2.1
DESIGN ON THE MACROECONOMIC LEVEL
Design as a Part of the National Economy and Society Design can be considered to belong to the creative industry. According to the UK Department for Culture, Media and Sport (2011), the creative industries are “those industries which have their origin in individual creativity, skill and talent and which have a potential for wealth and job creation through the generation and exploitation of intellectual property.� Alanen (2004) has divided the cultural industries into four major sectors, which are art, design, mass media, and leisure/entertainment. Table 1 indicates the share of each cultural sector out of the gross domestic product between 1995 and 2002. The design sector can be subdivided further into advertising, architecture, and the activities of industrial design businesses. The table shows a clear increase in the relative share of design out of the GDP. Business in the creative industry is closely linked to almost all industrial and service sectors, especially when it comes to design, advertising, marketing communications and animation. The significance of these links will only grow as demand for product and service packages subject to copyright grows. Creative business is the source of products and services which have their basis in immaterial rights. (Ministry of Trade and Industry, 2007) The creative industry accounted for 2.6 per cent of the GDP of the European Union (EU) in 2003. In that year, the revenues of the creative industry in the EU totalled EUR 650 billion, and the industry is growing faster than the economy on average. (Commission Staff Working Document, 2009)
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THE INDUSTRY