FEATURE
Disrupting bacteria communication Apart from the direct gut bacteria modification and immune effect, new recent studies have demonstrated the effect of some bacteria belonging to Bacillus spp. to disrupt bacteria communication, a fact that can explain some of the effects of probiotics based on this bacterium. It has been described that there is a communication between gut bacteria, called ‘quorum sensing’ that allows bacteria to get a consensus on whether the intestinal environment has been effectively colonised before making the energetic investment required for the initiation of their metabolic response to colonize or infect the host (by producing toxins, adherence factors). In particular, some gram-negative bacteria typical from the gastrointestinal tract (Yersinia, E. Coli, Salmonella) produce specific kinds of molecules (N-acyl-homoserinelactones). These molecules are not only produced but also recognised by these bacteria, giving to them the possibility to know when the population has reached the optimal population level to start animal host infection. When this threshold level is reached, enteropathogens start inducing the expression of some specific genes that express for invasion and infective factors. In this way, bacteria belonging to this group, guarantee the most suitable time to
start gut colonisation and invade host to succeed in host infection to cause damage. In particular, different in vitro trials run by Rubinum SA in collaboration with CRESA, have demonstrated that B. cereus var. toyoi has an effect against the gut colonisation by some potential gut enteropathogens, such as
between them. This new information opens a new concept in the probiotic´s mode of action studies. Taking this in mind, the use of one probiotic with this ability may be helpful in some specific situations –in those situations in which we want not only to reduce the amount of these specific
"The use of one probiotic with this ability may be helpful in some specific situations –in those situations in which we want not only to reduce the amount of these specific enteropathogens in the gut, but also to avoid the potential of these bacteria to invade gut epithelium and therefore animal body"
Yersinia and Salmonella spp by destroying the chemical substances cited above. It seems therefore that probiotics are not only able to directly modify gut specific bacteria populations and profile host immune response, but also they can interrupt the way used by enteropathogens to communicate
enteropathogens in the gut, but also to avoid the potential of these bacteria to invade gut epithelium and therefore animal body. More Information: Website: www.rubinum.es
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September - October 2012 | 21