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Berit Haugnes Bromseth • Lisbeth Wigdahl
New FLIGHT 1 TEXTBOOK
© J.W. Cappelens Forlag AS, Oslo 2006 Materialet i denne publikasjonen er omfattet av åndsverklovens bestemmelser. Uten særskilt avtale med Cappelen Damm AS er enhver eksemplarframstilling og tilgjengeliggjøring bare tillatt i den utstrekning det er hjemlet i lov eller tillatt gjennom avtale med Kopinor, interesseorgan for rettighetshavere til åndsverk. Utnyttelse i strid med lov eller avtale kan medføre erstatningsansvar og inndragning, og kan straffes med bøter eller fengsel. New Flight 1–3 følger læreplanene for Kunnskapsløftet i faget engelsk og er laget til bruk på grunnskolens ungdomstrinn. Grafisk formgiver: Mette Lund Damsleth Omslagsdesign: Séan Brewer Omslagsbilde: Scanpix Illustratør: Cecilie Okada Bilderedaktør: Una Thoresen Dimola Forlagsredaktør: Hege Rødahl Scarpellino Sats: Ellipse AS Repro: RenessanseMedia AS Trykk/innbinding: Livonia Print SIA, Latvia 2010 Utgave 1 Opplag 3 ISBN 978-82-02-23690-8 www.cappelendamm.no http://newflight.cappelendamm.no
CONTENTS p. 7
Chapter 1 Day by day
A-text: First day p. 10 B-text: School life p. 13 C-text: Bradley’s tough spot p. 18 D-text: That’s life! p. 25 p. 29
Chapter 2 Our four-legged friends
A-text: From Jim’s diary p. 32 B-text: Only two were left p. 37 C-text: A mini-history of cats p. 42
p. 45
Chapter 3 Two big cities
A-text: Tourists – watch out! p. 48 B-text: Find your way in London p. 51 C-text: Manhattan – the heart of New York p. 56 D-text: There’s people and then there’s people p. 60
p. 65
Chapter 4 Eat and enjoy!
A-text: Surprise at the restaurant p. 68 B-text: Holiday food and traditions p. 71 C-text: How to eat fried worms p. 78 D-text: I’ll have a hamburger p. 82
p. 87
Chapter 5 Just fantasy?
A-text: Just fantasy – or what? p. 90 B-text: The shoemaker and the elves p. 94 C-text: A visit to the fantasy world p. 100 D-text: Spider-Man p. 103 p. 109
Chapter 6 What an idea!
A-text: Inventors and their ideas p. 112 B-text: Just like flying p. 115 C-text: Mary Quant – the queen of mini-skirts p. 119 D-text: The great gum machine p. 124 p. 129
Chapter 7 Watch out!
A-text: Here is the news! p. 132 B-text: The girls p. 136 C-text: A sad day at Columbine High School p. 143 D-text: The pearl ring p. 146 p. 153
Chapter 8 Down under
A-text: The land of the long white cloud p. 156 B-text: An Aussie in Norway p. 159 C-text: Exploring New Holland p. 165 D-text: The Ned Kelly story p. 171 Glossary p. 180 Wordlist p. 194 Key to phonetic symbols p. 206
Welcome to New Flight 1! Have a look at your new textbook – hopefully, you will find many interesting and exciting texts in it! New Flight 1 Textbook has 8 different chapters, and each chapter has a theme: school, crime, fantasy and others. Maybe you will work with some of these themes in other subjects, too, like Norwegian, Geography, Social Studies etc. Most of the chapters have texts numbered A, B, C, and D. You may think that some of them look a bit difficult, but not all pupils need to read all the texts! Also, some of the texts can be read in class simply for your pleasure and information. There are two headings in front of each chapter: Culture and Literature. Culture means that you will learn different things about life in English-speaking countries, for example about their schools, big cities, the natives of these countries and so on. This year you will learn about various themes related to Great Britain, the USA, Australia and New Zealand. Literature means the different genres or types of literature that you will find in each chapter. You will for example find a fairy tale, an article, an interview, poems and other genres in chapter 5. At the back of the book there is a glossary for each chapter and an alphabethical wordlist, but you may need to look up other words – so keep your dictionary handy! We hope New Flight 1 Textbook will help you understand, speak and read English better – and have fun at the same time!
5
Chapter 1 Day by day
Chapter
6
What an idea!
In this chapter: Culture
Literature
• Early rail transport in Great Britain • Fashion in the 1960s
• • • • • • •
Articles Dramatization Excerpt from a novel Poems Song Joke Comic strip
Here are some examples of inventions from different times. Did they change people’s lives in any way? Why do you think they were designed like they were? Could they have had a different appearance?
a chair
a wheel
a plane
matches
an umbrella a shoe
cups
A
How would you describe an inventor? What makes people come up with new ideas?
Inventors and their ideas Inventors come in all shapes and sizes, just like the things they have designed. There are no special requirements for being an inventor: Children have invented things and so have elderly people. All it takes is a good idea and some willpower to do something about it. Ideas can come to you any time and anywhere and not necessarily when you want them to! Things were often invented because there was a need for them. 14year-old Martin Jolette from Canada was not very fond of wearing a woolly hat to school, so when he woke up one February morning and found the temperature to be –30°C, he had a problem. He did not want his ears to freeze to ice! He decided to solve his problem: He took a pair of old earphones, insulated them and installed heaters that ran on batteries. Instead of a woolly hat, he could now wear “heated ear-muffs”! What do you do if you want to correct something written in pen in your homework? Cross it out? Bette N. Graham often made mistakes in her work. She was a typist, but she was not very good at it. To cover up her mistakes, she invented “Liquid Paper”, a white correction fluid that dried quickly and enabled her to write on top of it – correctly this time. You can probably see several bottles of correction fluid around you now, thanks to a typist who made a lot of mistakes. An invention does not necessarily have to be very complicated. The important thing is that it works and is useful. Little Katie Harding, 5 years old, did not like walking to the school bus on dark and rainy winter mornings. She kept stepping into muddy puddles because she could not see them, and so did her brother, who always walked with her and held the umbrella over them. Katie’s simple, but brilliant, idea was to fasten a flashlight to the umbrella. The “muddy puddle spotter” was born. When we talk about inventions, we usually mention the “big” ones, like the car, the telephone, radio, TV, the computer, the DVD player. They have changed our lives in so many ways, and it is hard to imagine being without them. But if you look around, you will find count-
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less things that must have been made for the first time at some point: the shoes you are wearing, the paper this book is printed on, the ballpoint pen you write with. These are just as important to us. Small mechanical tools, like the tin opener, are usually called gadgets. Not all gadgets are useful, though. Some of them are invented more for the fun of it, like the box with a switch on top of the lid. When you touch the switch to turn it on, the box opens and a mechanical arm pops up and turns the switch off again! And how about nappies for a parrot, a car safety belt for the dog or glasses for the cat? Nothing is impossible for a creative mind; no task is too small or too big! The next time something irritates you because it doesn’t work exactly the way you want it to – do something about it! Things that have been invented can always be improved. New ideas can always be found. If you fail, that’s OK. Then you know what does not work! Somewhere out there, there is a new device just waiting to be invented – by you?
Let’s talk! 1 Why did Martin Jolette invent his heated ear-muffs? How did he design them? 2 Who invented the first type of correction fluid? 3 Why do you think she called it “Liquid Paper”? 4 Explain how the “muddy puddle spotter” worked. 5 What is a gadget? 6 Can you think of any other weird gadgets besides the ones mentioned in the text? 7 Which invention do you think is the greatest ever made? Why?
Work with words 1 How many “technical” words can you find in this text? Examples: earphones, device 2 Find the Norwegian word for a willpower b a woolly hat c liquid d a muddy puddle e countless f nappies
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Fun to know
A good idea? This is how the artist Rube Goldberg made fun of all the useless inventions that overflowed the market. He made his point, didn’t he?
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It is 27 September 1825. Mrs Moffat, her daughter Emily (16) and her son Arthur (8) are standing in a huge crowd of people, stretching their necks and waiting for something special to happen.
B
Just like flying Emily:
Mrs Moffat:
Arthur: Emily:
Mrs Moffat: Arthur:
Mrs Moffat:
Emily:
Mrs Moffat:
I wonder what it’s like, The Locomotion. Oh, I wish that man in front of me would move so I could see better! We could try to move up a wee bit, I suppose. Look, there’s an empty spot right there, next to that old woman with the food basket. Come on, children! Fancy us being here today! It looks like the whole world is here, actually! The whole world, you silly! The world is much more than the Darlington area, I’d say! You’re right about one thing, though – there are a lot of people here. I’ve heard some of them have been walking for days to get here in time! You don’t say! I have heard that this grand machine is like a horse, only that it’s made of iron. Do you think that could be true? Don’t be daft. How could you make an iron horse run, I ask you? They only call it The Iron Horse because it’s supposed to do the work of a horse, you see. Pulling wagons of coal and such. Well, there will be people in some of the wagons today. They have even built a posh coach for all the important guests that are coming – “Experiment”, it’s called. Look, there it is! I can see the letters clearly printed on the side! Oh, I wish we could go too, mum! Can we? I really don’t think it would be safe. If the good God had wanted us to ride with steam machines, why did He give us two feet?
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Suddenly there is a hissing noise of escaping steam, and people are cheering. Some people are jumping backwards, scared by the unfamiliar sound. Mrs Moffat: Sounds just like a snake to me, it does! No, this cannot be right. Arthur: Look, she’s about to start! Oh mum, what harm can it do to go for a ride? Come on, let’s join the other people and get on! Emily: Yes, come on! Hurry up, or we’ll be too late! There’s a small wagon there – let’s climb into it! Mrs Moffat: Come back here this instant, do you hear me! Come back! Oh, it’s no use. Well, well, old girl, it seems you are going to have a ride on the railway too. There is no way I will leave my children alone on that dangerous thing! Mrs Moffat, Emily and Arthur have made it to one of the smaller wagons. They climb into it, along with some other people. There is a thunder-like sound as the wheels start turning, and you can see smoke coming up from the tall chimney on the locomotive in front.
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The Locomotion is rolling. 32 kilometres later, the train arrives at Stockton. All along the route, people have been climbing on – which is possible, since the train has a top speed of 24 kph – and now there are 650 people enjoying the ride. Emily:
Oh, isn’t this just marvellous! What a speed! It’s just like flying! I suppose my cheeks are all rosy from the wind and fresh air? Mrs Moffat: More like dirty, lass. All this smoke and all the dust! No, I’m quite sure this isn’t healthy at all. Arthur: Listen, mum! What is that sound? Mrs Moffat: Music playing? Emily: Oh my! See, there is a band down there! They’re playing the national anthem! And look at that crowd of people waiting for us. There must be thousands and thousands waving their hats and scarves! Mum! Mum? Are you crying? Mrs Moffat: Of course not. Don’t be silly. I just, well – it is grand, isn’t it? Emily: It surely is. Listen – the church bells are ringing! I can’t wait to tell dad about this – he’ll never believe us!
Let’s talk!
Work with words
1 Describe what Mrs Moffat and her children saw and heard before they went on the train. 2 How did Mrs Moffat feel about trains? Why do you think she felt that way? 3 Do you think she changed her mind after the ride? 4 How has the design of the train changed since 1825?
1 The Moffat family is from Northern England. Some of the words they use are typical of that area. What would you say instead of these words? a wee b daft c lass d grand 2 What is the opposite of these words? a empty b true c pull d safe
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Perfect safety? A new, computer run train was going to be tried out for the first time. As the train started to move, almost 500 people heard this message over the loudspeaker:
“Ladies and gentlemen! There is no crew on this train, but don’t worry. The whole system is fully computerised and automated with the latest developments in modern technology. You will be transported to Southern California at a speed of more than two hundred miles an hour in perfect safety. Every single operation has been tested and re-tested. There is not the slightest chance that anything can go wrong … anything can go wrong … go wrong …”
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Fashion clothes used to be made for the rich and famous only. Then, in the 1960s, a young female designer introduced the world to fashion clothes and accessories that everybody could afford.
C
Mary Quant – the queen of mini-skirts Mary Quant was born in London in 1934, but because of the constant bombing of the city during World War II, her family moved to Kent when she was a little girl. She always was a curious person and remembers running about with her brother Tony to look for treasures in the many war planes that had crashed in the area or doing some other kind of mischief. When the weather was bad, she stayed at home sewing. Even as a girl she knew that making clothes was what she wanted to do most of all. Once when she was about six years old and in bed with measles, she took a pair of nail scissors and cut her bedspread into pieces because she wanted to rearrange the colours of it. She could just picture those bright colours in the design of a wild dress! When time came for her to choose a career, she clearly knew what she wanted to do. Her parents, who were both teachers, wanted her to choose a practical and “useful” line of work, but Mary was insistent that she wanted to go to art school. So, the next years of her life she spent at Goldsmith’s College of Art in London. There she met Alexander Plunket Greene, who later became her husband and her business partner. Together with a friend named Archie McNair, Mary
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and Alexander decided to go into business and open a boutique in London. They found a suitable place in London’s artist district, Chelsea, and soon after Bazaar opened its doors to the first customers. The “Chelsea look” was soon to be born. While searching for clothes to sell, Mary Quant discovered that manufacturers did not really make the kind of clothes she would have wanted to wear. And if she did not want to wear them, she did not want to sell them. There was only one solution to this problem: she had to start producing them herself. She did not have much money for materials, so in the beginning she sewed at night, sold the clothes the next day and bought new material for the money she earned from the sale. Her clothes became very popular and after a while she was able to buy material in larger quantities and hire people to work for her. In less than ten years, her clothing designs were world famous. So, what did Mary like herself and others to wear? What was the “Chelsea look”? Well, basically one could say the design was simple, clean cut, colourful and young. She often used cotton materials, but she also experimented with new materials like PVC, a kind of plastic. There were skinny rib-knit sweaters, bright tights, knee-high boots, big belts worn on the hip and short-short dresses and skirts. Mary Quant felt that the mini-skirt would give more freedom to women, it would “make them able to run after a bus”. She was not the first designer to make skirts shorter, but she was the first one who succeeded in making a fashion trend out of it. She even developed it one step further into “hotpants” in the late 1960s. Soon everybody was wearing mini-outfits: pop stars, actresses, famous people and ordinary people. And everybody could afford to wear this kind of fashion. They were sold not only in Bazaar, but also in large chain-stores and at reasonable prices. Of course, this kind of fashion looked best if you were young and skinny, like she herself was, but most people wore her clothes anyway. “A woman is as young as her knees”, Mary once said. In 1966 she received “The Order of the British Empire” for what she had done for the fashion industry. Nobody raised an eyelid when she arrived at Buckingham Palace to receive her order, wearing a mini-skirt. No trend lasts forever. As mini-skirts went out of fashion, Mary Quant turned to other fields of design: toys, wallpaper, household goods, cosmetics. Today, her business is owned by a Japanese company which continues to produce several things in Mary Quant’s name. The little lady with the short skirts will always be an important part of fashion history.
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Let’s talk! 1 What have you learnt about Mary Quant’s life? 2 Describe her clothing design. 3 How did people react to what Mary Quant wore when she went to Buckingham Palace to receive her order? 4 What do you think Mary Quant meant by “A woman is as young as her knees”? 5 Do you like mini-skirts?
Work with words 1 How many words connected to clothes and fashion can you find in the text? 2 Explain these words in English: a accessories b a customer c chain-stores d skinny e fashion
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It has not always been natural for girls to wear a bikini at the beach – it was far too daring to show off that much skin!
Itsy Bitsy Teenie Weenie Yellow Polka Dot Bikini
She She She She
was was was was
afraid to come out of the locker as nervous as she could be afraid to come out of the locker afraid that somebody would see
(Two three four, tell the people what she wore) It was an Itsy Bitsy Teenie Weenie Yellow Polka Dot Bikini That she wore for the first time today An Itsy Bitsy Teenie Weenie Yellow Polka Dot Bikini So in the locker she wanted to stay (Two three four, stick around we’ll tell you more) She was afraid to come out in the open And so a blanket around her she wore She was afraid to come out in the open And so she sat bundled up on the shore (Two three four, tell the people what she wore) It was an Itsy Bitsy Teenie Weenie Yellow Polka Dot Bikini That she wore for the first time today An Itsy Bitsy Teenie Weenie Yellow Polka Dot Bikini So in the blanket she wanted to stay (Two three four, stick around we’ll tell you more)
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Now she’s afraid to come out of the water And I wonder what she’s gonna do Now she’s afraid to come out of the water And the poor little girl’s turning blue (Two thee four, tell the people what she wore) It was an Itsy Bitsy Teenie Weenie Yellow Polka Dot Bikini That she wore for the first time today An Itsy Bitsy Teenie Weenie Yellow Polka Dot Bikini So in the water she wanted to stay From the locker to the blanket From the blanket to the shore From the shore to the water Guess there isn’t any more Paul J. Vance/Lee Pockriss
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D
Charlie Bucket and four other children, among them chewinggum lover Violet Beauregarde, are lucky enough to be invited inside Mr Willy Wonka’s chocolate factory. Willy Wonka is not like any other factory owner, his factory is not like any other factory, and his products are certainly not like any other kinds of sweets! In this excerpt from “Charlie and the Chocolate Factory”, Roald Dahl gives us the story of Violet Beauregarde’s meeting with a very special chewing-gum!
The great gum machine “This gum,” Mr Wonka went on, “is my latest, my greatest, my most fascinating invention! It’s a chewing-gum meal! It’s … it’s … it’s … that tiny little strip of gum lying there is a whole three-course dinner all by itself!” “What sort of nonsense is this?” said one of the fathers.
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“My dear sir!” cried Mr Wonka, “when I start selling this gum in the shops it will change everything! It will be the end of all kitchens and all cooking! There will be no more shopping to do! No more buying of meat and groceries! There’ll be no knives and forks at mealtimes! No plates! No washing up! No rubbish! No mess! Just a little strip of Wonka’s magic chewing gum – and that’s all you’ll ever need at breakfast, lunch, and supper! This piece of gum I’ve just made happens to be tomato soup, roast beef, and blueberry pie, but you can have almost anything you want!” “What do you mean, it’s tomato soup, roast beef, and blueberry pie!” said Violet Beauregarde. “If you were to start chewing it,” said Mr Wonka, “then that is exactly what you would get on the menu. It’s absolutely amazing! You can actually feel the food going down your throat and into your tummy! And you can taste it perfectly! And it fills you up! It satisfies you. It’s terrific!” “It’s utterly impossible,” said Veruca Salt. “Just as long as it’s gum,” shouted Violet Beauregarde, “just so long as it’s a piece of gum and I can chew it, then that’s for me!” And quickly she took her own world-record piece of chewing-gum out of her mouth and stuck it behind her left ear. “Come on, Mr Wonka,” she said, “hand over this magic gum of yours and we’ll see if the thing works.” “Now, Violet,” said Mrs Beauregarde, her mother; “don’t let’s do anything silly, Violet.” “I want the gum!” Violet said obstinately. “What’s so silly?” “I would rather you didn’t take it,” Mr Wonka told her gently. “You see, I haven’t got it quite right yet. There are still one or two things …” “Oh, to blazes with that!” said Violet, and suddenly, before Mr Wonka could stop her, she shot out a fat hand and grabbed the stick of gum out of the little drawer and popped it into her mouth. At once, her huge, well-trained jaws started chewing away on it like a pair of tongs. “Don’t!” said Mr Wonka. “Fabulous!” shouted Violet. “It’s tomato soup! It’s hot and creamy and delicious! I can feel it running down my throat!” “Stop!” said Mr Wonka. “The gum isn’t ready yet! It’s not right!” “Of course it’s right!” said Violet. “It’s working beautifully! Oh my, what lovely soup this is!”
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“Spit it out!” said Mr Wonka. “It’s changing!” shouted Violet, chewing and grinning both at the same time. “The second course is coming up! It’s roast beef! It’s tender and juicy! Oh boy, what a flavour! The baked potato is marvellous, too! It’s got a crispy skin and it’s all filled with butter inside!” “But how in-teresting, Violet,” said Mrs Beauregarde. “You are a clever girl.” “Keep chewing, baby!” said Mr Beauregarde. “Keep right on chewing! This is a great day for the Beauregardes! Our little girl is the first person in the world to have a chewing-gum meal!” Everybody was watching Violet Beauregarde as she stood there chewing this extraordinary gum. Little Charlie Bucket was staring at her absolutely spellbound, watching her huge rubbery lips as they pressed and unpressed with the chewing, and Grandpa Joe stood beside him, gaping at the girl. Mr Wonka was wringing his hands and saying, “No, no, no, no, no! It isn’t ready for eating! It isn’t right! You mustn’t do it!” “Blueberry pie and cream!” shouted Violet. “Here it comes! Oh my, it’s perfect! It’s beautiful! It’s … it’s exactly as though I’m swallowing it! It’s as though I’m chewing and swallowing great big spoonfuls of the most marvellous blueberry pie in the world!” “Good heavens, girl!” shrieked Mrs Beauregarde suddenly, staring at Violet, “what’s happening to your nose!”
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“Oh, be quiet, mother, and let me finish!” said Violet. “It’s turning blue!” screamed Mrs Beauregarde. “Your nose is turning blue as a blueberry!” “Your mother is right!” shouted Mr Beauregarde. “Your whole nose has gone purple!” “What do you mean?” said Violet, still chewing away. “Your cheeks!” screamed Mrs Beauregarde. “They’re turning blue as well! So is your chin! Your whole face is turning blue!” “Spit that gum out at once!” ordered Mr Beauregarde. “Mercy! Save us!” yelled Mrs Beauregarde. “The girl’s going blue and purple all over! Even her hair is changing colour! Violet, you’re turning violet, Violet! What is happening to you?” “I told you I hadn’t got it quite right,” sighed Mr Wonka, shaking his head sadly. “I’ll say you haven’t!” cried Mrs Beauregarde. “Just look at the girl now!” Everybody was staring at Violet. And what a terrible, peculiar sight she was! Her face and hands and legs and neck, in fact the skin all over her body, as well as her great big mop of curly hair, had turned a brilliant, purplish-blue, the colour of blueberry juice! “It always goes wrong when we come to the dessert,” sighed Mr Wonka. “It’s the blueberry pie that does it. But I’ll get it right one day, you wait and see.” Roald Dahl
Let’s talk!
Work with words
1 Look at the drawing of the great gum machine and try to describe it. 2 What kind of chewing-gum had Willy Wonka invented? 3 How could it save work? 4 What did it taste like? What would you have wanted it to taste like? 5 Describe what happened to Violet while she was chewing the piece of gum.
1 Find the adjectives used to describe the meal Violet had. 2 Do you know any words with the same meaning as these from the text? a tiny b silly c fabulous d extraordinary e peculiar
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Boats sail on the rivers
Boats sail on the rivers, And ships sail on the seas; But clouds that sail across the sky Are prettier far than these. There are bridges on the rivers, As pretty as you please; But the bow that bridges heaven, And overtops the trees, And builds a road from earth to sky, Is prettier far than these. Christina Rossetti
Did you know that… • the first pencil sharpener was made in 1897? It was called the Love Sharpener after the inventor, John Lee Love. • an early form of chewing gum was used by the Maya Indians in Mexico? • George Franklin Grant invented the golf tee in 1898? Before that, golfers used a mixture of dirt and water to build a little mound where they could put the ball. • the question mark used to be marked as a q? This was in the middle ages and the q was short for quaestio, the Latin word for question. Later this q developed into the question mark we know today. • the Arab mathematician and astronomer al-Khwarizmi introduced the number zero – 0 – in the 800s? • the rubber band was invented in 1845? The inventor’s name was Stephen Perry. • In the year 2000 a team of more than 6,000 school children built a LEGO tower which was 24.91 metres tall? 391,478 eight-stud bricks were used to make the tower.
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In this chapter: Culture
Literature
• Unacceptable social behaviour
• • • • • •
Clippings from the press Excerpts from novels Article Poem Song Comic strips
Study the pictures. Do they say anything about the society you know? Talk about it.
Honesty is the best policy.
Think before you speak.
Do unto other s what you wou l like others to d do unto you.
A
Every person has the right to live a life without fear. We should be able to feel safe and protected at school, at work, at home and in our spare time. Unfortunately, this is not the case for many people. Just read these newspaper notices:
Here is the news!
Pickpocket on High Street “I didn’t notice until I was going to pay for my doughnut and coffee.” Len Hughes, 62, was one of the many people who discovered their wallets were missing after visiting the High Street shopping area yesterday. “There were so many people around and I haven’t got a clue as to who this dishonest person might be or even when it happened,” Mr Hughes explains. The police say they have received eleven reports of stolen wallets so far.
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Sorry, no rubbish bins! Tourists travelling on the London Underground have been looking in vain for a rubbish bin in which to throw the wrappings of the chocolate bar they ate while waiting at the station. Well, there are none. “They are a safety risk,” manager Guy Marsden says. “Rubbish bins are perfect places to hide a bomb and with all the terrorism the world is facing today, we just cannot take any chances.”
Hooligans ruin football match Complete chaos was the result of this weekend’s football match between Mansfield and Fulham. When young hooligans started fighting on the terraces and throwing things down onto the football pitch, the referee had no choice but to stop the game. Several people were injured and had to be taken to the hospital.
14-year-old knocked down at school A 14-year-old boy was brutally knocked down by two of his peers at Middletown School yesterday. The two had been bullying the boy for some time before the incident and were angry with him for telling this to their teacher. The 14-year-old was taken to hospital with a fractured arm, bruises and cuts. “We take such incidents very seriously and will follow it up,” says Mrs Laura Peterson, headmistress at Middletown school. “We have a zero tolerance policy towards bullying and violence and will not accept such behaviour.” The case has been reported to the police.
Young shoplifters caught The number of minors caught shoplifting is increasing. Only yesterday two 10-year-olds were stopped trying to leave the bookshop W. H. Smith with magazines and DVDs they had not paid for. According to shop detective Peter McCoy this happens often – “far too often”.
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Let’s talk! 1 What happened to Len Hughes? 2 Do you think it is a good idea not to have rubbish bins to stop somebody 3 4 5 6
from planting bombs in them? What happened at the football match between Mansfield and Fulham? What can teachers and pupils do to prevent incidents like the one at Middletown School? What does shop detective McCoy think about young people shoplifting? Why do some people do stupid things like the ones you have just read about?
Work with words 1 Explain the following words from the text: a dishonest b rubbish bin c hooligan d referee e peers f shoplifter 2 Find adjectives to describe the football match between Mansfield and Fulham.
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There was an old woman There was an old woman of Chester-le-Street Who chased a policeman all over his beat. She shattered his helmet and tattered his clothes And knocked his new spectacles clean off his nose. “I’m afraid,” said the Judge, “I must make it quite clear You can’t get away with that sort of thing here.” “I can and I will,” the old woman she said, “And I don’t give a fig for your water and bread. “I don’t give a hoot for your cold prison cell, And your bolts and your bars and your handcuffs as well. “I’ve never been one to do just as I’m bid. You can put me in jail for a year!” So they did.
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They were a clique of five friends: Maya, Renée, Darcy, Brianna and their always popular leader Candace. One day they were just four. Candace had decided that Maya was no longer “in”, something Maya herself discovered just by accident: One Saturday morning she called around to her friends and got some strange answers when she invited them out. One of the girls’ mothers told her that her daughter had gone to a sleep-over party at Darcy’s. Maya had not been invited to this party. So, Maya spent the day at the amusement park Magic Mountain with her father, her sister Lena and her friend Ann, called “Salt and Pepper”. In many ways she had a good day – until reality caught up with her on the way back.
The girls We’d brought pizza home. Salt and Pepper were hyped up and giddy. Dad was beat. He’d had all the giggling he could stand. The two-hour drive to Magic Mountain had been hard, with Lena and Ann chattering in the backseat. I’d sat up front with my dad, trying to act like nothing was wrong. I hadn’t realized I was biting my nails until I tasted blood and saw that I’d gnawed my fingers raw. Dad probably noticed but he didn’t say anything. He didn’t even complain about my radio station. Somehow, his being so extra nice made me feel extra worse. Waiting in line for the rides, I couldn’t help picturing everyone at Darcy’s house, having fun without me, talking about me. But once we’d taken our places on the first really fast ride, every thought was whipped right out of my head. When Salt and Pepper were ready to puke and Dad said his brain was rattling loose in his skull, they stumbled off in search of snow cones. I got back in line and rode again and again, screaming myself hoarse. Roller coasters are great brain cleaners. The drive home was depressing, though, knowing I was headed back to a world that was just as messed up as it was when I’d left the
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house that morning. I’d tried to tell myself it was all a mistake and there’d be a message on the machine when I got home, saying, “Where are you, Maya? We’re all waiting at Darcy’s!” Or maybe I’d wake up and discover that this was just a really rotten dream. But then I’d swing back to reality with a sickening, Tilt-A-Whirl spin and realize that no, this was not a nightmare, it was my life. Anyway, we were just sitting down to pizza. Momma was telling us about her day. She worked in the emergency room mostly, but sometimes in other parts of the hospital, helping the new Russian immigrants explain their pains to the doctors and nurses, and translating what the doctors and nurses said back. My mother came here from Russia seventeen years ago and remembered how hard it all was in the beginning, so now she tried to make it easier for the newer newcomers. I was proud of the work she did and liked hearing her hospital stories, even though they were often really sad. That day a woman had brought in her little boy, who’d crashed through a glass window and was all cut up. The woman was hysterical. When Momma tried to explain to her that no one would help her son until she’d filled out a bunch of paperwork, the woman went wild blaming my mother! But later, when the surgeon came to say the boy would be okay, Momma and the woman hugged. Just as my mother told us that, the phone rang and I answered it, half expecting it to be that woman from the hospital. A muffled voice said something I couldn’t make out, and I heard laughing in the background.
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I said, “What?” The voice said something else unclear. The words didn’t matter; I suddenly knew who it was. Then Darcy’s voice said, “I just wondered if your mother knew that here in America, dentists can put white caps on teeth instead of gold. You might want to mention that to her. And on the subject of dental hygiene, we were all wondering if you know what mouthwash is. It comes in bottles, usually it’s green …” I dropped the phone onto the cradle. Momma was looking at me. “It was just a crank call,” I mumbled, trying my best to sound casual. “Just some kids.” The phone immediately rang again. None of us moved until it rang a second time. My sister, Lena, grabbed it and said, “Hello?” Then she said, “Okay, I’ll tell her. Bye.” Lena turned to me and said, “Someone said to tell you it’s not nice to hang up on people.” “Who was that?” my mom asked. Lena shrugged. “She didn’t say her name.” Ann tapped my arm. “It’s true, you know. It is rude to hang up on people.” “What happened here?” my mom asked me. “Who was that calling?” I wanted to say, “No one.” Or, “Don’t worry about it, Momma.” Or, “It was a wrong number.” But nothing came out of my mouth. “This was someone you know?” Momma asked. I couldn’t answer. My mom grabbed the phone and dialed the number that reconnects you with the person who just called. I put my head down on the table and died, wondering if I had stinky breath for real. “This is Mrs Koptiev,” Momma barked. “Who is this? … Who? … Well, a call came from you, a mean call.” Then there was silence while she listened. I looked up to watch her face. It was pale with anger. “Well, you tell your sister and those girls that next time, I call the police!” “Keloryn Griffin, sister of Darcy,” Momma said, hanging up. She peered at me. I didn’t look at my dad.
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“I don’t get it,” Lena said. “Me neither,” said Ann. Mom reached for my hand. “These are horrible girls to hurt you.” She shook her head in disbelief. “My Maya they chose for their cruelty?” There was no stopping my tears then. They gushed out and I ran to my room. Behind me I heard Lena whine, “But I don’t GET IT!” Dad told her to hush and eat her pizza. Momma followed me. “They hate me,” I told her. “Hate,” she spat. “Hate from such people means less than nothing.” “I don’t even know what I DID!” I wailed. “Did? You did nothing. This isn’t about did. This is about bad girls being stupid. I would only love to go wring all their stupid necks!”
“How am I ever going to go back to school?” I cried, feeling like I was going to throw up. “How? You just go. You ignore those girls and you’re better without them. This isn’t friends, this is dirt. This is less than dirt.” Momma kept patting my back and trying to rock me. She didn’t understand. Maybe things like this didn’t happen in Russia. Amy Goldman Koss
Each new chapter in this book is written from the point of view of one of the girls. In that way we get to know how each of them feels about what happened. Here are some quotes: Maya: “Candace was popular, and she’d picked me. Suddenly that made me popular too. Renée, Darcy and Brianna were part of the package. And now? Now that Candace had decided I was no longer worthy, did any of them give me another thought?” Renée: “It didn’t feel right. When Darcy called to invite me to her sleep-over and told me she wasn’t inviting Maya, it gave me a stomach-ache.” Darcy: “I had to prove where my loyalties lay. I had to show Candace and the others whose side I was on.” Brianna: “We always, always laughed at Candace’s games, no matter what. I thought they were tests, like walking on hot coals or something.” Candace: “They’d fall over themselves to show how well they understood me – trying to prove that they felt just as I did. My mom would say that I was lucky to be so important to my friends.”
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Let’s talk! 1 How can you tell Maya did not feel good in the car on her way to Magic Mountain? 2 Why do you think Darcy called Maya? 3 How did Renée react when she heard that Maya was not invited to the sleepover? 4 How would you describe Candace as a person? 5 Why didn’t Brianna stick up for Maya? 6 What did Maya’s mother mean when she said, “This isn’t friends, this is dirt. This is less than dirt.” 7 How would you like this story to end?
Work with words 1 What is the opposite of a dream b dropped c rude d cruelty 2 Find at least four words connected with hospitals.
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Do you remember this song from your childhood?
I don’t want to play in your yard
I don’t want to play in your yard, I don’t like you any more You’ll be sorry when you see me Sliding down our cellar door. You can’t holler down our rain barrel, You can’t climb our apple tree. I don’t want to play in your yard, If you won’t be good to me. Philip Wingate/H.W. Petrie
On 20 April 1999 two teenage boys became murderers. By the end of the day twelve pupils, one teacher and the two boys themselves were dead. Columbine High School will never be the same.
C
A sad day at Columbine High School The morning of 20 April 1999 was like any other morning in the small town of Littleton, Colorado, USA. People were getting up, having hurried breakfasts and talking about this and that before taking off in cars and buses to get to school and work. Spring was in the air and life was promising. There was nothing to suggest that within a day the name of Columbine would be in the news all over the world. There was no way to know that this day would turn dark and sinister before night fell. Most people would say that Dylan Klebold and Eric Harris were normal teenage boys. They had met when they started at Columbine High School. None of them felt at home with any of the cliques at school but found they preferred each other’s company. They both liked to play computer games, especially Doom, in the afternoons. They worked together in a pizza restaurant to earn some dollars, they visited each other’s houses and they talked about girls and who they wanted to ask out for a date. From the outside everything seemed normal. Nobody knew what was coming. Dylan and Eric were angry teenagers. They were angry with the world, with people, with life. Somehow, their anger grew into pure hate, and they were ready to act out on their hatred. In the beginning of 1998 they ran into trouble for the first time when they were arrested for breaking into a van. They both had to do community work and speak to counsellors and they convinced everybody that they were really sorry for what they had done. At the same time they started planning the horrid massacre at their school. Their computers were used not only to play Doom and similar games, but also to find recipes for bombs and other explosives. They collected knives and
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guns and all kinds of explosive devices. They chose the date: 20 April 1999, Adolf Hitler’s birthday. 488 pupils were having lunch in the school cafeteria when Dylan and Eric carried their bags into the room and placed them near the tables with all the other pupils’ bags. The two bags contained bombs with timers set for 11.17 a.m. The boys hurried off to the parking area to wait for the explosion. Nothing happened, something had obviously gone wrong. Unfortunately, this did not stop the two boys from carrying out their next plan. With backpacks and bags filled with bombs, and with knives, rifles and guns hidden under their coats, they entered the school area again. The first shots were fired at pupils sitting outside the cafeteria. From then on, life turned into a nightmare at Columbine High School. Dylan and Eric went from room to room threatening people, injuring people, killing people, throwing bombs. Even the police and the paramedics who were stationed outside got shot at. The place turned into a chaos of blood, tears and confusion. About an hour after the first bags of bombs were placed in the cafeteria, Dylan Klebold and Eric Harris ended their shooting spree by killing themselves. Unfortunately, the incident at Columbine is not the only example of meaningless violence and murders committed at a school. It is impossible to understand how such things can happen. It is useless to ask why. The parents who lost their children in the Columbine massacre, however, will always be haunted by the how and the why.
Let’s talk! 1 How would you describe Dylan Klebold and Eric Harris? 2 What was their punishment for breaking into the van? 3 Do you think our society has become more violent over the last years? If you think so, can you think of reasons why?
Work with words 1 What is the difference between a murder and a murderer? 2 What is a clique? 3 Find adjectives to describe the incident at Columbine High School.
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D
Ellen is a 14-year-old girl who is working as a companion for an old lady one summer. While they are in a shop, she suddenly sees a beautiful ring that she would love to have. Before she knows what she is doing, she takes the ring and puts it in her pocket. Being young is not always easy. Sometimes you make the wrong choices. Sometimes it is good to have a 77-year-old friend who can help you out.
The pearl ring The floor tile cooled my bare feet as we pushed open the glass doors of Parsons’ General Store. “Where are your shoes?” Lilith frowned down at my feet. “Forgot them.” “Of course,” she sniffed. Lilith could use the same words to mean so many different things. Sometimes her “of course” was a gentle pat. This one was not. “I don’t see what’s wrong with bare feet.” “Nasty habit.” I didn’t feel like fighting. Shopping with Lilith was enough to tackle for one morning. Shopping with Lilith took forever. “I look before I buy.” And Lilith did. Parsons’ store was dark inside. I walked around while Mrs Parsons was talking with Lilith. I ran my fingers over the pens, glue, erasers, stacks of notebook paper sealed under plastic. I moved to the back of the store, then turned and walked back toward Lilith. I liked the way the store smelled: a mixture of perfume, powder, and leather. I moved past the lipstick, deodorants, face powder, and lotions and stopped to gaze at the jewelry: necklaces of gold, earrings, souvenir spoons, and rings. The rings, in styrofoam slots, were displayed on a case that revolved when I touched it. And there, among the fake rubies and too-green emeralds was a pearl ring. It was white as fresh milk, perfect as a teardrop – so simple, so out of place, I felt that I had discovered it. Without thinking, I reached out, slipped the pearl ring from its slot, and jammed it down into the pocket of my shorts. It felt cool in my palm and the pearl itself was smooth against my fingertips. I moved away quickly, my hand down in my pocket. The ring slipped onto my finger. It was just the right size. It was only after I passed the racks of candy bars and chewing gum that I realized what I had done. By then it was too late to put the ring back. I skipped up to Lilith, my fingers curled tightly around the ring in my pocket, clenching my teeth to hold back the glee I felt inside.
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Lilith looked down at me. “Shall we go now?” Her voice sounded low and intimate. “I don’t care.” I tried not to appear too eager. Lilith pushed through the glass door, and I, my pocket full of triumph, followed her into the hot street. “That Mrs Parsons is a fine woman. Manages that big store all by herself since her husband died. A fine, fine woman.” I felt the pearl ring, suddenly a hot band around my finger. I swallowed with effort, but an ugly taste stuck in my throat. I ran my tongue around the outside of my lips. “Where are we going now?” I tried to sound enthusiastic. “I thought we’d go over there on that bench in the square and rest a bit before we start home. Would you like that?” I could think of nothing I would like less, but I forced my head to nod, I trailed half a step behind Lilith, keeping my right hand in my pocket, just out of Lilith’s sight. As Lilith turned to sit down, I managed to slip the ring off. The streets were empty. I would have welcomed anyone – anyone who might at least bring forth a comment or a story from Lilith to fill the awkward pause. “Oh, my. It is nice to sit down.” “We could’ve gone down to Reed’s and sat and had a Coke.” “We can do that too … after we rest a spell.” I did not feel like resting. I felt like running. I kept seeing the big sign across the street: Parsons’ General Store. I could hardly keep my legs still, and I didn’t know what to do with my hands. I folded them in my lap, then rubbed my sweaty palms against my bare knees. Lilith sat beside me and gazed across the street with a faraway look. “Sure hot, isn’t it?” Lilith nodded. “We going to sit here very long?” “Not too long.” I could feel the pearl in my pocket, a lump against my leg. I glanced down, carefully, to see if the lump showed, and Lilith chose that very second to turn toward me. I smiled, but Lilith did not smile back. What was she waiting for? Surely we had sat long enough to be rested by now. The silence grew longer. It flowed over and around me like the heat from the sidewalk. I tried to think of something to say,
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but for the first time all summer I was speechless. I couldn’t even think of something mean. Then came Lilith’s voice; “You wanted it very much, didn’t you?” “Wanted? What?” I needed time to think. “Don’t make me say it for you.” I felt the lump in my pocket. “Maybe,” Lilith said, “we should just start at the end instead of at the beginning. Shall we?” I moved my lips to form words, but no sound came. “We can walk back across the street and tell Mrs Parsons.” “What … what’ll we say?” My voice shook. “We’ll say we want to return some merchandise – merchandise we have not paid for.” “Will you say it for us?”
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“No. You will say it. It will not be too difficult. It will be hard, but not too difficult. Shall we go now?” I couldn’t make my feet match Lilith’s long strides. I walked behind, wishing desperately that Lilith would walk a bit slower. The glass door opened. This time the smell of the store sickened me. Lilith led me by the hand up to the check-out counter. “You’re back, Mrs Adams?” Mrs Parsons’ voice sounded as if she were waiting for another sale. “Did you forget something?” “Yes. We forgot something. We forgot something very important.” “Well, then,” Mrs Parsons brightened. “What can I do to help you?” “Ellen wishes to tell you something.” Lilith squeezed my hand. I stared at the yardstick nailed to the edge of the counter, focused my eyes on the number 18 halfway down its length, and drew in a big breath. I could hardly make the words come, and I didn’t know what I was going to say until I heard my own voice. “We … I mean … I … took a pearl ring … I want to give it back. I won’t do it again.” I should have chosen the words more carefully. They sounded so childish. I was ashamed of the words, ashamed of how they were making me feel ashamed of the way my hand trembled as I pulled the ring out of my pocket and placed it on the counter. I felt Mrs Parsons’ eyes on me. Lilith let go of my hand. “You may go now, Ellen,” Lilith spoke softly and very slowly, “and put it back where you found it.” I picked up the ring from the counter without looking at Mrs Parsons, and walked down the long, long walk to the jewelry counter. I reached out and pushed the pearl ring back into the empty slot. “Now, Mrs Parsons,” Lilith’s voice was familiar again. “I wonder if you would have the time to show us what you have in rings. Would you happen to have anything in birthstones?” “Yes, indeed we do, Mrs Adams. We have them for every month of the year. What month did you want?” “June,” Lilith answered. “June?” Mrs Parsons turned slowly toward Lilith, puzzled. “That would be …” She consulted a chart. “That’s what I thought. Pearl.” I shrivelled with shame. “That is precisely right, Mrs Parsons.” “Gemini, isn’t it?”
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“That’s right, Gemini,” repeated Lilith. “Gemini, the twins. We are Gemini, Ellen and I. Children of June. I suppose you could say we are twins … except for a few years.” Mrs Parsons slipped the same pearl ring from the same slot and held it out for Lilith to examine. I could not watch. I looked at the floor and counted the red spots in the block of linoleum. “We’ll take it,” Lilith said. Mrs Parsons hurried up to us. Lilith opened her purse, and pulled out two crisp one-dollar bills. “Ellen, you pay Mrs Parsons for the ring. It costs one dollar and seventy-nine cents plus tax.” Outside on the street, as I carried the pearl ring in its white box, Lilith announced, “The ring is yours, Ellen. It is your birthstone.” I wanted to bury my head in the soft folds of her dress. She never mentioned the pearl ring again. Nor did she ever ask why. Lee Hadley/Annabelle Irwin
Let’s talk! 1 2 3 4
Why do you think Ellen took the ring? What do you think about the way Lilith handled the case? Why do you think she bought the ring for Ellen? How did Ellen feel afterwards?
Work with words 1 What kind of things did Mrs Parsons have in her shop? Find as many words as possible. 2 What is meant by a I ran my fingers over b I felt the pearl ring, suddenly a hot band around my finger c I shrivelled with shame
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Did you know that… •
•
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people have always locked up their most valuable things? Today we keep jewels and important papers locked up, for instance. In the Middle Ages they locked up spices, and in the 1700s they locked up tea! the longest-running play in London is a crime story? Agatha Christie’s The Mousetrap was performed for the first time 25 November 1952 and it is still playing. 40 % – 50 % of 16-year-olds in the USA say they can get hold of a gun if they want to? the average age of somebody who steals a mobile phone is sixteen? in the late 1800s, the police used to take a picture of a murdered person’s open eyes? They thought this would give them a picture of the murderer, since he or she would be the last thing the dead person had looked at!
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