Mass Dweling

06 Mass Dwelling

Mass Dwelling.

Tijuana/Tecate, MX. Architecture Studio 4A: Social Housing Instructor: Marcel Sanchez Prieto Looking at the map it can be easy to identify the main commercial zones of the city as they are less dense than the predominant residential areas. These areas expand on a corridor that runs from west to east, from the San Ysidro border to the industrial park in Otay. The concentration of businesses vary along this curve and from here, all the income made by upper, middle, and lower class workers is reflected on the zones these people reside as such wealth vanishes away from the hills of Zona Rio to the outer most segregated zones of Tijuana.

The rapid growth of jobs for lower class people provided by

the big international manufacturing companies that come to the city and settle, has negative repercutions in the manner new residential developments are planned as development companies have to keep up with the resulting growing population of Tijuana.

In creating the new dwelling cities for the fast growing working class in the outskirts of the urbanized territories one has to understand first all the elements needed to project a and urbanize a city practically from scratch, always evolving in accordance with the dwelers necessities.

Studio �A

tration of businesses vary along this curve and from there, all the income made by upper, middle, and lower class workers is reflected on the zones these people reside as such wealth vanishes away from the hills of Zona Rio to the outer most segregated zones of Tijuana.

Urban Block: Form as a sociopolitical urban act of making

Mass Dwelling 07

Important economic zones of Tijuana Playas de Tijuana

Playas de Tijuana is the westernmost districts of the city of Tijuana. It contains all the beaches of the city of Tijuana and several commercial establishments. It is one of the exit routes towards the port of Ensenada. In the past few years, this part of the city has grown to be ground of large residential development projects for middle class citizens.

Volumes represent the salary and concentration of labor in the main zones of the city.

Lines represent the distribution of wealth in the different zones of the city.

Mesa de Otay

Otay is considered another district of the city of Tijuana.

Located on a plateau, this part of the city consists of several middle and lower class residential areas, markets, small businesses and is where the state university and the airport are located. The district is bisected

by Bulevar Industrial which leaves to the most important source of income for the city of Tijuana, the industrial park, which contains factories from all over the world and provides jobs for a great part of the city’s lower class population.

La Cinco y Diez

La Cinco y Diez, is another important commercial zone of the city. Along Bulevar Gustavo Diaz Ordas (an extension of Bulevar Aguacaliente) there are several small malls, markets, swap meets, public hospitals, and shops. Most of the businesses located in this area provide income mainly to lower and middle class citizens of Tijuana.

Zona Rio (East)

Continuing soth east on Zona Rio is where most of the tallest buildings in the city are located, housing the most impoirtant and financially successfull companies, Hotels, and Medical Centers of the city of Tijuana.Jobs in this area are mostly for upper and middle class citizens. On the hills running parallel to zona rio is where most upper class residencial areas are located.

Zona Rio

Zona Rio is the main location of the service industry and culture.

Several restaurants, shops, malls, and cultural centers are located along the strip that runs parallel to the Tijuana River.

Zona Centro

Zona Centro is one of the oldest parts of the city. A major attracting point for tourists, specially coming from the Unites States.

Designated as the downtown area of the city in which small companies, doctors, small restaurants and miscellaneous stores provide income for mostly middle and lower class citizens.

Joseph I. Ruiz Tapia

Studio �A

Folded Density Taking the waving effect of a song in 16 second intervals a series of graphs are generated and accommodated inside a square. Through a series of procedures, the square and the graphs are scored and folded by triangles that at the end give as result a smaller square, in which the overlapping of the graphs becomes a system to decide what is solid and what is void.

Geometry

System

Figure/Ground Propostion 30% Solid

Phase1 Formations /Assignmet 1 2D Figurations Transformative drawings of EXTREME POROSITY

30% Solid

Formation 1 MAX. BUILD AREA (COS) FAR (CUS) MAX. VOLUME AREA APROX. # OF DWELLINGS APROX. # OF INHABITANTS

36% 3.0 51812m3 375 1500

OPEN SPACE

3554m2

WALL SURFACE AREA

6197m2

ROOF SURFACE AREA

10449m2

FLOOR SURFACE AREA

15198m2

Formation 1 MAX. BUILD AREA (COS) FAR (CUS) MAX. VOLUME AREA APROX. # OF DWELLINGS APROX. # OF INHABITANTS

82% 5.4 92100m3 667 2668

OPEN SPACE

1004m2

WALL SURFACE AREA

8705m2

ROOF SURFACE AREA

7726m2

FLOOR SURFACE AREA

26095m2

Formation 1 MAX. BUILD AREA (COS) FAR (CUS) MAX. VOLUME AREA APROX. # OF DWELLINGS APROX. # OF INHABITANTS OPEN SPACE

Figure Ground Pattern 1 Geometry Phase1 Formations /Assignmet 1 2D Figurations Transformative drawings of EXTREME POROSITY

System

Figure/Ground Propostion 15% Figure 85% Ground 1.5% Solid Area

THE THE PROCESS PROCESS

Looking at the map it can be easy to identify the main commercial zones of the city as they are less dense than the predominant residential areas. These areas expand on a corridor that runs from west to east, from the San Ysidro border to the industrial park in Otay. The concentration of businesses vary along this curve and from here, all the income made by upper, middle, and lower class workers is reflected on the zones these people reside as such wealth vanishes away from the hills of Zona Rio to the outer most segregated zones of Tijuana.

The rapid growth of jobs for lower class people provided by the big international manufacturing companies that come to the city and settle, has negative repercutions in the manner new residential developments are planned as development companies have to keep up with the resulting growing population of Tijuana.

In creating the new dwelling cities for the fast growing working class in the outskirts of the urbanized territories one has to understand first all the elements needed to project a and urbanize a city practically from scratch, always evolving in accordance with the dwelers necessities.

EXTRACTION EXTRACTION OF OF PATTERN PATTERN

06 Mass Dwelling Urban Block: Form as a sociopolitical urban act of making

86% 2.5 43005m3 311 1244 933m2

WALL SURFACE AREA

9635m2

ROOF SURFACE AREA

4800m2

FLOOR SURFACE AREA

9643m2

Pattern

The lines that form the hexagons were utilized as guides do divide and define the different levels of the terrain while the squared geometries designate the green areas and lines of flows and access into the living units.

Extraction of the Pattern

Organizing the terrain in a series of platforms resulting form the combination of the grade of the site and the polygonal pattern, helps to inform the location of the living units, flow networks, green areas, and open spaces.

Resulting Grading

At the same time the process of levelling and grading is facilitates taking advantage of the existing natural grade.

Existing Topography

Figure Ground Pattern 2

The Terrain has a slope that results in a difference of six meters from the highest to the lowest point of it.

This provides the opportunity to locate a parking structure under the housing platform located at that lowest corner.

Mass Dwelling 07 MAX. BUILD AREA (COS)

50%

FAR (CUS) MAX. VOLUME AREA

PROLIFERATION PROLIFERATION OF OF SCHEME SCHEME 11

Formation 1 1.3 26379m3

APROX. # OF DWELLINGS

160

APROX. # OF INHABITANTS

640

OPEN SPACE

2760m2

WALL SURFACE AREA

5843m2

ROOF SURFACE AREA

5544m2

FLOOR SURFACE AREA

4458m2

Formation 1 MAX. BUILD AREA (COS)

40%

FAR (CUS) MAX. VOLUME AREA

1.5 34013m3

APROX. # OF DWELLINGS

250

APROX. # OF INHABITANTS

MAX. VOLUME AREA APROX. # OF DWELLINGS APROX. # OF INHABITANTS OPEN SPACE

WALL SURFACE AREA

7382m2

250

ROOF SURFACE AREA

5037m2

1000

FLOOR SURFACE AREA

8833m2

34013m3

FAR 1.5

3258m2

1000

OPEN SPACE

3258m2

WALL SURFACE AREA

7382m2

ROOF SURFACE AREA

5037m2

FLOOR SURFACE AREA

8833m2

Formation 1 MAX. BUILD AREA (COS)

25%

FAR (CUS) MAX. VOLUME AREA

5.8 113923m3

APROX. # OF DWELLINGS

713

APROX. # OF INHABITANTS OPEN SPACE

2852 4174m2

WALL SURFACE AREA

17203m2

ROOF SURFACE AREA

17474m2

FLOOR SURFACE AREA

31376m2

MAX. VOLUME AREA APROX. # OF DWELLINGS

THE THE RESULT RESULT

DENSITY DENSITY && TECTONICS TECTONICS

APROX. # OF INHABITANTS OPEN SPACE

Points of Density

51812m3

WALL SURFACE AREA

1976m2

375

ROOF SURFACE AREA

10449m2

1500

FLOOR SURFACE AREA

15198m2

FAR 3.0

3554m2

One of the study models serves as a detonator to manage density.

Its pyramidal typology informs the dense areas of the housing complex and provides the units with better visibility.

Fracture and Volume

Another strategy extracted from the chosen model was the linear fracture of the mass. This allows for the creation of flow lines that absorb natural light and ventilation.

Liberating the ground floor by creating vertical density gives place to the accommodation of commercial, public, and recreational spaces at street level.

The combination of the different geometries that depart from the two figure ground studies produces a malleable mass informed by the different strategies used in the study models. This affects how terms of densification, fracturation, porosity, and linearity provide shape and program. In this manner, landscapes, transportation and access arteries, and different spatial qualities modify the way residents interact with the complex and with each other.

06 Mass Dwelling

Studio �A

In the creation of the new cities, intensification of infrastructure and density specifically the city of the working men, there has to be a thorough understanding of the comprehensive character that such territory demands. This process should be driven by the most essential elements that holds a more complex concept together. Understanding elements of geography, site context, aesthetics, form, and program will become an obsolete task if at the end these components do not tight back to the most important and basic of all, the user.

Further more than manipulating complex geometries and incorporating bioclimatic factors there has to be a real understanding of the human nature and how individuals coexist primarily with their fellow human beings, and secondarily with all the other external/natural elements.

From there that the different elements that constitute the city should be subjected to the form in which these individuals perceive, understand, and make use of the resulting spaces. From that manner, the new urban tissue emerges from the hybridization of dwelling, public spaces, flow networks, and economic sectors that recognize the user as the node that puts them all together.

Terraces

Circulation

Green Space

Ground Level Open Spaces

Commercial/Communal Units

Movement/Agglomeration of People During the Day

Site Plan

Mass Dwelling 07

4%

FAR 1.3

Working 25% Parking

71% Living

Rental Youth

Ownership

Seniors

Subsidized Private/ Dwelling

Adults Private

Public

Commercial

Plaza Large and open communal spaces surrounded by programs like commerce, recreative, administration, or religious. This allows for freedom of speech and political stances to be taken.

Stair Searing Amphitheater seating located at the edges of the different plazas and parks where people can socialize, rest, and enjoy different recreational activities.

Walkable Streets Cutting through the mass of the housing structures allows for an interaction between cross neighbors as well as it establishes a connection between the back and front open spaces of the complex, flow networks that are exclusive for the pedestrian.

Sports Courts Providing recreational spaces is extremely important for the moral and physical heath of the community.

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Figure Ground & Land Use

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06 Mass Dwelling

Section Cut 1

Section Cut 2

Studio �A

Mass Dwelling 07

06 Mass Dwelling

Studio �A

9.23 2.15

5.38 4.48

Un

Unit A

12.23

Shotgun Angle (2 Bedroom) Bedroom 1 11.90 Bedroom 2 8.18

Toilet 1 Total

L An Bedr Bedr

2.29 48.07

14.23 13.21

3.86

4.48

5.38

3.21

Unit B

Shotgun Angle (3 Bedroom) 8.22 Bedroom 1 8.17 Bedroom 2 7.11 Bedroom 3

11.23

Un Toilet 1 Toilet 2 Total

Shot Bedr Bedr

15.26

1.68 2.27 57.98

10.23

2.15

11.09 1.15 2.87

5.38 UP

2.27

4.48

3.56

Un

Unit C

Shotgun Angle (2 Bedroom) 11.8 Bedroom 1 8.17 Bedroom 2

13.23

Toilet 1 Total

Shot Bedr Bedr

2.29 52.55

6.75 1.92

9.65

5.38 4.48 5.38

Unit D

9.74

Small Shotgun Angle (2 Bedroom) 6.37 Bedroom 1 6.12 Bedroom 2

Un Toilet 1 Total

Shot Bedr Bedr

3.02 36.90

5.24 8.06 2.42

6.65 4.48

6.98

2.06

2.5 5.81

2.5

4.08

Unit E 7.91

L Angle (2 Bedroom) Bedroom 1 Bedroom 2

7.12 6.02

Toilet 1 Total

7.21

1.88 43.24

Un 3.49

Living Units Floor Plans

J An Bedr Bedr Bedr

Mass Dwelling 07 3.8

2.5 8.67

2.5

nit F

ngle Mirror (2 Bedroom) room 1 9.07 room 2 8.97

7.56 Toilet 1 Total

1.35 43.25

2.58

7.61

Unit K

Kinked Angle (3 Bedroom) Bedroom 1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3

6.98

6.08 5.57 5.17

Toilet 1 Toilet 2 Total

2.16 1.89 55.21

8.40 8.92

Toilet 1 Toilet 2 Total

2.54 1.86 55.83

Toilet 1 Toilet 2 Total

1.76 1.54 56.22

nit G

tgun Long Angle (2 Bedroom) 11.88 room 1 7.85 room 2

Toilet 1 Total

1.68 7.94

5.47 8.39

4.48

3.49

nit H

tgun Rectangle (2 Bedroom) 8.89 room 1 6.12 room 2

5.47 Toilet 1 Total

2.63 39.45

8.39

Unit L

J Angle (2 Bedroom) Bedroom 1 Bedroom 2

3.49

nit I

tgun Diamond (2 Bedroom) 10.77 room 1 7.72 room 2

4.48 Toilet 1 Total

1.48 43.18

5.47

4.48

6.48

Unit M

nit J

ngle (3 Bedroom) room 1 room 2 room 3

3.49

7.29 7.29 6.24

Toilet 1 Toilet 2 Total

2.02 1.92 51.32

Shotgun Angle (3 Bedroom) Bedroom 1 8.03 Bedroom 2 6.44 Bedroom 3 5.78

06 Mass Dwelling

Studio �A

Mass Dwelling 07

06 Mass Dwelling

Overall Wood Physical Model

Studio �A

Mass Dwelling 07

Sectional Model of Building Portion