II EUROPEAN VI ABEP-UK CONFERENCE CONFERENCE OF BRAZILIAN POSTGRADUATE STUDENTS AND RESEARCHERS
Academia meets Society
Challenges of collaboration between University, Industry and Community
28.09.2013 28th September 2013 ROYAL SOCIETY
Royal Society London
conference booklet 1
Association of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom www.abep.org.uk
VI Congresso da ABEP-UK VI ABEP-UK CONFERENCE II Congresso Europeu de Pos-Graduandos e Pesquisadores Brasileiros II EUROPEAN CONFERENCE OF BRAZILIAN POSTGRADUATE STUDENTS AND RESEARCHERS 2013 ABEP-UK Presidente Gledson Emidio Vice-Presidente Edmar da Rocha Diretora Executiva Maira Fresqui Diretor Financeiro Demetrius Sampaio Diretor de Projetos I Ana Schogor Diretor de Projetos II Gabriela Gadelha Diretor de Projetos III Rodolpho Prado graphic design / website Gledson Emidio photography Cesar Fresqui catering Rapha’s Buffet printing printing.com Glasgow Volunteers Fabiane Cabral Hermes Gadelha conference website http://abep-uk.wix.com/conference2013 Conference Committee
Gledson Emidio
Edmar da Rocha
Maira Fresqui
Gabriela Gadelha
Ana Schogor
Rodolpho Prado
2
Index
Conference programme 04 Oral presentations 07 Poster presentations 11 Abstracts 16
Innovation & Education Design
21
Biological Sciences Exact Sciences Economics
23
28
32
Mega Sporting-Events Phi’s and Psi’s
42
Literature & Cinema Media
39
48
53
Forest Policies & Indigenous Education
55
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Programme
9.00 - 9.30 Registration
Pick up your badge & conference bag
9.30 - 10.30 WELCOME AND INTRODUCTION
Gledson Emidio
ABEP-UK Chairman
OPENING ADDRESS
H.E. Roberto Jaguaribe
Brazilian Ambassador to the United Kingdom KEYNOTE
Professor Carlos Henrique de Brito Scientific Director - FAPESP
Opportunities for young researchers in Sao Paulo, Brazil
Dr Dominic Emery
Vice President Long-Term Planning - BP BP in Brazil
association guest APEB France
Guilherme Soares dos Santos
APEB-France Vice-president The role of APEB in the integration of the Brazilian Scientific Community in France
10.30 - 10.50 Marble Hall
coffee break and poster session
Time to grab some coffee & biscuits, network and check out the poster presentations 4
10.50 - 13.30
offered by:
ORAL PRESENTATIONS
Kohn Centre
Library Room
Session 1
Science without borders
Session 1
Innovation
Session 2
Literature & Cinema
Session 2
Forests & indigenous education
Session 3
Philosophy & Media
Session 3
Economics & Security
Session 4
Biological Sciences
Session 4
Exact Sciences
13.30 - 14.40 Lunch at the Brazilian Embassy
14.40 - 16.20 PANEL Knowledge Exchange:
Challenges of collaboration between Industry, Academia and Community
Moderator
Dr Juliana Bertazzo Brazilian Embassy
Professor Anthony Pereira Director at King’s Brazil Institute King’s College London
Dr Wen Hwa Lee Strategic Alliances Manager Structural Genomics Consortium University of Oxford
Dr Andre Chieffi Open Innovation manager Procter & Gamble
Vanessa Gabriel-Robinson Director of Instituto BR Project manager of British Council 5
16.20 - 16.40 Marble Hall
coffee break and poster session check out the poster presentations
16.40 - 17.50 SESSION Science Communication
Catherine de Lange Editor - NatureJobs
Working with the media – why and how should scientists work with journalists?
Dr Eva Ansem
Outreach Editor - F1000 Research Sharing data, reducing bias and enhancing research papers
Dr Christine Buske
Papers - Springer Science+Business Media Collaborative workflows & science communication
17.50 - 18.00 Closing remarks Dr Edmar da Rocha
ABEP-UK Vice-Chairman
18.00 - 19.00 Cocktail at the Brazilian Embassy ABEP-UK Awards: Best presentations Dr Maira Fresqui
ABEP-UK Executive Director 6
ORAL PRESENTATIONS
- Kohn Centre
SESSION 1 - Science without Borders 10.50 - 10.55
Introduction
10.55 - 11.10
Martha Canfield
Tania Lima UK HE International Unit University of Roehampton
Student Experience in the UK: challenges for Brazilian Undergraduate Students from the Science Without Borders Programme in the Undergraduate Degree Courses
SESSION 2 - Literature & Cinema 11.10 - 11.15
11.15 - 11.20
Moderator
Cimara Valim de Melo, King’s Brazil Institute Fábio de Oliveira
Universidade de São Paulo / Université Paris 8
ENTRE LINHAS E ÁRVORES: Um estudo comparado entre Julio Cortázar e Piet Mondrian 11.20 - 11.35
Marina Melo Université Sorbonne Nouvelle Paris 3
. Escrita criminal em Rubem Fonseca e Hubert Aquino 11.35 - 11.40
Antônio Barcellos
Universidade de Salamanca
A conexão entre o Mercosul e Castilla através da obra Martin Fierro e de Miguel de Unamuno 11.40 - 11.55
Hans Michael Anselmo Hess University of Bristol
. The Use of Samba in Tropa de Malandros and Otários: Elite and Tropa de Elite: O Inimigo Agora É Outro
12.00 - 12.10
short break 7
ORAL PRESENTATIONS
- Library room
SESSION 1 - Innovation 10.50 - 10.55
Introduction
10.55 - 11.10
Elisa Thomas
Iris Griffiths Across Research University of Southampton
The Role of Intermediaries in Collaborative Innovation Projects
SESSION 2 - Forest Policies & indigenous education 11.10 - 11.15
Moderator
11.15 - 11.20
Rafael Chiaravalloti
Grace Iara King’s Brazil Institute
University College London
Protected Areas and Local Communities in the . Pantanal: seeking for a balance Western Border of the
11.20 - 11.35
Maria Pinel
Universidade de Zaragoza, Espanha Professora Adjunta da Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF)
Amazônia Brasileira e o entorno: Somos órfãos do Poder Público?
11.35 - 11.40
Grace Iara Souza
King’s Brazil Institute, King’s College London
Caring for Global Commons: Geographies of Care and the Brazilian Amazon 11.40 - 11.45
Flavia Donatelli
London School of Economics and Political Science
Culture and Coalitions in Brazilian Forest Policies: The Role of Arguments
11.40 - 12.00
Q&A
12.00 - 12.10
short break 8
ORAL PRESENTATIONS
- Kohn centre
SESSION 3 - Philosophy & Media 12.10 - 12.15
12.15 - 12.30
Moderator
Guilherme dos Santos Université Paris 8 Vincennes Daniela Sardá Université Paris Descartes
A análise do discurso contrastiva perante as demandas da sociedade: uma reflexão sobre o ensino da filosofia na França e no Brasil 12.30 - 12.35
Leonardo Meirelles Ribeiro
UFMG / Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris
A ambiguidade do rastro como condição para o encontro entre o Eu e Outrem, em Emmanuel Levinas 12.35 - 12.40
Guilherme Soares dos Santos Université Paris 8 Vincennes – Saint-Denis
Para uma abordagem noológica da filosofia na esteira de Gilles Deleuze 12.40 - 12.55
Thiago Melo Faculdade de Letras da Universidade de Coimbra
Webjornalismo cidadão e ética jornalística: o internauta e a produção de informação na Internet
SESSION 4 - Biological Sciences 12.55 - 13.00
13.00 - 13.15
Moderator
Paromita Majumder Imperial College Valdir Ermida The University of Manchester
. Scanning for Neglected Diseases Foresight and Horizon 13.15 - 13.30
José Vitor Lima-Filho
Pernambuco Federal Rural University / University of Cambridge
Brazilian folk medicine: from ethnobotanical knowledge to vaccine development 9
ORAL PRESENTATIONS
- Library room
SESSION 3 - Economics & Security 12.10 - 12.15
Moderator
12.15 - 12.20
Mariana Alves
Maria de Fatima Pinel UFF / Universidade de Zaragoza Queen´s University of Belfast
Brazil: brief analysis .of the country´s participation in the WTO and its trade policy development from 1990s to actuality 12.20 - 12.35
Selma Dios
Universidade de Zaragoza, Espanha /Universidade Federal Fluminense
Implicação das Empresas multinacionais na Desigualdade global e a contabilidade crítica no Reino Unido 12.35 - 12.40
Luiza Peruffo University of Cambridge
. Brazilian Economic Policy-Making under the Constraints Imposed by the International Monetary System (1999-2014) 12.40 - 12.55
Zelia Schervier
Universidade de Brasilia
O Brasil e os Estudos Críticos de Segurança: novas teorias para velhas realidades
SESSION 4 - Exact Sciences 12.55- 13.00
Moderator
13.00 - 13.15
Tiago Pereira
Hermes Gadêlha University of Oxford Imperial College London
Collective Dynamics. in Complex Networks 13.15 - 13.30
Mathias Ruffino Oxford University
Refermionization of the two-channel electronic MachZehnder interferometer 10
POSTER PRESENTATIONS
Marble Hall
11
Amazonia Anete Costa Ferreira Fórum Landi – Universidade Federal do Pará
Conhecer a Amazônia na Europa
Education Marcos Alexandre de Melo Barros
Federal Rural University of Pernambuco / Wolverhampton University
Mobile learning in science education: the Capivara project experience
Marcos Alexandre de Melo Barros Federal Rural University of Pernambuco / Wolverhampton University
Understanding the uses and strategies of mobile learning in undergraduate science education students
Design Bruna Petreca
School of Engineering and Design, Brunel University
The sensory experience of textiles: investigating links between perceptions of designers and consumers
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POSTER PRESENTATIONS
- Marble Hall
Phis and Psis Leonardo Meirelles Ribeiro
UFMG / Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris
A ambiguidade do rastro como condição para o encontro entre o Eu e Outrem, em Emmanuel Levinas
Guilherme Soares dos Santos Université Paris 8 Vincennes – Saint-Denis
Para uma abordagem noológica da filosofia na esteira de Gilles Deleuze
Vitor Hugo Lima Barreto University College London
. relações objetais: Hipersexualidade nas um estudo de caso
Literature Cimara Valim de Melo King’s Brazil Institute
Images of the contemporary Brazil through the literature: focusing on the novel
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POSTER PRESENTATIONS
- Marble Hall
Biological Sciences Demócrito de Barros Miranda-Filho Faculdade de Medicina da UPE London School of Hygiene and Tropical
Metabolic status associated with overweight/obesity patterns in people living with HIV/AIDS A cohort study following-up 1831 patients from Pernambuco, Brazil
Demócrito de Barros Miranda-Filho Faculdade de Medicina da UPE London School of Hygiene and Tropical
Predictive factors associated with overweight/obesity – A cohort study comparing different patterns of BMI presentation during a follow-up of 1831 patients from Pernambuco, Brazil
Exact Sciences Eder Coutinho PPGCTIA
Technological Development in Fertirrigation from Composting of Organic Waste for Crop Corn (Zéa mays L.)
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POSTER PRESENTATIONS
- Marble Hall
Economics Jorge Louzada Marques School of Business and Management Queen Mary, University of London
Strategy-making and business models in the automotive and appliances value-chains 2007-2012
Maria de Fátima de Lima Pinel Universidade de Zaragoza / Universidade Federal Fluminense
O Processo de Auditoria Social pode ser considerado Sustentável Social e ambientalmente na atualidade?
Ivanete Modesto do Amaral Universidade Federal do Pará -UFPA
Juventude e Trabalho no Brasil Contemporaneo
Mega Sporting Events Luciana Maria Masiero Universidade de Salamanca
Planejamento do Atendimento a saude em Porto Alegre para a copa do mundo de futebol de 2014
Leonardo Mataruna
Centre for Peace and Reconciliation Studies, Coventry University
TRANSFERÊNCIA DE LEGADOS DE LONDRES 2012 a RIO 2016: Necessidades de ampliação do diálogo entre Academia, Indústria e Comunidade 15
Innovation & Education
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The Role of Intermediaries in Collaborative Innovation Projects
Elisa Thomas1, Alsones Balestrin2 and Jeremy Howells3
1 PhD student – University of Southampton / UK and Lecturer - Unisinos / Brazil 2 Prof. Dr. in Management - Research Director - Unisinos / Brazil 3 Dean - Faculty of Business and Law - University of Southampton / UK thomaselisa@gmail.com This research aims at explaining how intermediaries influence collaborative innovation projects, suggesting a conceptual-theoretical framework about intermediaries’ roles and practices. Many companies have already established partnerships that generate effective results to reach the goal of innovating. However, relating always with the same partners may limit the possibilities of new ideas and knowledge. Some research has demonstrated that network closure established by strong ties between actors is less effective for innovation activities. This negative effect of the networking practice is caused by the redundancy of information as a consequence of the actors’ isolation from the environment external to the network. To help in the search for new and nonredundant sources of knowledge and therefore help in improving the effectiveness of collaborative innovation, the emergence of intermediaries has recently been increasing in the market. This type of organization with the role of brokering relationships is located between the seeker of knowledge and resources needed for innovation on one side, and the source of them on the other side. The intermediary, or broker, does not belong to the network of organizations that perform innovation activities. Such intermediaries may be university liaison departments, research councils, funding agencies or private companies. The intermediary performs many kinds of functions, depending on the profile of relationship or network that it works for. Each innovation project demands different roles from the intermediary for the activities to result in effective innovation. There are several elements that influence the innovation to happening organisations. At the same time, some aspects are known to contribute the collaboration
performance of firms. We analyse key elements of joint R&D projects that can be influenced by intermediaries. We developed seven research propositions about the role of intermediaries in the dynamics of collaborative innovation ranging from the beginning of the project until its end with the definition of intellectual property and commercialization. Recognizing that key elements for innovation are systemic and nonsequential in nature, a conceptual framework derived from the approaches of process of innovation and project management guides the research. This approach considers that R&D cooperation goes beyond dyadic relationships as usually emphasized in the literature (i.e. alliances and joint ventures). We add the influence of the intermediary as the third dimension showing that collaborative R&D projects are actually triads. The research, qualitative in nature, was developed through a case study in the United Kingdom: the StarStream project performed by academics from the University of Southampton, with the intermediation of the Research & Innovation Services (R&IS) department. The analyses show that the intermediaries influenced most of the critical elements of the innovation project, mainly the search for possible partners and the management of the relationship. Keywords – brokers, intermediary, innovation, R&D, collaboration, project.
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Student Experience in the UK: challenges for Brazilian Undergraduate Students from the Science Without Borders Programme in the Undergraduate Degree Courses Martha Canfield1, Diana Kraiser Miranda2, Flavia Mendes Ferraz de Almeida3, Lara Dutra Bachega4, Leticia Isaac5 PhD Student, 2 Undergraduate Students from Science Without Borders Programme University of Roehampton Department of Psychology 1
martha.canfield@roehampton.ac.uk Abstract: From September last year, 2012 to 2015, the UK is welcoming up to ten thousand outstanding Brazilian students via the Science without Borders Programme (SwB) to join undergraduate and graduate courses at the top British Higher Education Institutions. The SwB is so far the first large scale international student programme developed by the Brazilian government and the first large scale student mobility programme to operate in the UK (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, 2012) Interest in establishing partnerships between Brazil and the UK via academia and research has been on the agenda of both countries for decades. The presence of Brazilian post-graduate students and researchers has always existed in the top British universities. It was however, very unusual to see Brazilian students in British undergraduate degree courses. With a large number of scholarships being allocated by the SwB programme to undergraduate students studying in undergraduate courses abroad, the Brazilian government identified in the undergraduate students, new possibilities of expanding the internationalization of Brazilian science and technology. The role of undergraduate students became therefore, pivotal in this process and although some undergraduate students have already completed the programme – and many others are expected to participate - it still remains to be seen if the experience gained from living in the UK and studying in British universities meets the expectations of the programme.
The purpose work focuses on a student demand for greater transparency with regards to how the British Universities operate in the undergraduate degree level. We recognise that getting information right can open doors to attainment for students who have felt lost during the process of adapting to the universities here. Transparency around the dynamics of undergraduate courses and engagement are key to high attainment. Using a participative methodology, four undergraduate students from the SwB programme at the University of Roehampton have worked collaboratively to compile information that might enhance the understanding of factors contributing to success and others which constitute barriers to the progress of Brazilian students in the undergraduate courses in the UK. We understand that it is not only important to raise awareness of these factors to the administrators of the SwB and to the international offices of British universities, but we believe that it is also important to provide suggestions of how these factors can be addressed in practice. With this in mind, we plan to present at the ABEP-UK Annual Conference findings and suggestions of how the experience of Brazilian students that participate in undergraduate degree courses in the UK can be maximized and meet the programme’s full potential. An ethnographic approach was used at this work followed by an analysis of the data using thematic analysis. Keywords: academia, internationalization, study abroad, science, technology, undergraduate
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Understanding the uses and strategies of mobile learning in Undergraduate Science education students Marcos Alexandre de Melo Barros1, Marcelo Brito Carneiro Le達o2 and John Traxler3 Doctorate student at Federal Rural University of Pernambuco and international visitor at Wolverhampton University 2 Professor at Federal Rural University of Pernambuco 3 Professor at Wolverhampton University 1
m.barros@wlv.ac.uk
Abstract: The present research has the general purpose of Investigating the uses and strategies of undergraduate teacher trainees in Science in relation to mobile learning and the specific objectives consist of the following to identify and understand the uses of mobile devices, in general, and mobile phones, specifically, in Science Education students; to analyse the teaching strategies developed by science education students post training and to compare the understanding and use of mobile phones and their associated teaching strategies with science education students. The research purpose and questions are what is being incorporated into mobile devices, in general, and mobile phones, specifically, in science education? Which pedagogical and technological elements related to science education are being developed in mobile phones? What future potential applications of mobile technology can be identified ? The theoretical framework explores six principal modes of research: Mobile Learning Age (Sharples,Taylor and Vavoula, 2006), Conversational Framework (Laurillard, 2007), Socio-cultural Ecology of Mobile Learning (Pachler, Cook and Bachmair, 2010), Frame Model (Koole, 2010), Pedagogical Framework for M-learning (Park, 2011) and Activity Theory (Engestrom, 2010). This research utilizes different methods with a qualitative and quantitative approach. This research was developed with
undergraduate students in Science Education (Teacher Trainees in Science) from the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco. Two different classes of trainee teachers participated in the research, with 30 students in each class, that were at that time undertaking teaching practice in different schools in Pernambuco. Before the training started, the undergraduates carried out a survey with the following questions. After completion of the survey, when the students had been training, they produced a didactic strategy. This research attempts to understand how contemporary undergraduate students can utilize mobile phones in their future classes. Presently, students are using many functions of the mobile phone in their daily lives. However, the principal question is, how these users will plan their classes with the mobile phone. With the continuing research, we hope to comprehend the use of the mobile phone for future teacher training in Science Education. keywords: Mobile Learning, Science Education, Didactic Strategies
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Mobile learning in science education: The Capivara Project Experience Marcos Alexandre de Melo Barros1, Marcelo Brito Carneiro Le達o2 and John Traxler3 Doctorate student at Federal Rural University of Pernambuco and international visitor at Wolverhampton University 2 Professor at Federal Rural University of Pernambuco 3 Professor at Wolverhampton University 1
m.barros@wlv.ac.uk
Abstract: Mobile Learning is an increasing possibility for learning processes such as anytime and anywhere strategies and for formal and informal education. In contemporary education, students appear as protagonists of process, with focus on the native or resident digital. Research with the use of mobile devices present a history of more than fifteen years in countries such as England, Canada and Australia. Since the arrival of the PDAs in schools, followed by notebooks, MP3 players and finally smartphones, mobile learning became the subject of study for many researchers in these countries. In Brazil, computation and administration researchers, followed by researchers in education, developed the first projects. The present research has the general purpose to present the insertion of mobile learning strategies with undergraduate students of the Biological Science course that participate in the Capivara Projetc. The Framework for the Rational Analysis of Mobile Education (FRAME) developed by Marguerite Koole was utilized to understand the process of construction. The Frame explores the device, learner and social aspects as an axis of the theory. The intersection of the three aspects produces three other attributes: device usability, learner aspect and social technology. This research was developed with 15 undergraduate students from the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco that participated in the Capivara Project. The students from the project had been undertaking training about Mobile Learning. The training presented the context, the experience and the methodology for the implementation of the mobile devices to the Science Education class. The available technologies and opportunities that mobility
brings for the construction of a new model of education includes: ubiquity, group working and pervasiveness. The objectives of training were: to discuss the relationship with technologies in teacher training, to know and evaluate the applications of mobile learning in the learnknowledge process, create planning for the utilization of mobile learning, from the formulation of their objectives, the choice of contents and methods and techniques for achieving the objectives through to the elaboration of instruments of evaluation and level of satisfaction for the students and to create conditions so teachers can develop learning objects from mobile learning. After the training, they produced a didactic strategy with the plan: information about the class where strategy will be used, how the mobile phone is used both inside and outside the classroom, social profile of students in relation to the use of mobile phones for development activity, description of the features of the phone that will be used to perform the activity, rules of activity, description of the implementation and methodology of the activity, description on how you will provide the activity process evaluation. Finally, mobility and its incorporation in culture and society bring new perspectives and challenges for education. The rapid growth of applications and the use of mobile devices such as tablets and smartphones, present a lot of possibilities for the sharing and production of content in a format that explores new forms of learning. This research can contribute with both initial and continual progression of teachers in Science Education. keywords: Mobile Learning, Science Education, Capivara Project
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Design
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The sensory experience of textiles: investigating links between perceptions of designers and consumers Bruna Petreca1, Sharon Baurley2, Marco Ajovalasit2, Penelope Watkins2, Nadia Bianchi-Berthouze3 1School of Engineering and Design, Brunel University, London, UK 2 Dr, School of Engineering and Design, Brunel University, London, UK 3 Dr, UCLIC, University College London, London, UK bruna.petreca@brunel.ac.uk Abstract: This research is responding to identified research gap and insight from industry, which shows that in the textile and fashion arenas most designers’ decisions when selecting materials are based on their tacit knowledge and intuition. This is not reflected by the position taken in textile engineering based research, which is oriented to technical specifications and quality assurance, and overlooks the semantics related or intangible information that designers and consumers greatly rely on. Therefore, this source of information has been of little or no use for designers, who still base their selections on processes that are heavily constructed on their sensibilities and experience acquired through training and practice. In this project people’s experiences are central to investigat-
ing meaningful parameters when selecting textiles. The investigation encompasses physical, sensory and aesthetic properties of fabrics to achieve a greater understanding of their tangible and intangible qualities. The later will be explored through a range of methods from a design perspective, in order to access people’s perceptions and gather information that can be more easily applicable to the design process. It is expected that the outcomes of this project will facilitate the communication of sensory perceptions elicited through tactile interaction with textiles, and ultimately enable designers and consumers to make more informed choices. keywords: Design, materials selection, textiles, perception
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Biological Sciences
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Foresight and Horizon Scanning for Neglected Diseases Valdir Sergio Ermida1, Ian Miles1 and Carlos Morel2
Manchester Business School – The University of Manchester
1
Fiocruz - Oswaldo Cruz Foundation
2
valdir.ermida@postgrad.mbs.ac.uk Background: Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz) is a Brazilian institution that is distinguished in the scientific world for its work in the health field, especially the so-called “neglected diseases” (ND). Characteristic of poverty, these are diseases for which the pharmaceutical industry historically has never shown interest in developing research due to the low financial return. Fiocruz workers, in the Foundation’s last Congress, held in 2010, pointed the need of foresight studies in this field, mainly because of the announced climate change, given that the poorest are the most exposed to changes of that kind. Objectives: The overall aim will be to provide funding, through horizon scanning, to inform decision making for the development of research in the field of neglected diseases. The specific ones are to adapt foresight and horizon scanning tools to support Fiocruz and the international networks of STI for ND; to develop a method to give directionality and synergy in the researches on ND; to generate elements to support the articulation of STI researchers networks to develop solutions for ND; and to develop a future vision to be shared and appropriated by Fiocruz and by the international networks of STI for ND. Literature Pointers: An estimated 93 percent of the world’s burden of preventable mortality, measured as years of potential life lost, occurred in the developing world. Yet, only 5 percent of global investment in health research was devoted specifically to health problems of developing countries: this is the “gap 90/10” (CHRD, 1990). In the other hand, WHO (2009) has pointed that global climate change is creating conditions for diseases to thrive and for vectors to re-emerge in regions where they were previously thought to have been eliminated (e.g. dengue fever).
Problem Statement: Currently one billion people suffer from some kind of neglected disease and children are the most vulnerable group. Since these are diseases expected to thrive and even to re-emerge as global warming sets down – meanwhile others, like chagas disease, have been spreading into rich countries – it is necessary to set strategies to deal with that, considering that these diseases contribute to inequality and represent a barrier to development of countries. Methods: In the field of ND there is a worldwide range of research networks. This study intends to work with INCT-IDN: the National Institute of Science and Technology for Innovation in Neglected Diseases, from Fiocruz, which is supposed to play a central role the ND network map. Foresight here means a systematic, participatory, prospective and policy-oriented process which, with the support of environmental and horizon scanning approaches, is aimed to actively engage key stakeholders into a wide range of activities anticipating, recommending and transforming technological, economic, environmental, political, social and ethical futures. Horizon Scanning is a structured and continuous activity aimed to monitor, analyse and position frontier issues that are relevant for policy, research and strategic agendas. Expected Results: Neglected diseases networks’ policy makers dealing with long-term uncertainties, sharing a common vision of future and, therefore, developing effective solutions according to their own needs. Keywords: Foresight; Strategic Planning; Neglected Diseases; Climate Change; Networks
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Brazilian folk medicine: from ethnobotanical knowledge to vaccine development José Vitor Lima-Filho, PhD
Associated Professor/ Biology Department - Pernambuco Federal Rural University Post-Doctoral Fellowship - Capes at Cambridge University jvitor@db.ufrpe.br
Calotropis procera (Asclepiadaceae) is a plant widely used in the Brazilian and Indian folk medicine with healing, analgesic, antipyretic, anticancer, toxicological, inflammatory and anti-inflammatory properties. After injured, the plant releases a huge amount of laticifer fluid, which is rich in proteins with proteinasic activity. In particular, we have shown that pretreatment with plant’s cysteine proteinases from Calotropis procera prevented septic shock caused by Salmonella enterica Ser. Typhimurium experimental infections to Swiss mice. S. Typhimurium is a bacterial strain that provokes in laboratory animals a syndrome similar to the human typhoid fever caused by S. Typhi, and therefore this model has been used to develop strategies to combat the human disease. In the present work, we describe the first out of three parts of a project of vaccine development against Typhoid fever planned within a year schedule. The objectives are: 1) production of a non-virulent S. Typhimurium mutant strain, which express vaccinal antigen “Vi” from S. Typhi; 2) evaluation of C. procera cysteine proteinasis on release of proinflammatory cytokines in macrophage
cell lines; 3) effect of C. procera proteinasis on immunological memory against the “Vi” antigen expressed by S. Typhimurium non-virulent strain. To address the first objective, we generated aroC S. Typhimurium mutants by replacement of the gene by a chloramphenicol resistant marker, which was incorporated into chromosomal DNA through homologous recombination using lambda-red technology. Salmonella aro mutants are auxotrophic for certain aromatic compounds such as tryptophan, tyrosine, and phenylalanine becoming attenuated. An overview of these techniques and preliminary results will be presented step-by-step in a simple language to the general audience in view to clarify the challenges on development of new vaccines against bacterial infectious diseases. Keywords: C. procera; vaccinal adjuvant; Salmonella
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Predictive factors associated with overweight/obesity - A cohort study comparing different patterns of BMI presentation during a follou-up of 1831 patients from Pernambuco, Brazil Democrito de Barros Miranda-Filho, Ricardo A de A Ximenes, George Ploubidis, Maria de Fatima P M de Albuquerque, Heloisa R Lacerda, Ulisses R Montarroyos, Francisco Bandeira, Thais Gelenkem, Erico H. de Carvalho, Laura C Rodrigues
Faculdade de Medicina da UPE / London School of Hygiene anf Tropical Medicine demofilho@gmail.com Objectives: Describe overweight/obesity patterns and predictive factors for weight gain in a cohort of patients with HIV/AIDS from two referral health services in Pernambuco State, Brazil. Methods: Patients of the Cohort AIDS-PE Study Group were interviewed and examined four times (median interval of seven months) from April/2007 to July/2012.We grouped the patients in three patterns of body mass indexBMI (WHO/1990) according to their evolution during the follow-up: “always underweighted/ normal”; “started underweighted/normal and became overweight/obese ”; and “always overweight/obese”. To investigate predictive factors for overweight/obesity, variables obtained from the basal evaluation were grouped in two blocks and analysis was carried out in three steps (Figure-1). We used multinomial analysis to compare the three patterns of BMI presented by the patients taking “always underweighted/normal” group as reference. For the multivariate model, the variables selected were inserted into the model using forward selection, according to the significance found in univariate analysis (Figure-1). We used chisquare test, with 95% confidence interval to measure the association between predictive
factors and the patterns of BMI (Odds Ratio). Results: The study population is shown in Figure-2. From 2377 patients who did the basal evaluation for the cohort, 1831 were selected to this study. Female sex can be an independent predictive factor to change from the underweighted/normal category to the overweight/obese whereas current CD4 count>200 or ART≥5 years are inversely associated with this change (Tables-1 and 2). Female sex, age≥40 years, CD4>200, not having a history of AIDS, alcoholism, not smoking, not using drugs (cocaine, crack, glue) and having a steady partner were associated with “always overweight/obese” status. Conclusion: We described three patterns of BMI presented by patients in a large cohort of patients and identified predictive factors for overweight/obesity comparing both groups: “always overweight/obese” and “became overweight/obese” with “always underweighted/normal” at the same analysis.
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Metabolic status associated with overweight/obesity patterns in people living with HIV/AIDS - A cohort study following-up 1831 patients from Pernambuco, Brazil
Democrito de Barros Miranda-Filho, Ricardo A de A Ximenes, George Ploubidis, Maria de Fatima P M de Albuquerque, Heloisa R Lacerda, Ulisses R Montarroyos, Francisco Bandeira, Thais Gelenkem, Erico H. de Carvalho, Laura C Rodrigues
Faculdade de Medicina da UPE / London School of Hygiene anf Tropical Medicine demofilho@gmail.com
Objectives: Verify the association between metabolic status and overweight/ obesity patterns in a cohort of people living with HIV/AIDS-PLHA from two referral health services in Pernambuco State, Brazil. Methods: Patients of the Cohort AIDS-PE Study Group were interviewed and examined four times (median interval of seven months) from April/2007 to July/2012.We grouped the patients in three patterns of body mass indexBMI (WHO/1990) according to their evolution during the follow-up: “always underweight/ normal”; “started underweight/normal and became overweight/obese”; and “always overweight/obese”. Variables obtained from the basal evaluation were used to verify the association between overweight/obesity and metabolic status including metabolic syndrome-MS. The analysis was carried out in two steps. We used multinomial analysis to compare these three patterns taking “always underweighted/ normal” group as reference. For the multivariate model, the variables selected were inserted into the model using forward selection, according to the significance found in univariate analysis. We also separately verified the association between patterns of BMI and each MS component (Figure-1). We used chi-square test, with 95% confidence interval, to measure the associations.
Results: The study population is shown in Figure-2. From 2377 patients who did the basal evaluation for the cohort, 1467 were selected to this study. Table 1 to 4 show the results. Only sex and MS were retained in the final model. The chance to have metabolic syndrome was 5.47 times higher in individuals “always obese”. Females have 2.27 times more chance to be “always obese” and 1.5 times to “start underweight/normal and became overweight/obese”. In other analysis, all MS components were retained in the final model. Conclusion: We described three patterns of BMI presented by patients in a large cohort of patients and verified the association between MS with overweight/obesity in both groups: “always overweight/obese” and “became overweight/obese” at the same analysis. MS is strongly associated with overweight/obesity.
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Exact Sciences
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Refermionization of the two-channel electronic MachZehnder interferometer Mathias J. Rufino, Dmitry L. Kovrizhin and John T. Chalker 1
Theoretical Physics, Oxford University, United Kingdom.
2
Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany
3
Russian Research Centre, Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia.
M.Rufino1@physics.ox.ac.uk We develop the theory of electronic MachZehnder interferometers built from quantum Hall edge states at Landau level filling factor n = 2, which have been investigated in a series of recent experiments[1, 2, 3, 4] and theoretical studies[5, 6, 7, 8, 9]. We show that a detailed treatment of dephasing and non-equlibrium transport is made possible by using bosonization combined with refermionization to study a model in which interactions between electrons are short-range. In particular, this approach allows a non-perturbative treatment of electron tunneling at the quantum point contacts that act as beam-splitters. We find an exact analytic expression at arbitrary tunneling strength for the differential conductance of an interferometer with arms of equal length and compare it to previous perturbative[6] and approximate[8, 9] theoretical results and to experimental observations. This work has been published[10]. Keywords: Electronic transport in mesoscopic physics; strongly correlated electron systems; collec- tive excitations in quantum Hall systems, quantum Hall edge states; condensed matter interferometers; decoherence in open, one-dimensional quantum systems; bosonization and refermionization.
[1] Y. Ji, Y. C. Chung, D. Sprinzak, M. Heiblum, D. Mahalu, and H. Shtrikman, Nature (London) 422, 415 (2003); I. Neder, M. Heiblum, Y. Levinson, D. Mahalu, and V. Umansky, Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 016804 (2006); I. Neder, F. Marquardt, M. Heiblum, D.Mahalu, and V. Umansky, Nature Physics 3, 534 (2007); I. Neder, M. Heiblum, D. Mahalu, and V. Umansky, Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 036803 (2007). [2] L. V. Litvin, H.-P. Tranitz, W. Wegscheider, and C. Strunk, Phys. Rev. B 75, 033315 (2007); L. V. Litvin, A. Helzel, H.-P. Tranitz, W. Wegscheider, and C. Strunk, Phys. Rev. B 78, 075303 (2008); Phys. Rev. B 81, 205425 (2010). [3] P. Roulleau, F. Portier, D. C. Glatti, P. Roche, A. Cavanna, G. Faini, U. Gennser, and D. Mailly, Phys. Rev. B 76, 161309(R) (2007); P. Roulleau, F. Portier, P. Roche, A. Cavanna, G. Faini, U. Gennser, and D. Mailly, Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 126802 (2008); Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 186803 (2008); Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 236802 (2009). [4] E. Bieri, M. Weiss, O. Gotkas, M. Hauser, C. Sch Ěˆonenberger, and S. Oberholzer, Phys. Rev. B 79, 245324 (2009). [5] J. T. Chalker, Y. Gefen, and M. Y. Veillette, Phys. Rev. B 76, 085320 (2007). [6] I. P. Levkivskyi and E. V. Sukhorukov, Phys. Rev. B 78, 045322 (2008). [7] D. L. Kovrizhin and J. T. Chalker, Phys. Rev. B 80, 161306 (2009); 81, 155318 (2010). [8] M. Schneider, D. Bagrets and A. Mirlin, Phys. Rev. B 84, 075401 (2011). [9] S. N. Dinh, D. A. Bagrets and A. D. Mirlin, Phys. Rev. B 87, 195433 (2013). [10] M. J. Rufino, D. L. Kovrizhin and J. T. Chalker, Phys. Rev. B 87, 045120 (2013).
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Collective Dynamics in Complex Networks Tiago Pereira (Dr), Sebastian van Strien (Prof), Jeroen Lamb (Prof) Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London tiago.pereira@imperial.ac.uk
Abstract: In most realistic networked systems where synchronization is relevant, strong synchronization may also be related to pathological activities such as epileptic seizures and Parkinson disease in neural networks, to extinction in ecology, and social catastrophes in epidemic spreading. Recent experiments have revealed that various levels of synchronization are needed to avoid pathological activities and enable a system to have flexibility and robustness. Despite the growing interest in network dynamics, the present state of knowledge cannot explain the various levels of synchronization observed in real-life complex systems. We develop a mathematical theory for the emergence of structured synchronisation. These results play a vital role towards the ultimate goal of understanding the emerging spontaneous collective motion in complex systems.
Keywords: Complex Networks, Social Catastrophes, Dynamics, Neuroscience, Collective Behavior.
VI ABEP-UK CONFERENCE / II EUROPEAN CONFERENCE OF BRAZILIAN POSTGRADUATE STUDENTS AND RESEARCHERS ROYAL SOCIETY - LONDON 28th September 2013
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Technological Development in Fertirrigation from Composting of Organic Waste for Crop Corn (Zéa mays L.) Éder Coutinho , Maria Claudia Rodriguez and Carlos A R Vera-Tudela Doctoral Candidate PPGCTIA ederc@ufrrj.br
Abstract: The United Nations has declared the year 2010 as the year of biodiversity with the aim of stimulating actions to protect the world. The knowledge of the values of N, P and K, present in organic waste from rural areas forms the basis of each fertilization cultivation to achieve desired productivity. Composting, recycling technologies, presents itself primarily as a way of stabilizing a residue. This study aims to develop and apply technologies of general processes of composting and organic fertilizer using pig manure to corn cultivation (Zea mays L.), aims to discuss some specific aspects for the survival of the zones of intensive production of pigs in Brazil after determining the quality of the compound by means of physical, chemical and biological parameters; evaluate the different technologies of application of compost produced with use of pig manure from the farm Zootecnia_UFRuralRJ, 22°46’23” S e 43°41’12” O; build a model drawing of quimi-
gação; taking as reference the research models Sistema Integrado de Produção Agroecológico da Embrapa Agrobiologia_BR and handling of the piles in the Royal Botanic Garden_UK. Analytical results of the compound will be obtained with parameters of moisture, density, pH, levels of N, C, Ca, Mg, P, K, B, Fe, relationship C/N (US EPA, 1976; APHA, 1992), Zn and copper, in addition to a detailed literature review on composting. Report of soil Analyses will be carried out through analysis methods used by Embrapa Agrobiologia and Department of Soil, Agronomy Institute of UFRRJ Interpretation and conclusions will be carried out by means of Statistical Software InfoStat (Ver. 2010)-R2.11.0 and MindManager X5 Pro.
Keywords: compost, irrigação, Zéa mays L
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Economics
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Implicação das Empresas multinacionais da desigualdade global e a contabilidade crítica no Reino Unido Selma Alves Dios e Maria de Fatima de Lima Pinel
Doutorandas em Contabilidade e Finanças, Universidad de Zaragoza, Espanha and Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro Selmadios@hotmail.com Resumo: As corporações multinacionais são protagonistas da economia mundial, não só pelo volume de recursos que movem, por seu desenvolvimento organizacional e tecnológico e pela abrangência de sua atuação, mas pelo seu poder de influenciar a gestão da economia e da política tanto em âmbito internacional, como no ambiente interno dos países. Dependendo de como conduzem suas operações e transações, podem piorar as condições econômicas e sociais de seu âmbito de atuação. Este efeito é tanto mais intenso quanto menor seja a identificação com os interesses nacionais. Diante do problema da degradação das condições econômicas, sociais e ambientais causado por grandes corporações multinacionais, se discute o papel que vem cumprindo ao longo do tempo a Contabilidade tradicional, com severas críticas devidas a que esta justifica a entidade corporativa, legitima seu poder e mantém a confiança do público, agindo para maximizar o retorno sobre o capital, em detrimento dos interesses dos outros atores da economia e da sociedade como um todo; e por outro lado, não “enxerga” os impactos negativos do desempenho destas corporações, além da ampla aplicação da contabilidade nas práticas de crimes financeiros, da falta de transparência nas transações complexas de desvio de recursos e evasão fiscal por empresas offshore e empresas virtuais. A Contabilidade influencia diretamente a ação dos executivos, que participam na formulação e implementação de estratégias e práticas voltadas para os interesses dos acionistas, que pas-
sou a predominar na maioria das economias européias a partir dos anos oitenta (Plihon, 2003), do que os principais impactos são a redução das rendas destinadas a remuneração do trabalho, sob as mais diversas formas, e da capacidade dos Estados para determinar e implementar políticas públicas de interesse nacional . As propostas para uma nova forma de atuação da Contabilidade se verificam no que é hoje reconhecido como Social and Environmental Accounting – SEA, com uma visão crítica dos procedimentos contábeis tradicionais sobre a ética nos negócios e as externalidades geradas por decisões internas às empresas e a necessidade de prestação de contas à sociedade, do que “The Corporate Report “ emitido pelo Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales (ICAEW,1975) é instrumento pioneiro, com visão que se desvia da abordagem baseada na maximização do lucro, e se volta para uma concepção de busca da eqüidade. As abordagens mais engajadas são identificadas na literatura como “Critical Accounting Project” do que foi pioneiro um grupo de acadêmicos da University of Sheffield, que começaram a desenvolver uma visão sociológica para promover níveis mais elevados de consciência entre todos os relacionados com a Contabilidade, que atualmente conta com esforços de vários acadêmicos do Reino Unido. Palavras–chave: Multinacionais, desigualdade global, contabilidade crítica
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O Brasil e os Estudos Críticos de Segurança: novas teorias para velhas realidades Zelia Schervier
Universidad de Brasilia francés@unb.br
Resumo: Os estudos amplos de segurança nos anos 90 abrem espaço para novas preocupações em diferentes contextos geopolíticos sobre o tema da segurança. Entretanto a proposta de Segurança Humana e de Securitização não tem sido amplamente desenvolvidas pela academia brasileira. Nesse artigo discutimos a aplicação dos Estudos Críticos de Segurança através da articulação entre as duas propostas acima levando em conta três casos de insegurança enfrentados pelo governo brasileiro. Esse artigo tenta finalmente responder a pergunta: como as novas teorias de segurança podem contribuir para as velhas realidades?
Zelia Schervier, ê pesquisadora licenciada na Universidade de Brasilia. Dr. em Politica Internacional pela Universidade de Barcelona. Realizou curso com o Prof. Ole Waever no Departamento de Ciência Política da Universidade de Copenhaguem. Apoiou a edição do Jornal Securite Humaine no Instituto de Science Politique de Paris. Áreas de interesse: Estudos Críticos de Segurança, Educação Internacional y Diplomacia Publica.
Palavras chaves: Estudios Críticos / insegurança societal / Brasil
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Brazil: brief analysis of the country’́s participation in the WTO and its trade policy development from 1990s to actuality Mariana Solla Alves Degree in Law
Queen ́s University of Belfast, United Kingdom / Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain maridios@gmail.com Abstract: This paper is on Brazilian participation on the GATT in 1948 then in the WTO since 1995 and its trade policy development in the last two decades. It ́s important look carefully its path to economic development and how it could be applied by other developing countries. Understanding the effects of alternative trade policies on growth is a key issue. What difference does the set of commercial policies chosen by a developing country make to its rate of economic growth? It ́s relevant to understand important potential advantages from GATT/WTO membership and also includes Brazilian involvement on dispute settlement during this period. It ́s going to look to the its regional integration through Mercosul economic block. Despite the relative success of Mercosul, it does not mean that all work has been completed. The partners are working towards greater coordination in all trade related issues such as harmonisation of customs procedures, harmonisation of trade preferences and coordination of anti-dumping and countervailing measures. The presentation is going to look also on the way ahead, with particular emphasis on Brazil current state of trade, main
partners and its interests and likely role in multilateral system and negotiations. After a half century of overtly inward-oriented policies, Brazil finally moved to open its trade regime in the early 1990s. Finally recovering from the economic stagnation started in 1980, 1992 represented the major shift in Brazilian economy, from a inward looking, import substitution economy, to a outward, marketoriented policies. In roughly five years since 1997, tariffs were slashed, non-tariff barriers were removed, and Mercosul became a reality. Demand conditions of trade partners definitely influences economic growth and now, the partners are in a wide extent, BRIC and developing countries, being China in the last years Brazil ́s most powerful partner. Keywords: economic growth, GATT/WTO membership, multilateral system, trade policy
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Brazilian Economic Policy-Making under the Constraints Imposed by the International Monetary System (19992014) Luiza Peruffo
PhD Student, University of Cambridge lp394@cam.ac.uk Abstract: This research focus on the changes in Brazil’s monetary, financial and exchange rate policies from 1999 to 2014 and their implications for understanding the place of external constraints in Brazilian policy-making. The period under analysis comprises an important moment in Brazil’s history, during which Brazil moved from being an economy under permanent risk of currency crises to an economy with apparently a greater degree of autonomy from external financial pressure. Despite some significant developments, Brazil’s gain of actual monetary and financial power seems to be marginal during the period under analysis. In other words, Brazil is still a business cycle and policy taker and issues an inconvertible currency, occupying an unprivileged position in the International Monetary System (IMS). This research seeks to enlighten both the change that has taken place and the on-going external constraints under which Brazil has to pursue its monetary, financial and exchange rate policies. The analysis is situated within the context of the International Political Economy (IPE) literature around the relationship of external constraints to the state’s capacity for policy-making. Put another way, because Brazil plays a marginal role in the IMS, the international influence on domestic is-
sues is very strong, so the analysis of Brazilian economic policy-making still has to give primary focus to the external constraints imposed by the IMS. The originality of this research lies in considering the case of a country in an unprivileged position in the IMS hierarchy and, at the same time, of a rising power and its struggle for greater power in the international system, specifically in the monetary area. I believe that the on-going external constraints that Brazil faces can be explained by bringing together the issue of rising powers and the issue of the international monetary system. Indeed, China’s rise and its strategy in the IMS are part of the explanation to the change in the external constraints faced by Brazil, to the extent that China’s determination to contain the upward pressure on the yuan has contributed to the upward pressure on the real. In this sense, the analytical framework is the changing nature of the external constraints and the focus is on the way that Brazilian policy-makers deal with that in relation to the old role that external constraints played. Keywords: Brazil, Economic Policy-Making, International Monetary System, Rising Powers.
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Strategy-making and business models in the automotive and appliances value-chains 2007-2012 Jorge Louzada Marques
Business Ecosystems Research Group, School of Business and Management Queen Mary, University of London j.marques@qmul.ac.uk This empirically-driven multiple case-study research investigates how strategies are made in practice in the context of two interconnected global value-chains. The automobile and appliances industries in Europe and Brazil are targeted and their governance modes (Gereffi et al., 2005) are analysed. Multinational firms operating in both markets are the unit of analysis. Product and sourcing initiatives are tracked for the period from 2007 to 2012 in order to highlight how a major economic event, notably the 2008 global financial crisis, not only shifted
the bargaining power within the supply-chain, but forced firms to change their strategic orientation and key value drivers for strategy formulation. Thus, an activity-systems perspective is adopted in order to draw and compare strategy-making patterns across firms/regions in a value-chain context. Finally, the business models framework (Johnson, 2011) is applied as a tool to describe firm’s realised strategies. Key Words: (i) strategy-making (ii) value-chain analysis (iii) business models
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O Processo de Auditoria Social pode ser considerado Sustentável Social e ambientalmente na atualidade?
Maria de Fátima de L Pinel1, Selma Alves Dios1, José P Cosenza2
Doutoranda em Contabilidade e Finanças - Universidade de Zaragoza/Professora Adjunta da Universidade Federal Fluminense 2Professor Titular Universidade Federal Fluminense 1
fatimapinel@vm.uff.br www.auditoriasocial.com.br Abstract: O processo de Auditoria Social ocorrido nos EUA em 1940, carece de discussão e divulgação, principalmente quando identificamos que as consequências apontadas em seus resultados continuam agravando-se em várias partes do mundo, inclusive no Brasil: conflitos sociais entre grupos privilegiados que detém o poder e grupos submetidos a exploração. Neste cenário, nosso objetivo neste estudo é avaliar se a Auditoria Social pode ser considerado sustentável sob o ponto de vista social e ambiental na atualidade. O processo de Auditoria Social ocorreu oficialmente nos Estados Unidos em 1940, através da Monografia de número 7 da TNEC: “Temporary National Economic Committee” . Este Comite fora criado pelo Congresso Americano em atendimento ao discurso do Presidente Franklin Roosevelt em abril de 1938. Cumpre ressaltar que TNEC foi desfeita em 1941 e que várias monografias e audiências, permaneceram sob os cuidados da Securities and Exchange Commission, doravante SEC, durante décadas, o que gerou total desconhecimento por parte da sociedade e da academia da ocorrência deste processo. A Monografia denominada Mensuração da Performance Social dos Negócios(Measurement of the Social Performance of Business) fora desenvolvida e aplicada pelo Consultor do Comitê da TNEC, Theodore J. Kréps, considerado o precursor da Auditoria social, ele definiu a Auditoria Social na época, como: O teste ácido nos negócios não é o Demonstrativo de Lucros e Perdas (Demonstrativo Contábil de Resultado utilizado na época) e sim a Auditoria Social. “The acid test of business is not the Profit-andLoss Statement but Social Audit.” Quanto ao conteúdo, na parte teórica contemplava as definições, discussões, metodologia, na parte prática: a aplicação sobre a economia americana, grandes setores e grandes empresas. O
resultado desta “auditagem social” foi disponibilizado a sociedade americana, ainda que por pouco tempo, com forte resistência e preocupação por parte dos que detinham o poder. Neste contexto, Howard R. Bowen (1957,p.7) considerado equivocadamente o precursor da Auditoria social, publicou em fevereiro de 1953 o livro: A Responsabilidade social do Homem de Negócios. Enquanto para Kréps o objetivo era o governo Auditar, de forma independente, utilizando dados oficiais obtidos externamente ao ambiente auditado e tornar o resultado da Auditoria Social de conhecimento público, para Bowen, o processo de Auditoria social, denominado por ele de “Exame de Contas” deveria ser desenvolvido por auditores sociais contratados pela empresa e os primeiros resultados das auditorias não deveriam ser disponibilizados a sociedade. Tendo em vista que os trabalhos desenvolvidos por TNEC ficaram sob a custodia da SEC, a Responsabilidade Social ganhou e ocupou este enorme espaço, todavia sem tratar da essência do problema, ou seja, a falta da gestão pela sociedade dos recursos compartilhados entre empresas e governos. Quanto a resposta a questão que ensejou tal estudo, concluímos que a Auditoria Social pode ser considerada sustentável pois é um dialogo, um processo intervencionista social, aberto, transparente e independente, que nasce e vive fora do controle do poder estabelecido de governos e empresas, além de abranger diferentes questões sociais e ambientais que se desenvolvem nas relações sociais. Portanto, este processo coaduna com o “empoderamento” social que começamos a vivenciar na atualidade, servindo de instrumento as mobilizações e ocupações sociais. Palavras–chave: Auditoria Social, Responsabilidade Social, Sustentabilidade, T.N.E.C.
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Mega-Sporting Events
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Planejamento do Atendimento a saude em Porto Alegre para a Copa do Mundo de Futebol de 2014 Luciana Maria Masiero, Alberto Reppold Filho
Licenciada, mestranda - Universidade de Salamanca lumasiero@hotmail.com Resumo: O estudo busca entender o planejamento do atendimento à saúde em Porto Alegre para a Copa do Mundo de Futebol de 2014. A pesquisa foi realizada em duas etapas: análise de documentos e registros oficiais e entrevistas semiestruturadas. Para análise dos resultados foi gerado cinco categorias. Os resultados indicaram que o planejamento do atendimento à saúde está em andamento, porém lentamente e pouco acessível aos pesquisadores. Cabe destacar que os resultados retratam a situação em período anterior à Copa. Sendo assim, sugerem-se novos estudos durante e após a realização do evento.
•Mestranda em Antropología de Iberoamérica na Universidade de Salamanca. Curso de Pós˗graduação em Administração Hospitalar e Negócios em Saúde. 2010-2011. Instituto de Administração Hospitalar e de Ciências da Saúde (IAHCS). Curso de Fisioterapia. Centro Universitário Metodista IPA. Porto Alegre / RS. 2003-2007 Curso de Educação Física. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). 2004˗2012. Curso de Formação em Fisioterapia Dermato˗funcional. Vida Centro de Estudos de Qualidade de Vida - 2011˗2012.
Palavras-Chave: Megaeventos Esportivos. Copa do Mundo. Planejamento. Atendimento em Saúde.
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TRANSFERÊNCIA DE LEGADOS DE LONDRES 2012 a RIO 2016: Necessidades de ampliação do diálogo entre Academia, Indústria e Comunidade Leonardo Mataruna
Marie Curie Researcher Fellow - Centre for Peace and Reconciliation Studies
(CPRS) - Faculty of Business, Environment & Society - Coventry University – UK. Pós-Doutor em Cultura Contemporânea – PACC/UFRJ. mataruna@gmail.com
Abstract: A presente pesquisa é parte integrante do Projeto LONRIO da União Europeia que avalia o legado dos Jogos Olímpicos e Paralímpicos de Londres e transferência do conhecimento a respeito de legado social para Rio 2016. O Brasil tem vivido desde 2007, época dos Jogos Panamericanos e Para-Panamericados, um tsunami de Megaeventos Esportivos, Culturais e Religiosos (Jogos Mundiais Militares Rio 2011, Jogos Mundiais dos Trabalhadores 2013, Jornada Mundial da Juventude 2013, Copa das Confederações de Futebol, Rock in Rio 2011/2013, entre outros) como parte de uma política de governo focada na captação dos dois maiores eventos esportivos do planeta: a Copa do Mundo de Futebol - FIFA Soccer Cup 2014 e os Jogos Olímpicos/Paralímpicos – IOC/IPC 2016. O presente estudo utilizou a análise situacional, que é o processo que fornece informações sobre a condição social dos observados para apontar possibilidades de melhoria no que tange aos legados sociais. Utilizou-se o processo de observação in-loco na cidade do Rio de Janeiro em áreas de vulnerabilidade social (favelas cariocas) que passam por processos de pacificação e reurbanização, assim como a observação dos boroughs do East London por meios de materiais publicados na mídia a respeito do legado social. Como resultado parcial da pesquisa foi possível perceber uma falta de diálogo entre o poder público e as comunidades locais nas
duas cidades, gerando certa rejeição por parte de grupos sociais de algumas regiões impactadas diretamente nas ações de organização dos eventos. Como observação, destaca-se o papel da Universidade como uma possível interlocutora neste processo de dialogo entre as partes, visto que além de atuar com na área de pesquisa, pode ainda prover meios de auxiliar as comunidades com ferramentas para facilitar as negociações sobre moradia, mobilidade e as necessidades específicas de cada localidade nos aspectos sociais, educacionais e de saúde. A Universidade precisa entender a possibilidade existente em explorar socialmente os megaeventos esportivos além dos legados tangíveis, conhecidos como legado duro ou estrutural. A indústria esportiva dos megaeventos poderia criar outros mecanismos para diminuir impactos sociais de rejeição dos Megaeventos, gerando uma nova forma de sentimento de pertencimento e relação da ampliação do diálogo para a cidadania como parte central que conecte os três pilares (Academia, Indústria e Comunidade) em torno dos eventos esportivos que ocorrerão nos próximos anos no Brasil. Palavras-Chave: Megaeventos Esportivos, Legado Social, Rio 2016 e Londres 2012.
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Phi’s & Psi’s
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Para uma abordagem noológica da filosofia na esteira de Gilles Deleuze Guilherme Soares dos Santos
Doutorando em filosofia – Université Paris 8 Vincennes – Saint-Denis gugax@yahoo.com Resumo: O filósofo francês Gilles Deleuze (1925-1995) introduziu em sua obra o conceito de “noologia”, o qual possibilita abordar de uma maneira singular a história da filosofia. Em nossa tese de doutorado, interpretamos essa abordagem como “ciência do pensamento enquanto pensamento”, à semelhança da ontologia, definida tradicionalmente como a “ciência do ser enquanto ser”. A novidade da proposta deleuziana consiste, por um lado, em se interessar pelos diversos sistemas filosóficos não somente enquanto objetos datados, e por isso mesmo antiquados, mas também, por outro lado, enquanto estruturas mentais, ou a bem dizer, “máquinas abstratas” ou “diagramas”, as quais não se reduzem a meras ideologias superestruturais, cortadas, nesse sentido, das infraestruturas materiais. Para tanto, tal proposta recorre, entre outras, à noção de “imagem do pensamento” – designando uma realidade estudada pela noologia –, e que se define pela concepção de cada filosofia sobre o que signifique pensar, fazer uso do pensamento ou se orientar no pensamento. Em outras palavras: trata-se dos pressupostos implícitos na base da atividade conceitual filosófica. Desse ponto de vista, a abordagem noológica põe em evidência mecanismos recônditos do pensamento, um certo “impensado” no cerne do
próprio pensamento. Daí a sua importância e a necessidade de se o estudar. Tanto mais essas “imagens” revelam-se pré-filosóficas, quer dizer, inseparáveis da filosofia, e, contudo, não menos ligadas a outras formas de pensar como as artes e as ciências. Assim, o estudo das imagens do pensamento e de sua historicidade recobriria, em substância, uma necessidade essencial – e mais profunda de certo modo – de pensar o pensamento puro, isto é, o pensamento encarado nele mesmo e por ele mesmo. Ou ainda, o ato de pensar na fonte de todo e qualquer pensamento; sistema filosófico, mas, outrossim, ideal estético ou paradigma científico. Donde o alcance transdisciplinar da nossa pesquisa, que acaba por tocar, direta ou indiretamente, outros domínios do saber e, por via de consequência, o campo de ação humana, em especial a partir de uma meditação no seio da filosofia.
Palavras–chave: Deleuze, filosofia, metafísica, noologia, pensamento.
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A análise do discurso contrastiva perante as demandas da sociedade: uma reflexão sobre o ensino da filosofia na França e no Brasil Daniela Nienkötter Sardá
Doutoranda em Ciências da Linguagem - Université Paris Descartes danielasarda@yahoo.com.br Resumo: O presente trabalho, inserido no campo das ciências da linguagem, mais precisamente da análise do discurso contrastiva (von Münchow, 2011), visa a comparar os discursos de manuais escolares contemporâneos de filosofia franceses e brasileiros (o corpus compreende manuais editados entre 2004 e 2012). Tal comparação tem como finalidade depreender, do discurso dos manuais, as representações da filosofia que circulam nas comunidades etnolinguísticas francesa e brasileira. Nossas primeiras análises revelam que, na comunidade brasileira, circula uma representação da filosofia como sendo uma disciplina abstrata, difícil e inútil. Os autores dos manuais brasileiros posicionam-se contra essa representação, tentando convencer os leitores da utilidade dessa disciplina. Nos manuais franceses, por sua vez, a filosofia parece bastar por si própria, não sendo necessárias explicações sobre sua suposta utilidade. Mas o que explica a presença de um questionamento sobre a utilidade da filosofia nos manuais brasileiros, e sua ausência nos manuais franceses? A análise comparativa busca as causas dos discursos repertoriados e, assim, por intermédio da análise de um corpus histórico de manuais escolares de filosofia, é possível observar que, já em 1882, Paul Janet, autor do manual francês Traité élémentaire de philosophie, tentava convencer seus leitores da utilidade da
filosofia – útil, segundo ele, no exercício do espírito e no exame de questões abstratas –, e posta em xeque pelas “ciências positivas” (Janet, 1882, p. 824). De maneira análoga, sabemos que o positivismo teve grande influência na história brasileira, inclusive durante a ditadura militar, quando a filosofia foi excluída dos currículos escolares – entre outros fatores, por ser considerada pouco rentável –, para voltar a figurar, em 2008, como disciplina obrigatória no Ensino Médio. Pensamos, enfim, que esse movimento que vai da cartografia das representações sobre a filosofia, nos manuais franceses e brasileiros, até a busca de causas que as expliquem, visa a uma reflexão aprofundada a respeito do ensino dessa disciplina na França e no Brasil. Parte-se assim da materialidade discursiva em direção a uma abordagem interdisciplinar. Nesse sentido, nosso trabalho atende às necessidades da sociedade, já que ele não se endereça somente a linguistas e analistas do discurso, mas também a professores de filosofia, autores de manuais e de programas escolares, bem como a todo cidadão interessado pela filosofia e seu ensino. Palavras–chave: análise do discurso, Brasil, comparação, filosofia, França, manuais escolares.
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A ambiguidade do rastro como condição para o encontro entre o Eu e Outrem, em Emmanuel Levinas Leonardo Meirelles Ribeiro
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais/ Ecole Normale Supérieure meirelles_leonardo@yahoo.com.br O presente trabalho busca discutir muito rapidamente a relação estabelecida em Emmanuel Levinas entre o Eu e a figura do Rosto do Outro, junto com sua dimensão do Infinito, que se inaugura no encontro Eu/Outro. Para explicar tal encontro, o filósofo se utiliza de metáforas e ambiguidades, desenvolvendo assim um método bastante original que parece permitir afinal um face-a-face entre o finito e o infinito sem que este se deixe encerrar por aquele. Este é o grande desafio da sua obra, que percebemos ser somente possível graças ao que o filósofo chama de Rastro, de um infinito que não se deixa capturar. Noções breves sobre o conceito de ética, metafísica, totalidade e saber serão tratadas, para explicar como o autor organiza seu pensamento sobre a alteridade.
Bolsista CAPES, bolsa sanduiche, filosofia pela UFMG e em Paris, pela Ecole Normale Supérieure Titulação: graduado em Direito pela UFMG, graduado em História pela PUC-MG, especialização em Relações Internacionais pela UnB, graduado em Filosofia pela Faje- Jesuítas, mestre pela Université ParisX, atualmente doutorando em Filosofia pela UFMG.
Palavras-chave: Eu, Outro, Finito, Infinito, metafísica, ética.
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Hipersexualidade nas relações objetais: um estudo de caso Vitor Hugo Lima Barreto University College London barretovitor@hotmail.com
This paper is a psychoanalytic case study of a woman who came to treatment asking to be hospitalized because she could not endure her own life. Since the beginning of the therapeutic relationship, the expression of her uncontrollable sexual desire led to the psychical equivalent of a defense mechanism against abandonment accompanied by a sense of revenge and the illusion of mastery over what was once beyond her control. Her feelings of being two different persons, one evil (sexualized) and one good (submissive) represented a self-induced dissociative state that permitted her to detach from early traumatic reality and become engrossed in a subjective fantasy of an idealized self-image. According to object relations theory, sexual hyperactivity could be understood by the failure to differentiate between self and object (other). This incapacity for internal regulation of self-esteem and being alone would lead to establish sex as a mean to be in transient contact with someone (object) in order to regulate intolerable anxiety or depression. Others (objects) will exist as part-objects to regulate affective discomfort. Part-objects will function as transitional objects, which are endowed with maternal functions, except that the last will eventually be internalized. For the partobjects, however, an obsessive-compulsive cycle is established, which never ends, not until another type of relationship is experienced. Rejected by her father, who thought she was the daughter of her mother´s stepfather, Sinfonea was cared mostly by her grandmother. Through a cycle of forced labor as a housemaid and sugar cane cutter since her early 7 years of age, Sinfonea never went to school. She reckons her sexual life to begin when she manipulated a 7 years old boy´s penis, while she was 13 years of age. After that, she dis-
covers in sexuality a stage to play a different role, where she can express her own power. She perpetuates her mother´s promiscuous sexual behavior throughout her life, until when she reaches 50 years old and starts questioning her sexual appeal. Her sexual drive, however, does not go unpunished. Her religious and social context, internalized, transforms the expression of her desire into a self-blame and self-realization jigsaw. The social acceptance of the sexual expression of women in Northeastern Brazil is expressed by a very traditional lyric, re-adapted by Lenine: Ô Rita, tu sai da janela Que as Moça Desse Lugar Nem se Demora donzela Nem se destina a casar... Hey Rita, leave the casement, The misses from this village, Do not delay as maiden, Nor are intended to marriage. Sinfonea´s transferential relationship is characterized by an intense idealization which is strengthened throughout the course of therapy while she identifies herself as being just one person. It seems as if her idealized parental imago was never well established, which makes her susceptible to an idealized transference. The psychoanalyst, although idealized, is object of her sexual drives, raising the need of a clear limit set by the therapist. In subsequent sessions, Sinfonea showed how new limits were gradually internalized. Keywords: psicanálise / psychoanalysis, hipersexualidade / hypersexuality, teoria das relações objetais / object relations theory
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Literature & Cinema
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Images of the contemporary Brazil throught the literature: focusing on the novel Cimara Valim de Melo King’s Brazil Intitute
Ph.D in Literature Studies cimara.melo@kcl.ac.uk This work has as its main object of investigation the novel while a literary genre, by contextualizing it in the 21st century Brazil and linking it to other areas of knowledge from the pillars “culture”, “society” and “technology”. Through the analysis of the ways the novel deals imagetically with time-space notions, represents Brazil in its social and cultural reality, and is connected to the process of internationalisation of the country on the global scene, we intend to investigate the images of the contemporary Brazil collected by its literary system. For that, we analyze the literary production from 1989 to 2009, in order to have a profile of the most representative writers in the last decades; we present the main perspectives of the Brazilian novel throughout the contemporaneity; and we eventually present two current possibilities of international integration of the Brazilian literature, through the publications held by
Companhia das Letras and Rocco publishers, in the series called Amores Expressos, and the Granta Magazine, at issue 121, entitled “The best of Young Brazilian Novelists”. As result of that research, we can highlight the dynamic and multifaceted performance of the Brazilian literature as well as international insertion of Brazil in cultural terms. This study has continuity in the project “Culture, society and technology: Images of time-space reading in the twenty-first century Brazilian novel”, which has been developed at King’s Brazil Institute. keywords: Contemporary Brazil, cultural studies, Brazilian literature, the novel.
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A conexão entre o Mercosul e Castilla através da obra Martin Fierro e de Miguel de Unamuno Antonio Augusto Bonatto Barcellos, Angel Baldomero Espina Barrio Universidade de Salamanca antonio.barcellos@usal.es No presente trabalho, abordaremos a importancia da obra Martin Fierro de José Hernandez, um dos primeiros e mais representativos textos da literatura gauchesca, publicada em 1872, para conectar o mercosul e a península ibérica. A história, que narra as aventuras e desventuras do gaúcho Martin Fierro, foi escrita durante o exílio do autor na cidade brasileira de Santana do Livramento, na fronteira com o Uruguai. A obra foi feita em versos e representa a linguagem popular gauchesca da época, com a informalidade própria da língua falada longe da metrópole. Miguel de Unamuno, a seu turno, é um dos mais destacados pensadores espanhóis da geração conhecida como “geração de 98”. Unamuno também é um ícone de Salamanca, onde chegou a ser reitor da Universidade e viveu por muitos anos. Unamuno, logo após a publicação do Martin Fierro, passa a estudá-lo e nutre uma admiração e veneração pela obra, comentando-la com amigos e quase obrigando-lhes que a lessem e aprovassem. Salamanca, é a terra, também, dos “charros”, um tipo humano rural, que trabalha nas “dehesas”, ecossistema que reúne as condições perfeitas para criação de suínos, matéria-prima do famoso “jamón ibérico”. Um de seus amigos, Luis Maldonado de Guevara, para pregar-lhe uma peça, decide escrever um poema similar ao Martin Fierro. Nasce então o poema Querellas del Ciego de Robliza com métrica e estilo idénticas ao Martin Fierro. Unamuno é convidado a escrever o prólogo do livro
e o faz em 1894. Todas essas circunstâncias, convergem justamente para aproximar o mundo rural salmantino do mundo rural do pampa no final do século XIX. O trabalho faz uma comparação dos ditos gauchescos e salmantinos, da linguagem gauchesca enquanto língua própria e os termos utilizados pelos gaúchos tanto em castelhano quanto em português. São comparadas também as figuras dos jinetes míticos íbero-americanos principalmente o gaúcho e o charro, semelhantes e próximos como afirma Espina Barrio. Se conclui pela centralidade da obra Martin Fierro enquanto representante da linguagem gauchesca e sua importância, quando estudada e revisada em Salamanca, para conectar esses dois mundos tão distantes. A obra e seu sucesso, como se pode ver, foram responsáveis, também, pela inclusão de vários novos vocábulos no idioma espanhol pela Real Academia Española. Palavras-chave: Gaúcho, Identidade, Cultura, Martin Fierro, Unamuno, Linguagem, Charro, Salamanca. É bacharel em Ciências Jurídicas e Sociais pela Pontíficia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul onde também cursou a Pós-Graduação em Direito do Trabalho e Processo do Trabalho, Advogado inscrito na OAB/RS. Licenciado em Educação Física pela Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul e pós-graduado em Docência do Ensino Superior pela Universidade Castelo Branco. Mestre em Antropologia Iberoamericana pela Universidade de Salamanca. Atualmente Cursa o Doutorado em Ciências Sociais na Universidade de Salamanca/Espanha como bolsita integral do convênio Santander/Universidade de Salamanca. É vice-presidente da Associação da Comunidade Brasileira de Salamanca (ABS) e delegado para o Brasil do Instituto de Investigações Antropológicas de Castilla y León (IIACyL).
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Malandros and Otários: The Use of Samba in Tropa de Elite and Tropa de Elite: O Inimigo Agora É Outro Hans Michael Anselmo Hess University of Bristol hanhess@gmail.com The use of samba in the films Tropa de Elite (Elite Squad, 2007) and Tropa de Elite: O Inimigo Agora É Outro (Elite Squad: The Enemy Within, 2010), focuses on the type of samba sometimes called the samba malandro. The samba malandro (= hoodlum samba) foregrounds the culture of lower-class Brazilians who live in the shantytowns, semi-marginal people who are unemployed, misfits in society: the malandros. The samba malandro was the last cultural popular bastion of opposition against the Estado Novo (Estado Novo was the political regime implemented in Brazil from 1937 to 1945 by president Getúlio Vargas). This spivish life, including resistance to work and the refinement of skills to deceive people who become their otários (suckers, fools, the victims of the malandros,), is portrayed in both films, and samba is associated with such features in both films as well. The analyses of selected scenes in Elite Squad will explore how samba can portray the character of Fábio as an example of a malandro, Neto as the otário, and how these roles are inverted throughout the story. Similar relationships can be seen in Elite Squad: The Enemy Within, where samba is again used to show how a malandro’s smooth-talking actions can make someone else an otário. Samba is also used in the sequel to depict an extreme version of the malandro, in this case a dangerous chief of a militia, who - alongside the government - makes ordinary people his otários.
As a key musical feature, syncopation in samba will be analyzed as a reflection of the smooth talk of the malandro articulating his next moves to find his otário. The aim of this paper is to explore how the theme of the malandros and otários is depicted by samba in these two films (among many other Brazilian films). The analyses show how musical semiotics can help films to depict, interpret, contextualise and evaluate cultural, political and social features of recent Brazilian history. Hailing from Rio Grande do Sul in Southern Brazil, Hans Michael Anselmo Hess is a media composer, guitarist and music researcher. He earned a master’s degree in composition from the University of Bristol, where he has been a tutor in music and guitar tutor in the Music Department since 2006. He has been writing music for short and feature films, as well as promotional videos. Recent projects includes composition for theatrical plays ‘The Ithaca Axis’ directed by Nick Young and ‘The Pole Dancer’ directed Martine Shackerley-Bennett. He has also composed music for independent British feature movie, Consequence (2012) directed by Si Wall. Hans’ is a very active music library composer having his music placed on Bravo, History Channel and E! Entertainment. Recently he has been writing music for audio book Amelia and the Elf, and is an approved composer for Booktracks. Since 2011 his British/Brazilian transcontinental collaboration Hess&Franzen has been producing independent soundtrack and progressive rock albums.
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ENTRE LINHAS E ÁRVORES: Um estudo comparado entre Julio Cortázar e Piet Mondrian Fábio José Santos de Oliveira
Doutorando em Teoria Literária e Literatura Comparada/Universidade de São Paulo (USP/Brasil), em cotutela de tese pela Université Paris 8 (França) Bolsista CNPq (Brasil); bolsista CAPES (França). fabiolittera@usp.br In the short story “Manuscrito hallado en un bolsillo” (from the book Octaedro, by Julio Cortázar), there are some references to Piet Mondrian’s work. Taking this into consideration, we have analyzed the importance of these references to this short story meaning and we have studied the moments in which, disregarding the specificities of their art, Cortázar’s text makes contact or doesn’t with Mondrian’s work in relation to esthetic data. When we speak about esthetic data we refer to the textual building procedures and to the meaning production from way the text (the short story or the painting) is structured.
Keywords: Comparative literature, literature and arts, Julio Cortázar, Piet Mondrian.
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Escrita criminal em Rubem Fonseca e Hubert Aquin Marina Silveira de Melo
Doutoranda em literatura na Université Sorbonne Nouvelle Paris 3 silveiramelo.marina@gmail.com Resumo: Escrever para contar: tal deveria ser a lógica das narrativas em geral. No romance policial, em que há um elemento cuja revelação é urgente, nem sempre se respeita a linha estrita deste raciocínio. É o que propomos mostrar tomando como exemplo os romances O caso Morel, do autor brasileiro Rubem Fonseca, e Trou de mémoire, do autor canadense Hubert Aquin. Em ambas as narrativas, os autores colocam em cena personagens assassinos que assumem a pluma seja pela imposição de uma autoridade, seja por constrangimento e necessidade de colocar em palavras um ato mantido em segredo. No entanto, o ato de escrita assume a importância das histórias de
Sherazade, à exceção de que esta continua narrando para evitar a morte, enquanto aqueles escrevem muito para evitar falar sobre o ato criminal já cometido. Este caminho inverso, ou seja, da morte ao texto, produz escritores de fortuna e sem ventura, como os que são representados por Fonseca e Aquin. Mostraremos, em uma perspectiva comparada, como os autores citados trabalham a relação do criminoso com sua escrita violenta e traumática; e, para além do ficcional, como o ato de escrita pode mostrar-se uma violência perpetrada contra si. Palavras–chave: Confissão, crime, escrita.
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Media
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Webjornalismo cidadão e ética jornalística: o internauta e a produção de informação na Internet Thiago Melo
Faculdade de Letras da Universidade de Coimbra (Fluc), em Portugal thiagomelos@gmail.com
Nas últimas décadas, com o maior acesso da população à Internet e à tecnologias como smartphones e similares (celulares com câmeras embutidas, gravadores digitais, Tablets etc), os media, em especial os digitais, têm assisto a uma avalanche de conteúdos produzidos por quem até então apenas recebia os conteúdos deles. Além dos aparatos tecnológicos, o espaço ilimitado, e simplificado, oferecido pela rede possibilita que o cidadão compartilhe seus próprios vídeos, textos, fotos, áudios e todo arquivo suportado nas plataformas disponíveis gratuitamente na web (blogs, fotologs, redes sociais etc). O Brasil, país onde está o objeto de estudo deste artigo, possui mais de 94 milhões de internautas . Pesquisa realizada com estes usuários mostrou que 37% deles é leitor de jornais digitais, e que 70% desses leitores têm o costume de publicar conteúdos próprios na rede. Estes dados reforçam o caráter participativo do segmento, que tem sido aproveitado por muitos portais noticiosos, com o intuito de atrair audiência para si. É o caso do G1, o portal de notícias da Rede Globo. Este portal, de grande influência entre os internautas brasileiros, iniciou em 2006, sob o slogan “Mande sua reportagem para o G1 e seja um jornalista cidadão”, um espaço para leitores publicarem notícias por meio de fotos, vídeos e textos. O “Vc no G1”, coluna que publica diariamente conteúdos enviados pelos internautas, surgiu num cenário em que o maior acesso aos meios de produção por parte da população, bem como o acesso direto à fontes de informação na web, provocava uma queda na credibilidade dos grandes veículos jornalísticos. Daí esta nova proposta de o próprio internauta, ou o “cidadão-repórter”, produzir informação na Internet, por meio do chamado webjornalismo cidadão, ou co-
laborativo como preferem alguns autores. A filosofia do webjornalismo cidadão segue a essência colaborativa da rede, onde tudo pode e deve ser compartilhado. Sendo assim, a notícia produzida pelos internautas não seria tratada como um bem comercial, e, portanto, deve ser livre e aberta a todo cidadão. Considerando análise feita durante um mês no “Vc no G1”, questionamo-nos se essas informações respeitam os princípios técnicos e éticos da informação jornalística, uma vez que o material veiculado não fora capturado, apurado ou escrito por um jornalista. Além desta questão, é pertinente colocarmos em discussão sob a luz da ética as intenções do veículo em publicar tais informações, e as mudanças de papéis na comunicação, que com a Internet é cada vez mais colaborativa, no sentido de permitir cidadãos comuns a produção, a co-produção e a divulgação de conteúdos no jornalismo contemporâneo. O artigo pretende ainda verificar os critérios de noticiabilidade aplicados ao “Vc no G1”, tendo em vista as bases teóricas de Wolf (2009) e Traquina (2007), paralelas à política editorial da página, com o objetivo de elucidar o questionamento inicial sobre a ética da informação neste material colaborativo. Palavras–chave: webjornalismo cidadão, jornalismo participativo, novos media, ética jornalística, Internet Thiago Mello é Jornalista formado pela Universidade da Amazônia (Unama), em Belém do Pará, Brasil. Mestrando em Comunicação e Jornalismo pela Faculdade de Letras da Universidade de Coimbra (Fluc), em Portugal, com pesquisas voltadas para os novos media, o jornalismo e a Esfera Pública.
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Forest Policies & Indigenous Education
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Caring for Global Commons: Geographies of care and the Brazilian Amazon Grace Iara Souza
PhD candidate, King’s Brazil Institute, King’s College London grace.souza@kcl.ac.uk It is widely accepted that climate change, poverty eradication, and human insecurity are the most pressing threats the world is facing today. Along with trade, migration, information and communication technologies, the ‘globalisation effect’ could also be seen through various financial, food and climate crises during the past decades. Consequently, governments, scientists, non-governmental organisations, businesses and individuals have been invited to view themselves as part of a ‘global village’ and thus take appropriate measures to enhance the protection of the environment. In light of these understandings, the designations ‘global natural resources’ and ‘global commons’ were created in order to focus awareness on the fact that the mismanagement or misuse of natural resources such as forests, rivers, oceans and the atmosphere, can accelerate climate change and impact ‘global human and environmental security’. The Brazilian Amazon, for instance, contains the largest remaining tropical rainforest in the world, and its destruction is likely to intensify the greenhouse effect and considerably reduce the Earth’s biodiversity reserves.
Given its environmental importance, the management of the Brazilian Amazon has historically been demanded to be ‘internationalised’. Considering the global impact of threats such climate change, the challenges impinged by developing goals and an environment that is becoming more and more globalised through economic demands for natural resources, one might ask: what are the implications of geographies of care for the Brazilian Amazon? This paper attempts to discuss the different geographies of care for the Brazilian Amazon and to propose a reflection on ‘the role of the individual’ as part of this so-called ‘global village’.
Keywords: Brazilian Amazon; global commons, human security; global village; individual.
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Protected Areas and Local Communities in the Western Border of the Pantanal: seeking for a balance Rafael Morais Chiaravalloti1, Katherine Homewood2
PhD Student at University College London, Anthropology Departhment Professor at University College London, Anthropology Department rafael.chiaravalloti.12@ucl.ac.uk 1 2
Abstract: The Western Border of the Pantanal wetland represents great biological importance for conservation of Brazilian Biodiversity. To protect this region seven protected areas had been established. Altogether they make up an ecological corridor with 262,000 ha. However, on the region of the protected areas were living traditional communities, all of them established about 100-150 years ago. The result has been intense conflict between the protected areas and the local people, triggering problems for both biodiversity conservation and for the social and economic development of the local communities. Moreover fishing tourism trade got in conflict with the Protect Areas as well for fishing spots. Thus, the main aim of this project is to map and document local communities and tourism trade’s land use in the western border of the Pantanal wetland, show the relationship of resource use with the local protected areas and then identify strategies that promote a better balance between biodiversity conservation and social and economic development in the region. To achieve this goal, firstly, we are going to use GIS techniques and statistical modelling
of environmental data to identify key hotspots of biodiversity. Secondly, through interviews and participatory approaches (including citizen science, whereby local people collect data about their own and others’ natural resource use using handheld GPS units) we will try to understand local communities’ use of natural resources in the region. Both approaches use GIS data, making it possible to compare and integrate them to seek optimal land use solutions for social and environmental sustainability. Thus, the final aim is to work towards compromises that satisfy the main priorities of all the stakeholders in the region allowing them to move towards conflict resolution binging sustainable development to the Pantanal. keywords: Citizen Science, Hotspots of Biodiversity, Local Communities, Protected Areas, The Pantanal
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Amazônia Brasileira e o entorno: Somos órfãos do Poder Público? Maria de Fátima de Lima Pinel1 e Michael de Oliveira2
Doutoranda em Contabilidade e Finanças - Universidade de Zaragoza Professora Adjunta da Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Graduando em História Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) Universidade Indigena Aldeia Maracanã (IAM) fatimapinel@vm.uff.br www.auditoriasocial.com.br Abstract: As comunidades locais indígenas e nativas, compartilham com grandes empresas globais recursos escassos: inversões governamentais, recursos financeiros, sociais e ambientais que impactam localmente ao entorno: trabalho escravo, desmatamento, poluição, tudo isso financiados com recursos públicos, pelo Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social. Por outro lado, o patrimônio genético e conhecimento tradicional dos índios e nativos são exportados, patenteados, sem maiores ingerências e controles governamentais. A pergunta que buscamos encontrar resposta através deste estudo é a seguinte: a Amazônia Brasileira e o entorno local, são órfãos do poder público? A Amazônia brasileira abrange a região compreendida pelos Estados do Pará, Amazonas, territórios federais do Acre, Amapá, Guaporé e Rio Branco, parte do Estado de Mato Grosso, Goiás e parte do Maranhão. A visão prospectiva por parte de terceiros sobre a região da Amazônia ocorre desde épocas remotas: em 1800, Alexander Von Homboldt acreditava ser a Amazônia celeiro do mundo; Henry Ford (1863-1947), queria se libertar do monopólio inglês do látex para produzir borracha necessária para equipar sua linha de produção; em 1913-1914, Theodore Roosevelt, na expedição RondonRoosevelt, vislumbrava as corredeiras do rio Amazonas como geradora de energia elétrica para abastecer grande número de indústrias de grande porte, unidas entre si por ferrovias. Quanto a exploração e desmatamento, já ocorriam em 1876, contrabando das sementes amazônicas para os Reais Jardins Botânicos de Londres, subsequentes plantações de borracha, para as colônias britânicas , francesas e holandesas, além da 1927, Fordlandia ,
plantava seringueiras em Aveiro, Pará e finalmente a Volkswagen também no Pará, Município Santana de Araguaia, recebeu em 1973, do governo militar brasileiro, 140.000 hectares além de 75% de todo capital necessário para desenvolver projeto agropecuário. Na atualidade, neste ambiente complexo ímpar, a derrubada e queima de árvores, do solo, o uso de agrotóxicos e a criação de gado são fatores que contribuem para a perda e contaminação do considerado pulmão do mundo, além de acarretar a expulsão, gera a lenta morte dos índios, de suas aldeias, da fauna e flora local, além de contribuir para que o Brasil ocupe o 6º país em emissão de gás poluente, mais precisamente CO2. Finalmente, a biopirataria, se desenvolve naturalmente, sem resistência, contribuindo para que as plantas fauna brasileira seja patenteadas: o Açaí (revogada patente no Japão), Andiroba (Japão e França), Cupuaçu, ( Japão e Inglaterra (Body shop)), peixes ornamentais do Amazonas (Japão) e outras. Portanto, baseado no que foi exposto, a Amazônia foi, é, e continuará sendo explorada nas mais diferentes formas, seja interna ou externamente, pelos mais distintos agentes. Quanto a questão pleiteada no início do estudo, fica muito claro que existe ausência do poder público na proteção da Amazônia brasileira e do entorno, contrariamente, sem ouvir a voz dos índios e nativos locais, a presença do poder público é presente, para ajudar a financiar a destruição da Amazônia brasileira articuladas pelas grandes empresas materializadas em grandes projetos. Palavras–chave: Amazônia Brasileira, Biopirataria, BNDES, Devastação, Fordlandia, Indígena, Poluição.
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Culture and Coalitions in Brazilian Forest Policies: The Role of Arguments Flavia Maria de Mattos Donadelli
PhD Candidate at London School of Economics and Political Science f.m.donadelli@lse.ac.uk
This research aims to analyse forest policies in Brazil and the how they have been integrated in the regimes of Climate Change and Biodiversity. Based on the doctrine of policy analysis that considers policy argumentation as a central constitutive element of policy formulation, the methodological techniques of assumption analysis, argument mapping and discourse analysis of documents and interviews will be applied in this study. The realisation that climate change is the main motivating factor of forest policies in Brazil, and that, as opposed to what has been occurring internationally, biodiversity concerns are not being considered by the country during formulation and implementation of such policies, is the main puzzle to be explored by this research. Two theoretical perspectives, the Interpretive Discourse
Coalition Approach (Hajer, 1995; 1993) and Cultural Theory (Douglas & Wildavsky, 1982; Hood, 1998; Hoppe, 2002; Verweij et al. 2006) contributed to the formulation of the two hypotheses of this study. First, it is hypothesised that the discourse coalition which supports forest degradation as a cause of climate change prevails over the discourse coalition which perceives it as causing biodiversity loss. Second, that the different cultural styles which prevail among the members of each of these coalitions have been impeding the recognition of the overlaps among both regimes in the formulation of forest policies. Keywords: Forest policies, Brazil, Climate Change, Biodiversity, Discourse Analysis, Cultural Theory
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Conhecer a Amazônia na Europa Anete Costa Ferreira Fórum Landi – Universidade Federal do Pará aneteferreira@yahoo.com.br
A Amazônia sempre teve as suas riquezas exploradas por estrangeiros, com o apoio dos indígenas. Todo o material colhido era enviado para a Europa para ser comercializada e objeto de estudos. Atualmente, a região continua sendo uma plataforma de exploração sob o rótulo de modelos de desenvolvimento. Entidades nacionais e internacionais se auto - intitulam defensoras do território, protestando contra o desmatamento, o mercúrio nos rios e as grandes obras que entendem serem prejudiciais ao meio ambiente. Talvez a colaboração do tripé academia, indústria e comércio fosse a forma de elucidar as questões, impedindo notícias desabonadoras na mídia europeia. Nada que os centros universitários ignorem. Mas qual o poder desses centros de produção de conhecimentos para a mudança real das formas de apropriação da Amazônia?
Diplomada em Ciências Humanas pela Universidade da Amazónia. Cursou a Escola Superior de Guerra. Jornalista, conferencista, escritora e investigadora da cultura amazónica. Autora do livro “ A Expedição de Pedro Teixeira: sua Importância para Portugal e o Futuro da Amazónia”. Co-autora da obra “De Ôlho na Língua: Palavras de Cá e de Lá”, editada no Brasil e Portugal. Orientadora Histórica do Documentário “Curiuá Catu: a Grande Expedição de Pedro Teixeira”. Detentora do Prêmio do Centro de História de Contabilidade: Noel Martin Monteiro com o trabalho “Aspectos da Escrituração Contábil da Inquisição em Lisboa”; e Marquesa de Valverde com o trabalho “Água: Símbolo e Origem da Vida”. Tem ministrado aulas temáticas nas Universidades: Coimbra, Lusófona, Lisboa e Instituto das Novas Profissões. Desde 2010 atua no Museu da Ciência da Universidade de Coimbra, com trabalhos sobre a Amazônica, em várias vertentes. Possuidora de Condecorações brasileiras, portuguesas e americanas.
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sponsors
Institutional support
Cultural partners
venue
Brazilian Embassy
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Association of Brazilian Postgraduate Students and Researchers in the United Kingdom
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