DRR and WASH - Care International by ACF ACF

GLOBAL WASH CLUSTER

CAPACITY BUILDING FOR HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE

DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND WATER, SANITATION AND HYGIENE… COMPREHENSIVE GUIDANCE

A GUIDELINE FOR FIELD PRACTITIONERS PLANNING AND IMPLEMENTING WASH INTERVENTIONS

GLOBAL WASH CLUSTER

Published by the Global WASH Cluster. Global WASH Cluster, UNICEF New York, 3 UN Plaza, New York, NY 10017, USA t t

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5IF (MPCBM 8"4) $MVTUFS MFE CZ 6/*$&' XBT FTUBCMJTIFE BT QBSU PG UIF JOUFSOBUJPOBM IVNBOJUBSJBO SFGPSN QSPHSBNNF BOE QSPWJEFT BO PQFO GPSNBM QMBUGPSN GPS BMM FNFSHFODZ 8"4) BDUPST UP XPSL UPHFUIFS 5IJT HVJEBODF EPDVNFOU PO %JTBTUFS 3JTL 3FEVDUJPO JO 8"4) QSPHSBNNFT IBT CFFO QSPEVDFE VOEFS UIF 8"4) $MVTUFS $PPSEJOBUJPO QSPKFDU UP TVQQPSU UIF FGGFDUJWF DPPSEJOBUJPO PG B 8"4) $MVTUFS SFTQPOTF JO FNFSHFODZ TJUVBUJPOT /PWFNCFS "MM SJHIUT SFTFSWFE 5IJT NBUFSJBM JT DPQZSJHIU CVU NBZ CF SFQSPEVDFE CZ BOZ NFUIPE XJUIPVU DIBSHF GPS FEVDBUJPOBM QVSQPTFT CVU OPU GPS SFTBMF 'PSNBM QFSNJTTJPO JT OPU SFRVJSFE IPXFWFS UIF (MPCBM 8"4) $MVTUFS TIPVME CF JOGPSNFE PG BOZ TVDI SFQSPEVDUJPO 1SPEVDFE BOE EJTUSJCVUFE CZ $"3& /FEFSMBOE PO CFIBMG PG UIF (MPCBM 8"4) $MVTUFS XJUI TVQQPSU GSPN NFNCFST PG UIF 8"4) $MVTUFS $PPSEJOBUJPO 1SPKFDU TUFFSJOH HSPVQ 'PS BMM GVSUIFS JOGPSNBUJPO DPOUBDU

"DLOPXMFEHFNFOUT 5IJT HVJEFMJOF XBT XSJUUFO CZ Erik Rottier $"3& /FEFSMBOE CVJMEJOH PO BOE FYQBOEJOH VQPO BO JOJUJBM TUVEZ EPOF CZ Michiel van der Drift $POTVMUBOU XPSLJOH GPS $"3& /FEFSMBOE "O FEJU XBT DBSSJFE PVU CZ Eric Fewster $POTVMUBOU XPSLJOH GPS $"3& /FEFSMBOE Anne te Molder $"3& /FEFSMBOE DPPSEJOBUFE UIF QSPKFDU 5IF TUFFSJOH HSPVQ GPS UIJT QSPKFDU DPOTJTUFE PG Jean McCluskey 6/*$&' Anthony Spalton 6/*$&' Dinesh Shrestha 6/)$3 Dominique Porteaud 6/)$3 Jock Baker $"3& *OUFSOBUJPOBM

5IF NFNCFST PG UIF QFFS HSPVQ GPS UIF QSPKFDU XFSF Paul Shanahan $"3& *OUFSOBUJPOBM Rod Jackson 8PSME 7JTJPO Daudi Bikaba

DRR AND WASH

0YGBN (# Chris Anderson 0YGBN (# Bob Hansford 5FBSGVOE Luke Dokter /PSXFHJBO $IVSDI "JE Per Andersson $PODFSO 8PSMEXJEF

*O BEEJUJPO UP UIF QFSTPOT NFOUJPOFE BMSFBEZ UIF HVJEFMJOF IBT HSFBUMZ CFOFยนUUFE GSPN UIF JOQVUT PG David Weatherill 6/*$&' Edward Turvill 0YGBN (# Ben Harvey *OUFSOBUJPOBM 3FTDVF $PNNJUUFF Frank Greaves 5FBSGVOE Michel Becks 5IF /FUIFSMBOET 3FE $SPTT 4PDJFUZ Isabelle Stercq JOEFQFOEFOU Elmos B. Glay ($"3& -JCFSJB BOE QSPHSBNNJOH TUBGG PG Action Contre la Faim BOE CARE UPP OVNFSPVT UP CF NFOUJPOFE IFSF CVU XIPTF GFFECBDL PO DPOUFOU BOE GPSN XBT FYUSFNFMZ WBMVBCMF " TQFDJBM UIBOL ZPV BMTP UP $"3& "VTUSBMJB GPS JUT TVQQPSU.

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DRR AND WASH

GLOBAL WASH CLUSTER

TABLE OF CONTENTS

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ยบPX SPDLGBMM BWBMBODIFยฅ )B[BSE 4VCTJEFODF )B[BSE (FOFSBM ยบPPE ยบBTI ยบ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

DRR AND WASH

ACRONYMS

CC CCA DRA DRR EPP HP KAP .%( NGO 1"3 .PEFM PRA USD VDC WASH WSP

$MJNBUF $IBOHF $MJNBUF $IBOHF "EBQUBUJPO %JTBTUFS 3JTL "TTFTTNFOU %JTBTUFS 3JTL 3FEVDUJPO &NFSHFODZ 1SFQBSFEOFTT 1MBO )ZHJFOF 1SPNPUJPO ,OPXMFEHF "UUJUVEF BOE 1SBDUJDF .JMMFOOJVN %FWFMPQNFOU (PBMT /PO (PWFSONFOUBM 0SHBOJ[BUJPO 1SFTTVSF BOE 3FMFBTF .PEFM 1BSUJDJQBUPSZ 3VSBM "QQSBJTBM 6OJUFE 4UBUFT %PMMBS 7JMMBHF %FWFMPQNFOU $PNNJUUFF 8BUFS 4BOJUBUJPO BOE )ZHJFOF 8BUFS 4BGFUZ 1MBO

DRR AND WASH

INTRODUCTION

*O UIF 8"4) $MVTUFS DPNNJTTJPOFE B TUVEZ UP FYQMPSF UIF MJOLT CFUXFFO 8BUFS 4BOJUBUJPO BOE )ZHJFOF 8"4) BOE %JTBTUFS 3JTL 3FEVDUJPO %33 JO FNFSHFODZ SFTQPOTF BOE FBSMZ SFDPWFSZ JO 8"4) DMVTUFS BHFODJFT 5IF QSPKFDU XBT TFU VQ JO UXP QBSUT UIF Â¹STU QBSU XBT B TUVEZ PO UIF JOUFHSBUJPO PG %33 JO 8"4) QSPHSBNNJOH JO FNFSHFODZ SFTQPOTF BOE FBSMZ SFDPWFSZ JO 8"4) DMVTUFS BHFODJFT 5IF TFDPOE QBSU XBT UP DSFBUF B HVJEFMJOF XJUI UPPMT UP BTTJTU BHFODJFT JO NBJOTUSFBNJOH %33 JO 8"4) CVJMEJOH PO UIF SFTVMUT PG UIF TUVEZ 5IF TUVEZ JEFOUJÂ¹FE TFWFSBM JTTVFT %JTBTUFS 3JTL 3FEVDUJPO NFBTVSFT SFMBUFE UP 8"4) BSF BMSFBEZ CFJOH QVU JO QSBDUJDF BMUIPVHI UIJT JT OPU OFDFTTBSJMZ SFDPHOJTFE CZ Â¹FME QSBDUJUJPOFST 'JFME QSBDUJUJPOFST BOE TUBGG BU IFBERVBSUFST XPVME MJLF UP TFF DMFBS HVJEBODF PO HPPE QSBDUJDF PG %33 XJUI SFHBSE UP 8"4) TFSWJDFT BOE 8"4) QSPHSBNNJOH %33 UIVT OFFET UP CF EF NZTUJÂ¹FE 5IFSF JT TPNF MJNJUFE HVJEBODF PO SJTL SFEVDUJPO JO 8"4) TFSWJDFT JO TUBCMF TJUVBUJPOT UIFSF BSF OP TQFDJÂ¹D HVJEFMJOFT BOE UPPMT GPS UIF JOUFHSBUJPO PG SJTL SFEVDUJPO NFBTVSFT JO 8"4) JO UIF FNFSHFODZ SFTQPOTF BOE FBSMZ SFDPWFSZ QIBTFT 5IF HVJEBODF BWBJMBCMF UIBU EFBMT XJUI SJTL SFEVDUJPO JO SFTQFDU UP 8"4) TZTUFNT BSF NPTUMZ GPDVTTFE PO XBUFS TVQQMZ TZTUFNT .FBTVSFT SFMBUFE UP PUIFS 8"4) TZTUFNT F H TBOJUBUJPO WFDUPS DPOUSPM BSF MFTT EFWFMPQFE

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1 5IF GPDVT XJMM CF PO TZTUFNT UIBU TVQQMZ TFSWJDFT UP IPVTFIPMET WJMMBHFT BOE OFJHICPVSIPPET J F TZTUFNT UIBU QSBDUJUJPOFST PG 8"4) DMVTUFS BHFODJFT XJMM OPSNBMMZ EFBM XJUI 8IJMF NBOZ PG UIF QSJODJQMFT DPWFSFE IFSF DPVME BMTP CF BQQMJFE UP TFSWJDFT GPS JOEVTUSZ PS MBSHF TDBMF JSSJHBUJPO TDIFNFT UIF HVJEFMJOF XJMM OPU MPPL TQFDJÂ¹DBMMZ JOUP UIFTF TZTUFNT 5IF HVJEFMJOF XJMM GPDVT PO IB[BSE FWFOUT UIBU BSF DBMMFE Â°OBUVSBM IB[BSETÂ± 5IFTF IB[BSET BSF QSFTFOUFE JO 'JHVSF

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5IF EPDVNFOU JO GSPOU PG UIF SFBEFS JT UIF HVJEFMJOF JODMVEJOH UIF UPPMT XIJDI XJMM Â¹MM UIFTF HBQT *U QSPWJEFT B DPNQSFIFOTJWF PWFSWJFX PG JOUFHSBUJPO PG %33 JO 8"4) BOE JT B DPNQBOJPO UP UIF TVNNBSZ EPDVNFOU Â° %JTBTUFS 3JTL 3FEVDUJPO BOE 8"4) Â¬ &TTFOUJBM (VJEBODFÂ± 5IF TUVEZ BMTP SFWFBMFE UIBU BHFODJFT DPOTJEFSFE Â°QSFQBSFEOFTTÂ± CFGPSF B EJTBTUFS FWFOU BT UIF NPTU FGGFDUJWF SJTL SFEVDUJPO BQQSPBDI 5IJT PCTFSWBUJPO JT DPSSFDU BOE TIPVME JODMVEF NJUJHBUJPO JO UIF EFWFMPQNFOU QIBTF UP DPNQMFUF UIF DJSDMF 5P BDDPNNPEBUF UIFTF LFZ FMFNFOUT XJUIJO %JTBTUFS 3JTL 3FEVDUJPO UIF TDPQF PG UIF HVJEFMJOF XBT FYUFOEFE UP BMMPX GPS NJUJHBUJPO BOE QSFQBSFEOFTT NFBTVSFT JO UIF EFWFMPQNFOU QIBTF UP CF MJOLFE XJUI UIF FNFSHFODZ SFTQPOTF BOE SFDPWFSZ QIBTFT

1.1 SCOPE OF THE GUIDELINE

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5IF QSJODJQMFT BOE UPPMT QSFTFOUFE JO UIJT HVJEFMJOF BSF BQQMJDBCMF CPUI UP SVSBM BOE VSCBO DPOUFYUT BT XFMM BT CPUI TNBMM BOE MBSHFS TZTUFNT F H IBOEQVNQT JO B WJMMBHF WFSTVT BO VSCBO XBUFS TVQQMZ TZTUFN

'JHVSF $MBTTJmDBUJPO PG OBUVSBM IB[BSET 1 5IF HVJEFMJOF XJMM OPU EFBM XJUI UFDIOPMPHJDBM IB[BSET F H USBOTQPSUBUJPO BOE JOEVTUSJBM IB[BSET BOE JOUFSOBUJPOBM DJWJM BOE QPMJUJDBM IB[BSET F H XBST DPNQMFY IVNBOJUBSJBO FNFSHFODJFT 1 Insect infestation, animal stampede and meteorite impact will not be covered in the guideline

DRR AND WASH

1 1.2 TARGET AUDIENCE

5IF HVJEFMJOF JT XSJUUFO GPS ยนFME QSBDUJUJPOFST XIP QMBO DPPSEJOBUF BOE JNQMFNFOU 8"4) JOUFSWFOUJPOT JO UIF FNFSHFODZ SFTQPOTF SFDPWFSZ BOE EFWFMPQNFOU QIBTFT *U JT BTTVNFE UIBU UIF SFBEFST IBWF B TPVOE VOEFSTUBOEJOH PG 8"4) QSJODJQMFT BOE TUBOEBSET JO FNFSHFODZ SFTQPOTF BOE SFDPWFSZ 3FBEFST TIPVME CF GBNJMJBS XJUI QSPKFDU QMBOOJOH NFUIPET BOE UPPMT F H VTF PG UIF MPHJDBM GSBNFXPSL *U JT BMTP BTTVNFE UIBU NFUIPEPMPHJFT VTFE JO UIF QMBOOJOH PG 8"4) MJLF 13" 1BSUJDJQBUPSZ 3VSBM "QQSBJTBM BOE JUT UFDIOJRVFT BSF GBNJMJBS )PXFWFS JU JT OPU OFDFTTBSZ UP IBWF B ยนSN VOEFSTUBOEJOH PG %33 BT UIJT EPDVNFOU XJMM DPWFS UIF CBTJD DPODFQUT

DISASTERS AND DISASTER RISK REDUCTION: CONCEPTS AND CONTEXT

2.1 DISASTERS AND DISASTER TRENDS " EJTBTUFS JT BO FWFOU XIFSF JNQPSUBOU MPTTFT BOE EBNBHF BSF JOยบJDUFE VQPO DPNNVOJUJFT BOE JOEJWJEVBMT QPTTJCMZ JODMVEJOH MPTT PG MJGF BOE MJWFMJIPPE BTTFUT MFBWJOH UIF BGGFDUFE DPNNVOJUJFT VOBCMF UP GVODUJPO OPSNBMMZ XJUIPVU PVUTJEF BTTJTUBODF 'JHVSF TIPXT TPNF SFDFOU USFOET XJUI SFHBSE UP OBUVSBM IB[BSE FWFOUT

1.3 STRUCTURE OF THE DOCUMENT

5IF EPDVNFOU JT NFBOU UP QSPWJEF RVJDL BDDFTT UP JOGPSNBUJPO $IBQUFST BOE QSPWJEF B CBDLHSPVOE UP %33 BOE JUT JOUFHSBUJPO JOUP 8"4) QSPHSBNNFT 5IF BOOFYFT QSFTFOU PWFSWJFX UBCMFT GPS SBQJE BDDFTT UP CBDLHSPVOE JOGPSNBUJPO BOE UPPMT $IBQUFS *OUSPEVDUJPO TLFUDIFT UIF HFOFSBM CBDLHSPVOE TDPQF PG UIF EPDVNFOU UBSHFU BVEJFODF BOE TUSVDUVSF PG UIF HVJEFMJOF $IBQUFS %JTBTUFST BOE %JTBTUFS 3JTL 3FEVDUJPO DPODFQUT BOE DPOUFYU EJTDVTTFT EJTBTUFST BOE QBTU BOE GVUVSF EJTBTUFS USFOET QSPKFDUJPOT *U JOUSPEVDFT UIF DPODFQUT PG EJTBTUFS SJTL BOE EJTBTUFS SJTL SFEVDUJPO $IBQUFS %33 BOE 8"4) TFSWJDFT QSFTFOUT UIF JOUFHSBUJPO PG %33 JOUP 8"4) JOUFSWFOUJPOT *U UBLFT B HFOFSBM PWFSWJFX PG 8"4) %33 JO UIF EFWFMPQNFOU QIBTF *U UIFO FYQMPSFT UIF JOUFHSBUJPO PG 8"4) %33 JO UIF IVNBOJUBSJBO BOE SFDPWFSZ QIBTF JO NPSF EFQUI .FUIPET BOE UPPMT BSF QSFTFOUFE UIBU IFMQ TUBGG JO UIF JOUFHSBUJPO PG %33 JO 8"4) BDUJPOT "OOFY 5IF 1SFTTVSF "OE 3FMFBTF 1"3 NPEFM QSFTFOUT B NPEFM VTFE JO %33 UP BTTFTT BOE BOBMZTF IB[BSET BOE WVMOFSBCJMJUZ 5IJT NPEFM BTTJTUT JO BDUJPO QMBOOJOH CZ MPPLJOH BU IPX UP BEESFTT UIFTF JTTVFT "OOFY 5IF 8"4) 4FSWJDF 1FSGPSNBODF 'SBNFXPSL B POF QBHF GSBNFXPSL UIBU JT VTFGVM GPS BTTFTTJOH UIF GVODUJPOJOH PG 8"4) TFSWJDFT BOE UP JEFOUJGZ WVMOFSBCJMJUJFT "OOFY .JUJHBUJPO BOE QSFQBSFEOFTT NFBTVSFT GPS 8"4) TZTUFNT QSFTFOUT UIF QSPCBCMF DBVTFT PG TQFDJยนD IB[BSE FWFOUT BOE EFTDSJCFT UIF NJUJHBUJPO BOE QSFQBSFEOFTT NFBTVSFT UIBU DBO CF UBLFO UP SFEVDF EJTBTUFS SJTL "OOFY 1PUFOUJBM OFHBUJWF FGGFDUT PG 8"4) TFSWJDFT PO TPDJFUZ MPPLT BU UIF QPTTJCMF JTTVFT UIBU TQFDJยนD 8"4) TFSWJDFT NJHIU DSFBUF JO B TPDJFUZ 5IF FGGFDUT BSF QSFTFOUFE QFS 8"4) DPNQPOFOU BOE BMTP MPPL BU NFBTVSFT UIBU DBO CF UBLFO UP BWPJE PS SFEVDF UIFTF FGGFDUT "OOFY &YBNQMFT PG %33 JOUFHSBUJPO JO 8"4) FYBNQMFT PG QSPKFDUT XIFSF %33 FMFNFOUT IBWF CFFO JOUFHSBUFE JO FNFSHFODZ SFTQPOTF BOE SFDPWFSZ JOUFSWFOUJPOT 3FGFSFODFT BOE GVSUIFS SFBEJOH BO PWFSWJFX PG SFTPVSDFT PO 8"4) EJTBTUFST BOE %33

ย ย ย

ย ย ย ย ย ย

'JHVSF /VNCFS PG FWFOUT SFQPSUFE PG QFPQMF BGGFDUFE CZ BOE FTUJNBUFE EBNBHFT DBVTFE CZ OBUVSBM IB[BSE FWFOUT CFUXFFO BOE 3

DRR AND WASH

2 The UNISDR (United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction) definition of a disaster is โ A serious disruption of the functioning of a community or a society involving widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses and impacts, which exceeds the ability of the affected community or society to cope using its own resourcesโ . 3 http://www.emdat.be/natural-disasters-trends

DRR AND WASH

2 5IF JNQBDU EJTBTUFST IBWF PO IVNBO TPDJFUZ JT IVHF CFUXFFO BOE PO BWFSBHF BSPVOE EJTBTUFST PDDVSSFE QFS ZFBS XJUI PO BWFSBHF PWFS NJMMJPO BGGFDUFE QFSTPOT QFS ZFBS BOE DBVTJOH B UPUBM EBNBHF PG XFMM PWFS CJMMJPO 64% QFS ZFBS 5IFTF Â¹HVSFT EPOÂ±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

5IVT B EJTBTUFS PDDVST XIFO B IB[BSE FWFOU IBQQFOT JO B DPNNVOJUZ UIBU JT WVMOFSBCMF UP UIJT IB[BSE FWFOU UIJT JT TIPXO JO 'JHVSF

2.2 DISASTER RISK 5IFSF JT B SJTL PG B EJTBTUSPVT FWFOU JG UXP FMFNFOUT BSF DPNCJOFE 1 0OF PS NPSF IB[BSET " hazard JT B TQFDJÂ¹D QPUFOUJBM UISFBU )B[BSET DBO CF Â°OBUVSBMÂ± F H FBSUIRVBLFT ÂºPPET ESPVHIU DZDMPOFT XJME Â¹SFT FYUSFNF UFNQFSBUVSFT FUD BOE DBO CF Â°NBO NBEFÂ± DPOÂºJDU JOEVTUSJBM BDDJEFOUT TFWFSF QPMMVUJPO FUD )B[BSET BSF POMZ UISFBUT JU JT POMZ XIFO B IB[BSE CFDPNFT B IB[BSE FWFOU QSPDFTT UIBU EBNBHF JT EPOF 2 " DPNNVOJUZ UIBU JT WVMOFSBCMF UP UIJT IB[BSE 5IF WVMOFSBCJMJUZ6 PG B DPNNVOJUZ UP B IB[BSE JT UIF FYUFOU UP XIJDI QFPQMF BSF MBDLJOH QSPUFDUJPO PS CVGGFSJOH DBQBDJUZ BHBJOTU QPTTJCMF IB[BSEPVT FWFOUT PS QSPDFTTFT

'JHVSF &MFNFOUT OFFEFE GPS B EJTBTUFS 8IJMF IB[BSE BOE WVMOFSBCJMJUZ JODSFBTF UIF SJTL PG EJTBTUFS UIF DBQBDJUZ7 PG B TPDJFUZ SFEVDFT UIF SJTL 5IJT SFMBUJPO JT PGUFO QSFTFOUFE CZ UIF QTFVEP GPSNVMB

4PNFUJNFT FYQPTVSF JT BEEFE UP UIF GPSNVMB BT B EJTBTUFS DBO CZ EFÂ¹OJUJPO POMZ IBQQFO JG B DPNNVOJUZ JT BGGFDUFE 5IJT JT UIF BQQSPBDI UIBU XJMM CF UBLFO XJUI SFHBSE UP 8"4) TZTUFNT TFF "TTFTTNFOU BOBMZTJT BOE BDUJPO QMBOOJOH JO UIF SFDPWFSZ BOE EFWFMPQNFOU QIBTFT CBTFE PO B XPSLFE FYBNQMF *U GPMMPXT GSPN UIJT GPSNVMB UIBU UIF EJTBTUFS SJTL JO B DPNNVOJUZ DBO CF SFEVDFE CZ CSJOHJOH EPXO UIF IB[BSE UISFBU BOE PS CZ EFDSFBTJOH WVMOFSBCJMJUZ BOE PS TUSFOHUIFOJOH DBQBDJUZ PG B DPNNVOJUZ 5IJT JT UIF Â¹FME PG %JTBTUFS 3JTL 3FEVDUJPO

10 DRR AND WASH

4 http://www.paho.org/English/DPI/Number6_article6.htm 5 The UNISDR definition of a hazard is â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;A dangerous phenomenon, substance, human activity or condition that may cause loss of life, injury or other health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihoods and services, social and economic disruption, or environmental damageâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;. 6 The UNISDR definition of vulnerability is â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;The characteristics and circumstances of a community, system or asset that make it susceptible to the damaging effects of a hazardâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;.

7 The UNISDR definition of a capacity is â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;The combination of all the strengths, attributes and resources available within a community, society or organization that can be used to achieve agreed goalsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;.

DRR AND WASH 11

2 2.3 DISASTER RISK REDUCTION

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12 DRR AND WASH

8 The UNISDR definition of a Disaster Risk Reduction is โ The concept and practice of reducing disaster risks through systematic efforts to analyse and manage the causal factors of disasters, including through reduced exposure to hazards, lessened vulnerability of people and property, wise management of land and the environment, and improved preparedness for adverse events. 9 The UNISDR definition of a Resilience is โ The ability of a system, community or society exposed to hazards to resist, absorb, accommodate to and recover from the effects of a hazard in a timely and efficient manner, including through the preservation and restoration of its essential basic structures and functions.

DRR AND WASH 13

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2.3.1 MAINSTREAMING DISASTER RISK REDUCTION

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'JHVSF .BJOTUSFBNJOH %33 JO UIF QSPKFDU DZDMF 10 http://www.unisdr.org/eng/hfa/docs/HFA-brochure-English.pdf 11 http://www.globalnetwork-dr.org/reports/VFLfullreport0609.pdf

14 DRR AND WASH

DRR AND WASH 15

2 2.3.2 DRR IN THE EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT CYCLE

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12 The UNISDR definition of Prevention is â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;The outright avoidance of adverse impacts of hazards and related disastersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;. 13 The UNISDR definition of Mitigation is â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;The lessening or limitation of the adverse impacts of hazards and related disastersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;. 14 The UNISDR definition of Preparedness is â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;The knowledge and capacities developed by governments, professional response and recovery organizations, communities and individuals to effectively anticipate, respond to, and recover from, the impacts of likely, imminent or current hazard events or conditionsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;.

16 DRR AND WASH

PHASE

GENERAL SCOPE OF ACTION SPECIFIC AIM AND EXAMPLES

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15 http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar4/syr/ar4_syr_appendix.pdf

DRR AND WASH 17

2 PHASE

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18 DRR AND WASH

ย * EFOUJยนDBUJPO PG IB[BSE FWFOU XBSOJOH TJHOT F H FBSMZ XBSOJOH TZTUFN ย 1 SFQBSBUJPO GPS FNFSHFODZ SFTQPOTF F H EFWFMPQNFOU PG B DPOUJOHFODZ QMBO GPSNJOH FNFSHFODZ SFTQPOTF UFBNT DBQBDJUZ CVJMEJOH PG DJWJM QSPUFDUJPO TUBGG QSFQPTJUJPOJOH PG TVQQMJFT CVJMEJOH BOE NBJOUBJOJOH DPNNVOJUZ TIFMUFST TFUUJOH VQ SFTJMJFOU DPNNVOJDBUJPO TZTUFNT SBJTJOH QVCMJD BXBSFOFTT ย 1 SFQBSBUJPO GPS SFDPWFSZ F H DBQBDJUZ CVJMEJOH JO EBNBHF BTTFTTNFOU DBQBDJUZ CVJMEJOH JO NPSF SFTJMJFOU SFDPOTUSVDUJPO NFUIPET QSFQBSBUJPO GPS EJTQPTBM PG EFCSJT QSFQPTJUJPOJOH PG SFDPOTUSVDUJPO NBUFSJBMT

ย * EFOUJยนDBUJPO PG IB[BSE FWFOU XBSOJOH TJHOT F H FBSMZ XBSOJOH TZTUFN GPS DSJUJDBM BOE JNNJOFOU UISFBUT UP DPNNVOJUZ F H EBN GBJMVSF DIPMFSB PVUCSFBL

ย 1 SFQBSBUJPO GPS FNFSHFODZ SFTQPOTF UPXBSET JOUFOTJยนDBUJPO BOE PS FOMBSHFNFOU PG QSJNBSZ EJTBTUFS PS PG TFDPOEBSZ EJTBTUFS F H DBQBDJUZ CVJMEJOH PG TUBGG QSFQPTJUJPOJOH PG LFZ TVQQMJFT QSFQBSJOH DPNNVOJUZ TIFMUFST BOE USFBUNFOU DFOUSFT TFUUJOH VQ SFTJMJFOU DPNNVOJDBUJPO TZTUFNT SBJTJOH QVCMJD BXBSFOFTT ย 1 SFQBSBUJPO GPS SFDPWFSZ F H EBNBHF BTTFTTNFOU QMBOOJOH GPS SFDPOTUSVDUJPO UBLJOH JOUP BDDPVOU BOE SFNPWJOH QBTU WVMOFSBCJMJUJFT BDRVJTJUJPO PG SFDPOTUSVDUJPO NBUFSJBMT

PHASE

RECOVERY

GENERAL SCOPE OF ACTION SPECIFIC AIM AND EXAMPLES 3FEVDUJPO PG SJTL DBVTFE CZ TFSWJDF JOUFSWFOUJPO

ย " TTFTTJOH UIF UISFBUT UIBU UIF BDUJPO NBZ DSFBUF BOE BWPJEJOH SFEVDJOH UIF SJTLT BOE OFHBUJWF JNQBDUT UIF BDUJPO NBZ DSFBUF F H SFEVDF FOWJSPONFOUBM EFHSBEBUJPO SFEVDF CJPMPHJDBM DPOUBNJOBUJPO PG UIF IVNBO FOWJSPONFOU BEFRVBUF EJTQPTBM PG XBTUF BWPJE DPOTUSVDUJPOT UIBU BSF B QIZTJDBM UISFBU UP UIF QPQVMBUJPO PSHBOJTF USBGยนD MJOLFE UP TFSWJDF JOUFSWFOUJPO UP BWPJE BDDJEFOUT

.JUJHBUJPO QSFWFOUJPO

ย 3 JTL MJLFMJIPPE SFEVDUJPO F H JOTUBMMBUJPO PG EJLFT BOE MFWFFT TUPSNXBUFS ESBJOBHF TZTUFNT SFGPSFTUBUJPO PG IJMMT BU SJTL PG MBOETMJEF ย 3JTL DPOTFRVFODF SFEVDUJPO F H FOMBSHFNFOU ESBJOBHF DIBOOFMT SFGPSFTUBUJPO UP SFEVDF JOUFOTJUZ SVO PGG SBJTJOH QVCMJD BXBSFOFTT ย 3JTL BWPJEBODF QSPQFS MBOE VTF NBOBHFNFOU SFMPDBUJPO PG IPVTFIPMET BU SJTL ย 3JTL BDDFQUBODF BDDFQUBODF PG SJTL PG NFEJVN ยบPPEJOH BDDFQUBODF PG JODSFBTFE SJTL PG OPSNBMMZ OPO TFWFSF BOE OPO BDVUF JOGFDUJPVT EJTFBTF F H TDIJTUPTPNJBTJT DPOKVODUJWJUJT

ย 3JTL USBOTGFS TIBSJOH TQSFBEJOH F H MJWFMJIPPE EJWFSTJยนDBUJPO

1SFQBSFEOFTT

ย * EFOUJยนDBUJPO PG IB[BSE FWFOU XBSOJOH TJHOT F H FBSMZ XBSOJOH TZTUFN GPS NFEJVN TFWFSF BOE NFEJVN SBOHF UISFBUT UP DPNNVOJUZ F H MJHIU ยบPPEJOH JODSFBTFE MFWFMT PG OPO TFWFSF FQJEFNJD JOGFDUJPOT ย 1SFQBSBUJPO GPS FNFSHFODZ SFTQPOTF UPXBSET JOUFOTJยนDBUJPO BOE PS FOMBSHFNFOU PG QSJNBSZ EJTBTUFS PS PG TFDPOEBSZ EJTBTUFS F H EFWFMPQNFOU PG B DPOUJOHFODZ QMBO GPSNJOH FNFSHFODZ SFTQPOTF UFBNT DBQBDJUZ CVJMEJOH PG DJWJM QSPUFDUJPO TUBGG QSFQPTJUJPOJOH PG TVQQMJFT QSFQBSJOH BOE NBJOUBJOJOH DPNNVOJUZ TIFMUFST BOE USFBUNFOU DFOUSFT TFUUJOH VQ SFTJMJFOU DPNNVOJDBUJPO TZTUFNT SBJTJOH QVCMJD BXBSFOFTT ย 1SFQBSBUJPO GPS EFWFMPQNFOU QIBTF F H DBQBDJUZ CVJMEJOH JO EBNBHF BTTFTTNFOU DBQBDJUZ CVJMEJOH JO NPSF SFTJMJFOU SFDPOTUSVDUJPO BDRVJTJUJPO PG NBUFSJBMT OFFEFE UP EFWFMPQ TZTUFNT GVSUIFS

3FEVDUJPO PG SJTL DBVTFE CZ TFSWJDF JOUFSWFOUJPO

ย " TTFTTJOH UIF UISFBUT UIBU UIF BDUJPO NBZ DSFBUF BOE BWPJEJOH SFEVDJOH UIF SJTLT BOE OFHBUJWF JNQBDUT UIF BDUJPO NBZ DSFBUF F H BWPJE FOWJSPONFOUBM EFHSBEBUJPO BWPJE CJPMPHJDBM DPOUBNJOBUJPO PG UIF IVNBO FOWJSPONFOU QSPQFS EJTQPTBM PG XBTUF BWPJE DPOTUSVDUJPOT UIBU BSF B QIZTJDBM UISFBU UP UIF QPQVMBUJPO PSHBOJTF USBGยนD MJOLFE UP TFSWJDF JOUFSWFOUJPO UP BWPJE BDDJEFOUT

DRR AND WASH 19

DRR AND WASH SERVICES

4PNF TFDUPST BSF DSJUJDBM UP TVSWJWBM BOE UP UIF GVODUJPOJOH PG TPDJFUZ BOE JU JT DSVDJBM UIBU UIFTF TFDUPST SFNBJO GVODUJPOBM VOEFS BMM DPOEJUJPOT 8"4) JT POF PG UIFTF *OBEFRVBUF 8"4) TFSWJDFT DBO DBVTF EJTBTUFST BOE EJTBTUFST DBO GVSUIFS EFHSBEF 8"4) TFSWJDFT SFTVMUJOH JO JODSFBTFE EJTBTUFS SJTL *U JT UIFSFGPSF OFDFTTBSZ UP DPOTJEFS EJTBTUFS SJTL XIFO TFUUJOH VQ PS EFWFMPQJOH 8"4) TFSWJDFT XIFUIFS JO UIF FNFSHFODZ SFTQPOTF FBSMZ SFDPWFSZ PS EFWFMPQNFOU QIBTF *U JT BMTP FTTFOUJBM UIBU OFX WVMOFSBCJMJUJFT PS IB[BSET BSF OPU JOUSPEVDFE PS SFJOGPSDFE UISPVHI FYJTUJOH PS OFX 8"4) TFSWJDFT 'JHVSF TIPXT UXP BSFBT PG DPODFSO XIFSF 8"4) TFSWJDFT DBO SFMBUF UP EJTBTUFS SJTL %JTBTUFST DBO EJSFDUMZ EJTSVQU TFSWJDF MFWFMT PG 8"4) GBDJMJUJFT UP TPDJFUZ FYJTUJOH PS QBSU PG UIF FNFSHFODZ SFTQPOTF SFTVMUJOH JO JODSFBTFE SJTL 'PS FYBNQMF BO FBSUIRVBLF NBZ SVQUVSF XBUFS EJTUSJCVUJPO QJQFT BOE UIF XBUFS TVQQMJFE NBZ CFDPNF DPOUBNJOBUFE JODSFBTJOH UIF SJTL PG PVUCSFBL PG GBFDBM PSBM JOGFDUJPOT 5IJT XJMM CF UIF ยน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ยบPPEJOH PG DPNNVOJUJFT 5IJT HVJEFMJOF XJMM OPU HP UIJT GBS BOE UIF BQQSPBDI UBLFO IFSF XJMM CF UP NBLF 8"4) TZTUFNT SFTJMJFOU BHBJOTU OBUVSBM IB[BSE FWFOUT 5IF TFDPOE GPDVT XJMM CF PO FOTVSJOH UIBU 8"4) TFSWJDFT FJUIFS QSFWJPVTMZ FYJTUJOH PS DSFBUFE CZ UIF FNFSHFODZ SFTQPOTF EP OPU DSFBUF OFX TFDPOEBSZ EJTBTUFS SJTLT CZ DBVTJOH DPOEJUJPOT UIBU BSF GBWPVSBCMF UP EJTBTUFST 5IJT JODMVEFT SJTLT DSFBUFE CZ UIF ยฐOPSNBMยฑ GVODUJPOJOH PG UIF TZTUFN BT XFMM BT SJTLT HFOFSBUFE CZ FGGFDUT B EJTBTUFS NBZ IBWF IBE PO B 8"4) TZTUFN F H DPOUBNJOBUJPO PG UIF FOWJSPONFOU CZ TBOJUBSZ TUSVDUVSFT EVSJOH ยบPPEJOH %JTBTUFST DBO FBTJMZ EFTUSPZ PS EFHSBEF 8"4) TFSWJDFT XIJDI NBZ DSFBUF DPOEJUJPOT UIBU DBO MFBE UP GPMMPX VQ PS TFDPOEBSZ EJTBTUFST " DPNNVOJUZ EJTQMBDFE CFDBVTF PG ยบPPEJOH BOE MJWJOH JO DSPXEFE BOE VOIZHJFOJD DPOEJUJPOT NBZ CF BU SJTL BO PVUCSFBL PG DIPMFSB MPVTF CPSOF UZQIVT BOE PUIFS JOGFDUJPVT EJTFBTFT " EJTBTUFS UIBU EBNBHFE UIF XBUFS TVQQMZ VTFE GPS JSSJHBUJPO NBZ SFTVMU JO MPTT PG MJWFMJIPPE PQQPSUVOJUJFT JO UIF DPNNVOJUZ MFBEJOH UP QPPS GPPE TFDVSJUZ

'JHVSF %33 BOE 8"4) TFSWJDFT BQQSPBDI VTFE JO UIJT HVJEFMJOF %JTBTUFST BOE 8"4) TFSWJDFT BSF MJOLFE JO NBOZ XBZT 8"4) JT DSJUJDBM GPS UIF TVSWJWBM PG JOEJWJEVBMT TPDJFUZ BOE GPS UIF NBJOUFOBODF PG MJWFMJIPPET *U JT JNQPSUBOU IFSF UP LFFQ UIF CJH QJDUVSF JO NJOE *O BOZ BDUJPO UIF MJOLT XJUI PUIFS TFDUPST F H TIFMUFS GPPE TFDVSJUZ FOFSHZ IFBMUI TFSWJDFT IBWF UP CF DPOTJEFSFE BOE QSJPSJUZ HJWFO UP UIF TFDUPST UIBU DBO NBYJNJTF QPTJUJWF JNQBDUT PO TPDJFUZ

3.1 INTEGRATION OF DRR IN WASH IN THE DIFFERENT PHASES OF THE EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT CYCLE

5IF GPDVT PG %33 JO UIF EJGGFSFOU QIBTFT PG UIF 8"4) FNFSHFODZ NBOBHFNFOU DZDMF XJMM WBSZ FWFO UIPVHI UIF HFOFSBM BQQSPBDIFT J F NJUJHBUJPO BOE QSFQBSFEOFTT XJMM CF MBSHFMZ TJNJMBS BDSPTT QIBTFT #FDBVTF PG UIF OBUVSF BOE QSJPSJUJFT PG FNFSHFODJFT BOE MBDL PG UJNF BOE SFTPVSDFT JO UIF FNFSHFODZ QIBTF %33 XJMM CF MJNJUFE JO TDPQF *O SFMJFG UIF GPDVT XJMM CF PO DSJUJDBM TFSWJDFT FOTVSJOH VTFST IBWF BDDFTT UP FOPVHI DMFBO XBUFS GPS UIFJS TVSWJWBM OFFET %33 BDUJPOT XJMM CF MJNJUFE UP FTTFOUJBM FMFNFOUT F H TBGF MPDBUJPO PG FNFSHFODZ TZTUFN PS FOTVSJOH TVGยนDJFOU TUPDL BOE TBGF TUPSBHF PG XBUFS USFBUNFOU DIFNJDBMT 5IF UJNFTDBMF DPOTJEFSFE XJMM QSPCBCMZ CF OBSSPX SBOHJOH GSPN IPVST UP XFFLT *OUFHSBUJPO XJUI PUIFS TFDUPST BOE DSPTT DVUUJOH JTTVFT XJMM BMTP CF NPSF MJNJUFE *O UIF SFDPWFSZ QIBTF UIFSF JT B DFSUBJO TUBCJMJTBUJPO BOE UIF CPVOEBSJFT BSF FOMBSHFE 8IJMF UIF FMFNFOUT DPWFSFE JO SFMJFG SFNBJO JNQPSUBOU TFSWJDFT DPWFSFE XJMM CF FYUFOEFE UP MFTT DSJUJDBM CVU LFZ TFSWJDFT F H TPMJE XBTUF NBOBHFNFOU XIFSF QSFTFODF PG XBTUF NJHIU QPTF B SJTL UP QVCMJD IFBMUI %33 BDUJPOT XJMM CF MBSHFS JO TDPQF BOE XJMM BJN GPS IJHIFS MFWFMT PG SFTJMJFODF 5JNFTDBMF DPOTJEFSFE XJMM CF FYUFOEFE UP QPTTJCMZ NPOUIT PS FOUJSF TFBTPOT 5IF JOUFHSBUJPO XJUI PUIFS TFDUPST BOE DSPTT DVUUJOH JTTVFT XJMM BMTP CFDPNF NVDI TUSPOHFS

ย

20 DRR AND WASH

DRR AND WASH 21

3 * O UIF EFWFMPQNFOU QIBTF UIF FMFNFOUT PG UIF SFMJFG BOE SFDPWFSZ QIBTFT BSF DPWFSFE CVU JO BO FYQBOEFE GPSN "MM 8"4) TFSWJDFT BSF DPWFSFE JODMVEJOH OPO DSJUJDBM POFT F H TPMJE XBTUF NBOBHFNFOU XIFSF UIF QSFTFODF PG TPMJE XBTUF JT OPU DPOTJEFSFE B MBSHF QVCMJD IFBMUI PS TBGFUZ JTTVF %33 BDUJPOT XJMM CF DPNQSFIFOTJWF BOE XJMM BJN GPS B IJHI MFWFM PG SFTJMJFODF FTQFDJBMMZ GPS DSJUJDBM 8"4) TFSWJDFT 5JNFTDBMF DPOTJEFSFE XJMM CF MPOH NVMUJQMF ZFBST *OUFHSBUJPO XJUI PUIFS TFDUPST BOE DSPTT DVUUJOH JTTVFT XJMM CF TJHOJยนDBOU

3.1.1 TO REDUCE THE POTENTIAL IMPACT OF HAZARD EVENTS ON WASH SERVICES (I.E. MITIGATION)

1SFWFOUJPO NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT BJN UP BWPJE EBNBHF PS EJTSVQUJPO PG UIF 8"4) TFSWJDFT %JGGFSFOU BQQSPBDIFT DBO CF VTFE UP BDIJFWF UIJT 5IF ยนSTU BQQSPBDI JT UP SFEVDF UIF MJLFMJIPPE PG SJTL FWFOUT PDDVSSJOH )FSF NFBTVSFT BSF UBLFO UIBU XJMM SFEVDF UIF DIBODF UIBU B IB[BSE PDDVST PS UIBU JTPMBUF UIF IB[BSE FWFOU GSPN UIF 8"4) TZTUFN "O FYBNQMF JT B TUPSNXBUFS ESBJOBHF TZTUFN UIBU XJMM SFNPWF XBUFS GSPN BO BSFB JO B DPOUSPMMFE XBZ UIVT BWPJEJOH ยบPPEJOH 5IF TFDPOE BQQSPBDI JT UP SFEVDF UIF DPOTFRVFODFT PG SJTLT *U JT BTTVNFE UIF IB[BSE FWFOUT XJMM IBQQFO CVU NFBTVSFT BSF UBLFO UP MJNJU UIF EBNBHF EPOF "O FYBNQMF XPVME CF XIFSF TUSVDUVSFT BSF SFJOGPSDFE PS VQHSBEFE TP UIFZ CFDPNF NPSF SFTJTUBOU UP UIF FGGFDUT PG BO FBSUIRVBLF ยฌ JO UIJT DBTF JU JT MJLFMZ UIBU UIFSF XPVME TUJMM CF EBNBHF CVU JU XJMM CF NPSF MJNJUFE "OPUIFS FYBNQMF XPVME CF UP USBJO B OVNCFS PG QVNQ DBSFUBLFST JO B WJMMBHF TP UIBU JG POF PG UIFN JT OPU BCMF UP XPSL PUIFST DBO UBLF PWFS "O BMUFSOBUJWF BQQSPBDI JT SJTL BWPJEBODF )FSF UIF UISFBU JT SFNPWFE CZ BWPJEJOH FYQPTVSF "O FYBNQMF XPVME CF UP BWPJE UIF JOTUBMMBUJPO PG TUSVDUVSFT JO BSFBT BU SJTL PG ยบPPEJOH PS MBOETMJEFT

ย ย

ย

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

ย

'JHVSF 'PDVT PG %33 JO UIF EJGGFSFOU FNFSHFODZ NBOBHFNFOU DZDMF QIBTFT 5IFSF BSF TPNF BJNT PG 8"4) JOUFSWFOUJPOT UIBU BSF SFMFWBOU UP BMM QIBTFT PG UIF FNFSHFODZ NBOBHFNFOU DZDMF BOE UIFTF BSF QSFTFOUFE CFMPX 5IF BJNT PG %33 JO BMM UIF QIBTFT BSF 1. 5P SFEVDF UIF QPUFOUJBM JNQBDU PG IB[BSE FWFOUT PO 8"4) TFSWJDFT J F NJUJHBUJPO

2. 5P FOTVSF B SBQJE TFSWJDF MFWFM BOE TUSVDUVSBM SFDPWFSZ PG 8"4) TFSWJDFT BGUFS IB[BSE FWFOUT J F QSFQBSFEOFTT

3. "GUFS EBNBHF CZ IB[BSE FWFOUT UP FOTVSF UIBU UIF EFTJHO PG UIF TZTUFNT BEESFTTFT FBSMJFS WVMOFSBCJMJUJFT SFTVMUJOH JO NPSF SFTJMJFOU TFSWJDFT J F ยฐCVJME CBDL CFUUFSยฑ

5P FOTVSF UIBU 8"4) TFSWJDFT IBWF NJOJNBM OFHBUJWF FGGFDUT PO TPDJFUZ J F EP OP IBSN

5IFTF BJNT XJMM CF EJTDVTTFE CFMPX JO NPSF EFUBJM

22 DRR AND WASH

ย

5IF BQQMJDBUJPO PG TUBOEBSET BOE HFOFSBM HPPE QSBDUJDF GPS 8"4) TFSWJDFT FOTVSFT UIBU NBOZ NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT XJMM BMSFBEZ IBWF CFFO JNQMFNFOUFE 8IFSF UIFSF JT B SJTL BOE JU JT OPU DMFBS XIFUIFS BQQMJDBCMF TUBOEBSET XPVME CF BEFRVBUF BO JO EFQUI JOWFTUJHBUJPO PG EJTBTUFS SJTL XJMM BMNPTU DFSUBJOMZ CF OFFEFE 8IJMF 8"4) TQFDJBMJTUT XJMM PGUFO CF BCMF UP BEFRVBUFMZ BTTFTT BOE BOBMZ[F IB[BSET BOE WVMOFSBCJMJUJFT PG CBTJD TNBMM TDBMF DPNNVOJUZ CBTFE 8"4) TZTUFNT NPSF DPNQMFY TFSWJDFT MJLF B MBSHF VSCBO XBUFS USFBUNFOU QMBOU BU SJTL PG FBSUIRVBLF XJMM NPTU MJLFMZ OFFE TQFDJBMJTU BEWJDF

DRR AND WASH 23

3 &YBNQMFT PG NJUJHBUJPO BOE QSFQBSFEOFTT NFBTVSFT DBO CF GPVOE JO "OOFY .JUJHBUJPO BOE QSFQBSFEOFTT NFBTVSFT GPS 8"4) TZTUFNT "O JOUFSFTUJOH BQQSPBDI VTFE GPS XBUFS TVQQMZ TZTUFNT BSF 8BUFS 4BGFUZ 1MBOT #PY EFTDSJCFT UIF BQQSPBDI JO TVNNBSZ GPSN

#PY 8BUFS 4BGFUZ 1MBOT16 8BUFS 4BGFUZ QMBOT 841 BQQSPBDI XBUFS TVQQMZ TZTUFNT JO B TJNJMBS XBZ BT EFTDSJCFE JO UIJT HVJEFMJOF 5IF GPDVT PG NPTU SFTPVSDFT PO 8BUFS 4BGFUZ 1MBOT JT TQFDJmDBMMZ PO XBUFS RVBMJUZ 5IFSF BSF BMTP SFTPVSDFT UIBU UBLF B NPSF IPMJTUJD BQQSPBDI17 5IJT NBLFT TFOTF BT XBUFS RVBMJUZ JT POMZ POF PG UIF FMFNFOUT UIBU BGGFDU VTFST VTFS TBUJTGBDUJPO BOE IFBMUI "T NPTU SFTPVSDFT GPDVT PO XBUFS RVBMJUZ UIJT BQQSPBDI JT EJTDVTTFE IFSF 8BUFS 4BGFUZ 1MBOT DBO CF VTFE GPS XBUFS TVQQMZ PG BOZ TDBMF BOE DBO CF NBEF GPS FYJTUJOH BOE OFX TZTUFNT 5IF NBJO BJN PG B 841T JT UP NJOJNJTF BOE SFNPWF DPOUBNJOBUJPO FGGFDUJWFMZ UISPVHIPVU UIF FOUJSF QSPDFTT CFGPSF DPOTVNQUJPO PG UIF XBUFS " 8BUFS 4BGFUZ 1MBO DPOTJTUT PG UISFF FMFNFOUT t "O BTTFTTNFOU PG FWFSZ JOEJWJEVBM DPNQPOFOU JO UIF XBUFS TVQQMZ GSPN TPVSDF UP VTFS UP EFUFSNJOF XIFUIFS UIFSF JT B SJTL UP XBUFS RVBMJUZ

t " TZTUFN PG TZTUFNBUJD NPOJUPSJOH TQFDJmD QBSBNFUFST UP SBQJEMZ EFUFDU BOZ JTTVFT t 1SPDFTTFT UP DPSSFDU BOZ JTTVFT UIBU XPVME BSJTF NPOJUPSJOH PG UIF QMBO BOE SFQPSUJOH 5IF QMBO VTFT B TZTUFNBUJD BOE IPMJTUJD BQQSPBDI BOE XJMM OPSNBMMZ JOWPMWF BMM TUBLFIPMEFST UIBU QPUFOUJBMMZ IBWF BO JNQBDU PO XBUFS RVBMJUZ F H FOHJOFFST XBUFS NBOBHFST VTFST QVCMJD IFBMUI TQFDJBMJTUT 8BUFS 4BGFUZ 1MBOT BSF OPSNBMMZ UIF SFTVMU PG BO JO EFQUI TUVEZ JOWPMWJOH B MBSHF OVNCFS PG TUBLFIPMEFST BOE XJMM CF NBEF JO B TUBCMF TJUVBUJPO 5IF BTTFTTNFOU BOE BOBMZTJT JT NVDI NPSF DPNQSFIFOTJWF UIBO XPVME CF QPTTJCMF JO UIF FNFSHFODZ SFTQPOTF QIBTF BOE QPTTJCMZ FWFO JO B SFDPWFSZ QIBTF *O A3FGFSFODFT BOE GVSUIFS SFBEJOH SFTPVSDFT BSF JODMVEFE UIBU FYQMBJO UIF DPODFQU PG XBUFS TBGFUZ QMBOT BOE UIBU EFTDSJCF UIF BQQSPBDI UBLFO

3.1.2 TO ENSURE RAPID SERVICE LEVEL AND STRUCTURAL RECOVERY OF WASH SERVICES AFTER HAZARD EVENTS (I.E. PREPAREDNESS)

1SFQBSFEOFTT NFBTVSFT BJN UP JEFOUJGZ BQQSPBDIJOH QPUFOUJBM IB[BSE FWFOUT UP DPQF XJUI UIF JNNFEJBUF FGGFDUT PG BO FWFOU BOE UP SFDPWFS BT RVJDLMZ BOE FGGFDUJWFMZ BT QPTTJCMF GSPN UIF EBNBHF EPOF &NFSHFODZ QSFQBSFEOFTT NFBTVSFT JODMVEF 1. $ SFBUJOH BO &NFSHFODZ 1SFQBSFEOFTT 1MBO &11 5IJT QMBO EFTDSJCFT JO EFUBJM UIF TUSBUFHZ BOE PSHBOJTBUJPO PG EFBMJOH XJUI TQFDJยนD IB[BSE FWFOUT BOE IPX UP SFDPWFS GSPN UIF OFHBUJWF FGGFDUT PG BO FWFOU BOE XJMM JODMVEF SFTPVSDJOH NPOJUPSJOH BOE FWBMVBUJPO QSPDFTTFT "O FYBNQMF PG UIF DPOUFOUT PG BO &11 JT QSFTFOUFE JO #PY 'PS CBTJD TZTUFNT UIF QMBO DBO CF TJNQMFS XIFSFBT GPS DSJUJDBM TFSWJDFT BOE MBSHFS TZTUFNT DPNQSFIFOTJWF &11T TIPVME CF NBEF *O QMBOOJOH UIF SFTQPOTF UP UIF FNFSHFODZ JU JT JNQPSUBOU UP MJOL XJUI PUIFS TFSWJDFT BOE PSHBOJTBUJPOT UIBU IBWF

B SPMF UP QMBZ F H QVCMJD IFBMUI TFSWJDFT ยนSF EFQBSUNFOU 5IF TUSBUFHZ PG UIF QMBO XJMM IBWF UP CF BEBQUFE UP UIF SFBM DBQBDJUZ BOE DPNNJUNFOU PG FYUFSOBM CPEJFT UIBU XJMM CF JOWPMWFE JO UIF SFMJFG BOE SFDPWFSZ TUSBUFHZ "O &11 DBO CF NBEF GPS B TQFDJยนD 8"4) TFSWJDF BO PSHBOJ[BUJPO PS B XIPMF TPDJFUZ *G BO &11 JT NBEF GPS B TQFDJยนD 8"4) TFSWJDF JU TIPVME CF JO MJOF XJUI PUIFS QMBOT UIBU IBWF CFFO NBEF BOE BQQMZ MPDBMMZ F H NVOJDJQBM QMBOT " QMBO JT POMZ BT HPPE BT JUT BQQMJDBUJPO BOE UP CF FGGFDUJWF B DMFBS PSHBOJTBUJPOBM TUSVDUVSF DPNQFUFOU QFPQMF BEFRVBUF BTTFUT FGGFDUJWF QSPDFEVSFT BOE SFTPVSDFT BOE QPMJUJDBM TVQQPSU BOE DPNNJUNFOU XJMM BMM CF OFFEFE GPS UIF &11 UP GVODUJPO QSPQFSMZ 5IF &11 XJMM OFFE UP CF SFWJTFE SFHVMBSMZ TP JU SFNBJOT VQ UP EBUF

#PY 5IF &NFSHFODZ 1SFQBSFEOFTT 1MBO "O FYBNQMF PG UIF DPOUFOUT PG BO &11 GPS B 8"4) TZTUFN t %FTDSJQUJPO PG UIF 8"4) TZTUFN XJUI TQFDJBM BUUFOUJPO UP WJUBM FMFNFOUT JO UIF TZTUFN t 4DFOBSJPT GPS EJGGFSFOU IB[BSE FWFOUT EFTDSJCJOH IB[BSE DIBSBDUFSJTUJDT MPDBUJPO JOUFOTJUZ QSPCBCJMJUZ FBSMZ XBSOJOH TJHOT EVSBUJPO t 'PSFDBTUT PO IPX UIFTF FWFOUT XJMM BGGFDU UIF 8"4) TZTUFN t 'PSFDBTUT PG IPX QPTTJCMF EBNBHF UP UIF 8"4) TZTUFN XJMM BGGFDU UIF TFSWJDF MFWFMT PG users t %FTDSJQUJPO PG QPUFOUJBM OFX SJTLT PS DIBOHFT JO FYJTUJOH SJTLT UIBU DPVME EFWFMPQ GPMMPXJOH UIF TDFOBSJPT t %FTDSJQUJPO PG BJNT PG UIF DPOUJOHFODZ TUSBUFHJFT F H NBJOUBJO NJOJNVN TFSWJDF MFWFMT UP VTFST SBQJE SFDPWFSZ

t %FTDSJQUJPO PG DPOUJOHFODZ TUSBUFHJFT BOE UIFJS USJHHFST JODMVEFE XJMM BMTP CF BMUFSOBUJWF TUSBUFHJFT PO IPX UP NBJOUBJO NJOJNVN TFSWJDF MFWFMT BOE USJHHFST GPS XIFO UIFTF TUSBUFHJFT XJMM CF BDUJWBUFE t %FTDSJQUJPO PG NFBTVSFT UIBU DBO CF UBLFO UP SFEVDF UIF QSPCBCJMJUZ BOE PS JNQBDU PG IB[BSE FWFOUT J F NJUJHBUJPO BOE QSFQBSFEOFTT NFBTVSFT

t %FTDSJQUJPO PG SJTL NPOJUPSJOH TUSBUFHJFT F H FBSMZ XBSOJOH TZTUFN

t -JTUJOH FYQFDUFE UJNFTDBMFT PG EFWFMPQNFOU PG EJGGFSFOU TUSBUFHJFT

t - JTUJOH JOUFSOBM BOE FYUFSOBM TUBLFIPMEFST UIBU QMBZ B SPMF JO %33 BOE FNFSHFODZ SFTQPOTF XJUI DPOUBDUT XJUI UIFJS SPMFT SFTQPOTJCJMJUJFT BOE SFBM DBQBDJUJFT XJUI SFHBSE UP UIF 8"4) TZTUFN t )JFSBSDIZ QSPDFEVSFT BOE TZTUFNT UIBU XJMM CF BDUJWBUFE JO DBTF PG EJGGFSFOU TDFOBSJPT UIJT BMTP JODMVEFT DPNNVOJDBUJPO TUSBUFHZ F H OPUJmDBUJPO SFQPSUJOH BOE SFMFBTF PG CBDL VQ SFTPVSDFT t %FTDSJQUJPO PG BTTVNQUJPOT BOE SJTLT XJUI SFHBSET UP DPOUJOHFODZ TUSBUFHJFT t %FTDSJQUJPO PG QPTTJCMF MJBCJMJUZ JTTVFT F H MPTT UP QSJWBUF TFDUPS CFDBVTF PG TFSWJDF CSFBLEPXO BOE IPX UIFZ XJMM CF EFBMU XJUI t %FTDSJCF PUIFS FNFSHFODZ NBOBHFNFOU TZTUFNT QSFTFOU JO UIF UBSHFU BSFB BOE BTTFTTNFOU PG UIF QPUFOUJBM UP MJOL UP UIFTF t -JTUJOH PG EFEJDBUFE SFTPVSDFT GPS FNFSHFODZ SFTQPOTF BOE UIFJS MPDBUJPO F H TUPDLQJMFE NBUFSJBMT GPS FNFSHFODZ SFTQPOTF

t %FmOJUJPO PG SFTPVSDFT OFFEFE GPS NBJOUBJOJOH UIF DPOUJOHFODZ TUSBUFHJFT t %FmOJUJPO PG XIFSF SFTPVSDFT GPS TFU VQ BOE NBJOUFOBODF PG DPOUJOHFODZ TUSBUFHJFT XJMM CF PCUBJOFE t %FTDSJQUJPO PG NPOJUPSJOH BOE FWBMVBUJPO QSPDFTTFT t %FTDSJQUJPO PG QSPDFTT UP LFFQ UIF &11 VQ UP date

16 http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/dwq/GDW4revrev1and2.pdf 17 http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publication_9789241562638/en/index.html

24 DRR AND WASH

DRR AND WASH 25

3 2. % FWFMPQJOH BO PSHBOJ[BUJPOBM TUSVDUVSF UIBU DBO NBLF UIF FNFSHFODZ QSFQBSFEOFTT TUSBUFHZ XPSL 'PS TNBMM TDBMF TJNQMF 8"4) TZTUFNT UIJT TUSVDUVSF NBZ CF WFSZ CBTJD 'PS MBSHFS TZTUFNT UIJT TUSVDUVSF NBZ DPOTJTU PG UBTL GPSDFT UBLJOH PO FNFSHFODZ DPPSEJOBUJPO TFBSDI BOE SFTDVF ยน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ยนSTU BJE EFBMJOH XJUI DIFNJDBM XBTUF TFBSDI BOE SFTDVF &RVJQNFOU NVTU CF GBNJMJBS UP QPUFOUJBM VTFST BOE QSPDFEVSFT BOE QFSTPOBM TBGFUZ NFBTVSFT IBWF UP CF LOPXO #FTJEFT JOEJWJEVBM TLJMMT QFPQMF XJMM OFFE UP CFDPNF GBNJMJBS XJUI XPSLJOH JO B UFBN BOE XJUI UIF OFX SVMFT UIBU NBZ BQQMZ #VJMEJOH DBQBDJUZ BOE NBJOUBJOJOH JU XJMM OFFE SFHVMBS USBJOJOH BOE TJNVMBUJPO FYFSDJTFT .BLJOH NBUFSJBMT BOE JOGSBTUSVDUVSF BWBJMBCMF 4QFDJยนD NBUFSJBMT BSF OFFEFE GPS FNFSHFODZ SFTQPOTF 8IBU JT OFFEFE EFQFOET PO UIF TFSWJDF DPOUFYU BOE UZQF PG EJTBTUFS 4PNF FYBNQMFT PG NBUFSJBMT BOE JOGSBTUSVDUVSF UIBU NBZ CF OFFEFE JODMVEF CVJMEJOHT VTFE GPS TIFMUFS FNFSHFODZ XBUFS UBOLT DPOUBJOFST GPS IPVTFIPME XBUFS TUPSBHF NBUFSJBMT GPS EJTUSJCVUJPO PG XBUFS XBUFS EJTJOGFDUJPO DIFNJDBMT QVNQT HFOFSBUPST NFBOT PG USBOTQPSU GVFM TQBSF QBSUT DPNNVOJDBUJPO FRVJQNFOU TFDVSJUZ NBUFSJBMT DPOTUSVDUJPO NBUFSJBMT NFEJDBM TVQQMJFT BOE QMBDFT UP EJTQPTF PG XBTUF 5IF FYBDU OFFET JO JOGSBTUSVDUVSF BOE NBUFSJBMT TIPVME CF JEFOUJยนFE JO UIF DPOUJOHFODZ QMBO " ZFBSMZ CVEHFU IBT UP CF BMMPDBUFE GPS QSFQBSFEOFTT BOE DPOUJOHFODZ QMBOOJOH *U XJMM CF EJGยนDVMU UP PCUBJO GVOET GPS QSFQBSFEOFTT FTQFDJBMMZ JG EJTBTUFST BSF VOVTVBM OPU B QPMJUJDBM QSJPSJUZ PS JG SFTPVSDFT BSF TDBSDF -PCCZJOH BDUJWJUJFT NBZ CF OFFEFE UP SBJTF UIF BXBSFOFTT GPS UIJT 4 FUUJOH VQ BO &BSMZ 8BSOJOH 4ZTUFN &84 "O &84 DBO HJWF BEWBODF XBSOJOH PG JNNJOFOU UISFBUT BOE JU TIPVME USJHHFS NFBTVSFT UIBU XJMM SFEVDF UIF QPUFOUJBM JNQBDU PG BO FWFOU 5IFSF JT TJHOJยนDBOU WBMVF PG B HPPE &84 GPS TPDJFUZ BT B XIPMF BOE XIFSF QPTTJCMF TVDI BO &84 TIPVME CF TFU VQ 0O B NPSF MJNJUFE TDBMF B TNBMMFS TDBMF &84 NBZ CF BEFRVBUF GPS 8"4) TZTUFNT F H B CBTJD TZTUFN UIBU XBSOT BO PQFSBUPS JG UIFSF JT BO JNNJOFOU UISFBU PG ยบPPEJOH PG B XBUFS JOUBLF

3.1.3 TO ENSURE THE DESIGN OF THE SYSTEMS ADDRESSES EARLIER VULNERABILITIES

4FSWJDFT UIBU IBWF CFFO EBNBHFE JO EJTBTUFST BSF PGUFO SFCVJMU PS TFU VQ UP UIF TBNF TUBOEBSE BT CFGPSF UIF EJTBTUFS 5IJT VTVBMMZ NFBOT UIBU UIF TZTUFN JT BT WVMOFSBCMF BT JU XBT CFGPSF UIF FWFOU 5IFSFGPSF EVSJOH UIF SFIBCJMJUBUJPO PG TFSWJDFT UIF WVMOFSBCJMJUJFT UIBU MFE UP EBNBHF PS DPMMBQTF IBWF UP CF JEFOUJยนFE BOE UIF SFTJMJFODF PG UIF TFSWJDF IBT UP CF JNQSPWFE UP BWPJE UIF TBNF QSPCMFN GSPN PDDVSSJOH JG B OFX IB[BSE FWFOU XPVME PDDVS 5IJT JT UIF ยฐCVJME CBDL CFUUFSยฑ QSJODJQMF 0OF FYBNQMF DPVME CF UP SBJTF IBOEQVNQT PS XFMM IFBET TP UIBU UIFZ BSF DMFBS PG ยบPPEJOH TFF 'JHVSF 4PNFUJNFT EJTBTUFST BMTP HFOFSBUF OFX WVMOFSBCJMJUJFT UIBU XJMM IBWF UP CF DPOTJEFSFE

'JHVSF 3BJTFE IBOEQVNQ GPS nPPE QSPOF BSFBT

3.1.4 TO ENSURE WASH SERVICES HAVE MINIMAL NEGATIVE EFFECTS ON SOCIETY (I.E. DO NO HARM)

8"4) TFSWJDFT DBO IBWF B OFHBUJWF JNQBDU PO DPNNVOJUJFT CZ DBVTJOH EFHSBEBUJPO PG UIF FOWJSPONFOU DPOUBNJOBUJPO CZ QPTJOH B EJSFDU UISFBU F H DPMMBQTJOH TUSVDUVSFT PS CZ DBVTJOH JTTVFT MJLF EFHSBEBUJPO PG SPBET USBGยนD DPOHFTUJPO BOE OVJTBODF UISPVHI TNFMM PS OPJTF 5IF TFSWJDFT XJMM IBWF UP CF BTTFTTFE BHBJOTU UIF OFHBUJWF FGGFDUT UIFZ DPVME DBVTF BOE NFBTVSFT XJMM IBWF UP CF UBLFO UP NJOJNJTF JTTVFT 5IJT JT UIF ยฐEP OP IBSNยฑ QSJODJQMF .PSF JOGPSNBUJPO PO UIJT BOE QPUFOUJBM NFBTVSFT UIBU DBO CF UBLFO UP BWPJE PS DPOUSPM UIFTF BSF MJTUFE JO "OOFY 1PUFOUJBM OFHBUJWF FGGFDUT PG TNBMM TDBMF 8"4) TFSWJDFT PO TPDJFUZ

26 DRR AND WASH

DRR AND WASH 27

3 3.2 INTEGRATION OF DRR IN THE EMERGENCY RESPONSE PHASE

5IF FNFSHFODZ SFTQPOTF QIBTF JT UIF QFSJPE KVTU CFGPSF EVSJOH BOE BGUFS UIF IB[BSE FWFOU *G UIFSF JT B GPSFXBSOJOH PG BO BQQSPBDIJOH FWFOU UIF FNFSHFODZ SFTQPOTF NBZ TUBSU CFGPSF UIF FWFOU PDDVST 5IF QSJPSJUJFT JO UIJT QIBTF BSF BWPJEJOH MPTT PG MJGF BOE JOKVSZ MJNJUJOH EBNBHF UP BTTFUT BOE FOWJSPONFOU BOE QSFQBSBUJPO UP SFDPWFSZ 5IJT QIBTF XJMM MBTU VOUJM UIF TJUVBUJPO JT JO TPNF NFBTVSF TUBCJMJTFE NPSUBMJUZ CSPVHIU CBDL UP BO BDDFQUBCMF MFWFM JNNJOFOU UISFBUT DPOUSPMMFE BOE XIFSF SFDPWFSZ DBO TUBSU %FQFOEJOH PO UIF TJUVBUJPO UIF FNFSHFODZ SFTQPOTF QIBTF UZQJDBMMZ MBTU GSPN TPNF XFFLT UP TPNF NPOUIT 5IF BJNT PG %33 XJUI SFHBSE UP 8"4) JO UIF FNFSHFODZ QIBTF BSF 1. 5 P NBJOUBJO BEFRVBUF TFSWJDF MFWFMT UISPVHI UIF SFEVDUJPO PG UIF JNQBDU PG QPUFOUJBM IB[BSE FWFOUT PO FYJTUJOH 8"4) TFSWJDFT 2. 5P TFU VQ SFTJMJFOU FNFSHFODZ 8"4) TFSWJDFT 3. 5 P FOTVSF SBQJE TFSWJDF MFWFM BOE TUSVDUVSBM SFDPWFSZ PG 8"4) TFSWJDFT BGUFS IB[BSE FWFOUT 5P FOTVSF 8"4) TFSWJDFT IBWF NJOJNBM OFHBUJWF FGGFDUT PO TPDJFUZ J F EP OP IBSN

3.2.1 ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS IN THE EMERGENCY RESPONSE PHASE

" QSPQFS BTTFTTNFOU JT DSJUJDBM UP UIF TVDDFTT PG UIF BDUJPO 5JNF JT WFSZ MJNJUFE EVSJOH BO FNFSHFODZ SFTQPOTF BOE B CBMBODF IBT UP CF GPVOE CFUXFFO TJNQMJDJUZ SBQJEJUZ PO UIF POF IBOE BOE SFMJBCJMJUZ DPNQSFIFOTJWFOFTT PO UIF PUIFS *O UIF JOJUJBM TUBHFT PG UIF SFTQPOTF QIBTF UIF GPDVT XJMM CF PO DSJUJDBM 8"4) TFSWJDFT 8IBU UIFTF BSF XJMM EFQFOE PO UIF TJUVBUJPO "TTVSJOH UIBU QFPQMF IBWF BDDFTT UP UIFJS OFFET GPS TVSWJWBM JO XBUFS BOE IPVTFIPME XBUFS TUPSBHF JT BO PCWJPVT QSJPSJUZ 5IF TFDPOE QSJPSJUZ XPVME CF UP FOTVSF UIBU BOZ NBKPS UISFBUT UP QVCMJD IFBMUI BSF BEESFTTFE FYBNQMFT JODMVEF MJNJUJOH GBFDBM DPOUBNJOBUJPO PG UIF FOWJSPONFOU JODSFBTJOH XBUFS BWBJMBCJMJUZ BOE BDDFTT UP TPBQ PS DPOUSPM PG WFDUPST XIFSF WFDUPS CPSOF JOGFDUJPOT BSF B QPUFOUJBM JTTVF 5IF JOJUJBM BTTFTTNFOU XJMM OPSNBMMZ JEFOUJGZ UIF TQFDJยนD QSJPSJUJFT JO B HJWFO DPOUFYU 5IF FNFSHFODZ DPOUFYU JT BMNPTU BMXBZT DPNQMFY 3FTQPOTF UFBNT TVGGFS GSPN FYUSFNF XPSLMPBET BOE TUSFTT MFWFMT BSF VTVBMMZ IJHI TP TJNQMJDJUZ PG BQQSPBDI IBT BO BEEFE WBMVF "EEJOH OFX UPPMT PS QSPDFEVSFT TIPVME XIFSF QPTTJCMF CF BWPJEFE BOE UIF NPTU BEFRVBUF BQQSPBDI JT UP JOUFHSBUF %33 FMFNFOUT JOUP FYJTUJOH QSPDFEVSFT 8IBU GPMMPXT JT BO PWFSWJFX PG IPX %33 DBO CF JOUFHSBUFE JOUP 8"4) BDUJPOT JO FNFSHFODJFT CZ JODPSQPSBUJPO JOUP FYJTUJOH TZTUFNT

28 DRR AND WASH

ASSESSMENT IN HUMANITARIAN PHASE Who 8"4) TUBGG JOWPMWFE JO FNFSHFODZ SFTQPOTF 8IFO %VSJOH UIF DPNNVOJUZ CBTFMJOF BOE 8"4) OFFET BTTFTTNFOU 5IF BWBJMBCJMJUZ PG UJNF GPS QSPEVDJOH UIF SFTVMUT PG UIF BTTFTTNFOU JT MJNJUFE IPVST UP TPNF EBZT "O JO EFQUI BTTFTTNFOU JT OPU QPTTJCMF 5IF NBJO JTTVFT TIPVME CF SFMJBCMZ JEFOUJยนFE JO B TIPSU UJNF TQBO .PSF EFUBJM XJMM IBWF UP CF QSPHSFTTJWFMZ BEEFE

.FUIPEPMPHZ 5IF BTTFTTNFOU PG EJTBTUFS SJTL XJMM CF JOUFHSBUFE JO UIF DPNNVOJUZ CBTFMJOF BOE 8"4) OFFET BTTFTTNFOU 1PUFOUJBM NFUIPET BSF ย 4UVEZ PG TFDPOEBSZ EBUB ย 3BQJE UFDIOJDBM BOE PSHBOJTBUJPOBM BTTFTTNFOU PG 8"4) TFSWJDFT ย .FBTVSFNFOUT PO 8"4) TZTUFN ย %JSFDU PCTFSWBUJPO ย 3BQJE NBQQJOH ย 5SBOTFDU XBML ย 4FNJ TUSVDUVSFE JOUFSWJFXT 5IF BQQSPBDI TIPVME CF BT QBSUJDJQBUPSZ BT QPTTJCMF XJUIJO UIF MJNJUBUJPOT PG UIF TJUVBUJPO

Results 5IF BTTFTTNFOU BOE BOBMZTJT TIPVME QSPEVDF UIF GPMMPXJOH SFTVMUT ย " TVDDJODU PWFSWJFX PG IB[BSET UIBU NBZ JNQBDU DSJUJDBM 8"4) TFSWJDFT XJUI QPUFOUJBM TDFOBSJPT PG IPX UIFTF NBZ BGGFDU TFSWJDFT FYJTUJOH PS FNFSHFODZ

ย " DPODJTF PVUMJOF PG UIF TUBUF PG DSJUJDBM 8"4) TFSWJDFT FYJTUJOH PS FNFSHFODZ XJUI UIFJS WVMOFSBCJMJUZ UPXBSET IB[BSET ย " CSJFG SFWJFX PG EJTBTUFS SJTLT UIF 8"4) TFSWJDFT FYJTUJOH PS FNFSHFODZ NJHIU JOUSPEVDF JOUP DPNNVOJUJFT

"EEJUJPOBM RVFTUJPOT XJMM IBWF UP CF JOUFHSBUFE JOUP UIF FYJTUJOH DIFDLMJTUT TVDI BT UIPTF PVUMJOFE CFMPX "OOFY 5IF 8"4) 4FSWJDF 1FSGPSNBODF 'SBNFXPSL QSFTFOUT B GSBNFXPSL UIBU DBO CF VTFE UP BTTFTT 8"4) TFSWJDFT BOE NPSF JOGPSNBUJPO PO QPTTJCMF IBSN UP DPNNVOJUJFT DBO CF GPVOE JO "OOFY 1PUFOUJBM OFHBUJWF FGGFDUT PG TNBMM TDBMF 8"4) TFSWJDFT PO TPDJFUZ

DRR AND WASH 29

3 WASH SERVICES 8"4) TFSWJDFT ย 8IBU 8"4) TFSWJDFT BSF DSJUJDBM UP TVSWJWBM BOE PS QSFWFOUJPO PG NBKPS QVCMJD IFBMUI JTTVFT ย 8IBU 8"4) TFSWJDFT BSF FTTFOUJBM UP UIF DPOTFSWBUJPO PG MJWFMJIPPET )B[BSE BTTFTTNFOU ย "SF UIFSF IB[BSET UIBU NJHIU BGGFDU DSJUJDBM 8"4) TFSWJDFT ย 8IBU JT UIF QSPCBCJMJUZ UIBU B IB[BSE FWFOU XJMM PDDVS ย *G B IB[BSE FWFOU PDDVST XIBU JT UIF QPUFOUJBM JNQBDU PO DSJUJDBM TFSWJDFT *OTUJUVUJPOT BOE PSHBOJTBUJPOT ย 8IBU JOTUJUVUJPOT BOE PSHBOJTBUJPOT QMBZ B SPMF JO UIF FNFSHFODZ SFTQPOTF ย 8IBU SPMF TIPVME UIFTF JOTUJUVUJPOT BOE PSHBOJTBUJPOT QMBZ JO UIF FNFSHFODZ SFTQPOTF ย 8IBU TVQQPSU DBO SFBMJTUJDBMMZ CF FYQFDUFE GSPN UIFTF JOTUJUVUJPOT BOE PSHBOJTBUJPOT 'PS DSJUJDBM 8"4) TFSWJDFT ย 6TJOH 8"4) QFSGPSNBODF GSBNFXPSL GSPN "OOFY 5IF 8"4) 4FSWJDF 1FSGPSNBODF 'SBNFXPSL ย 8IBU LFZ FMFNFOUT IBWF CFFO BGGFDUFE JO UIF EJTBTUFS ย 8IBU JT UIF JNQBDU PO UIF GVODUJPOJOH PG UIF TFSWJDF ย "SF UIFSF PCWJPVT FMFNFOUT UIBU GVODUJPOFE QPPSMZ CFGPSF UIF EJTBTUFS ย 8IBU JT UIF JNQBDU PO UIF GVODUJPOJOH PG UIF TFSWJDF ย )PX IBT UIF EJTBTUFS BGGFDUFE UIF TFSWJDF MFWFM PG VTFST BSF TQFDJยนD HSPVQT QBSUJDVMBSMZ IJU ย 6TJOH UIF GSBNFXPSL GSPN "OOFY .JUJHBUJPO BOE QSFQBSFEOFTT NFBTVSFT GPS 8"4) TZTUFNT ย "SF UIFSF NFBTVSFT UIBU DBO SFBMJTUJDBMMZ CF UBLFO XJUIJO B TPNF EBZT BOE C TPNF XFFLT UP JNQSPWF TFSWJDF MFWFM J F RVBMJUZ RVBOUJUZ BOE SFMJBCJMJUZ PG FYJTUJOH TFSWJDFT BT XFMM BT PO QPUFOUJBM FNFSHFODZ TFSWJDFT 'PS BMM FYJTUJOH 8"4) TFSWJDFT ย "SF UIFSF BOZ FMFNFOUT PG UIF TFSWJDFT UIBU OFHBUJWFMZ BGGFDU DPNNVOJUJFT BSF TQFDJยนD HSPVQT QBSUJDVMBSMZ IJU ย "SF UIFSF NFBTVSFT UIBU DBO SFBMJTUJDBMMZ CF UBLFO XJUIJO B TPNF EBZT BOE C TPNF XFFLT UP SFEVDF UIF OFHBUJWF FGGFDUT 'PS FNFSHFODZ 8"4) TFSWJDFT CFJOH TFU VQ ย "SF UIFSF BOZ FMFNFOUT PG UIF FNFSHFODZ TFSWJDFT UIBU DPVME OFHBUJWFMZ BGGFDU DPNNVOJUJFT XPVME TQFDJยนD HSPVQT CF QBSUJDVMBSMZ IJU ย 8IBU NFBTVSFT IBWF UP CF UBLFO UP FMJNJOBUF PS SFEVDF UIF OFHBUJWF FGGFDUT UP BDDFQUBCMF MFWFMT

4PNF CBTJD IB[BSE NBQT JOEJDBUJOH BSFBT NPTU BU SJTL PS BEEJUJPOBM TVQQPSUJOH NBUFSJBM F H QIPUPT TJUVBUJPO TLFUDIFT QSPDFTT EJBHSBNT DPVME CF BEEFE JG SFMFWBOU 5IF EJTBTUFS SJTL JO UIF UBSHFU BSFB XJMM OPU SFNBJO DPOTUBOU PWFS UJNF 5IF JOJUJBM BTTFTTNFOU DBOOPU CF WFSZ UIPSPVHI BOE PWFS UJNF B CFUUFS VOEFSTUBOEJOH PG UIF EJTBTUFS SJTL TJUVBUJPO XJMM CF OFFEFE "TTFTTNFOUT BOE BOBMZTJT PO 8"4) XJMM CF DPOUJOVPVT JO UIF IVNBOJUBSJBO QIBTF BOE UIFTF JOJUJBUJWFT TIPVME CF VTFE UP DPOUJOVF UP PCUBJO NPSF EFUBJM PG EJTBTUFS SJTL JO SFMBUJPO UP UIF 8"4) TFSWJDFT %FQFOEJOH PO UIF BEWBODF PG UIF FNFSHFODZ BOE UIF DPOUFYU UIF BQQSPBDI TIPVME FWPMWF UPXBSET UIF NFUIPEPMPHZ EFTDSJCFE VOEFS %33 JO UIF 8"4) SFDPWFSZ QIBTF 5IF SFTVMUT PG UIF BTTFTTNFOU OFFE UP CF BOBMZ[FE BOE JODPSQPSBUFE JOUP BDUJPO QMBOOJOH

30 DRR AND WASH

3.2.2 ACTION PLANNING IN THE EMERGENCY RESPONSE PHASE

8JUI UIF SFTVMUT PG UIF BTTFTTNFOUT DPNNVOJUZ CBTFMJOF 8"4) OFFET BOE EJTBTUFS SJTL BTTFTTNFOU BOE UIF BOBMZTJT PG UIFTF SFTVMUT BO BDUJPO QMBO XJMM CF NBEF 5IJT QMBO XJMM GPDVT PO SFTUPSJOH NBJOUBJOJOH DSJUJDBM 8"4) TFSWJDF MFWFMT 5IF QMBO TIPVME BMTP FOTVSF UIBU 8"4) TFSWJDFT CPUI FYJTUJOH BOE FNFSHFODZ TFSWJDFT XJMM OPU SFTVMU JO BEEJUJPOBM EJTBTUFS SJTL "DUJPO QMBOOJOH TIPVME CF BT QBSUJDJQBUPSZ BT JT QSBDUJDBMMZ QPTTJCMF JOWPMWJOH UIF NPTU WVMOFSBCMF BOE TIPVME BT NVDI BT QPTTJCMF QSPUFDU BOE CVJME VQPO FYJTUJOH CFOFยนDJBM PSHBOJTBUJPOBM TUSVDUVSFT .BOZ NFBTVSFT DBO CF UBLFO UP SFEVDF UIF SJTL PG EJTBTUFS JO UIF FNFSHFODZ SFTQPOTF QIBTF " DPNQMFUF MJTUJOH PG NFBTVSFT UIBU DBO CF UBLFO JT QSFTFOUFE JO "OOFY .JUJHBUJPO BOE QSFQBSFEOFTT NFBTVSFT GPS 8"4) TZTUFNT 8IJMF UIF GPDVT PG UIFTF BOOFYFT JT PO UIF SFDPWFSZ BOE EFWFMPQNFOU QIBTFT NBOZ NFBTVSFT BSF BMTP BQQMJDBCMF PS DBO CF BEBQUFE UP UIF FNFSHFODZ QIBTF

SERVICE TYPES

EXAMPLES OF MEASURES

&YJTUJOH *OGSBTUSVDUVSF TFSWJDFT ย 4 USFOHUIFOJOH JOGSBTUSVDUVSF F H CSBDJOH TUSVDUVSFT UP BWPJE DPMMBQTF DIBOHF QPPS

RVBMJUZ PS XPSO PVU QBSUT GPS HPPE RVBMJUZ OFX POFT CVJME TBOECBH XBMM UP QSPUFDU TNBMM TMPQF GSPN FSPTJPO DPMMBQTF QSPUFDU JOUBLFT

ย # VJME TUSVDUVSFT PS TZTUFNT UIBU XJMM SFEVDF UIF JNQBDU PG QPTTJCMF IB[BSE FWFOUT PO 8"4) DPNQPOFOUT F H HBCJPO TZTUFNT UP SFEVDF FOFSHZ PG XBUFS JOTUBMMJOH ยนSF CSFBLT

ย # VJME JO TUSVDUVSBM SFEVOEBODZ F H JOTUBMM B TFDPOE XBUFS JOUBLF PSHBOJTF BDDFTT UP BMUFSOBUJWF XPSLTIPQT

)VNBO SFTPVSDFT ย 4 UBGG DBQBDJUZ CVJMEJOH F H USBJOJOH TUBGG JO EBNBHF BTTFTTNFOU BOE SFQBJS FOTVSF SFEVOEBODZ JO TUBGG J F TFWFSBM QFSTPOT IBWF UIF TBNF TLJMMT USBJO TUBGG JO TBGFUZ BOE TFDVSJUZ

.BUFSJBMT ย $ SFBUF QSFQBSF SFEVOEBODZ F H QSFQPTJUJPOJOH PG CBDL VQ HFOFSBUPS EJFTFM NPUPS QVNQ FOTVSF TQBSF DBQBDJUZ JO USBOTQPSU

ย * ODSFBTF BVUPOPNZ F H QSFQPTJUJPOJOH PG TQBSFT DPOTVNBCMFT UPPMT BU UIF QMBDF XIFSF UIFZ XJMM CF OFFEFE QSFQPTJUJPO NBUFSJBMT OFFEFE GPS QPTTJCMF SFQBJS FOTVSF BEFRVBUF TUPDLT PG TQBSFT BOE DPOTVNBCMFT BSF QSFTFOU

ย & OTVSF NBUFSJBMT BOE FRVJQNFOU BSF QSPUFDUFE F H BHBJOTU ยบPPEJOH IJHI XJOE IJHI UFNQFSBUVSFT ยนSF UIFGU 0SHBOJTBUJPO ย 1 VU JO QMBDF B SFMJBCMF BOE BQQSPQSJBUF TZTUFN PG NPOJUPSJOH PG TFSWJDF MFWFM RVBMJUZ BOE FOTVSF UIFSF JT DBQBDJUZ UP JOUFSWFOF JG TUBOEBSET BSF OPU NFU ย 4 FU VQ TZTUFNT UIBU GBDJMJUBUF GVODUJPOJOH F H QSPDFEVSFT GPS SFMFBTF PG NBUFSJBMT EJSFDU DPNNVOJDBUJPO QSPDFEVSFT

ย 4 FUUJOH VQ FNFSHFODZ FBSMZ XBSOJOH TZTUFNT GPS DSJUJDBM BOE JNNJOFOU UISFBUT F H EBN GBJMVSF

*OQVUT ย 8 PSL PVU B XBZ UP EFBM XJUI JODSFBTFE FYQFOTFT BOE QPTTJCMF SFEVDFE JODPNF F H BHSFFNFOU XJUI NVOJDJQBMJUZ

ย 1 SFQBSF GPS DIBOHFT JO XBUFS RVBMJUZ F H JEFOUJGZ QPTTJCMF JTTVFT JO XBUFS RVBMJUZ JOTUBMM TVQQMFNFOUBSZ SFTFSWPJST UIBU DBO CF VTFE GPS BTTJTUFE TFEJNFOUBUJPO PS DIMPSJOBUJPO

ย 1 SFQBSF GPS SFEVDFE BWBJMBCJMJUZ PG XBUFS F H QSFQBSF BDDFTT UP BMUFSOBUJWF XBUFS TPVSDFT

ย & OTVSF TFDVSJUZ JO TVQQMZ PG DSJUJDBM DPOTVNBCMFT TQBSF QBSUT BOE FRVJQNFOU F H UISPVHI DPOUSBDUT XJUI TVQQMJFST JODSFBTJOH TUPDL MFWFMT

DRR AND WASH 31

3 SERVICE TYPES

EXAMPLES OF MEASURES Users ย 1SFQBSF GPS DIBOHF JO EFNBOE F H JODSFBTFE EFNBOE CFDBVTF PG ยนSFยนHIUJOH EFNBOE BU EJGGFSFOU MPDBUJPO CFDBVTF PG QPQVMBUJPO EJTQMBDFNFOU

ย 1SFQBSF GPS DIBOHF JO BUUJUVEF PG VTFST F H TUSFOHUIFO UJFT XJUI USBEJUJPOBM QPXFS TUSVDUVSFT DPNNVOJDBUJPO DBNQBJHO EJSFDUFE UPXBSE VTFST

&YUFSOBM JOGSBTUSVDUVSF TFSWJDF QSPWJEFST ย "WPJE EFQFOEFODF PO TQFDJยนD TVQQMJFS F H JEFOUJGZ BMUFSOBUJWF TVQQMJFST PCUBJO RVPUFT

ย 4FDVSF SFOUT PS MPBOT F H FOTVSF DPOUSBDUT UIBU IBWF MPDBM WBMVF MPPL GPS BMUFSOBUJWFT

ย 3FEVDF EFQFOEFODF PO TFSWJDFT UIBU NJHIU CF WVMOFSBCMF F H FOTVSF CBDL VQ FOFSHZ UISPVHI HFOFSBUPST TFU VQ BMUFSOBUJWF DPNNVOJDBUJPO UISPVHI 7)' TZTUFN

ย "WPJE EFQFOEFODF PO TQFDJยนD FYUFSOBM TQFDJBMJTUT JG MPZBMUZ NJHIU CF BO JTTVF F H MPPL GPS BMUFSOBUJWF TQFDJBMJTUT PCUBJO RVPUFT

Other ย "EBQU UP DIBOHJOH DPOUFYU F H QSPWJEF QSPUFDUJPO UP TUBGG

&NFSHFODZ WASH TFSWJDFT NBZ CF QBSUMZ JOUFHSBUFE JOUP FYJTUJOH TZTUFNT

.BOZ NFBTVSFT NFOUJPOFE BCPWF BSF BMTP BQQMJDBCMF UP FNFSHFODZ 8"4) TFSWJDFT TPNF BEEJUJPOBM NFBTVSFT BSF NFOUJPOFE *OGSBTUSVDUVSF NBUFSJBMT ย &OTVSF TBGF MPDBUJPO F H BSFBT BCPWF UIF FYQFDUFE ยบPPEMJOF BXBZ GSPN CVJMEJOHT PS TUSVDUVSFT BU SJTL PG DPMMBQTF JO BSFBT TBGF GSPN MBOETMJEF

ย 6TF RVBMJUZ TUSVDUVSFT BOE NBUFSJBMT UIBU IBWF B IJHI SFTJTUBODF UP IB[BSE FWFOUT UIBU NJHIU PDDVS ย %FTJHO TZTUFNT TP UIFZ IBWF CVJMU JO SFEVOEBODZ F H TFWFSBM QBSBMMFM SFTFSWPJS TZTUFNT UIBU BMMPX JOEJWJEVBM SFTFSWPJST UP CF JTPMBUFE GSPN UIF TZTUFN CBDL VQ FRVJQNFOU MJLF HFOFSBUPST BOE NPUPSQVNQT BSF JO QMBDF DPOOFDUJPO UP TFDPOE CPSFIPMF JOTUBMMBUJPO PG TFDPOE XBUFS JOUBLF

)VNBO SFTPVSDFT ย 4UBGG DBQBDJUZ CVJMEJOH F H USBJOJOH TUBGG JO QSPQFS VTF PG TZTUFNT

0SHBOJTBUJPO ย 4FU VQ BOE NBJOUBJO TZTUFNT BEBQUFE UP FYJTUJOH TFSWJDFT PSHBOJTBUJPO BOE DPOUFYU *OQVUT ย 1SFQBSF UIF TZTUFN GPS QPTTJCMF DIBOHFT JO XBUFS RVBMJUZ F H CVJME JO FYUSB DBQBDJUZ JO BTTJTUFE TFEJNFOUBUJPO TZTUFN

ย #VJME UIF TZTUFN UP SFEVDF UIF OFFET GPS DPOTVNBCMFT UIBU NJHIU CF EJGยนDVMU BOE FYQFOTJWF UP PCUBJO F H JG BEFRVBUF JOTUBMM SPVHIJOH ยนMUFS TZTUFN JOTUFBE PG BTTJTUFE TFEJNFOUBUJPO XIFSF QPTTJCMF VTF HSBWJUZ JOTUFBE PG QVNQJOH

Users ย "EBQU TFSWJDF UP UIF OFFET PG VTFST F H FOTVSF TUSVDUVSFT BSF BEBQUFE UP MPDBM DVTUPNT BOE QSFGFSFODFT FOTVSF NJOJNVN DIMPSJOF MFWFMT

&YUFSOBM JOGSBTUSVDUVSF TFSWJDF QSPWJEFST ย "WPJE EFQFOEFODF XJUI SFHBSET UP TQFDJยนD TVQQMJFST TFSWJDFT PS TQFDJBMJTUT F H VTF TZTUFNT UIBU IBWF MPX OFFE GPS FYUFSOBM TVQQMJFT TFSWJDFT PS TQFDJBMJTUT

32 DRR AND WASH

8IFO QMBOOJOH MPHJDBM GSBNFXPSLT JU JT VOMJLFMZ UIBU UIF PCKFDUJWFT PG IVNBOJUBSJBO BJE BDUJPOT XPVME CF FYQMJDJUMZ GPDVTTFE PO UIF SFEVDUJPO PG EJTBTUFS SJTL 5IF EJTBTUFS SJTL SFEVDUJPO DPNQPOFOU TIPVME QSFGFSBCMZ CF JOUFHSBUFE JOUP BO PCKFDUJWF UIBU IBT B EJGGFSFOU GPDVT F H B IFBMUI SFMBUFE PCKFDUJWF )PXFWFS VOEFS ยฐSFTVMUTยฑ PS ยฐFYQFDUFE PVUDPNFTยฑ PG UIF MPHJDBM GSBNFXPSL EJTBTUFS SJTL DBO CF JOUFHSBUFE JO TQFDJยนD MJOFT #FMPX JT BO FYBNQMF PG B QBSU PG B MPHJDBM GSBNFXPSL UIBU XPVME JOUFHSBUF %33 JO B 8"4) BDUJPO JO FNFSHFODZ SFTQPOTF 5IF FYBNQMF TIPXT UIBU %33 JOUFHSBUFT FBTJMZ JOUP FYJTUJOH 8"4) QSPHSBNNJOH BOE UIBU UP B MBSHF FYUFOU JU JT BMSFBEZ JOUFHSBUFE JOUP TUBOEBSE 8"4) BDUJPOT 8IBU JT OFX JT UIF JOUFHSBUJPO PG B GVUVSF QFSTQFDUJWF PO QPUFOUJBM IB[BSE FWFOUT *O UIJT FYBNQMF ยบPPEJOH JO BO BSFB IBT DBVTFE EBNBHF BOE DPOUBNJOBUJPO PG FYJTUJOH CPSFIPMFT BOE UIFSF JT B SJTL PG PVUCSFBL PG GBFDBM PSBM JOGFDUJPOT %33 FMFNFOUT BSF JO CMBDL

OVERALL GOAL

INDICATORS

1VSQPTF 3JTL PG EJTFBTF USBOTNJTTJPO JO DPNNVOJUZ Y JT SFEVDFE UISPVHI JOTUBMMBUJPO BOE NBJOUFOBODF PG FGGFDUJWF BOE SFTJMJFOU XBUFS TVQQMZ FYDSFUB EJTQPTBM BOE IZHJFOF QSPNPUJPO TZTUFNT

*OEJDBUPST ย 4 QIFSF TUBOEBSET IBWF CFFO NFU GPS SFMFWBOU TFSWJDFT UISPVHIPVU UIF QFSJPE Y ย 4 FSWJDFT IBWF BEFRVBUFMZ CFFO NBJOUBJOFE GPS PG UIF UJNF UISPVHIPVU UIF QFSJPE Y ย ยฅ

Results: 1. &YJTUJOH XBUFS TVQQMZ TZTUFNT BSF SFIBCJMJUBUFE BOE BCMF UP XJUITUBOE TIPSU UFSN ยบPPEJOH BT DBVTFE CZ ยบPPET PWFS UIF QFSJPE Y 2. ยฅ

*OEJDBUPST ย ยฅ ย * OTUBMMBUJPO TUBOEBSET GPS CPSFIPMFT BMMPX GPS TIPSU UFSN ยบPPEJOH BT DBVTFE CZ FBSMJFS ยบPPET XJUIPVU EFHSBEBUJPO PS DPOUBNJOBUJPO PG UIF TZTUFN

"DUJWJUJFT 1.1 $MFBS CPSFIPMF PG TFEJNFOUT BOE SFEFWFMPQ 1.2 3FTFBM UPQ PG CPSFIPMF XJUI DMBZ TBOJUBSZ TFBM 1.3 3FQBJS PS JOTUBMM ESBJOBHF BQSPO IFBEXBMM ESBJOBHF TZTUFN BOE GFODJOH %JTJOGFDUJPO PG CPSFIPMF *OTUBMM XFMMIFBE UIBU FYDMVEFT XBUFS XIFO ยบPPEFE ยฅ

*OQVUT ย ยฅ

*U JT BTTVNFE UIBU QPTTJCMF OFHBUJWF FGGFDUT BOE SJTLT 8"4) BDUJPOT DPVME CSJOH IBWF CFFO DPOTJEFSFE JO BDUJPO QMBOOJOH BOE UIFTF BSF OPU JODMVEFE JO UIF MPHJDBM GSBNFXPSL

3.3 INTEGRATION OF DRR IN THE RECOVERY AND DEVELOPMENT PHASES

3FDPWFSZ TUBSUT JO UIF FNFSHFODZ SFTQPOTF QIBTF BGUFS TPNF TUBCJMJTBUJPO IBT CFFO SFBDIFE 5IF VODFSUBJOUZ UIBU VTVBMMZ TVSSPVOET FNFSHFODJFT NBLFT JU EJGยนDVMU UP EFยนOF XIFO SFDPWFSZ CFHJOT *U JT BMTP EJGยนDVMU UP LOPX FYBDUMZ XIFO SFDPWFSZ FOET .BOZ TPDJFUJFT BSF DPOTUBOUMZ BGGFDUFE CZ IB[BSE FWFOUT BOE FYJTU BMNPTU DPOUJOVPVTMZ JO UIF FNFSHFODZ SFTQPOTF SFDPWFSZ QIBTF 5IF SFDPWFSZ QIBTF JT GPS SFCVJMEJOH UIF MJWFMJIPPET BOE TFSWJDFT PG DPNNVOJUJFT UP B QSF EJTBTUFS MFWFM BOE GPSNT B QSFQBSBUPSZ CBTJT GPS UIF EFWFMPQNFOU QIBTF UIBU GPMMPXT

DRR AND WASH 33

3 *O UIF EFWFMPQNFOU QIBTF DPOEJUJPOT JO B TPDJFUZ BSF SFMBUJWFMZ Â°TUBCMFÂ± PS JNQSPWJOH F H SFMBUJOH UP TFDVSJUZ MJWFMJIPPET BOE HPWFSOBODF *O HFOFSBM UIF QSJPSJUJFT JO UIF EFWFMPQNFOU QIBTF BSF TVTUBJOBCMF HSPXUI PS BMUFSOBUJWFMZ DPOTPMJEBUJPO PG UIF HSPXUI UIBU IBT CFFO BDIJFWFE 5IF BJNT PG %33 GPS CPUI UIF SFDPWFSZ BOE EFWFMPQNFOU QIBTFT BSF 1. 5P SFEVDF UIF QPUFOUJBM JNQBDU PG IB[BSE FWFOUT PO 8"4) TFSWJDFT J F NJUJHBUJPO 2. 5 P QSFQBSF GPS UIF SBQJE SFDPWFSZ PG UIF TFSWJDF MFWFM PG 8"4) TFSWJDFT BGUFS IB[BSE FWFOUT J F QSFQBSFEOFTT 3. " GUFS EBNBHF CZ IB[BSE FWFOUT FOTVSF UIF EFTJHO PG UIF OFX PS BEBQUFE TZTUFNT BEESFTTFT FBSMJFS WVMOFSBCJMJUJFT J F Â°CVJME CBDL CFUUFSÂ± 5P FOTVSF 8"4) TFSWJDFT IBWF NJOJNBM OFHBUJWF FGGFDUT PO TPDJFUZ J F EP OP IBSN

3.3.1 ASSESSMENT, ANALYSIS AND ACTION PLANNING IN THE RECOVERY AND DEVELOPMENT PHASES BASED ON A WORKED EXAMPLE

*O PSEFS UP WJTVBMJTF UIJT QSPDFTT B DPNQSFIFOTJWF FYBNQMF PG JOUFHSBUJOH %33 JO 8"4) JO B Â¹DUJPOBM WJMMBHF Â®-B &TQFSBO[BÂ¯ JT QSFTFOUFE 5IJT FYBNQMF MPPLT BU BMM QBSUT PG UIF QSPDFTT GSPN BTTFTTNFOU UISPVHI UP BDUJPO QMBOOJOH 5IF TUFQT JO UIF QSPDFTT BSF JMMVTUSBUFE JO 'JHVSF *O UIJT FYBNQMF FYJTUJOH TZTUFNT BSF MPPLFE BU UIF TBNF BQQSPBDI DBO CF UBLFO XIFO OFX TZTUFNT BSF EFTJHOFE .FUIPET VTFE GPS IB[BSE BTTFTTNFOUT DBO JODMVEF JOUFSWJFXT GPDVT HSPVQ EJTDVTTJPOT USBOTFDU XBMLT BOE EJSFDU PCTFSWBUJPO TFBTPOBM DBMFOEBS IJTUPSJDBM QSPÂ¹MF BOE PSHBOJ[BUJPOBM BOBMZTJT *O UIJT FYBNQMF UIF NFUIPET VTFE GPS BTTFTTJOH EJTBTUFS SJTL XFSF *OUFSWJFXT XJUI DPNNVOJUZ MFBEFST TFWFSBM DPNNVOJUZ NFNCFST BVUIPSJUJFT BOE B SFTFBSDI JOTUJUVUF %JSFDU PCTFSWBUJPO PG UIF BSFB BOE UIF 8"4) TFSWJDFT 'PDVT HSPVQ EJTDVTTJPOT .BQQJOH FYFSDJTFT 4FBTPOBM DBMFOEBS )JTUPSJDBM QSPÂ¹MF

5IF BTTFTTNFOU JO UIF SFDPWFSZ QIBTF JT NVDI NPSF UIPSPVHI UIBO UIF POF EVSJOH FNFSHFODZ SFTQPOTF BOE UIF QFSTPOT EPJOH UIF BTTFTTNFOU XJMM IBWF UP CF NPSF GBNJMJBS XJUI UIF %33 NFUIPEPMPHZ

ASSESSMENT IN RECOVERY AND DEVELOPMENT PHASES Who

8"4) TUBGG XJUI FYQFSJFODF JO %JTBTUFS 3JTL "TTFTTNFOU "T UIF QSPDFTT XJMM HSBEVBMMZ CFDPNF NPSF UFDIOJDBM BOE QBSUJDJQBUPSZ EFQFOEJOH PO UIF 8"4) TFSWJDF JOWPMWJOH DPNNVOJUZ TUBGG GSPN TFSWJDF QSPWJEFS BVUIPSJUJFT QFSTPOT XJUI SFMFWBOU TLJMMT XJMM IBWF UP CF JOWPMWFE JO UIF BTTFTTNFOU

8IFO

%JTBTUFS 3JTL "TTFTTNFOUT XJMM IBWF UP CF DBSSJFE PVU BT TPPO BT QPTTJCMF JO UIF SFTQPOTF QIBTF %JTBTUFS SJTL XJMM IBWF UP CF NPOJUPSFE SFHVMBSMZ UP CF BCMF UP BEESFTT JTTVFT UIBU FNFSHF

.FUIPEPMPHZ

1PUFOUJBM NFUIPET BSF

Results

5IF BTTFTTNFOU BOE BOBMZTJT TIPVME QSPEVDF UIF GPMMPXJOH SFTVMUT

34 DRR AND WASH

Â&#x2026; 4UVEZ PG TFDPOEBSZ EBUB Â&#x2026; 5FDIOJDBM BTTFTTNFOUT TJUF JOTQFDUJPOT Â&#x2026; 0SHBOJTBUJPOBM BTTFTTNFOUT JODMVEJOH IVNBO SFTPVSDFT MPHJTUJDT BENJOJTUSBUJPO QSPDFEVSFT VTFS BUUJUVEF BOE DBQBDJUZ FYUFSOBMT Â&#x2026; .FBTVSFNFOUT PO 8"4) TZTUFN Â&#x2026; *OUFSWJFXT Â&#x2026; 'PDVT HSPVQT Â&#x2026; 4FBTPOBM DBMFOEBS Â&#x2026; )JTUPSJDBM QSPÂ¹MF Â&#x2026; 3BOLJOH Â&#x2026; 7FOO EJBHSBN Â&#x2026; *OTUJUVUJPOBM BOE TPDJBM OFUXPSL BOBMZTJT Â&#x2026; %JSFDU PCTFSWBUJPO Â&#x2026; .BQQJOH FYFSDJTFT Â&#x2026; 5SBOTFDU XBML 5IF BQQSPBDI TIPVME CF BT QBSUJDJQBUPSZ BT QPTTJCMF XJUIJO UIF MJNJUBUJPOT PG UIF TJUVBUJPO Â&#x2026; Â&#x2026; Â&#x2026; Â&#x2026;

4DFOBSJPT PG IPX IB[BSE FWFOUT NBZ BGGFDU 8"4) TFSWJDFT FYJTUJOH PS FNFSHFODZ

4DFOBSJPT PO IPX EBNBHFE 8"4) TFSWJDFT XJMM BGGFDU TPDJFUZ " QSJPSJUJTBUJPO PG 8"4) TFSWJDFT UIBU OFFE BUUFOUJPO "O PWFSWJFX PG EJTBTUFS SJTLT UIF 8"4) TFSWJDFT FYJTUJOH PS FNFSHFODZ NJHIU JOUSPEVDF JOUP DPNNVOJUJFT

'JHVSF 4UFQT JO BTTFTTNFOU BOBMZTJT BOE BDUJPO QMBOOJOH

DRR AND WASH 35

3 1. *EFOUJGZ JOEJWJEVBM 8"4) TFSWJDFT PS GVODUJPOBM VOJUT 5IF ยนSTU TUFQ JO UIF QSPDFTT JT JEFOUJGZJOH UIF JOEJWJEVBM DPNQPOFOUT PG 8"4) TZTUFNT UIBU IBWF UP CF MPPLFE BU JO UIF UBSHFU BSFB 5IJT DBO CF JOEJWJEVBM TZTUFNT JO TQFDJยนD MPDBUJPOT F H IBOEQVNQT MBUSJOFT QSPUFDUFE TQSJOH GPS NPSF DPNQMFY TZTUFNT JOEJWJEVBM DPNQPOFOUT PG UIFTF TZTUFNT IBWF UP CF JEFOUJยนFE F H TVSGBDF XBUFS JOUBLF QVNQJOH TUBUJPO SPVHIJOH ยนMUFS VOJU TUSFUDI PG QJQFMJOF 'PS JOUFSEFQFOEFOU TZTUFNT B ยบPX EJBHSBN DBO CF NBEF UP NBLF UIF GVODUJPOJOH BOE JOUFSEFQFOEFODJFT DMFBS 'JHVSF QSFTFOUT BO FYBNQMF

2. *EFOUJGZ IB[BSET BOE IB[BSE DIBSBDUFSJTUJDT )B[BSET OFFE UP CF JEFOUJยนFE 4PNF IB[BSET BSF DPNQMFY BOE TQFDJBMJTU TVQQPSU NBZ CF OFFEFE UP PCUBJO B SFMJBCMF PWFSWJFX PG IB[BSET BOE UIFJS DIBSBDUFSJTUJDT JO B HJWFO MPDBUJPO )B[BSET BOE IB[BSE DIBSBDUFSJTUJDT NBZ BMTP DIBOHF CFDBVTF PG DMJNBUF DIBOHF PS DIBOHFT JO EFNPHSBQIJDT PS FOWJSPONFOU *U JT UIFSFGPSF JNQPSUBOU UP DPOTJEFS QPTTJCMF DIBOHFT JO IB[BSET BOE UIFJS DIBSBDUFSJTUJDT 'PS -B &TQFSBO[B JOUFSWJFXT GPDVT HSPVQT IJTUPSJDBM QSPยนMF BOE EJSFDU PCTFSWBUJPO QPJOUFE UP UXP NBJO IB[BSET MBOETMJEF BOE ยบPPEJOH " IB[BSE BTTFTTNFOU GPSN1 XBT UIFO ยนMMFE JO GPS FBDI PG UIFTF IB[BSET 5IJT GPSN EPDVNFOUT JOGPSNBUJPO BCPVU UIF IB[BSE 5IJT XPSLFE FYBNQMF IBT CFFO EPOF POMZ GPS POF PG UIF JEFOUJยนFE IB[BSET MBOETMJEFT BOE JT TIPXO CFMPX 5IF QBSU JO HSFFO XJMM CF UBLFO GPSXBSE UP TVCTFRVFOU GPSNT

HAZARD DESCRIPTION

LANDSLIDE

MJTU POF IB[BSE QFS GPSN

'JHVSF 0WFSWJFX PG DPNQPOFOUT PG UIF HSBWJUZ GFE XBUFS EJTUSJCVUJPO TZTUFN

* O UIF UBCMF CFMPX UIF TFQBSBUF JOEJWJEVBM 8"4) TZTUFNT UIBU XFSF JEFOUJยนFE JO -B &TQFSBO[B BSF TIPXO BOE XIFSF QPTTJCMF UIF JOEJWJEVBM DPNQPOFOUT PG UIFTF XFSF MJTUFE

5BCMF 0WFSWJFX PG 8"4) TZTUFNT PG -B &TQFSBO[B

INDIVIDUAL WASH SYSTEM A- (SBWJUZ GFE XBUFS EJTUSJCVUJPO TZTUFN

B- )BOE EVH XFMM VQIJMM C- )BOE EVH XFMM EPXOIJMM D- &YDSFUB EJTQPTBM TBOJUBUJPO E- )ZHJFOF QSBDUJDF F - 7FDUPS DPOUSPM G- 4PMJE XBTUF NBOBHFNFOU H- %SBJOBHF

NO. INDIVIDUAL COMPONENTS OF WASH SYSTEMS 1 2 3 6 7

1 2

ย 4QSJOH CPY ย 1JQF TFDUJPO TQSJOH CPY UP IFBEFS UBOL ย )FBEFS UBOL ย 1JQF TFDUJPO IFBEFS UBOL UP TUPSBHF UBOL ย 4UPSBHF UBOL ย 1JQF TFDUJPO TUPSBHF UBOL UP UBQTUBOE ย 5BQTUBOE ย 8FMM ยฌ VQIJMM ย 8FMM ยฌ EPXOIJMM ย )PVTFIPME MBUSJOFT ย )ZHJFOF QSBDUJDF ย 7FDUPS DPOUSPM ย %JTQPTBM TJUFT ย %PNFTUJD XBTUFXBUFS ESBJOBHF ย 4UPSNXBUFS ESBJOBHF

)JTUPSZ BOE GSFRVFODZ PG IB[BSE FWFOU

ย - BOETMJEFT IBWF UBLFO QMBDF BT MPOH BT QFPQMF DBO SFNFNCFS CVU PWFS UJNF MBOETMJEFT IBWF CFDPNF NPSF TFWFSF BOE NPSF GSFRVFOU ย 5IJT JT QSPCBCMZ SFMBUFE UP UIF DMFBSBODF PG UIF GPSFTU ย * O UIF DBUDINFOU CBTJO PG -B &TQFSBO[B MBOETMJEFT PDDVS PO B ZFBSMZ CBTJT ย ) FBWZ MBOETMJEFT UIBU EBNBHF MJWFMJIPPET PS JOGSBTUSVDUVSF IBQQFO BSPVOE PODF FWFSZ UISFF ZFBST

1SPCBCJMJUZ PG IB[BSE PDDVSSFODF 4DPSF 3BSF QFS ZFBST ZS

6OMJLFMZ QFS UP ZS

1PTTJCMF QFS UP ZS

-JLFMZ QFS UP ZS

"MNPTU DFSUBJO QFS ZS

ย "MNPTU DFSUBJO FWFOU QFS ZFBST

8BSOJOH TJHOT BOE TQFFE PG POTFU

.FEJVN UFSN TJHOT ย % FGPSFTUBUJPO PG BSFBT XJUI IJHI HSBEJFOUT TJHOT PG FSPTJPO 4IPSU UFSN TJHOT ย *OUFOTF SBJOT IFBWZ FSPTJPO TVCTJEFODF JO UFSSBJO 4QFFE PG POTFU TFDPOET UP EBZT

-PDBUJPO T BGGFDUFE

ย ย ย ย

"SFBT XJUI B IJHI HSBEJFOU BOE BSFBT CFMPX UIFTF .PTUMZ BHSJDVMUVSBM BSFBT PS [POFT XJUIPVU GPSFTU DPWFS *ODMJOFE BSFBT BCPWF SJWFSCFET BSFBT UIBU TVGGFS GSPN FSPTJPO 4FF IB[BSE NBQ

18 Adapted from: Venton, P.; Hansford, B. (2006) Reducing risk of disaster in our communities.

36 DRR AND WASH

DRR AND WASH 37

3 HAZARD DESCRIPTION 4FWFSJUZ BOE JNQBDU

LANDSLIDE Â&#x2026; 5 IFSF IBT OPU CFFO BOZ MPTT PG MJGF VQ UP OPX %XFMMJOHT BOE IPVTFIPME QMPUT IBWF OPU ZFU CFFO BGGFDUFE CVU FYQPTVSF JT JODSFBTJOH Â&#x2026; 5IF EBNBHF EPOF UP BHSJDVMUVSBM MBOE JT VTVBMMZ QFSNBOFOU BT UIF MBOETMJEF SFNPWFT UIF UPQTPJM BOE FYQPTFT SPDLZ TPJM UIBU DBOOPU CF DVMUJWBUFE Â&#x2026; *NQBDU PO JOEJWJEVBM IPVTFIPMET DBO CF TFWFSF BT MJWFMJIPPET BSF EFTUSPZFE UISPVHI UIF MPTT PG DSPQT BHSJDVMUVSBM MBOE BOE MJWFTUPDL 1PTTJCMZ PG BMM IPVTFIPMET IBWF CFFO BGGFDUFE CZ MBOETMJEFT JO UIF QBTU "T JU JT UIF NPTU WVMOFSBCMF XIP BSF MFGU XJUI UIF BSFBT NPTU BU SJTL JU JT FTQFDJBMMZ UIFTF IPVTFIPMET UIBU BSF IJU

5JNJOH TFBTPOBMJUZ

Â&#x2026; . PTU MBOETMJEFT PDDVS JO UIF SBJOZ TFBTPO CVU UIFSF IBWF BMTP CFFO TNBMMFS MBOETMJEFT JO UIF ESZ TFBTPO

%VSBUJPO

Â&#x2026; 5 IF BDUVBM MBOETMJEFT JO UIF DBUDINFOU BSFB PG -B &TQFSBO[B VTVBMMZ MBTU GPS TFDPOET UP NJOVUFT GPMMPX VQ MBOETMJEFT IBWF PDDVSSFE

1SPKFDUJPO GPS UIF GVUVSF

Â&#x2026; 8 JUI JODSFBTJOH EFGPSFTUBUJPO UIF SJTL PG MBOETMJEFT JO UIF BSFB JT JODSFBTJOH Â&#x2026; 8JUI EFGPSFTUFE BSFBT DSFFQJOH DMPTFS UP UIF WJMMBHF UIF SJTL PG MBOETMJEFT BGGFDUJOH IPVTFIPME QMPUT BOE SFTVMUJOH JO EFBUI BOE JOKVSZ XJMM JODSFBTF Â&#x2026; *U JT FYQFDUFE UIBU XJUI DMJNBUF DIBOHF UIF JOUFOTJUZ PG UIF SBJOT XJMM CFDPNF TUSPOHFS XIJDI XJMM GVSUIFS JODSFBTF UIF GVUVSF SJTL PG MBOETMJEFT

"UUJUVEF PG TPDJFUZ

Â&#x2026; * O GPDVT HSPVQ EJTDVTTJPOT MBOETMJEFT BSF SFDPHOJTFE BT B QSPCMFN FTQFDJBMMZ QPPSFS IPVTFIPMET QSBDUJDJOH BHSJDVMUVSF PO TNBMM QMPUT UIF QPPS BSF VTVBMMZ MFGU XJUI UFSSBJOT XJUI IJHIFS HSBEJFOUT SFDPHOJTF MBOETMJEFT BT B TFSJPVT UISFBU UP UIFJS MJWFMJIPPE Â&#x2026; 5P TPNF FYUFOU QFPQMF IBWF DPNF UP TFF MBOETMJEFT BT B GBDU PG MJGF BOE BDDFQU UIF SJTL *G TPMVUJPOT DPVME CF CSPVHIU UIFZ XPVME QSPCBCMZ CF XFMM SFDFJWFE UIPVHI

38 DRR AND WASH

5IF IB[BSE NBQ PG Â°-B &TQFSBO[BÂ± JT QSFTFOUFE JO UIF mHVSF CFMPX

'JHVSF )B[BSE NBQ PG A-B &TQFSBO[B

DRR AND WASH 39

* OGPSNBUJPO BCPVU UIF IB[BSE JT UIFO VTFE UP BTTFT QPTTJCMF JNQBDU PO UIF 8"4) TFSWJDFT PS GVODUJPOBM VOJUT JEFOUJยนFE JO TUFQ 5IF QBSUT JO HSFFO JO UIF GPSN XJMM CF UBLFO GPSXBSE UP TVCTFRVFOU GPSNT

HAZARD

LANDSLIDE

' 7FDUPS DPOUSPM

7FDUPS CPSOF JOGFDUJPOT BOE WFDUPST BSF OPU BO JTTVF BOE OP WFDUPS DPOUSPM JT UBLJOH QMBDF WFDUPS DPOUSPM JT OPU BGGFDUFE CZ MBOETMJEF

/PU BQQMJDBCMF

( 4PMJE XBTUF NBOBHFNFOU EJTQPTBM TJUFT

5IF JNQBDU PG MBOETMJEF PO TPMJE XBTUF NBOBHFNFOU XPVME CF MJNJUFE TPNF PG UIF JOGPSNBM XBTUF EJTQPTBM TJUFT NJHIU CF MPTU CVU QFPQMF XPVME QSPCBCMZ DPOUJOVF UP VTF UIF TBNF BSFB GPS XBTUF EJTQPTBM

2. low

) %PNFTUJD XBTUFXBUFS ESBJOBHF

-BOETMJEFT XPVME OPU BGGFDU ESBJOBHF TZTUFNT PG EPNFTUJD XBTUFXBUFS BOE ESBJOBHF BSPVOE UIF UBQTUBOE

2. low

) 4UPSNXBUFS ESBJOBHF

" MBOETMJEF NJHIU DBVTF UIF CMPDLBHF PG B QBTTBHF GPS TUPSNXBUFS SFTVMUJOH JO TNBMM TDBMF ยบPPEJOH

NFEJVN

HAZARD EXPOSURE

8"4) TFSWJDF PS GVODUJPOBM VOJU

%FTDSJQUJPO PG IB[BSE T FGGFDU

4DPSF OPOF OFHMJHJCMF MPX NFEJVN IJHI WFSZ IJHI

" 4QSJOH CPY

5IF TQSJOH CPY JT JO TMPQJOH UFSSBJO BOE B MBOETMJEF DPVME FBTJMZ EFTUSPZ JU XJUI B SJTL UIBU UIF TQSJOH JT FOUJSFMZ MPTU

WFSZ IJHI

" 1JQF TFDUJPO TQSJOH CPY UP IFBEFS UBOL

5IF QJQF TFDUJPO JT JO TMPQJOH UFSSBJO BOE B MBOETMJEF DPVME FBTJMZ EFTUSPZ JU

WFSZ IJHI

" )FBEFS UBOL

5IF IFBEFS UBOL JT JO TMPQJOH UFSSBJO B MBOETMJEF DPVME FBTJMZ EFTUSPZ JU

IJHI

" 1JQF TFDUJPO IFBEFS UBOL UP TUPSBHF UBOL

5IF QJQF TFDUJPO SVOT UISPVHI UFSSBJO UIBU JT WFSZ NVDI BU SJTL PG MBOETMJEF

WFSZ IJHI

" 4UPSBHF UBOL

5IF TUPSBHF UBOL JT DVSSFOUMZ QMBDFE JO BO BSFB UIBU JT BU MPX SJTL PG MBOETMJEF &SPTJPO BHSJDVMUVSBM QSBDUJDFT BOE PUIFS MBOETMJEFT NBZ JODSFBTF UIF SJTL PWFS UJNF

NFEJVN

" 1JQF TFDUJPO TUPSBHF UBOL UP UBQTUBOE

5IF QJQF TFDUJPO JT DVSSFOUMZ SVOOJOH UISPVHI B [POF UIBU JT BU MPX SJTL PG MBOETMJEF CVU UIF SJTL NBZ JODSFBTF PWFS UJNF XJUI BEWBODJOH EFGPSFTUBUJPO

2. low

" 5BQTUBOE

5IF UBQTUBOE JT JO UIF DFOUSF PG UIF WJMMBHF BOE OPU FYQPTFE UP MBOETMJEF SJTL JU JT OPU FYQFDUFE UIBU UIJT XJMM DIBOHF

2. low

# 8FMM o VQIJMM

5IF XFMM JT JO UFSSBJO UIBU JT BU NFEJVN SJTL PG MBOETMJEF B MBOETMJEF NJHIU SFTVMU JO B DPNQMFUF MPTT PG UIF XFMM

NFEJVN

$ 8FMM o EPXOIJMM

5IF XFMM JT JO UFSSBJO UIBU JT BU MPX SJTL PG MBOETMJEF UIPVHI UIJT NBZ DIBOHF PWFS UJNF

2. low

% -BUSJOFT

5IF NBKPSJUZ PG UIF MBUSJOFT BSF QMBDFE JO UFSSBJO UIBU JT BU MPX SJTL PG MBOETMJEF 4PNF IPXFWFS BSF NPSF FYQPTFE BOE NJHIU JO UIF GVUVSF CF MPTU UP MBOETMJEF )PXFWFS UIF PWFSBMM JNQBDU PG UIF MPTT PG TPNF MBUSJOFT PO UIF DPNNVOJUZ XPVME QSPCBCMZ CF MJNJUFE

2. low

& )ZHJFOF QSBDUJDF

)ZHJFOF QSBDUJDF JT EFQFOEFOU PO B HPPE XBUFS TVQQMZ TJODF UIF XBUFS TVQQMZ JT BU IJHI SJTL PG MBOETMJEF IZHJFOF QSBDUJDF JT BT XFMM

IJHI

40 DRR AND WASH

HAZARD

HAZARD EXPOSURE

BOE *EFOUJGZ BOE DBUFHPSJ[F WVMOFSBCJMJUJFT BOE DBQBDJUJFT 8JUI UIF NBJO IB[BSE SJTLT LOPXO UIF WVMOFSBCJMJUJFT PG UIF TFSWJDFT BOE UIF DBQBDJUJFT QSFTFOU JO TPDJFUZ UP EFBM XJUI UIF FGGFDUT PG B IB[BSE FWFOU IBWF UP CF JEFOUJยนFE 5IF QSPQFS GVODUJPOJOH PG 8"4) TFSWJDFT DBO EFQFOE PO NBOZ FMFNFOUT ยฌ UIFTF BSF JMMVTUSBUFE VTJOH UIF 8"4) 4FSWJDF 1FSGPSNBODF 'SBNFXPSL TFF UIF PWFSWJFX CFMPX GPS NPSF EFUBJMT TFF "OOFY 5IF 8"4) 4FSWJDF 1FSGPSNBODF 'SBNFXPSL GPS NPSF EFUBJM 5IJT GSBNFXPSL JT VTFE UP BTTFTT B 8"4) TFSWJDF BOE DBO CF BEBQUFE UP BOZ 8"4) TFSWJDF F H SVSBM PS VSCBO XBUFS PS PUIFS 8"4) TFSWJDF TVDI BT WFDUPS DPOUSPM FNFSHFODZ PS EFWFMPQNFOU JOUFSWFOUJPOT

DRR AND WASH 41

JUI TPNF FYDFQUJPOT EJTBTUFST DBO QPUFOUJBMMZ EBNBHF PS BGGFDU WJSUVBMMZ BMM PG UIFTF FMFNFOUT 8 5IJT NBZ MFBE UP TFSWJDF CSFBLEPXO PS EFHSBEBUJPO XIJDI NBZ SFTVMU JO B SFEVDFE TFSWJDF MFWFM BOE QPUFOUJBMMZ B TFDPOEBSZ EJTBTUFS 5IFSFGPSF UIF WVMOFSBCJMJUZ BOE DBQBDJUZ PG FBDI FMFNFOU OFFET UP CF JOWFTUJHBUFE 5IJT POMZ OFFET UP CF EPOF GPS JOEJWJEVBM 8"4) TZTUFNT UIBU XPVME TVGGFS GSPN NFEJVN PS TUSPOH TIPDL UIF QBSUT JO HSFFO GSPN UIF QSFWJPVT GPSN JO TUFQ &YDFQUJPOT UP UIJT XPVME CF JG QBSUJDVMBS TZTUFNT XFSF DSJUJDBM UP IPVTFIPMET PS XFSF WFSZ DPNQMFY

HAZARD

WASH SERVICE OR FUNCTIONAL UNIT VULNERABILITIES TOWARDS HAZARD

" 4QSJOH CPY " 1JQF TFDUJPO TQSJOH CPY UP IFBEFS UBOL " )FBEFS UBOL " 1JQF TFDUJPO IFBEFS UBOL UP TUPSBHF UBOL " 4UPSBHF UBOL

LANDSLIDE VULNERABILITIES TOWARDS HAZARD *OGSBTUSVDUVSF ย -PDBUJPO PG QBSUT PG UIF TZTUFN JO MBOETMJEF QSPOF BSFBT ย -PX MFWFM PG QSPUFDUJPO PG UIF TZTUFN BHBJOTU MBOETMJEFT ย 5IF TZTUFN EPFT OPU FBTJMZ BMMPX NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT GPS MBOETMJEFT ย -BOETMJEF JO TQSJOH FZF BSFB NJHIU SFTVMU JO DPNQMFUF MPTT PG TQSJOH ย 5IF TZTUFN JT JOUFSMJOLFE JG POF FMFNFOU CSFBLT EPXO UIF XIPMF TZTUFN JT BGGFDUFE OP SFEVOEBODZ JT CVJMU JO UIF TZTUFN )VNBO SFTPVSDFT ย $PNNJUUFF NFNCFST BSF OPU SFQSFTFOUBUJWF PG UIF DPNNVOJUZ ย -PX UFDIOJDBM BOE PSHBOJTBUJPOBM TLJMM MFWFM PG UIF XBUFS DPNNJUUFF ย $PNNJUUFF NFNCFST PGUFO BCTFOU .BUFSJBMT ย /P UPPMT QSFTFOU ย /P TQBSF QBSUT QSFTFOU ย /P DPOTUSVDUJPO NBUFSJBMT QSFTFOU

42 DRR AND WASH

WFSZ IJHI

CAPACITIES TOWARDS HAZARD *OGSBTUSVDUVSF ย /POF )VNBO SFTPVSDFT ย 8BUFS DPNNJUUFF GPS TZTUFN FYJTUT ย 0UIFS NFNCFST JO DPNNVOJUZ XJUI SFMFWBOU TLJMMT BSF QSFTFOU F H DPOTUSVDUJPO XPSLFST

ย 5FDIOJDBM TLJMMT OFFEFE UP SFQBJS MBOETMJEF EBNBHF BSF SFMBUJWFMZ CBTJD FYDFQU GPS EBNBHF UP TQSJOH DBUDINFOU

ย &YQSFTTFE JOUFSFTU PG DPNNVOJUZ NFNCFST UP HFU JOWPMWFE JO SFQBJSJOH BOE NBJOUBJOJOH UIF XBUFS TVQQMZ TZTUFN .BUFSJBMT ย 3FMBUJWFMZ FBTZ UP QSPUFDU NBUFSJBMT GSPN MBOETMJEFT ย 4ZTUFN EPFT OPU OFFE BOZ DPOTVNBCMFT ย 1SJDFT PG NBUFSJBMT BSF NBOBHFBCMF XJUI OPSNBM GFF TZTUFN JG GFFT XPVME CF QBJE

-FWFM PG DBQBDJUZ

1. low while several QPJOUT XFSF JEFOUJmFE VOEFS DBQBDJUZ these were PGUFO NPSF B QPUFOUJBM UIBU DPVME CF CVJMU VQPO UIBO B SFBM DBQBDJUZ BT QSFTFOU

CAPACITIES TOWARDS HAZARD

-FWFM PG DBQBDJUZ

ย " MM NBUFSJBMT OFFEFE J F )%1& QJQF WBMWFT SFTFSWPJST ยนUUJOHT DPOTUSVDUJPO NBUFSJBMT DBO CF GPVOE JO #PMJWBS 0SHBOJTBUJPO ย " EFRVBUF TDIPPMJOH MFWFM PG DPNNJUUFF NFNCFST *OQVUT ย 4 ZTUFN OPSNBMMZ IBT MPX OFFE GPS FYUFSOBM JOQVUT Users ย " SFMBUJWFMZ TUSPOH TPDJBM DPIFTJPO JT QSFTFOU ย 1 FSDFJWFE JNQPSUBODF PG XBUFS TVQQMZ TZTUFN ย $ BQBDJUZ PG DPNNVOJUZ NFNCFST UP QBZ GFF JT MBSHFMZ QSFTFOU

Users ย 6 TFST GFFM MJUUMF PXOFSTIJQ PG UIF TZTUFN ย - PX MFWFM PG USVTU PG DPNNVOJUZ UPXBSET DPNNJUUFF ย - JWFMJIPPET PG TFWFSBM IPVTFIPMET NJHIU CF BGGFDUFE SFEVDJOH UIF DBQBDJUZ BOE XJMMJOHOFTT UP QBZ

4DPSF OFHMJHJCMF MPX NFEJVN IJHI WFSZ IJHI -FWFM PG WVMOFSBCJMJUZ

-FWFM PG WVMOFSBCJMJUZ

*OQVUT ย % BNBHF CZ MBOETMJEF DBO SFRVJSF NBOZ JOQVUT GPS SFDPOTUSVDUJPO ย ' FX GVOET DVSSFOUMZ QSFTFOU GPS NBJOUFOBODF ย / P FGGFDUJWF TZTUFN JO QMBDF GPS GFF DPMMFDUJPO

IF WVMOFSBCJMJUZ PG FBDI 8"4) TZTUFN BOE DBQBDJUZ QSFTFOU JT JOWFTUJHBUFE BOE SFDPSEFE GPS FBDI 5 PG UIF BGGFDUFE 8"4) DPNQPOFOUT MJTUFE BCPWF 0OF GPSN TIPVME CF DPNQMFUFE QFS IB[BSE ยฌ UIF FYBNQMF CFMPX JT GPS MBOETMJEF

WASH SERVICE OR FUNCTIONAL UNIT

4DPSF OFHMJHJCMF MPX NFEJVN IJHI WFSZ IJHI

0SHBOJTBUJPO ย / P &11 JO QMBDF UP EFBM XJUI MBOETMJEF FWFOU ย / P TZTUFNBUJD FYUFSOBM TVQQPSU GPS DPNNJUUFF PS DPNNVOJUZ JO DBTF PG EJTBTUFS FWFOU ย / P DMFBS TZTUFN GPS PSHBOJTBUJPO PG DPNNJUUFF ย / P USBOTQBSFODZ PG DPNNJUUFF GVODUJPOJOH

* O UIJT FYBNQMF GPVS PG UIF 8"4) TZTUFNT GSPN TUFQ XPVME CF BTTFTTFE BHBJOTU MBOETMJEFT " UP " (SBWJUZ GFE XBUFS EJTUSJCVUJPO TZTUFN B. 8FMM VQIJMM E. )ZHJFOF QSBDUJDF H2. 4UPSNXBUFS ESBJOBHF

HAZARD

LANDSLIDE

*OGSBTUSVDUVSF TFSWJDF QSPWJEFST ย / PU BQQMJDBCMF BT UIFSF BSF WJSUVBMMZ OP FYUFSOBM BDUPST OFFEFE Other ย $ IVSDI DBO QSPWJEF TVQQPSU XJUI DPOTUSVDUJPO NBUFSJBMT BOE TQBSFT GPS NJOPS SFQBJST

*OGSBTUSVDUVSF TFSWJDF QSPWJEFST ย / PU BQQMJDBCMF BT UIFSF BSF WJSUVBMMZ OP FYUFSOBM BDUPST Other ย 1 FSDFJWFE OFQPUJTN PG DPNNJUUFF NFNCFST

# 8FMM o VQIJMM

*OGSBTUSVDUVSF

IJHI

ยฅ

)VNBO SFTPVSDFT ยฅ

.BUFSJBMT 0SHBOJTBUJPO *OQVUT Users *OGSBTUSVDUVSF TFSWJDF QSPWJEFST Other & )ZHJFOF QSBDUJDF

ยฅ

WFSZ IJHI

) 4UPSNXBUFS ESBJOBHF

ยฅ

NFEJVN

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DRR AND WASH 43

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PROBABILITY OF OCCURRENCE

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44 DRR AND WASH

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DRR AND WASH 45

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OBJECTIVELY VERIFIABLE INDICATORS

RISKS AND ASSUMPTIONS

SOURCES OF VERIFICATION

OVERALL OBJECTIVE TO IMPROVE, IN A SUSTAINABLE MANNER, HEALTH AND WELL-BEING OF VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS IN THE PROVINCE OF EL PROGRESO

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46 DRR AND WASH

DRR AND WASH 47

ANNEX

1 THE PRESSURE AND RELEASE (PAR) MODEL

THE WASH SERVICE 2 PERFORMANCE FRAMEWORK

ANNEX

" NPEFM VTFE UP BOBMZTF BOE QSFTFOU EJTBTUFS SJTL JT UIF Â°1SFTTVSF "OE 3FMFBTFÂ± 1"3 NPEFM 5IJT NPEFM NBLFT WJTJCMF UIF GBDUPST UIBU MFBE UP EJTBTUFS SJTL #FMPX JT BO FYBNQMF PG B 1"3 NPEFM TIPXJOH UIF QSPHSFTTJPO PG WVMOFSBCJMJUZ HPJOH GSPN UIF VOTBGF DPOEJUJPOT UP UIF SPPU DBVTFT PG WVMOFSBCJMJUZ

#Z JOWFSUJOH UIF NPEFM BOE DSFBUJOH B Â°QSPHSFTTJPO PG TBGFUZÂ± JU JT QPTTJCMF UP WJTVBMJTF UIF BDUJPOT XPVME CF OFDFTTBSZ UP SFEVDF EJTBTUFS SJTL JO B TPDJFUZ #FMPX UIF QSFTFOUT UIF 1"3 NPEFM TIPXJOH UIF QSPHSFTTJPO PG TBGFUZ

48 DRR AND WASH

19 Adapted from http://www.maf.govt.nz/mafnet/rural-nz/emergencymanagement/snow/farm-response-to-2006-canterbury-snow/page-06.htm 20 Adapted from http://www.maf.govt.nz/mafnet/rural-nz/emergencymanagement/snow/farm-response-to-2006-canterbury-snow/page-06.htm

MITIGATION AND PREPAREDNESS21 3 MEASURES FOR WASH SYSTEMS

ANNEX

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ยบFYJCMF GFSSPDFNFOU SFTFSWPJST PWFS SJHJE CSJDL SFTFSWPJST ยบFYJCMF 1& QJQFT PWFS SJHJE DBTU JSPO QJQFT 4USVDUVSFT UIBU XJMM SFNBJO QBSUMZ VTFBCMF FWFO BGUFS EBNBHF PWFS TZTUFNT UIBU XJMM CFDPNF VTFMFTT F H IBOE EVH XFMM XJUI BDDFTT IPMFT JO DPWFS TMBC JOTUFBE PG CPSFIPMF 1SFGFSFODF GPS TZTUFNT UIBU DBO CF SFQBJSFE NBJOUBJOFE BU MPDBM MFWFM F H JG USBDUPST BSF VTFE MPDBMMZ VTJOH USBDUPST XJUI USBJMFST GPS USBOTQPSU PG TPMJE XBTUF PWFS JNQPSUFE DPNQBDUPS USVDLT 0ODF UIF NPTU BQQSPQSJBUF UFDIOPMPHZ JT DIPTFO BEFRVBUF TUBOEBSET IBWF UP CF BEIFSFE UP JO TFUUJOH VQ UIF TZTUFN 4PNF FYBNQMFT %FTJHO TUBOEBSET F H ESBJOBHF DIBOOFMT BSPVOE TUSVDUVSFT UP BWPJE EBNBHF CZ TUPSNXBUFS EFQUI PG XFMMT UP FOTVSF XBUFS BWBJMBCJMJUZ JO ESZ QFSJPET 4UBOEBSET JO NBUFSJBMT VTFE F H VTF PG RVBMJUZ DPOTUSVDUJPO NBUFSJBMT VTF PG NBUFSJBMT XJUI UIF QSPQFS GFBUVSFT 4UBOEBSET JO XPSLNBOTIJQ F H QSPQFS QSFQBSBUJPO BOE DVSJOH PG DPODSFUF DPSSFDU KPJOUJOH PG QJQFT QSPQFS DPNQBDUJPO PG ยนMM 0WFS UJNF TZTUFNT EFHSBEF BOE UIFZ XJMM IBWF UP CF NBJOUBJOFE UP VQIPME UIF MFWFM PG SFTJMJFODF UPXBSET IB[BSE FWFOUT 0O JOUFHSBUJOH %33 JO 8"4) JG JO EPVCU HFU TQFDJBMJTU BEWJDF

ANNEX

HAZARD: EARTHQUAKE (SHAKING AND DISPLACEMENT OF THE GROUND) $BVTFT BOE SJTL GBDUPST

ย 5FDUPOJD BDUJWJUZ ย 1PXFSGVM WPMDBOJD FSVQUJPO

)B[BSE TQFDJmD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT

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21 Adapted from references R3, R4, R5, R6, R31, R33, R34, R35, R36, R38

50 DRR AND WASH

DRR AND WASH 51

ANNEX

HAZARD: TSUNAMI

HAZARD: VOLCANIC ERUPTION

(WAVES CAUSED BY A RAPID DISPLACEMENT OF WATER) $BVTFT BOE SJTL GBDUPST

ย ย ย ย

&BSUIRVBLF 1PXFSGVM WPMDBOJD FSVQUJPO -BSHF NBTT NPWFNFOU F H MBOETMJEF SPDLGBMM

*NQBDU PG NFUFPSJUF

$PNCJOF XJUI (FOFSJD NJUJHBUJPO BOE QSFQBSFEOFTT NFBTVSFT PO QBHF )B[BSE TQFDJmD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT

*OGSBTUSVDUVSF ย - PDBUJPO DPOEJUJPO JEFOUJGZ BOE NBQ SJTL BSFBT BWPJE BSFBT DMPTF UP MPX MZJOH DPBTUMJOFT NBOHSPWF GPSFTUT DPSBM SFFGT SPDLT DBO SFEVDF UIF JNQBDU PG MBSHF XBWFT BWPJE SJWFS CBOLT DMPTF UP UIF DPBTU JOTUBMM TUSVDUVSFT PO TPJMT XJUI BEFRVBUF MPBE CFBSJOH DBQBDJUZ DPOTJEFS UIBU DBQBDJUZ SFEVDFT JG IVNJEJUZ JODSFBTFT DIPPTF BO BDDFTTJCMF MPDBUJPO SFMPDBUF TFSWJDFT UIBU BSF BU SJTL PG UTVOBNJ ย 6 TF NBUFSJBMT UIBU DPQF CFUUFS XJUI UIF FGGFDUT PG B UTVOBNJ F H XIFSF SFMFWBOU DIPPTF ยบFYJCMF NBUFSJBMT F H 1& TUFFM 17$ QJQFT TUFFM SFTFSWPJST PWFS SJHJE NBUFSJBMT F H DPODSFUF DBTU JSPO QJQFT CSJDL SFTFSWPJST VTF ยบFYJCMF DPOOFDUJPOT CFUXFFO DPNQPOFOUT VTF IJHI TUSFOHUI RVBMJUZ DPNQPOFOUT TVCNFSTJCMF QVNQT BSF PGUFO NPSF SFTJTUBOU UIBO TVSGBDF NPVOUFE QVNQT ย $ POTUSVDU JOTUBMM UP JODSFBTF SFTJMJFODF UP B UTVOBNJ F H CVJME DPWFST PG XFMMT SFTFSWPJST UBOLT BOE WJTJU DIBNCFST JO SFTJTUBOU NBUFSJBMT DMPTF XFMMT SFTFSWPJST UBOLT BOE WJTJU DIBNCFST UP FYDMVEF TBMU XBUFS SFJOGPSDFNFOU PG XFMMT BEFRVBUFMZ SFJOGPSDF BOE CSBDF SBJTFE SFTFSWPJST BODIPSJOH BOE TVQQPSUJOH PG QJQFT JOTUBMMFE DMPTF UP XBUFSXBZT FOTVSF UIF TZTUFN DBO CF DMFBOFE PVU JO DBTF PG DPOUBNJOBUJPO SFQBJS MFBLT NBJOUBJO QSFTTVSF I JO XBUFS EJTUSJCVUJPOT TZTUFNT UP BWPJE FOUSBODF PG TBMU XBUFS JO UIF TZTUFN NBLF SPVOE QJUT GPS MBUSJOFT UP SFEVDF SJTL PG DPMMBQTF BEFRVBUFMZ MJOF MBUSJOF QJUT JO VODPOTPMJEBUFE TPJMT JOTUBMM B TMBC BSPVOE UIF MBUSJOF QJU

(VOLCANIC ACTIVITY CAUSING ROCK FALL, ASH FALL, LAVA STREAMS AND RELEASE OF GAS) $BVTFT BOE SJTL GBDUPST

ย 5FDUPOJD QSPDFTTFT

)B[BSE TQFDJmD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT

$PNCJOF XJUI (FOFSJD NJUJHBUJPO BOE QSFQBSFEOFTT NFBTVSFT PO QBHF *OGSBTUSVDUVSF ย -PDBUJPO DPOEJUJPO JEFOUJGZ BOE NBQ SJTL BSFBT JG QPTTJCMF BWPJE BSFBT BU SJTL DMPTF UP QPUFOUJBMMZ BDUJWF WPMDBOPFT BWPJE BSFBT UIBU IBWF CFFO PS NBZ CFDPNF DIBOOFMT GPS MBWB NVEยบPXT PS MBOETMJEFT JOTUBMM TUSVDUVSFT PO TPJMT XJUI BEFRVBUF MPBE CFBSJOH DBQBDJUZ DPOTJEFS UIBU DBQBDJUZ SFEVDFT JG IVNJEJUZ JO TPJM JODSFBTFT DIPPTF BO BDDFTTJCMF MPDBUJPO SFMPDBUF TFSWJDFT UIBU BSF BU SJTL PG WPMDBOJD FSVQUJPO PS JUT FGGFDUT F H BTI SBJOT NVEยบPXT MBWB ยบPX ยนSF

ย 2VBMJUZ PG SBX XBUFS DBO CF BGGFDUFE CZ UIF FGGFDUT PG B WPMDBOJD FSVQUJPO USZ UP EFTJHO UIF TUSVDUVSF TP UIFSF JT DBQBDJUZ UP EFBM XJUI DIBOHFT JO XBUFS RVBMJUZ USZ UP IBWF JEFOUJGZ SFMJBCMF BMUFSOBUJWF TPVSDFT PG XBUFS ย $POTUSVDU JOTUBMM UP CFUUFS SFTJTU UIF FGGFDUT PG WPMDBOJD FSVQUJPO F H CVJME DPWFST PG XFMMT SFTFSWPJST UBOLT BOE WJTJU DIBNCFST JO SFTJTUBOU NBUFSJBMT BCMF UP SFTJTU UP BTI EFQPTJUJPO DMPTF XFMMT SFTFSWPJST UBOLT BOE WJTJU DIBNCFST BEFRVBUFMZ UP FYDMVEF BTI DPOTUSVDU QSPUFDUJWF XBMMT BOE VOEFSHSPVOE SJWFS QBTTBHFT GPS QJQFT JOTUBMM NFDIBOJTNT UP FYDMVEF BTI GSPN ESBJOBHF TZTUFNT FOTVSF TZTUFN DBO CF DMFBOFE PVU JO DBTF PG FOUSZ PG BTI JO TZTUFN VTF IJHI TUSFOHUI RVBMJUZ DPNQPOFOUT *OQVUT ย 8BUFS RVBMJUZ BOE BWBJMBCJMJUZ CPUI PG SBX XBUFS BOE BU UIF MFWFM PG VTFST NBZ DIBOHF GPMMPXJOH WPMDBOJD BDUJWJUZ TDFOBSJPT GPS EFBMJOH XJUI UIJT BEFRVBUFMZ BSF OFFEFE JEFOUJGZ BOE QSFQBSF QPUFOUJBM BDDFTT VTF PG BMUFSOBUJWF XBUFS TPVSDFT B TZTUFN PG NPOJUPSJOH XBUFS BWBJMBCJMJUZ BOE RVBMJUZ CPUI PG SBX XBUFS BOE BU UIF MFWFM PG VTFST NBZ CF OFFEFE

*OQVUT ย 8 BUFS RVBMJUZ BOE BWBJMBCJMJUZ CPUI PG SBX XBUFS BOE BU UIF MFWFM PG VTFST NBZ DIBOHF XIFO B UTVOBNJ PDDVST TDFOBSJPT GPS EFBMJOH XJUI UIJT BEFRVBUFMZ BSF OFFEFE JEFOUJGZ BOE QSFQBSF QPUFOUJBM BDDFTT VTF PG BMUFSOBUJWF XBUFS TPVSDFT B TZTUFN PG NPOJUPSJOH XBUFS BWBJMBCJMJUZ BOE RVBMJUZ CPUI PG SBX XBUFS BOE BU UIF MFWFM PG VTFST NBZ CF OFFEFE

52 DRR AND WASH

DRR AND WASH 53

ANNEX

HAZARD: MASS MOVEMENT (I.E. LANDSLIDE, MUDFLOW, ROCKFALL, AVALANCHEโ ฆ) (SLOW TO RAPID MOVEMENT OF SOIL OR ROCK BY GRAVITY) $BVTFT BOE SJTL GBDUPST

)B[BSE TQFDJmD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT

ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย

5PQPHSBQIZ &SPTJPO 8FBUIFSJOH PG TPJM -PBEJOH PG TMPQF %FGPSFTUBUJPO PS DIBOHF PG WFHFUBUJPO *OUFOTF SBJOGBMM 1SPMPOHFE SBJOT $IBOHF JO HSPVOE XBUFS 3BQJE TOPX NFMU 5IBXJOH &YDBWBUJPO NJOJOH RVBSSZJOH 8BUFS MFBLBHF (FPMPHJDBM DBVTFT &BSUIRVBLF 7PMDBOJD FSVQUJPO

$PNCJOF XJUI (FOFSJD NJUJHBUJPO BOE QSFQBSFEOFTT NFBTVSFT PO QBHF *OGSBTUSVDUVSF ย -PDBUJPO DPOEJUJPO JEFOUJGZ BOE NBQ SJTL BSFBT BWPJE TQPUT JO VODPOTPMJEBUFE TPJMT JO JODMJOFE UFSSBJO PS QPJOUT CFMPX UIFTF BSFBT CFMPX EFGPSFTUFE [POFT BSF BU SJTL F H CFDBVTF PG EFGPSFTUBUJPO PS ยนSF BWPJE BSFBT DMPTF UP OBUVSBM ESBJOBHF DIBOOFMT *OTUBMM TUSVDUVSFT PO TPJMT XJUI BEFRVBUF MPBE CFBSJOH DBQBDJUZ BWPJE [POFT CFMPX JODMJOFE TPJMT XJUI B MPBE F H CVJMEJOHT UIBU NJHIU FYDFFE UIFJS MPBE CFBSJOH DBQBDJUZ DIPPTF BO BDDFTTJCMF MPDBUJPO SFMPDBUF TFSWJDFT UIBU BSF BU SJTL PG NBTT NPWFNFOU ย 6TF NBUFSJBMT UIBU SFTJTU UP TPNF FYUFOU UIF FGGFDUT PG NBTT NPWFNFOUT F H DIPPTF SFTJTUBOU QJQF NBUFSJBMT F H (* QJQF JO TPNF QMBDFT ยบFYJCMF QJQJOH NBUFSJBM F H 1& QJQF NBZ CF NPSF BEFRVBUF VTF IJHI TUSFOHUI RVBMJUZ DPNQPOFOUT ย $POTUSVDU JOTUBMM TP BT UP CFUUFS SFTJTU UIF FGGFDUT PG MBOETMJEF SPDLGBMM PS NVEยบPX F H CSJEHF QJQFT PWFS [POFT BU SJTL BMUFSOBUJWFMZ MBZ QJQFT JO TPMJE SPDL F H JO BSFBT BU SJTL PG SPDLGBMM QJQFT TIPVME CF JOTUBMMFE BU MFBTU N CFMPX UIF TVSGBDF VQ UP N JG JU JT JNQPTTJCMF UP EJH EPXO QJQFT JO BO BSFB BU SJTL JODPSQPSBUF UIF QJQF JO B XBMM BOE ยนMM VQIJMM PG UIF XBMM UP GPSN B UFSSBDF XIFSF EJTQMBDFNFOU JT WFSZ TMPX ยบFYJCMF QJQFT NBZ CF QMBDFE JO XBWFT JOTUBMM QJQF BODIPST JO TPMJE TPJM DMPTF UP BSFBT BU SJTL QSPQFS CBDLยนMMJOH BOE DPNQBDUJOH PG USFODIFT SFNPWF SPDLT UIBU NJHIU CF B SJTL GPS TUSVDUVSFT ย $POTPMJEBUF BSFBT BU SJTL F H MBOETMJEFT PDDVS NPSF FBTJMZ JO BSFBT XIFSF UIF WFHFUBUJPO IBT CFFO SFNPWFE BWPJE EFGPSFTUBUJPO XIFSF SFMFWBOU BOE QPTTJCMF EP SFGPSFTUBUJPO CVJME SFUFOUJPO TUSVDUVSFT MJLF SFUFOUJPO XBMMT PS HBCJPO TUSVDUVSFT UP DPOTPMJEBUF UIF TPJM UFSSBDJOH ย -BOETMJEF SPDLGBMM PS NVEยบPX DBO CF B MBSHF SJTL UP BSUJยนDJBM SFTFSWPJST JO BSFBT XIFSF NBTT NPWFNFOUT DPVME CF B SJTL PCUBJO TQFDJBMJTU BEWJDF PO FYJTUJOH SFTFSWPJST PS JG B OFX SFTFSWPJS JT UP CF NBEF 4ZTUFNT UP NJOJNJTF UIF SJTLT PG CMPDLBHF PG JOUBLFT BOE PWFSยบPXT TIPVME BMTP CF MPPLFE BU

HAZARD: SUBSIDENCE (LOWERING OF THE EARTHSโ SURFACE IN RELATION TO A DATUM) $BVTFT BOE SJTL GBDUPST

ย ย ย ย ย ย

(FPMPHJDBM QSPDFTTFT &BSUIRVBLF 5TVOBNJ /BUVSBM HBT FYUSBDUJPO (SPVOEXBUFS FYUSBDUJPO 4FBTPOBM BOE CJPMPHJDBM QSPDFTTFT

$PNCJOF XJUI (FOFSJD NJUJHBUJPO BOE QSFQBSFEOFTT NFBTVSFT PO QBHF )B[BSE TQFDJmD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT

*OGSBTUSVDUVSF ย -PDBUJPO DPOEJUJPO JEFOUJGZ BOE NBQ SJTL BSFBT JG QPTTJCMF BWPJE BSFBT XIFSF FGGFDUT PG TVCTJEFODF BSF NPTU EJTUJODU JOTUBMM TUSVDUVSFT PO TPJMT XJUI BEFRVBUF MPBE CFBSJOH DBQBDJUZ DPOTJEFS UIBU DBQBDJUZ SFEVDFT JG IVNJEJUZ JODSFBTFT SFMPDBUF TFSWJDFT BU SJTL ย 6TF NBUFSJBMT UIBU SFTJTU UIF FGGFDUT PG TVCTJEFODF F H ยบFYJCMF TUSVDUVSFT F H TUFFM SFTFSWPJST 1& TUFFM BOE 17$ QJQFT XJMM TVQQPSU UIF FGGFDUT PG TVCTJEFODF CFUUFS UIBO EP SJHJE TUSVDUVSFT F H CSJDL SFTFSWPJST DPODSFUF BOE DBTU JSPO QJQFT VTF IJHI TUSFOHUI RVBMJUZ DPNQPOFOUT ย $POTUSVDU JOTUBMM TP BT UP CFUUFS SFTJTU UIF FGGFDUT PG TVCTJEFODF F H SFJOGPSDFNFOU PG XFMMT JOTUBMM BTQIBMUJD TFBMT XIFSF QJQFT FOUFS DPODSFUF TUSVDUVSFT F H SFTFS WPJST TVCTJEFODF NBZ SFTVMU JO B NPEJยนDBUJPO PG HSBEJFOUT JO TZTUFNT UIJT IBT UP CF DPOTJEFSFE JO EFTJHOT PG HSBWJUZ EFQFOEFOU TZTUFNT PO TJUF TBOJUBUJPO NBZ CF NPSF BEFRVBUF UIBO PGG TJUF TBOJUBUJPO NBLF SPVOE QJUT GPS MBUSJOFT UP SFEVDF SJTL PG DPMMBQTF BEFRVBUFMZ MJOF MBUSJOF QJUT *OQVUT ย 8BUFS BWBJMBCJMJUZ NBZ DIBOHF XIFO TVCTJEFODF PDDVST TDFOBSJPT GPS EFBMJOH XJUI UIJT BEFRVBUFMZ BSF OFFEFE JEFOUJGZ BOE QSFQBSF QPUFOUJBM BDDFTT VTF PG BMUFSOBUJWF XBUFS TPVSDFT B TZTUFN PG NPOJUPSJOH XBUFS BWBJMBCJMJUZ NBZ CF OFFEFE

*OQVUT ย 2VBMJUZ PG SBX XBUFS DBO CF BGGFDUFE CZ UIF FGGFDUT PG B MBOETMJEF SPDLGBMM NVETMJEF PS BWBMBODIF USZ UP EFTJHO UIF TUSVDUVSF TP UIFSF JT DBQBDJUZ UP EFBM XJUI DIBOHFT JO XBUFS RVBMJUZ USZ UP IBWF JEFOUJGZ SFMJBCMF BMUFSOBUJWF TPVSDFT PG XBUFS

54 DRR AND WASH

DRR AND WASH 55

ANNEX

HAZARD: GENERAL FLOOD/ FLASH FLOOD (ONE OF HAZARDS LINKED TO TROPICAL CYCLONE)

(GENERAL FLOOD: SLOWLY RISING WATER LEVELS CAUSED BY RAINFALL OR SNOWMELT; FLASH FLOOD: RAPIDLY RISING WATER LEVELS, CAUSED BY RAINFALL, DAM BURSTโ ฆ) $BVTFT BOE SJTL GBDUPST

ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย

)B[BSE TQFDJmD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT

$PNCJOF XJUI (FOFSJD NJUJHBUJPO BOE QSFQBSFEOFTT NFBTVSFT PO QBHF

56 DRR AND WASH

ย %BNBHF UISPVHI FSPTJPO JT B TFSJPVT SJTL FYBNQMFT PG NFBTVSFT DPOTUSVDU BEFRVBUF GPVOEBUJPOT EJH JO QJQFT EFFQ FOPVHI UP BWPJE VODPWFSJOH QSPUFDU TUSVDUVSFT GSPN FSPTJPO UISPVHI JOTUBMMBUJPO PG ESBJOBHF DIBOOFMT BSPVOE UIFN MJOJOH PS QSPUFDUJOH DIBOOFMT UISPVHI TUSVDUVSFT UIBU EJTTJQBUF FOFSHZ PS DPOUSPM FSPTJPO F H DIFDL XBMMT EJTTJQBUPST HBCJPOT WFHFUBUJPO CVJME JNQFSNFBCMF TMBCT BSPVOE TUSVDUVSFT MJLF XFMMT DPWFS QJQFT XJUI B DPODSFUF TMBC PS QMBDF UIFN JO B DPODSFUF CFBN FOTVSF TFEJNFOUT BSF EFBMU XJUI BEFRVBUFMZ UISPVHI SFHVMBS DMFBOJOH TFUUMJOH CBTJOT QSPQFS CBDLยนMMJOH BOE DPNQBDUJOH PG USFODIFT CVJME SFUFOUJPO XBMMT PS HBCJPO TUSVDUVSFT UP DPOTPMJEBUF UIF TPJM UFSSBDJOH FOTVSF UIF DBQBDJUZ PG UIF ESBJOBHF TUSVDUVSFT BSF BEFRVBUF FOTVSF QSPQFSMZ EJNFOTJPOFE PWFSยบPX TUSVDUVSFT GPS EBNT ย &SPTJPO NBZ DIBOHF UIF DPVSTF PG SJWFST QPUFOUJBMMZ MFBEJOH UP MPTT PG JOUBLF T *G UIJT XFSF UP IBQQFO B TUSBUFHZ NVTU CF QSFTFOU UP EFBM XJUI UIJT ย "SFBT UIBU BSF OPU DPWFSFE XJUI WFHFUBUJPO F H EFGPSFTUFE BSFBT VSCBO BSFBT EJTDIBSHF NPSF XBUFS BOE EJTDIBSHF JU NPSF SBQJEMZ UIBO BSFBT XJUI WFHFUBUJPO XIFSF QPTTJCMF BWPJE EFGPSFTUBUJPO BOE XIFSF SFMFWBOU BOE QPTTJCMF SFGPSFTU DBUDINFOU CBTJOT ย &OTVSF UIBU CZ EJTDIBSHJOH XBUFS SBQJEMZ BOE FGGFDUJWFMZ JO POF BSFB OP QSPCMFNT BSF DSFBUFE JO BSFBT GVSUIFS EPXOTUSFBN ย &NQUZ QJQFT DIBNCFST BOE SFTFSWPJST DBO CF QVTIFE VQXBSE UISPVHI ยบPBUBUJPO JG UIJT JT B SJTL BWPJE FNQUZJOH UIFTF TUSVDUVSFT FOUJSFMZ

1SPMPOHFE SBJOT 4OPXNFMU #SFBDI PG EBN PVUCVSTU PG HMBDJBM MBLF 5PQPHSBQIZ %FGPSFTUBUJPO 1PPS TUPSNXBUFS ESBJOBHF 1PPS TPMJE XBTUF NBOBHFNFOU 6SCBOJTBUJPO 1PPS XBUFS NBOBHFNFOU 1PPS GBSNJOH QSBDUJDFT

*OGSBTUSVDUVSF ย - PDBUJPO DPOEJUJPO JEFOUJGZ BOE NBQ SJTL BSFBT BWPJE MPX MZJOH BSFBT BOE OBUVSBM ESBJOBHF QBUIT VODPOTPMJEBUFE TPJMT UIBU NBZ FSPEF PS TPJMT UIBU TISJOL TXFMM VOEFS UIF FGGFDU PG XBUFS BSF B SJTL BWPJE BSFBT DMPTF UP MPX MZJOH DPBTUMJOFT PS SJWFS CBOLT BWPJE UIF PVUFS CFOET PG SJWFST BT FSPTJPO JT TUSPOHFS IFSF JOOFS CFOET BOE TUSBJHIU TUSFUDIFT BSF MFTT BU SJTL BWPJE BSFBT DMPTF UP OBUVSBM ESBJOBHF DIBOOFMT JOTUBMM TUSVDUVSFT PO TPJMT XJUI BEFRVBUF MPBE CFBSJOH DBQBDJUZ DBQBDJUZ SFEVDFT JG IVNJEJUZ JODSFBTFT BDDFTTJCMF MPDBUJPO SFMPDBUF TFSWJDFT UIBU BSF BU SJTL PG ยบPPEJOH PS JUT FGGFDUT F H IJHI XBUFS MFWFMT FSPTJPO EFQPTJUT PG TFEJNFOUT QPUFOUJBMMZ EFTUSVDUJWF ยบPBUJOH EFCSJT TPJMT UIBU TISJOL TXFMM

ย 6 TF NBUFSJBMT UIBU SFTJTU UIF FGGFDUT PG ยบPPEJOH BOE FSPTJPO F H DPODSFUF TUSVDUVSFT XJUI TPMJE GPVOEBUJPOT DIPPTF NBUFSJBMT XJUI IJHI TUSFOHUI JO BSFBT UIBU DPVME CF FYQPTFE UP TUSPOH DVSSFOUT PS ยบPBUJOH EFCSJT VTF IJHI TUSFOHUI RVBMJUZ DPNQPOFOUT ย 2 VBMJUZ PG SBX XBUFS JT MJLFMZ UP CF BGGFDUFE CZ ยบPPEJOH USZ UP EFTJHO UIF TUSVDUVSF TP UIFSF JT DBQBDJUZ UP EFBM XJUI DIBOHFT JO XBUFS RVBMJUZ USZ UP IBWF JEFOUJGZ SFMJBCMF BMUFSOBUJWF TPVSDFT PG XBUFS ย $ POTUSVDU JOTUBMM TP UIBU TUSVDUVSFT SFTJTU UIF FGGFDUT PG ยบPPEJOH F H CSJEHF QJQFT PWFS OBUVSBM ESBJOBHF DIBOOFMT BMUFSOBUJWFMZ EJH JO QJQFT JOTUBMM QJQF BODIPST JO TPMJE TPJM DMPTF UP BSFBT BU SJTL CVJME DPWFST PG XFMMT SFTFSWPJST UBOLT BOE WJTJU DIBNCFST DMPTF XFMMT SFTFSWPJST UBOLT BOE WJTJU DIBNCFST BEFRVBUFMZ UP FYDMVEF BT NVDI BT QPTTJCMF ยบPPE XBUFS BOE TFEJNFOUT SFJOGPSDFNFOU PG XFMMT SJTF TUSVDUVSFT F H XFMM PQFOJOHT FOUSZ FYJU QPJOUT GPS QJQFT JO XFMMT MBUSJOF BU MFBTU NFUSFT BCPWF UIF NBYJNVN ยบPPE MFWFM JOTUBMM FMFDUSJDBM JOTUBMMBUJPOT XFMM BCPWF UIF NBYJNVN ยบPPE MFWFM USFBU XBMMT BOE TUSVDUVSFT UP QSPUFDU BHBJOTU ยบPPE XBUFS SFQBJS MFBLT NBJOUBJO I QSFTTVSF JO XBUFS EJTUSJCVUJPOT TZTUFNT UP BWPJE FOUSBODF PG DPOUBNJOBUFE XBUFS BOE PS TPMJET TJMU NVE JO UIF TZTUFN FOTVSF QSFTFODF PG QSPQFS TBOJUBSZ TFBM JO XFMMT BOE CPSFIPMFT QMBDF JOUBLF TUSVDUVSFT XIFSF ยบPBUJOH EFCSJT DBOOPU BGGFDU JU F H CZ QMBDJOH UIF JOUBLF JO B DIBOOFM QMBDFE MBUFSBMMZ GSPN UIF SJWFS BEFRVBUFMZ SFJOGPSDF BOE CSBDF SFTFSWPJST BOE PUIFS TUSVDUVSFT XIFSF UIFSF JT B SJTL PG ยบPPEXBUFS CBDLJOH VQ UISPVHI TFXFSBHF TZTUFNT JOTUBMM TFXFS CBDLยบPX WBMWFT NBLF SPVOE QJUT GPS MBUSJOFT UP SFEVDF SJTL PG DPMMBQTF BEFRVBUFMZ MJOF MBUSJOF QJUT JO VODPOTPMJEBUFE TPJMT JOTUBMM B TMBC BSPVOE UIF MBUSJOF QJU

*OQVUT ย 8BUFS RVBMJUZ BOE BWBJMBCJMJUZ CPUI PG SBX XBUFS BOE BU UIF MFWFM PG VTFST XJMM DIBOHF XIFO ยบPPEJOH PDDVST TDFOBSJPT GPS EFBMJOH XJUI UIJT BEFRVBUFMZ BSF OFFEFE JEFOUJGZ BOE QSFQBSF QPUFOUJBM BDDFTT VTF PG BMUFSOBUJWF XBUFS TPVSDFT B TZTUFN PG NPOJUP SJOH XBUFS BWBJMBCJMJUZ BOE RVBMJUZ CPUI PG SBX XBUFS BOE BU UIF MFWFM PG VTFST NBZ CF OFFEFE

HAZARD: STORM SURGE (ONE OF HAZARDS LINKED TO TROPICAL CYCLONE) (SHORT-TERM RISE IN SEA LEVEL ABOVE NORMALLY EXPECTED TIDE) $BVTFT BOE SJTL GBDUPST

ย ย ย ย

)B[BSE TQFDJmD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT

$PNCJOF XJUI (FOFSJD NJUJHBUJPO BOE QSFQBSFEOFTT NFBTVSFT PO QBHF

5SPQJDBM DZDMPOF 4UPSN 'PSN PG DPBTU MJOF BOE TFBCFE )JHI UJEF

ย 4FF IB[BSE TQFDJยนD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT NFOUJPOFE VOEFS UTVOBNJ QBHF

DRR AND WASH 57

ANNEX

HAZARD: WIND STORM (ONE OF HAZARDS LINKED TO TROPICAL CYCLONE) (WINDS WITH HIGH SPEEDS)

HAZARD: EXTREME TEMPERATURES - HIGH TEMPERATURES (WINDS WITH HIGH SPEEDS)

$BVTFT BOE SJTL GBDUPST

ย $MJNBUPMPHJDBM QSPDFTTFT ย 8FBUIFS QSPDFTTFT

$BVTFT BOE SJTL GBDUPST

ย $MJNBUPMPHJDBM QSPDFTTFT ย 8FBUIFS QSPDFTTFT

)B[BSE TQFDJmD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT

$PNCJOF XJUI (FOFSJD NJUJHBUJPO BOE QSFQBSFEOFTT NFBTVSFT PO QBHF

)B[BSE TQFDJmD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT

$PNCJOF XJUI (FOFSJD NJUJHBUJPO BOE QSFQBSFEOFTT NFBTVSFT PO QBHF

*G TUPSN TVSHF JT B SJTL DPNCJOF XJUI IB[BSE TQFDJmD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT VOEFS UTVOBNJ QBHF *OGSBTUSVDUVSF ย - PDBUJPO DPOEJUJPO JEFOUJGZ BOE NBQ SJTL BSFBT GPS TUSVDUVSFT WVMOFSBCMF UP TUSPOH XJOE BWPJE IJHIFS BSFBT SJEHFT ยบBU UFSSBJO PQFO HSPVOE XIFSF VOBWPJEBCMF BTTFTT NJUJHBUJPO NFUIPET JO BSFBT BU SJTL PG DPMMBQTJOH QPMFT BOUFOOBT USFFT ยบZJOH SPPยนOH NBUFSJBMT BDDFTTJCMF MPDBUJPO ย 6 TF NBUFSJBMT UIBU SFTJTU UIF FGGFDUT PG TUSPOH XJOET F H DPODSFUF TUSVDUVSFT PWFS XPPEFO TUSVDUVSFT VTF IJHI TUSFOHUI RVBMJUZ DPNQPOFOUT ย 2 VBMJUZ PG SBX XBUFS DBO CF BGGFDUFE CZ UIF FGGFDUT PG TUPSNT USZ UP EFTJHO UIF TUSVDUVSF TP UIFSF JT DBQBDJUZ UP EFBM XJUI DIBOHFT JO XBUFS RVBMJUZ USZ UP IBWF JEFOUJGZ SFMJBCMF BMUFSOBUJWF TPVSDFT PG XBUFS ย $ POTUSVDU JOTUBMM TP BT UP CFUUFS SFTJTU UIF FGGFDUT PG TUSPOH XJOET F H CVJME DPWFST PG SFTFSWPJST BOE UBOLT JO SFTJTUBOU NBUFSJBMT EJBHPOBM CSBDJOH PG SBJTFE SFTFSWPJST BODIPSJOH TUSVDUVSFT UIBU NBZ UBLF XJOE F H TUFFM SFTFSWPJST QPMFT FOTVSF SPPG TUSVDUVSFT BSF TUSPOH FOPVHI BOE SBGUFST BSF BUUBDIFE QSPQFSMZ UP XBMMT BWPJE CVJMEJOHT XJUI MBSHF VOTVQQPSUFE TQBOT CSBDF HBCMFT PG SPPG FOTVSF SPPยนOH NBUFSJBM JT BUUBDIFE BEFRVBUFMZ TFDVSF BOE SFJOGPSDF EPPST EBNBHF NBZ DPNF GSPN XJOE PS GSPN ยบZJOH EFCSJT JOTUBMM TUPSN TIVUUFST JO GSPOU PG PQFOJOHT BOE XJOEPXT XIFSF QPTTJCMF TFBM TUSVDUVSFT TP XJOE DBOOPU FOUFS SFNPWF EFCSJT BOE MPPTF NBUFSJBMT UIBU NBZ EBNBHF XBUFS QJQFT BOE PUIFS TUSVDUVSFT FOTVSF TUSVDUV SFT BSF XFMM JOTUBMMFE BOE BODIPSFE ย 3 FTFSWPJST BSF NPTU WVMOFSBCMF XIFO UIFZ BSF FNQUZ LFFQ SFTFSWPJST GVMM EVSJOH B TUPSN UIBU JODMVEFT XBUFS UPXFST

.BUFSJBMT ย 8IFSF OFDFTTBSZ FOTVSF NBUFSJBMT BSF BEFRVBUFMZ BODIPSFE

*OGSBTUSVDUVSF ย 8BUFS EFNBOE XJMM CF IJHIFS FOPVHI DBQBDJUZ PG TVQQMZ NVTU CF CVJMU JO UIF TZTUFN ย $POTUSVDU JOTUBMM TP BT UP CFUUFS SFTJTU UIF FGGFDUT PG IJHI UFNQFSBUVSFT DMPTF XFMMT SFTFSWPJST UBOLT BOE WJTJU DIBNCFST BEFRVBUFMZ UP FYDMVEF EVTU BOE NJOJNJTF FWBQPSBUJPO VTF IJHI TUSFOHUI RVBMJUZ DPNQPOFOUT FOTVSF UIBU CVJMEJOHT IBWF B HPPE DJSDVMBUJPO PG BJS JOTUBMM SPPG XJUI EPVCMF DFJMJOH XJUI BEFRVBUF WFOUJMBUJPO CFUXFFO UIF UXP IJHI DFJMJOHT BSF QSFGFSBCMF PWFS MPX DFJMJOHT JOTUBMM SPPG WFOUJMB UPST JOTVMBUF CVJMEJOHT TIBEF JOGSBTUSVDUVSF XIFSF OFFEFE QBJOUJOH TUSVDUVSFT JO MJHIU DPMPVST SFยบFDUT IFBU JOTUBMM TIBEF TDSFFOT PWFS PQFOJOHT JOTUBMM WFOUJMBUJPO JO SPPยนOH TUSVDUVSFT FOTVSF IFBU QSPEVDFE CZ NBDIJOFSZ JT FWBDVBUFE QSPQFSMZ XPSL BSFBT BOE NBUFSJBMT UIBU IBWF UP CF IBOEMFE TIPVME CF JO TIBEFE BSFBT TFU VQ B TZTUFN PG SBQJE EFUFDUJPO BOE SFQBJS PG EBNBHF ย *O ESZ DPOEJUJPOT DPODSFUF TIPVME CF LFQU NPJTU EVSJOH DVSJOH .BUFSJBMT ย 5IF IFBU NBZ BGGFDU NBUFSJBMT BOE FRVJQNFOU DIFNJDBMT XJMM VTVBMMZ EFHSBEF NPSF SBQJEMZ JO IPU DPOEJUJPOT TUPSF JO DPPMFS BSFBT NBDIJOFSZ NBZ PWFSIFBU JOTUBMM GBOT UP DPPM FRVJQNFOU DMFBO NBDIJOFSZ JG UIFSF JT CVJME VQ PG EVTU TFOTJUJWF NBUFSJBMT BOE FRVJQNFOU NBZ OFFE BJS DPOEJUJPOJOH *OQVUT ย 8BUFS RVBMJUZ BOE BWBJMBCJMJUZ CPUI PG SBX XBUFS BOE BU UIF MFWFM PG VTFST NBZ DIBOHF XIFO B QFSJPE PG FYUSFNF IFBU PDDVST SFTFSWPJST BOE SJWFS ESZ VQ PS SVO MPX BOE HSPVOEXBUFS JT OPU SFDIBSHFE TDFOBSJPT GPS EFBMJOH XJUI UIJT BEFRVBUFMZ BSF OFFEFE JEFOUJGZ BOE QSFQBSF QPUFOUJBM BDDFTT VTF PG BMUFSOBUJWF XBUFS TPVSDFT B TZTUFN PG NPOJUPSJOH XBUFS BWBJMBCJMJUZ BOE RVBMJUZ CPUI PG SBX XBUFS BOE BU UIF MFWFM PG VTFST NBZ CF OFFEFE

*OQVUT ย 8 BUFS BWBJMBCJMJUZ BU VTFS MFWFM NBZ DIBOHF XIFO B XJOE TUPSN PDDVST TDFOBSJPT GPS EFBMJOH XJUI UIJT BEFRVBUFMZ BSF OFFEFE JEFOUJGZ BOE QSFQBSF QPUFOUJBM BDDFTT VTF PG BMUFSOBUJWF XBUFS TPVSDFT B TZTUFN PG NPOJUPSJOH XBUFS BWBJMBCJMJUZ BOE RVBMJUZ NBZ CF OFFEFE Other ย 5 BLF DBSF XJUI FMFNFOUT UIBU TVSSPVOE TUSVDUVSFT USFFT PS TUSVDUVSFT F H BOUFOOBT QPXFS MJOFT UPXFST NBZ GBMM PWFS VOEFS UIF FGGFDU PG TUSPOH XJOET PS ยบZJOH EFCSJT USJN PS DVU USFFT UIBU NJHIU CF B UISFBU BODIPS TUSVDUVSFT MPPTF NBUFSJBMT NBZ CFDPNF EBOHFSPVT QSPKFDUJMFT SFNPWF BMM OPO FTTFOUJBM NBUFSJBMT BUUBDI PS BODIPS PS CSBDF NBUFSJBMT UIBU DBOOPU CF SFNPWFE

58 DRR AND WASH

DRR AND WASH 59

ANNEX

HAZARD: EXTREME TEMPERATURES - LOW TEMPERATURES $BVTFT BOE SJTL GBDUPST

ย $MJNBUPMPHJDBM QSPDFTTFT ย 8FBUIFS QSPDFTTFT

)B[BSE TQFDJmD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT

$PNCJOF XJUI (FOFSJD NJUJHBUJPO BOE QSFQBSFEOFTT NFBTVSFT PO QBHF *OGSBTUSVDUVSF ย - PDBUJPO DPOEJUJPO JEFOUJGZ BOE NBQ SJTL BSFBT XIFSF ESJGUJOH TOPX DPVME CF BO JTTVF USZ UP MPDBUF TUSVDUVSFT TP UIBU UIFZ BSF FYQPTFE UP XJOE BOE TVO QMBDF TUSVDUVSFT BOE JOTUBMMBUJPOT XIFSF UIF SJTL PG EFTUSVDUJPO CZ NPWJOH JDF JT SFEVDFE JOTUBMM TUSVDUVSFT PO TPJMT XJUI BEFRVBUF MPBE CFBSJOH DBQBDJUZ DBQBDJUZ SFEVDFT JG IVNJEJUZ JODSFBTFT BDDFTTJCMF MPDBUJPO ย 6 TF NBUFSJBMT BOE EFTJHOT UIBU SFTJTU UIF DPME F H .%1& BOE )%1& QJQFT BSF NPSF SFTJTUBOU UP GSFF[JOH DPOEJUJPOT UIBO 617$ QJQFT VTF PG QSF JOTVMBUFE QJQFT JOTUBMM QJQF TZTUFNT TP XBUFS DBO SFNBJO JO QFSNBOFOU DJSDVMBUJPO JO BSFBT XIFSF QPQVMBUJPO EFOTJUZ JT MPX BOE UIF SJTL PG GSFF[JOH DPOEJUJPOT JT IJHI EFDFOUSBMJTFE TZTUFNT NBZ CF NPSF BEFRVBUF UIBO DFOUSBMJTFE TZTUFNT USZ UP BWPJE EFBE FOET JO EFTJHOJOH QJQFE TZTUFNT VTF IJHI TUSFOHUI RVBMJUZ DPNQPOFOUT ย 2 VBMJUZ PG SBX XBUFS NBZ CF BGGFDUFE CZ UIF FGGFDUT PG GSFF[JOH UFNQFSBUVSFT USZ UP EFTJHO UIF TUSVDUVSF TP UIFSF JT DBQBDJUZ UP EFBM XJUI DIBOHFT JO XBUFS RVBMJUZ USZ UP IBWF JEFOUJGZ SFMJBCMF BMUFSOBUJWF TPVSDFT PG XBUFS ย $ POTUSVDU JOTUBMM TP BT UP CFUUFS SFTJTU UIF FGGFDUT PG FYUSFNF DPME JDF FYQBOET BOE DBO DSVTI DPNQPOFOUT JO TZTUFNT F H DPOTJEFS UIF XFJHIU BOE QPUFOUJBM NPWF NFOUT PG TOPX BOE JDF VOEFSHSPVOE SFTFSWPJST BSF MFTT FYQPTFE UIBO SFTFSWPJST QMBDFE PO UIF TVSGBDF XBUFS NBTTFT JO MBSHF SFTFSWPJST XJMM GSFF[F MFTT RVJDLMZ UIBO TNBMM SFTFSWPJST VTF TVCNFSTJCMF QVNQT PWFS TVSGBDF NPVOUFE QVNQ JOTUBMM QVNQT FYQPTFE WBMWFT QJQFT BOE SFTFSWPJST JOTJEF CVJMEJOHT PS JOTVMBUF UIFN QMBDF QJQFT EFFQ FOPVHI UP BWPJE GSPTU JOTUBMM QVSQPTF NBEF FMFDUSJD IFBUJOH DBCMFT JOTJEF QJQFT LFFQ XBUFS ยบPXJOH UISPVHI SFDJSDVMBUJPO PS MFBWJOH TPNF UBQT PQFO ESBJO QJQFT XIFO OPU JO VTF QSPUFDU TVSGBDF XBUFS JOUBLFT GSPN CMPDLT PG JDF NBLF SPVOE QJUT GPS MBUSJOFT UP SFEVDF SJTL PG DPMMBQTF BEFRVBUFMZ MJOF MBUSJOF QJUT CVJME UIF SPPยนOH PG TUSVDUVSFT TP UIFZ XJMM SFTJTU UIF XFJHIU PG TOPX BOE JDF FNQMPZ TQFDJBMJTUT BOE XPSLFST XIP BSF GBNJMJBS XJUI MPDBM DPOEJUJPOT BOE FYQFSJFODFE XJUI XPSLJOH JO BOE TFUUJOH VQ TZTUFNT GPS DPME XFBUIFS DPOEJUJPOT )VNBO SFTPVSDFT ย 1 SPUFDU TUBGG GSPN DPME DPME NBZ BMTP CF BO JTTVF BCPWF GSFF[JOH QPJOU FOTVSF UIBU UIF TQBDFT XIFSF QFPQMF BSF BU XPSL BSF XBSN FOPVHI JOTUBMM IFBUJOH DPOTJEFS UIF SJTLT PG ยนSF BOE DBSCPO NPOPYJEF QPJTPOJOH JOTVMBUJPO PG XBMMT ยบPPST BOE SPPGT NJOJNJTF ESBVHIUT UISPVHI PQFOJOHT LFFQ DFJMJOHT MPX JOTUBMM TNBMM XJOEPXT QSPUFDU XJUI TIVUUFST PS EPVCMF HMB[JOH 0SHBOJTBUJPO ย $ PME UFNQFSBUVSFT BGGFDU DIFNJDBM BOE QIZTJDBM QSPDFTTFT MPOHFS DPOUBDU UJNFT BSF OFFEFE GPS DIMPSJOBUJPO BOE PUIFS EJTJOGFDUJPO NFUIPET UP CF FGGFDUJWF CFDBVTF PG IJHIFS WJTDPTJUZ PG XBUFS IFBE MPTT JO USFBUNFOU TZTUFNT BOE QJQFT JT IJHIFS DPNQBSFE UP XBSNFS DPOEJUJPOT OBUVSBM BOE BTTJTUFE TFEJNFOUBUJPO QSPDFTTFT XJMM CF TMPXFS QVNQJOH SFRVJSFT NPSF FOFSHZ

60 DRR AND WASH

HAZARD: EXTREME TEMPERATURES - LOW TEMPERATURES

ย 'SFF[JOH DPOEJUJPOT DBO NBLF DPOTUSVDUJPO BOE NBJOUFOBODF XPSLT NPSF DIBMMFOHJOH F H DVSJOH DPODSFUF IBT UP CF QSPUFDUFE GSPN GSPTU QBJOUJOH TIPVME CF EPOF BCPWF GSFF[JOH UFNQFSBUVSFT GSP[FO TPJM JT NPSF TUBCMF UIBO UIBXFE TPJM ย 5IF SJTL PG TZTUFN GBJMVSF JT IJHI JO TVC [FSP DPOEJUJPOT BOE BMUFSOBUJWFT UP FTTFOUJBM TZTUFNT IBWF UP CF JO QMBDF F H XBUFS USVDLJOH

*OQVUT ย 8BUFS RVBMJUZ BOE BWBJMBCJMJUZ CPUI PG SBX XBUFS BOE BU UIF MFWFM PG VTFST NBZ DIBOHF EVSJOH B DPME XBWF TDFOBSJPT GPS EFBMJOH XJUI UIJT BEFRVBUFMZ BSF OFFEFE JEFOUJGZ BOE QSFQBSF QPUFOUJBM BDDFTT VTF PG BMUFSOBUJWF XBUFS TPVSDFT B TZTUFN PG NPOJUPSJOH XBUFS BWBJMBCJMJUZ BOE RVBMJUZ CPUI PG SBX XBUFS BOE BU UIF MFWFM PG VTFST NBZ CF OFFEFE

HAZARD: DROUGHT (LONGER PERIOD OF TIME WITH BELOW AVERAGE AMOUNTS OF PRECIPITATION) $BVTFT BOE SJTL GBDUPST

ย $MJNBUPMPHJDBM QSPDFTTFT ย 8FBUIFS QSPDFTTFT

)B[BSE TQFDJmD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT

$PNCJOF XJUI (FOFSJD NJUJHBUJPO BOE QSFQBSFEOFTT NFBTVSFT PO QBHF *OGSBTUSVDUVSF ย -PDBUJPO DPOEJUJPO DIPPTF MPDBUJPOT GPS TUSVDUVSFT UIBU SFEVDF UIF JNQBDU PG ESPVHIU F H QMBDF XFMMT BOE CPSFIPMFT JO BSFBT XIFSF HSPVOEXBUFS MFWFM JT SFMBUJWFMZ IJHI CF DBSFGVM JO DPBTUBM BSFBT BOE BSFBT XJUI TBMJOF BRVJGFST UIF JOUFSGBDF CFUXFFO GSFTI BOE TBMJOF XBUFS NBZ ยบVDUVBUF SFTVMUJOH JO B SFEVDFE GSFTI XBUFS TVQQMZ CPSFIPMFT UIBU BSF UPP EFFQ PS UIBU BSF PWFS QVNQFE NBZ TUBSU ZJFMEJOH TBMJOF XBUFS SFTVMUJOH JO MPTT PG UIF CPSFIPMF JO IVNJE [POFT BWPJE JOTUBMMJOH TUSVDUVSFT JO BSFBT XJUI FYQBOTJWF TPJMT DIPPTF BO BDDFTTJCMF MPDBUJPO ย %FTJHO TZTUFNT TP BT UP NBYJNJTF XBUFS VTF FGยนDJFODZ F H SFQBJS NBKPS MFBLT FGGFDUJWF MFBLBHF EFUFDUJPO BOE SFQBJS TZTUFN CVJME TQSJOH CPY XJUI TQSJOHT UP SFEVDF XBTUF EVSJOH UJNFT PG MPX EFNBOE JOTUBMM DBUUMF USPVHIT UP NJOJNJTF XBUFS MPTT BU XBUFSJOH QPJOUT JOTUBMM ESJQ JSSJHBUJPO TZTUFNT JOTUFBE PG TZTUFNT MJLF GVSSPX CPSEFS PS TQSJOLMFS JSSJHBUJPO JOUSPEVDF TBGF TZTUFNT PG SFVTJOH XBTUFXBUFS ย 2VBMJUZ PG SBX XBUFS JT MJLFMZ UP CF BGGFDUFE JO ESPVHIU DPOEJUJPOT USZ UP EFTJHO UIF TUSVDUVSF TP UIFSF JT DBQBDJUZ UP EFBM XJUI DIBOHFT JO XBUFS RVBMJUZ USZ UP IBWF JEFOUJGZ SFMJBCMF BMUFSOBUJWF TPVSDFT PG XBUFS ย $POTUSVDU JOTUBMM TP BT UP CFUUFS SFTJTU UIF FGGFDUT PG ESPVHIU BOE NJOJNJTF XBUFS MPTT XIFSF EVTU JT BO JTTVF DMPTF XFMMT SFTFSWPJST UBOLT BOE WJTJU DIBNCFST BEFRVBUFMZ UIJT XJMM UP TPNF FYUFOU BMTP IFMQ JO SFEVDJOH FWBQPSBUJPO VTF RVBMJUZ DPNQPOFOUT SFQBJS BOE QSPUFDU FYJTUJOH DSJUJDBM XBUFS QPJOUT BOE FOTVSF QSPQFS NBJOUFOBODF FTQFDJBMMZ PG DSJUJDBM DPNQPOFOUT MJLF IBOEQVNQT F H UISPVHI JOUSPEVDUJPO PG B QBZNFOU TZTUFN GPS XBUFS VTF BOE NBJOUFOBODF PG QPJOU CVJME TFEJNFOUBUJPO USBQT UP DPOUSPM TJMUBUJPO ZFBSMZ EFTJMUJOH PG XBUFSJOH QBOT FYDBWBUJPO PG XBUFS QBOT

DRR AND WASH 61

ANNEX

HAZARD: DROUGHT ย 8 BUFS EFNBOE NJHIU JODSFBTF XIFSF QPTTJCMF NFBTVSFT TIPVME CF UBLFO UIBU JODSFBTF TUPSBHF DBQBDJUZ BOE ZJFME F H QSFQBSF XBUFSJOH QBOT XFMMT XJUI MBSHFS EJBNFUFS JOTUBMMJOH MBUFSBM DPMMFDUJPO QJQFT JO B XFMM JOTUBMM XBUFS TBWJOH NFBTVSFT DFSUBJO VTFT PG XBUFS F H JOEVTUSJBM JSSJHBUJPO NBZ IBWF UP CF MJNJUFE XBUFS CPSOF TBOJUBUJPO TZTUFNT F H TFXFSBHF TZTUFNT BSF WFSZ XBTUFGVM PG XBUFS BOE UIFJS VTF TIPVME CF MJNJUFE JO ESPVHIU QSPOF BSFBT ย 3 FTFSWPJST BOE SJWFST ESZ VQ PS SVO MPX BOE HSPVOEXBUFS SFยนMM XJMM CF MJNJUFE PS BCTFOU .FBTVSFT UIBU XJMM JODSFBTF TUPSBHF DBQBDJUZ SFDIBSHF SFTFSWPJST BRVJGFST JODSFBTF BDDFTT UP XBUFS PS JNQSPWF XBUFS NBOBHFNFOU TIPVME CF MPPLFE GPS F H NBQQJOH PG XBUFS TPVSDFT BOE UIFJS TUBUF VTF JOTUBMM OFX XBUFS TPVSDFT BGUFS TUVEZ PG VTFST OFFET ESJMM EFFQFS CPSFIPMFT EFFQFOJOH PG IBOEEVH XFMMT BSUJยนDJBM HSPVOEXBUFS SFDIBSHF UISPVHI GPS FYBNQMF UIF VTF PG DIFDL EBNT QFSDPMBUJPO QPOET DIBOOFM TZTUFNT SFDIBSHF QJUT JOTUBMMBUJPO PG TVC TVSGBDF EBNT NBLF PS QSFQBSF DPOUJOHFODZ XBUFS TPVSDFT JNQSPWF XBUFS NBOBHFNFOU TZTUFNT DIBOHF PG XBUFS BWBJMBCJMJUZ NBZ SFTVMU JO XBUFS EJTUSJCVUJPO TZTUFNT OPU CFJOH VOEFS QSFTTVSF DPOUJOVPVTMZ JODSFBTJOH UIF SJTL PG DPOUBNJOBUJPO PG UIF TZTUFN " TZTUFN PG NPOJUPSJOH PG XBUFS RVBMJUZ NVTU CF QSFTFOU BOE QSPCMFNT NVTU CF RVJDLMZ FMJNJOBUFE ย 5 IF MBDL PG XBUFS NBZ SFTVMU JO B CVJME VQ PG TPJM EFCSJT BOE XBTUF JO TUPSNXBUFS ESBJOBHF TZTUFNT XIFSF UIJT JT BO JTTVF UIF TZTUFN NVTU SFHVMBSMZ CF DMFBOFE PVU ย % SPVHIU DPOEJUJPOT NBZ SFTVMU JO NPSF EVTU TVTDFQUJCMF TZTUFNT XJMM IBWF UP CF QSPUFDUFE ย *O ESZ DPOEJUJPOT DPODSFUF TIPVME CF LFQU NPJTU EVSJOH DVSJOH 0SHBOJTBUJPO ย 4 USBUFHJD TVQQMFNFOUJOH XBUFS TVQQMZ F H USBOTQPSUJOH XBUFS UP DBUUMF IFSEFST NBZ CF KVTUJยนFE *OQVUT ย 8BUFS RVBMJUZ BOE BWBJMBCJMJUZ CPUI PG SBX XBUFS BOE BU UIF MFWFM PG VTFST XJMM DIBOHF JO ESPVHIU SFTFSWPJST BOE SJWFS ESZ VQ PS SVO MPX BOE HSPVOEXBUFS JT OPU SFDIBSHFE TDFOBSJPT GPS EFBMJOH XJUI UIJT BEFRVBUFMZ BSF OFFEFE JEFOUJGZ BOE QSFQBSF QPUFOUJBM BDDFTT VTF PG BMUFSOBUJWF XBUFS TPVSDFT B TZTUFN PG NPOJUPSJOH XBUFS BWBJMBCJMJUZ BOE RVBMJUZ CPUI PG SBX XBUFS BOE BU UIF MFWFM PG VTFST NBZ CF OFFEFE Other ย * G OFDFTTBSZ EFWFMPQ DPOยบJDU NJUJHBUJPO TUSBUFHJFT XIFSF DPOยบJDU NBZ BSJTF PWFS XBUFS BDDFTT

62 DRR AND WASH

HAZARD: FIRE (UNCONTROLLED FIRE) $BVTFT BOE SJTL GBDUPST

ย ย ย ย

8FBUIFS DPOEJUJPOT IJHI UFNQFSBUVSF UIVOEFS

1SFTFODF PG GVFM 5PQPHSBQIZ )VNBO GBDUPST

)B[BSE TQFDJmD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT

$PNCJOF XJUI (FOFSJD NJUJHBUJPO BOE QSFQBSFEOFTT NFBTVSFT PO QBHF *OGSBTUSVDUVSF ย -PDBUJPO DPOEJUJPO JEFOUJGZ BOE NBQ SJTL BSFBT BWPJE BSFBT XJUI IJHI GVFM MPBET BWPJE [POFT DMPTF UP IVNBO BDUJWJUZ F H JOEVTUSZ UIBU IFJHIUFO ยนSF SJTL UIF SJTL PG XJMEยนSF JT MBSHFS JO DBOZPOT BOE PO TMPQFT DIPPTF BO BDDFTTJCMF MPDBUJPO ย %FWFMPQ TUSBUFHJFT UP SFEVDF UIF SJTL PG ยนSF EBNBHF EFWFMPQ NJUJHBUJPO TUSBUFHJFT UP EFBM XJUI IJHI GVFM MPBET BSPVOE JOTUBMMBUJPOT DSFBUF TBGFUZ [POFT XJUI NJOJNBM WFHFUBUJPO BOE ยบBNNBCMF NBUFSJBMT BSPVOE TUSVDUVSFT F H ยนSF CSFBLT DSFBUF B ยฐEFGFOTJCMF TQBDFยฑ XJUI B DMFBO [POF BOE B SFEVDFE GVFM [POF QSPWJEF NBUFSJBMT UP EFUFDU BOE DPQF XJUI TNBMM TDBMF ยนSFT F H BUUSJCVUFE XBUFS TBOE SFTFSWPJST XJUI NPUPS QVNQT TNPLF EFUFDUPST ยนSF FYUJOHVJTIFST ยนSF CMBOLFUT QSPUFDUJWF DMPUIJOH BOE USBJOJOH JO UIFJS VTF TUPSF MJRVJE HBT DPOUBJOFST JO TBGF BSFBT QSPUFDU FMFDUSJDBM TZTUFNT ย 6TF NBUFSJBMT UIBU SFTJTU ยนSFT F H VTF OPO ยบBNNBCMF DPOTUSVDUJPO NBUFSJBMT F H CSJDL DPODSFUF USFBU ยบBNNBCMF NBUFSJBMT XJUI ยนSF SFUBSEBOU DIFNJDBMT PS VTF NBUFSJBMT UIBU BSF QSF USFBUFE XJUI UIFTF BT SPPGT BSF QBSUJDVMBSMZ FYQPTFE FOTVSF SPPยนOH NBUFSJBMT BSF OPO ยบBNNBCMF VTF RVBMJUZ DPNQPOFOUT ย 2VBMJUZ PG XBUFS DBO CF BGGFDUFE CZ ยนSF BOE QPMMVUJPO PG XBUFS VTFE GPS RVFODIJOH USZ UP EFTJHO UIF TUSVDUVSF TP UIFSF JT DBQBDJUZ UP EFBM XJUI DIBOHFT JO XBUFS RVBMJUZ USZ UP IBWF JEFOUJGZ SFMJBCMF BMUFSOBUJWF TPVSDFT PG XBUFS ย $POTUSVDU JOTUBMM TP BT UP DPOUSPM UIF FGGFDUT PG ยนSF F H CVJME BU B EJTUBODF GSPN TPVSDFT PG GVFM CVJME DPWFST PG XFMMT SFTFSWPJST UBOLT BOE WJTJU DIBNCFST JO SFTJTUBOU NBUFSJBMT DMPTF XFMMT SFTFSWPJST UBOLT BOE WJTJU DIBNCFST BEFRVBUFMZ UP FYDMVEF BTIFT FOTVSF UIFSF BSF IZESBOUT JO VSCBO BSFBT *OQVUT ย -BSHF ยนSFT XJMM JODSFBTF XBUFS EFNBOE UIJT EFNBOE XJMM IBWF UP CF DPOTJEFSFE JO UIF TZTUFN EFTJHO JG QPTTJCMF NBJOUBJO QSFTTVSF I JO XBUFS EJTUSJCVUJPOT TZTUFNT UP BWPJE FOUSBODF PG QPMMVUJPO JO UIF TZTUFN BOE UP FOTVSF BWBJMBCJMJUZ PG XBUFS GPS RVFODIJOH ยนSFT ย -BSHF ยนSFT NBZ SFTVMU JO B EFHSBEBUJPO PG TVSGBDF XBUFS RVBMJUZ TZTUFNT NVTU CF JO QMBDF UP EFUFDU BOE EFBM XJUI UIJT

DRR AND WASH 63

ANNEX

HAZARD: EPIDEMIC

GENERIC MITIGATION AND PREPAREDNESS MEASURES

(INCREASE IN THE NUMBER OF CASES OF AN INFECTIOUS DISEASE ABOVE WHAT IS CONSIDERED NORMAL LEVEL) $BVTFT BOE SJTL GBDUPST

Â&#x2026; Â&#x2026; Â&#x2026; Â&#x2026; Â&#x2026; Â&#x2026; Â&#x2026;

1SFTFODF PS JOUSPEVDUJPO QBUIPHFO &OWJSPONFOU GBWPVSBCMF UP USBOTNJTTJPO F H QSFTFODF QBUIPHFOT WFDUPST IPTUT QPPS TBOJUBUJPO

*OBEFRVBUF TFSWJDFT 8"4) QVCMJD IFBMUI

#FIBWJPVS DBVTJOH USBOTNJTTJPO )JHI QPQVMBUJPO EFOTJUZ 1PQVMBUJPO EJTQMBDFNFOU -PX SFTJTUBODF PS JNNVOJUZ MFWFM JO QPQVMBUJPO

)B[BSE TQFDJmD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT

$PNCJOF XJUI (FOFSJD NJUJHBUJPO BOE QSFQBSFEOFTT NFBTVSFT PO QBHF *OGFDUJPO TQFDJmD NFBTVSFT Â&#x2026; 8 BUFS CPSOF JOGFDUJPOT NBJOUBJO BEFRVBUF RVBMJUZ PG SBX XBUFS SFQBJS MFBLT FOTVSF BEFRVBUF DIMPSJOBUJPO PG ESJOLJOH XBUFS TFU VQ TZTUFN PG RVBMJUZ DPOUSPM BOE TZTUFN PG EFBMJOH XJUI QPUFOUJBM DPOUBNJOBUJPO NBJOUBJO QSFTTVSF I JO XBUFS EJTUSJCVUJPOT TZTUFN FEVDBUF VTFST JO QSPQFS IBOEMJOH BOE VTF PG XBUFS Â&#x2026; & YDSFUB SFMBUFE JOGFDUJPOT FOTVSF UIBU FYDSFUB DBOOPU DPOUBNJOBUF FOWJSPONFOU PS DPNF JO DPOUBDU XJUI QFSTPOT BOJNBMT PS JOTFDUT TFU VQ TZTUFN PG RVBMJUZ DPOUSPM BOE TZTUFN PG EFBMJOH XJUI QPUFOUJBM JTTVFT FEVDBUF QSPQFS CFIBWJPVS XJUI SFTQFDU UP FYDSFUB Â&#x2026; ; PPOPTJT JOGFDUJPOT UIBU DBO CF USBOTNJUUFE GSPN BOJNBM UP IVNBO XIFSF SFMFWBOU DPOUSPM PG BOJNBM IPTUT F H SBUT FEVDBUF JO QSPQFS IBOEMJOH PG BOJNBM IPTUT Â&#x2026; 4 DIJTUPTPNJBTJT FOTVSF UIBU VTFST EP OPU OFFE UP DPNF JO DPOUBDU XJUI TVSGBDF XBUFS FEVDBUF JO USBOTNJTTJPO SPVUF BOE QSFWFOUJPO Â&#x2026; 8 BUFS XBTIFE JOGFDUJPOT FOTVSF BEFRVBUF XBUFS BWBJMBCJMJUZ FEVDBUF PO QFSTPOBM IZHJFOF Â&#x2026; . PTRVJUP CPSOF JOGFDUJPOT BEFRVBUF ESBJOBHF PG XBTUFXBUFS DMFBO XBUFS "OPQIFMFT BOE "FEFT NPTRVJUPFT PSHBOJDBMMZ DPOUBNJOBUFE XBUFS $VMFY NPTRVJUPFT NBOBHFNFOU PG TPMJE XBTUF "FEFT BOE $VMFY NPTRVJUPFT BWPJE DSFBUJOH CSFFEJOH TJUFT JO XBUFS TVQQMZ TZTUFNT "OPQIFMFT BOE "FEFT NPTRVJUPFT FEVDBUF JO USBOTNJTTJPO SPVUF BOE QSFWFOUJPO Â&#x2026; - PVTF CPSOF JOGFDUJPOT FOTVSF BEFRVBUF XBUFS BWBJMBCJMJUZ FEVDBUF PO USBOTNJTTJPO SPVUF BOE QSFWFOUJPO *OGSBTUSVDUVSF Â&#x2026; 2 VBMJUZ PG XBUFS DBO CF BGGFDUFE CZ FQJEFNJDT USZ UP EFTJHO UIF TUSVDUVSF TP UIFSF JT DBQBDJUZ UP EFBM XJUI DIBOHFT JO XBUFS RVBMJUZ USZ UP IBWF JEFOUJGZ SFMJBCMF BMUFSOBUJWF TPVSDFT PG XBUFS Â&#x2026; "WPJE BSFBT XJUI BO FOWJSPONFOU GBWPVSBCMF UP EJTFBTF USBOTNJTTJPO )VNBO SFTPVSDFT Â&#x2026; #VJME UIF DBQBDJUZ PG TUBGG BOE DBSFUBLFST PO UIF QSPUFDUJPO PG QVCMJD IFBMUI *OQVUT Â&#x2026; 8 BUFS RVBMJUZ BOE FOWJSPONFOUBM TBOJUBUJPO NBZ CFDPNF DSVDJBM JO FQJEFNJDT TDFOBSJPT GPS BEFRVBUFMZ EFBMJOH XJUI DIBOHJOH SFRVJSFNFOUT BSF OFFEFE JEFOUJGZ BOE QSFQBSF QPUFOUJBM BDDFTT VTF PG BMUFSOBUJWF XBUFS TPVSDFT B TZTUFN PG NPOJUPSJOH 8"4) TFSWJDF MFWFM BOE RVBMJUZ NBZ CF OFFEFE

64 DRR AND WASH

(FOFSJD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT

$PNCJOF XJUI IB[BSE TQFDJmD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT BOE QSFQBSFEOFTT NFBTVSFT *OGSBTUSVDUVSF Â&#x2026; &OTVSF QSPQFS TBOJUBSZ TFBMT JO XFMMT BOE CPSFIPMFT Â&#x2026; %FTJHO TZTUFNT UP GBDJMJUBUF SFQBJST CVJME JO SFEVOEBODZ F H TUBOEBSEJTF DPNQPOFOUT TFU VQ B TZTUFN PG SBQJE EFUFDUJPO PG MFBLT PS PUIFS JTTVFT BOE SFQBJS JOTUBMM FOPVHI VOJPOT JO (* QJQF TZTUFNT JOTUBMM WBMWFT PO CPUI TJEFT PG QBSUT BU SJTL JO UIF TZTUFN VTF MPPQFE OFUXPSL TZTUFN PWFS CSBODIFE TZTUFNT JOTUBMM B HFOFSBUPS BT CBDL VQ GPS QPXFS HSJE )VNBO SFTPVSDFT Â&#x2026; 1SPUFDU TUBGG GSPN UIF QPUFOUJBM FGGFDUT PG IB[BSE FWFOU Â&#x2026; #VJME UIF DBQBDJUZ PG TUBGG BOE DBSFUBLFST Â&#x2026; &OTVSF SFMFWBOU JOGPSNBUJPO JT BWBJMBCMF UP TUBGG F H BSFBT BU SJTL TBGFUZ QSPDFEVSFT PSHBOJTBUJPOBM QSPDFEVSFT

Â&#x2026; &ODPVSBHF B DVMUVSF PG DPIFTJPO SFTQPOTJCJMJUZ BOE GPDVT PO RVBMJUZ BOE SFTVMUT JO UIF UFBNT Â&#x2026; &OTVSF UIFSF JT SFEVOEBODZ JO TUBGÂ¹OH XPSLFST TIPVME CF BCMF UP Â¹MM JO GPS FBDI PUIFS JG TPNFPOF JT OPU BCMF UP GVMÂ¹M IJT IFS SFTQPOTJCJMJUJFT .BUFSJBMT Â&#x2026; 6TF IJHI TUSFOHUI ÂºFYJCMF RVBMJUZ NBUFSJBMT Â&#x2026; 4UBOEBSEJTBUJPO PG NBUFSJBMT BOE FRVJQNFOU VTFE Â&#x2026; &OTVSF TUPSBHF GBDJMJUJFT BSF BCMF UP XJUITUBOE UIF IB[BSEPVT FWFOU BOE UIBU NBUFSJBMT BSF TUPSFE TBGFMZ Â&#x2026; &OTVSF TUPSBHF BOE USBOTQPSU TZTUFNT PG DIFNJDBMT F H DIMPSJOF EP OPU SFTVMU JO SJTL PG JOUPYJDBUJPO BOE PS DPOUBNJOBUJPO TBGFUZ JT BO JNQPSUBOU DSJUFSJPO JO UIF DIPJDF PG NBUFSJBMT F H QPXEFSFE DIMPSJOF QSPEVDUT WFSTVT DIMPSJOF HBT Â&#x2026; #VJME TBGFUZ NBSHJOT JO TUPDL MFWFMT USBOTQPSU DBQBDJUZ TQBSF FRVJQNFOU 0SHBOJTBUJPO Â&#x2026; #VJME SFEVOEBODZ JO UIF PSHBOJTBUJPO FOTVSF DPNQPOFOUT JO UIF PSHBOJTBUJPO DBO Â¹MM JO GPS FBDI PUIFS Â&#x2026; #VJME BVUPOPNZ JO UIF PSHBOJTBUJPO FOTVSF UIF PSHBOJTBUJPO JT TFU VQ TP UIBU UFBNT BSF BCMF UP GVODUJPO XJUI SFBTPOBCMF JOEFQFOEFODF Â&#x2026; 1VTI SFTQPOTJCJMJUZ UP UIF MPXFTU MFWFM BCMF UP IBOEMF UIBU SFTQPOTJCJMJUZ FOTVSF QSPQFS NPOJUPSJOH BOE GPMMPX VQ CVU HJWF SFBM SFTQPOTJCJMJUZ UP QFSTPOT MPXFS JO UIF IJFSBSDIZ &OTVSF EFDJTJPOT PO EBNBHF DPOUSPM TBGFUZ BOE TFDVSJUZ NFBTVSFT DBO CF NBEF FBTJMZ BOE SBQJEMZ "WPJE Â°UIF NBO XJUI UIF LFZ IBT HPOFÂ± TJUVBUJPOT Â&#x2026; #VJME JO TFDVSJUZ GBDUPST JO UIF PSHBOJTBUJPO TP UIBU DBQBDJUZ PG LFZ QBSUT PS GVODUJPOT PG UIF PSHBOJTBUJPO JT BEBQUFE UP UIF QPUFOUJBM OFFET JO DBTF PG FNFSHFODZ F H MPHJTUJDT DPNNVOJDBUJPO *U JT QPTTJCMF UIBU FYUFSOBM DBQBDJUZ IBT UP CF JEFOUJÂ¹FE BOE OFHPUJBUFE Â&#x2026; 4FU VQ TZTUFNT UP FOTVSF UIF NPTU WVMOFSBCMF IBWF BDDFTT UP TFSWJDFT

DRR AND WASH 65

ANNEX

GENERIC MITIGATION AND PREPAREDNESS MEASURES *OQVUT ย * EFOUJGZ BOE QSFQBSF BMUFSOBUJWF TPVSDFT PG XBUFS ย 4 FU VQ TZTUFNT PG RVBMJUZ DPOUSPM BOE PG EFBMJOH XJUI QPUFOUJBM DPOUBNJOBUJPO &OTVSF QSPUPDPMT GPS DIBOHFT JO XBUFS RVBMJUZ BOE BWBJMBCJMJUZ CPUI PG SBX XBUFS BOE BU UIF MFWFM PG VTFST BSF XPSLFE PVU BOE B TUSBUFHZ UP EFBM XJUI UIFTF JO QSBDUJDF JT QSFTFOU Users ย *OWPMWF VTFST JO TFSWJDF QSPWJTJPO &YUFSOBM JOGSBTUSVDUVSF BOE TFSWJDF QSPWJEFST ย & OTVSF BHSFFNFOUT BOE DPOUSBDUT PO CPSSPXFE MPBOFE SFOUFE PS TVCDPOUSBDUFE JOGSBTUSVDUVSF FRVJQNFOU BOE TFSWJDFT XJUI SFHBSET UP QPUFOUJBM IB[BSE FWFOUT BSF JO PSEFS BUUFOUJPO QPJOUT BSF MJBCJMJUZ CPUI UP TPDJFUZ BOE XJUI SFHBSE UP UIF PCKFDU JO VTF 3FTQPOTJCJMJUZ PG SFQBJS PS SFQMBDFNFOU DPOUJOVBUJPO PG TVCDPOUSBDUFE TFSWJDF TFDVSJUZ PG DPOUJOVBUJPO PG BHSFFNFOU Other ย -PCCZ GPS TVQQPSU JO NJUJHBUJPO BDUJWJUJFT JO TPDJFUZ BOE GPS UIF 8"4) TFSWJDFT ย 5SZ UP MJOL XJUI PUIFS POHPJOH NJUJHBUJPO JOJUJBUJWFT (FOFSJD QSFQBSFEOFTT NFBTVSFT

$PNCJOF XJUI IB[BSE TQFDJmD BOE HFOFSJD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT *OGSBTUSVDUVSF ย 1 SFQBSF JOGSBTUSVDUVSF GPS QPUFOUJBM IB[BSE FWFOU PS TFDPOEBSZ FGGFDUT F H NPOJUPS DPOEJUJPO BOE SFQBJS BOE NBJOUBJO JOGSBTUSVDUVSF JOTUBMM ESBJOBHF DIBOOFMT QSPUFDU QJQFT UIBU BSF FYQPTFE XIFO FWFOU JT JNNJOFOU UBLF FNFSHFODZ QSPUFDUJPO NFBTVSFT XFJHI EPXO SPPGT BOE ยนMM SFTFSWPJST UP TUBCJMJTF BHBJOTU XJOE TIVUUFS PQFOJOHT QSFQBSF GPS DIBOHFT JO OFFET F H QSFQBSF MBOEยนMM TJUF TP MBSHF RVBOUJUJFT PG EFCSJT DBO CF EJTQPTFE PG SBQJEMZ TUSVDUVSFT UP EFBM XJUI DIBOHFT JO XBUFS RVBMJUZ

ย 1 SFQBSF GPS EBNBHF JO JOGSBTUSVDUVSF FOTVSF MPDBM DBQBDJUZ GPS SFQBJS BOE PQFSBUJPO F H USBJO DPNNVOJUZ NFNCFST JO SFQBJS PQFSBUJPO BOE NPOJUPSJOH QSFQPTJUJPO HFOFSBUPS XJUI GVFM TUPDLQJMF BU FYUFSOBM TUBUJPOT QSFQPTJUJPO NBUFSJBMT BOE UPPMT TFU VQ TZTUFN GPS FBSMZ EFUFDUJPO PG JTTVFT F H CBDUFSJPMPHJDBM UFTUJOH PG XBUFS BU EJTUSJCVUJPO QPJOUT #BTFE PO EBNBHFT FYQFDUFE QSFQBSF TUSBUFHJFT BOE TZTUFNT GPS SBQJE SFDPWFSZ PG DSJUJDBM TFSWJDF MFWFMT BOE SFDPOTUSVDUJPO UBLJOH JOUP BDDPVOU UIF OFFE UP JODSFBTF SFTJMJFODF )VNBO SFTPVSDFT ย 1 SFQBSF GPS IVNBO SFTPVSDF JTTVFT GPMMPXJOH B IB[BSE FWFOU FOTVSF NPSF QFPQMF JO UIF DPNNVOJUZ IBWF UIF TLJMMT OFFEFE UP BEFRVBUFMZ PQFSBUF BOE NBJOUBJO TUSVDUV SFT QSFQBSF GPS DIBOHFT JO TUBGยนOH MFWFMT BOE PS SFEVDFE BDDFTT F H QSFQBSF TZTUFNT PG PQFSBUJPO XJUI SFEVDFE TUBGG MFWFMT ยนOE BMUFSOBUJWF NFBOT PG TBGF USBOTQPSU GPS TUBGG F H BHSFFNFOU XJUI PXOFS PG NPUPSJTFE CPBU UP USBOTQPSU TUBGG

FOTVSF TUBGG IBT UIF LOPXMFEHF BOE TLJMMT OFFEFE GPS EFBMJOH XJUI UIF FGGFDUT PG B IB[BSE FWFOU CPUI PO B QSPGFTTJPOBM BT B QFSTPOBM MFWFM F H TBGFUZ BOE TFDVSJUZ

66 DRR AND WASH

GENERIC MITIGATION AND PREPAREDNESS MEASURES JTTVFT XIFSF SFMFWBOU FOTVSF TUBGG DBO SFNBJO JO QMBDF BOE CF BVUPOPNPVT QPTTJCMZ XJUI GBNJMZ F H QSFQBSF TBGF TMFFQJOH TQBDFT QSFQPTJUJPO GPPE XBUFS GVFM TBGF IFBUJOH FRVJQNFOU LJUDIFO NBUFSJBMT NBUDIFT

ย 8IFSF SFMFWBOU GPSN JOUFSWFOUJPO UFBNT UIBU DBO UBLF PO TQFDJยนD UBTLT F H ยนSTU BJE TFBSDI BOE SFTDVF ยนSF ยนHIUJOH DPOUBJONFOU PG EBOHFSPVT XBTUF EBNBHF BTTFTTNFOU SBQJE SFQBJS NPOJUPSJOH PG RVBMJUZ 5FBNT IBWF UP CF USBJOFE BOE TVQQMJFE XJUI BEFRVBUF NBUFSJBMT BOE FRVJQNFOU ย *G SFMFWBOU TFU VQ TZTUFNT GPS TVQQPSU PG TUBGG F H NFOUBM IFBMUI TVQQPSU

ย %FWFMPQ TJNVMBUJPOT PG FNFSHFODJFT BOE FYFSDJTFT XJUI UFBNT BOE DPNNVOJUJFT TP BT UP CVJME VQ FYQFSJFODF BOE TLJMMT BOE UFTU TZTUFNT .BUFSJBMT ย 1SFQBSF WFIJDMF QBSL GPS FWFOU F H FOTVSF WFIJDMFT BSF JO PSEFS BOE FRVJQQFE CSJOH OPO FTTFOUJBM WFIJDMFT UP TBGFUZ TUPDL GVFM BOE TUSBUFHJDBMMZ QMBDF GVFM TUPSFT ย 1SFQBSF GPS BEEJUJPOBM OFFE JO USBOTQPSU WFIJDMFT NBZ CF EBNBHFE MPTU BEEJUJPOBM EFNBOET NBZ OFFE NPSF DBQBDJUZ PS EJGGFSFOU DBQBDJUZ F H OFFE GPS FYUSB USBOTQPSU DBQBDJUZ UP EFBM XJUI SFQBJST BOE DPOUSPMT OFFE UP USBOTQPSU MBSHF RVBOUJUJFT PG EFCSJT BGUFS FBSUIRVBLF PS ยบPPEJOH OFFE GPS XBUFS USVDLT 5SZ UP OFHPUJBUF BEEJUJPOBM DBQBDJUZ CFGPSFIBOE ย 1SFQBSF FRVJQNFOU GPS IB[BSE FWFOUT PCUBJO BEEJUJPOBM FRVJQNFOU XIFSF OFFEFE JOTUBMM FRVJQNFOU JO TBGFS MPDBUJPOT F H SBJTF MFWFM UP BWPJE ยบPPEJOH QMBDF FRVJQNFOU JO CVJMEJOH CSBDF FRVJQNFOU TUPSF OPO FTTFOUJBM FRVJQNFOU JO TBGF QMBDF QSPQPTJUJPO FRVJQNFOU XIFSF B OFFE NBZ BSJTF F H HFOFSBUPS XJUI GVFM TVQQMZ GPS CBDL VQ FOFSHZ TVQQMZ FOTVSF TUBGG JT GBNJMJBS XJUI PQFSBUJPO PG OFX FRVJQNFOU

ย 1SFQBSF MFWFMT PG TQBSF QBSUT BOE DPOTVNBCMFT GPS FWFOUT TUPSF BEFRVBUF MFWFMT PG TQBSFT BOE DPOTVNBCMFT TP QFSJPET PG JOBDDFTTJCJMJUZ BOE QPPS TVQQMZ DBO CF CSJEHFE BEFRVBUFMZ EFDFOUSBMJTF TUPDLT UP XIFSF NBUFSJBMT BSF OFFEFE TUPSF NBUFSJBMT TP UIFZ BSF QSPUFDUFE 0SHBOJTBUJPO ย 1VU JO QMBDF BO &NFSHFODZ 1SFQBSFEOFTT 1MBO XJUI UIF TZTUFNT OFFEFE GPS JUT QSPQFS FYFDVUJPO ย &BSMZ XBSOJOH TZTUFN TFU VQ BO FBSMZ XBSOJOH TZTUFN PS DPOOFDU UP BO FYJTUJOH FBSMZ XBSOJOH TZTUFN ย %FWFMPQ BMUFSOBUJWF TUSBUFHJFT PG TFSWJDF QSPWJTJPO PS MJNJUJOH JNQBDU PO TPDJFUZ J F 1MBO # F H QSFQBSF GPS QSPWJTJPO PG XBUFS UISPVHI USVDLJOH QSFQBSF GPS JOTUBMMBUJPO PG FNFSHFODZ MBUSJOFT QSFQBSBUJPO GPS BEFRVBUF EJTQPTBM PG EBOHFSPVT XBTUF F H NFEJDBM XBTUF JOEVTUSJBM XBTUF DPOUBNJOBUFE TMVEHF *EFOUJGZ BOE USBJO QFPQMF TUPSF NBUFSJBMT BOE FRVJQNFOU QSFQBSF MPHJTUJDT BOE USBOTQPSU ย 1SFQBSF DIBOHFT JO UIF PSHBOJTBUJPO GPS EFBMJOH XJUI FNFSHFODZ BOE SFDPWFSZ QSPDFEVSFT TUBOEBSET BOE TZTUFNT XJMM QPTTJCMZ OFFE DIBOHF 1SFQBSF BMUFSOBUJWF QSPUPDPMT BEBQUFE UP DIBOHFT JO JOQVUT F H XBUFS RVBMJUZ XBUFS BWBJMBCJMJUZ GVFM TIPSUBHF DPOTVNBCMFT XJUI OFX TQFDJยนDBUJPOT *G JOTVSBODF JT QPTTJCMF JU NBZ CF XPSUI UIF JOWFTUNFOU 5IFTF DIBOHFT IBWF UP CF XPSLFE PVU CFGPSFIBOE BOE QFPQMF BGGFDUFE IBWF UP CF BXBSF PG UIF OFX TZTUFNT

DRR AND WASH 67

ANNEX

GENERIC MITIGATION AND PREPAREDNESS MEASURES ย 1 SFQBSF GPS DIBOHFT JO EFNBOET GSPN PSHBOJTBUJPO BEEJUJPOBM OFFE GPS SFQBJS BOE NBJOUFOBODF F H EJTQPTBM PG EFCSJT SFNPWBM PG TJMU SFQBJS PG TUSVDUVSFT DIBOHF JO EFNBOE F H JODSFBTFE XBUFS QSPEVDUJPO OFFEFE CFDBVTF PG IJHIFS EFNBOE PS JODSFBTFE MPTT SBUFT PSHBOJTBUJPO IBWJOH UP DPQF XJUI UPYJD JOEVTUSJBM XBTUF DIBOHF JO TFSWJDF MPDBUJPO F H SFMPDBUJPO PG QPQVMBUJPO UIBU OFFET 8"4) TFSWJDFT

ย 5 IF SJTL PG PVUCSFBLT BOE TFSWJDF CSFBLEPXO JT MBSHF BGUFS B EJTBTUFS PDDVSSFODF TFU VQ B TZTUFN PG RVBMJUZ NPOJUPSJOH BOE XIFO JTTVFT BSF EFUFDUFE SBQJE SFQBJS *OQVUT ย 1 SFQBSF GPS QFSJPET XIFSF SFWFOVF XJMM ESPQ F H CFDBVTF VTFST BSF OPU QBZJOH CFDBVTF PG PUIFS QSJPSJUJFT JOBCJMJUZ UP QBZ PS QPPS BDDFTT QPMJUJDT NBZ QVU QSFTTVSF PO 8"4) TFSWJDF QSPWJEFST OPSNBMMZ QBZJOH TFSWJDFT NBZ IBWF UP CF QSPWJEFE GSFF PG DIBSHF ย % FWFMPQ B HPPE VOEFSTUBOEJOH PG FYJTUJOH TPVSDFT JNQSPWF FYJTUJOH TPVSDFT BOE MPPL GPS BMUFSOBUJWF TPVSDFT PG XBUFS F H BTTFTT XBUFS RVBMJUZ BOE ZJFME DVSSFOU BOE QSPKFDUFE PG FYJTUJOH TPVSDFT SFQBJS VQHSBEF FYJTUJOH TPVSDFT NBQ BMM TPVSDFT PG XBUFS JO B UBSHFU BSFB JODMVEJOH QSJWBUF XBUFS TPVSDFT BOE TPVSDFT VTFE GPS JOEVTUSZ BOE JSSJHBUJPO BTTFTT VTBCJMJUZ BOE OFHPUJBUF BDDFTT UP TPVSDF JO DBTF PG EJTBTUFS JOTUBMM PS QSFQBSF JOTUBMMBUJPO PG BMUFSOBUJWF TPVSDFT ย - PPL GPS BMUFSOBUJWF SFTPVSDFT TVQQMJFST BOE TFSWJDF QSPWJEFST F H QSFQBSF GPS DIBOHFT JO BWBJMBCJMJUZ RVBMJUZ TQFDJยนDBUJPOT BOE QSJDFT PG DPOTVNBCMFT TQBSF QBSUT BOE FRVJQNFOU NBLF BO JOWFOUPSZ PG TVQQMJFST PG NBUFSJBMT BOE DPOTVNBCMFT OFHPUJBUF QSJPSJUZ QSJDFT BOE RVBMJUZ JEFOUJGZ XBUFS USVDLT JEFOUJGZ WBDVVN USVDLT OFHPUJBUF BDDFTT UP WFIJDMFT 5SZ UP OFHPUJBUF XJUI TVQQMJFST CVU CF SFBMJTUJD JO XIBU DBO SFBMMZ CF FYQFDUFE

GENERIC MITIGATION AND PREPAREDNESS MEASURES ย 1SFQBSF GPS SFEVDFE BDDFTT UP FYUFSOBM TQFDJBMJTU TVQQPSU ย -JOL XJUI FNFSHFODZ NBOBHFNFOU CPEJFT BOE FNFSHFODZ SFTQPOTF TFSWJDFT F H QVCMJD IFBMUI TFSWJDFT ยนSF EFQBSUNFOU PUIFS BVUIPSJUJFT F H QVCMJD XPSLT BOE SFMFWBOU PSHBOJTBUJPOT F H /(0T QSJWBUF TFDUPS CF SFBMJTUJD PO UIFJS DBQBDJUZ UP BTTJTU UIPVHI Other ย *EFOUJGZ PUIFS QSFQBSFEOFTT JOJUJBUJWFT BOE USZ UP DPOOFDU JOJUJBUJWFT UIJT JT FTQFDJBMMZ SFMFWBOU GPS QSFQBSFEOFTT QMBOT PG DPNNVOJUZ BOE DSJUJDBM TFSWJDFT F H QVCMJD IFBMUI TFSWJDFT FEVDBUJPO

ย &OTVSF 8"4) TZTUFNT BSF BEFRVBUF JO TIFMUFST TDIPPMT NFEJDBM TFSWJDFT ย 1SFQBSF GPS DIBOHFT JO DPOUFYU F H QPMJUJDT SFHVMBUJPOT TFDVSJUZ ย -PCCZ GPS TVQQPSU JO QSFQBSFEOFTT BDUJWJUJFT JO TPDJFUZ BOE GPS UIF 8"4) TFSWJDFT F H MPCCZ QVCMJD XPSLT UP DPOTPMJEBUF BDDFTT SPBET QPMJDZ NBLFST GPS NPSF SFTPVSDFT BUUSJCVUFE UP QSFQBSFEOFTT TVQQPSU PG BVUIPSJUJFT XJUI USBOTQPSU

Users ย & EVDBUJPO PG DPNNVOJUJFT PO UIF VTF BOE NBJOUFOBODF PG 8"4) TZTUFNT JO UIFJS DPNNVOJUJFT F H SFQPSUJOH PG MFBLBHF SFQPSUJOH PO JMMFHBM DPOOFDUJPOT PS CSPLFO WBMWFT PO DPQJOH XJUI SFEVDFE TFSWJDF MFWFM F H IZHJFOF QSPNPUJPO IPVTFIPME XBUFS USFBUNFOU FYDSFUB EJTQPTBM

ย * EFOUJGZ BOE USBJO QFSTPOT JO DPNNVOJUJFT UIBU DBO BTTJTU JO NBJOUBJOJOH TFSWJDF MFWFMT BOE SFDPWFSZ ย 1 SFQBSF GPS VTFS DIBOHFT F H EFNBOE BCJMJUZ XJMMJOHOFTT UP QBZ BUUJUVEF 4FU VQ B DPNNVOJDBUJPO TUSBUFHZ UPXBSET VTFST &YUFSOBM JOGSBTUSVDUVSF BOE TFSWJDF QSPWJEFST ย * ODMVEF DMBVTFT JO DPOUSBDUT GPS SFOUFE PS MPBOFE JOGSBTUSVDUVSF WFIJDMFT PS FRVJQ NFOU XJUI SFHBSET UP EJTBTUFST BOE FNFSHFODJFT XJUI SFHBSE UP MJBCJMJUJFT DPOUJOVJUZ QSJDF ย 1 SFQBSF GPS DIBOHFT JO BDDFTTJCJMJUZ PG TUSVDUVSFT F H JEFOUJGZ SPBET UIBU BSF BU SJTL BOE SFJOGPSDF MPPL GPS BMUFSOBUJWF SPVUFT QVSDIBTF CPBUT PS OFHPUJBUF BDDFTT UP CPBUT JO BEWBODF ย 1 SFQBSF GPS SFEVDFE BDDFTT UP QPXFS TVQQMZ DPNNVOJDBUJPO XBTUF NBOBHFNFOU F H JOTUBMM HFOFSBUPST JG DPNNVOJDBUJPO JT DSVDJBM JOUSPEVDF 7)' 6)' DPNNVOJDBUJPO TZTUFN QSFQBSF GPS EFDFOUSBMJTFE UFNQPSBSZ XBTUF EJTQPTBM PQUJPOT

68 DRR AND WASH

DRR AND WASH 69

POTENTIAL NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF 4 SMALL-SCALE WASH SERVICES ON SOCIETY

ANNEX

WATER SUPPLY ISSUE

POTENTIAL NEGATIVE EFFECTS

8BUFS TDBSDJUZ PS XBUFS RVBMJUZ EFHSBEBUJPO

*OUFSSVQUJPO PG XBUFS TVQQMZ UP TPDJFUZ DBVTFE CZ TZTUFN CSFBLEPXO F H CZ IB[BSE FWFOU CSFBLEPXO PG JOGSBTUSVDUVSF PS NBUFSJBMT JOUFSSVQUJPO PG TVQQMZ PG DPOTVNBCMFT GVOET PS FMFDUSJDJUZ

ย 4 ZTUFN IBT BEFRVBUF MFWFM PG SFTJMJFODF UP UISFBUT ย .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN

(SPVOEXBUFS FYUSBDUJPO BU SBUFT UIBU DBVTF ESPQ PG HSPVOEXBUFS MFWFM TVCTJEFODF TBMUXBUFS JOUSVTJPO FOWJSPONFOUBM EFHSBEBUJPO

ย 6 OMJLFMZ UIBU UIFTF JTTVFT DBO CF BEFRVBUFMZ BEESFTTFE JO SFMJFG BOE SFDPWFSZ ย -PPLJOH GPS BMUFSOBUJWF XBUFS TPVSDFT ย *OUSPEVDJOH XBUFS TBWJOH NFBTVSFT ย .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN

YUSBDUJPO PG TVSGBDF XBUFS BU SBUFT UIBU DBVTF & SFEVDFE BDDFTT UP TVSGBDF XBUFS JODSFBTFE DPODFOUSBUJPO PG DPOUBNJOBOUT CJPMPHJDBM BOE DIFNJDBM FOWJSPONFOUBM EFHSBEBUJPO

ย 6 OMJLFMZ UIBU UIFTF JTTVFT DBO CF BEFRVBUFMZ BEESFTTFE JO SFMJFG BOE SFDPWFSZ ย -PPLJOH GPS BMUFSOBUJWF XBUFS TPVSDFT ย *OUSPEVDJOH XBUFS TBWJOH NFBTVSFT ย .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN

$IBOHFT JO MPDBM XBUFS SFTPVSDF NBOBHFNFOU SFEVDJOH XBUFS BWBJMBCJMJUZ GPS DPNNVOJUZ BOE FOWJSPONFOU F H CVJMEJOH B EBN GPS JSSJHBUJPO QVSQPTFT

ย & OTVSF UIBU OP DIBOHFT JO XBUFS SFTPVSDF NBOBHFNFOU BSF JOUSPEVDFE UIBU XJMM DSFBUF JTTVFT ย .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN

8BTUF HFOFSBUFE JO PQFSBUJPO F H TMVEHF EFHSBEFE DIFNJDBMT

ย 6 TF NFUIPET UIBU NJOJNJTF XBTUF QSPEVDUJPO ย %JTQPTBM PG XBTUFT JO BEFRVBUF XBZ ย .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN

1PMMVUJPO PG IVNBO BOE OBUVSBM FOWJSPONFOU

1PMMVUBOUT SFMFBTFE JO UIF FOWJSPONFOU CZ IB[BSE FWFOU PS BDDJEFOU F H ยบPPEJOH IFBWZ SBJOT EFTUSVDUJPO PG DIFNJDBMT SFTFSWPJS JO FBSUIRVBLF ยนSF

8BUFS TVQQMJFE DPOUBJOT QBUIPHFOT PS DIFNJDBMT

70 DRR AND WASH

8BUFS BU UIF TPVSDF JT DPOUBNJOBUFE BOE USFBUNFOU QSPDFTT JT OPU BCMF UP SFNPWF QPMMVUJPO

POSSIBLE MEASURES

ย & OTVSF QPUFOUJBM QPMMVUBOUT BSF TUPSFE USBOTQPSUFE BOE VTFE JO B XBZ UIBU QSFWFOUT UIFJS SFMFBTF JOUP UIF FOWJSPONFOU BMTP JO DBTF PG B EJTBTUFS FWFOU ย .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN ย -PPLJOH GPS BMUFSOBUJWF XBUFS TPVSDFT ย %JMVUJPO PG QPMMVUFE XBUFS ย 1 SPDFTTFT BSF JO QMBDF UIBU BSF BCMF UP SFNPWF QPMMVUJPO ย &MJNJOBUJPO PG TPVSDFT PG QPMMVUJPO ย .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN

ANNEX

WATER SUPPLY ISSUE

POTENTIAL NEGATIVE EFFECTS

POSSIBLE MEASURES

$POUBNJOBUJPO PG UIF XBUFS TVQQMZ JO UIF XBUFS QSPEVDUJPO QSPDFTT XJUI QBUIPHFOT PS DIFNJDBMT

ย 1VU JO QMBDF TBGFHVBSET UIBU QSFWFOU DPOUBNJOBUJPO ย &OTVSF NFBTVSFT UIBU DBO DPQF XJUI XBUFS DPOUBNJOBUJPO BSF JO QMBDF ย .POJUPSJOH PG XBUFS RVBMJUZ

$POUBNJOBUJPO PG XBUFS TVQQMZ JO EJTUSJCVUJPO TZTUFN F H MFBLT JO TZTUFN BEFRVBUF XBUFS QSFTTVSF OPU NBJOUBJOFE DPOUJOVPVTMZ

ย "T GBS BT QPTTJCMF MFBLT SFQBJSFE BOE TZTUFN QSPUFDUFE JO BSFBT BU SJTL ย "EFRVBUF SFTJEVBM DIMPSJOF MFWFMT NBJOUBJOFE ย $POUJOVPVT QPTJUJWF QSFTTVSF JO EJTUSJCVUJPO OFUXPSL ย 4PVSDFT PG QPMMVUJPO FMJNJOBUFE JTPMBUFE ย .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN

&SPTJPO MBOETMJEF

3FTFSWPJST QJQFT PS PUIFS TUSVDUVSFT BSF MFBLJOH BOE MFBLBHF XBUFS JT OPU ESBJOFE BEFRVBUFMZ

ย -FBLBHF JT QSFWFOUFE ย 4ZTUFN JO QMBDF GPS BEFRVBUF EJTDIBSHF PG MFBLBHF XBUFS ย "SFBT BU SJTL BSF QSPUFDUFE ย .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN

'MPPEJOH

-FBLBHF PS BDDJEFOUT F H SVQUVSJOH EBN NBZ DBVTF ยบPPEJOH XIJDI DBO SFTVMU JO EFBUI BOE JOKVSZ MPTT JO BTTFUT MJWFMJIPPE EFHSBEBUJPO FSPTJPO MBOETMJEF SFEVDFE BDDFTT

ย 1PUFOUJBM DBVTFT PG MFBLBHF PS BDDJEFOUT BSF FMJNJOBUFE ย &OTVSF BEFRVBUF ESBJOBHF ย .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN

1SPMJGFSBUJPO PG JOTFDU WFDUPST

-FBLBHF XBUFS BDDVNVMBUFT BOE QSPWJEFT CSFFEJOH TJUFT GPS NPTRVJUPFT

ย -FBLBHF QSFWFOUFE XIFSF XBUFS DBO BDDVNVMBUF ย 1SPQFS ESBJOBHF ย .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN ย 7FDUPS DPOUSPM ย .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN

4USVDUVSFT QSPWJEF CSFFEJOH TJUFT GPS NPTRVJUPFT F H TUBOEJOH XBUFS JO FNQUZ ESVNT SFTFSWPJST BDDFTTJCMF UP JOTFDUT

ย 4USVDUVSFT NJOJNJTF BDDFTT UP JOTFDU CSFFEJOH TJUFT ย 3FNPWBM DMPTJOH PS ยนMMJOH PG QPUFOUJBM WFDUPS CSFFEJOH TJUFT ย 7FDUPS DPOUSPM ย .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN

DRR AND WASH 71

ANNEX

WATER SUPPLY ISSUE

POTENTIAL NEGATIVE EFFECTS

"DDJEFOU

$PMMBQTF PG CVJMEJOHT SFTFSWPJST EBNT PS PUIFS TUSVDUVSFT CZ JOBEFRVBUF CVJMEJOH PS JOTUBMMBUJPO TUBOEBSET PS XSPOH QMBDFNFOU EBNBHF CZ IB[BSE FWFOUT BDDJEFOUT CVJME VQ PG XBUFS QSFTTVSF

Create BOUBHPOJTN XJUIJO TPDJFUZ

POSSIBLE MEASURES ย " EFRVBUF TUBOEBSET JO DPOTUSVDUJPO PS JOTUBMMBUJPO ย " EFRVBUF MPDBUJPO PG QMBDFNFOU PG TUSVDUVSF ย * O DBTF PG EBNBHF CZ IB[BSE FWFOU PS UISFBU PG IB[BSE FWFOU BTTFTTNFOU PG SJTL UP TUSVDUVSF BOE TVSSPVOEJOHT BOE JG OFFEFE NFBTVSFT UP DPOUBJO SJTL ย .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN

'JSF FYQMPTJPO UPYJD HBT DIMPSJOF HFOFSBUJOH QSPEVDUT F H )5) DIMPSJOF HBT NBZ DBVTF ยนSF PS FYQMPTJPO DIMPSJOF HBT DZMJOEFST NBZ SFMFBTF EBOHFSPVT DIMPSJOF HBT JG EBNBHFE 'BVMUZ FMFDUSJDJUZ TZTUFNT NBZ DBVTF ยนSFT

ย 1SPQFS VTF BOE IBOEMJOH PG QSPEVDUT ย 1 SPQFS TUPSBHF BOE QSPUFDUJPO PG QSPEVDUT ย 4 BGFUZ NFBTVSFT UP DPOUBJO ยนSFT BOE QSPUFDU QFPQMF BOE BTTFUT ย $POUSPM PG FMFDUSJD TZTUFNT ย .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN

"DUJWJUJFT JO DPNNVOJUJFT NBZ DSFBUF QSPCMFNT XJUIJO B TPDJFUZ JG QSPKFDU PSHBOJTBUJPO JNQMFNFOUBUJPO QSPDFTT F H GPSNJOH BOE FNQPXFSJOH XPNFOยฑT HSPVQT PS NFTTBHFT BSF OPU BDDFQUBCMF UP DPNNVOJUZ

ย 1 SPKFDU PSHBOJTBUJPO JNQMFNFOUBUJPO QSPDFTT BOE NFTTBHFT BSF DVMUVSBMMZ BDDFQUBCMF ย .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN

EXCRETA DISPOSAL ISSUE

POTENTIAL NEGATIVE EFFECTS

POSSIBLE MEASURES

*OBEFRVBUFMZ CVJMU QJUT PG PO TJUF TBOJUBUJPO TUSVDUVSFT NBZ DBVTF UIF DPMMBQTF PG TPJM

ย "EFRVBUF TUBOEBSET

0O TJUF TBOJUBUJPO TUSVDUVSFT NBZ PWFSยบPX BOE ย "EFRVBUF CVJMEJOH TUBOEBSET DBVTF FSPTJPO MBOETMJEF PS DPMMBQTF PG TPJMT ย .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN ย 5BLF TUSVDUVSF PVU PG VTF JO UJNF ย 1SFWFOUJPO PG MFBLBHF 1SPMJGFSBUJPO PG JOTFDU WFDUPST

$FSUBJO JOTFDUT DBO QSPMJGFSBUF JG UIFZ IBWF BDDFTT UP TMVEHF PS EJMVUFE TFXBHF JO UIF TBOJUBSZ TUSVDUVSFT PS JG UIFSF JT MFBLBHF PS PWFSยบPXJOH F H ยบJFT NPTRVJUPFT $VMFY TQ

ย ย ย ย

"EFRVBUF TUBOEBSET .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN 3FQBJS EBNBHFE TUSVDUVSFT 7FDUPS DPOUSPM

'MPPEJOH

-FBLBHF PWFSยบPXJOH DBVTFE CZ EBNBHF QPPS DPOTUSVDUJPO TUBOEBSET PS QPPS VTF PG UIF TZTUFN NBZ DBVTF ยบPPEJOH

ย ย ย ย

"EFRVBUF TUBOEBSET .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN 3FQBJS EBNBHFE TUSVDUVSFT 3FMJBCMF XBUFS TVQQMZ OFFEFE GPS QSPQFS PQFSBUJPO PG TUSVDUVSF

"DDJEFOU

$PMMBQTF PG CVJMEJOHT QJUT WJTJU DIBNCFST CZ JOBEFRVBUF CVJMEJOH PS JOTUBMMBUJPO TUBOEBSET PS XSPOH MPDBUJPO CVJME VQ PG QSFTTVSF EBNBHF CZ IB[BSE FWFOUT BDDJEFOUT

ย "EFRVBUF TUBOEBSET JO DPOTUSVDUJPO PS JOTUBMMBUJPO ย 1SPQFS MPDBUJPO ย .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN ย *O DBTF PG EBNBHF CZ IB[BSE FWFOU PS UISFBU PG IB[BSE FWFOU BTTFTTNFOU PG SJTL UP TUSVDUVSF BOE TVSSPVOEJOHT BOE JG OFFEFE NFBTVSFT UP DPOUBJO SJTL

Create BOUBHPOJTN XJUIJO TPDJFUZ

"DUJWJUJFT JO DPNNVOJUJFT NBZ DSFBUF QSPCMFNT ย 1SPKFDU PSHBOJTBUJPO XJUIJO B TPDJFUZ JG QSPKFDU PSHBOJTBUJPO JNQMFNFOUBUJPO QSPDFTT BOE JNQMFNFOUBUJPO QSPDFTT F H GPSNJOH BOE NFTTBHFT BSF DVMUVSBMMZ BDDFQUBCMF FNQPXFSJOH XPNFOยฑT HSPVQT PS NFTTBHFT ย .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN BSF OPU BDDFQUBCMF UP DPNNVOJUZ

EXCRETA DISPOSAL ISSUE

POTENTIAL NEGATIVE EFFECTS

1PMMVUJPO PG IVNBO BOE OBUVSBM FOWJSPONFOU

*OBEFRVBUF FYDSFUB EJTQPTBM TZTUFNT DBO SFTVMU ย 4 UBOEBSET SFTQFDUFE JO FYDSFUB JO FYDSFUB QPMMVUJOH UIF FOWJSPONFOU EJTQPTBM TZTUFNT %FQFOEJOH PO MPDBUJPO BOE TDBMF UIJT NBZ ย .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN DBVTF B OVNCFS PG JTTVFT FYQPTVSF PG IVNBOT ย 3FQBJS PG EBNBHFE TUSVDUVSFT PS BOJNBM IPTUT UP FYDSFUB SFMBUFE QBUIPHFOT QPMMVUJPO PG XBUFS TPVSDFT DPOUBNJOBUJPO PG GPPE F H WFHFUBCMF HBSEFOT NFDIBOJDBM WFDUPST F H ยบJFT SBUT IBWF BDDFTT UP QBUIPHFOT EFHSBEJOH MJWJOH DPOEJUJPOT EJTDIBSHF JO PQFO XBUFS DBO SFTVMU JO PYZHFO EFQMFUJPO MFBEJOH UP EJF PGG PG PSHBOJTNT JO UIF XBUFS

&SPTJPO MBOETMJEF DPMMBQTF

72 DRR AND WASH

-FBLBHF JO PGG TJUF TBOJUBUJPO TUSVDUVSFT USBEJUJPOBM TFXBHF TZTUFNT TNBMM CPSF TFXFSBHF TZTUFNT DBO DBVTF FSPTJPO MBOETMJEF PS DPMMBQTF PG TPJMT -FBLBHF NBZ CF UIF SFTVMU PG EBNBHF UP UIF TZTUFN JOBEFRVBUF TUBOEBSET JOBEFRVBUF VTF F H SFTVMUJOH JO CMPDLBHFT

POSSIBLE MEASURES

ย ย ย ย

6TF BEFRVBUF TUBOEBSET .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN 1SFWFOUJPO PG MFBLBHF &OTVSF SFMJBCMF XBUFS TVQQMZ

HYGIENE PRACTICE ISSUE

POTENTIAL NEGATIVE EFFECTS

POSSIBLE MEASURES

Create BOUBHPOJTN XJUIJO TPDJFUZ

DRR AND WASH 73

ANNEX

VECTOR CONTROL ISSUE

POTENTIAL NEGATIVE EFFECTS

1PMMVUJPO PG IVNBO BOE OBUVSBM FOWJSPONFOU

8IJMF NBOZ PG UIF QFTUJDJEFT VTFE OPXBEBZT BSF SFMBUJWFMZ TBGF UP IVNBOT UIFZ DPVME JG VTFE PS EJTQPTFE PG QPPSMZ SFTVMU JO JOUPYJDBUJPO

ย 3FTQFDU PG TBGFUZ NFBTVSFT ย .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN ย 6 TF NFUIPET UIBU NJOJNJTF XBTUF QSPEVDUJPO ย %JTQPTBM PG XBTUFT JO BEFRVBUF XBZ

1FTUJDJEFT EPOยฑU POMZ LJMM WFDUPST CVU BMTP VTFGVM JOTFDUT BOE BRVBUJD BOJNBMT F H ยนTI TISJNQT 1PPS VTF PS EJTQPTBM PG QFTUJDJEFT DBO EBNBHF MJWFMJIPPET PS DBVTF FOWJSPONFOUBM JTTVFT

ย 6 TF PG WFDUPS DPOUSPM BOE XBTUF EJTQPTBM NFUIPET UIBU NJOJNJTF OFHBUJWF JNQBDU PO PUIFS TQFDJFT ย .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN

1PPS VTF PG DIFNJDBM WFDUPS DPOUSPM DBO SFTVMU JO SFTJTUBODF PG TQFDJยนD WFDUPST UP QBSUJDVMBS QFTUJDJEFT

ย 6 TF UIF QFTUJDJEFT JO UIF QSPQFS XBZ F H EPTBHF EJTUSJCVUJPO NFUIPE

ย . POJUPS FNFSHJOH SFTJTUBODF JO WFDUPS QPQVMBUJPO BOE DIBOHF QFTUJDJEF XIFO OFFEFE

*O QMBDFT XIFSF UIF QMBHVF JT BO JTTVF SBU EFTUSVDUJPO XJUIPVU QSJPS ยบFB DPOUSPM DBO GPSDF JOGFDUFE ยบFBT UP MFBWF EFBE SBUT BOE JOGFDU QFSTPOT

ย * O QMBHVF BSFBT ยบFB DPOUSPM CFGPSF SBU DPOUSPM

ย 1 SPKFDU PSHBOJTBUJPO JNQMFNFOUBUJPO QSPDFTT BOE NFTTBHFT BSF DVMUVSBMMZ BDDFQUBCMF ย .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN

*ODSFBTF FYQPTVSF UP WFDUPST

Create BOUBHPOJTN XJUIJO TPDJFUZ

POSSIBLE MEASURES

POTENTIAL NEGATIVE EFFECTS

1PMMVUJPO PG IVNBO BOE OBUVSBM FOWJSPONFOU

*OBEFRVBUF EJTDIBSHF PG TPMJE XBTUF DBO QPMMVUF UIF FOWJSPONFOU 5IJT JT B NBKPS JTTVF JG UIFSF JT OP TFHSFHBUJPO PG UPYJD BOE PS JOEVTUSJBM XBTUF GSPN IPVTFIPME XBTUF 5IJT DBO MFBE UP DPOUBNJOBUJPO PG XBUFS TVQQMZ MPTT PG MJWFMJIPPE BOE FOWJSPONFOUBM EFHSBEBUJPO *OUPYJDBUJPO PG QFSTPOT VTJOH PS NBOJQVMBUJOH UPYJD XBTUF NBZ BMTP CF BO JTTVF

POSSIBLE MEASURES ย 6 TF NFUIPET UIBU NJOJNJTF UIF SJTL PG XBTUF QPMMVUJOH UIF FOWJSPONFOU F H TBOJUBSZ MBOEยนMM BWPJE EJTDIBSHF PG XBTUF JO ESBJOBHF TZTUFNT

ย .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN ย &ODPVSBHF TFHSFHBUJPO PG XBTUF ย "EFRVBUF TUBOEBSET

-JRVJET MFBDIJOH GSPN XBTUF EJTQPTBM TJUFT NBZ ย 8 BTUF EJTQPTBM TJUFT IBWF UP CF DPOUBNJOBUF HSPVOEXBUFS BOE TVSGBDF XBUFS MPDBUFE TP UIBU UIFZ BSF QSPUFDUFE GSPN FYUFSOBM XBUFS ย * TPMBUF XBTUF GSPN TPJM UISPVHI JOTUBMMBUJPO PG B CBSSJFS MJOFS ย .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN ย "EFRVBUF TUBOEBSET

74 DRR AND WASH

ISSUE

POTENTIAL NEGATIVE EFFECTS

POSSIBLE MEASURES

8BTUF EJTQPTBM TJUFT XJMM PGUFO DSFBUF JTTVFT PG TUFODI TNPLF JOTFDUT SBUT TUSBZ EPHT ยบZJOH XBTUF USBGยนD KBNT

ย "EFRVBUF MPDBUJPO PG XBTUF EJTQPTBM TJUF ย $PWFSJOH XBTUF XJUI TPJM ย .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN

&SPTJPO MBOETMJEF

8BTUF PGUFO FOET VQ JO OBUVSBM GPSNBM PS JOGPSNBM ESBJOBHF TZTUFNT DBVTJOH CMPDLBHFT BOE XBUFS ยนOEJOH JUT PXO XBZ SFTVMUJOH JO FSPTJPO BOE QPTTJCMZ DPMMBQTF "DDVNVMBUFE XBTUF NBZ BMTP DPMMBQTF BOE UIVT QPTF B SJTL

ย ,FFQ ESBJOBHF DIBOOFMT GSFF PG XBTUF ย .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN ย "EFRVBUF TUBOEBSET ย 1SPQFS NBOBHFNFOU PG XBTUF EJTQPTBM TJUFยฑ

'MPPEJOH

8BTUF PGUFO FOET VQ JO OBUVSBM GPSNBM PS JOGPSNBM ESBJOBHF TZTUFNT DBVTJOH CMPDLBHFT BOE QPUFOUJBMMZ ยบPPEJOH

ย ,FFQ ESBJOBHF DIBOOFMT GSFF PG XBTUF ย .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN

1SPMJGFSBUJPO PG WFDUPST

8BTUF QSPWJEFT CSFFEJOH TJUFT GPS NPTRVJUPFT "FEFT TQ IPVTF ยบJFT BOE SBUT 0SHBOJDBMMZ DPOUBNJOBUFE XBUFS QSPWJEFT B CSFFEJOH TJUF GPS NPTRVJUPFT $VMFY TQ

ย *NQSPWF TPMJE XBTUF NBOBHFNFOU TP BT UP SFEVDF SJTL PG CSFFEJOH DPWFS XBTUF XJUI TPJM

ย 7FDUPS DPOUSPM ย .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN

*O BSFBT XIFSF JOGPSNBM XBTUF EJTQPTBM TJUFT BSF FMJNJOBUFE SBUT NBZ NJHSBUF UP UIF DPNNVOJUZ UP TFFL SFGVHF BOE GPPE

ย *G SBU QPQVMBUJPO JT MBSHF DPOUSPM SBUT CFGPSF FMJNJOBUJPO PG XBTUF EJTQPTBM TJUFT

"DDJEFOU

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT ISSUE

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

$PMMBQTF PG CVJMEJOHT PS PUIFS TUSVDUVSFT PG UIF ย "EFRVBUF TUBOEBSET JO DPOTUSVDUJPO XBTUF NBOBHFNFOU TZTUFN CZ JOBEFRVBUF PS JOTUBMMBUJPO CVJMEJOH PS JOTUBMMBUJPO TUBOEBSET PS XSPOH ย "EFRVBUF MPDBUJPO PG QMBDFNFOU PG QMBDFNFOU EBNBHF CZ IB[BSE FWFOUT TUSVDUVSF BDDJEFOUT ย .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN ย *O DBTF PG EBNBHF CZ IB[BSE FWFOU PS UISFBU PG IB[BSE FWFOU BTTFTTNFOU PG SJTL UP TUSVDUVSF BOE TVSSPVOEJOHT BOE JG OFFEFE NFBTVSFT UP DPOUBJO SJTL 6SCBO XBTUF NBOBHFNFOU TZTUFNT VTVBMMZ VTF USVDLT PS USBDUPST GPS DPMMFDUJPO BOE USBOTQPSU PG XBTUF )FBWZ NBDIJOFSZ JT BMTP VTFE BU XBTUF EJTQPTBM TJUFT GPS MFWFMMJOH BOE DPWFSJOH UIF XBTUF 5IFTF WFIJDMFT BSF PGUFO PQFSBUJOH JO TJUFT UIBU QSPWJEF QFPQMF XJUI B MJWFMJIPPE TDBWFOHJOH BOE UIFSF JT B IJHI SJTL PG BDDJEFOUT

ย 5SBJOJOH PG PQFSBUPST ย 8PSLJOH XJUI TDBWFOHFST PO TBGFUZ NFBTVSFT ย &NQMPZJOH QFPQMF XIP FOTVSF TBGFUZ BU EJTQPTBM TJUFT XIJMF BMMPXJOH QFPQMF BDDFTT UP XBTUF GPS UIFJS MJWFMJIPPE ย .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN

DRR AND WASH 75

ANNEX

DRAINAGE

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT ISSUE

POTENTIAL NEGATIVE EFFECTS *O MBSHF XBTUF EJTQPTBM TJUFT XJUI TDBWFOHFST UIFSF JT B SJTL PG BDDJEFOUT CZ DPMMBQTF PG XBTUF

Create BOUBHPOJTN XJUIJO TPDJFUZ

POSSIBLE MEASURES Â&#x2026; 8 PSLJOH XJUI TDBWFOHFST PO TBGFUZ NFBTVSFT Â&#x2026; & NQMPZJOH QFPQMF XIP FOTVSF TBGFUZ BU EJTQPTBM TJUFT XIJMF BMMPXJOH QFPQMF BDDFTT UP XBTUF GPS UIFJS MJWFMJIPPE Â&#x2026; .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN

'JSF FYQMPTJPO UPYJD HBT NFUIBOF JT GPSNFE JO MBOEÂ¹MMT BOE DBO QPUFOUJBMMZ DBVTF FYQMPTJPO XIJMF OPU UPYJD DBSCPO EJPYJEF NBZ GPSN JO DPOÂ¹OFE BSFBT BOE EJTQMBDF PYZHFO DBVTJOH B UISFBU UP QFPQMF 8BTUF VTVBMMZ DPOUBJOT DPNCVTUJCMF NBUFSJBMT TP Â¹SF JT B SJTL EFQFOEJOH XIBU UZQF PG XBTUF JT CVSOJOH UPYJD HBTFT NBZ CF GPSNFE

Â&#x2026; Â&#x2026; Â&#x2026; Â&#x2026; Â&#x2026;

"DUJWJUJFT JO DPNNVOJUJFT NBZ DSFBUF QSPCMFNT XJUIJO B TPDJFUZ JG QSPKFDU PSHBOJTBUJPO JNQMFNFOUBUJPO QSPDFTT F H GPSNJOH BOE FNQPXFSJOH XPNFOÂ±T HSPVQT PS NFTTBHFT BSF OPU BDDFQUBCMF UP DPNNVOJUZ

Â&#x2026; 1 SPKFDU PSHBOJTBUJPO JNQMFNFOUBUJPO QSPDFTT BOE NFTTBHFT BSF DVMUVSBMMZ BDDFQUBCMF Â&#x2026; .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN

'MPPEJOH

1SPQFS EJTQPTBM PG XBTUF *OTUBMMBUJPO PG WFOU QJQFT 4BGFUZ NFBTVSFT .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN "EFRVBUF TUBOEBSET

ISSUE

POTENTIAL NEGATIVE EFFECTS

8BUFS TDBSDJUZ

-BSHFS ESBJOBHF TZTUFNT NBZ SFEVDF HSPVOEXBUFS SFDIBSHF

Â&#x2026; 6 OMJLFMZ UIBU UIFTF JTTVFT DBO CF BEESFTTFE JO SFMJFG BOE SFDPWFSZ

%SBJOBHF TZTUFNT NBZ FMJNJOBUF XBUFS TPVSDFT UIBU XFSF VTFE GPS UIF MJWFMJIPPE PG IPVTFIPMET

Â&#x2026; 6 OMJLFMZ UIBU UIFTF JTTVFT DBO CF BEESFTTFE JO SFMJFG BOE SFDPWFSZ

5IF Â°Â¹STU ÂºVTIÂ± PS JOJUJBM TUPSNXBUFS UIBU SVOT PGG BO BSFB XJMM PGUFO CF QPMMVUFE 5IJT XBUFS XJMM JOUSPEVDF QPMMVUBOUT JO TVSGBDF XBUFS BOE QPTTJCMZ UP HSPVOEXBUFS 8BTUF HFOFSBUFE JO PQFSBUJPO F H TMVEHF EFHSBEFE DIFNJDBMT

Â&#x2026; 6 OMJLFMZ UIBU UIFTF JTTVFT DBO CF BEESFTTFE JO SFMJFG BOE SFDPWFSZ

POSSIBLE MEASURES

76 DRR AND WASH

8BTUF BOE TPJM PGUFO FOET VQ JO ESBJOBHF TZTUFNT DBVTJOH CMPDLBHFT BOE XBUFS Â¹OEJOH JUT PXO XBZ SFTVMUJOH JO FSPTJPO BOE QPTTJCMZ DPMMBQTF

Â&#x2026; , FFQ ESBJOBHF DIBOOFMT GSFF PG XBTUF BOE TPJM Â&#x2026; .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN Â&#x2026; "EFRVBUF TUBOEBSET

POSSIBLE MEASURES

8IFSF DIBOOFMT BSF OPU MJOFE TUPSNT DBO SFTVMU JO SBQJE FSPTJPO PG UIF TJEFT BOE TUSVDUVSFT NBZ CF BU SJTL PG DPMMBQTF

Â&#x2026; 6OMJLFMZ UIBU UIFTF JTTVFT DBO CF BEESFTTFE JO SFMJFG BOE SFDPWFSZ Â&#x2026; -JOJOH DIBOOFMT Â&#x2026; .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN

8BTUF BOE TPJM PGUFO FOET VQ JO ESBJOBHF TZTUFNT DBVTJOH CMPDLBHFT BOE QPUFOUJBM ÂºPPEJOH

Â&#x2026; ,FFQ ESBJOBHF DIBOOFMT GSFF PG XBTUF BOE TPJM EFTJHO DIBOOFM TZTUFN TP UIBU CMPDLBHFT BSF VOMJLFMZ Â&#x2026; .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN Â&#x2026; "EFRVBUF TUBOEBSET

" ESBJOBHF TZTUFN JO POF BSFB NBZ EJTDIBSHF JUT SVOPGG TP SBQJEMZ UIBU UIF ESBJOBHF TZTUFN EPXOTUSFBN JT PWFSXIFMNFE BOE ÂºPPEJOH PDDVST JO EPXOTUSFBN DPNNVOJUJFT

Â&#x2026; %SBJOBHF TZTUFNT TIPVME CF MPPLFE BU JO BO JOUFHSBM XBZ GSPN QPJOU XIFSF SVOPGG JT QSPEVDFE UP XIFSF JU JT EJTDIBSHFE JO TVSGBDF XBUFS Â&#x2026; .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN

8BTUF BOE TPJM JO DIBOOFMT BOE EFGFDUT JO UIF TZTUFN XJMM SFTVMU JO TUBOEJOH XBUFS XIJDI DBO QSPWJEF CSFFEJOH BOE PS SFTUJOH TJUFT GPS NPTRVJUPFT IPVTF ÂºJFT BOE QPTTJCMZ SBUT

Â&#x2026; Â&#x2026; Â&#x2026; Â&#x2026;

$PMMBQTF PG ESBJOBHF TUSVDUVSF CZ JOBEFRVBUF CVJMEJOH PS JOTUBMMBUJPO TUBOEBSET PS XSPOH QMBDFNFOU EBNBHF CZ IB[BSE FWFOUT BDDJEFOUT FSPTJPO EFHSBEBUJPO PWFS UJNF CVJME VQ PG XBUFS QSFTTVSF

Â&#x2026; "EFRVBUF TUBOEBSET JO DPOTUSVDUJPO PS JOTUBMMBUJPO Â&#x2026; "EFRVBUF MPDBUJPO PG TUSVDUVSF Â&#x2026; *O DBTF PG EBNBHF CZ IB[BSE FWFOU PS UISFBU PG IB[BSE FWFOU BTTFTTNFOU PG SJTL UP TUSVDUVSF BOE TVSSPVOEJOHT BOE JG OFFEFE NFBTVSFT UP DPOUBJO SJTL QSPQFS NBJOUFOBODF Â&#x2026; .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN

%SBJOBHF TZTUFNT BSF PGUFO OPU XFMM QSPUFDUFE BOE BDDJEFOUT BSPVOE UIFN BSF B SJTL F H QFPQMF GBMMJOH JO DIBOOFM

Â&#x2026; "EFRVBUF TUBOEBSET JO DPOTUSVDUJPO PS JOTUBMMBUJPO Â&#x2026; "EFRVBUF MPDBUJPO PG QMBDFNFOU PG TUSVDUVSF Â&#x2026; .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN

,FFQ DIBOOFMT DMFBO 3FQBJS PG TZTUFN 7FDUPS DPOUSPM .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN

"DDJEFOU

5IF ESBJOBHF TZTUFN XJMM USBOTQPSU QPMMVUBOUT Â&#x2026; 6 OMJLFMZ UIBU UIFTF JTTVFT DBO CF QSFTFOU JO UIF TZTUFN BOE EJTDIBSHF UIFTF JOUP BEESFTTFE JO SFMJFG BOE SFDPWFSZ TVSGBDF XBUFS F H EJTDBSEFE WFIJDMF PJM MFBDIBUF GSPN TPMJE XBTUF FYDSFUB PSHBOJD XBTUF

&SPTJPO MBOETMJEF DPMMBQTF

POTENTIAL NEGATIVE EFFECTS

%SBJOBHF TZTUFNT BSF EFTJHOFE UP DPQF XJUI B TUPSN Â&#x2026; 6OMJLFMZ UIBU UIFTF JTTVFT DBO CF PG B DFSUBJO JOUFOTJUZ B TUPSN XJUI B IJHIFS JOUFOTJUZ BEESFTTFE JO SFMJFG BOE SFDPWFSZ XJMM VTVBMMZ SFTVMU JO ÂºPPEJOH BT UIF TZTUFN JT OPU BCMF UP DPQF XJUI UIF BNPVOU PG SVOPGG QSPEVDFE

1SPMJGFSBUJPO PG JOTFDU WFDUPST

DRAINAGE

1PMMVUJPO PG IVNBO BOE OBUVSBM FOWJSPONFOU

ISSUE

Create BOUBHPOJTN XJUIJO TPDJFUZ

"DUJWJUJFT JO DPNNVOJUJFT NBZ DSFBUF QSPCMFNT Â&#x2026; 1SPKFDU PSHBOJTBUJPO XJUIJO B TPDJFUZ JG QSPKFDU PSHBOJTBUJPO JNQMFNFOUBUJPO QSPDFTT BOE JNQMFNFOUBUJPO QSPDFTT F H GPSNJOH BOE NFTTBHFT BSF DVMUVSBMMZ BDDFQUBCMF FNQPXFSJOH XPNFOÂ±T HSPVQT PS NFTTBHFT Â&#x2026; .POJUPSJOH PG TZTUFN BSF OPU BDDFQUBCMF UP DPNNVOJUZ

DRR AND WASH 77

ANNEX

5 EXAMPLES OF DRR INTEGRATION IN WASH 8IBU GPMMPXT BSF TVNNBSZ EFTDSJQUJPOT PG B OVNCFS PG 8"4) QSPKFDUT UIBU IBWF NBJOTUSFBNFE %33 JO UIF FNFSHFODZ SFMJFG BOE SFDPWFSZ QIBTFT 5IFSF BSF HPPE QSBDUJDF BOE QPPS QSBDUJDF FYBNQMFT BOE UIFSF BSF FYBNQMFT PG ยฐEP OP IBSNยฑ

PUBLIC HEALTH PROJECT โ KENYA (2007/08) - OXFAM GREAT BRITAIN

*O 0YGBN (SFBU #SJUBJO EFWFMPQFE B QVCMJD IFBMUI QSPKFDU JO UIF ESPVHIU BOE ยบPPE QSPOF QBTUPSBM SFHJPO PG 8BKJS %JTUSJDU JO OPSUI FBTUFSO ,FOZB 5IF QSPKFDU MBTUFE NPOUIT BOE BJNFE UP SFEVDF UIF WVMOFSBCJMJUZ PG QBTUPSBMJTUT UP ESPVHIU CZ JNQSPWJOH BDDFTT UP XBUFS IZHJFOF BOE OVUSJUJPO BXBSFOFTT BOE TBOJUBSZ QSBDUJDFT "DDFTT UP XBUFS XBT JNQSPWFE CZ JOTUBMMJOH BEEJUJPOBM XBUFS QPJOUT )BOEQVNQT BOE TPMBS QVNQJOH TZTUFNT XFSF JOTUBMMFE 8BUFS QBOT XFSF QSFQBSFE 5P JNQSPWF XBUFS RVBMJUZ MPDBMMZ NBEF CJP TBOE ยนMUFST XFSF JOUSPEVDFE 5IJT XBT BDDPNQBOJFE XJUI IZHJFOF QSPNPUJPO BDUJWJUJFT 8PSL XBT BMTP EPOF PO JNQSPWJOH UIF DBQBDJUZ PG MPDBM XBUFS BVUIPSJUJFT BOE XBUFS VTFS BTTPDJBUJPOT 5IF QSPKFDU TJHOJยนDBOUMZ JNQSPWFE UIF SFTJMJFODF PG QFSTPOT *U BMTP JNQSPWFE UIF RVBMJUZ PG MJGF PG NBOZ VTFST PG UIF TZTUFNT 4USVDUVSFT XFSF BEBQUFE UP UIF MPDBM IB[BSET BOE DPOUFYU UIFZ XFSF TUSBUFHJDBMMZ QMBDFE BOE MPDBUJPOT XFSF JO BSFBT XFSF UIF SJTL XBT SFEVDFE 8FMMT XFSF NBEF TP BT UP SFTJTU ยบPPEJOH BOE JUT FGGFDUT F H TJMUBUJPO 5IF SJTL PG UIF XBUFS VTFS BTTPDJBUJPOT OPU IBWJOH FOPVHI GVOET UP HFU UISPVHI QFSJPET PG ESPVHIU XBT JEFOUJยนFE BOE TZTUFNT XFSF TFU VQ UP JNQSPWF UIF NBOBHFNFOU PG TVSQMVT GVOET HFOFSBUFE JO OPO ESPVHIU QFSJPET 5IFTF GVOET XFSF BMTP VTFE UP BDDFTT OFX SFTPVSDFT BOE EFWFMPQ OFX TLJMMT 0YGBN BMTP XPSLFE XJUI UIF DPNNVOJUJFT PO DMBSJGZJOH UIF SJHIUT QFPQMF IBE XJUI SFHBSET UP XBUFS BOE UIF PCMJHBUJPOT UIF XBUFS BVUIPSJUJFT IBE UPXBSET UIFN JO UJNFT PG ESPVHIU BOE ยบPPE

COMMUNITY WATER SECURITY PROGRAM โ MYANMAR (2008/2009) โ INTERNATIONAL RESCUE COMMITTEE (WRITTEN BY BEN HARVEY, THE IRC) 0O .BZ UIF TFWFSF USPQJDBM DZDMPOF /BSHJT TUSVDL .ZBONBS BOE TXFQU UISPVHI UIF "ZFZBSXBEZ EFMUB SFHJPO BOE UIF DBQJUBM DJUZ PG :BOHPO EFWBTUBUJOH BMSFBEZ QPPS BOE WVMOFSBCMF DPNNVOJUJFT %VSJOH UIF JOJUJBM NPOUIT PG UIF SFTQPOTF UIF *3$ยฑT &OWJSPONFOUBM )FBMUI &) UFBN GPDVTFE JUT FGGPSUT PO SFTQPOEJOH UP JNNFEJBUF XBUFS TBOJUBUJPO BOE IZHJFOF OFFET PG EJTBTUFS BGGFDUFE BOE JOUFSOBMMZ EJTQMBDFE QPQVMBUJPOT UP QSFWFOU UIF PVUCSFBL PG EJTFBTF BOE NBJOUBJO IFBMUIZ MJWJOH DPOEJUJPOT 8BUFS TPVSDFT XFSF QSPUFDUFE FNFSHFODZ XBUFS TVQQMJFT XFSF FTUBCMJTIFE FNFSHFODZ MBUSJOFT XFSF DPOTUSVDUFE BOE IZHJFOF LJUT BOE GBNJMZ LJUT XFSF EJTUSJCVUFE "GUFS UIF FNFSHFODZ SFTQPOTF QFSJPE UIF *3$ยฑT &OWJSPONFOUBM )FBMUI QSPHSBN JODPSQPSBUFE %JTBTUFS 3JTL 3FEVDUJPO %33 QSJODJQMFT UP SFEVDF UIF WVMOFSBCJMJUJFT BOE JODSFBTF UIF DBQBDJUJFT PG DPNNVOJUJFT UP QSFQBSF BOE SFTQPOE UP GVUVSF QPUFOUJBM EJTBTUFST 5SBEJUJPOBM XBUFS TPVSDFT SBJOXBUFS QPOET BOE XFMMT XFSF GPVOE UP CF QBSUJDVMBSMZ TVTDFQUJCMF UP EBNBHF BOE QPMMVUJPO EVSJOH DZDMPOFT 5IFSFGPSF UIF *3$ยฑT DPNNVOJUZ XBUFS TFDVSJUZ TUSBUFHZ DPODFOUSBUFE PO SFEVDJOH WVMOFSBCJMJUZ UISPVHI UIF DPOTUSVDUJPO PG DZDMPOF SFTJTUBOU MJUFS BOE MJUSF GFSSPDFNFOU SBJOXBUFS IBSWFTUJOH UBOLT BOE EJTUSJCVUJOH DPMMPJEBM TJMWFS DFSBNJD XBUFS ยนMUFST 5IF GFSSPDFNFOU SFTFSWPJST XFSF TJUFE JO MPDBUJPOT XIFSF QFPQMF IBE USBEJUJPOBMMZ HBUIFSFE GPMMPXJOH DSJTJT TDIPPMT IFBMUI DFOUSFT BOE NPOBTUFSJFT

78 DRR AND WASH

ANNEX

5IF *3$ QSPWJEFE UISFF TLJMMFE NBTPOT UP FBDI DPNNVOJUZ JO BEEJUJPO UP DPOTUSVDUJPO NBUFSJBMT 4UPSBHF BOE TFDVSJUZ PG NBUFSJBMT BMPOH XJUI MBCPVS GPS UIF QSPKFDU XBT QSPWJEFE CZ UIF DPNNVOJUZ 5IF SFTFSWPJST BMTP HBWF UIF BEWBOUBHF PG BVHNFOUJOH DPNNVOJUZ XBUFS TVQQMJFT EVSJOH UIF ESZ TFBTPO " UPUBM PG DPNNVOJUJFT CFOFยนUUFE GSPN DZDMPOF SFTJTUBOU SBJOXBUFS IBSWFTUJOH UBOLT *O BEEJUJPO PWFS DPMMPJEBM TJMWFS DFSBNJD XBUFS ยนMUFST XFSF EJTUSJCVUFE UP WVMOFSBCMF IPVTF IPMET 'JOBMMZ JO PSEFS UP JODSFBTF UIF DBQBDJUJFT PG DPNNVOJUJFT ยนSTU BJE SFTQPOEFST BOE DPNNVOJUZ IZHJFOF QSPNPUFST XFSF JEFOUJยนFE USBJOFE FRVJQQFE BOE NFOUPSFE UISPVHIPVU UIF QSPKFDU EVSBUJPO

LIVELIHOODS AND SHELTER PROJECT โ INDIA (2010/11) โ CARE INDIA

*O .BZ $ZDMPOF "*-" IJU *OEJBยฑT TPVUI FBTUFSO DPBTU BGGFDUJOH BMNPTU NJMMJPO QFSTPOT BDSPTT %JTUSJDUT )PNFT XFSF EFTUSPZFE BT XFSF TUBOEJOH DSPQT ยนTIFSJFT BOE MJWFTUPDL 8BUFS TPVSDFT XFSF DPOUBNJOBUFE XJUI TBMJOF XBUFS 5SBEJUJPOBMMZ UIF QPQVMBUJPO XBT MBSHFMZ EFQFOEBOU PO TVSGBDF XBUFS QPOET GPS UIFJS XBUFS TVQQMZ 5IFTF QPOET XFSF OPX ยนMMFE XJUI TBMJOF XBUFS 'JWF NPOUIT BGUFS "*-" NBOZ WJMMBHFT XFSF TUJMM JOVOEBUFE BOE OFFET JO UIF DPNNVOJUZ XJUI SFHBSET UP TIFMUFS GPPE BOE 8"4) TFSWJDFT XFSF WFSZ IJHI 5IF QSPKFDU EFWFMPQFE CZ $"3& *OEJB XPSLFE PO TUSFOHUIFOJOH MJWFMJIPPET BOE JNQSPWJOH TIFMUFS 1BSU PG UIF QSPKFDU XBT UP TVQQMZ 8"4) TFSWJDFT UP DPNNVOJUJFT 5IF WVMOFSBCJMJUZ PG UIF DPNNVOJUJFT UP GVUVSF ยบPPEJOH XBT IJHI BOE UIFSFGPSF UIF IBOEQVNQT UIBU XFSF JOTUBMMFE XFSF SBJTFE 5IJT XPVME FOTVSF UIBU UIF QVNQT XPVME OPU CF BGGFDUFE EVSJOH ยบ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

ยฉ $"3& *OEJB

'JHVSF 0OF PG UIF SBJTFE IBOEQVNQT JOTUBMMFE JO UIF $"3& *OEJB QSPKFDU

DRR AND WASH 79

ANNEX

DROUGHT MITIGATION โ INDIA โ DISCIPLESHIP CENTRE (DC) IN PARTNERSHIP WITH TEARFUND 22

*O B QSPKFDU BJNFE BU NBLJOH DPNNVOJUJFT NPSF SFTJMJFOU UP ESPVHIU BOE DZDMPOFT %$ IBWF TFU VQ 7JMMBHF %FWFMPQNFOU $PNNJUUFFT 7%$T JO ยนWF WJMMBHFT JO 3BKBTUBO 5IFTF 7%$T BSF NBEF VQ PG NFO BOE XPNFO BOE JODMVEF SFQSFTFOUBUJWFT PG EJGGFSFOU DBTUFT 0OF PG UIF NBKPS JTTVFT UIF 7%$T CSPVHIU GPSXBSE XBT TIPSUBHF PG ESJOLJOH XBUFS "T ESJMMJOH NPSF CPSFIPMFT XBT OPU SFBMMZ BO PQUJPO UIF *OEJBO HPWFSONFOU JT PQQPTFE UP JOTUBMMJOH NPSF CPSFIPMFT BT HSPVOEXBUFS MFWFMT BSF ESPQQJOH DJTUFSOT XFSF CVJMU UP TUPSF SBJOXBUFS 5IF DJTUFSOT TUPSF MJUSFT BOE BSF TIBSFE CZ UISFF GBNJMJFT 5IF DJTUFSOT OPSNBMMZ DPOUBJO FOPVHI XBUFS UP HFU UIF IPVTFIPMET UISPVHI UIF ESZ TFBTPO BOE DBO CF VTFE BT B XBUFS SFTFSWPJS JG XBUFS XPVME IBWF UP CF CSPVHIU JO CZ XBUFS USVDL JO DBTF PG ESPVHIU 0OF DJTUFSO XBT CVJMU JO FWFSZ WJMMBHF 5IF TDIFNF XBT XFMM SFDFJWFE BOE UIF 7%$T TVQQPSUFE CZ %$ UPPL UIF JEFB UP UIF MPDBM HPWFSONFOU XIP DPNNJUUFE UP CVJMEJOH BO BEEJUJPOBM DJTUFSOT JO UIF OFBS GVUVSF " USBEJUJPOBM XBZ UP DPOTFSWF XBUFS XBT UIF DPOTUSVDUJPO PG SBJOXBUFS CVOET POF UP UXP NFUSFT IJHI FBSUI XBMMT CVJMU BSPVOE B ยนFME UP DPOUBJO SBJOXBUFS 5IF QSPKFDU BTTJTUFE JO QSFQBSJOH POF ยนFME TVSSPVOEFE CZ CVOET GPS POF PG UIF WJMMBHF XJEPXT 5IF ZJFME PG UIF ยนFME EPVCMFE JO UIF ยนSTU ZFBS BOE PUIFS WJMMBHF NFNCFST BSF OPX BMTP MPPLJOH JOUP UIF QPTTJCJMJUZ UP JOTUBMM CVOET UP JNQSPWF XBUFS NBOBHFNFOU JO UIF ยนFMET 5IF 7%$T BMTP SFTVMUFE JO UIF FNQPXFSNFOU PG WVMOFSBCMF HSPVQT JO UIF DPNNVOJUJFT BOE HJWJOH UIFN B WPJDF XJUIJO UIF DPNNVOJUZ BOE UPXBSET HPWFSONFOU

DEVELOPMENT AND RISK REDUCTION โ INDIA โ EVANGELICAL FELLOWSHIP OF INDIA COMMISSION ON RELIEF (EFICOR) IN PARTNERSHIP WITH TEARFUND23 ,IBNNBN EJTUSJDU JO "OEISB 1SBEFTI JT POF PG UIF IPUUFTU EJTUSJDUT JO TPVUIFSO *OEJB 5IF NBJO IB[BSET GBDJOH UIF EJTUSJDU BSF ยบPPEJOH BOE ESPVHIU 8IFO UIFZ PDDVS IBOEQVNQT BSF TVCNFSHFE EVSJOH ยบPPEJOH FWFOUT BOE EVSJOH ESPVHIU UIF CPSFIPMFT ESZ VQ &'*$03 IBT XPSLFE PO JODSFBTJOH UIF SFTJMJFODF JO B OVNCFS PG WJMMBHFT JO ,IBNNBN EJTUSJDU *O UFO WJMMBHFT &'*$03 IBT FTUBCMJTIFE %JTBTUFS .BOBHFNFOU $PNNJUUFFT %.$T BOE GPSNFE BOE USBJOFE BO FNFSHFODZ SFTQPOTF UBTL GPSDF 0UIFS HSPVQT XFSF BMTP TFU VQ F H 8PNFOยฑ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

DIBOHF PG JOUFOTJUZ PS EVSBUJPO PG UIF ยบPPET CVU CFDBVTF UIFZ GFFM UIF DPNNVOJUZ JT CFUUFS PSHBOJTFE UP EFBM XJUI UIF DPOTFRVFODFT #FDBVTF PG UIF XPSL PG UIF 8PNFOยฑT 4FMG )FMQ (SPVQT XPNFO BMTP IBWF SFDFJWFE NVDI NPSF PG B WPJDF JO DPNNVOJUZ BGGBJST

FLOOD EMERGENCY RESPONSE โ INDIA (2007/08) โ OXFAM INDIA

*O 0YGBN *OEJB EFWFMPQFE B SFMJFG JOUFSWFOUJPO JO SFTQPOTF UP UIF #JIBS ยบPPET 5IJT XBT GPMMPXFE VQ JO CZ B ยบPPE SFDPWFSZ QSPHSBNNF 0OF PG UIF UIJOHT UIBU CFDBNF DMFBS EVSJOH UIF BTTFTTNFOU XBT UIBU XPNFO IBE QPPS BDDFTT UP BEFRVBUF CBUIJOH GBDJMJUJFT XIFO EJTQMBDFE 5P BEESFTT UIJT QBSUJDVMBS OFFE CBUIJOH DVCJDMFT XFSF NBEF JO UIF NPTU WVMOFSBCMF DPNNVOJUJFT 5IFTF DVCJDMFT XFSF SBJTFE TP BT UP CF BCPWF UIF ยบPPE MJOF MFWFM BOE JODPSQPSBUFE B IBOEQVNQ 5IJT BQQSPBDI NFBOU UIBU VTFST IBE ZFBS SPVOE BDDFTT UP QSJWBUF XBTIJOH QMBDFT BOE B TBGF XBUFS TVQQMZ SFTJMJFOU UP ยบPPET 5IJT BDUJPO XBT QBSU PG B MBSHFS JOUFSWFOUJPO UIBU JODMVEFE IZHJFOF QSPNPUJPO DBQBDJUZ CVJMEJOH PG DPNNVOJUZ CBTFE PSHBOJTBUJPOT BOE MPCCZJOH GPS UIF SFQMJDBUJPO PG UIF CBUIJOH DVCJDMF TZTUFN CZ UIF BVUIPSJUJFT 5IJT BDUJPO JT B HPPE FYBNQMF PG BO JOUFSWFOUJPO XIFSF %33 JT JOUFHSBUFE PS NBJOTUSFBNFE JO B TUBOEBSE 8"4) QSPKFDU 'PS NPSF JOGPSNBUJPO DPOUBDU ;VCJO ;BNBO )VNBOJUBSJBO 1SPHSBNNF .BOBHFS GPS 0YGBN *OEJB /FX %FMIJ

CHOLERA RESPONSE โ MOZAMBIQUE (1998)

*O B MBSHF JOUFSOBUJPOBM /(0 SFTQPOEFE UP B NBKPS DIPMFSB PVUCSFBL JO UIF DJUZ PG #FJSB JO .P[BNCJRVF 1BSU PG UIF SFTQPOTF DPOTJTUFE PG TFUUJOH VQ B XBUFS USVDLJOH TDIFNF UIBU TVQQMJFE XBUFS UP TFWFSBM TMVN BSFBT XJUI JOBEFRVBUF TBOJUBUJPO BOE QPPS XBUFS BWBJMBCJMJUZ 8BUFS EJTUSJCVUJPO QPJOUT XFSF NBEF XJUI CMBEEFS UBOLT SBJTFE CZ QMBDJOH UIFN PO QVSQPTF NBEF TBOE NPVOET BOE USBOTQPSU DPOUBJOFST 0OF PG UIF XBUFS EJTUSJCVUJPO QPJOUT XBT UP CF JOTUBMMFE CFTJEFT B TDIPPM -PDBM XPSLFST GSPN UIF DPNNVOJUZ NBEF UIF TBOE NPVOE VOEFS UIF TVQFSWJTJPO PG B GPSFNBO $POUSBSZ UP JOTUSVDUJPOT UIF NFUSFT IJHI TBOE NPVOE XBT NBEF BHBJOTU B XBMM PG UIF TDIPPM 0O UIF PUIFS TJEF PG UIF VOSFJOGPSDFE CSJDL XBMM XFSF DSPXEFE DMBTTSPPNT 5IF N CMBEEFS UBOL IBE CFFO QMBDFE BHBJOTU UIF XBMM 5IF CMBEEFS BOE UBQTUBOE TZTUFN XFSF JOTUBMMFE BOE B XBUFS USVDL PO JUT XBZ UP ยนMM UIF SFTFSWPJS XBT PO JUT XBZ XIFO UIF DPPSEJOBUJPO UFBN WJTJUFE 0O TFFJOH UIF UISFBU PG DPMMBQTF PG UIF XBMM BOE B GVMM CMBEEFS SPMMJOH JOUP B GVMM DMBTTSPPN UIF XBUFS USVDL XBT EJWFSUFE UP BOPUIFS EJTUSJCVUJPO TJUF BOE UIF JOTUSVDUJPO XFSF MFGU UP JNNFEJBUFMZ SFNPWF UIF MPBE GSPN UIF XBMM BOE JOTUBMM UIF QMBUGPSN TPNF NFUSFT GSPN UIF CVJMEJOHT 5IF EJTUSJCVUJPO TUBSUFE POF EBZ MBUFS UIBO QMBOOFE CVU B QPTTJCMF EJTBTUFS XBT BWFSUFE

5IF XPSL XJUI UIF DPNNVOJUZ BOE TUSFOHUIFOJOH PG DPNNVOJUZ PSHBOJTBUJPO IBT MFGU B NBSL $PNNVOJUZ NFNCFST FYQSFTTFE UIBU IB[BSE FWFOUT IBE MFTT JNQBDU PO UIFJS MJWFT OPU CFDBVTF PG B

80 DRR AND WASH

22 Adapted from http://tilz.tearfund.org/webdocs/Tilz/Topics/DRR/ Drought%20Mitigation%20in%20Rajasthan.pdf 23 Adapted from http://tilz.tearfund.org/webdocs/Tilz/Topics/Risk%20 reduction%20in%20Andhra%20Pradesh%20-%20smaller.pdf

DRR AND WASH 81

GLOBAL WASH CLUSTER

REFERENCES AND FURTHER READING

GENERAL BACKGROUND WASH NO. TITLE DESCRIPTION

GLOBAL WASH CLUSTER

KEY ORGANISATIONS, GENERAL INFORMATION RELATED TO DISASTERS AND VERTICAL PORTALS RELATING TO DISASTERS

PUBLISHED BY â&#x20AC;&#x201C; YEAR SOURCE

NO. TITLE

DESCRIPTION

PUBLISHED BY â&#x20AC;&#x201C; YEAR SOURCE

8BUFS 4BOJUBUJPO BOE )ZHJFOF GPS QPQVMBUJPOT BU SJTL

&WFSZUIJOH ZPV FWFS XBOUFE UP LOPX PO 8"4) JO FNFSHFODZ BOE SFDPWFSZ PS BMNPTUÂ¥

"DUJPO $POUSF MB 'BJN IUUQ XXX BDUJPOBHBJOTUIVOHFS PSH )FSNBOO 1BSJT SFTPVSDFT TVNNBSZ 8BUFS 4BOJUBUJPO 'SBODF

BOE )ZHJFOF GPS 1PQVMBUJPOT BU 3JTL

R11

6/ *4%3 )PNF QBHF

"DDFTT UP UIF 6/ *4%3 XFCTJUF

6OJUFE /BUJPOT IUUQ XXX VOJTES PSH *OUFSOBUJPOBM 4USBUFHZ GPS %JTBTUFS 3FEVDUJPO 6/ *4%3

&OHJOFFSJOH JO FNFSHFODJFT " QSBDUJDBM HVJEF GPS SFMJFG XPSLFST OE FE

"VUIPST +BO %BWJT BOE 3PCFSU -BNCFSU (PPE JOUSPEVDUJPO JO 8"4) JO FNFSHFODJFT

*OUFSNFEJBUF 5FDIOPMPHZ 1VCMJDBUJ POT -UE 3VHCZ 6,

R12

1SP7FOUJPO DPOTPSUJVN

"DDFTT UP UIF 1SP7FOUJPO XFCTJUF

1SP7FOUJPO DPOTPSUJVN

IUUQ XXX QSPWFOUJPODPOTPSUJVN PSH

R13

"VUIPST 4BSBI )PVTF BOE #PC 3FFE (VJEFMJOF PO UIF XBUFS TPVSDF TFMFDUJPO BOE USFBUNFOU JO UIF FNFSHFODZ BOE SFDPWFSZ QIBTF

8BUFS &OHJOFFSJOH BOE IUUQ XFED MCPSP BD VL LOPXMFEHF %FWFMPQNFOU $FOUSF EFUBJMT QIQ CPPL Â¬ -PVHICPSPVHI 6OJWFSTJUZ -PVHI CPSPVHI 6,

&. %"5 Â¬ 5IF *OUFSOBUJPOBM %JTBTUFS %BUBCBTF

$FOUSF PO UIF 3FTFBSDI PO UIF &QJEFNJPMPHZ PG %JTBTUFST $3&%

" XFC CBTFE EBUBCBTF PO EJTBTUFST TJODF 5IF TJUF BMTP HJWFT BDDFTT UP QVCMJDBUJPOT PO EJTBTUFST QSF NBEF HSBQIT BOE NBQT BOE BMMPXT VTFST UP DSFBUF QFSTPOBMJTFE EBUBTFUT

IUUQ XXX FNEBU CF

&NFSHFODZ XBUFS TPVSDFT (VJEFMJOFT GPS TFMFDUJPO BOE USFBUNFOU SE FE

&NFSHFODZ TBOJUBUJPO "TTFTTNFOU BOE QSPHSBNNF EFTJHO

"VUIPST 1FUFS )BSWFZ 4PISBC #BHISJ BOE #PC 3FFE (VJEFMJOF PO BTTFTTNFOU FYDSFUB EJTQPTBM TPMJE XBTUF NBOBHFNFOU ESBJOBHF IZHJFOF QSPNPUJPO BOE QSPHSBNNJOH JO UIF FNFSHFODZ BOE SFDPWFSZ QIBTF

8BUFS &OHJOFFSJOH BOE %FWFMPQNFOU $FOUSF Â¬ -PVHI CPSPVHI 6OJWFSTJUZ -PVHICPSPVHI 6,

1SFWFOUJPO8FC Â¬ 1SPGFTTJPOBM SFTPVSDFT

"DDFTT UP USBJOJOH NBUFSJBMT QVCMJDBUJPOT VQDPNJOH FWFOUT KPCT BOE NPSF XJUI SFHBSET UP %33

1SFWFOUJPO8FC

IUUQ XXX QSFWFOUJPOXFC OFU FOHMJTI QSPGFTTJPOBM

1BO "NFSJDBO )FBMUI "DDFTT XFCQBHF UP UIF 0SHBOJ[BUJPO 1")0 QVCMJDBUJPOT PG 1")0 SFMBUJOH Â¬ 1VCMJDBUJPOT DBUBMPHVF UP EJTBTUFST 1")0 IBT B XFBMUI PG QVCMJDBUJPOT UIBU DPWFS IB[BSE UZQFT TFDUPST BOE QVCMJD IFBMUI JO FNFSHFODJFT

1BO "NFSJDBO )FBMUI 0SHBOJ[BUJPO 1")0

IUUQ XXX EJTBTUFSQVCMJDBUJPOT JOGP FOHMJTI JOEFY QIQ

R16

0$)" %JTBTUFS 3FTQPOTF 1SFQBSFEOFTT 5PPMLJU

6/ 0GÂ¹DF GPS UIF $PPSEJOBUJPO PG )VNBOJUBSJBO "GGBJST 0$)"

IUUQ PDIB VOPH DI ESQUPPMLJU JOEFY IUNM

)BSE DPQZ

IUUQ XFED MCPSP BD VL LOPXMFEHF EFUBJMT QIQ CPPL

0VU JO UIF DPME &NFSHFODZ XBUFS TVQQMZ BOE TBOJUBUJPO GPS DPME SFHJPOT SE FE

"VUIPST .BSL #VUUMF BOE .JDIBFM 4NJUI (VJEFMJOF PO 8"4) JO FNFSHFODZ BOE SFDPWFSZ JO DPME DMJNBUFT

8BUFS &OHJOFFSJOH BOE IUUQ XFED MCPSP BD VL LOPXMFEHF %FWFMPQNFOU $FOUSF EFUBJMT QIQ CPPL Â¬ -PVHICPSPVHI 6OJWFSTJUZ -PVHI CPSPVHI 6,

$POUSPMMJOH BOE QSFWFOUJOH EJTFBTF 5IF SPMF PG XBUFS BOE FOWJSPONFOUBM TBOJUBUJPO JOUFSWFOUJPOT

"VUIPST &SJL 3PUUJFS BOE .BSHBSFU *ODF (VJEFMJOF PO 8"4) SFMBUFE JOGFDUJPOT BOE UIF DPOUSPM UISPVHI 8"4) BDUJPOT

8BUFS &OHJOFFSJOH BOE IUUQ XFED MCPSP BD VL LOPXMFEHF %FWFMPQNFOU $FOUSF Â¬ EFUBJMT QIQ CPPL -PVHICPSPVHI 6OJWFSTJUZ -PVHICPSPVHI 6,

7FDUPS DPOUSPM .FUIPET GPS VTF CZ JOEJWJEVBMT BOE DPNNVOJUJFT

"VUIPST +BO " 3P[FOEBBM (VJEFMJOF PO WFDUPS DPOUSPM

8PSME )FBMUI IUUQ XIRMJCEPD XIP JOU 0SHBOJTBUJPO 8)0 QVCMJDBUJPOT @FOH (FOFWB 4XJU[FSMBOE QEG

8)0 1VCMJDBUJPOT PO 8BUFS 4BOJUBUJPO BOE )ZHJFOF

"DDFTT UP SFTPVSDFT DPWFSJOH 8"4) BOE QVCMJD IFBMUI BT SFMBUFE UP 8"4)

8PSME )FBMUI 0SHBOJTBUJPO 8)0

IUUQ XXX XIP JOU XBUFS@TBOJUB UJPO@IFBMUI QVCMJDBUJPOT FO JOEFY IUNM

6/*$&' 8BUFS 4BOJUBUJPO BOE )ZHJFOF QVCMJDBUJPOT

"DDFTT UP 8"4) SFTPVSDFT

6OJUFE /BUJPOT $IJMESFOÂ±T 'VOE 6/*$&'

IUUQ XXX VOJDFG PSH XBTI JOEFY@EPDVNFOUT IUNM

R10

5IF 4QIFSF QSPKFDU 4UBOEBSET BOE UPPMT GPS )VNBOJUBSJBO DIBSUFS BDDPVOUBCJMJUZ PO 8"4) JO BOE NJOJNVN TUBOEBSET FNFSHFODJFT JO EJTBTUFS SFTQPOTF Â¬ 8BUFS 4BOJUBUJPO )ZHJFOF QSPNPUJPO

5IF 4QIFSF QSPKFDU (FOFWB 4XJU[FSMBOE

IUUQ XXX TQIFSFQSPKFDU PSH DPNQPOFOU PQUJPO DPN@EPDNBO UBTL DBU@WJFX HJE *UFNJE MBOH FOHMJTI

82 DRR AND WASH

" XFCTJUF QSPWJEJOH BDDFTT UP TVNNBSZ JOGPSNBUJPO PO EJGGFSFOU IB[BSET SFTQPOTF QSFQBSFEOFTT BOE GVOEJOH NFDIBOJTNT

GENERAL BACKGROUND DRR & DRR MAINSTREAMING

NO. TITLE

DESCRIPTION

PUBLISHED BY â&#x20AC;&#x201C; YEAR SOURCE

R17

6/ *4%3 5FSNJOPMPHZ PO %JTBTUFS 3JTL 3FEVDUJPO

%FÂ¹OJUJPOT PG UFSNT VTFE JO %33

6OJUFE /BUJPOT IUUQ XXX VOJTES PSH FOH MJCSBSZ *OUFSOBUJPOBM 4USBUFHZ MJC UFSNJOPMPHZ FOH IUN GPS %JTBTUFS 3FEVDUJPO 6/ *4%3

"U 3JTL /BUVSBM IB[BSET "VUIPST #FO 8JTOFS 1JFST QFPQMFÂ±T WVMOFSBCJMJUZ #MBJLJF 5FSSZ $BOOPO BOE EJTBTUFST OE FE

BOE *BO %BWJT *O EFQUI CBDLHSPVOE PO EJTBTUFST UIF 1"3 NPEFM BOE %33 JO EJGGFSFOU IB[BSE UZQFT

3PVUMFEHF -POEPO 6,

)BSE DPQZ

*OUSPEVDUJPO UP JOUFSOBUJPOBM EJTBTUFS NBOBHFNFOU

&MTFWJFS "NTUFSEBN 5IF /FUIFSMBOET

)BSE DPQZ

"VUIPS %BNPO 1 $PQQPMB 3FGFSFODF XPSL PO EJTBTUFST %33 BOE UIF FNFSHFODZ NBOBHFNFOU DZDMF

DRR AND WASH 83

GLOBAL WASH CLUSTER

GENERAL BACKGROUND WASH NO. TITLE DESCRIPTION

PUBLISHED BY โ YEAR SOURCE

R20

(PPE 1SBDUJDF 3FWJFX %JTBTUFS SJTL SFEVDUJPO .JUJHBUJPO BOE QSFQBSFEOFTT JO EFWFMPQ NFOU BOE FNFSHFODZ QSPHSBNNJOH

"VUIPS +PIO 5XJHH #BDLHSPVOE PO UIF %33 QSJODJQMFT BOE BQQSPBDI BOE %33 JOUFSWFOUJPOT

R21

5PPMT GPS NBJOTUSFBNJOH EJTBTUFS SJTL SFEVDUJPO HVJEBODF OPUFT GPS EFWFMPQNFOU PSHBOJTBUJPOT

"VUIPST $IBSMPUUF #FOTPO 1SP7FOUJPO +PIO 5XJHH BOE 5J[JBOB DPOTPSUJVN (FOFWB 3PTTFUUP 4XJU[FSMBOE " TFU PG UPPMT PO UIF NBJOTUSFBNJOH PG %33 JO UIF QSPHSBNNJOH PG EFWFMPQNFOU PSHBOJTBUJPOT

IUUQ XXX QSPWFOUJPODPOTPSUJVN PSH UIFNFT EFGBVMU QEGT UPPMT@GPS@ NBJOTUSFBNJOH@%33 QEG

.BJOTUSFBNJOH EJTBTUFS SJTL SFEVDUJPO " UPPM GPS EFWFMPQNFOU PSHBOJTBUJPOT

"VUIPST 4BSBI -B 5SPCF BOE 1SPG *BO %BWJT " TNBMM HVJEFMJOF PO NBJOTUSFBNJOH PG %33 JO QSPHSBNNJOH BOE UIF NPOJUPSJOH PG MFWFM PG JOUFHSBUJPO

IUUQ XXX UFBSGVOE PSH XFCEPDT 8FCTJUF $BNQBJHOJOH 1PMJDZ BOE SFTFBSDI .BJOTUSFBNJOH EJTBTUFS SJTL SFEVDUJPO QEG

R22

DRR GUIDELINES AND TOOLS NO. TITLE DESCRIPTION R23

$3" 5PPMLJU (MPTTBSZ PG 5FSNT

)VNBOJUBSJBO 1SBDUJDF IUUQ XXX PEJIQO PSH QVCMJTUHQS /FUXPSL )1/ BTQ 0WFSTFBT %FWFMPQNFOU *OTUJUVUF 0%* -POEPO 6,

5FBSGVOE 5FEEJOHUPO 6,

" MJTUJOH PG EJGGFSFOU BQQSPBDIFT 1SP7FOUJPO JO UIF BTTFTTNFOUT PG IB[BSET DPOTPSUJVN WVMOFSBCJMJUZ BOE DBQBDJUZ BOE TQFDJยนD BTTFTTNFOU NFUIPET BOE UPPMT

IUUQ XXX QSPWFOUJPODPOTPSUJVN PSH QBHFJE

$PNNVOJUZ 3JTL "TTFTTNFOU NFUIPEPMP HJFT BOE DBTF TUVEJFT

" DPMMFDUJPO PG NBOVBMT HVJEFMJOFT MFTTPOT MFBSOFE BOE DBTF TUVEJFT PO %33 PG B NVMUJUVEF PG EJGGFSFOU PSHBOJTBUJPOT

1SP7FOUJPO DPOTPSUJVN

%JTBTUFS NBOBHFNFOU SFTPVSDFT DPSOFS

"DDFTT UP *'3$ EJTBTUFS NBOBHFNFOU QVCMJDBUJPOT

*OUFSOBUJPOBM IUUQ XXX JGSD PSH XIBU EJTBTUFST 'FEFSBUJPO PG 3FE SFTPVSDFT QVCMJDBUJPOT BTQ $SPTT BOE 3FE $SFTDFOU 4PDJFUJFT *'3$

R27

7VMOFSBCJMJUZ BOE DBQBDJUZ BTTFTTNFOU 7$"

" TFU PG SFTPVSDFT JOUSPEVDJOH 7VMOFSBCJMJUZ BOE $BQBDJUZ "TTFTTNFOU B UPPMCPY USBJOJOH BOE MFTTPOT MFBSOFE TFWFSBM EPDVNFOUT BSF BMTP BWBJMBCMF 'SFODI BOE 4QBOJTI

*OUFSOBUJPOBM 'FEFSBUJPO PG 3FE $SPTT BOE 3FE $SFTDFOU 4PDJFUJFT *'3$

3FEVDJOH SJTL PG EJTBTUFS "VUIPST 1BVM 7FOUPO BOE #PC 5FBSGVOE 5FEEJOHUPO JO PVS DPNNVOJUJFT )BOTGPSE 6, " HVJEFMJOF PO UIF BQQMJDBUJPO PG UIF DPNNVOJUZ CBTFE %33

84 DRR AND WASH

1BSUJDJQBUPSZ $BQBDJUZ BOE 7VMOFSBCJMJUZ "OBMZTJT 5SBJOJOH 1BDL

"VUIPST &EXBSE 5VSWJMM BOE )POPSJP # %F %JPT " USBJOJOH QBDL GPS 1BSUJDJQB UPSZ $BQBDJUZ BOE 7VMOFSBCJMJUZ "OBMZTJT

0YGBN (# 0YGPSE 6,

)BSE DPQZ

"QQSPBDIFT UP EJTBTUFS SJTL SFEVDUJPO

(VJEFMJOF PO UIF BQQMJDBUJPO PG %33 JO DPNNVOJUJFT

$PODFSO

IUUQ XXX DPODFSOVTB PSH NFEJB QEG $PODFSO@"QQSPBDIFTUP %33 QBQFS ยนOBM QEG

R30

$MJNBUF 7VMOFSBCJMJUZ BOE "VUIPST "OHJF %B[n ,BJB $BQBDJUZ "OBMZTJT "NCSPTF BOE $IBSMFT &ISIBSU )BOECPPL " HVJEFMJOF PO BEBQUBUJPO UP $MJNBUF $IBOHF UIF BQQSPBDI QSFTFOUFE JOUFHSBUFT %33 BOE $MJNBUF $IBOHF BEBQUBUJPO

$"3& *OUFSOBUJPOBM

IUUQ XXX DBSFDMJNBUFDIBOHF PSH JOEFY QIQ PQUJPO DPN@DPOUFOU WJFX BSUJDMF JE *UFNJE

R31

%SPVHIU $ZDMF .BOBHFNFOU " UPPMLJU GPS UIF ESZMBOET PG UIF HSFBUFS IPSO PG "GSJDB

" HVJEFMJOF PO XPSLJOH JO ESPVHIU QSPOF BSFBT

**33 $PSE"JE BOE "DBDJB $POTVMUBOUT

)BSE DPQZ

R32

%JTBTUFS 3JTL 3FEVDUJPO JO UIF QSPKFDU DZDMF NBOBHFNFOU " UPPM GPS QSPHSBNNF PGยนDFST BOE QSPKFDU NBOBHFST

" CSJFG EPDVNFOU DPWFSJOH UIF JOUFHSBUJPO PG %33 JO UIF QSPKFDU DZDMF

4XJTT "HFODZ GPS %FWFMPQNFOU BOE $PPQFSBUJPO 4%$

IUUQ XXX SJTLBOETBGFUZOFU DI FO %JTBTUFS@3JTL@3FEVDUJPO 1VCMJDBUJ POT 5PPMT@GSPN@4%$

DRR INTEGRATION IN WASH NO. TITLE DESCRIPTION

PUBLISHED BY โ YEAR SOURCE

R33

ย $wNP SFEVDJS FM JNQBDUP EF MPT EFTBTUSFT FO MPT TJTUFNBT EF BHVB Z TBOFBNJFOUP SVSBM

" 4QBOJTI MBOHVBHF HVJEFMJOF PO UIF FGGFDUT PG TQFDJยนD EJTBTUFST PO SVSBM 8"4) TZTUFNT 5IF HVJEFMJOF QSFTFOUT WFSZ TQFDJยนD PGUFO JMMVTUSBUFE NFBTVSFT UIBU DBO CF UBLFO UP JNQSPWF UIF SFTJMJFODF PG 8"4) TZTUFNT

0SHBOJ[BDJwO 1BOBNFSJDBOB EF MB 4BMVE 1")0

IUUQ XXX QBIP PSH TQBOJTI EE QFE JNQBDUPEFTBTUSFTBHVBSVSBM IUN

1SFQBSBUJWPT FO TBMVE BHVB Z TBOFBNJFOUP QBSB MB SFTQVFTUB MPDBM BOUF EFTBTUSFT

" 4QBOJTI MBOHVBHF HVJEFMJOF PO QVCMJD IFBMUI XJUI SFHBSET UP EJTBTUFST 5IF DPWFSBHF PG 8"4) JT OPU EFFQ CVU UIF HVJEFMJOF HJWFT B CSPBE BOE VTFGVM PWFSWJFX PG 8"4) XJUI SFHBSE UP IFBMUI

0SHBOJ[BDJwO 1BOBNFSJDBOB EF MB 4BMVE 1")0

IUUQ XXX QBIP PSH TQBOJTI EE QFE QSFQBSBUJWPTSFTQVFTUBMPDBM IUN

.JOJNJ[BOEP FM EBvP TJTNJDP HVJB QBSB MPT PQFSBEPSFT EF BHVB

" 4QBOJTI MBOHVBHF HVJEFMJOF GPS XBUFS VUJMJUJFT DPWFSJOH SJTL PG FBSUIRVBLFT UP XBUFS TVQQMZ TZTUFNT BOE NJUJHBUJPO BOE QSFQBSBUJPO NFBTVSFT

0SHBOJ[BDJwO 1BOBNFSJDBOB EF MB 4BMVE 1")0

IUUQ XXX EJTBTUFS JOGP OFU XBUFSNJUJHBUJPO F QVCMJDBDJPOFT 3FETJTNPT JOEFY@FO IUNM

IUUQ XXX JGSD PSH XIBU EJTBTUFST SFTPVSDFT QVCMJDBUJPOT BTQ

IUUQ XXX QSPWFOUJPODPOTPSUJVN PSH UIFNFT EFGBVMU QEGT $3" 5FBSGVOE @NFUI QEG

PUBLISHED BY โ YEAR SOURCE

R26

GENERAL BACKGROUND WASH NO. TITLE DESCRIPTION

DRR AND WASH 85

GLOBAL WASH CLUSTER

GENERAL BACKGROUND WASH NO. TITLE DESCRIPTION

PUBLISHED BY โ YEAR SOURCE

R36

/BUVSBM %JTBTUFS .JUJHBUJPO JO %SJOLJOH 8BUFS BOE 4FXFSBHF 4ZTUFNT (VJEFMJOFT GPS 7VMOFSBCJMJUZ "OBMZTJT

R37

5IF DIBMMFOHF JO EJTBTUFS " IJHIFS MFWFM EPDVNFOU SFEVDUJPO GPS UIF XBUFS MPPLJOH BU UIF MJOLT CFUXFFO BOE TBOJUBUJPO TFDUPS 8"4) BOE EJTBTUFST *NQSPWJOH RVBMJUZ PG MJGF CZ SFEVDJOH WVMOFSBCJMJUJFT

1BO "NFSJDBO )FBMUI 0SHBOJ[BUJPO 1")0

IUUQ XXX QBIP PSH FOHMJTI EE QFE %FTBยนPEFM"HVB IUN

*OUFHSBUFE 3JTL .BOBHFNFOU UP 1SPUFDU %SJOLJOH 8BUFS BOE 4BOJUBUJPO 4FSWJDFT 'BDJOH /BUVSBM %JTBTUFST

%PDVNFOU EFTDSJCJOH UIF MJOLBHFT CFUXFFO EJTBTUFST BOE 8"4) TFSWJDFT BOE EJTBTUFS NBOBHFNFOU XJUI SFHBSET UP 8"4) TFSWJDFT

*3$ *OUFSOBUJPOBM 8BUFS BOE 4BOJUBUJPO $FOUSF

IUUQ XXX JSD OM QBHF

DESCRIPTION

PUBLISHED BY โ YEAR SOURCE

WATER SAFETY PLANS NO. TITLE

" HVJEFMJOF PO UIF FGGFDUT PG 1BO "NFSJDBO )FBMUI TQFDJยนD EJTBTUFST PO MBSHFS 0SHBOJ[BUJPO 1")0

8"4) TZTUFNT BOE TPNF NFBTVSFT UIBU DBO CF UBLFO UP BWPJE OFHBUJWF JNQBDU %FTQJUF UIF UJUMF UIF GPDVT JT MBSHFMZ PO XBUFS TVQQMZ TZTUFNT *O BOOFY B DBTF TUVEZ PG B WVMOFSBCJMJUZ BOBMZTJT PG B XBUFS TVQQMZ TZTUFN JT QSFTFOUFE

IUUQ XXX QBIP PSH &OHMJTI %% 1&% OBUVSFOH IUN

" #SJFG (VJEF UP %SJOLJOH 8BUFS 4BGFUZ 1MBOT

" CSJFG EFTDSJQUJPO PG XBUFS TBGFUZ QMBOT

%SJOLJOH 8BUF *OTQFDUPSBUF %8*

(VJEFMJOFT GPS ESJOLJOH XBUFS RVBMJUZ UIJSE FEJUJPO JODPSQPSBUJOH ยนSTU BOE TFDPOE BEEFOEB ยฌ 7PMVNF SFDPNNFO EBUJPOT ยฌ $IBQUFS 8BUFS 4BGFUZ 1MBOT

%FTDSJQUJPO PG 8BUFS 4BGFUZ 1MBOT EFTDSJCJOH FMFNFOUT SFMFWBOU UP EJGGFSFOU XBUFS TVQQMZ TZTUFNT HVJEBODF PO TFUUJOH VQ NPOJUPSJOH QSPDFTTFT BOE DPSSFDUJWF QSPDFEVSFT

8PSME )FBMUI IUUQ XXX XIP JOU XBUFS@TBOJUB 0SHBOJTBUJPO 8)0 UJPO@IFBMUI EXR HEXR SFW FO JOEFY (FOFWB 4XJU[FSMBOE IUNM ยฌ

8BUFS 4BGFUZ 1MBO .BOVBM 4UFQ CZ TUFQ SJTL NBOBHFNFOU GPS ESJOLJOH XBUFS TVQQMJFST

"VUIPST #BSUSBN + FU BM " TUFQ CZ TUFQ NBOVBM PO NBLJOH B 8BUFS 4BGFUZ 1MBO

8PSME )FBMUI 0SHBOJTBUJPO 8)0 (FOFWB 4XJU[FSMBOE

ADDITIONAL RESOURCES NO. TITLE DESCRIPTION

IUUQ XXX EXJ HPW VL HVJEBODF (VJEF UP XTQ QEG

IUUQ XXX XIP JOU XBUFS@TBOJUB UJPO@IFBMUI QVCMJDBUJPO@ FO JOEFY IUNM

PUBLISHED BY โ YEAR SOURCE

3FMJFGXFC ยฌ $PVOUSJFT BOE FNFSHFODJFT

*OGPSNBUJPO PO DVSSFOU EJTBTUFST BOE FNFSHFODJFT

6/ 0GยนDF GPS UIF $PPS IUUQ XXX SFMJFGXFC JOU SX ECD OTG EJOBUJPO PG )VNBOJUB EPD 0QFO'PSN SJBO "GGBJST 0$)"

"MFSU/FU

/FXT DPWFSBHF

5IPNTPO 3FVUFST 'PVOEBUJPO

86 DRR AND WASH

IUUQ XXX BMFSUOFU PSH JOEFY IUN

INDEX

BDUJPO QMBOOJOH FYBNQMF FNFSHFODZ JO SFDPWFSZ EFWFMPQNFOU BEBQUBUJPO 4FF $MJNBUF $IBOHF "EBQUBUJPO BODIPSJOH BOJNBM TUBNQFEF BSUJยนDJBM HSPVOEXBUFS SFDIBSHF BTTFTTNFOU JO FNFSHFODZ JO SFDPWFSZ EFWFMPQNFOU BTTJTUFE TFEJNFOUBUJPO BVUIPSJUJFT BWBMBODIF CPSFIPMF CSBDJOH CSBODIFE EJTUSJCVUJPO TZTUFNT CVJME CBDL CFUUFS CVJMEJOH TUBOEBSET CVOET DBQBDJUZ EFยนOJUJPO $"3& *OEJB DBTU JSPO QJQFT $$ 4FF $MJNBUF $IBOHF $$" 4FF $MJNBUF $IBOHF "EBQUBUJPO DFOUSBMJTFE TZTUFNT DIFDL EBNT DIFDL XBMM DIMPSJOBUJPO DIPMFSB $MJNBUF $IBOHF $MJNBUF $IBOHF "EBQUBUJPO DMJNBUPMPHJDBM QSPDFTTFT BT DBVTF PG ESPVHIU BT DBVTF PG FYUSFNF UFNQFSBUVSFT BT DBVTF PG TUPSN DZDMPOF USPQJDBM EBN CVSTU EFยนOJUJPO DBQBDJUZ %JTBTUFS 3JTL 3FEVDUJPO IB[BSE NJUJHBUJPO QSFQBSFEOFTT QSFWFOUJPO SFTJMJFODF

WVMOFSBCJMJUZ EFGPSFTUBUJPO BT DBVTF PG ยบPPE BT DBVTF PG MBOETMJEF EJSFDU PCTFSWBUJPO EJTBCJMJUZ EJTBTUFS BOE 8"4) EFยนOJUJPO FMFNFOUT OFFEFE GPS HMPCBM JNQBDU USFOET FYQFDUFE GVUVSF IJTUPSZ EJTBTUFS SJTL GPSNVMB %JTBTUFS 3JTL 3FEVDUJPO BOE 8"4) BOE 8"4) QFSTQFDUJWF UBLFO BQQSPBDI EFยนOJUJPO FYBNQMF PG BDUJWJUJFT GPDVT JO EJGGFSFOU QIBTFT JO EFWFMPQNFOU JO FNFSHFODJFT JO SFDPWFSZ NBJOTUSFBNJOH PG %JTDJQMFTIJQ $FOUSF EJTTJQBUPS EP OP IBSN QSJODJQMF ESBJOBHF QPTTJCMF NFBTVSFT UP QSFWFOU OFHBUJWF FGGFDUT PO TPDJFUZ QPUFOUJBM OFHBUJWF FGGFDUT PO TPDJFUZ ESPVHIU DBVTFT BOE SJTL GBDUPST HFOFSJD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT HFOFSJD QSFQBSFEOFTT NFBTVSFT TQFDJยนD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT %33 4FF %JTBTUFS 3JTL 3FEVDUJPO &BSMZ 8BSOJOH 4ZTUFN FBSUIRVBLF BT DBVTF PG MBOETMJEF BT DBVTF PG UTVOBNJ DBVTFT BOE SJTL GBDUPST HFOFSJD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT HFOFSJD QSFQBSFEOFTT NFBTVSFT

DRR AND WASH 87

GLOBAL WASH CLUSTER

TQFDJยนD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT FNFSHFODZ BTTFTTNFOU FYBNQMF BDUJWJUJFT FYBNQMF MPHSBNF 1SFQBSFEOFTT 1MBO &11 FNFSHFODZ NBOBHFNFOU DZDMF %33 BDUJWJUJFT JO EJGGFSFOU QIBTFT %33 JO UIF &NFSHFODZ 1SFQBSFEOFTT 1MBO FNFSHFODZ SFTQPOTF FOWJSPONFOUBM EFHSBEBUJPO FQJEFNJD DBVTFT BOE SJTL GBDUPST HFOFSJD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT HFOFSJD QSFQBSFEOFTT NFBTVSFT TQFDJยนD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT &11 4FF &NFSHFODZ 1SFQBSFEOFTT 1MBO FSPTJPO BT DBVTF PG MBOETMJEF &WBOHFMJDBM 'FMMPXTIJQ PG *OEJB $PNNJTTJPO 0O 3FMJFG &84 4FF &BSMZ 8BSOJOH 4ZTUFN FYDBWBUJPO BT DBVTF PG MBOETMJEF FYDSFUB EJTQPTBM QPTTJCMF NFBTVSFT UP QSFWFOU OFHBUJWF FGGFDUT PO TPDJFUZ QPUFOUJBM OFHBUJWF FGGFDUT PO TPDJFUZ FYDSFUB SFMBUFE JOGFDUJPOT FYQPTVSF JO EJTBTUFS SJTL GBSNJOH QSBDUJDFT BT DBVTF PG ยบPPE ยนSF DBVTFT BOE SJTL GBDUPST HFOFSJD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT HFOFSJD QSFQBSFEOFTT NFBTVSFT TQFDJยนD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT ยนSF CSFBLT ยบBTI ยบPPE HFOFSJD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT HFOFSJD QSFQBSFEOFTT NFBTVSFT TQFDJยนD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT ยบPPE DBVTFT BOE SJTL GBDUPST ยบBTI ยบPPE

88 DRR AND WASH

HFOFSBM HFOFSJD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT HFOFSJD QSFQBSFEOFTT NFBTVSFT TQFDJยนD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT HMPCBMJTBUJPO HSPVOEXBUFS FYUSBDUJPO BT DBVTF PG TVCTJEFODF SFDIBSHF IBOEQVNQ SBJTFE GPS ยบPPE QSPOF BSFBT IB[BSE EFยนOJUJPO IB[BSE NBQ FYBNQMF IB[BSET OBUVSBM DMBTTJยนDBUJPO )'" 4FF )ZPHP 'SBNFXPSL GPS "DUJPO IJHI UFNQFSBUVSFT BT DBVTF GPS ยนSF IJTUPSJDBM QSPยนMF IZHJFOF QSBDUJDF QPTTJCMF NFBTVSFT UP QSFWFOU OFHBUJWF FGGFDUT PO TPDJFUZ QPUFOUJBM OFHBUJWF FGGFDUT PO TPDJFUZ )ZPHP 'SBNFXPSL GPS "DUJPO JOGFDUJPOT FYDSFUB SFMBUFE MPVTF CPSOF NPTRVJUP CPSOF TDIJTUPTPNJBTJT XBUFS CPSOF XBUFS XBTIFE [PPOPTJT JOTFDU JOGFTUBUJPO JOTUJUVUJPOBM BOE TPDJBM OFUXPSL BOBMZTJT *OUFSHPWFSONFOUBM 1BOFM PO $MJNBUF $IBOHF *OUFSOBUJPOBM 3FTDVF $PNNJUUFF JOUFSWJFXT TFNJ TUSVDUVSFE *1$$ 4FF *OUFSHPWFSONFOUBM 1BOFM PO $MJNBUF $IBOHF MBOETMJEF DBVTFT BOE SJTL GBDUPST HFOFSJD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT HFOFSJD QSFQBSFEOFTT NFBTVSFT TQFDJยนD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT MFBDIBUF MFBLBHF

MJRVFGBDUJPO MJWFMJIPPE MPHSBNF FYBNQMFT MPPQFE OFUXPSL MPVTF CPSOF JOGFDUJPOT NBJOTUSFBNJOH PG %JTBTUFS 3JTL 3FEVDUJPO NBQQJOH NBTT NPWFNFOU BT DBVTF PG UTVOBNJ DBVTFT BOE SJTL GBDUPST HFOFSJD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT HFOFSJD QSFQBSFEOFTT NFBTVSFT TQFDJยนD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT NFUFPSJUF JNQBDU BT DBVTF PG UTVOBNJ NJOJOH BT DBVTF PG MBOETMJEF NJUJHBUJPO BT VTFE CZ $MJNBUF $IBOHF TQFDJBMJTUT EFยนOJUJPO FYQMBJOFE JO EFWFMPQNFOU JO FNFSHFODZ SFTQPOTF JO SFDPWFSZ SJTL BDDFQUBODF SJTL BWPJEBODF SJTL DPOTFRVFODF SFEVDUJPO SJTL MJLFMJIPPE SFEVDUJPO SJTL USBOTGFS NPTRVJUP "FEFT "OPQIFMFT CSFFEJOH $VMFY NPTRVJUP CPSOF JOGFDUJPOT NVEยบPX /BSHJT OBUVSBM HBT FYUSBDUJPO BT DBVTF PG TVCTJEFODF OBUVSBM IB[BSET DMBTTJยนDBUJPO PSHBOJTBUJPOBM BTTFTTNFOUT 0YGBN (SFBU #SJUBJO 0YGBN *OEJB QBUIPHFO JOUSPEVDUJPO PG BT DBVTF PG FQJEFNJD

QJQF BODIPST QPQVMBUJPO EJTQMBDFNFOU BT DBVTF PG FQJEFNJD QPQVMBUJPO HSPXUI QSFQBSFEOFTT EFยนOJUJPO FYQMBJOFE JO EFWFMPQNFOU JO FNFSHFODZ SFTQPOTF JO SFDPWFSZ QSFQPTJUJPOJOH PG NBUFSJBMT 1SFTTVSF "OE 3FMFBTF NPEFM QSFWFOUJPO EFยนOJUJPO FYQMBJOFE QSJWBUF TFDUPS QSPHSFTTJPO PG TBGFUZ JO 1"3 NPEFM QSPHSFTTJPO PG WVMOFSBCJMJUZ JO 1"3 NPEFM RVBSSZJOH BT DBVTF PG MBOETMJEF SBJOGBMM BT DBVTF PG MBOETMJEF SBJOT BT DBVTF PG ยบPPE SBOLJOH SBU EFTUSVDUJPO SFDIBSHF QJUT SFDPWFSZ SFEVOEBODZ SFGFSFODF BOE GVSUIFS SFBEJOH BEEJUJPOBM SFTPVSDFT %33 HVJEFMJOFT BOE UPPMT %33 JOUFHSBUJPO JO 8"4) HFOFSBM CBDLHSPVOE %33 %33 NBJOTUSFBNJOH HFOFSBM CBDLHSPVOE 8"4) HFOFSBM JOGPSNBUJPO SFMBUFE UP EJTBTUFST 8BUFS 4BGFUZ 1MBOT SFMJFG 4FF FNFSHFODZ SFTFSWPJST DPODSFUF TUFFM SFTJMJFODF EFยนOJUJPO

DRR AND WASH 89

GLOBAL WASH CLUSTER

SJTL BDDFQUBODF BWPJEBODF DPOTFRVFODF SFEVDUJPO MJLFMJIPPE SFEVDUJPO USBOTGFS SPDLGBMM SVOPGG TBMJOF BRVJGFS TBMUXBUFS JOUSVTJPO TBOJUBSZ TFBM TBOJUBUJPO 4FF FYDSFUB EJTQPTBM PGG TJUF PO TJUF TDIJTUPTPNJBTJT TFBTPOBM DBMFOEBS TFDPOEBSZ EBUB TUVEZ PG TFJTNJD JTPMBUJPO CFBSJOHT TFNJ TUSVDUVSFE JOUFSWJFXT 4FSWJDF 1FSGPSNBODF 'SBNFXPSL TJMUBUJPO TNBMM CPSF TFXBHF TZTUFN TOPXNFMU BT DBVTF PG ยบPPE TPJMT TBUVSBUFE VODPOTPMJEBUFE TISJOL TXFMM VODPOTPMJEBUFE TPMJE XBTUF TPMJE XBTUF NBOBHFNFOU BT DBVTF PG ยบPPE QPTTJCMF NFBTVSFT UP QSFWFOU OFHBUJWF FGGFDUT PO TPDJFUZ QPUFOUJBM OFHBUJWF FGGFDUT PO TPDJFUZ TQSJOH CPY TUPSN DBVTFT BOE SJTL GBDUPST HFOFSJD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT HFOFSJD QSFQBSFEOFTT NFBTVSFT TQFDJยนD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT TUPSN TVSHF DBVTFT BOE SJTL GBDUPST HFOFSJD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT HFOFSJD QSFQBSFEOFTT NFBTVSFT TQFDJยนD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT TUPSNXBUFS ESBJOBHF

90 DRR AND WASH

BT DBVTF PG ยบPPE TUVEZ PG TFDPOEBSZ EBUB TVCTJEFODF DBVTFT BOE SJTL GBDUPST HFOFSJD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT HFOFSJD QSFQBSFEOFTT NFBTVSFT TQFDJยนD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT TVC TVSGBDF EBNT 5FBSGVOE UFDIOJDBM BTTFTTNFOUT UFDUPOJD BDUJWJUZ BT DBVTF PG FBSUIRVBLF UFDUPOJD QSPDFTTFT BT DBVTF PG WPMDBOJD FSVQUJPO UFNQFSBUVSF FYUSFNF IJHI FYUSFNF IJHI DBVTFT BOE SJTL GBDUPST FYUSFNF IJHI HFOFSJD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT FYUSFNF IJHI HFOFSJD QSFQBSFEOFTT NFBTVSFT FYUSFNF IJHI TQFDJยนD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT FYUSFNF MPX FYUSFNF MPX DBVTFT BOE SJTL GBDUPST FYUSFNF MPX HFOFSJD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT FYUSFNF MPX HFOFSJD QSFQBSFEOFTT NFBTVSFT FYUSFNF MPX TQFDJยนD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT UFSSBDJOH UIBXJOH BT DBVTF PG MBOETMJEF UIVOEFS BT DBVTF GPS ยนSF UPPM FYBNQMFT UPQPHSBQIZ BT DBVTF GPS ยนSF BT DBVTF PG ยบPPE BT DBVTF PG MBOETMJEF UPYJD XBTUF USBEJUJPOBM QPXFS TUSVDUVSFT USBOTFDU XBML USPQJDBM DZDMPOF UTVOBNJ

DBVTFT BOE SJTL GBDUPST HFOFSJD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT HFOFSJD QSFQBSFEOFTT NFBTVSFT TQFDJยนD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT VSCBOJTBUJPO BT DBVTF PG ยบPPE WFDUPS DPOUSPM QPTTJCMF NFBTVSFT UP QSFWFOU OFHBUJWF FGGFDUT PO TPDJFUZ QPUFOUJBM OFHBUJWF FGGFDUT PO TPDJFUZ WFDUPST BT DBVTF PG FQJEFNJD 7FOO EJBHSBN WPMDBOJD FSVQUJPO BT DBVTF PG FBSUIRVBLF BT DBVTF PG NBTT NPWFNFOU BT DBVTF PG UTVOBNJ DBVTFT BOE SJTL GBDUPST HFOFSJD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT HFOFSJD QSFQBSFEOFTT NFBTVSFT TQFDJยนD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT WVMOFSBCJMJUZ EFยนOJUJPO 8"4) BOE %JTBTUFS 3JTL 3FEVDUJPO DPNQPOFOUT PG 8"4) 4FSWJDF 1FSGPSNBODF 'SBNFXPSL XBUFS NBOBHFNFOU BT DBVTF PG ยบPPE XBUFS QBO 8BUFS 4BGFUZ 1MBO

BJN PG XBUFS TDBSDJUZ XBUFS TVQQMZ QPTTJCMF NFBTVSFT UP QSFWFOU OFHBUJWF FGGFDUT PO TPDJFUZ QPUFOUJBM OFHBUJWF FGGFDUT PO TPDJFUZ XBUFS VTF FGยนDJFODZ XBUFS CPSOF JOGFDUJPOT XBUFSJOH QBO XBUFS XBTIFE JOGFDUJPOT XFBUIFS DPOEJUJPOT BT DBVTF GPS ยนSF XFBUIFS QSPDFTTFT BT DBVTF PG ESPVHIU BT DBVTF PG FYUSFNF UFNQFSBUVSFT BT DBVTF PG TUPSN XFBUIFSJOH PG TPJM BT DBVTF PG MBOETMJEF XJME ยนSF DBVTFT BOE SJTL GBDUPST HFOFSJD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT HFOFSJD QSFQBSFEOFTT NFBTVSFT TQFDJยนD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT XJOE TUPSN DBVTFT BOE SJTL GBDUPST HFOFSJD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT HFOFSJD QSFQBSFEOFTT NFBTVSFT TQFDJยนD NJUJHBUJPO NFBTVSFT 841 4FF 8BUFS 4BGFUZ 1MBOT [PPOPTJT

DRR AND WASH 91