mentor

‫ﻫﻤﺘﻢ ﺑﺪرﻗﻪ راه ﻛﻦ اي ﻃﺎﻳﺮ ﻗﺪس ﻛﻪ دراز اﺳﺖ ره ﻣﻘﺼﺪ وﻣﻦ ﻧﻮ ﺳﻔﺮم‬

‫‪U.A.I‬‬ ‫‪Underwater archaeology in iran‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺎن ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ زﻳﺮ آب در اﻳﺮان‬

‫‪The 1802 wreck of the Mentor and the Parthenon Marbles‬‬ ‫ﻛﺸﺘﻲ ﻣﻐﺮوق ﻣﻨﺘﻮر در ﺳﺎل ‪ 1802‬و ﻣﺮﻣﺮﻳﻨﻬﺎي ﭘﺎرﺗﻨﻮن‬

‫"از ﺳﺮي ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﺗﺎرﻳﺨﭽﻪ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺎن ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ زﻳﺮ آب"‬ ‫"‪History of underwater archaeology‬‬

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‫ﺗﻬﻴﻪ وﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ‪ :‬ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺎن ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ زﻳﺮ آب در اﻳﺮان‬ ‫‪Written by: Underwater archaeology in iran‬‬

‫"‪"The 1802 wreck of the Mentor and the Parthenon Marbles‬‬ ‫‪The Mentor was sailing from Piraeus to the coast of England via Malta, carrying‬‬ ‫‪some 17 cases of antiquities stripped from the Acropolis by Lord Elgin, when,‬‬ ‫‪in the early hours of September 17, 1802, it sank just off the coast of Kythera,‬‬ ‫‪south of the Peloponnese.‬‬ ‫‪Thankfully, most of its precious cargo -- which included sections of the‬‬ ‫‪Parthenon frieze and the Temple of Athena Nike, parts of statuary, a marble‬‬ ‫‪throne and columns -- were salvaged from the wreck by divers from Kalymnos‬‬ ‫‪hired by the British lord.‬‬ ‫‪Source:‬‬ ‫‪file:///E:/underwater%20archaeology%20in%20facebook/2011_402459.htm‬‬

‫ﻛﺸﺘﻲ ﻣﻐﺮوق ﻣﻨﺘﻮر در ﺳﺎل ‪ 1802‬و ﻣﺮﻣﺮﻳﻨﻬﺎي ﭘﺎرﺗﻨﻮن‬ ‫ﻛﺸﺘﻲ ﻣﻨﺘﻮر در ‪ 17‬ﺳﭙﺘﺎﻣﺒﺮ ﺳﺎل ‪ 1802‬ﺳﻮاﺣﻞ ﺟﺰﻳﺮه ﭘﻴﺮه )ﺷﻬﺮي ﻛﻪ در اﺳﺘﺎن آﺗﻴﻚ در ﻛﺸﻮر ﻳﻮﻧﺎن‬ ‫واﻗﻊ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ(را ﺑﻪ ﻗﺼﺪ ﺳﻮاﺣﻞ اﻧﮕﻠﺴﺘﺎن از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻣﺎﻟﺘﺎ ﺗﺮك ﻛﺮد‪ ،‬اﻳﻦ ﻛﺸﺘﻲ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ‪ 17‬ﺻﻨﺪوق از‬ ‫اﺷﻴﺎ ﺑﺎ ارزش وﻫﻨﺮي ﻣﻌﺒﺪ ﭘﺎرﺗﻨﻮن واﻗﻊ در در آﻛﺮوﭘﻮﻟﻴﺲ آﺗﻦ ﺑﻮد ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻟﺮد اﻟﮕﻴﻦ اﺳﻜﺎﺗﻠﻨﺪي ﻫﺪاﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ ﺷﺪ‪،‬ﻛﺸﺘﻲ در ﻫﻤﺎن ﺳﺎﻋﺎت اوﻟﻴﻪ در ﻛﻨﺎر ﺳﻮاﺣﻞ ﺟﺰﻳﺮه ﻛﺘﻴﺮا)روﺳﺘﺎي ‪( Avlemonas‬در ﺟﻨﻮب‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﭘﻠﻮﭘﻮﻧﺰ ﻏﺮق ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺷﺒﺨﺘﺎﻧﻪ ‪ ،‬اﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﺤﻤﻮﻟﻪ ارزﺷﻤﻨﺪ اﻳﻦ ﻛﺸﺘﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‪ :‬ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫﺎي از ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪ زﻳﻨﺘﻲ)ﻓﺮﻳﺰ‪،‬ﺑﺎﻛﺘﻴﺒﻪ‬ ‫اراﺳﺘﻦ‪ (..‬ﻣﻌﺒﺪ ﭘﺎرﺗﻨﻮن و ﻣﻌﺒﺪ اﻟﻬﻪ ﻧﻴﻜﻪ در آﺗﻦ‪ ،‬ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫﺎﻳﻲ از ﻣﺠﺴﻤﻪ ﻫﺎ ‪،‬ﻳﻚ ﺗﺨﺖ ﻣﺮﻣﺮي وﺳﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻮد‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻏﻮاﺻﺎن ﻛﺎﻟﻴﻨﻮﺳﻲ)ﺟﺰﻳﺮه اي واﻗﻊ در ﻣﺠﻤﻊ اﻟﺠﺰاﻳﺮ دودﻛﺎﻧﺰ در ﻳﻮﻧﺎن( ﻛﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻟﺮد اﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬

‫ﻛﺮده ﺑﻮد ﻧﺠﺎت ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺮاﺳﻜﻨﺪري‪.‬ﺳﻴﺪ ﻣﺤﻤﻮد‪.‬ﺗﺎرﻳﺨﭽﻪ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺎن ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ زﻳﺮ آب‪.‬ﻧﺸﺮﻳﻪ ﻫﺴﺘﻪ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ داﻧﺸﺠﻮﻳﺎن داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖ ﻣﺪرس ‪. 1379‬‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺖ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ دﻫﺨﺪا ‪http://loghatnaameh.org :‬‬ ‫‪file:///E:/underwater%20archaeology%20in%20facebook/2011_402459.htm‬‬

‫واﻣﺎ ﺧﺒﺮ ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﺷﺪه در اﻳﻦ ﺑﺎره در ﭼﻨﺪ روز اﺧﻴﺮ ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺑﻘﺎﻳﺎي ﻛﺸﺘﻲ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﻛﺘﻴﺒﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﻣﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﺒﺪ »ﭘﺎرﺗﻨﻮن« ﭘﺲ از دو ﻗﺮن ﻛﺸﻒ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ‪..‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﺰارش ﺧﺒﺮﮔﺰاري داﻧﺸﺠﻮﻳﺎن اﻳﺮان )اﻳﺴﻨﺎ(‪ ،‬روز ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻳﻜﻲ از ﻣﻘﺎﻣﺎت وزارت ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ و ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮي‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮر اروﭘﺎﻳﻲ »ﻳﻮﻧﺎن« اﻋﻼم ﻛﺮد ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺎﻧﺸﻨﺎﺳﺎن زﻳﺮآﺑﻲ ﭘﺲ از ﺳﺎﻟﻬﺎ ﺗﻼش ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺸﻒ ﺑﻘﺎﻳﺎي ﻛﺸﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﻬﻮر »ﻣﻨﺘﻮر« ﻛﻪ ﺑﺨﺸﻲ از ﻛﺘﻴﺒﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﻣﺮﻳﻦ »اﻟﮕﻴﻦ« ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﺒﺪ »ﭘﺎرﺗﻨﻮن« را ﺑﻪ »ﻟﻨﺪن« ﺣﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻲﻛﺮد‪ ،‬ﺷﺪهاﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﮔﺰارش آرﻛﺌﻮﻟﻮژي ﻧﻴﻮز‪ ،‬وزارت ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ و ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮي ﻳﻮﻧﺎن از ذﻛﺮ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻛﺸﻒ ﺑﻘﺎﻳﺎي ﻛﺸﺘﻲ ﻣﻨﺘﻮر ﻛﻪ در‬ ‫ﺳﺎل ‪ 1802‬ﻣﻴﻼدي ﻏﺮق ﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺧﻮدداري ﻛﺮده اﻣﺎ اﻋﻼم ﻛﺮد ﻛﻪ در آﻳﻨﺪه ﻧﺰدﻳﻚ ﻣﺠﺴﻤﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﻣﺮﻳﻦ اﻟﮕﻴﻦ‬ ‫از ﺑﻘﺎﻳﺎي اﻳﻦ ﻛﺸﺘﻲ ﺧﺎرج ﺧﻮاﻫﻨﺪ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺒﺪ »ﭘﺎرﺗﻨﻮن« ﺑﺨﺸﻲ از ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪي ﺗﺎرﻳﺨﻲ »آﻛﺮوﭘﻠﻴﺲ« و ﻳﻜﻲ از آﺛﺎر ﺗﺎرﻳﺨﻲ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺟﻬﺎن اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ در‬ ‫ﻗﺮن ﭘﻨﺠﻢ ﭘﻴﺶ از ﻣﻴﻼد ﻣﺴﻴﺢ )ع( و در ﻋﺼﺮ ﻃﻼﻳﻲ دﻣﻮﻛﺮاﺳﻲ آﺗﻦ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪهاﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺴﻤﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﻣﺮﻳﻦ اﻟﮕﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ دﻫﻪ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻳﻚ دﻳﭙﻠﻤﺎت اﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ از »ﻳﻮﻧﺎن« ﺑﻪ »اﻧﮕﻠﻴﺲ« ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺷﺪهاﻧﺪ و از ﺳﺎﻟﻬﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ در »ﻣﻮزهي ﺑﺮﻳﺘﺎﻧﻴﺎ« ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ و ﺑﺎرﻫﺎ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻻن ﻣﻮزهي آﻛﺮوﭘﻠﻴﺲ ﻛﻪ ﻳﻜﻲ از‬ ‫ﻣﺪرنﺗﺮﻳﻦ و ﺑﺰرگﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻮزهﻫﺎي ﺟﻬﺎن اﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺧﻮاﺳﺘﺎر ﻋﻮدت آﻧﻬﺎ ﺷﺪه و اﻓﺘﺘﺎح آﻧﺮا را ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺎزﮔﺸﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺴﻤﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﻣﺮﻳﻦ اﻟﮕﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺄﺧﻴﺮ اﻧﺪاﺧﺘﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ آﻧﻜﻪ ﺳﺮاﻧﺠﺎم اﻋﻼم ﺷﺪ‪ ،‬دوﻟﺖ ﻳﻮﻧﺎن ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮاي‬ ‫ﺑﺮﮔﺮداﻧﺪن اﻳﻦ ﻣﺠﺴﻤﻪﻫﺎ از ﻣﻮزهي ﺑﺮﻳﺘﺎﻧﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﺶ از ﭘﻨﺞﺳﺎل ﺻﺒﺮ ﻛﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫در ﺳﺎلﻫﺎي ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮزهي ﺑﺮﻳﺘﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﺑﺪﻟﻴﻞ آﻧﭽﻪ آن را ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ اﻣﻨﻴﺘﻲ ﻣﻮزهﻫﺎي ﻳﻮﻧﺎن ﻣﻲداﻧﺴﺖ‪ ،‬از‬ ‫ﺑﺮﮔﺮداﻧﺪن ﻣﺠﺴﻤﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﻣﺮﻳﻦ اﻟﮕﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻮﻧﺎن ﺧﻮدداري ﻛﺮد‪ ،‬وﻟﻲ ﺑﺎ وﺟﻮد ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪن ﻣﻮزهي آﻛﺮوﭘﻠﻴﺲ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ ﻳﻜﻲ از ﻣﺪرنﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻮزهﻫﺎي ﺟﻬﺎن اﺳﺖ و ﻃﺒﻘﻪي ﺳﻮم آن ﺑﺮاي ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ اﻳﻦ ﻣﺠﺴﻤﻪﻫﺎ اﺧﺘﺼﺎص ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻫﻴﭻ ﺑﻬﺎﻧﻪاي ﺑﺮاي ﭘﺲ ﻧﺪادن اﻳﻦ آﺛﺎر از ﺳﻮي ﻣﻮزهي ﺑﺮﻳﺘﺎﻧﻴﺎ وﺟﻮد ﻧﺪاﺷﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪http://khabarfarsi.com/ext/941752‬‬

A range of artefacts from the ship and crew were recovered from around the cabin area of the wreck

Wood from the hull was revealed during underwater excavations.

Two pistols were recovered. This one is encrusted with fragments of wine bottles.

Source: file:///E:/underwater%20archaeology%20in%20facebook/2011_402459.htm