UCF Strength in Optics and Photonics

UCF Strength in Optics and Photonics Essential Technologies for our Nation

An overview of optics and photonics strengths at the University of Central Florida and the Central Florida region, presented as a supplement to “Optics and Photonics, Essential Technologies for Our Nation,� authored by the Harnessing Light Committee of the National Research Council.

Technologies & Applications at UCF Advanced Manufacturing

Fiber Optics

Integrated Optics

Defense & National Security

Semiconductor Optics

Communication, Information Processing Data Storage

Lasers

Imaging, Sensing & Display

Energy

Health & Medicine

TABLE OF CONTENTS By section

00 s Introduction 01 s UCF Background 02 s Impact of Photonics on the Economy 03 s Communication & Information Processing 04 s Advanced Manufacturing & Precise Detection 05 s Energy Production & Efficient Technologies 06 s National Healthcare 07 s Defense & National Security

00 s Introduction Following release of the powerful report Harnessing Light for America’s Technological Future by the National Research Council (NRC) of the National Academies, it seemed an appropriate time to emphasize the role the University of Central Florida is playing in strengthening the potential for U.S. and regional dominance in this important field.

MJ Soileau, Vice President for Research & Commercialization at UCF.

Harnessing Light emphasized the imperative role optics and photonics will play in technology development in the future and the opportunities the U.S. needs to pursue to be a global leader in the field. The full report can be seen at http://www.osa.org/osaorg/media/osa. media/PDFs/NAS-report-booklet.pdf.

The report focuses specifically on opportunities in: s Communications, Information Processing and Data Storage s Defense and National Security s Energy s Health and Medicine s Advanced Photonic Measurements and Applications s Advanced Manufacturing s Strategic Materials for Optics s Displays A follow-up report, sponsored in part by SPIE, emphasized the role that optics and photonics play as economic contributors.

Eugene G. Arthurs, CEO and executive director of SPIE, emphasized the need for public policy initiatives to encourage U.S. investment in these opportunities.

Bahaa Saleh, Dean of the College of Optics & Photonics, emphasizes UCF’s strengths in the following categories which we will address in this document: s

s

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UCF, through the College of Optics & Photonics and also through initiatives in the College of Engineering and Computer Science, the College of Sciences and the College of Medicine, is producing the disruptive technology and the educated workforce required to achieve national prominence in most of the areas highlighted in the NRC report.

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Communication & Information Processing Advanced Manufacturing & Precise Detection Energy Production & Efficient Technologies National Healthcare Defense & National Security

01

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UCF Background

UCF’s College of Optics & Photonics is one of the world’s foremost institutions for teaching and research in optics and photonics. The Center for Research and Education in Optics and Lasers (CREOL) started in 1985 as a major research and education center. In 2004, it became the College of Optics & Photonics, the first such college in the U.S. It houses three major research centers: CREOL, the Florida Photonics Center of Excellence (FPCE), and the Townes Laser Institute named after Charles Townes, the coinventor of the laser. The CREOL faculty are recipients of numerous awards and honors and are world-renowned for their contributions to fundamental and applied optics and photonics.

The College offers interdisciplinary graduate programs leading to M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Optics, as well as a specialization in Photonics within the BSEE degree. The College includes 28 faculty members, 14 faculty with joint appointments, 9 faculty with courtesy appointments, and five emeritus professors, 41 research scientists and 153 graduate students with research activities covering all aspects of optics and photonics, including lasers, fiber optics, semiconductor and integrated photonic devices, nonlinear and quantum optics, and imaging science.

The following pages summarize the worldleading contributions that UCF and the College of Optics & Photonics make to the advancement of technologies and to enabling applications that are critical in bolstering and expanding both the national and the Florida economy and in stimulating new solutions to challenges yet to be identified through the harnessing of light.

02 s Impact of Photonics on the Economy PUBLIC PHOTONICS COMPANIES IN THE U.S. 2009 Revenue ($ millions) No. of Employees R&D: Expenditures ($ millions) R&D: % of Revenue

2010

$2,741,289

$3,085,292

7,159,000

7,415,000

$151,104

$166,603

5.5%

5.4%

Source: Table 2.2 Optics and Photonics, Essential Technologies for Our Nation. Data from 282 of the 285 unique public companies listed as members, employers, or exhibitors by SPIE & OSA.

Public companies that are focused on optics and photonics create more than 10 percent of all U.S. public revenue, or more than $3 trillion. They also create six percent, or 7.4 million, of public company jobs. From a 2009 report by the Florida High Tech Corridor Council and the Florida Photonics Cluster, the statewide impact of optics and photonics in Florida is: Employees: 27,090 Gross Regional Product: $3.65 billion Sales: $7.27 billion

Optics and photonics are central to modern life. For example, these technologies are needed to make and inspect the integrated circuits in nearly every electronic device we use. Moreover, optics and photonics technologies are used in the displays on smart phones and computing devices, optical fiber that carries the information on the Internet, advanced precision manufacturing and metrology, enhanced defense capabilities, and a plethora of medical diagnostics tools.

New opportunities arising from optics and photonics offer the potential for even greater societal impact in the next few decades, including new optical capabilities that will be vital for supporting the continued exponential growth of the internet, high efficiency lighting, genome mapping, medical devices and solar power.

It is critical for the United States to take advantage of emerging optical technologies for creating new industries and generating high-value job growth.

03 s Communication & Information Processing Optics and photonics have increased the capacity of the Internet by nearly 10,000fold over the past two decades, and bandwidth demand is expected to grow another 100-fold, possibly more, over the next 10 years. Without optics, the Internet as we know it would not exist, and it may not be able to keep up with growing demands without a breakthrough.

Data centers, such as those used by Amazon and Google, are located overwhelmingly in the United States.

These data centers will grow dramatically over the next decade, and they will be major consumers of new communications technologies; it is critical that they do not migrate overseas.

Without optics, the Internet as we know it would not exist, and it may not be able to keep up with growing demands without a breakthrough.

Many past optical communications successes originated from large commercial laboratories that no longer exist. A strong partnership between industry, universities, and government will be necessary to ensuring that the U.S. leverages its innovation abilities to regain market leadership. Developing such partnerships has been a key strength of CREOL since its founding and one of the primary strategic elements of UCF. Technologies addressed by UCF & CREOL: s Nanostructured fibers s Multimaterial fibers s Multimode fiber comm systems s Atmospheric propagation s Silicon photonics s Integrated-optic signal processing s Quantum information processing s Photothermic glass technology s Gratings & HOE s LCD technology s Nonlinear guided waves

Applications addressed by UCF & CREOL: s High data rate telecom s Long-haul & local networks s Free-space communication s Information processing s Data storage UCF Faculty involved at UCF & CREOL: Ayman Abouraddy Rodrigo Amezcua Demetrios Christodoulides Sasan Fathpour Leon Glebov Guifang Li Bahaa Saleh Axel Schulzgen Shin-Tson Wu Spin-off and UCF Business Incubator optics and photonics companies from UCF and CREOL: AC Materials, Crystal Photonics, Raydiance, NexGen Global Technologies, sdPhotonics, Applied Photonics, Optium, LC Matter Corp.

Photos courtesy of Fraunhofer Institute for Laser Technology.

04 s Advanced Manufacturing & Precise Detection

Additive manufacturing, including laser sintering and 3D printing, describes technologies that create parts by building them layer by layer.

These processes are particularly suited to automation and are inherently low waste, compared to traditional subtractive processes where material is removed from a block to create a part. Sustained growth in additive manufacturing will require higher resolution to build increasingly complex parts and to repair high-cost parts like turbine blades. UCF research is addressing these areas as well as the development of optical sources such as soft x-ray lasers and imaging tools that will be needed for manufacturing next-generation chips.

Precise detection includes detecting light at the single-photon resolution with a high degree of confidence and precision.

Technologies addressed

by UCF & CREOL: s High power lasers s IR, EUV, X-ray lasers s Solid State & ceramic lasers s Fiber lasers s Semiconductor lasers s Nano lasers s Ultrafast lasers s Laser beam shaping & steering s High resolution 3D lithography s Photochemistry s Single-photon technology Applications addressed

by UCF & CREOL: s Material processing s Additive manufacturing s Lithography s Nano-fabrication s Ultrasensitive detection

Faculty involved at UCF & CREOL: Peter Delfyett Suhada Jayasuriya Jayanta Kapat Aravinda Kar Mercedeh Khajavikhan Stephen Kuebler Martin Richardson Kathleen Richardson Bahaa Saleh Spin-off and UCF Business Incubator optics and photonics companies from UCF and CREOL: Rini Technologies, Applicote Associates, LP Photonics, Pico Technologies, Applied Photonics, Optium, Orlando Photonics Laboratory Corp.

Sustained growth in additive manufacturing will require higher resolution to build increasingly complex parts and to repair high-cost parts like turbine blades.

05 s Energy Production & Efficient Technologies Solar energy can potentially produce the current and projected future U.S. energy consumption many times over. We need to bring the cost of solar energy down to the price of other alternatives without subsidies, which will require advances in materials, technology, transmission and manufacturing.

Not only is there a need for affordable renewable energy, but there is also a need to create jobs in the United States and in Florida – the Sunshine State.

A focus in this area can contribute to both.

Solid-state (SS) lighting, a research strength at UCF’s CREOL and Florida Solar Energy Center, is clearly the next step in lighting. It is more energy efficient, generates less heat than current options and is becoming increasingly cost-competitive for general lighting applications. Cost is the main issue preventing widespread adoption of SS lighting: while lower electricity use and longer life result in a net savings, bulb cost is higher. Major progress is being made, however, and the U.S. needs to exploit its current expertise in solid state lighting to bring this technology to maturity and to market.

Technologies addressed by UCF & CREOL: s Photovoltaics s Oxide Semiconductors s Fiber collectors s Integrated Optics s Metamaterials s LED s Quantum Dots & Nanostructures Applications addressed by UCF & CREOL: s Solar energy collection s PV power generation s Solid state lighting

Faculty involved at UCF & CREOL: Ayman Abouraddy Debashis Chanda Dennis Deppe Sasan Fathpour Pieter Kik Patrick LiKamWa Winston Schoenfeld Spin-off and UCF Business Incubator optics and photonics companies from UCF and CREOL: Green Solar Solutions, AppliCote Associates, sdPhotonics

06 s National Healthcare Photonics technologies are already essential for delivery of effective and low-cost diagnosis, treatment and prevention of disease. Applications in medicine span from elective vision correction and minimally invasive surgeries to characterization of the human genome and bedside clinical analyses in the future. Light-based technologies will also help optimize individual responses to medications while minimizing side effects: health care costs will be reduced as costly late intervention procedures are curtailed and hospital stays shortened. UCF researchers are on the forefront of imaging through tissue and moving cells with light – which offers the potential to harness the healing power of stem cells and guide them to areas of the body that need help.

Medical imaging, which is widely used and is still a rapidly developing area, is key to many healthrelated needs, both for understanding the status of a patient and for guiding and implementing corrective procedures. Real-time images using fluorescent biomarkers that selectively bind to tumor cells provide a clear demarcation between healthy and diseased tissue during surgery. UCF’s new Computer Vision Center has pioneered work using computer programs to read brain scans.

Biophotonics research is driving advances that, together with improved medical instrumentation, will save lives and provide business opportunities.

Optics and photonics (sources and materials, imaging devices, and microfluidics) provide unprecedented speed, sensitivity, selectivity and resolution for biomedical instrumentation to aid the physician.

Technologies addressed by UCF & CREOL: s Microfluidic optical sensors s Fiber sensors s Plasmonic sensors s Laser spectroscopy s IR & THz spectroscopy s Multiphoton imaging s Imaging through tissue s Lasers for med apps s Nano Lasers s Optical cellular control s Optical tweezers

Applications addressed by UCF & CREOL: s Biosensing s Imaging through tissue s Cellular & molecular Imaging s Diagnostics s Surgery s Therapeutics s Re-growing organs Faculty involved at UCF & CREOL: Matthieu Baudelet Aristide Dogariu Mercedeh Khajavikhan Martin Richardson Lawrence Shah Mubarak Shah Bahaa Saleh Konstantin Vodopyanov Spin-off and UCF Business Incubator optics and photonics companies from UCF and CREOL: Plasmonics, Speckodyne, Medical Optics & Photonics, Applicote Associates, Raydiance

07

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Defense and National Security

It is becoming increasingly clear that sensor systems will be the next “battleground� for dominance in intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR), with optics based sensors representing a considerable fraction of ISR systems. Optical sensing technology provides the ability to communicate information at high bandwidths from mobile platforms and can also identify chemical, biological, and nuclear threats, an ability fundamental for homeland security.

Defense against missile attacks is a significant security need with laser weapons systems poised to cause a revolution in military affairs. Laser weapons can provide a substantial advantage to U.S. forces. There are also potential synergies from fully merging optical surveillance technology, laser weapons technology, and free-space laser technology.

Leadership in the manufacture of optical communications components and the production of some crystals fundamental to laser function has already been lost to migration of photonics manufacturing overseas. Hence, the U.S. may be losing both first access and assured access to key optics and photonics technologies at the same time as these technologies are becoming a technological advantage. UCF is addressing this area with the following research strengths:

Technologies addressed

by UCF & CREOL: s High-power lasers s Laser beam combining s IR and THz imaging s IR and THz spectroscopy s LIBS s Laser atmospheric propagation s Nonlinear spectroscopy s Nonlinear optical limiters s Computer vision Applications addressed

by UCF & CREOL: s Directed energy s Laser strike s Laser protection s Surveillance s Object identification s Free-space laser communication s Secure communication Faculty involved at UCF & CREOL: Dennis Deppe Aristide Dogariu Leon Glebov Mercedeh Khajavikhan Martin Richardson Mubarak Shah Lawrence Shah Konstantin Vodopyanov Spin-off and UCF Business Incubator optics and photonics companies from UCF and CREOL: Raydiance, Optigrate, Plasmonics, OSI LaserScan, Pico Technologies, sdPhotonics

Optical sensing technology provides the ability to communicate information at high bandwidths from mobile platforms and can also identify chemical, biological, and nuclear threats, an ability fundamental for homeland security.

Appendix of UCF Researchers CREOL Faculty Science & Technology Research Areas http://www.creol.ucf.edu/Research/ResearchAreaByFaculty.aspx for more information

Abouraddy, Ayman: Fiber Optics, Semiconductor & Integrated Photonics, Photovoltaics, Nonlinear & Quantum Optics, Imaging, Sensing & Display Amezcua Correa, Rodrigo: Lasers, Fiber Optics, Nonlinear & Quantum Optics Baudelet, Matthieu: Nonlinear Optics & Spectroscopy, laser spectroscopies (LIBS, Fluorescence, Raman, FTIR) Chanda, Debashis: Semiconductor & Integrated Photonics, Photovoltaics, Periodic Structures & Photonic Crystals Christodoulides, Demetrios: Fiber Optics, Fiber Fabrication Technology, Semiconductor & Integrated Photonics, Nonlinear & Quantum Optics Delfyett, Peter J.: Lasers, Optical Frequency Combs, Fiber Optics, Fiber Lasers, Semiconductor & Integrated Photonics, LEDs & Laser Diodes, Quantum Dots & Nanostructures, Optoelectronics, Integrated Optics, Nonlinear & Quantum Optics Deppe, Dennis: Semiconductor Lasers, Semiconductor & Integrated Photonics, Quantum Dots & Nanostructures, Optoelectronics Dogariu, Aristide: Optical Sensing, Manipulation of Electromagnetic Fields, Near Field Imaging, Propagation in Random Media Fathpour, Sasan: Semiconductor Lasers, Semiconductor & Integrated Photonics, LEDs & Laser Diodes, Quantum Dots & Nanostructures, Optoelectronics, Photovoltaics, Integrated Optics, Nanophotonics & Plasmonics, Silicon Photonics, Nonlinear & Quantum Optics Glebov, Leonid B.: Lasers, Fiber Lasers, Semiconductor & Integrated Photonics, Nonlinear & Quantum Optics, Hagan, David J.: Semiconductor & Integrated Photonics, Quantum Dots & Nanostructures, Nanophotonics & Plasmonics, Nonlinear & Quantum Optics, Kar, Aravinda: Lasers (Solid State, Ceramic, EUV, X-ray, Ultrafast lasers), Semiconductor & Integrated Photonics, LEDs & Laser Diodes, Photovoltaics, Infrared Sensors & Systems, Imaging, Sensing & Display Khajavikhan, Mercedeh: Fiber Lasers, Semiconductor & Integrated Photonics, LEDs & Laser Diodes, Quantum Dots & Nanostructures, Integrated Optics, Nanophotonics & Plasmonics, Silicon Photonics, Nonlinear & Quantum Optics Kik, Pieter G.: Semiconductor & Integrated Photonics, Quantum Dots & Nanostructures, Integrated Optics, Periodic Structures & Photonic Crystals, Nanophotonics & Plasmonics, Silicon Photonics, Nonlinear & Quantum Optics, Nonlinear Optical Materials Kuebler, Stephen: Integrated Photonics, Nanophotonics & Plasmonics, Nonlinear & Quantum Optics, Nonlinear Optical Materials, Nonlinear Optics & Spectroscopy

Li, Guifang: Fiber Optics, Fiber Fabrication Technology, Nonlinear & Quantum Optics, Imaging, Sensing & Display, Millimeter & THz Technology LiKamWa, Patrick L.: Semiconductor & Integrated Photonics, Optoelectronics, Integrated Optics, Nonlinear & Quantum Optics Moharam, M. G. “Jim”: Semiconductor & Integrated Photonics, Integrated Optics, Periodic Structures & Photonic Crystals, Nanophotonics & Plasmonics Richardson, Kathleen: Optical Ceramics for Lasers, Soft Glasses for Optical Fibers Richardson, Martin C.: Lasers (Solid State, Ceramic, EUV, X-ray, Ultrafast lasers), Fiber Optics, Fiber Fabrication Technology, Multimaterial Fibers, Mid Infrared Fibers, Fiber Lasers, Semiconductor & Integrated Photonics, Periodic Structures & Photonic Crystals, Nonlinear & Quantum Optics, Nonlinear Guided Waves & Fibers, Nonlinear Optical Materials, Nonlinear Optics & Spectroscopy, Photosensitive Glasses, Imaging, Sensing & Display, X-ray & EUV Technology, Infrared Sensors & Systems, Millimeter & THz Technology Saleh, Bahaa E. A.: Nonlinear & Quantum Optics Schoenfeld, Winston V.: Semiconductor & Integrated Photonics, Epitaxial Growth, LEDs & Laser Diodes, Quantum Dots & Nanostructures, Optoelectronics, Oxide Semiconductors, Photovoltaics, Periodic Structures & Photonic Crystals, Nanophotonics & Plasmonics, Nonlinear & Quantum Optics, Schülzgen, Axel: Lasers (Solid State, Ultrafast), Fiber Optics, Fiber Fabrication Technology, Nano-structured Fibers, Fiber Lasers, Semiconductor & Integrated Photonics, Quantum Dots & Nanostructures, Nonlinear & Quantum Optics, Nonlinear Guided Waves & Fibers, Nonlinear Optical Materials Shah, Lawrence: Lasers (Solid State, Ceramic, Ultrafast lasers), Fiber Lasers, Nonlinear & Quantum Optics, Nonlinear Guided Waves & Fibers, Nonlinear Optical Materials Soileau, MJ: Laser-Induced Breakdown, Laser Damage, Self-Focusing, Nonlinear Optics Van Stryland, Eric W.: Semiconductor & Integrated Photonics, Quantum Dots & Nanostructures, Nonlinear & Quantum Optics, Nonlinear Optical Materials, Nonlinear Optics & Spectroscopy Vodopyanov, Konstantin: Laser Spectroscopy, Biomedical Applications of Lasers, THZ Sensing Wu, Shin-Tson: Fiber Optics, Nano-structured Fibers, Imaging, Sensing & Display, Optics of Liquid Crystals

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