North American Trainer - Summer 2009 - Issue 13

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North American Trainer - ISSUE 13 (SUMMER 2009)

North American

ISSUE 13 (SUMMER 2009) $6.95

www.trainermagazine.com

THE QUARTERLY MAGAZINE FOR THE TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE THOROUGHBRED

Equine Vision

How the racehorse sees the world

The rise of New Mexico Racing in the state that produced Peppers Pride and Mine That Bird

READE BAKER From jockeys’ agent to Sovereign Award-winning trainer

THE OFFICIAL MAGAZINE OF THE

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Introduction Giles Anderson

For this, our summer issue of the magazine, our trainer profile is on Reade Baker, who despite spending a lifetime working in the racing industry only turned his hand to training nineteen years ago.

For the first ten years his stable numbers averaged twelve but in the last nine years the numbers have swelled to over sixty and in that time Reade has amassed a number of Sovereign Awards as well as the accolade of being Canada’s leading trainer in 2005. Frances Karon went to visit him in early June and as you’ll read, Reade is a man of opinion but with the ability to reflect on the lighter side of life.

While I’ve always steered away from running historical pieces in the magazine, I took exception with the story on Jamaica Racetrack, which, although it was only in operation for fifty-six years, was the stage for many great races in that time. It closed fifty years ago this summer as part of a plan to manage all New York tracks under the same ownership group and to keep racing in the state at the highest level. The site itself was turned into a housing development known today as Rochdale Village. Half a century on, the track is still fondly remembered by those who attended races there.

Our main veterinary article in this issue is on a most fascinating subject and is titled “How the Racehorse Sees the World.” Not only does it give the reader much background on the subject of equine vision but it also covers the correct application of different pieces of headgear which prove useful in any trainer’s array of tack.

Unless you have been living in a cave this spring, you couldn’t help but notice the presence on the national scene of New Mexico-trained Mine That Bird, who of course enjoyed a most sensational Triple Crown run, following the spotlight on New Mexico-bred Peppers Pride’s record-setting win streak last year.

What has been going on behind the scenes and why have New Mexico racing and breeding programs become so prominent?

Larry Bortstein’s article includes some interesting facts and quotes about the industry in the state.

The irony of this is that Mine That Bird found himself in Kentucky this spring, coming from a state which has actively promoted and grown its racing and breeding industries through revenue from slot/casino income to a state which is seemingly shunning growth from slot/casino income, a subject which Frances Karon covers in her editorial opinion piece on page 8.

Wherever your racing takes you this summer, good luck!

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CONTENTS ISSUE 13

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08 Editorial Opinion

Giving support to Kentucky

10 California Thoroughbred Trainers

The case for throwing out the major players in horse racing

14 Reade Baker

Frances J. Karon meets Reade Baker, the Sovereign Awardwinning trainer who measures his success at the end of each day by how he is as a person

22 Equine Vision

James Tate explains the horse’s eye in detail and how equipment changes their vision and affects racing

30 Remembering Jamaica

Bill Heller takes a retrospective glance at the grand Jamaica Racetrack half a century after it was razed to make way for a housing development

36 DNA

The influence of genetic factors that determine a racehorse’s optimum distance, by Dr. Jeremy Naylor

42 Digestive Aids

Dr. Catherine Dunnett examines digestive aids available to racehorses

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North American Trainer magazine is published quarterly by Anderson & Co, who are based in the United Kingdom with a representative address in Kentucky. This magazine is distributed for free to all CTT members. Editorial views expressed are not necessarily those of Anderson & Co. Additional copies can be purchased for $6.95 (ex P+P). No part of this publication may be reproduced in any format without the prior written permission of the publisher.

Printed in the United States For all editorial and advertising inquiries please contact Anderson & Co Tel: 1 888 218 4430 Fax: 1 888 218 4206 email: info@trainermagazine.com www.trainermagazine.com

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46 Optimal Conditioning

How the use of technology can determine a horse’s ideal fitness and training schedule, by Bill Pressey

50 The Land of Enchantment

An introduction to racing in New Mexico, which has gained national prominence through Peppers Pride and Mine That Bird,

by Larry Bortstein

58 Surfaces

A recent study shows how the different surface types change the mechanical movement of the horse’s foot, by Fran Jurga

64 The Challenge of Transport

Des Leadon looks at the practical considerations for transporting horses

70 Stakes Schedules

Indexes of forthcoming major stakes races

80 Arnold Kirkpatrick column The Overbrook dispersal

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MUNNINGS went from a $1,700,000 Juvenile Purchase to ...

... One of the Leading Sprinters in North America today!

Yet Another Big Weekend for America’s #1 Second-Crop Sire of Stakes Winners MUNNINGS, coming off of a spectacular 5 1/4 length win on Belmont Stakes day in the Grade 2 Woody Stephens where he ran a ZERO RAGOZIN NUMBER, defines himself as one of the Leading sprinters in North America with his decisive victory in the Grade 2 Tom Fool Handicap on July 5th, posting a 111 BEYER SPEED FIGURE. Six hours earlier, on the other side of the Atlantic at Chantilly in France, Multiple Group winner LORD SHANAKILL WON THE GROUP 1 PRIX JEAN PRAT, making his fourth Group 1 performance a winning one. He is currently one of the leading milers in Europe.

In addition, the Eugene Melnyk homebred MULLINS BEACH, a Multiple Stakes winner, drew off by 3 1/2 lengths in the Ontario Damsel Stakes at Woodbine.

Two days earlier, FUFTY TOO won the Dean Kutz Stakes going a mile on the turf.

The Speightstowns are winning and wanted the world over.

LGB, LLC 2009 / Photo: Adam Coglianese *Statistics through July 6, 2009

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CONTRIBUTORS

Publisher & Editorial Director Giles Anderson Assistant Editors Frances Karon, Sophie Hull Design/Production Neil Randon Website Gary Pinkett Advertising Sales Giles Anderson Circulation Pippa Anderson Photo Credits Michael Burns, Keeneland Library, Daily Racing Form LLC and Equibase Company, Frank Sorge, James Tate, Kentucky Horseshoeing School, University of Maine, Texas A&M University, Brent Pressey, Biotal, Stefano Grasso, Thoroughbred Photography, NYRA, Sunland Park, Ruidoso Downs, Horsephotos, Shutterstock, Rob Clark Cover Photograph Michael Burns An

o pub lication

Main Address – United Kingdom 3 Stibb Hill, West Lavington SN10 4LQ Representative Address – North America PO Box 13248, Lexington, KY 40583-3248 Contact details Tel: 1 888 218 4430 Fax: 1 888 218 4206 info@trainermagazine.com www.trainermagazine.com North American Trainer is the official magazine of the California Thoroughbred Trainers. It is distributed to all ‘Trainer’ members of the Thoroughbred Horsemen’s Association and all members of the Consignors and Commercial Breeders Association

Larry Bortstein has been a sportswriter for more than 40 years and has covered horse racing for more than 25 years. He was a staff writer with the Orange County Register in Santa Ana, Cal., for 17 years.

Dr Catherine Dunnett BSc, PhD, R.Nutr. is an independent nutritionist registered with the British Nutrition Society. She has a background in equine research, in the field of nutrition and exercise physiology with many years spent at The Animal Health Trust in Newmarket. Prior to setting up her own consultancy business, she worked in the equine feed industry on product development and technical marketing.

Bill Heller, Eclipse Award-winner Bill Heller is the author of 19 books, including “After The Finish Line, The Race to End Horse Slaughter in America.” In 2006, he received a first place award from the American Horse Publications for a column he wrote for Thoroughbred Times and was inducted into the Harness Racing Hall of Fame Writers’ Corner. Heller, 55, lives in Albany, N.Y., just 30 miles south of Saratoga Race Course, with his wife, Anna, their son Benjamin and their dog Belle Mont.

Fran Jurga lives in Gloucester, Massachusetts, where she is editor of Hoofcare and Lameness: Journal of Equine Foot Science, and writes Fran Jurga's Hoof Blog on the Inter net. She hosts the Hoofcare@Saratoga lecture series each August in Saratoga Springs, New York and is a member of the Shoeing and Hoof Care Committee of the Grayson Jockey Club Foundation's Welfare and Safety of the Racehorse Summit.

Frances J. Karon, is a native of Puerto Rico and graduate of Maine’s Colby College with a Bachelor of Arts degree in English. She operates Rough Shod LLC based in Lexington, Kentucky and specializes in sales, pedigree research and mating recommendations.

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Arnold Kirkpatrick in more than 45 years of involvement in the thoroughbred industry, Arnold Kirkpatrick has accumulated a vast experience in most aspects of the business – from being executive vice president of a major breeding farm to president of a race track. He has won major industr y awards both as a writer and as a breeder.

Des Leadon MA, MVB, MSc, FRCVS, DipECEIM, is Head of Clinical Pathology at the Irish Equine Centre, where he has been based since 1984. He has worked in equine practice in Ireland, England, Australia and Spain and has been involved in equine clinical research for over 30 years, since graduating from Trinity College Dublin.

Dr Jeremy Naylor graduated from University of Bristol vet school in 1988, before moving to Washington State University for a three-year residency in equine internal medicine. He then returned to Bristol to complete a PhD in exercise physiology. He worked in practice in Lambour n and then served as resident vet to Champion NH trainer M.C. Pipe, while establishing the Equine Sports Medicine Centre. He then took up a full-time academic position at Bristol.

He has been a full-time licensed trainer since 1999, training both flat and NH horses, and still holds Visiting Research Fellow status at University of Bristol.

Bill Pressey holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Exercise Physiology and is based in Louisville, Kentucky, where he monitors the training of racehorses for his clients. Bill grew up in a family that owned racing Thoroughbreds for decades and also has experience training professional athletes and Olympic gold medal winners. He is the Senior Exercise Physiologist with ThoroEdge Equine Performance.

James Tate BVMS MRCVS qualified as a veterinary surgeon from Glasgow University. He is from a family steeped in horseracing. His father, Tom Tate, is a dual purpose trainer, his father-in-law, Len Lungo, is a National Hunt trainer, and his Uncle, the legendary Michael Dickinson, has just retired from the training ranks.

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EDITORIAL OPINION RACING NEEDS YOU! The Spring 2009 issue of North American Trainer featured an article by Turfwaybased trainer Wayne Mogge, in which he wrote of the increasingly challenging life of a trainer on the Kentucky circuit. In June, I met a couple from Northern Kentucky who told me that they had sent an entire copy of that issue to their state representative, for two reasons: 1) they felt it was important that she read what Wayne had to say; 2) they believed the quality of the magazine would lend credibility to the cause. It occurred to me then that while we had the right idea in publishing Wayne’s story, by nature Trainer targets an audience who’s already on the side of the horseman. The way we can help is by, hopefully, striking a chord in you, our readers, and inspiring you to become an outspoken advocate for affairs that will affect all of us.

The Kentucky state legislature ended a special session in June by killing a bill designed to save the commonwealth’s struggling horse industry. The bill had passed in the House of Representatives, but was quashed in the Senate without making it to the floor for an open vote, where indications were that it would have stood a fighting chance. At a Kentucky Equine Education Project (KEEP) rally at Keeneland afterwards, an estimated 1,000 horsemen gathered to hear an impassioned panel including Governor Steve Beshear and ex-governor Brereton Jones tell us not to give up. Seated towards the rear of the sale pavilion, I stared at the back of the heads in front of me and realized that the view symbolized how our legislators see us, as people with no faces, no identities.

It’s more important than ever that we humanize ourselves to those who would hurt us, so that by giving ourselves identities we make it harder for them to treat us so callously – at least if they’re human, too. I encourage all of us to give our stories a

voice. This, briefly, is mine: I’m from San Juan, Puerto Rico. There was no logical explanation for why I loved horses but my family indulged me. I had two horses, riding jumpers and Paso Finos, and followed horseracing religiously, even waking up at three a.m. to watch Racehorse Digest on ESPN. I knew the names of the Thoroughbreds running at my local track, El Nuevo Comandante as it was then called. In 1988, while still in high school, I traveled to New York for Risen Star’s Belmont and for the Whitney at Saratoga – won by Personal Ensign, and to Kentucky, where Forego, 34year-old Gallant Man, and Secretariat stood before me as if out of my dreams, and I was mesmerized.

I discovered early that all I wanted out of life was to be involved in horseracing, and the only place for that was Kentucky. I learned the words to “My Old Kentucky Home” almost as soon as I could read and couldn’t wait to live here. I spent every summer vacation from when I was 16 working in Kentucky, gaining knowledge and experience, and I was determined that I would succeed.

After I graduated from school in Puerto Rico, I moved on to a small liberal arts college in Maine, where televised horseracing events were sometimes preempted by high school sports games.

One year, I had to drive 150 miles to New Hampshire to find a place to watch the Breeders’ Cup. My friends thought I was nuts; I knew I was. The day after I received my degree, I loaded up my Explorer and finally came ‘home’ to Kentucky.

In 14 years of full-time residence, I’ve purchased and sold horses at Keeneland and Fasig-Tipton, and stabled at a Kentucky racetrack and Kentucky farms. Local veterinarians, farriers, grooms, riders, feed stores – you get my drift – have benefitted from my business. I bred my mare to a

Kentucky stallion and recommend Kentucky stallions to clients. I own a business, a house, make donations to local charities, and buy local produce. Without the horses, I have no incentive to stay.

Kentucky calls itself “The Horse Capital of the World,” and true to that, every year visitors convene here to go racing, tour our beautiful farms, and buy our Kentucky-bred racehorses. Our land is worth a premium because the breeding industry attracts wealthy out-of-state and foreign investors, who in return pump a fortune back into the state. What will happen to us when it’s no longer economically viable for them to keep their farms in operation? And worse yet, the future for the small guys, many of whom are struggling to maintain farms passed down through generations, is bleak. At the crux of it all, when the horse industry that has been cultivated here for over 150 years fizzles out and we are no longer a horse breeding mecca, the trickledown effect on the state will be massive and gutting. With the failure to pass slots, which we purists consider a ‘necessary evil,’ the entire state will suffer, and what we’ll lose is irretrievable.

But the consequences will extend far deeper than Kentucky: expect U.S. involvement in the great globalization of horseracing to take a hit. You will see changes, and not for the better, in our industry, regardless of where you live.

The legislators who decided that your and my contributions, and your and my future, are meaningless to them leave me angry and bewildered. I could regret having chosen this route when in college there were so many options available to me, but I refuse to be defeated, and so should you.

In the words of Yogi Berra: It ain’t over till it’s over. Now get out there and make sure our opponents know that.

Frances J. Karon Assistant Editor

“At the crux of it all, when the horse industry that has been cultivated here for over 150 years fizzles out and we are no longer a horse breeding mecca, the trickledown effect on the state will be massive and gutting” If you would like to express your opinion please e-mail us at info@trainermagazine.com 08 TRAINERMAGAZINE.com ISSUE 13

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CALIFORNIA THOROUGHBRED TRAINERS

Throw the bums out – the major players in racing have failed you

By Edward I. Halpern CTT Executive Director & General Counsel

T

HE major players in Thoroughbred horse racing have failed you. That includes the California Horse Racing Board (CHRB) Commissioners, the racing associations, the fairs, the breeders, and both horsemen’s organizations. Throw the bums out, throw them all out. Sweep the hallways, change the carpets, and paint the walls. They have all failed you. Each, in its own way, has failed you.

In the spirit of fair play, I should point out that each of those listed above has played a part in many successful programs and, in many ways, have served horse racing well.

The list of accomplishments includes: increasing overnight money and reducing stakes purses so as to save racing in Northern California, bringing new life, new people, and new horses to Santa Anita, providing the best fan experience, and running the best racing operation in America at Del Mar, bringing Advanced Deposit Wagering (ADW) to California, and more recently, squeezing out increases in the horsemen’s share of that ADW revenue. The list of accomplishments goes on. Industry executives are responsible for millions of dollars in savings that will go to tracks and purses because of an elimination of license fees. Let’s not forget management’s success in reinventing Golden Gate Fields and in putting on last year’s Breeders Cup. Nor should we forget the creation of the workers’ compensation program that has distributed and saved owners and trainers over $100,000,000 in the past 6 years. In

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summation, there have been numerous and impressive accomplishments, but none of this makes it worth keeping any of the people involved. Throw the bums out, throw them all out.

Here I am, calling for their heads, including mine, while listing just a few of their numerous accomplishments. Here I am praising Caesar, while calling for his burial. I recognize that the current slump we are all suffering is not of their making. It is symptomatic in the entire racing industry, the entire world economy. They cannot be held responsible. BUT, they can be held responsible for missing or mismanaging an opportunity that could have moved racing beyond the Indian Casino fiasco, beyond the Las Vegas competition. Horse racing owns what should be one of the planet’s most profitable franchises. Forget McDonalds, forget the oil industry, and forget cable companies. We have a monopoly that none of them could compare to. We own legal wagering over the internet. Horse racing is the only industry that can claim to provide betting right at home. How much do you suppose someone would have been willing to pay if they had been provided with that exclusive market? In fact, the CHRB, in concert with the rest of the industry, assumed that amounts offered by the ADW providers such as TVG and Express Bet were the highest prices anyone would pay. In 2002, the CHRB and the industry rushed into licensing and signing contracts with these providers. No time was taken to create an intelligent appraisal of the value of what was being sold. The product was literally given away with these distributors getting the largest cut of the profits. And, as the time

came for renewal of licenses and the signing of new contracts, the same errors were repeated. What may be even more inexcusable is that fact that it has always been assumed that these providers knew how to market the product and knew how to take advantage of the monopoly that was laid in their laps. Throw those bums out, also.

So, I conclude that the powers that hired those providers should be fired. But discounting the value of our product was the smaller portion of the crime. The true reason for my desire to start anew is that we have failed to come up with wagers and horseracing games that give the public what they want. They very simply want the ability to gamble at home on bets that interest them.

Our board rooms are too full of grey hair and baby boomers. Tell us we are all excused and may leave the room. Hire a group of tech savvy, intelligent people who are under 35 and who understand the current generation and its interests. Create bets and games that appeal to a new generation of players.

Someone needs to figure out how to take advantage of this monopoly before it disappears.

My wife likes to tell me that when I am speaking tongue in cheek others don’t necessarily recognize it. Therefore, and so as not to insult people that I know who do work very hard on behalf of this industry and have accomplished much, including the fact that their efforts have made California racing the finest and toughest in the world, let me suggest the following. Continue to do what you are good at, but hire some upscale computer geeks and set them free to figure out how to use our most valuable asset, the internet.

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CALIFORNIA THOROUGHBRED TRAINERS

Pegram honored by Gregson Foundation

By Steve Schuelein The timing of the Edwin J. Gregson Foundation benefit to honor Mike and Mary Ellen Pegram on April 13 could not have been better.

One week later, Pegram’s trainer, Bob Baffert, and his two-time champion filly, Silverbulletday, were elected to the Racing Hall of Fame, where they will be inducted during a ceremony at Saratoga on August 14.

But first, owner-breeder Pegram and his wife took center stage at Twin Palms in Pasadena where they were feted by over 350 guests for their contributions to the racing industry.

The benefit, hosted by California Thoroughbred Trainers, raised about $100,000 for the Foundation, the purpose of which is to improve the quality of life for California thoroughbred industry backstretch workers and their immediate families.

Since its inception nine years ago, the Foundation has raised about $2.8 million, most of which is used for scholarships and backstretch programs. Trainer Gregson was the driving force in the creation of the Foundation, which was later named in his memory.

Pegram, who convinced Baffert to make the switch from quarter horses to thoroughbreds with him in 1988, has become one of the leading owners in the sport during the last two decades.

His red and gold silks have been carried not only by Silverbulletday – champion filly in 1998 and 1999 with victories including the Breeders’ Cup Juvenile Fillies and Kentucky Oaks – but also 3-year-old champion Real Quiet following victories in the 1998 Kentucky Derby and Preakness Stakes and 2007 sprint champion Midnight Lute following the first of two Breeders’ Cup Sprint victories.

Pegram has churned out almost as many stakes winners as hamburgers at his thriving

Above left: Joe Harper (President, Del Mar Thoroughbred Club), Mik e Pegram, Jim Cassidy (President, California Thoroughbred Trainers) and Jenine Sahadi (President, Edwin J. Gregson Foundation). Above right: Mike Pegram with Teresa Osorio (2008 Grant Recipient)

From left to right: Paul Weitman (owner), Brett Lindenbaum (owner), Bob Baffer t, Frank Mirahmadi (racecaller), Karl Watson (owner), Jill Baffert, P A Baffert and Brad McKinzie (Los Alamitos Racecourse consultant)

Mary Ellen and Mike Pegram

McDonald’s franchises, too many to be mentioned in this space. And he has done it all with a casual style that has won over friends and admirers.

The program was emceed by Trevor Denman with colorful commentary provided by Pegram friends Brad McKinzie, Los Alamitos consultant, racecaller Frank Mirahmadi, and Baffert.

Baffert wondered how he would have ever switched to thoroughbreds without the support and encouragement of Pegram.

“You need three things to be successful in this business: passion, bankroll and stomach,” said Baffert of his favorite owner.

“When I got down, he lifted me back up.”

Pegram explained why he selected the white-haired Arizona native as his trainer. “I know that you lose more than you win, and I wanted to be with somebody I could have fun with.”

Pegram expressed gratitude for the honor.

“I’m very humbled to see the people I’ve followed up here as recipient of this award,” said Pegram in deference to previous winners. “My father told me to keep myself in the best of company and my horses in the worst of company, and I’ve been lucky with both.”

Pegram joked about his attire. “I wore black because I was told there would be more people here tonight than there would be for my funeral,” he quipped.

Pegram emphasized the importance of the Gregson Foundation. “If we take care of the kids on the backside, nothing but good can happen,” he said. One of the recipients is the daughter of Jim and Dana Barnes – assistant and past exercise rider, respectively, for Baffert – who is a political science major at UC San Diego with an eye toward law school.

The Foundation has enabled more than 80 individuals to attend college. New grant recipients last year were Joseph Aragon, Samuel Almaraz, Jenee Brittney Barnes, Elizabeth Contreras, Noel Contreras Flores, Luciano Gonzalez, Maria Isabel Landeros Trujillo, Jesus Morfin, Roberto Mora, Teresa Osorio, Kevin Panian, and David Tellez.

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CALIFORNIA THOROUGHBRED TRAINERS

Learning valuable lessons from the Hall of Famers

By Steve Schuelein

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HEN the two trainers who have taught you the basics of thoroughbred racing are Hall of Famers Bob Baffert and Charlie Whittingham, it is bound to show.

Tim Yakteen, who graduated cum laude from the shedrows of Baffert and Whittingham U in 2004, carries the long, lanky frame of Whittingham while his brown hair is beginning to show streaks of Baffert white.

Yakteen, who turns 45 on July 29, paused from his duties during a recent afternoon at Hollywood Park and recalled the valuable lessons he learned from the two icons.

Although the two offered stark contrasts in personalities and training philosophies – Whittingham the consummate old-school proponent of infinite patience, Baffert the erstwhile quarter-horse conditioner more attuned to speed and precociousness – Yakteen found innate similarities in them as gifted horsemen.

“Both Charlie and Bob would look at their horses and read their overall condition--their weight, their attitude, their coat,” said Yakteen. “Enough can’t be said about that. They were attuned to how their horses looked. Their horses always looked good.”

Yakteen often thinks about Whittingham, who died in 1999, and talks frequently with Baffert, whose advice he still cherishes.

Yakteen, born in Germany and raised in a small Bavarian town there, still has trouble believing 27 years have passed since his parents recommended he move to the United States following his high school graduation and join an older sister who lived in Cypress, Cal. “July 4, 1982, I landed at LAX,” recalled Yakteen. “I remember driving and asking myself where the fields are? I didn’t see any crops.”

Locating his sister following 30 miles of freeway shock, Yakteen enrolled at Cypress College and began looking for a job. The industrious teenager had no experience with horses but discovered Los Alamitos--which at that time offered both harness and quarter-horse racing down the street and found his initial stable work with standardbreds.

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In time, he made contact with Baffert when he was a leading quarter-horse trainer and went to work for him in 1986. It did not take long before Baffert suggested the first change in Yakteen’s career profile.

Yakteen’s real first name is Haitham, which sounded like “Hi, Tim” to most of the stable help unfamiliar with it. “Bob said if I was going to make it in this business, I was going to have to change my name,” said Yakteen, who was dubbed Tim from that point on.

Yakteen continued college and earned a two-year degree at Cypress. But his heart was with the Baffert stable, where he decided to invest his future, something his parents were less than thrilled about. “They asked how I could shovel manure for a

living?” said Yakteen before he was able to calm them down and inform them about the bigger picture of the sport.

Joining the Baffert barn full time began an exciting ride for Yakteen, who was able to travel the world during two stints with Baffert sandwiched around a six-year period with Whittingham from 1991-97.

“One of my first trips with Bob was with a quarter horse named Zipintothecash in the Sonoita Futurity in Arizona,” said Yakteen. “We left Los Alamitos in a twohorse trailer to Nogales, Ariz., where Bob’s parents had a ranch, and shipped to the fair at Sonoita.

“It was quite an experience,” said Yakteen of the late 1980’s journey to the hinterlands shortly before Baffert began the transition to thoroughbreds. “They brought in the tote board there on the back of a pick-up truck.”

When Yakteen rejoined Baffert for his second tour in 1997, the colorful trainer had meteorically risen to the top of the thoroughbred world.

“I went with Captain Steve in 2000, when he won the Dubai World Cup for $6 million when it was the world’s richest race,” said Yakteen. “It was my first time to Dubai.

“I couldn’t believe the facilities that Sheikh Mohammed put up,” said Yakteen.

“If there is a horse heaven, that’s what it looks like.”

Yakteen thought back to Sonoita a dozen years earlier. “From that to win the Dubai World Cup for $6 million,” said Yakteen, shaking his head in disbelief. “They were the two ends of the spectrum.”

Yakteen had already become an international globetrotter with Whittingham. “Charlie sent me to the Japan Cup with Golden Pheasant in 1991,” said Yakteen, who was as awed with the racing environment in Tokyo as he would be in Dubai.

“I was very impressed with the graciousness and facilities,” said Yakteen.

“When Golden Pheasant won, it was the richest race in the world at that time. Then to go to Dubai a few years later and win the Dubai World Cup when it became the richest race in the world was too much to believe.”

Yakteen also visited Saudi Arabia when Whittingham shipped Cezind to Riyadh to run in the King’s Cup for The Thoroughbred Corp.

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CALIFORNIA THOROUGHBRED TRAINERS

Tim Yakteen with Charlie Whittingham

“I couldn’t believe the facilities that Sheikh Mohammed put up. If there is a horse heaven, that’s what it looks like” Tim Yakteen

Pretty heady stuff for a young immigrant who took a job without any promises that his career would reach beyond a quarter horse stable at Los Alamitos.

“I remember in 1988 when Bob started dabbling in thoroughbreds and claimed Hidden Royalty for $32,000 at Del Mar from Brian Mayberry for Mike Pegram,” said Yakteen. “I remember my heart pounding at Del Mar. From Los Alamitos, $32,000 was a lot of money.”

Yakteen recalled another early acquisition. “I remember when Bob bought Thirty Slews at the Keeneland September sale,” said Yakteen. “When he brought him in, he was a really big yearling.”

Thirty Slews would go on to become an even bigger horse and win the Breeders’ Cup Sprint in 1992. Baffert could forget about his night job.

Baffert and Whittingham were also responsible for making it easier for Yakteen to go on his own in September, 2004.

Yakteen’s breakthrough horse was Sabiango, a German-bred with which he won the Kentucky Cup Turf Handicap only a few

weeks into his new role.

“Charlie had trained a German horse named Lomitas when I was with him who had the same owner as Sabiango,” explained Yakteen of the connection. “I got to know some members of the Gestut Fahrhof team.

They later sent Sabiango to Bob because of my association with racing manager Simon Stokes.”

Although Baffert was officially listed as winning the Grade I Whittingham Memorial Handicap with Sabiango in 2004 at Hollywood Park, assistant Yakteen was deservedly given most of the credit since he supervised his training with a Baffert division at Hollywood Park while Baffert remained at his Santa Anita headquarters.

Sabiango, leased by Monty Roberts, was turned over to Yakteen a few months later when he staked out on his own. Yakteen still keeps up with Sabiango, who stands stud in France and whose first crop of 2-year-olds hit the track this year.

Yakteen also enjoyed turf success with Stratham, an Irish-bred colt who won stakes at the Oak Tree, Santa Anita, and Tim Yakteen with Bob Baffert

Hollywood Park meets in 2005 and 2006.

“After he won the Pinjara at Oak Tree, I planned to run him in the Generous at Hollywood Park, but that was the year they canceled turf racing during the fall meet,” said Yakteen. “I wanted to run him at Santa Anita, but they had a very wet winter and he kept getting rained out of all his turf races before he won the La Puente.

“Thank goodness Stratham won the Will Rogers here before it got eliminated!” said Yakteen of the stake that was one of three removed from the Hollywood Park calendar this year as part of a cost-cutting move.

Yakteen lives in Monrovia with his wife, HRTV analyst Millie Ball, and their two sons, Sam, four; and Ben, two.

Yakteen trains 25 horses at Santa Anita and employs John Applegarth as his assistant. “Our game is a competitive business, and you always look for your next stars,” said Yakteen. “I’m going through a restructuring phase trying to recruit some young stars.”

Like most everyone in the racing industry, Yakteen worries about the future of the sport in general and California in particular.

“We’re in a very vulnerable era right now,” said Yakteen, pointing to the triple whammy of the uncertain status of Hollywood Park, a dwindling horse population, and increased competition from other states about to institute slots. That on top of a struggling economy.

“We’re behind the eight ball,” added Yakteen. “We need slots or we’re going to see a big flow of horses going out of California.”

Yakteen kept his fingers crossed.

“Hopefully we’ll get some breaks and some issues will get resolved in the near future,” he said.

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READE BAKER

Reade Baker didn't intend to become a trainer, but since starting out in 1990, his stable has grown to 61 horses and includes Canadian Horse of the Year Fatal Bullet.

By Frances J. Karon

O

N a warm morning in Toronto, Canada, Reade Baker maneuvers his car around the sprawling facilities of Woodbine Racetrack. The car with the “AFLEET” license plate detours to Afleet Street, intersecting with Glorious Song Avenue: this is history-steeped Woodbine country.

He drives from barn to track, supervising a set of horses every half hour. Some mornings, Baker will accompany his string from the back of a pony, but not today; despite the sunshine, this is “unponylike weather” for the trainer, who doesn’t like the cold.

His assistant, Leroy Trotman, of whom Baker says, “He’s not good. He’s great,” is never farther away than his walkie-talkie, Trotman’s voice crackling over the audio periodically. Baker gestures towards the training track. “I think we’ve got more and better facilities than any place in North America. I’ve been to every place in North America. We’ve got this full mile dirt track, a seven-eighths turf, we also have a sand ring and a field you can train in. I don’t know anybody who can match that.” And in the winter months – when it’s freezing in Toronto even by general standards – he relocates to Palm Meadows Training Center in Boynton Beach, Florida. “I’ve got the best of both worlds. I think there’s no better place to train horses [than Woodbine] and I don’t think there’s any better training center than Palm Meadows in the wintertime.”

It was a focused journey from the dairy farm on which he was raised in Port Dalhousie, Ontario, to the backside of a racetrack for Reade Baker. He was drawn to the spectacle the first time he went racing. “We had all these horses at the farm, they were just horses; they weren’t all clean and spiffy.” What captivated the then-14-year-old, who was with his uncle at Fort Erie, was that “all of a sudden this horse comes in, he’s slick as a seal, he’s got these bandages on and the women were just absolutely gorgeous with all those fancy clothes on. And I thought, howdy doodle!

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just had to walk up and bet and they give you money. What a game this is!”

His parents were none too pleased when their son expressed a desire to go into the horse business. “We had that picture of that seedy character: broke, cigar coming out of his mouth.” Caught skipping school to attend races, he was carted off to boarding school, but his love for racing never dwindled. He didn’t know specifically what he wanted to do, just that he “wanted to be on the racetrack,” he says. “I thought that was the ultimate.”

The “first Thoroughbred [he] ever touched on the racetrack” was 1963 Canadian Triple Crown winner Canebora, who attempted a comeback with Baker’s boss, Windfields’ trainer Pete McCann, in ’65 after a failed stud career. “He was a beast, that one.” While he may not have fond memories of his racetrack initiation with a former breeding stallion, it was an early opportunity to observe a very talented horse, and Baker has tried to surround himself with equally talented horses since.

Baker had ridden only the horses on the family’s dairy farm, but future Hall of Fame trainer Gil Rowntree gave him a chance to ride Thoroughbreds. “Well, they didn’t have any money, so that’s what [they got]…the learner’s permit.” With his hypothetical learner’s permit, Baker became skilled enough to acquire his commercial driver’s license so to speak, handling the likes of Kennedy Road (Canadian champion from two to five), Snow Knight (imported English Derby winner who won the Canadian International and Man o’ War Stakes) and Numbered Account (U.S. champion).

When his exercise riding career was cut short by injury, Baker graduated to the next phase of his life: jockey’s agent. He managed Gary Stahlbaum’s book for six years, and, briefly, several others, until 1985, when owner Richard Kennedy hired Baker as his manager. Among Kennedy’s yearlings at the time were a son of Mr. Prospector and a daughter of Affirmed, who developed into Canada’s Horse of the Year/champion three-year-old colt Afleet and champion three-year-old filly One From Heaven, respectively, the first of many stakes winners to emerge from the Kennedy/Baker association. “That was a lot of fun,” Baker reminisces. Kennedy “was a wonderful guy, and we were around wonderful horses.”

He never specifically intended to become a trainer, but when Kennedy phased out his operation, Baker was left looking for something to do. He set up shop as a trainer in 1990 – though by his count he had “like 12 horses” for each of the first ten years – and bought horses with his own money, as he still prefers to do. “I don’t sign the ticket to anything that I can’t buy myself. I spend forty Gs, I need to come up with forty Gs if something happens.”

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Baker (center) with his wife Janis Maine and assistant Leroy Trotman

“ If he’s had a hard day – something goes wrong, a horse gets hurt – it’s something you don’t talk about because you know exactly how he feels” Janis Maine Forty-eight years after Baker’s introduction to racing, his 61 trainees – spread out between Woodbine, which has a 45-stall restriction per owner and trainer, and a local training center – are ‘slick as seals.’ Currently, his barn houses Bear Stables Ltd.’s reigning Canadian Horse of the Year and champion sprinter Fatal Bullet, who set track records at Woodbine and Turfway last year and was second in the Breeders’ Cup Sprint. Baker has also conditioned Sovereign Award winners Bear Now (champion older female in 2008), Judiths Wild Rush (champion sprinter in 2005 and 2006), and Gold Strike (champion three-year-old filly in 2005), earning a Sovereign Award of his own along the way as Canada’s leading trainer of 2005.

While he has had some other good ones, most notably Vestrey Lady, who earned close to $500,000 in converted earnings, he identifies his best horse as 2008 Preakness starter Kentucky Bear, third in the Blue Grass S. [G1] at Keeneland. “With a couple of breaks along the way, he could have been any kind of horse.”

Janis Maine, Baker’s wife, is the

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indispensable behind-the-scenes force who runs the office and, among other things, sends out weekly updates to the owners.

“We’re pretty fortunate, or lucky,” she says, “because we do work together, and my job responsibilities really cover the business side of it and he’s the horse person. If he’s had a hard day – something goes wrong, a horse gets hurt – it’s something you don’t talk about because you know exactly how he feels. We both feel the same.” She met Baker while he was a jock’s agent, and a friend’s boyfriend, who was a jockey, did some P.I. work on the backstretch to vet out Baker. “Nobody seems to know anything about Reade,” he reported. “Janis, all I could find out was that he’s good to his girlfriends.” Maine says, “This is the first thing that I heard about him and I thought, ‘that’s pretty important.’ He’s a very nice guy, and he’s always thoughtful of other people…He just does his job and whatever he does, he does 100%.”

In front of the barn, bags of organic compost are ready for Baker when he has a spare moment to plant dahlia bulbs. Inside, the office shows his personality. One of the

knickknacks is a mock-up of a spring-loaded mousetrap, with a red button as bait: “Complaint Department.” Baker feigns surprise. “Someone stole the five bucks! I had five bucks in there.” The room is decorated with pictures that intrigue him, torn out of magazines and newspapers; photos of him with fish – “I’d fish in the bathtub” – and a mounted, stuffed fish; a photo of Maine meeting Queen Elizabeth II prior to the 1997 Queen’s Plate (their homebred Annihilator ran unplaced)…and a picture of Baker with Allen Jerkens. “That’s the only picture I have with somebody in the whole world other than my family,” he says.

“They always say, ‘Who would you want to have dinner with?’ I’ve already done it. I’ve had dinner with Allen Jerkens. You can’t go any farther than that,” except, perhaps, his other idol, Julius “Dr. J” Erving – which explains Baker’s love of 76ers gear.

Baker has been around enough good people and enough good horses to complement his natural instinct. He never accepts something ‘as is’. The bookshelves in his house hold an impressive collection of books and binders with articles he’s saved.

He keeps a binder with past performance printouts of their runners past and present, plus additional horses that interest him. In both his house and his barn, there’s a montage of lifetime PPs of his five ideal horses: Afleet, Dr. Fager, Forego, Secretariat, and Ta Wee. In 1988, through an auction to benefit a cancer charity, he bought himself a ride on 1981 English Grand National winner Aldaniti. He recalls that the 18-year-old gelding’s groom had to run to keep up with them on the one-mile walk. “I’ve never seen a horse walk like

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that!” Clearly, this is a man whose fierce curiosity drives him to study excellence inside and out.

“I question everything. ‘Why, why do you do that? And what’s your real reason?’ It’s like some guy had all this crap lying around his backyard and so he decided, ‘Hey, I’ll find some dumb horse guy to sell that to,’” he says. “I don’t add anything as far as equipment. I take lots off. But I think you just get in habits of doing things. You see so many horses with tongue straps on, and if it’s not put on properly – which it isn’t put on properly in 99% of the cases, it’s just a waste – but if you tie the horse’s tongue exactly where it normally sits in the mouth you’re not doing any good at all. So you come in with pictures of Bayakoa and those horses with the tongue hanging out, that’s what you have to do, you have to get that whole mechanism pulled forward to help yourself, and even when you do that then there’s an argument that it’s counterproductive because the fact that now that horse is now pulling against that thing all the time, so he’s doing just the opposite of what you wanted. If he’s pulling back here he’s more apt to displace now, so maybe you’re causing him to displace.”

By now you’ve guessed that Baker is a man of, as he puts it, “strong opinions.” It’s fine for him that people want to do things their own way, but if someone insists on doing that in his stable, they’ll soon be doing it in someone else’s. He takes the repercussions in relatively good humor when things don’t go well; if a jockey goes against instructions and loses, Baker’s tongue-in-cheek reaction is, “That’s not the rider’s fault. It’s my fault for picking the jock, right?”

Maine says that her husband “makes people laugh, always.” They try to maintain a high level of optimism, which Baker attributes to his family, particularly his brotherin-law, who has been a huge influence through being “such a positive, helpful, giving person.”

But he admits there are days when he misses being an agent. “It was my favorite

“They always say, ‘Who would you want to have dinner with?’ I’ve already done it. I’ve had dinner with Allen Jerkens. You can’t go any farther than that” Reade Baker job simply because I’d call the jock up at night and I’d say, ‘Is everything alright?’

And he’d say, ‘Everything’s great.’ That was it. In this job, when you have as many owners as I do, you can’t keep them all happy… it’s difficult because this is a game where you’re going to lose 85% of the time.

There’s very few people that really get that stuck in their head coming in.”

His most satisfying moment as a trainer is “to see a horse win that took extra special care to get to the winner’s circle…one horse schooled at the gate six days in a row for 10 weeks,” he cites. “That horse didn’t even win but that’s the kind of effort. I’m not saying no one could have done it, but if the horse was at an average barn it wouldn’t have happened. And I might give the orders but it’s mostly the labor of the help.

“As far as horses go, I live by two things.

One, I should get the best out of every horse. We have examples where lots of guys claim horses off me and we sell horses or horses move for whatever reason, and the high 90% of those horses we’ve got the best out of, so I’m proud of that.” The other credo is more personal. “As far as my daily activities go I figure if my parents were alive and if they knew

exactly what I did today when I went to bed and they were alright with that then it’s alright with me, I’ve had a good day and I’ve done the right thing.”

With a good safety record, Baker, it seems, has ‘done the right thing’ where his horses are concerned. “We’ve lost a couple in the last ten years – two in the last ten years – training, but we probably haven’t lost one in the afternoon in 15 years… maybe 20 years,” before Bear Onamission shattered his knee at Woodbine in May, the type of incident that fuels public outcry against horseracing. “Partially that’s the press, but then why haven’t we gone out there and found the stats that one horse broke down of Reade Baker’s Wednesday night, out of the last ‘x’ that ran? We should be proactive doing that, showing what a low percentage it is. We shouldn’t allow them the one story on the horse that broke down.

At least make an attempt.”

Throughout the day, he mentions the occasional racehorse they’ve given away because, as Maine puts it, “It seemed to make sense,” rather than drop them in hopes of a claim for little gain and with possible risk. Baker adds, “You find homes for them, or if you don’t find homes for them you put them down. You don’t put them in the bottom of a hold of a boat with 40 other horses of different breeds and have them go over across the ocean

Reigning Canadian Horse of the Year Fatal Bullet with Eurico Rosa Da Silva wins the Kentucky Cup Sprint at Turfway Park

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Kentucky Bear with Reade Baker at the 2008 Blue Grass Stak es at Keeneland

like that…We’ve got to treat our animals better.” He sounds, and looks, disgusted. “How can we tolerate that? How can we live in a society that treats animals like that? It’s not right.”

Baker and Maine are longtime pescetarians – meaning they eat fish, but not meat. “Pescetarian,” he believes, “is a step in the right direction for the sake of the animal.” And animal lover he is: his passion outside of horseracing is breeding and showing birds. He had a recognized exhibit at age 12, winning a pigeon class. Now, he and his partner Frank Goodfellow have amassed a varied collection of chickens and ducks of which he’s quite proud. “I don’t know if there would be a better show string than ours in America. There’s certain guys that have better individuals…but I don’t know if anybody’s got as good a string as we have with all the different ones.” One need only hear his phone ring – no, you’re not half asleep, that really is a rooster crowing – to know that he’s serious about his fowl. His great aspiration is to have a championship-winning bird at the top show in North America.

Has the trainer, with a Sovereign perched atop his mantel, been successful enough by his standards? The response is swift and blunt.

“No.” What would it take to make that a “yes”? “I guess winning more important races. But if it happens it happens, if it doesn’t it doesn’t. It’s not going to be the end of the world…You look at those races and say, ‘I’d really like to win one of those races.’ I don’t care what race you look at, there’s guys that have won [it] that are pretty ordinary trainers,” he justifies. Ultimately, his goal is to be a “good person.” The 62-year-old would like to continue to train for a while longer. “Seventy should be the cutoff. What you lose in memory and all that stuff you gain in experience, right?... Janis’ll remember where the paychecks are.”

Baker saddles horses in four races on this Friday afternoon. The stable help bringing the horses to the saddling enclosure are tidily dressed in uniformed shirts, in a matching blue to Baker’s colors, fashioned after Toronto’s Maple Leafs hockey team. Bear’s Prospector – Baker’s shedrow can get confusing to visitors, as many of the horses are owned by Danny Dion’s Bear Stables and have “Bear” names – starts the day off well, capturing the second race under Eurico Rosa da Silva. Two runners give them a shot at win No. 2 in the nightcap. Watching from the upstairs, Baker says, “She’ll win if she gets through,” with an eye to the longer-priced of their fillies, under da Silva. “Come on Eurico!” cheers Maine. The blaze-faced filly creates a hole and bursts through to win, but the excitement is shortlived as “Please hold all tickets” sounds like a death knell over the P.A. Baker views the replay on the monitor. “No way” – not today.

Disappointing? “Yeah,” says Maine, “for the staff and the horse, after getting so excited.”

Baker quickly finds a positive angle. “Do you know what would have been really bad? If she’d been claimed. So that was lucky.”

“Always that silver lining,” Maine points out. “That’s what picks you up again is to see that silver lining.”

They stop to see the race one more time before leaving Woodbine.

“Oh well,” he concludes. “Try again tomorrow.” I

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VETERINARY

Equine Vision

LIGAMENT INJURIES

How the racehorse sees the world

By James Tate BVMS MRCVS

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EQUINE VISION

I

N the wild, the horse is a ‘prey’ or ‘flight’ animal and so is designed to have a wide field of vision to see its predators early and outrun them. As a result, the horse has two large eyes each placed on the widest part of its head giving it almost a 360-degree field of vision.

This article will examine the science behind the vision of our favourite ‘prey’ animal in an attempt to allow our ‘predator’ minds to understand how the horse behaves, as well as going on to examine how equine vision may be affected by the application of racing headgear and eye disorders.

The horse has the largest eye of any land mammal and each eye has lots of pigment and a large ‘letter-box’ shaped pupil. The equine eye is not perfectly round but actually slightly flattened when examined from front to back. Its upper lid is slightly angled due to muscle pulling on it and there are no lashes on the lower lids. It has excellent panoramic vision – low resolution but very little blind-spot.

It seems obvious that horses cannot see directly behind them, however, what surprises many is firstly, how small the blind-spot actually is behind them and secondly, that there is a small blind-spot for the first three or four feet in front of them.

The area of the equine blind-spot is triangular in shape and runs from a specific point three to four feet in front of the horse to behind the horse’s head, back to the horse’s quarters and going on indefinitely if the horse stands with its head directly in front of it. As a consequence, the horse may become startled if something, for example a human, suddenly appears from the blindspot.

While the result of the horse’s eye position is a near 360-degree field of vision, it is worth considering that not all of this field of vision is binocular (seen using both eyes at the same time). In fact, the placement of the equine eye reduces the possible range of binocular vision to around 65 degrees with the result being that a horse has a smaller field of detailed vision than a human.

The horse uses its binocular vision by looking straight at an object, raising its head when looking at a distant predator or a jump, or lowering its head and looking downward and arching its neck slightly when focusing on something on the ground.

An excellent example of how the horse alters is head-carriage to focus on an object is when jumping. Horses may approach the jump with a low head carriage but will always raise their head a few strides before the jump in order to fully focus on it, assess it and hence take off at the appropriate time.

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The positioning of a horse’s eyes gives it almost a 360-degree field of vision

BINOCULAR VISION

MONOCULAR VISION

MONOCULAR VISION

The area in the triangle is the horse’s blind-spot – the only section that it cannot see

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Big Bucks wore the new Maveband sheepskin noseband when winning the World Hurdle at Cheltenham, England

not as well as humans. The horse differs from these three species in that it has a ‘visual streak,’ which is a linear area within the retina (at the back of the eye) with a high concentration of the cells which provide visual detail for the horse. Hence, horses see greater detail when the object they are looking at falls in this region and so they will often tilt, raise or lower their head to place the object within the area of the visual streak.

As a prey animal, the horse is naturally very sensitive to motion as movement is usually the first alert that a predator is approaching and the area of the horse’s retina outside the visual streak is where motion is most readily detected. The wide field of peripheral monocular vision (seen

using one eye) may have relatively poor visual detail but motion is easily detected here and hence horses will act defensively and run if something suddenly moves into their peripheral field of vision as they have sensed the movement but often not actually obtained a detailed view of what they have noticed. It is only after this instinctive, defensive response that the horse may choose to turn to face the object and switch from monocular vision into binocular vision in order to closely assess it. This may help one or two readers understand why their horse has shied at a bird yards away – reaction to movement in the periphery of the equine field of vision is a completely natural thing for a horse to do.

There is a common belief that horses are

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Triple Crown winner Secretariat wearing his customar y blinkers

A blinker with a slit at the back, refer red to in Europe as a ‘visor ’

Choisir in Grade One-winning action at Royal Ascot, England wearing an eyeshield or ‘pacifier ’

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color blind, but as anyone who has had their horse shy at a brightly colored object will know, this is not the case. Although we cannot know for sure, both the anatomy of the equine eye and the results of several studies have given us a fairly good idea of how much color the horse can see. The color-sensing process is the same among all mammals – there are two types of photoreceptors: rods, which are responsible for seeing in dark conditions; and cones, which are sensitive to color and of which the horse has less than a human.

Research carried out at the Medical College of Wisconsin on the neurological response of the eyes of anesthetized horses suggests that horses have dichromatic vision rather than the trichromic vision of humans – in other words, they can see two colors, blue and green, but not red. Indeed, their color perception has been likened to that of humans with red-green color blindness.

There is, however, some suggestion that there may be more cones in the visual streak and hence the horse may not only receive more visual detail when objects fall in this area of the retina but also greater color perception, something that does fit in with the horse’s behavior.

The anatomy of the equine eye also makes a horse’s vision different to a human’s with regard to light. As horses generally have a higher proportion of rods to cones than humans, as well as a tapetum lucidum (reflective layer at the back of the eye), the horse has superior night vision and improved vision on cloudy days. However, the side effect of this is that they also have inferior vision on bright, sunny days and are less able to adjust quickly to changes of light. This should be taken into account when, for example, positioning jumps in the shade. I am sure that many racing enthusiasts remember European Champion Sprinter Dayjur throwing away the 1990 Breeders’ Cup Sprint in dramatic style by jumping the shadow just before the winning post. If only he had less rods and no tapetum lucidum then I am sure he would not have found the shadow so frightening and would have the Breeders’ Cup Sprint on his resume as he deserved.

Having discussed in detail how the horse sees the world, it follows that the effect of racing headgear should now be analyzed.

Firstly, the most common piece of headgear should be considered – blinkers. Applying the theory of equine vision to this piece of headgear, it appears that by putting blinkers on what we are doing is forcing the horse to use its 65 degrees of binocular vision and allowing it very little in the way of peripheral monocular vision. The application of blinkers to legendary Triple Crown winner Secretariat certainly seemed to make him focus on the task in hand as his achievement has not been matched since

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Pollard’s Vision amassed more than $1.4 million in prize-money during his racing career despite being blind in his right eye

Affirmed in 1978. It should also be mentioned that some consider that the ‘shock’ of putting blinkers on can sometimes improve a horse’s form temporarily. If this is the case, then it may be due to the fear of a prey animal, which has suddenly had the bulk of its peripheral vision removed and hence could theoretically ‘run scared’ perhaps until it realizes that there is no need?

There are horses that seem to respond better to having only a portion of their peripheral monocular vision removed and hence there are many types of blinker.

There is a type of blinker that has a ‘slit’ at the back, which is referred to in Europe as a ‘visor.’ Theoretically, this should suit a front-runner who performs better when made to use its binocular vision to concentrate on the race but who will also do better again when allowed a glimpse of horses attempting to pass by means of the slits allowing a small amount of peripheral monocular vision behind.

On close examination of North American headgear it soon becomes apparent that no two sets of blinkers are alike. Cup size is the main variable and ranges from a large cup that allows the horse just the 65 degrees of binocular vision and no mononuclear peripheral vision to a small cup that removes only a tiny amount of a horse’s mononuclear peripheral vision. Blinkers with very small cups are commonly referred to as ‘cheaters’ but even these can be surprisingly effective at significantly improving the performance of certain horses.

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“If the horse wants to race enough, it is amazing how well horses with large visual impairments can perform”

It is amazing how some horses cope with their eye scars. A horse with a large scar in his right eye, which did not stop him winning four races as a three-year- old

Another piece of headgear that affects the vision of the racehorse is the ‘shadow roll’ or ‘sheepskin noseband’ as it is known in Europe. The simple aim of this piece of equipment is to force the horse to lower its

head – if it raises its head too high the thick noseband prevents the horse from seeing forwards. It is desirable for a horse to lower its head for many reasons but two stand out as being more important than the others.

Firstly, because horses do not seem to ‘lengthen’ and gallop to full extension if they have their head stuck in the air like a giraffe and secondly, to make a jumping horse look down at the obstacle in order to measure it accurately. This may be why the shadow roll is so effective in jumps racing as shown recently at the world-renowned Cheltenham Festival in England. Sheepskin nosebands were worn by many horses who performed creditably at the Festival, most notably the Paul Nicholls-trained duo Big Bucks and Kauto Star who won the World Hurdle and Cheltenham Gold Cup respectively.

The final and perhaps most interesting piece of headgear to be discussed is the eyeshield or ‘pacifier.’ This piece of equipment is not commonly used in North America but has been used successfully all over the world with one of the most recent high-profile horses to use it being Choisir, who won Grade One sprints in his native Australia and in England.

At first glance, the tack looks bordering on the ridiculous; however, then our knowledge of equine vision is considered.

Being a prey animal, the horse is particularly sensitive to movement and its natural instinct is to run from such a stimulus but a racehorse can ill afford to lose such nervous energy.

The racetrack with its large crowd,

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extensive facilities and white railings not to mention the large field of animals racing, presents the horse with a huge amount of moving stimuli and some horses simply lose race after race through wasting nervous energy reacting to every movement happening around them.

The eyeshield or ‘pacifier’ does exactly what it claims – it shields the eye from some of the stimuli and so calms certain horses.

However, it should be pointed out that eyeshields are not suitable for racing when large amounts of kickback are expected, for example in dirt racing, as the equipment can become clogged and the horse’s vision blocked.

The final subject that shall be discussed is the effect of eye disorders on vision. The equine eye is a delicate structure and it goes without saying that problems here must be treated before permanent damage is done.

It would be impossible to list every eye condition that can affect vision so what shall be considered instead is the effect of scars left from eye disorders. Sometimes a small corneal ulcer can heal leaving a tiny white scar on the eye that plainly has very little impact on the horse’s vision. However, other horses can be left with large scars that affect the way in which they behave.

It is easy to say that a scar does not cover all the eye so the horse will be able to see enough, but what should be analyzed is the area of the eye which has been compromised and how exactly that individual’s vision will be affected.

Horses with large eye scars are often seen lifting and tilting their heads presumably to try and get an object into their visual streak as best they can. Nevertheless, if the horse wants to race enough, it is amazing how well horses with large visual impairments can

perform as shown by the success of several one-eyed horses, for example, Glenside, who won the 1911 English Grand National; millionaire Grade 2 winner Real Connection; and Cassaleria, winner of three Graded races.

In summary, an understanding of equine vision is crucial in our interactions with horses as well as when deciding on the application of racing headgear. Everybody knows that you should not approach a horse from behind and that horses shy at birds but the theory of how horses see the world simply reinforces the reasons why. This knowledge can then be applied to the use of racing headgear to understand why certain pieces of headgear work on some horses but not on others and perhaps give the reader a little food for thought when deciding what headgear to use on their next runner. I

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Babu (far right) beat Sword Dancer (blinkers) in the Brooklyn Handicap at Jamaica’s final meeting in 1959

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Remembering Jamaica Some of the sport’s greatest horses raced at the racetrack during its 56-year history, but 50 years ago this summer, on August 1, 1959, the popular New York venue opened its doors for the last time. By Bill Heller

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T

HERE was a jewel of a racetrack in Jamaica, Queens, once. It’s been fifty years since Jamaica Racetrack ran its final card of racing, but memories linger.

“Jamaica was just as nice a place as can be,” Hall of Fame trainer Allen Jerkens said recently. “It was the best. It was so convenient. You had the nice paddock, and the paddock was enclosed. It was just wonderful.”

As difficult a concept as this is to grasp, there was a time in his legendary career that Jerkens had yet to prove himself, which is exactly what he proceeded to do at Jamaica.

“That’s where I really started to get going in my career,” he said. “My first stakes race that I ever won was there at two-and-asixteenth miles, the last day of the meeting in 1955 with War Command. I won the Gallant Fox Handicap there with Admiral Vee, too. It was the last stakes race (Hall of Fame jockey) Teddy Atkinson won before he retired.”

Jerkens claimed War Command for $8,000 for owner Al Messler, and the fiveyear-old captured the first running of the 2 1/16-mile Display Handicap under Bill Boland. “He was a sprinter,” Jerkens said.

“He won at five furlongs. We galloped him three miles and a half.”

Earlier in 1955, Jerkens claimed Admiral Vee for $7,500, and the colt earned more than a quarter of a million dollars.

The success of those two horses spoke volumes of Jerkens’ ability, but they were just two of hundreds of memorable winners at Jamaica.

Many of racing’s greatest Thoroughbreds campaigned at Jamaica in its 56-year history, which was interrupted from 1910 through 1913 when all forms of wagering on horse racing in the state of New York were outlawed by the New York State Legislature and Governor Charles Evans Hughes.

When racing resumed in New York, great Thoroughbreds were pointed to stakes at Jamaica.

Man o’ War won the 1919 Youthful Stakes at Jamaica by 2 ¼ lengths, then returned the following year to make parimutuel history in the Stuyvesant Handicap.

Facing just one opponent, Yellow Hand, Man o’ War won by eight lengths at the lowest odds possible, .01-to-1. He would go off at those same odds twice more, in the Lawrence Realization and the Jockey Club Gold Cup, both at Belmont Park.

Triple Crown Champions Gallant Fox, Omaha and Count Fleet all won races at Jamaica.

Jamaica was where the great gray Native Dancer and the great racehorse and sire Bold Ruler began their careers in the mid1950s.

Horses weren’t the only celebrities at Jamaica. The announcer was the legendary

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Parade to post at Jamaica in 1906

“Jamaica was where the great gray Native Dancer and the great racehorse and sire Bold Ruler began their careers in the mid-1950s” Fred. L. “Cappy” Capossela. The officers of the Metropolitan Jockey Club, which owned and operated the track, included such luminaries as John A. Morris, John B. Campbell and Frank E. Kilroe.

Was Jamaica popular? Jamaica drew a staggering crowd of 64,670 on Memorial Day, 1945, marking the resumption of racing following a suspension during World War II. In its last full year of racing in 1958, Jamaica ran from March 28th to May 10th; July 7th to 29th, and October 23rd to November 29th, a total of 91 days.

Previously, Jamaica ran a spring and autumn meet annually.

The Metropolitan Jockey Club was organized in 1901, two years before Jamaica Racetrack opened, April 27th, 1903.

Located in Queens, Jamaica Racetrack was 13.6 miles from New York City. The Long Island Rail Road Company constructed a station near the track

entrance and ran special race trains there on the high platform. The stop was called Locust Manor (Race Track), and trains ran there and back regularly from Penn Station in Manhattan.

The one mile track was egg-shaped. “It was built like a pear,” Jerkens said. “It was unbelievable.”

The track featured a short (1,155 feet) but extremely wide (105 feet) stretch. It was composed of sandy loam, which was easy to drain. Originally the track had a chute, but it was never used. “The track was pretty safe,” Jerkens said.

W.H. Reynolds was the president of the Metropolitan Jockey Club when Jamaica opened its doors in the spring of 1903. The featured race was the $7,000 Excelsior Handicap.

Jamaica received a rave review in the New York Times the next morning under the headlines:

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“Was Jamaica popular? Jamaica drew a staggering crowd of 64,670 on Memorial Day, 1945, marking the resumption of racing following a suspension during World War II”

WHITNEY’S COLT VICTOR Blackstock Made Pace and Cleverly Won Excelsior Handicap An Immense Crowd Witnessed Running of Chief Race at the Opening of New Jamaica Track.

“The formal opening of the Metropolitan Jockey Club’s new race track at Jamaica, celebrated yesterday by 15,000 patrons of racing, resolved itself at the end into quite as great a triumph for William C. Whitney as it was for the owners of the course, for Mr. Whitney’s horse Blackstock furnished the real sensation of the afternoon by winning the special race of the day, the Excelsior Handicap, in a style that more than justified the patience of his stable in going on with a colt that many turf men had already condemned as a racing failure,” the Times reported.

“The big grand stand was filled, and the field stand, only a little smaller, was overflowed when the racing began, while the immense betting shed was packed in a manner indicating that New York race goers had accepted the Excelsior Handicap in advance as an event to be considered with the Metropolitan, Brooklyn and Suburban Handicaps.”

The New York Times wasn’t alone in its praise of the racetrack. “The grand stand has a seating capacity of 9,000 and the pitch is so good that every movement of the horses can be seen from every portion of it,” W.S. Vosburgh wrote in “Racing in America, 1866-1921.” Vosburgh continued, “The clubhouse is a most pretentious structure, with an entresol of boxes, and has a capacity of seating 1,500 people. It is admirably arranged with a great dining-hall, and on the ground floor are the offices for the transaction of the business of racing. The paddock is an extensive one, with a great shed, or receiving stable, fitted with boxes for the horses taking part in races.”

To kids in Queens, when the track wasn’t open, the track parking lot was a great place to play. In winter, kids turned it into a makeshift ice-skating rink.

On the track, one of Jamaica’s signature races was the Wood Memorial, named for Eugene D. Wood, who was one of the track’s founders and presidents. Wood was known as “The Man with a Million Friends,” and a 1954 Jamaica program story about him said that his “energy, foresight and geniality was greatly responsible for the organization of the Metropolitan Jockey Club.”

William C. Whitney’s Backbone won the initial Wood Memorial in 1925 under Ivan Parke, and over the years the race became a great prep for the Kentucky Derby.

In addition to the Excelsior Handicap and Wood Memorial, other prestigious stakes contested at Jamaica included the Youthful Stakes for two-year-olds and the Stuyvesant and Southampton Handicaps for three-yearolds.

In Jamaica’s earlier years, 1918 Kentucky Derby winner Exterminator took two of five starts at Jamaica, and 1921 Belmont Stakes winner Grey Lag four of nine. Black Maria, Maskette, Old Rosebud, Pan Zareta, Roamer, Roseben and Zev all won at Jamaica.

In the mid-1930s, Seabiscuit lost his first six starts at Jamaica before capturing his final race there, the 1937 Continental Handicap, by five lengths at 4-5 under Red Pollard.

Johnstown lost his debut in allowance

company, then won a maiden and four stakes at Jamaica, including the 1939 Wood Memorial by eight lengths, on his way to winning the Kentucky Derby, Withers and Belmont Stakes. He finished his career 14-for-21.

In the 1940s, 33 of 48 dirt champions in the country made at least one start at Jamaica. Stymie raced at Jamaica 34 times, winning 13, including the 1947 Gallant Fox Handicap. His career record of 35 victories, 33 seconds and 28 thirds from 131 starts is a lasting testament of his durability.

In the ’50s, 43 of 59 U.S. dirt champions raced at least once at Jamaica.

Native Dancer began his career at Jamaica, April 19th, 1952, winning his debut by 4 ½ lengths. He then captured the Youthful Stakes by six lengths just four days later. Native Dancer finished five-for-five at Jamaica, adding the East View, the first division of the Gotham and the 1953 Wood Memorial to his victories in his debut and in the Youthful Stakes. Sent off at 1-10 in the Wood Memorial, Native Dancer romped by 4 ½ lengths. He probably would be recognized as the greatest horse of all time had he not been defeated by Dark Star by a head in the 1953 Kentucky Derby, Native Dancer’s lone blemish in his 22-race career.

Bold Ruler began his career at Jamaica with three straight victories in 1956 and went off the 3-5 favorite in the 1956 Remsen Stakes under Hall of Famer Eddie Arcaro. Bold Ruler had a poor start, was blocked and then eased. The following spring, Bold Ruler edged Gallant Man by a nose in a thrilling renewal of the Wood Memorial. Bold Ruler returned to Jamaica for two more starts, capturing the 1957 Queens County Handicap at 1-5, but losing his final career start, the 1958 Brooklyn Handicap, when he finished a dismal seventh at 2-5.

Other equine stars in Jamaica’s final decade of racing included Crafty Admiral, First Landing and Nashua, who scored in the 1955 Wood Memorial by a neck at even money and the 1956 Grey Lag Handicap by a head at 4-5.

Both Grecian Queen and High Voltage made 14 starts at Jamaica, winning five and four of them, respectively.

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Next Move went five-for-12 at Jamaica, Tom Fool five-for-eight and Tea-Maker eight for 31.

Tom Fool gave his fans at Jamaica an incredible number of close calls. He won the East View Stakes by a neck to conclude his two-year-old season in 1951, he began his three-year-old campaign at Jamaica by taking an allowance race by a neck. He then lost the Wood Memorial to Master Fiddle by that same margin. In three consecutive stakes later in 1952, he won the Grey Lag Handicap by a nose over Battlefield, lost the Westchester Handicap to Battlefield by a nose, and added the Empire City Handicap by a head over Marcador.

Great racing, however, couldn’t keep Jamaica going. Jamaica’s fate was sealed in September, 1955, when the New York State Racing Commission authorized the not-forprofit Greater New York Association (GNYA) – which later changed its name to the New York Racing Association – to acquire the assets of the four racing associations operating Aqueduct Racetrack, Belmont Park, Jamaica and Saratoga Race Course. The Commission’s reasoning was that the only way New York could preserve its status as the top racing venue in the United States was to have all the tracks owned and operated by a single not-forprofit entity.

The four racing properties were purchased for $20 million at the following rates: shareholders of Belmont Park accepted $91 per share, of Saratoga $102 per share, of Aqueduct $183 per share and of Jamaica $325 a share.

On September 7th, 1955, GNYA was officially in business. One of its first decisions was to rebuild Aqueduct at a cost of approximately $34 million and close Jamaica.

Before the renovated Aqueduct reopened on September 14th, 1959, Jamaica ran its final card of racing August 1st and ceased operations, joining the list of New York racetracks no longer in operation: Brighton Beach, Gravesend, Jerome Park, Morris Park and Sheepshead Bay. Jamaica Racetrack became the Rochdale Village housing development.

On the final day of racing at Jamaica, August 1st, 1959, Sword Dancer went off the even money favorite in the Brooklyn Handicap under Bill Shoemaker. But after acting unruly and swerving at the start,

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Copyrighted c.2009 by Daily Racing Form, LLC and Equibase Company Reprinted with Permission of the Copyright owner

Sword Dancer finished second by threequarters of a length to Babu. He’d never get a chance to run there again. No horse would.

At the time, an article about Jamaica Racetrack concluded: “Jamaica went out of business in 1959 to make way for a housing Jamaica clubhouse in 1905, as seen from the infield

development now designated Rochdale Village. This type of real estate transaction is known as ‘progress,’ … but a lot of oldtimers could put up a hell of an argument on that topic.”

Jerkens was asked nearly 50 years later if he was sorry to see Jamaica close. “Oh yeah, I was,” he said. “They thought they were getting obsolete. They could have rebuilt that one.” I

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WHY DO RACEHORSES HAVE AN OPTIMUM TRIP? Irrespective of where in the world Thoroughbreds are raced, individual horses are usually campaigned over a narrow range of distance and are often categorized as sprinters (5-6f/1000-1200m)), middle distance performers (7-10f/1400-2000m) or stayers (>10f/>2000m). Whereas in the USA and Australia most races are run at up to and around a mile (1600m), in Europe there is a greater range of racing distances, from 5f (1000m) to 2 miles 6f (4400m) on the flat and from 2 miles (3200m) to 4 miles 4f (7200m) over jumps.

So why is it, when the Thoroughbred breed arose from such a small gene pool, that individual horses seem to be suited by different and narrow ranges of trip? Here we shall explore the principal factors behind these observations and the genetic influences that might be responsible for them.

By Dr Jeremy Naylor Performance determinants and optimum distance The principal factors that determine a horse’s racing performance are its genetic potential, its training and its environment (including atmospheric conditions, nutrition, tactics, rider, shoeing, racing surface and terrain). The former factor is the responsibility of the breeder while the others are to some extent controlled by the trainer. The relative importance of these factors is still very much open to debate.

However, few would question the primary role of genetics: even when conditioned by the world’s best trainers, moderately bred horses rarely perform competitively in the highest grades.

A more in-depth look at what determines 36 TRAINERMAGAZINE.com ISSUE 13

an individual’s performance reveals another array of essential elements. These are the physiological attributes of its muscles and cardio-respiratory system (its “engine capacity”), the biomechanics of how it converts muscle contraction into propulsion (its “transmission”), and very importantly its motivation (its “will to win”).

The principal physiological components are the muscle mass and the cardiorespiratory systems that play supporting roles in carrying oxygen and other essential fuels to the muscles. The elite status of the Thoroughbred horse among the mammalian species relates to all these components, with muscle being a greater proportion of their body weight and cardiorespiratory systems that have enormously

superior capacity for carrying oxygen. It is clear from studies of racehorses and humans that maximal capacity for oxygen consumption (VO2max) is an important factor in determining peak performance.

Muscle Fiber Types Absolutely central to the issue of optimal trip are the relative proportions of slow (type I) and fast twitch muscle fibers (types IIa and IIb, the latter being the faster). A high proportion of fast twitch fibers conveys greater power and strength, hence speed potential, whereas more slow twitch fibers provide greater resistance to fatigue but at lower speed, hence greater stamina.

Compared with other breeds, Thoroughbreds have a higher proportion of types IIa and IIb fibers, with sprinters tending to have more IIb than stayers. In the 1970s and 80s the prospect of muscle fiber typing was popularized for helping select horses for trip, but was never adopted widely. A principal reason was that the differences between individuals was not sufficiently clear-cut to be of everyday value, coupled with the difficult technical aspects of taking repeatable samples.

Causes of Fatigue Causes of fatigue play a central role in dictating optimum distance and are closely allied to the concept of varying muscle fiber proportions. In high intensity exercise the main cause of fatigue is the increasing acidity within the muscle fibers brought about by the accumulation of lactic acid.

This arises as a byproduct of glucose breakdown which is incomplete due to the relative lack of oxygen supply in the face of very high demand. Acid accumulation slows down muscle contraction by limiting the rate at which the essential metabolic reactions can operate.

This process is considered by many to be the primary determinant of a horse’s cruising speed. A horse that can maintain a high running speed without fatiguing is more likely to be successful in races. All

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“Dr. Harrison made the revealing discovery that the inheritance of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in horses can have a profound effect on whether progeny will be better suited to sprinting or staying”

Kona Gold with Alex Solis up before winning the 2003 El Conejo Handicap at Santa Anita Park

McDynamo with Jody Petty wins the 2006 Breeders’ Cup Steeplechase

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“Ultimately horses that are least affected by the inevitable discomfort of intense exercise are more likely to win ” horses have a critical threshold speed: below this they can continue to run for relatively prolonged periods, whereas every fraction over that speed leads to more rapidly ensuing fatigue. This is represented graphically above to compare two horses with different threshold speeds for the onset of blood lactate accumulation (or “OBLA”).

Here, Horse A has a higher threshold speed for OBLA and hence a higher cruising speed. By measuring lactic acid concentration in the blood after exercise it is possible to measure this for individual horses (it spills over into the blood as its concentration increases in muscle cells) and to follow its improvement during training.

A further important factor is the tolerance of individuals to the build up of acid in the muscle cells: some horses have a higher “buffering capacity” than others and so have a greater ability to withstand acid accumulation without causing fatigue.

Studies in horses have illustrated this by showing different thresholds for lactate and ammonia accumulation in the blood.

Biomechanics Biomechanical factors include the horse’s conformation and the relative proportions of its various limb segments. These, coupled with the muscle fiber types, will dictate the stride length and stride frequency, which are principal determinants of speed and the efficiency by which energy is converted from muscle contraction to forward propulsion.

Studies of stride length and stride frequency at racing pace have provided

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some evidence that there are differences between sprinting and staying horses. This preliminary data suggests that sprinters are able to maintain higher stride frequencies whereas stayers tend to favor longer strides with relatively lower frequency. These studies are in their infancy and further confirmed results could potentially influence what trainers are looking for in breeze-up sales in matching pedigree to stride pattern.

Motivation Finally, but as important as all other factors that determine performance, is motivation,

or the horse’s attitude to racing. Every trainer knows of individuals full of talent in training that fail to reproduce it under racing conditions. No horse has a conscious incentive to win a race, and few, if any (at least in European racing) know where the finishing line is located. Without the horse being prepared to exert itself in the hurlyburly of a race and withstand a measure of the discomfort of high-intensity fatiguing exercise, it is unlikely ever to be a winner.

Horse psychology may well have a significant influence on optimum distance.

Sprinters are characteristically more extrovert while stayers are typically more laid back in their approach to running.

These qualities are important for different styles of racing: stayers need to relax and conserve energy for the finish, whereas sprinters may be running at close to maximal speed for much of the race.

While the principal causes of muscle fatigue have been outlined above there are also “central” factors in fatigue that originate in the central nervous system. Ultimately horses that are least affected by the inevitable discomfort of intense exercise are more likely to win. Here physiology and psychology can never be separated because the discomfort is physiological in origin and may have negative psychological consequences. A prime example of this is seen in how, not infrequently, horses incapable of winning flat races can be successful over jumps, and vice versa. Here, moderate flat horses that excel over jumps must have greater psychological acceptance of the task. The pace is slower, the distances longer and there are jumping efforts.

However it cannot be solely down to physical stamina since there are many examples of talented flat stayers who could not translate that ability into success in even modest jump races.

ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF PERFORMANCE Aerobic capacity

Anaerobic capacity

Physiological fitness

Biomechanical efficiency, Stride Length, Frequency

Soundness

Motivation

Athletic Performance Specific skills

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TRAINING

Four-time Ascot Gold Cup winner Yeats

Genetic determination of performance and selection for distance The weight of evidence would suggest that it is nature (breeding) rather than nurture (training) that dictates a horse’s optimum distance. Most trainers start by judging a horse’s likely trip from its pedigree and the winning distances of sire, dam and immediate families. However, early training of most young horses is similar: only as they start to do faster work will trainers sort them out as to their relative ability and running style.

Although there is general acceptance that the basis for optimum trip is genetically determined, very little is known beyond this, despite the explosion of genetics research in recent years. Even in human sport science, there is little known of the genes responsible for performance and the mode of inheritance of athletic ability. The candidate genes for study of elite athletic performance are those involved in energy reactions within muscle cells, in determining muscle fiber types and of the cardio-respiratory systems.

There is a good deal of evidence for a direct mode of inheritance of muscle fiber types in mammals. Simply stated, if a sprinter is bred to a sprinter, there is a high likelihood that the progeny will be endowed with high proportions of fast twitch IIb muscle fibers, with the converse being true for stayers.

However, as with most natural phenomena there are further layers of complexity.

Some recent studies in horses have cast a new light on another means of inheritance for sprinting vs staying ability. Anecdotally, horse breeders often talk about stamina being passed down maternal lines. While there has been little factual basis for this contention, it has received a good deal of attention. In the late 1800s Bruce Lowe published “Breeding Racehorses by the Figure System,” where he divided the breed into 43 female lines based on families’ success in the English Classics. Later, during the 1950s, Captain Bobinski and Count Zamoyski produced the monumental work Family Tables of Racehorses and expanded Lowe's system to a total of 74 families.

Interestingly, recent human research has provided strong evidence for stamina being

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passed down maternal lines, through measurements within family groups of physiological attributes such as oxygen consumption during exercise before and after endurance training. In all species, capacity for oxygen consumption is an important determinant of performance. It is itself determined by many factors that include the ability to use oxygen in the muscle and the ability to transport oxygen around the body. The former is dependent on the concentrations of chemical compounds (enzymes) that break down glucose in the presence of oxygen to release energy for muscle contraction. These reactions occur within mitochondria, which are microscopic cigar-shaped structures within the muscle cells.

Dr. Stephen Harrison utilizes modern genetics research techniques to investigate a subject that has been discussed by horse breeders since Thoroughbred breeding began. Intriguing evidence has emerged that many of the genes that code for mitochondrial structure are found on its own DNA segment separate to the main DNA in

“If a sprinter is bred to a sprinter, there is a high likelihood that the progeny will be endowed with high proportions of fast twitch IIb muscle fibers, with the converse being true for stayers”

the cell’s nucleus. This DNA is only passed from the dam to its offspring and is responsible for producing key enzymes in muscle cell energy reactions during exercise.

Dr. Harrison pursued this line of inquiry in horses and made the revealing discovery that the inheritance of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in horses can have a profound effect on whether progeny will be better suited to sprinting or staying. He discovered that there are 17 different types of mtDNA (haplotypes) in Thoroughbred horses and that five of these, found in over 50% of all young horses, can endow the progeny with either enhanced speed or stamina. Harrison’s view is that when considering mating plans, it is worthwhile establishing the haplotypes of dam and sire in order to maximize the odds for successful outcomes.

In an industry whose annual turnover runs into millions of any currency you might care to consider, and where many still talk of the influence of sires and dams several generations in the past, such an approach would appear to make very good sense for anyone trying to make breeding pay. This is a refreshing step forward that uses modern advances in genetics: Thoroughbred breeding has so far largely ignored this established scientific discipline whose application has successfully transformed stock breeding of other domestic species.

However, like many schemes for breeding winners, the efficacy of this approach remains to be proven in practice.

Conclusion The concept of horses having an optimum trip is reinforced by our understanding of the physiology of performance. Much evidence points to there being a strong genetic basis for an optimum distance, especially in regard to heritability of muscle fiber types and a maternal basis for inheritance of oxygen consumption, mediated at least in part by mtDNA haplotypes. For those trying to breed successful racehorses, it might well make good sense to consider these factors in determining mating plans. Only by selecting stock using appropriate objective criteria will it be possible to fix the genes that are relevant to performance. I

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NUTRITION

GUT FEELING

Digestive Aids

By Catherine Dunnett BSc, PhD, R,Nutr

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DIGESTIVE AIDS

H

ORSES in training are susceptible to a number of digestive problems, such as gastric ulcers, colitis and colic. Although less severe, chronic loose droppings, which may be associated with a failure to thrive, are also fairly common. The prevalence of these conditions amongst racehorses is likely to be a consequence of our feeding and management practices, given the anatomical design of the horse’s gastrointestinal tract.

While the cause of gastric ulcers is fairly clearly defined, the trigger for other digestive issues such as colic or colitis is less easily explained. Likewise, the cause of persistent loose droppings in some horses in training cannot always be found. However, in all of these cases a disruption to the normal microbial balance within the digestive tract may contribute to the underlying issue.

Nearly three billion bacteria in the caecum alone The microbial community within the equine digestive tract consists of a vast population of bacteria of many different types, as well as other organisms such as protozoa and yeast. We should not think of this population as being static, as it constantly changes in response to the diet and is also influenced by other environmental and management factors.

The microbial population is particularly sensitive to any sudden change in diet, especially where the starch and fiber content of the ration is concerned, e.g. as

E.Coli can contribute to colic, colitis and diarrhea

“The microbial population is particularly sensitive to any sudden change in diet, especially where the starch and fiber content of the ration is concerned” may occur when a horse in full training on full rations is injured and requires box rest with a swift change to a convalescent diet.

Veterinary medications including some antibiotics and worming treatments have also been shown to have a detrimental impact on the microbial balance in the gut.

A change in environment or travel, as well as racing itself, can also impact on these microbial communities as a result of the response to stress.

Balance on the inside maintains health on the outside Disruption to the normal balance of bacteria in the hindgut particularly can have

a profound impact on both short term and long term health in racehorses because they are dependent on the activity of these bacteria for a number of crucial digestive and other functions including: Fermentation of fiber as an energy source Fermentation of starch that escapes digestion in the small intestine Metabolism and removal of lactic acid produced as a result of this starch fermentation Assistance in water re-absorption from the hindgut Synthesis of a wide range of B vitamins crucially needed for energy metabolism Maintenance of a healthy immune system through the constant stimulation by resident bacteria The ability of the bacterial population to ‘do their job’ can be compromised to a lesser or greater extent when the nature of the bacterial population changes. A decrease in the number or activity of the ‘useful bacteria’ can occur because of the environment in the hindgut becoming inhospitable, e.g. when excess starch arrives and is rapidly fermented, making the environment more acidic. As well as shifting the balance of different types of bacteria that are normally present, this can also pave the way for the opportunistic growth of pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella Sp., Clostridium Sp., E.coli Sp. and other organisms including Cryptosporidium, which can contribute to colic, colitis and diarrhea.

Feeds and supplements that incorporate ingredients that function as digestive aids are potentially useful in the ration of horses in training, as they seek to maintain a hospitable environment in the hindgut and hence keep a stable and beneficial microbial balance offering a preventative measure against digestive upset. There are a range of nutraceutical and other ingredients that are commonly found, either in isolation or in combination, in commercial racing feeds and/or supplements. Their worth is dependent on the rationale for their use, as well as the research available to support their efficacy.

Prebiotic FOS – a lunchbox for beneficial bacteria FOS prebiotics are ingredients that are often derived from sugar beet or chicory and are commonly referred to as fructooligosaccharides or simply FOS. A FOS prebiotic cannot be degraded by digestive enzymes in the small intestine, but travels to the hindgut where it is selectively fermented by ‘beneficial’ bacteria, helping to retain or restore a healthy microbial balance.

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their diet, has been investigated. Feeding FOS daily reduced the incidence of colic in a group of 126 horses. Subsequently nutritionists have suggested that this beneficial effect is likely to be dose dependent with recommendations of between 10-40g per day being advocated. It is therefore important to be aware of how much FOS your feed or supplement is delivering per day. The mechanism of this proposed effect on the incidence of colic is not completely understood, although recent studies suggest that FOS may help to limit the detrimental effects of a high starch diet on the hindgut microflora by limiting the accumulation of lactic acid.

Recently it has also been shown that FOS may also be active in the stomach where there is a smaller population of bacteria present. FOS is thought to help maintain a slightly higher gastric pH, which may have future relevance for gastric ulcers, although more work in this area is probably required.

Prebiotic MOS – Promising but with limited evidence Another ingredient known as mannanoligosaccharides or MOS is also strictly classified as a prebiotic. MOS, which are usually derived from yeast cell walls, supposedly bind harmful or pathogenic bacteria within the digestive tract, allowing them to be trapped and to pass out in the feces. In this way, they decrease the ability of organisms such as Salmonella sp. to attach to the gut wall and cause disease including diarrhea. While there have been many positive studies carried out in agricultural animals, there is a paucity of evidence for this ingredient specifically in adult horses, although in foals, where diarrhea in early life is common, MOS has been successfully used to reduce the incidence of more severe diarrhea when mares were supplemented with MOS prior to and following foaling.

Probiotics – live yeasts vs. bacteria You may be more familiar with the term probiotic, as these have been actively used in horse diets for many years. There is still, however, some confusion as to what is and what isn’t a probiotic. In simple terms, a probiotic ingredient has to be alive, i.e. a live bacteria or a live yeast. That is not to say that attenuated or ‘dead’ bacteria or yeasts have no beneficial effect, but strictly speaking they should not be termed ‘probiotic.’ Probiotics should also have a beneficial effect on the host, in this case the horse.

Live yeasts are good house guests The live yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is one of the more extensively studied probiotic ingredients available, with the majority of the published work in horses to

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Fungus

date having used the strain NCYC 1026.

There is a significant body of evidence from scientific trials in horses that supports its use for horses in training, where a high starch diet is fed, especially if forage intake is restricted. Supplementation with live yeast again appears to limit the negative effect that large high-starch containing meals can have on both the acidity in the hindgut and on the associated microbial balance. This effect is probably due to their ability to moderate hindgut pH by increasing the ratio of lactic acid-utilizing to lactic acid-producing bacteria. In other words, a horse in training is likely to produce more lactic acid in its hindgut due to the constant stream of starch escaping digestion in the small intestine and being fermented by lactic acid-producing bacteria.

Stimulation of the growth and activity of bacteria that are capable of using lactic acid as a ‘food source’ and thus removing it is therefore a clear advantage. Live yeasts have also been shown to increase the level or activity of cellulolytic, or fiber-fermenting, bacteria which is also good.

Live yeast cells, which are measured in terms of colony-forming units per kilogram (CFU/kg), appear to be robust enough to reach their main site of action in the hindgut, but are houseguests only as they do not grow or multiply here. Live yeast cells are therefore rapidly lost in the feces within 72 hours of consumption and so their beneficial effects can only be maintained, we assume, by continuous daily feeding. What’s more is that perhaps not surprisingly the disappearance of the live yeast cells from the hindgut appears to be related to the initial CFU intake. So again, attention needs to be given to the CFU content of the particular feed or supplement used, as in this case more would appear to be better.

Bacterial probiotics – less evidence so far...

In contrast to live yeast, the beneficial effect of bacterial probiotics in horses is less well established, with some contradictory research being published to date. Much of our information on bacterial probiotics has been extrapolated from other species and there have been relatively fewer positive studies in horses reported. However, as any beneficial effects of such probiotics are likely to be strain specific, we may not as yet have identified the specific strains that work consistently well in horses.

No clear beneficial effects have been demonstrated for bacterial probiotic species including Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactobacillus pentsosus. Lactobacillus pentsosus showed initial promise, having been reported to inhibit Escherichia coli, Salmonella zooepidemicus, Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringes in lab bench studies. However, in a subsequent in

Fungus

The fungus, protozoon, yeast and bacteria micro-organisms are all beneficial to the gut, whereas salmonella can cause major digestive problems

“Supplementation with live yeast appears to limit the negative effect that large high-starch content meals can have on both the acidity in the hindgut and on the associated microbial balance”

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Yeast

Do routine wormers adversely affect gut microbial balance?

One area of horse management where digestive aids such as those discussed above may be useful is during worming and antibiotic therapy. Preliminary research suggests that several different types of anthelmintic drugs (wormers) do significantly affect the microbial population in the hindgut as well as the level of acidity present. Worming with fenbendazole-, ivermectin- and moxidectin-containing wormers all resulted in a short term but significant increase in hindgut acidity, which was associated with a large decrease in the relative numbers of fiber-digesting bacteria on the day of treatment and the day after.

The number of bacteria capable of using and thus removing lactic acid from the gut was also significantly reduced, but only following ivermectin and moxidectin administration.

While this transient change may not be such an issue for many horses and is rectified quickly, it may leave others susceptible to further digestive problems. Digestive aids such as prebiotics or probiotic yeasts may be useful during worming in this respect, but more research is needed to better define this effect, especially how it may be affected by the basal diet.

Protozoon

Bacteria

vivo trial in foals there was no beneficial effect on the incidence of diarrhea and it was suggested that the treatment may have actually promoted diarrhea.

Many of the studies using bacterial probiotic ingredients have concentrated on their ability to limit Salmonella sp. shedding and associated disease. Horses can carry Salmonella sp. in their gut shedding only low levels of this pathogenic bacterium when they are healthy. Shedding of Salmonella sp. can significantly increase with stress, e.g. when horses are hospitalized or during extended travel. A recent series of studies, however, suggests that the prevalence of fecal shedding of Salmonella sp. in racehorses is quite low. Of 429 Thoroughbred racehorses sampled at four racetracks in Louisiana, only nine horses (2.1%) showed evidence of Salmonella sp. shedding in feces.

While there may not be the published evidence as yet to support the use of particular bacterial-based probiotics, a distinction needs to be made from live

them to pass out in the feces, thus minimizing any deleterious effects.

However, although some preliminary studies suggest these ingredients show promise, more work is needed to confirm their role and effectiveness for the mycotoxins that are typical of our temperate climate.

Salmonella

yeasts, which, remember, are also probiotics, but these clearly have a better remit within the diet of a horse in training.

Mycotoxin binders adsorb mycotoxins found in forage or cereal There is no doubt that ingestion of mycotoxins, which are metabolites produced by mold species, are a potential occupational hazard for horses in training.

Forage and concentrate feed are both possible sources of mycotoxin contamination. The level of mycotoxins in feed will be affected by growing, harvesting and storage conditions of the forage or grain ingredients. Mycotoxin ingestion has been proposed as a factor in the development of colic and other digestive disturbances.

Avoiding mycotoxin contamination is preferable and many feed companies now routinely test their ingredients for a range of possible mycotoxins prior to use.

Mycotoxin binding agents can be used to adsorb mycotoxins in the gut, allowing

Post antibiotic diarrhea is a risk with some antibiotics In contrast, the effect of some antibiotics on the microbial population of the digestive tract is more thoroughly documented and post-antibiotic diarrhea is a recognized disorder associated with antibiotics such as tetracyclines, erythromycin and penicillin.

Loose droppings or diarrhea through disruption to the microbial population appears to be less of a risk with other commonly used antibiotics such as trimethoprim/sulphonamide.

Loose droppings are a relatively common finding in horses in training and are a practical area of concern for vets and trainers. However, despite this there has been very little research to investigate the practical usefulness of ingredients such as prebiotics and live yeast probiotics, as an adjunct to veterinary therapy in this scenario. Accepting that there are probably multiple factors that contribute to loose droppings and/or diarrhea, it would be helpful to see more published studies to either support or refute their use in this clinical situation.

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Am I galloping enough? Or too much?

When is my filly ready to breeze 5/8s safely?

Does my colt race better when breezed 3/8s a week prior to the start?

How quickly does each horse in my stable recover from the last race?

Training with more precision You can now learn more about your horses in three weeks of training than you traditionally learn over three months of racing, simply by monitoring speed, intensity, and recovery during every gallop and breeze.

By Bill Pressey

I

MAGINE tailoring the workout to the specific fitness level of each horse – instead of “gallop her two miles” you can now order: “after warm up, go first lap in 3:45, second lap in 2:40” – knowing that those paces are EXACTLY what she needs to come back stronger.

Every horseman knows that each horse in his care is an individual, yet too often the training stimulus is not adapted to this fact.

With the recent advances in GPS technology, along with on-board heart rate monitoring, trainers can now receive objective data that serves as a fitness monitoring system to reflect the efficacy of the training process on each equine athlete in his care.

You will not find long scientific explanations here – those have been written elsewhere, what follows is practical information you can use to fine tune your training decisions immediately – which results in better performances on the track and more peace of mind for all involved.

A Quick Note on Exercise Physiology The whole purpose of training is to provide an exercise stimulus that results in the horse coming back stronger and fitter in the days that follow.

The baseline (diagram 1) represents time – if we perform the appropriate training load – after recovery from fatigue, when the athlete bounces back to a state of greater fitness (overcompensation).

By monitoring the physiological response

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1 Overcompensation

Training load

Fatigue Recovery

2 A

B

C

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to each training session, we can determine what workload (gallop speed, breeze distance, etc.) is necessary to elicit the largest conditioning response, demonstrated by Line B (diagram 2).

Line A depicts a state of under-training, where fitness levels return to baseline between exercise demands, and Line C shows over-training, where too much work causes excess fatigue and ultimately injury.

There are three variables to control in order to achieve the perfect workout regimen: speed, distance, and frequency – or how fast, how far, and how often. Using GPS and heart rate monitoring will help you discover the best combination of the three for each horse in your barn.

That’s it, no more science – onwards to practical applications.

Good and Bad Breezes Defined Both of these charts (right) are of half-mile breezes in 50 seconds on the same day from two different mares. To the trainer and the exercise rider, as well as the stopwatch, both seemed equal.

Good breeze – this mare went on to win her next three races, the rider was instructed that she had a good four furlongs of run in her, so she could be started a bit earlier than the 3/8s pole if necessary.

Bad breeze – this mare broke to the le ad at the six-furlong distance, but came up short down the lane, then was off with general soreness issues after two out of the money efforts.

Notes The ‘good breeze’ mare showed very low heart rates during the warm up walk to the track, as well as during the jogging phase, while the ‘bad breeze’ mare showed an obvious elevated heart rate throughout.

Heart rate is the best indicator of intensity.

The actual half mile breeze portion is indicated by the ‘peak’ of the blue line, although both times were in the :50 range, the first finished much stronger than the last, who tired noticeably, yet reached a higher peak velocity.

Heart rate response, in red, was abnormal in the second example. In the first example, heart rate moved in lockstep with velocity, which is common in all fit athletes.

A trainer presented with this information could then decide that #1 was ready to race, or ready to breeze 5/8s next time out.

Mare #2 could then be moved back to the 3/8s distance, or sent to the vet for a checkup, as she certainly is not in race-shape and risks injury going forwards.

The most important conclusion to draw is: if your horse cannot recover near 100% from a rolling half-mile breeze in :50 during training, he/she has little left in the tank when a race goes in :46 for the half.

GOOD BREEZE

LEGEND: The bottom line/baseline is elapsed time in minutes The red line is hear t rate response The blue line is gallop velocity

BAD BREEZE

SUMMARY #1 – good #2 – bad

Distance 0.5 0.5

Time 50.3 50.1

Peak speed 37.9mph 40.4mph

HRrecovery 94% 59%

Notes will race 6F well very poor, see vet

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Determining Ideal Gallop Paces Just as winning and losing horses exhibit specific physiological responses to half-mile training breezes, they also have vastly different gallop charts.

Notes The ‘good gallop’ shows a horse moving at an average pace of 2:26 min/mile, or 18.3 sec/furlong, with an average HR of 191bpm. In contrast, the ‘bad gallop’ horse moves at a 2:38 pace, 19.8 sec/furlong, but with an average HR of 221 bpm. Horse #2 gallops slower and works harder than horse #1 – a bad combination.

The result is that horse #1 spends much more time in sub-maximal heart rate zones (4m 31s) which elicit a host of physiological improvements, whereas horse #2 is mostly in the maximal zone (all except for 55 seconds), which fosters more of a state of survival within the body, as opposed to an environment where the internal systems can grow stronger and thrive.

Here we get an introduction to the shaded areas of the chart, which correspond to intensity zones as indicated by heart rate.

From the bottom of the chart moving up:

GOOD GALLOP

LEGEND: The bottom line/baseline is elapsed time in minutes The red line is hear t rate response The blue line is gallop velocity

BAD GALLOP

(BLUE) RECOVERY ZONE (60-70% of maximum heart rate):

Ideal for active recovery and flushing out of lactic acid post breeze Jogs meant to improve recovery should take place here (GREEN) AEROBIC ZONE (70-80% of maximum heart rate):

Maximizes effectiveness of respiration and lung function Increases body’s ability to use oxygen and remove carbon dioxide Increases growth of capillaries Lasix-like effect on horses, decreases blood pressure via vasodilation (YELLOW) THRESHOLD ZONE (80-90% of maximum heart rate):

Maximizes ability to run relaxed at race pace Increases body’s ability to perform with significant lactic acid present Training in this zone delays the onset of fatigue in a race TCO2/Milkshake effect on horses, naturally buffering lactic acid (RED) MAXIMAL ZONE (90-100% of maximum heart rate):

Fatigue comes on quickly at this level of work Main benefit is that of neuromuscular coordination Sub-maximal gallops should NOT spend a lot of time here Breezes/races will always elicit this type of heart rate response

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In just one gallop, horse #1 experiences five times more exposure to the GREEN and YELLOW intensity zones and their beneficial effects than does horse #2. How do the horses in your care gallop? Great like #1, or poorly as with #2?

Interestingly enough, winning horses train themselves when it comes to gallops, whereas poor performing horses are in essence ‘allowing their outsides to outrun their insides.’ What I mean by this is that their musculature and fight or flight nature is carrying them too fast for their internal systems such as lungs, blood chemistry, ligaments/tendons, etc. at this moment in time.

The good news is that we can use this data to compute which gallop paces horse #2 needs to perform today in order to place himself in these zones. As a matter of fact, we can do that for every horse in the barn as indicated in the table to the right.

Here V200 indicates the velocity at which a heart rate of 200 is reached.

This can be likened to aerobic capacity or stamina, as numbers of over 25mph are necessary to be competitive. Racing with V200 values in the low 20s definitely puts you at a higher likelihood of injury.

As you can see, we can now customize the gallop paces to allow each horse to benefit from the sub-maximal heart rate intensity levels. This is a constant moving target, as horses should improve weekly and move up to faster training paces.

Your stock will now separate itself according to performance ability on the training track. In the group above, the first three are consistent winners, the middle group can hit the money, but not consistently, and the last group is not yet race-ready.

GALLOPS

V200 Threshold mph Lick

Charlie Green Forest Duty Free Dry River Lilly Doctor Know Donna G Aged Tattoo Zen Master Punky One Danny Boy

26.2 26.1 25.5 24.9 24.3 23.7 23.4 23.3 23.3 20.6 19.1 16.3

2:28 2:30 2:33 2:37 2:41 2:45 2:47 2:48 2:48 3:10 3:24 4:00

*the names above are fictional*

Aerobic Recovery Lick Lick

3:33 3:35 3:37 3:41 3:42 3:43 3:44 3:45 3:45 4:19 4:50 5:07

4:40 4:42 4:50 4:55 4:56 4:57 5:00 5:02 5:02 5:30 5:55 6:15

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Application of technology With the advent of this type of technology owners and trainers will be better positioned to monitor their investments. Every heart beat before/during/after exercise is being monitored and analyzed for early warning signs of illness or injury.

Additionally, this will allow trainers to use this data to construct ideal training plans for each individual equine athlete.

This is not a new way to train, simply a way to provide objective data to pair with subjective information that comes from the riders and grooms.

Traditional methods give a great picture from the outside of the horse, but monitoring vital signs during training can fill in those missing pieces found on the inside – from the lungs, the heart, the muscles, skeletal system and blood.

“Every heart beat before/during/ after exercise is being monitored and analyzed for early warning signs of illness or injury”

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THE LAND OF ENCHANTMENT

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Peppers Pride, undefeated winner of 19 races, has been declared in foal to dual Breeders’ Cup Classic winner Tiznow

A

TRAILER hauling a horse from Sunland Park in New Mexico rolled into Kentucky one day this past spring.

If you think you’ve heard this story before, you have. But this wasn’t the gelding Mine That Bird, whose trek from trainer Chip Woolley’s base in New Mexico to the winner’s circle at Churchill Downs after the Kentucky Derby made national headlines.

A few weeks before Mine That Bird staged his improbable 50-1 upset in the Run for the Roses, Joel Marr, another New Mexico trainer, drove all the way to Richland Hills Farm near Midway, Kentucky, with precious equine cargo of his own.

She was Peppers Pride, who won all 19 of her starts in a four-year racing career to set a modern-day national record. Marr was delivering the six-year-old New Mexico-

Mine That Bird’s victory in the K entucky Derby confirmed what many already knew – New Mexico produces top quality horses and horsemen.

By Larry Bortstein bred mare to Kentucky for a date with Tiznow, the two-time Breeders’ Cup Classic champion who has become one of the most prized stallions in the country, standing at WinStar Farm.

A few days before Mine That Bird won America’s most famous race, Peppers Pride was declared in foal to Tiznow.

The exploits of Peppers Pride and Mine That Bird have created upheavals in the way in which horseracing is viewed in New Mexico.

Generally regarded for years as something of a backwater on the national

“She got knocked for beating New Mexicobreds over and over, but how can you knock a horse for never losing? Wouldn’t every trainer love to have one like that?”

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racing landscape, the mare and the gelding jointly have shown that the state is the home of talented horsemen and horses.

And vanning horses long distances is all in a day’s – or week’s – work.

“In New Mexico, it’s not uncommon to drive your horses all over the state for the different meets,” Marr said. “We also do a lot of our own shoeing, whatever it takes to get everything accomplished.”

Woolley still shakes his head at the way he and his horse were treated during the buildup to the 135th Kentucky Derby.

“Most of the press people who came up

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and talked to me did it because they had heard I vanned the horse from New Mexico,” Woolley recalled.

“Some of them weren’t really even sure where New Mexico was. And, of course, I was the only guy on the backstretch walking on crutches because I’d broken my right leg when I fell off a motorcycle. Nobody was there to talk about the horse himself. After the Derby, they figured out who he was and I was.”

It is no longer possible to ignore racing in “The Land of Enchantment,” as New Mexico calls itself.

For the past decade, it could be called “The Land of Enhancement” as far as its racing industry is concerned at its five tracks.

Since the advent of slot machines in 1999, daily purse distribution has risen astronomically, rising from $30,000 a day before alternative gaming, to $250,000 a day at Sunland Park. The track, just across the southeast New Mexico border from El Paso, Texas, runs its annual meet from December through April and is the leading track in the state.

In this state of 1.8 million people and 12,000 horses that either race or breed, the other four tracks are The Downs at Albuquerque, in the capital and biggest city; Ruidoso Downs, in the Sacramento Mountains with an elevation of nearly 7,000 feet; Zia Park in Hobbs, located near the bustling west Texas oil towns of Midland Odessa, and SunRay Downs in Farmington, in the Four Corners region where Colorado, Arizona and Utah share a common border with New Mexico.

A sixth track soon may join that roster – in Raton, site of the old La Mesa Park, which closed its doors in 1992 but may be replaced by a new facility on the other side of the I-25 freeway which links the region to Colorado.

“They already have their racing license and have applied for dates in 2010,” said Julian Luna, since

“I nearly went broke once or twice.

But I never thought of giving up. The day rate for trainers here is $40 or $50, way lower than it is in California. But the purses and the lifestyle make it all worthwhile” Chip Woolley 1991 the executive director of the New Mexico Racing Commission. “The only thing left for them to get done is their license to have slots. The only way you can have a successful track in New Mexico is to have slots.”

Marr recalled the days before New Mexico became one of the first states to prosper from alternative gaming.

“Before slots, we had trouble making it in racing here,” Marr said. “Chip [Woolley] and I have been good friends for years and have had our barns near each other. We’re from the area and didn’t want to think about going somewhere else. But until the slots came, a lot of us thought we might have to leave.”

Woolley also admitted to having known lean times. “I nearly went broke once or twice,” he said. “But I never thought of giving up. The day rate for trainers here is $40 or $50, way lower than it is in California. But the purses and the lifestyle make it all worthwhile.”

By state mandate, 20 percent of slot machine revenues derived at the tracks go toward racing purses. According to the New Mexico Horse Breeders Association, racing pours more than $400 million into the state’s economy and more than $63 million in gaming taxes. It also provides more than 10,000 jobs.

The New Mexico breeding program also is one of the most lucrative in the country.

The New Mexico Cup races at Zia Park offer $2 million in purses on a single program. About five races for New Mexicobreds are contested on any given racing day.

“Some people at Pimlico called me last year and asked me if I would bring Peppers Pride there,” Marr said. “The money they were saying she could run for was less than she could run for here. She got knocked for beating New Mexico-breds over and over, but how can you knock a horse for never losing? Wouldn’t every trainer love to have one like that? And it’s not as if she was running in a lot of cheap races. She made over $1 million.”

Peppers Pride, owned by Joe Allen, who runs a well-known barbeque restaurant in Abilene, Texas, was New

Chip Woolley with his Kentucky Derby winner Mine That Bird

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Ruidoso Downs hosts the $2-million All American F uturity, the richest race for Quar ter Horses

Mexico’s biggest equine celebrity before Mine That Bird came along this year. A daughter of Desert God, a stallion owned by Allen who stands at his A&A Horse Ranch in Anthony, N.M., she was a family project.

She received her early lessons from Don Briggs, Marr’s brother-in-law, at Frontier Training Center near Sunland Park. Briggs’ sister, Teresa – Marr’s wife, who is a former jockey – put the filly through her morning paces early in her career and whenever she took a break from racetrack life.

“That’s one of the great things about working with horses here,” said Briggs, a native of Michigan. “There are training centers near the tracks and it’s easy to keep an eye on your horses even when they’re not at the track. I don’t think there’s a better place to train. The weather’s good yearround. This is an agricultural state, so horses and horse farms are part of the culture.”

Another positive aspect of racing and breeding in New Mexico is a cooperation and kinship between Thoroughbred and Quarter Horse people that is virtually unparalleled anywhere else. For one thing, the breeders’ association is the official registry for both breeds in the state.

“Most of the trainers here work with both breeds,” Woolley said. “The same goes for the breeders and owners. Part of it is that all the meets in the state are mixed meets, with 60 percent of the races for Thoroughbreds and 40 percent for Quarter Horses. We work with both breeds because it gives you more opportunities to race and to win. But we also like working with both breeds.”

Before Mine That Bird staged his 56 TRAINERMAGAZINE.com ISSUE 13

sensational rail-skimming ride to win the Kentucky Derby, Woolley had sent out only one Thoroughbred winner in 32 trips to the post this year. “But I also won about five or six Quarter Horse races and I’ve won my share of futurities over the years,” he said.

“The same for the owners of Mine That Bird [Dr. Leonard Blach and Mark Allen].

Whatever you train, you still need the stock.”

In Mine That Bird’s first two races for Woolley before being vanned to Churchill Downs, the son of 2004 Belmont Stakes winner Birdstone finished second in Sunland Park’s Borderland Derby and fourth in the $800,000 Sunland Derby, the richest-ever race for Thoroughbreds in New Mexico.

The race, won by Southern California shipper Kelly Leak, produced, in addition to Mine That Bird, four other starters who won their next time out – with three of those victories coming in stakes: Mythical Power won the Lone Star Derby; Advice won the Lexington Stakes at Keeneland; and Valid Stripes captured the Texas Stallion Stakes at Lone Star.

The Sunland Derby figures to be designated as New Mexico’s first graded stakes event in the fall, before it is next staged in 2010. ”If it’s not graded now, we’ll all be shocked,” said Harold Payne, Sunland Park’s general manager. “We expect the race to become a very important Derby prep. It comes five weeks before the Kentucky Derby and it’s run on dirt. We think California trainers looking for a prep on dirt will look very hard at our race, especially if the horse can make graded earnings.”

Jeff Mullins, the Southern Californiabased trainer whose I Want Revenge was this year’s Kentucky Derby favorite until the colt was scratched the morning of the race, already is a convert to New Mexico.

“I had a string at Sunland for the first time this past winter,” Mullins said. “Not my top horses, but lower-level horses. I could run them for $5,000 tags in races with $10,000 purses. You can’t do that in California.”

New Mexico’s well-maintained dirt surfaces also are lauded by Henry Dominguez, who has won more races than any other trainer in the state – combining Thoroughbreds and Quarter Horses – the past five years.

“The tracks are very safe and you get your horses back in one piece,” said Dominguez, the younger brother of Southern Californiabased trainer Caesar Dominguez. Both men were born in El Paso and broke their training teeth at Sunland Park.

“Another big positive about racing in New Mexico is the alfalfa we grow here,” the younger Dominguez said. “It could be the best in the country. The horses love it.”

When the purses began escalating in New Mexico and out-of-state horsemen sent runners to the state to compete for the big money, there was concern for the future fate of “the little guy,” the trainers of lowerechelon horses.

“That was talked about at first,” recalled Payne, the Sunland Park general manager.

“But what’s happened is that those people have upgraded their stock to the extent that the entire horse population improved.

That’s been good for everybody.”

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Luna, the longtime head of the state’s racing commission, believes that the new track in Raton will be a good venue for New Mexico’s non-varsity horses and horsemen.

“That’s the plan the management has for the track, and we think it makes sense,” Luna said.

Its reliance and dependence on slot money has placed New Mexico racing in an enviable position, compared to other Western states which have failed to gain legislative approval for the machines. California and Texas are large racing states which have suffered from this deprivation. Arizona and Colorado also don’t offer alternative forms of gaming at their tracks.

R.D. Hubbard, the owner and chief executive officer of Ruidoso Downs, has seen this story unfold from both sides. For most of the 1990s he ran Hollywood Park, until he sold it to Churchill Downs in 1999. The management of that track was hopeful the state of California could enter into a compact with Indian tribes which would allow the tracks to offer the gaming opportunities as the tribes do at their many casinos.

“That didn’t happen and probably will never happen,” said Hubbard. “The Indian tribes have a monopoly in California. There are Indian casinos in New Mexico too, but the tracks co-exist with them.”

By the end of the year, Hollywood Park is expected to announce plans for its eventual closure and a project that would re-develop the 238-acre property, which opened in 1938, for commercial and residential use.

Hubbard has a plan for Ruidoso Downs, which each Labor Day hosts the $2 million All American Futurity, the richest race for Quarter Horses.

“We’ll parade Mine That Bird here that day,” he said.

“The horse has become a folk hero in the state. The tracks here all took betting on the Kentucky Derby and the interest in him was tremendous. If we’d had separate betting pools, he would have been closer to 8-1 than 50-1.”

His Kentucky Derby victory, of course, was far better chronicled than any race Peppers Pride ever won during her record streak. But Marr said R.D. Hubbard – owner of he’s puzzled that his mare was Ruidoso Downs not better known nationally.

“We had no illusions that she could win an Eclipse Award,” he said. “But we thought she at least deserved some kind of consideration. We knew she couldn’t beat Zenyatta or any of those other top mares. But she never had to face them. All she did was beat everything she faced.”

Mine That Bird has become the biggest story in more than 60 years to come out of Roswell, New Mexico, a town of 50,000 in the eastern part of the state and the home of owners Blach and Allen.

Roswell was the site of alleged UFO sightings and landings by extra-terrestrials in 1947 and the story has kept the city notorious since then.

When Andrew Partner, the editor of the 11,000-circulation Roswell Daily Record, was asked about the locals’ reaction to the Kentucky Derby victory by Mine That Bird, he responded in a manner that might best sum up how far New Mexico racing has soared: “At least we don’t have to answer questions about space aliens anymore.”

Racing in the Land of Enchantment, it seems, has a firm spot on solid ground. I

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CONDITIONS UNDER FOOT

Since the untimely and high-profile deaths of George W ashington and Eight Belles in America, research has stepped up a gear in an attempt to understand what causes horses to break down

By Fran Jurga

I

T’S a Tuesday afternoon in August in Saratoga Springs, New York. They call it “dark” Tuesday because there’s no racing. Most trainers and track workers have gone south to The City for a 36-hour hiatus during America’s premiere boutique race meet.

But today there’s some activity inside the Fasig-Tipton sales arena. Speakers file up to the podium, one after another, instead of sleek yearlings. Slides change on a giant screen instead of seven figure bids.

The emptiness in the huge arena is palpable. Trainers and owners sit in the fan-

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shaped theater, one or two to a row. No one is really looking at the stage. No one is looking at the others. They glance at watches, check cell phones, shift in their seats.

This may be the darkest Tuesday of the race meet.

The speakers are a star-studded cast of veterinarians, researchers, and track experts.

They are briefing a state-appointed task force that is assigned the protection of the welfare of the state’s Thoroughbreds.

Included in the to-do list is a preliminary exploration of possibly converting New

York’s Thoroughbred tracks from dirt to synthetic.

The committee members know how tough their assignment is. They are in the difficult position of possibly asking the racing universe to change.

Change is a four-letter word at the racetrack, no matter how you spell it.

Training racehorses is about routine, about keeping the horses on a schedule, about meeting your owner’s expectations. It’s about standard excuses, common injuries, predictable winnings. For a sport supported by gambling, the sure-thing routine of the

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backstretch is a stark contrast.

When it’s over, the trainers and horsemen file out. Only then do their eyes meet. They acknowledge each other as if just waking from a nap. One chuckles.

Another laughs out loud, “Hey, Dan,” he grins, grabbing another trainer’s arm. “They don’t know anything more about this artificial track business than we do.”

Farrier Mitch Taylor is used to carrying a shoeing box in one hand, his apron slung over his shoulder. Today he is also lugging a camera, and behind him trails a crew of

technicians, a couple of horses, an exercise rider and an equine motion-analysis software developer. Their goal is not to shoe the horses, but to watch them run and catch it on tape. But first they must convince the exercise rider that only the strides caught by the camera count, and that the horse needs to maintain the same speed.

Working with the support of the Grayson Jockey Club Foundation’s Welfare and Safety of the Racehorse Summit, Taylor has set out not to do research, but to collect

simple video footage that real people – trainers, owners, racetrack officials, veterinarians, farriers – can understand.

He needs to make the footage so simple, that the point is obvious.

But what, exactly, is the point?

Welcome to American horse racing.

Since the public outcry over the tragic deaths of Eight Belles, George Washington, and other stakes horses on national television, racing is on the defensive, but not on the run. Like a fairgoer caught in a hall of mirrors, racing looks one way, then the next, and sees a distorted picture of ISSUE 25 TRAINERMAGAZINE.com 59

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Mitch Taylor’s work brought about the reduction in the height of toe grabs

itself, partly because the very things it knows to be true, may not be anymore.

So it was in 2006, when the first Welfare and Safety Summit tackled the isolated topic of the possible ill effects of toe-grabs on raceplates. Certainly doing away with toe grabs would make racing safer, they thought.

What they couldn’t have known is that the picture would grow darker, and darker still.

Toe grabs, steroids, whips… would there by anything left to ban?

Building a case to ban toe grabs required Taylor to head out to the track with a camera and record the difference in foot action between different types of shoes. It was a simple variable and his WSS Shoeing and Hoof Care Committee built a case that, when presented to the Association of Racing

Commissioners International, brought about a swift model rule change adopted by several state jurisdictions to reduce the height of toe grabs to a miniscule 4 mm.

Pandora’s Box creaked open. A breeze ruffled through a house of cards. A traveler made it half way around the world without a passport; can he make it home?

The entire 20th century was a grand era

On a sloppy dirt track a horse’s hoof slides more than on a synthetic surface (right)

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“Building a case to ban toe grabs required Taylor to head out to the track with a camera and record the difference in foot action between different types of shoes ” for horse racing, but a tough time for improvements to our base of knowledge about the horse. In the 1800s, the Science of Speed occupied the minds of men who tinkered with shoes, harness, saddles, track designs, and whatever else they could think of as a variable. Their goal was a faster horse, a better horse.

But in the 20th century, in spite of improvements in racetrack maintenance, lighter shoes and therapeutic medications, the curiosity about speed and efficiency of motion calmed to a status quo. Late in the century, the new science of biomechanics spilled over from human sports, bringing leading minds like Drs. Doug Leach, Hilary Clayton, James Rooney, George Pratt, and others to examine the motion of the horse and the role of the surface through new technologies.

Their detailed PhDs, papers and reams of data met with murmurs of, “How interesting,” as horsemen went back to their daily routines, doing what had always worked for them, running horses on the surfaces that suited them, at the distances that suited them, over intervals that suited them, injuries permitting.

Soon after the turn of the 21st century,

American racing turned back the clock 100 years and people began asking questions.

The main question was “WHY?” Why did that horse take a bad step? “That’s racing” just wasn’t enough of an answer after a switch to the so-called safety option of an artificial track failed to reverse the breakdown trend.

Fanned out across the country and around the globe is a growing cadre of researchers and analysts who are ready and willing to study the surface, the shoes, the shape of the hoof, the humidity in the air, the angle of the sun in the sky – whatever it takes to unlock some clues.

So here comes Mitch Taylor with his entourage and his high-tech slow-mo camera. He’s not going to explain much, he’s going to show you.

Stride length and stride frequency are the key factors in determining speed, but the New Reality puts more emphasis on shear force, friction and the horizontal movement of the foot after it touches the ground. The goal is an efficient stride. And a safe step.

According to mechanical engineer Dr. Mick Peterson of the University of Maine, working in tandem with Dr. Wayne

Trying to iron out the variables American racing is faced with tough variables to analyze the reasons for breakdowns or to optimize the equipment on horses.

Racehorses train at training centers with sand, or dirt, or artificial surfaces. They migrate between tracks that, again, have different surfaces. Half a field in any given race may be ar tificial veterans, while the other half are running for just the first or second time on it.

Other horses are switching from the artificial training tracks like the gallops at F air Hill Training Center in Maryland, straight to a dirt or turf course set of races.

As long ago as the 1980s, racehorse lameness experts in the United States like Dr. William Moyer (pictured), now of Texas A&M University College of Veterinary Medicine, were pointing to the fallacies of shoeing horses with cookie-cutter aluminum shoes that spread all too easily and all too soon. Moyer and others called for new shoe designs, a better mousetrap to replace the status quo.

At the other end of the university campus, soil scientists called for better racetrack design, banking of turns, and more studies into how horses run.

That left the anatomists and motion analysts in the middle. And when they spoke, no one liked what they said. The late brilliant researcher Doug Leach felt compelled to postpone any true research into the injuries and foot problems plaguing the racehorse.

“We don’t even know what’s nor mal,” he declared, and set out to see if a nor m could be established.

The loss of a key researcher like Leach, who died in 2008 after a long illness, was a blow. Clayton’s migration to spor t horse medicine from racing is less critical; much of her research is applicable to both spor t and race horses and the research done in the US and Europe on spor t horse competition surfaces will help with understanding racing surfaces.

Leach’s seat at the table has been ably filled by a newcomer, Dr. Mick Peterson of the University of Maine, a soil scientist with an interest in understanding the characteristics of an ideal racetrack, and developing protocols to measure and define the parameters needed to get horses around the track safely.

Peterson uses a dual-axis drop-hammer system to test both the impact of a simulated hoof and also the horizontal movement of the hoof within the surface.

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Synthetic vs Dirt

What’s the difference to the average hoof?

Mitch Taylor filmed high speed video (2000 f/sec) of the same horses on both surfaces and recorded subtle locomotion changes are evident between the two surfaces and visible to the naked eye.

Decreased kick back

Synthetic racing surfaces (SRS) characteristics: A decrease in the slide phase of the stride Increased flexion of the pastern joint Decreased penetration into the cushion upon impact Decreased shear and penetration into the cushion at breakover

Speaking in Saratoga Springs in August 2008, Taylor noted, “High speed video indicates that, at midstance, feet do not penetrate into the cushion as much as on traditional dir t surfaces; therefore, one can assume that the toe is less able to penetrate the sur face during the breakover phase and the limb has to rotate over the toe instead of the toe rotating into the surface as in dir t.

The result of such an alteration would be that stabilizing muscles are being asked to function as propulsion generating muscles.

This theory is strengthened by the obser vation

McIlwraith of Colorado State University, the additional variables are how quickly the foot stops when it hits, how hard the landing is, and how much resistance the ground provides for the hoof to push off against as the horse’s weight passes over the hoof.

The task of relative shock absorption is assigned to the fetlock; it flexes relative to the hardness of the track. A fetlock is under more stress on a hard surface, Peterson and McIlwraith tell us. The more the fetlock flexes, the more return spring is released as the horse is propelled forward off that foot.

Peterson applies the one-two punch to understanding stress on the foot. The hardness effect on the fetlock’s flexion on landing is the right jab, but the shear strength of the track is the left hook.

Shear strength, quite simply, determines the pressure that will be on the front of the hoof when it impacts the track, and that pressure will stop the hoof; the higher the

shear force, the faster the stop. It will also assist (or handicap) the push-off factor.

A track with low shear strength will allow the hoof to slide several inches before it stops. A track with high shear strength will snap it to a quicker halt. The sliding may be kinder to the landing, but it makes pushing off more difficult – there’s nothing to push off against.

Whether researching a riding arena for show jumping or a racetrack for Thoroughbreds, biomechanists want to know the shear strength of the surface.

While for years video was used to determine if horses were landing flat or not, the new, more sophisticated video can at least compare the relative horizontal motion of the hoof after it disappears into the surface.

It was not until 1995 that Professor Willem Back at the University of Utrecht determined that there was a measurable difference in the horizontal movement of

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that there is less kick back on SRS. Because of the fibrous make-up and more resilient characteristics the foot would logically have a harder time breaking through the surface, unlike sand, which shears away easily.

Now you see it, now you don’t The depth of racing sur face conceals the actual movement of the foot. With nor mal slow-motion video, emphasis was always on impact and landing. Is he landing flat? Toe first? Heel first? Which heel?

the front and hind hooves on landing. The normal hind foot slides more than the normal front, Back showed.

To understand what is really going on in the hoof, strain gauges and accelerometers are the new buzz words, but the true key may be in the study of the moving hoof through the use of finite element (FE) analysis, or a computerized simulation of running hoofs interacting with the ground.

Leading researchers in this field include Dr. Jeff Thomason at the University of Guelph in Canada, Dr. Simon Collins at the Animal Health Trust in Newmarket, England, and Dr. Christine Hinterhofer at the University of Vienna in Austria. Only Thomason is currently applying his analytics to the racehorse but the research of all are applicable in describing the action of tendons and determining the functions of a normal foot under different shear conditions.

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What about the new surfaces?

“We have synthetic surfaces… but we do not have engineered surfaces” Dr. Mick Peterson It’s understandable to focus on the landing of the hoof. According to landmark research conducted by Professor George Pratt at Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1981, the horse does not pull itself forward as it gallops. The horse may be moving forward at 55 feet per second, but the hoof is moving downward at 20 feet per second, as well; the hoof is actually moving faster than the horse’s body. Even 28 years ago, Pratt preached against toe grabs, calks, and stickers, which he felt would interrupt the foot’s ideal contact with and departure from the ground.

“It is imperative that the hoof be allowed to slip forward,” Pratt wrote in 1981.

But, he would have added, not forward too much.

Did the Welfare and Safety Summit select a tree instead of the forest when it decided to recommend a national ban on toe grabs?

The intense light that the group shone on one shoeing modification opened Pandora’s Box, to be sure, but concurrent events showing that artificial surfaces were not a one-stop solution to end breakdowns helped temper the apprehension that banning toe grabs wasn’t enough – but what’s left?

Peterson, Clayton, Thomason and their

Video research The reality of the racetrack brings us repeatedly back to Taylor and his high-tech camera. At conferences and seminars across the United States, his video clips show trainers, veterinarians, farriers and racing officials what they have been looking at, in some cases, all their lives. But they are seeing it for the first time.

Slow motion has always fascinated, but the new slow motion of high speed video (which offers many more frames per second, making even the most minute movement of the hoof or kickup of dir t observable) raises the bar. While it is not practical to use such an expensive piece of equipment regularly on the track, seeing clips of different horses – or even the same horse on different surfaces – has shown that there is tremendous variation in how horses run and what happens to the foot under the surface.

Taylor is not conducting research, but rather recording variations. He speaks repeatedly of the “snowplow” effect, referring to the cloud of dir t kicked up by the hoof’s braking action. The more immediate the slowdown of the hoof, the more snowplow.

Taylor repeatedly recorded the toe grab impeding the sliding motion on landing; he and others contend that the grab required more fetlock angulation to push the hoof back off the ground. This is easy to see with the video, but hard to explain in scientific terms to trainers and farriers.

An immediate distinction visible in all Taylor’s videos is that the synthetic track, in this case the surface at Keeneland, also impedes the sliding action of the hoof, but with a slightly different aspect but, per haps more strikingly, shows that the hoof does not penetrate as deeply into the sur face.

Taylor’s videos also show a decrease in fetlock joint flexion on the synthetic track, but a concurrent increase in pastern joint flexion.

students and supporters are left. While researching racetrack surfaces and shoes is not easy, it will become easier with guidance that will place researchers into a concerted effort rather than isolated stabs at data collection.

“We need to measure what the horse feels,” says Peterson, who has become a de facto spokesman for the new spirit of proactive research and collaboration in racing science. “We need to change some things.”

There’s that four-letter word again.

Look closely and you’ll see the word “can” inside “change.”

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S

HORT-DISTANCE transport of racehorses is, as every trainer knows, almost always of very little consequence. The only significant exceptions are the “bad travellers” that may or may not respond to repeated exposure to transport and a patient approach. Longer distance transport presents a much greater challenge and months of work and planning can be undone in the course of a few hours.

There is much focus on the duration of the journey. However this often fails to take door-to-door time and allowances for delay into consideration. In fact, there is a personal maxim – “the only certainty in transport,.........is delay.” Scientific evidence shows very clearly that measurable journey effects can be detected after eight hours of transport. These effects include weight loss and changes in the cells and biochemical components of circulating blood. The longer the journey, the greater the challenge.

Some of the adverse effects of transport can be related to the “head-held-high” position that horses have to adopt, when they are confined in road vehicles and in jet stables for air transport. Horses are, as every trainer knows, by nature free-ranging pasture grazers. Roaming and constant eating is a pre-requisite for normal clearance of the respiratory system of the horse.

Interference with this clearance system, by holding the head high for protracted periods, allows the micro-organisms that normally inhabit the throat to spread downwards into the deep respiratory system, resulting , eventually, in pleurisy and pneumonia. Transport-associated pleurisy and pneumonia is known colloquially as “Shipping Fever” and has been documented in veterinary literature since the time of Horace Hayes’s descriptions of sea transport of military horses to the Crimea and Boer Wars. Those journeys took many days. Similar journeys now take hours. The important timelines in journeys occur at about 8-12 hours, 24 hours and at 36 hours and beyond. The Japan Racing Authority commissioned studies on the high incidence of “Shipping Fever” that occurred when they transported their horses over a distance of 1,061 miles.

The incidence of “Shipping Fever” commenced at about eight hours in a small minority of the horses, increased to just under 10% by 24 hours and rose to almost 50% of horses by 40 hours.

It is not possible to predict which horses will succumb to “Shipping Fever” and which will not. However, one of life’s few certainties is encapsulated in another maxim: “sick horse onto a van – very sick horse off.” This is particularly true of preexisting respiratory disease. There is great value in ensuring that everything possible is 64 TRAINERMAGAZINE.com ISSUE 13

done to prevent horses with respiratory disease (or a pre-disposition to it) being subjected to long journeys. It could be argued, for example, that long distance transport of horses with a known history of “bleeding” is contra-indicated. Viral respiratory disease, that well known “thief in

the night” that so damages the viability of training establishments, is a very potent predisposing factor in the development of “Shipping Fever.”

This disease has a particular relevance to colts and entire horses. Episodes of fever in entire males are associated with subsequent

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The challenge of transport The after-effects of travel on racehorses has vexed trainers for decades.

Des Leadon of the Irish Equine Centre in Ireland looks at the practical considerations for horse transport

reduction in sperm cell production. Extreme fever for protracted periods can permanently impair male fertility. This is the reason why veterinarians accompany the shuttle stallions to South America and Australia. Prompt detection of “Shipping Fever� at altitude has saved many an

important stud career.

Respiratory disease is always the primary focus of veterinary attention in relation to horse transport, but confinement in either a road vehicle or an aircraft does not convey any immunity from all of the myriad other problems that are inherent in horse-keeping.

The data shows that colic also occurs during journeys and that stress-induced diarrheas including Salmonellosis are also transportassociated.

The intuitive anxiety of lay people and of the horse industry is of trauma. Frenzy does occur in the course of transport. There are ISSUE 13 TRAINERMAGAZINE.com 65

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many documented instances of very high profile horses killing themselves. Although road-side unloading is an option in land transport, this is unavailable while in aircraft. Sedatives and tranquilizers are very potent medicines and access to them and their use is controlled by law. Insurers reserve the right to refuse claims which are based on the administration of medicines by unlicensed personnel. The use of medicines to try to control frenzy is always a difficult judgement call. These drugs are not as effective or are ineffective when given to an already frightened horse. The need to race “medication-free” is another issue that has to be taken into consideration, when selecting the drug of choice for any given instance.

The Hong Kong Jockey Club commissioned a study by the Irish Equine Centre into the effects of journeys for horses travelling in for their international races. These studies showed that most horses, i.e. healthy horses, needed a five-toseven day recovery period to return to their pre-flight status after air journeys to Hong Kong from the U.S., Europe, or Australasia.

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Only a very small minority of horses recovered more quickly than this. The recommendation that horses should be transported to Hong Kong some 10 days or so prior to racing was based on the need for post-arrival treatment for journey effects to be eliminated prior to racing. Forward planning and preparation, with an allowance for delays and for the elimination of appropriate medication, should be part of any trainer’s management of their transport program.

Trainers are often frustrated by the seemingly endless bureaucracy that accompanies international racing.

However, very important diseases are readily spread by transport. Exotic disease can result in the complete “shut-down” of any racing stable and of the entire industry. The 2007 outbreak

Some of the adverse effects of transpor t can be related to the “head-held-high” position that horses have to adopt, when confined in road vehicles and in jet stables for air transport

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Ventilation is an important consideration when transporting horses

Most horses need a five-to-seven day recovery period to return to their pre-flight status after long-haul air journeys

“Forward planning and preparation should be part of any trainer’s management of their transport programme”

of Equine Influenza brought about the total cessation of racing and breeding in New South Wales and Queensland, Australia, cost millions upon millions of dollars and resulted in the loss of many jobs within the industry. Quarantine and isolation regulations are designed to protect us all from this sort of catastrophe. These regulations and their enforcement are often imperfect, but they are all that we have, and we all share a common responsibility to the industry as a whole. They must be approached with respect, tolerance and consideration.

high-risk. Hand washing, disinfection and protective clothing are everyday measures which are themselves essential and carry the added benefit of heightened awareness.

Ours is an industry that needs “heroes” if it is to survive and prosper. The 2008 Breeders’ Cup provided them, with no fewer than five winners shipping in to California from overseas. Transport was as essential for that festival of racing as it is for the Dubai World Cup, Royal Ascot, or any other.

Transport associated risks need to be recognized, but they can be managed and should never be a deterrent. I

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International travel regulations are a reminder that our very best protection is in our own hands. The gate of the racing establishment must be regarded as a personal frontier. The health status of the horses and the “Biosecurity” of the training stable must always be a priority. Every stable must have stalls that can be used as an effective quarantine and isolation facility.

New arrivals must be screened for infectious diseases and kept isolated until they have been cleared. Visitors, especially those who have been to other stables in the course of their work, should be regarded as potentially

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STAKES SCHEDULES

STAKES SCHEDULES RACES

BREEDERS’ CUP RACES

Races are divided by distance and the relevant surface is indicated as follows: AWT – All Weather Track D – Dirt T –Turf The indexes cover all graded races in North America over $50,000 in value, where information was available at the time of publication. Additionally, all European Group One races have been included as well as major races from Japan.

Prize money is indicated by Breeders’ Cup and racetrack contributions.

COPYRIGHT

If you would like to receive notification as we update the Stakes Schedules on our website, simply send an e-mail to feedback@trainermagazine.com.

Under Copyright law, no part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means. This includes but not limited to; photocopying for commercial redistribution and or facsimile recording without the prior permission of the copyright holder, application for which should be addressed to the publisher.

DISCLAIMER Whilst every effort has been made to publish correct information, the publishers will not be held liable for any omission, mistake or change to the races listed in all published indexes.

IMPORTANT NOTICE

51/16f and less (1100m) AWT Country USA USA

Track Del Mar Del Mar

Race Name & (Sponsor) CTBA Stakes Graduation Stakes

Class S S

Race Date 24-Jul-09 29-Jul-09

Value $100,000 $100,000

Age 2F 2

Surface AWT AWT

Metres 1100 1100

Furlongs 5 1/16 5 1/16

Country USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA

Track Prairie Meadows Prairie Meadows Ruidoso Downs Ruidoso Downs River Downs Evangeline Downs Evangeline Downs Canterbury Charles Town Hoosier Park Hoosier Park Calder Calder Zia Park

Race Name & (Sponsor) Prairie Gold Juvenile Prairie Gold Lassie Rio Grande Senorita Futurity Rio Grande Senor Futurity Tah Dah Stakes John Franks Memorial Sales Stakes (F) John Franks Memorial Sales Stakes (C & G) Barenscheer Juvenile Stakes West Virginia Sprint Derby City of Anderson S Hillsdale S Cassidy Stakes Birdonthewire Stakes Lea County Sprint

Class

Race Date 18-Jul-09 18-Jul-09 26-Jul-09 26-Jul-09 26-Jul-09 31-Jul-09 01-Aug-09 09-Aug-09 15-Aug-09 12-Sep-09 13-Sep-09 17-Oct-09 17-Oct-09 01-Nov-09

Value $50,000 $50,000 $50,000 $50,000 $50,000 $100,000 $100,000 $50,000 $100,000 $70,000 $70,000 $75,000 $75,000 $60,000

Age 2 2F 2F 2 CG 2F 2F 2 C&G 2 3 2F 2 2F 2 3+

Surface D D D D D D D D D D D D D D

Metres 1000 1000 1100 1100 1100 1100 1100 1100 0900 1100 1100 1100 1100 1100

Furlongs Closing 5 10-Jul-09 5 10-Jul-09 5 1/16 5 1/16 5 1/16 16-Jul-09 5 1/16 20-May-09 5 1/16 20-May-09 5 1/16 30-Jul-09 4 1/16 01-Aug-09 5 1/16 03-Sep-09 5 1/16 03-Sep-09 5 1/16 03-Oct-09 5 1/16 03-Oct-09 5 1/16 20-Oct-09

Country USA IRE CAN FR JPN FR JPN GB JPN GB GB JPN CAN USA JPN

Track Belmont Park Curragh Woodbine Deauville Kokura Deauville Sapporo Haydock Park Hanshin Newmarket Newmarket Nakayama Woodbine Oak Tree at Santa Anita Kyoto

Race Name & (Sponsor) Jaipur Stakes Phoenix St Royal North S Prix Maurice de Gheest TV Nishinippon Corp Sho Kitakyushu Kinen Prix Morny (Darley) Keeneland Cup Sprint Cup (Betfred) Centaur Stakes Middle Park St (Shadwell) Cheveley Park St Sprinters Stakes Nearctic S BC Turf Sprint Keihan Hai

Class Gr 3 Gp 1 Gr 3 Gp 1 Gr 3 Gp 1 Gr 3 Gp 1 Gr 2 Gp 1 Gp 1 Gr 1 Gr 2

Race Date 18-Jul-09 26-Jul-09 01-Aug-09 09-Aug-09 16-Aug-09 23-Aug-09 30-Aug-09 05-Sep-09 13-Sep-09 02-Oct-09 02-Oct-09 04-Oct-09 17-Oct-09 07-Nov-09 28-Nov-09

Value $150,000 €250,000 CAN150,000 €250,000 $960,000 €350,000 $960,000 £300,000 $1,420,000 £170,000 £170,000 $2,240,000 CAN500,000 $1,000,000 $960,000

Age 3+ 2 CF 3+ F&M 3+ 3+ 2 CF 3+ 3+ 3+ 2C 2F 3+ 3+ 3+ 3+

Surface T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T

Metres 1200 1200 1200 1300 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1300 1200

Furlongs 6 6 6 6.5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 1/16 6

Closing 04-Jul-09 01-Apr-09 15-Jul-09 22-Jul-09 07-Jul-09 05-Aug-09 21-Jul-09 07-Jul-09 04-Aug-09 21-Jul-09 21-Jul-09 18-Aug-09 30-Sep-09 26-Oct-09 13-Oct-09

Country CAN CAN CAN CAN USA USA CAN USA USA CAN USA USA CAN USA USA

Track Woodbine Woodbine Woodbine Woodbine Del Mar Del Mar Woodbine Del Mar Del Mar Woodbine Del Mar Del Mar Woodbine Del Mar Del Mar

Race Name & (Sponsor) Colin S Bold Venture S Nandi S Shepperton S Sorrento Stakes Bing Crosby Handicap Vandal S Best Pal Stakes C.E.R.F. Handicap Ontario Debutante S Generous Portion Stakes Rancho Bernardo Handicap Kenora S I’m Smokin Stakes Pirate’s Bounty Handicap

Class

Race Date 18-Jul-09 19-Jul-09 2-Aug-09 5-Aug-09 7-Aug-09 8-Aug-09 9-Aug-09 9-Aug-09 12-Aug-09 15-Aug-09 2-Sep-09 4-Sep-09 7-Sep-09 7-Sep-09 9-Sep-09

Value CAN150,000 CAN150,000 CAN125,000 CAN125,000 $150,000 $300,000 CAN150,000 $150,000 $85,000 CAN150,000 $100,000 $200,000 CAN125,000 $100,000 $85,000

Age 2 3+ 2F 3+ 2F 3+ 2 2 3+ F&M 2F 2F 3+ F&M 3+ 2 3+

Surface AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT

Metres 1200 1300 1200 1300 1300 1200 1200 1300 1200 1200 1200 1300 1200 1200 1200

Furlongs 6 6 1/16 6 6 1/16 6 1/16 6 6 6 1/16 6 6 6 6 1/16 6 6 6

Closing 01-Jul-09 01-Jul-09 15-Jul-09 15-Jul-09 30-Jul-09 30-Jul-09 22-Jul-09 30-Jul-09 06-Aug-09 29-Jul-09 27-Aug-09 27-Aug-09 19-Aug-09 27-Aug-09 03-Sep-09

70 TRAINERMAGAZINE.com ISSUE 13

S S S R R S S

Gr 3

R R Gr 3 Gr 1 R Gr 2 R S Gr 3 R S R

Closing 16-Jul-09 23-Jul-09

51/16f and less (1100m) DIRT

51/16f and less (1100m) TURF

6f-61/16f (1200m-1300m) AWT

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6f-61/16f (1200m-1300m) AWT Country USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA CAN USA USA CAN CAN CAN USA CAN USA USA USA

Track Presque Isle Downs Presque Isle Downs Presque Isle Downs Presque Isle Downs Turfway Park Turfway Park Presque Isle Downs Presque Isle Downs Turfway Park Woodbine Keeneland Keeneland Woodbine Woodbine Woodbine Oak Tree at Santa Anita Woodbine Turfway Park Turfway Park Turfway Park

Race Name & (Sponsor) Presque Isle Downs Masters S Northern Flag S Lee Mat S Ga Hai S Weekend Delight S Kentucky Cup Sprint Fitz Dixon Mem S Presque Isle Debutante S Marfa S Victorian Queen S Phoenix BC S Thoroughbred Club of America S Bull Page S Fanfreluche S Ontario Fashion S BC Sprint Kennedy Road S Holiday Inaugural Stakes Gowell S Holiday Cheer Stakes

Class Gr 3 S S S

Country USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA CAN CAN CAN USA CAN USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA CAN CAN USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA CAN CAN USA USA CAN USA USA USA USA CAN USA USA USA USA USA

Track Penn National Finger Lakes Lone Star Lone Star Colonial Downs Colonial Downs Saratoga Saratoga Penn National Louisiana Downs Louisiana Downs Louisiana Downs Mountaineer Mountaineer Mountaineer Louisiana Downs Mountaineer Finger Lakes Monmouth Park Monmouth Park Hastings Racecourse Northlands Park Hastings Racecourse Saratoga Hastings Racecourse Saratoga Thistledown Emerald Downs Calder Calder Emerald Downs Saratoga Saratoga Thistledown Northlands Park Northlands Park Saratoga Saratoga Finger Lakes Delaware Park Remington Park Delaware Park Thistledown Remington Park Remington Park Saratoga Fairmount Park Fairmount Park Fairmount Park Fairmount Park Hastings Racecourse Hastings Racecourse Saratoga Hoosier Park Northlands Park Canterbury Hoosier Park Canterbury Canterbury Northlands Park Canterbury River Downs Evangeline Downs Monmouth Park Monmouth Park

Race Name & (Sponsor) Day Lilly Arctic Queen Handicap Silver Spur Breeders’ Cup Stakes Middleground Breeders’ Cup Stakes Chesapeake Stakes Jamestown Stakes Schuylerville Stakes Sanford Stakes Femme Fatale S Louisiana Cup Juvenile Louisiana Cup Sprint Louisiana Cup Filly and Mare Sprint Harvey Arneault Memorial Stakes Mountaineer Juvenile Fillies Stakes West Virginia Secretary of State Louisiana Cup Juvenile Fillies Mountaineer Juvenile Stakes Ontario County Stakes Regret Stakes Teddy Drone Stakes British Columbia Cup Debutante Stakes Sun Sprint Stakes British Columbia Cup Sprint Handicap Amsterdam Stakes British Columbia Cup Nursery Stakes John Morrissey Stakes Cleveland Kindergarten Stakes Angie C Stakes Florida Stallion Stakes - Deser t Vixen Division Florida Stallion Stakes - Dr. Fager Division Premio Esmeralda Stakes Honorable Miss Handicap Alfred G Vanderbilt Handicap Honey Jay Stakes 2-Year-Old Sale Stakes 2-Year-Old Sale Stakes (Fillies) Adirondack Stakes Saratoga Special Stakes Leon Reed Memorial Handicap Delaware Certified Distaff Sprint Cup New Castle Hcp Miss Ohio Stakes Filly & Mare Sprint Clever Trevor S Union Avenue Stakes Tex’s Zing S Troy Our Boy S All Sold Out S Pollyanna Pixie S Lassie Handicap New Westminster Handicap Victory Ride Stakes Merrillville S Bird of Pay Stakes Northern Lights Debutante Stakes Brickyard S MN Sprint Championship MN Distaff Sprint Championship Birdcatcher Stakes Northern Lights Futurity Stakes Coca-Cola Bassinet Stakes Opelousas Stakes Sorority Stakes Sapling Stakes

Class

Gr 3

R Gr 3 Gr 2 R R Gr 1 Gr 3 S S

S

S Gr 3 Gr 2 S S S

S S S S Gr 2 S S S R R Gr 2 Gr 2 S R R Gr 2 Gr 2 S R R S S S S S S Gr 3 S S S S S S

Gr 3

Race Date 12-Sep-09 18-Sep-09 18-Sep-09 18-Sep-09 19-Sep-09 26-Sep-09 26-Sep-09 26-Sep-09 3-Oct-09 3-Oct-09 9-Oct-09 10-Oct-09 12-Oct-09 25-Oct-09 1-Nov-09 7-Nov-09 21-Nov-09 29-Nov-09 19-Dec-09 26-Dec-09 Race Date 17-Jul-09 19-Jul-09 25-Jul-09 26-Jul-09 27-Jul-09 28-Jul-09 29-Jul-09 30-Jul-09 31-Jul-09 01-Aug-09 01-Aug-09 01-Aug-09 01-Aug-09 01-Aug-09 01-Aug-09 01-Aug-09 01-Aug-09 01-Aug-09 02-Aug-09 02-Aug-09 03-Aug-09 03-Aug-09 03-Aug-09 03-Aug-09 03-Aug-09 06-Aug-09 08-Aug-09 08-Aug-09 08-Aug-09 08-Aug-09 09-Aug-09 09-Aug-09 09-Aug-09 15-Aug-09 15-Aug-09 15-Aug-09 19-Aug-09 20-Aug-09 22-Aug-09 22-Aug-09 22-Aug-09 22-Aug-09 22-Aug-09 22-Aug-09 23-Aug-09 24-Aug-09 25-Aug-09 25-Aug-09 25-Aug-09 25-Aug-09 26-Aug-09 28-Aug-09 29-Aug-09 29-Aug-09 29-Aug-09 30-Aug-09 30-Aug-09 30-Aug-09 30-Aug-09 30-Aug-09 30-Aug-09 05-Sep-09 05-Sep-09 05-Sep-09 05-Sep-09

Value $400,000 $75,000 $75,000 $75,0000 $75,000 $100,000 $100,000 $100,000 $75,000 CAN125,000 $175K / $25K $250,000 CAN125,000 CAN150,000 CAN150,000 $2,000,000 CAN150,000 $50,000 $50,000 $50,000

Age 3+ F&M 3F 3+ 3 3+ F&M 3 2 2F 3+ 2F 3+ 3+ F&M 2 C&G 2F 3+ F&M 3+ 3+ 3+ F&M 2F 3+

Surface AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT

Metres 1300 1300 1300 1300 1200 1200 1300 1200 1300 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200

Furlongs 6 1/16 6 1/16 6 1/16 6 1/16 6 6 6 1/16 6 6 1/16 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6

Closing 02-Sep-09 08-Sep-09 08-Sep-09 08-Sep-09 09-Sep-09 16-Sep-09 16-Sep-09 16-Sep-09 23-Sep-09 16-Sep-09 30-Sep-09 30-Sep-09 23-Sep-09 07-Oct-09 14-Oct-09 26-Oct-09 04-Nov-09 19-Nov-09 09-Dec-09 06-Dec-09

6f-61/16f (1200m-1300m) DIRT

Value Age Surface $60,000 3+ F&M D $50,000 3+ FM D $50K/$25K (BC) 2F D $50K/$25K (BC) 2 CG D $50,000 3+ D $50,000 2 D $100,000 2F D $150,000 2 D $75,000 3F D $75,000 2 D $100,000 3+ D $100,000 3+ F&M D $85,000 3+ D $85,000 2F D $85,000 3+ FM D $75,000 2F D $85,000 2 D $50,000 3 D $100,000 3+ FM D $100,000 3+ D CAN 50,000 2 F BC bred D CAN 50,000 3+ D CAN 50,000 3+ D $150,000 3 D CAN 50,000 2 CG BC bred D $80,000 3+ (NY bred) D $50,000 2 D $50,000 2F D $100,000 2F D $100,000 2 D $50,000 2 CG D $150,000 3+ FM D $250,000 3+ D $50,000 3+ D CAN 60,000 2 C&G D CAN 60,000 2F D $150,000 2F D $150,000 2 D $50,000 3+ D $75,000 3+ F&M D $200,000 3+ D $75,000 3+ D $50,000 2F D $100,000 3+ F&M D $50,000 2 D $80,000 3+ FM (NY bred) D $50,000 3+ D $50,000 2 C&G D $50,000 2F D $50,000 3F D CAN 50,000 2F D CAN 50,000 2 D $100,000 3F D $70,000 3+ F&M (Reg IN bred) D CAN 50,000 2F D $60,000 2F D $70,000 3+ (Reg IN bred) D $50,000 3+ D $50,000 3+ FM D CAN 50,000 2 C&G D $60,000 2 CG D $100,000 2F D $75,000 2F D $100,000 2F D $150,000 2 D

Metres 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1300 1300 1300 1300 1300 1300 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1300 1300 1300 1300 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1300 1300 1200 1200 1300 1200 1200 1200 1200 1300 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200

Furlongs Closing 6 08-Jul-09 6 06-Jul-09 6 16-Jul-09 6 16-Jul-09 6 17-Jul-09 6 28-Jul-09 6 18-Jul-09 6 18-Jul-09 6 22-Jul-09 6 18-Jul-09 6 18-Jul-09 6 18-Jul-09 6 20-Jul-09 6 20-Jul-09 6 20-Jul-09 6 18-Jul-09 6 20-Jul-09 6 18-Jul-09 6 26-Jul-09 6 26-Jul-09 6 1/16 22-Jul-09 6 1/16 24-Jul-09 6 1/16 22-Jul-09 6 1/16 18-Jul-09 6 1/16 22-Jul-09 6 1/16 30-Jul-09 6 30-Jul-09 6 6 15-May-09 6 15-May-09 6 6 25-Jul-09 6 25-Jul-09 6 06-Aug-09 6 1/16 08-Aug-09 6 1/16 08-Aug-09 6 1/16 08-Aug-09 6 1/16 08-Aug-09 6 08-Aug-09 6 11-Aug-09 6 13-Aug-09 6 11-Aug-09 6 13-Aug-09 6 13-Aug-09 6 14-Aug-09 6 15-Aug-09 6 14-Aug-09 6 14-Aug-09 6 14-Aug-09 6 14-Aug-09 6 1/16 19-Aug-09 6 1/16 19-Aug-09 6 15-Aug-09 6 19-Aug-09 6 1/16 21-Aug-09 6 01-Apr-09 6 20-Aug-09 6 20-Aug-09 6 20-Aug-09 6 1/16 21-Aug-09 6 01-Apr-09 6 12-Jun-09 6 22-Aug-09 6 22-Aug-09 6 22-Aug-09

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6f-61/16f (1200m-1300m) DIRT Country USA USA CAN USA USA USA CAN CAN USA USA USA USA USA USA CAN USA USA USA USA CAN USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA CAN USA USA USA USA USA USA CAN CAN USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA CAN USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA JPN USA USA USA

Track Finger Lakes Evangeline Downs Hastings Racecourse Finger Lakes Fairplex Park Pinnacle Assiniboia Downs Hastings Racecourse Delaware Park Pinnacle Zia Park Emerald Downs Emerald Downs Fairplex Park Hastings Racecourse Emerald Downs Louisiana Downs Fairplex Park Philadelphia Park Northlands Park Fairplex Park Fairplex Park Retama Park Retama Park Belmont Park Remington Park Monmouth Park Remington Park Monmouth Park Hastings Racecourse Thistledown Louisiana Downs Belmont Park Louisiana Downs Finger Lakes Finger Lakes Hastings Racecourse Hastings Racecourse Hoosier Park Remington Park Pinnacle Philadelphia Park Pinnacle Remington Park Hoosier Park Finger Lakes Hastings Racecourse Zia Park Hoosier Park Hoosier Park Belmont Park Zia Park Finger Lakes Beulah Park Hawthorne Hawthorne Hawthorne Hawthorne Philadelphia Park Philadelphia Park Zia Park Zia Park Zia Park Zia Park Zia Park Calder Aqueduct Aqueduct Mountaineer Remington Park Remington Park Aqueduct Remington Park Zia Park Aqueduct Aqueduct Nakayama Beulah Park Mountaineer Mountaineer

Race Name & (Sponsor) Class Aspirant Stakes S Lafayette Stakes PNE President’s Speed Stakes Lady Fingers Stakes S Beverly J. Lewis S Patrick Wood S S Winnipeg Futurity CTHS Sales Stakes S Endine Stakes Gr 3 Sickle’s Image S S Premiere Cup Handicap Diane Kem Stakes S Dennis Dodge Stakes Bangles and Beads CTHS Sales Stakes S Chinook Pass Sprint S Temperence Hill Barretts Debutante R Devil’s Honor Handicap S Red Diamond Express Stakes S Barretts Juvenile R Governor’s Cup My Dandy Texas Stallion Stakes R Darby’s Daughter Texas Stallion Stakes R Gallant Bloom Handicap Gr 2 Oklahoma Classics Filly Sprint S Monmouth Park NATC Futurity Oklahoma Classics Sprint S Monmouth Park NATC Futurity (F) Derby Bar and Grill Express Best of Ohio Sprint Handicap S Lady Razorback Futurity S Vosburgh Stakes Gr 1 Razorback Futurity S New York Breeders’ Futurity S Proud Puppy Handicap Sadie Diamond Futurity S Jack Diamond Futurity S Miss Indiana S S E L Gaylord Memorial S MI Sire Stakes - 2yo Fillies Gallant Bob Handicap MI Sires Stakes - 2yo Colts & Geldings Flashy Lady Stakes Indiana Futurity S Finger Lakes Juvenile Fillies Premier’s Handicap Gr 3 Permian Basin S Indiana Stallion S S The Crown Ambassador S S Hudson Handicap S Governor’s Cup Finger Lakes Juvenile Scarlet & Gray Handicap S Powerless Handicap S Sun Power Stakes S Showtime Deb Stakes S Lightning Jet Handicap S Channel Three Stakes S Parfaitment Stakes S New Mexico Classic Cup Juvenile For Fillies S New Mexico Classic Cup Juvenile For Colts and Geldings S New Mexico Classic Cup Sprint Championship S New Mexico Classic Cup Championship for Colts and Geldings S New Mexico Classic Cup Championship for Fillies S Jack Dudley Sprint Handicap S New York Stallion Series - Great White Way Division R New York Stallion Series - Fif th Avenue Division R Sophomore Sprint Championship Stakes Oklahoma Classics Lassie S Oklahoma Classics Juvenile S Fall Highweight Handicap Gr 3 Silver Goblin S S Zia Park Distaff S Garland of Roses Handicap Gravesend Handicap Capella Stakes Gr 3 Samuel H R Christmas Stakes New Year’s Eve Stakes

Race Date 07-Sep-09 07-Sep-09 07-Sep-09 07-Sep-09 10-Sep-09 12-Sep-09 12-Sep-09 12-Sep-09 12-Sep-09 12-Sep-09 13-Sep-09 13-Sep-09 13-Sep-09 13-Sep-09 13-Sep-09 13-Sep-09 19-Sep-09 19-Sep-09 19-Sep-09 19-Sep-09 20-Sep-09 23-Sep-09 26-Sep-09 26-Sep-09 26-Sep-09 26-Sep-09 26-Sep-09 26-Sep-09 26-Sep-09 27-Sep-09 03-Oct-09 03-Oct-09 03-Oct-09 03-Oct-09 03-Oct-09 03-Oct-09 03-Oct-09 04-Oct-09 10-Oct-09 10-Oct-09 10-Oct-09 10-Oct-09 10-Oct-09 10-Oct-09 11-Oct-09 17-Oct-09 18-Oct-09 18-Oct-09 23-Oct-09 24-Oct-09 24-Oct-09 25-Oct-09 31-Oct-09 31-Oct-09 31-Oct-09 31-Oct-09 31-Oct-09 31-Oct-09 02-Nov-09 02-Nov-09 08-Nov-09 08-Nov-09 08-Nov-09 08-Nov-09 08-Nov-09 14-Nov-09 15-Nov-09 15-Nov-09 17-Nov-09 22-Nov-09 22-Nov-09 26-Nov-09 27-Nov-09 28-Nov-09 05-Dec-09 12-Dec-09 13-Dec-09 23-Dec-09 26-Dec-09 29-Dec-09

Value $100,000 $75,000 CAN 50,000 $100,000 $50,000 $50,000 CAN 50,000 CAN 60,000 $150,000 $50,000 $100,000 $50,000 $50,000 $50,000 CAN 60,000 $50,000 $50,000 $125,000 $100,000 CAN 50,000 $125,000 $50,000 $125,000 $125,000 $150,000 $70,000 $200,000 $70,000 $200,000 CAN 50,000 $75,000 $50,000 $400,000 $50,000 $200,000 $50,000 CAN 100,000 CAN 100,000 $70,000 $50,000 $50,000 $250,000 $50,000 $50,000 $70,000 $50,000 CAN 100,000 $60,000 $70,000 $70,000 $125,000 $60,000 $50,000 $50,000 $100,000 $100,000 $100,000 $100,000 $75,000 $75,000 $140,000 $140,000 $170,000 $140,000 $140,000 $150,000 $100,000 $100,000 $75,000 $60,000 $60,000 $100,000 $50,000 $60,000 $65,000 $65,000 $925,000 $15,000 $75,000 $75,000

Country USA IRE CAN FR

Track Belmont Park Curragh Woodbine Deauville

Race Name & (Sponsor) Jaipur Stakes Phoenix St Royal North S Prix Maurice de Gheest

Race Date 18-Jul-09 26-Jul-09 01-Aug-09 09-Aug-09

Value $150,000 €250,000 CAN150,000 €250,000

72 TRAINERMAGAZINE.com ISSUE 13

Class Gr 3 Gp 1 Gr 3 Gp 1

Age Surface 2 C&G D 2 D 3+ D 2F D 3F D 2 C&G D 2 D 2F D 3+ FM D 2F D 3+ D 2 F WA bred D 2 CG WA bred D 3+ F&M D 2 CG D 3+ D 3+ D 2F D 3+ D 3+ D 2 D 3+ D 2 CG D 2F D 3+ FM D 3+ F&M D 2C D 3+ D 2F D 3+ D 3+ D 2 F (AR bred) D 3+ D 2 C&G (AR bred) D 2 D 3+ FM D 2F D 2 CG D 2F D 2F D 2F D 3 D 2 C&G D 3+ F&M D 2 (Reg IN bred) D 2F D 3+ D 2F D 2F D 2 D 3+ (NY bred) D 2 D 2 D 3+ FM D 3+ FM (IL bred) D 2 CG (IL bred) D 2 F (IL bred) D 3+ (IL bred) D 2F D 2 D 2F D 2 C&G D 3+ D 3 C&G D 3F D 3+ D 2 D 2F D 3 D 2F D 2 C&G D 3+ D 3+ D 3+ F&M D 3+ FM D 3+ D 3+ D 3+ D 3+ D 3+ FM D

Metres 1200 1200 1200 1200 1300 1200 1200 1300 1200 1200 1200 1300 1300 1300 1300 1200 1200 1300 1200 1300 1300 1300 1200 1200 1300 1300 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1300 1300 1200 1300 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1300 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200

Furlongs Closing 6 01-Apr-09 6 22-Aug-09 6 26-Aug-09 6 01-Apr-09 6 1/16 29-Aug-09 6 29-Aug-09 6 02-Sep-09 6 1/16 02-Sep-09 6 01-Sep-09 6 29-Aug-09 6 02-Sep-09 6 1/16 05-Sep-09 6 1/16 05-Sep-09 6 1/16 29-Aug-09 6 1/16 02-Sep-09 6 05-Sep-09 6 05-Sep-09 6 1/16 6 01-Jun-09 6 1/16 09-Sep-09 6 1/16 6 1/16 12-Sep-09 6 6 6 1/16 12-Sep-09 6 1/16 6 15-May-09 6 6 15-May-09 6 16-Sep-09 6 22-Sep-09 6 01-Jul-09 6 19-Sep-09 6 01-Jul-09 6 01-Apr-09 6 19-Sep-09 6 1/16 23-Sep-09 6 1/16 23-Sep-09 6 30-Sep-09 6 1/16 01-Oct-09 6 26-Sep-09 6 26-Sep-09 6 26-Sep-09 6 01-Oct-09 6 30-Sep-09 6 03-Oct-09 6 07-Oct-09 6 06-Oct-09 6 14-Oct-09 6 14-Oct-09 6 10-Oct-09 6 13-Oct-09 6 17-Oct-09 6 21-Oct-09 6 21-Oct-09 6 21-Oct-09 6 21-Oct-09 6 21-Oct-09 6 19-Oct-09 6 19-Oct-09 6 26-Oct-09 6 26-Oct-09 6 26-Oct-09 6 26-Oct-09 6 26-Oct-09 6 31-Oct-09 6 6 6 03-Nov-09 6 6 6 14-Nov-09 6 1/16 18-Nov-09 6 16-Nov-09 6 21-Nov-09 6 12-Dec-09 6 27-Oct-09 6 12-Dec-09 6 14-Dec-09 6 14-Dec-09

6f-61/16f (1200m-1300m) TURF

Age 3+ 2 CF 3+ F&M 3+

Surface T T T T

Metres 1200 1200 1200 1300

Furlongs 6 6 6 6.5

Closing 04-Jul-09 01-Apr-09 15-Jul-09 22-Jul-09

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6f-61/16f (1200m-1300m) TURF Country JPN FR JPN GB JPN GB GB JPN CAN USA JPN

Track Kokura Deauville Sapporo Haydock Park Hanshin Newmarket Newmarket Nakayama Woodbine Oak Tree at Santa Anita Kyoto

Race Name & (Sponsor) TV Nishinippon Corp Sho Kitakyushu Kinen Prix Morny (Darley) Keeneland Cup Sprint Cup (Betfred) Centaur Stakes Middle Park St (Shadwell) Cheveley Park St Sprinters Stakes Nearctic S BC Turf Sprint Keihan Hai

Class Gr 3 Gp 1 Gr 3 Gp 1 Gr 2 Gp 1 Gp 1 Gr 1 Gr 2

Country USA USA CAN USA USA CAN USA CAN CAN USA CAN CAN USA USA CAN USA CAN CAN CAN

Track Hollywood Park Del Mar Woodbine Del Mar Del Mar Woodbine Del Mar Woodbine Woodbine Del Mar Woodbine Woodbine Keeneland Keeneland Woodbine Oak Tree at Santa Anita Woodbine Woodbine Woodbine

Race Name & (Sponsor) A Gleam Handicap Fleet Treat Stakes Duchess S Real Good Deal Stakes Darley Debutante Seaway S Pat O’Brien Handicap Muskoka S Simcoe S Del Mar Futurity Overskate S Swynford S Perryville presented by Budweiser Select Lexus Raven Run Frost King S BC Filly & Mare Sprint Glorious Song S Jammed Lovely S Bessarabian S

Class Gr 2 S

Country USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA

Track Evangeline Downs Philadelphia Park Philadelphia Park Saratoga Charles Town Charles Town Calder Calder Saratoga Saratoga Saratoga Saratoga Saratoga Fairplex Park Fairplex Park Fairplex Park Philadelphia Park Belmont Park Belmont Park Belmont Park Belmont Park Louisiana Downs Louisiana Downs Belmont Park Aqueduct Calder Calder Aqueduct Aqueduct Philadelphia Park Calder

Race Name & (Sponsor) Oak Hall Stakes Peppy Addy Stakes Caught in the Rain Stakes Test Charles Town Juvenile Charles Town Oaks Florida Stallion Stakes - Affirmed Division Florida Stallion Stakes - Susan’s Girl Division NetJets King’s Bishop Stakes Ballerina Stakes Forego Handicap Spinaway Stakes Three Chimneys Hopeful Stakes Jim Kostoff S C.B. Afflerbaugh S Bustles and Bows S PHBA Distaff Futurity Stakes Matron Stakes Joseph A Gimma Stakes Bertram F Bongard Stakes LA Stallions S LA Stallions S Iroquois Handicap Bold Ruler Joe O’Farrell Juvenile Fillies Jack Price Juvenile New York Stallion Series - Staten Island Division New York Stallion Series - Thunder Rumble Division Pennsylvania Nursery Stakes Kenny Noe Jr Handicap

Class

Gr 3

S Gr 1 Gr 3 Gr 1 R R Gr 1 R Gr 3 Gr 2 R Gr 1 S

S S Gr 1 R R Gr 1 Gr 1 Gr 1 Gr 1 Gr 1

S Gr 2 Gr 2 S S S S S Gr 3 S S R R S Gr 3

Race Date 16-Aug-09 23-Aug-09 30-Aug-09 05-Sep-09 13-Sep-09 02-Oct-09 02-Oct-09 04-Oct-09 17-Oct-09 07-Nov-09 28-Nov-09

Value $960,000 €350,000 $960,000 £300,000 $1,420,000 £170,000 £170,000 $2,240,000 CAN500,000 $1,000,000 $960,000

Race Date 18-Jul-09 25-Jul-09 08-Aug-09 14-Aug-09 05-Sep-09 05-Sep-09 06-Sep-09 07-Sep-09 07-Sep-09 07-Sep-09 13-Sep-09 13-Sep-09 17-Oct-09 24-Oct-09 04-Nov-09 06-Nov-09 15-Nov-09 15-Nov-09 22-Nov-09

Value $150,000 $100,000 CAN150,000 $100,000 $300,000 CAN150,000 $300,000 CAN125,000 CAN125,000 $300,000 CAN125,000 CAN150,000 $150,000 $300,000 CAN125,000 $1,000,000 CAN150,000 CAN150,000 CAN150,000

Race Date 18-Jul-09 18-Jul-09 18-Jul-09 08-Aug-09 15-Aug-09 15-Aug-09 29-Aug-09 29-Aug-09 29-Aug-09 29-Aug-09 05-Sep-09 06-Sep-09 07-Sep-09 11-Sep-09 16-Sep-09 18-Sep-09 19-Sep-09 19-Sep-09 19-Sep-09 27-Sep-09 27-Sep-09 03-Oct-09 03-Oct-09 24-Oct-09 31-Oct-09 14-Nov-09 14-Nov-09 15-Nov-09 15-Nov-09 28-Nov-09 26-Dec-09

Value $50,000 $75,000 $75,000 $300,000 $100,000 $250,000 $150,000 $150,000 $300,000 $300,000 $300,000 $300,000 $300,000 $50,000 $50,000 $50,000 $200,000 $250,000 $250,000 $100,000 $100,000 $100,000 $100,000 $125,000 $150,000 $150,000 $150,000 $75,000 $75,000 $75,000 $100,000

Age 3+ 2 CF 3+ 3+ 3+ 2C 2F 3+ 3+ 3+ 3+

Surface T T T T T T T T T T T

Metres 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1300 1200

Furlongs 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 1/16 6

Closing 07-Jul-09 05-Aug-09 21-Jul-09 07-Jul-09 04-Aug-09 21-Jul-09 21-Jul-09 18-Aug-09 30-Sep-09 26-Oct-09 13-Oct-09

7f-71/16f (1400m-1500m) AWT Age 3+ FM 3F 3F 3 2F 3+ F&M 3+ 2F 2 C&G 2 3+ 2 3 3F 2 3+ F&M 2F 3F 3+ F&M

Surface AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT

Metres 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400

Furlongs 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7

Closing 08-Jul-09 16-Jul-09 22-Jul-09 06-Aug-09 05-Jun-09 19-Aug-09 27-Aug-09 19-Aug-09 19-Aug-09 05-Jun-09 26-Aug-09 26-Aug-09 07-Oct-09 14-Oct-09 14-Oct-09 26-Oct-09 28-Oct-09 28-Oct-09 04-Nov-09

7f-71/16f (1400m-1500m) DIRT

Age Surface 3+ D 3 D 3F D 3F D 2 D 3F D 2 D 2F D 3 D 3+ FM D 3+ D 2F D 2 D 3 D 2 D 2F D 3+ F&M D 2 D 2F D 2 F (NY bred) D 2 (NY bred) D 2F D 2 C&G D 3+ FM (NY bred) D 3+ D 2F D 2 D 3+ FM D 3+ D 2 D 3+ D

Metres 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400

Furlongs Closing 7 09-Jul-09 7 04-Jul-09 7 04-Jul-09 7 25-Jul-09 7 01-Aug-09 7 01-Aug-09 7 15-May-09 7 15-May-09 7 15-Aug-09 7 15-Aug-09 7 22-Aug-09 7 22-Aug-09 7 22-Aug-09 7 29-Aug-09 7 09-Sep-09 7 10-Sep-09 7 01-Jun-09 7 05-Sep-09 7 05-Sep-09 7 12-Sep-09 7 12-Sep-09 7 7 7 10-Oct-09 7 17-Oct-09 7 31-Oct-09 7 31-Oct-09 7 7 7 01-Sep-09 7 12-Dec-09

7f-71/16f (1400m-1500m) TURF Country USA CAN CAN IRE USA IRE USA FR FR GB JPN USA USA JPN

Track Delaware Park Woodbine Woodbine Curragh Remington Park Curragh Remington Park Longchamp Longchamp Newmarket Kyoto Remington Park Calder Hanshin

Race Name & (Sponsor) Light Hearted Stakes Passing Mood S Play the King S Moyglare Stud St Red Earth S National St Oklahoma Classics Filly & Mare Turf Prix de la Foret (Qatar) Prix Jean-Luc Lagardere-Grand Criterium Dewhurst St (Darley) Mainichi Broadcasting System Sho Swan Stakes Ladies on the Lawn S Frances Genter H Hanshin Cup

Class

Track Woodbine Presque Isle Downs

Race Name & (Sponsor) Ontario Matron S Windward S

Class

R Gr 2 Gp 1 S Gp 1 S Gp 1 Gp 1 Gp 1 Gr 2 S Gr 3 Gr 2

Race Date 19-Jul-09 22-Jul-09 29-Aug-09 30-Aug-09 30-Aug-09 12-Sep-09 26-Sep-09 03-Oct-09 04-Oct-09 17-Oct-09 31-Oct-09 27-Nov-09 05-Dec-09 20-Dec-09

Value $75,000 CAN125,000 CAN200,000 €275,000 $50,000 €250,000 $70,000 €250,000 €350,000 £300,000 $1,420,000 $50,000 $100,000 $1,660,000

Race Date 19-Jul-09 25-Jul-09

Value CAN150,000 $100,000

Age 3+ FM 3F 3+ 2F 3+ 2 CF 3+ F&M 3+ 2 CF 2 C&F 3+ 3+ F&M 3F 3+

Surface T T T T T T T T T T T T T T

Metres 1500 1400 1400 1400 1500 1400 1500 1400 1400 1400 1400 1500 1500 1400

Furlongs Closing 7 1/16 05-Jul-09 7 01-Jul-09 7 12-Aug-09 7 27-May-09 7 1/16 21-Aug-09 7 27-May-09 7 1/16 7 26-Aug-09 7 26-Aug-09 7 04-Aug-09 7 15-Sep-09 7 1/16 18-Nov-09 7 1/16 21-Nov-09 7 10-Nov-09

8f-81/16f (1600m-1700m) AWT Country CAN USA

Age 3+ F&M 3+ F&M

Surface AWT AWT

Metres 1700 1600

Furlongs 8 1/16 8

Closing 01-Jul-09 15-Jul-09

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8f-81/16f (1600m-1700m) AWT Country USA USA CAN USA CAN USA USA USA USA USA CAN CAN USA USA USA USA CAN CAN USA USA CAN CAN CAN USA USA USA CAN CAN CAN CAN CAN CAN USA USA USA

Track Presque Isle Downs Del Mar Woodbine Del Mar Woodbine Del Mar Arlington Park Del Mar Arlington Park Del Mar Woodbine Woodbine Del Mar Presque Isle Downs Turfway Park Presque Isle Downs Woodbine Woodbine Keeneland Keeneland Woodbine Woodbine Woodbine Oak Tree at Santa Anita Oak Tree at Santa Anita Oak Tree at Santa Anita Woodbine Woodbine Woodbine Woodbine Woodbine Woodbine Turfway Park Hollywood Park Hollywood Park

Race Name & (Sponsor) Leeward S San Diego Handicap Seagram Cup S Clement L. Hirsch Handicap Eternal Search S El Cajon Stakes Arlington-Washington BC Lassie Windy Sands Handicap Arlington-Washington Futurity Torrey Pines Stakes Elgin S Algoma S Adoration Handicap Presque Isle Mile Kentucky Cup Distaff HBPA S Selene S Classy’n Smart S Darley Alcibiades S Breeders’ Futurity Mazarine BC S Grey BC S Princess Elizabeth S BC Juvenile Fillies BC Juvenile BC Dirt Mile South Ocean S Autumn S Kingarvie S Ontario Lassie S Sir Barton S Display S My Charmer Stakes Hollywood Starlet CashCall Futurity

Class Gr 2 Gr 3 Gr 1 R Gr 3 Gr 3 R R R Gr 3 Gr 3 R Gr 1 Gr 1 Gr 3 Gr 3 R Gr 1 Gr 1 Gr 1 S Gr 2 S S S S Gr 1 Gr 1

Race Date Value 26-Jul-09 $100,000 02-Aug-09 $250,000 03-Aug-09 CAN150,000 09-Aug-09 $300,000 22-Aug-09 CAN125,000 05-Sep-09 $100,000 05-Sep-09 $100K/$50K 05-Sep-09 $85,000 05-Sep-09 $150,000 06-Sep-09 $100,000 07-Sep-09 CAN125,000 07-Sep-09 CAN125,000 07-Sep-09 $85,000 13-Sep-09 $200,000 26-Sep-09 $100,000 26-Sep-09 $100,000 26-Sep-09 CAN250,000 07-Oct-09 CAN125,000 09-Oct-09 $500,000 10-Oct-09 $500,000 10-Oct-09CAN50K(BC)/CAN200K 11-Oct-09CAN50K (BC)/CAN200K 31-Oct-09 CAN250,000 06-Nov-09 $2,000,000 07-Nov-09 $2,000,000 07-Nov-09 $1,000,000 11-Nov-09 CAN125,000 14-Nov-09 CAN150,000 28-Nov-09 CAN125,000 29-Nov-09 CAN150,000 02-Dec-09 CAN125,000 05-Dec-09 CAN150,000 05-Dec-09 $50,000 12-Dec-09 $500,000 19-Dec-09 $750,000

Age 3+ 3+ 3+ 3+ F&M 3F 3 2F 3+ 2 3F 3+ C&G 3+ F&M 3+ F&M 3+ 3+ F&M 3+ F&M 3F 3+ F&M 2F 2 2F 2 2F 2F 2 C&G 3+ 2F 3+ 2 2F 3+ 2 3+ F&M 2F 2

Surface AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT

Metres 1600 1700 1700 1700 1700 1600 1600 1600 1600 1600 1700 1700 1600 1600 1700 1650 1700 1700 1700 1700 1700 1700 1700 1700 1700 1600 1700 1700 1700 1700 1700 1700 1700 1700 1700

Furlongs 8 8 1/16 8 1/16 8 1/16 8 1/16 8 8 8 8 8 8 1/16 8 1/16 8 8 8 1/16 8 + 70yd 8 1/16 8 1/16 8 1/16 8 1/16 8 1/16 8 1/16 8 1/16 8 1/16 8 1/16 8 8 1/16 8 1/16 8 1/16 8 1/16 8 1/16 8 1/16 8 1/16 8 1/16 8 1/16

Closing 16-Jul-09 23-Jul-09 15-Jul-09 30-Jul-09 05-Aug-09 27-Aug-09 26-Aug-09 27-Aug-09 26-Aug-09 27-Aug-09 19-Aug-09 19-Aug-09 30-Aug-09 03-Sep-09 16-Sep-09 16-Sep-09 09-Sep-09 16-Sep-09 30-Sep-09 30-Sep-09 23-Sep-09 23-Sep-09 01-Aug-09 26-Oct-09 26-Oct-09 26-Oct-09 21-Oct-09 28-Oct-09 11-Nov-09 11-Nov-09 11-Nov-09 18-Nov-09 25-Nov-09 15-May-09 15-May-09

8f-81/16f (1600m-1700m) DIRT Country CAN USA USA USA USA USA CAN USA USA USA CAN USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA CAN USA CAN CAN CAN USA USA CAN USA USA USA USA USA USA CAN CAN CAN CAN USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA

Track Assiniboia Downs Suffolk Downs Delaware Park Delaware Park Delaware Park Emerald Downs Northlands Park Pinnacle Calder Emerald Downs Northlands Park Louisiana Downs Louisiana Downs Mountaineer Canterbury Canterbury Pinnacle Monmouth Park Monmouth Park Northlands Park Emerald Downs Assiniboia Downs Hastings Racecourse Hastings Racecourse Pinnacle Suffolk Downs Northlands Park Finger Lakes Louisiana Downs Monmouth Park Evangeline Downs Pinnacle Emerald Downs Assiniboia Downs Assiniboia Downs Northlands Park Northlands Park Fairmount Park Fairmount Park Calder Emerald Downs Calder Monmouth Park Canterbury Canterbury Finger Lakes Emerald Downs Pinnacle

Race Name & (Sponsor) RC Anderson Stakes Last Dance Stakes RRM Carpenter Stakes Delaware Oaks Barbaro Stakes Washington’s Lottery Handicap Don Fleming Handicap Dowling S Nancy’s Glitter Handicap Boeing Handicap Count Lathum Stakes Louisiana Cup Derby Louisiana Cup Oaks West Virginia Governor’s Stakes Minnesota Derby Minnesota Oaks Ann Arbour S Elkwood Stakes Lady’s Secret Stakes Madamoiselle Stakes Seattle Slew Handicap Assiniboia Oaks British Columbia Cup Dogwood Stakes British Columbia Cup Stellar’s Jay Stakes Moonbeam H First Episode Stakes Westerner Stakes Genesee Valley Breeders’ Handicap Super Derby Prelude Monmouth BC Oaks Evangeline Mile MI Breeders Cup Longacres Mile BC Handicap Agassiz Stakes Distaff Stakes City of Edmonton Distaff Stakes Sonoma Stakes Bungalow H Pete Condellone S Seacliff Stakes WTBA Lads Stakes Lindsay Frolic Stakes Molly Pitcher BC Stakes MN Classic Championship MN Distaff Classic Championship New York Oaks Barbara Shinpoch Stakes Michigan Oaks

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Class R S Gr 3 S

S S S S S

S S S S S Gr 3 S Gr 3 S R S S

Gr 2 S S S S

Race Date 17-Jul-09 18-Jul-09 18-Jul-09 18-Jul-09 19-Jul-09 19-Jul-09 25-Jul-09 25-Jul-09 25-Jul-09 26-Jul-09 01-Aug-09 01-Aug-09 01-Aug-09 01-Aug-09 01-Aug-09 01-Aug-09 01-Aug-09 02-Aug-09 02-Aug-09 02-Aug-09 02-Aug-09 03-Aug-09 03-Aug-09 03-Aug-09 08-Aug-09 08-Aug-09 08-Aug-09 09-Aug-09 15-Aug-09 15-Aug-09 15-Aug-09 15-Aug-09 16-Aug-09 21-Aug-09 21-Aug-09 22-Aug-09 23-Aug-09 25-Aug-09 25-Aug-09 29-Aug-09 29-Aug-09 29-Aug-09 30-Aug-09 30-Aug-09 30-Aug-09 30-Aug-09 30-Aug-09 05-Sep-09

Value CAN 50,000 $50,000 $100,000 $250,000 $150,000 $50,000 CAN 50,000 $50,000 $75,000 $50,000 CAN 75,000 $100,000 $100,000 $125,000 $60,000 $60,000 $50,000 $100,000 $100,000 CAN 50,000 $50,000 CAN 50,000 CAN 50,000 CAN 50,000 $50,000 $50,000 CAN 50,000 $50,000 $100,000 $150K / $50K (BC) $150,000 $50,000 $50K (BC)/$250K CAN 50,000 CAN 50,000 CAN 75,000 CAN 75,000 $50,000 $50,000 $100,000 $50,000 $100,000 $225K / $75K (BC) $50,000 $50,000 $75,000 $60,000 $50,000

Age Surface 3F D 3+ MA bred D 3+ D 3F D 3 D 3F D 3+ D 3 C&G D 3+ F&M D 3+ FM D 3 D 3 D 3F D 3+ D 3 CG D 3F D 3F D 3+ D 3+ FM D 3+ F&M D 3 CG D 3F D 3 F BC bred D 3 CG BC bred D 3+ F&M D 3+ FM MA bred D 3+ D 3+ D 3 D 3F D 3+ D 3+ D 3+ D 3+ CG D 3+ FM D 3+ F&M D 3F D 3+ F&M D 3+ D 2 D 2 CG D 2F D 3+ FM D 3+ D 3+ FM D 3F D 2F D 3F D

Metres 1600 1625 1700 1700 1700 1700 1700 1600 1700 1700 1700 1700 1700 1700 1625 1625 1600 1700 1700 1700 1700 1600 1700 1700 1600 1625 1700 1700 1700 1700 1600 1700 1600 1600 1600 1700 1700 1644 1644 1600 1600 1600 1700 1700 1700 1700 1600 1700

Furlongs Closing 8 8.32 06-Jul-09 8 1/16 04-Jul-09 8 1/16 04-Jul-09 8 1/16 05-Jul-09 8 1/16 11-Jul-09 8 1/16 15-Jul-09 8 11-Jul-09 8 1/16 11-Jul-09 8 1/16 18-Jul-09 8 1/16 22-Jul-09 8 1/16 18-Jul-09 8 1/16 18-Jul-09 8 1/16 20-Jul-09 8 & 70y 01-Apr-09 8 & 70y 01-Apr-09 8 18-Jul-09 8 1/16 26-Jul-09 8 1/16 26-Jul-09 8 1/16 23-Jul-09 8 1/16 25-Jul-09 8 24-Jul-09 8 1/16 22-Jul-09 8 1/16 22-Jul-09 8 25-Jul-09 8.32 27-Jul-09 8 1/16 29-Jul-09 8 1/16 27-Jul-09 8 1/16 01-Aug-09 8 1/16 01-Aug-09 8 06-Aug-09 8 1/16 01-Aug-09 8 02-Aug-09 8 12-May-09 8 12-May-09 8 1/16 12-Aug-09 8 1/16 13-Aug-09 8.32 14-Aug-09 8.32 14-Aug-09 8 15-Aug-09 8 8 15-Aug-09 8 1/16 16-Aug-09 8 1/16 20-Aug-09 8 1/16 20-Aug-09 8 1/16 17-Aug-09 8 8 1/16 22-Aug-09

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8f-81/16f (1600m-1700m) DIRT Country USA CAN CAN CAN USA CAN USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA CAN CAN CAN CAN CAN CAN USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA CAN CAN USA USA CAN USA USA USA USA USA CAN CAN USA USA CAN USA USA USA USA USA USA USA CAN USA USA USA USA USA CAN USA USA USA USA JPN USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA

Track Pinnacle Hastings Racecourse Hastings Racecourse Hastings Racecourse Remington Park Assiniboia Downs Pinnacle Pinnacle Belmont Park Fairplex Park Fairplex Park Emerald Downs Emerald Downs Emerald Downs Emerald Downs Northlands Park Northlands Park Northlands Park Northlands Park Northlands Park Northlands Park Hoosier Park Finger Lakes Philadelphia Park Hoosier Park Fairplex Park Emerald Downs Calder Calder Remington Park Remington Park Fairplex Park Hoosier Park Delaware Park Philadelphia Park Thistledown Thistledown Hoosier Park Hoosier Park Hoosier Park Zia Park Northlands Park Northlands Park Pinnacle Pinnacle Northlands Park Belmont Park Belmont Park Pinnacle Delaware Park Pinnacle Northlands Park Northlands Park Remington Park Belmont Park Northlands Park Calder Philadelphia Park Hoosier Park Calder Calder Hoosier Park Mountaineer Hastings Racecourse Pinnacle Beulah Park Belmont Park Belmont Park Pinnacle Hastings Racecourse Hawthorne Hawthorne Mountaineer Aqueduct Tokyo Beulah Park Aqueduct Zia Park Zia Park Zia Park Calder Beulah Park Aqueduct Aqueduct Hawthorne Zia Park Zia Park Aqueduct Aqueduct Hawthorne

Race Name & (Sponsor) Class Mackinac S S Richmond Derby Trial Strawberry Morn Handicap Hong Kong Jockey Club Handicap Governor’s Cup Buffalo Stakes R Frontier H S Farer Belle Lee S Ruffian Handicap Gr 1 E B Johnston S Phil D Shepherd S John & Kitty Fletcher Stakes S Trooper Seven Stakes S Belle Roberts Handicap S Muckleshoot Tribal Classic S Premier’s Futurity S Breeders’ Handicap S Fall Classic Distaff S Beaufort Stakes S Alberta Oaks S Sturgeon River Stakes S The Richmond S S Jack Betta Be Rite Handicap S Smarty Jones Classic S Gus Grissom S S Palomares S Gottstein Futurity Foolish Pleasure Stakes Brave Raj Stakes Oklahoma Classics Distaff S Oklahoma Classics Classic S Las Madrinas H Hoosier Breeders Sophomore S S Blue Hen Stakes Fitz Dixon Cotillion Stakes Gr 2 Juvenile Stakes S John W Galbreath Memorial Stakes S Hoosier Breeders Sophomore S S Indiana Derby Gr 2 Michael G Schaefer Mile S Chaves County S 3-Year-Old Sale Stakes R 3-Year-Old Sale Stakes (Fillies) R MI Sires Stakes - 3yo Colts & Geldings MI Sires Stakes - 4yo+ Colts & Geldings Duchess of York Stakes Champagne Stakes Gr 1 Frizette Stakes Gr 1 MI Sires Stakes - 4yo + Fillies & Mares Dover Stakes MI Sires Stakes - 3yo Fillies Canadian Juvenile Stakes Freedom of the City Stakes Remington Park Oaks Jerome Handicap Gr 2 Harvest Gold Plate Spend a Buck Handicap Gr 3 Cozy Lace S Francis Slocum S S Florida Stallion Stakes - My Dear Girl Division R Florida Stallion Stakes - In Reality Division R Too Much Coffee S S Autumn Leaves Stakes Fantasy Stakes Michigan Juvenile Fillies S Ohio Freshman Stakes R Sleepy Hollow Stakes S Maid of the Mist Stakes S Michigan Futurity S Ascot Graduation Stakes Buck’s Boy Handicap S Illini Princess Handicap S Mountaineer Mile Handicap Nashua Stakes Gr 2 Tokyo Chunichi Sports Hai Musashino Stakes Gr 3 Glacial Princess Stakes R Tempted Stakes Gr 3 Veterans S New Mexico Classic Cup Peppers Pride Championship for F/M S New Mexico Classic Cup Rocky GulchChampionship S Elmer Heubeck Distaff Handicap S Bobbie Bricker Memorial Handicap R Top Flight Handicap Gr 2 Hill ‘n’ Dale Cigar Mile Handicap Gr 1 Pat Whitworth Illinois Debutante Stakes S Zia Park Derby New Mexico Eddy County S Damon Runyon Stakes S East View Stakes S Jim Edgar Illinois Futurity S

Race Date 05-Sep-09 07-Sep-09 07-Sep-09 07-Sep-09 07-Sep-09 11-Sep-09 12-Sep-09 12-Sep-09 12-Sep-09 12-Sep-09 12-Sep-09 13-Sep-09 13-Sep-09 13-Sep-09 13-Sep-09 19-Sep-09 19-Sep-09 19-Sep-09 19-Sep-09 19-Sep-09 19-Sep-09 19-Sep-09 19-Sep-09 19-Sep-09 20-Sep-09 25-Sep-09 26-Sep-09 26-Sep-09 26-Sep-09 26-Sep-09 26-Sep-09 26-Sep-09 03-Oct-09 03-Oct-09 03-Oct-09 03-Oct-09 03-Oct-09 03-Oct-09 03-Oct-09 03-Oct-09 04-Oct-09 09-Oct-09 09-Oct-09 10-Oct-09 10-Oct-09 10-Oct-09 10-Oct-09 10-Oct-09 10-Oct-09 10-Oct-09 10-Oct-09 11-Oct-09 11-Oct-09 11-Oct-09 11-Oct-09 12-Oct-09 17-Oct-09 17-Oct-09 17-Oct-09 17-Oct-09 17-Oct-09 18-Oct-09 20-Oct-09 24-Oct-09 24-Oct-09 24-Oct-09 24-Oct-09 24-Oct-09 24-Oct-09 25-Oct-09 31-Oct-09 31-Oct-09 07-Nov-09 07-Nov-09 07-Nov-09 07-Nov-09 07-Nov-09 07-Nov-09 08-Nov-09 08-Nov-09 14-Nov-09 21-Nov-09 27-Nov-09 28-Nov-09 05-Dec-09 05-Dec-09 06-Dec-09 06-Dec-09 06-Dec-09 12-Dec-09

Value Age Surface $50,000 3 C&G D CAN 50,000 3 D CAN 50,000 3+ FM D CAN 50,000 3F D $150,000 3+ D CAN 50,000 2 D $50,000 3+ D $50,000 3+ F&M D $300,000 3+ FM D $50,000 3+ F&M D $50,000 3+ D $50,000 3 F WA bred D $50,000 3 CG WA bred D $50,000 3+ FM D $50,000 3+ D CAN 50,000 2 D CAN 75,000 3+ D CAN 75,000 3+ F&M D CAN 50,000 3 D CAN 50,000 3F D CAN 50,000 2F D $70,000 3+ F&M D $50,000 3+ FM D $125,000 3+ D $70,000 3+ D $50,000 3F D $75,000 2 D $75,000 2 D $75,000 2F D $70,000 3+ F&M D $400,000 3+ D $75,000 3+ F&M D $70,000 3 D $75,000 2F D $750,000 3F D $75,000 2 D $75,000 2F D $70,000 3F D $500,000 3 D $100,000 3+ D $60,000 3+ F&M D CAN 50,000 3 C&G D CAN 50,000 3F D $50,000 3 C&G D $50,000 4+ C&G D CAN 50,000 3+ F&M D $400,000 2 D $400,000 2F D $50,000 4+ F&M D $75,000 2 D $50,000 3F D CAN 50,000 2 D CAN 50,000 2F D $200,000 3F D $150,000 3 D CAN 50,000 3+ D $100,000 3+ D $75,000 3+ F&M D $70,000 3+ F&M (Reg IN bred) D $400,000 2F D $400,000 2 D $70,000 3+ (Reg IN bred) D $75,000 3+ FM D CAN 100,000 2F D $50,000 2F D $50,000 2 D $100,000 2 (NY bred) D $100,000 2 F (NY bred) D $50,000 2 C&G D CAN 100,000 2 D $100,000 3+ (IL bred) D $100,000 3+ FM (IL bred) D $125,000 3+ D $150,000 2 D $925,000 3+ D $50,000 2F D $100,000 2F D $60,000 3+ D $170,000 3+ F&M D $180,000 3+ D $200,000 3+ FM D $50,000 3+ FM D $150,000 3+ FM D $300,000 3+ D $100,000 2 F (IL bred) D $150,000 3 D $120,000 2 D $65,000 2 D $65,000 2 F (NY bred) D $100,000 2 CG (IL bred) D

Metres 1700 1700 1700 1700 1700 1600 1700 1700 1700 1700 1700 1600 1600 1700 1700 1600 1700 1700 1700 1600 1600 1700 1700 1700 1700 1700 1700 1625 1625 1664 1700 1700 1700 1700 1700 1700 1700 1700 1700 1600 1600 1600 1600 1700 1700 1700 1600 1600 1700 1700 1700 1600 1600 1700 1600 1700 1700 1700 1700 1700 1700 1700 1700 1700 1600 1600 1600 1600 1600 1700 1700 1700 1600 1600 1600 1600 1600 1700 1600 1600 1700 1700 1600 1600 1700 1700 1600 1700 1700 1700

Furlongs Closing 8 1/16 22-Aug-09 8 1/16 26-Aug-09 8 1/16 26-Aug-09 8 1/16 26-Aug-09 8 1/16 29-Aug-09 8 8 1/16 29-Aug-09 8 1/16 29-Aug-09 8 1/16 29-Aug-09 8 1/16 29-Aug-09 8 1/16 29-Aug-09 8 05-Sep-09 8 05-Sep-09 8 1/16 05-Sep-09 8 1/16 05-Sep-09 8 09-Sep-09 8 1/16 09-Sep-09 8 1/16 09-Sep-09 8 1/16 09-Sep-09 8 09-Sep-09 8 09-Sep-09 8 1/16 09-Sep-09 8 1/16 05-Sep-09 8 1/16 01-Jun-09 8 1/16 10-Sep-09 8 1/16 12-Sep-09 8 1/16 8.32 12-Sep-09 8.32 12-Sep-09 8.32 8 1/16 8 1/16 18-Sep-09 8 1/16 23-Sep-09 8 1/16 22-Sep-09 8 1/16 19-Sep-09 8 1/16 22-Sep-09 8 1/16 22-Sep-09 8 1/16 23-Sep-09 8 1/16 24-Sep-09 8 24-Sep-09 8 22-Sep-09 8 29-Sep-09 8 29-Sep-09 8 1/16 26-Sep-09 8 1/16 26-Sep-09 8 1/16 30-Sep-09 8 26-Sep-09 8 26-Sep-09 8 1/16 26-Sep-09 8 1/16 29-Sep-09 8 1/16 26-Sep-09 8 03-Oct-09 8 03-Oct-09 8 1/16 01-Oct-09 8 26-Sep-09 8 1/16 03-Oct-09 8 1/16 03-Oct-09 8 1/16 03-Oct-09 8 1/16 07-Oct-09 8 1/16 15-May-09 8 1/16 15-May-09 8 1/16 08-Oct-09 8 1/16 06-Oct-09 8 1/16 14-Oct-09 8 8 14-Oct-09 8 10-Oct-09 8 10-Oct-09 8 8 1/16 14-Oct-09 8 1/16 21-Oct-09 8 1/16 21-Oct-09 8 26-Oct-09 8 24-Oct-09 8 29-Sep-09 8 28-Oct-09 8 24-Oct-09 8 1/16 27-Oct-09 8 8 26-Oct-09 8 1/16 31-Oct-09 8 1/16 11-Nov-09 8 14-Nov-09 8 14-Nov-09 8 1/16 8 1/16 23-Nov-09 8 23-Nov-09 8 1/16 21-Nov-09 8 1/16 21-Nov-09 8 1/16

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8f-81/16f (1600m-1700m) DIRT Country USA USA USA

Track Remington Park Calder Aqueduct

Race Name & (Sponsor) Springboard Mile Stage Door Betty Handicap Alex M Robb Handicap

Class

Country USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA GB USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA FR USA USA USA USA JPN USA USA USA USA USA USA USA CAN FR USA USA USA USA USA CAN USA USA IRE USA CAN USA FR USA USA CAN USA USA USA USA CAN USA JPN CAN USA USA USA USA CAN USA USA CAN GB GB USA USA USA USA USA USA GB USA USA USA FR USA USA

Track Colonial Downs Lone Star Canterbury Del Mar Canterbury Evangeline Downs Philadelphia Park Del Mar Del Mar Goodwood Saratoga Del Mar Penn National River Downs Mountaineer Mountaineer Louisiana Downs Del Mar Louisiana Downs Monmouth Park Deauville Monmouth Park Saratoga Saratoga River Downs Niigata Canterbury Saratoga Saratoga Louisiana Downs Del Mar Louisiana Downs Louisiana Downs Woodbine Deauville Del Mar Del Mar Del Mar Del Mar Saratoga Woodbine Saratoga Saratoga Leopardstown Delaware Park Woodbine Monmouth Park Longchamp Remington Park River Downs Woodbine Arlington Park Mountaineer Mountaineer Del Mar Woodbine Delaware Park Nakayama Woodbine Belmont Park Louisiana Downs Louisiana Downs Louisiana Downs Woodbine Philadelphia Park Louisiana Downs Woodbine Ascot Ascot Calder Remington Park Calder Arlington Park Hawthorne Hawthorne Newmarket Belmont Park Belmont Park Belmont Park Longchamp Keeneland Keeneland

Race Name & (Sponsor) Kitten’s Joy Stakes Bob Johnson Memorial Princess Elaine Stakes Oceanside Stakes Lady Canterbury Breeders’ Cup Stakes Matron Stakes Alphabet Soup Handicap California Dreamin’ Handicap Osunitas Handicap Sussex (BGC) Lake George Stakes Wickerr Handicap Capital City Horizon Stakes West Virginia House of Delegates Speaker ’s Cup West Virginia Senate President’s S Louisiana Cup Distaff (Walmac Farms) San Clemente Handicap Louisiana Cup Turf Classic Jersey Derby Prix de Rothschild (ex d’Astarte) Oceanport Stakes Fourstardave Handicap De La Rose Stakes Vivacious Handicap Sekiya Kinen John Bullit Stakes New York Stallion Series - Cab Calloway Division New York Stallion Series - Statue of Liber ty Division Sunny’s Halo S La Jolla Handicap Shiskabob S Donnie Wilhite Memorial S Victoriana S Prix Jacques le Marois (Haras de Fresnay-Le-Buffard) Sandy Blue Handicap Solana Beach Handicap Harry F. Brubaker Handicap Del Mar Mile Ballston Spa Handicap Ontario Colleen S P.G. Johnson Stakes With Anticipation Stakes Matron St (Coolmore Fusaichi Pegasus) Kent BC Stakes Vice Regent S Red Bank Stakes Prix du Moulin de Longchamp Ricks Memorial S Budweiser Select Cradle Stakes Halton S Sea O’Erin Summer Finale Stakes Labor Day Stakes Palomar Handicap La Prevoyante S George Rosenberger Stakes Keisei Hai Autumn Handicap Natalma S Noble Damsel Handicap Happy Ticket BC S River Cities Unbridled Hcap Summer S Mrs. Penny Stakes Sunday Silence BC S Woodbine Mile Fillies’ Mile (Meon Valley Stud) Queen Elizabeth II St (Sony) Judy’s Red Shoes Stakes Oklahoma Classics Turf Needles Stakes Illinois Owners Stakes Robert F Carey Memorial Handicap Indian Maid Handicap Sun Chariot St (Kingdom of Bahrain) Kelso Handicap Miss Grillo Stakes Pilgrim Stakes Prix Marcel Boussac (Qatar) Shadwell Turf Mile First Lady S

Class

Gr 3 S

Race Date 13-Dec-09 26-Dec-09 27-Dec-09

Value $200,000 $100,000 $65,000

Race Date 18-Jul-09 18-Jul-09 18-Jul-09 22-Jul-09 25-Jul-09 25-Jul-09 25-Jul-09 26-Jul-09 26-Jul-09 29-Jul-09 31-Jul-09 31-Jul-09 01-Aug-09 01-Aug-09 01-Aug-09 01-Aug-09 01-Aug-09 01-Aug-09 01-Aug-09 02-Aug-09 02-Aug-09 02-Aug-09 02-Aug-09 05-Aug-09 08-Aug-09 09-Aug-09 09-Aug-09 12-Aug-09 13-Aug-09 15-Aug-09 15-Aug-09 15-Aug-09 15-Aug-09 16-Aug-09 16-Aug-09 21-Aug-09 23-Aug-09 26-Aug-09 29-Aug-09 29-Aug-09 30-Aug-09 02-Sep-09 04-Sep-09 05-Sep-09 05-Sep-09 06-Sep-09 06-Sep-09 06-Sep-09 07-Sep-09 07-Sep-09 07-Sep-09 07-Sep-09 07-Sep-09 07-Sep-09 09-Sep-09 12-Sep-09 12-Sep-09 13-Sep-09 19-Sep-09 19-Sep-09 19-Sep-09 19-Sep-09 19-Sep-09 19-Sep-09 19-Sep-09 19-Sep-09 20-Sep-09 26-Sep-09 26-Sep-09 26-Sep-09 26-Sep-09 26-Sep-09 27-Sep-09 03-Oct-09 03-Oct-09 03-Oct-09 04-Oct-09 04-Oct-09 04-Oct-09 04-Oct-09 10-Oct-09 10-Oct-09

Value $50,000 $50,000 $50,000 $100,000 $50K (BC)/$50K $50,000 $75,000 $100,000 $85,000 £300,000 $150,000 $85,000 $75,000 $55,000 $85,000 $85,000 $100,000 $150,000 $100,000 $100,000 €250,000 $200,000 $150,000 $80,000 $50,000 $960,000 $50,000 $150,000 $150,000 $50,000 $150,000 $50,000 $50,000 CAN125,000 €600,000 $85,000 $100,000 $85,000 $300,000 $200,000 CAN150,000 $80,000 $100,000 €225,000 $50K (BC)/$200K CAN125,000 $150K / $25K (BC) €400,000 $50,000 $200,000 CAN125,000 $100,000 $75,000 $75,000 $200,000 CAN125,000 $75,000 $960,000 CAN150,000 $100,000 $75K / $25K (BC) $75,000 $75,000 CAN300,000 $100,000 $100K / $50K (BC) CAN1,000,000 £200,000 £250,000 $75,000 $70,000 $75,000 $100,000 $150,000 $100,000 £200,000 $250,000 $150,000 $150,000 €300,000 $600,000 $400,000

Age 2 3+ FM 3+

Surface D D D

Metres 1600 1700 1700

Furlongs 8 8 1/16 8 1/16

Closing 04-Dec-09 12-Dec-09 12-Dec-09

8f-81/16f (1600m-1700m) TURF

76 TRAINERMAGAZINE.com ISSUE 13

S R S S S R Gp 1 Gr 2 R S S Gr 2 S Gp 1 Gr 3 Gr 2 S Gr 3 R R Gr 2 R Gp 1 S R Gr 2 Gr 2 Gr 3 Gp 1 Gr 3 R Gr 3 Gp 1 R

Gr 2 R R Gr 3 Gr 3 Gr 3

Gr 3 S Gr 1 Gp 1 Gp 1 S R Gr 3 Gp 1 Gr 2 Gr 3 Gr 3 Gp 1 Gr 1 Gr 1

Age 3+ 3+ 3+ FM 3 3+ FM 3+ F&M 3+ 3+ 3+ F&M 3+ 3F 3+ 3 3 3+ 3+ FM 3+ F&M 3F 3+ 3 3+ F&M 3+ 3+ 4+ FM 3+ FM 3+ 3+ 3 3F 2 3 3+ 2F 3+ F&M 3+ F&M 3F 3+ F&M 3+ 3+ 3+ FM 3F 2F 2 3+ F&M 3 3 3+ 3 + CF 3+ F&M 2 3+ 3+ 3+ FM 3+ 3+ F&M 3F 3+ FM 3+ 2F 3+ FM 2F 3+ F&M 3+ 2 3+ FM 2 3+ 2F 3+ 3F 3+ 3 3+ FM 3+ 3+ FM 3+ F&M 3+ 2F 2 2F 3+ 3+ F&M

Surface T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T

Metres 1700 1600 1700 1600 1600 1600 1700 1700 1700 1600 1700 1600 1600 1700 1625 1625 1700 1600 1700 1700 1600 1700 1700 1600 1700 1600 1700 1700 1700 1600 1700 1600 1600 1700 1600 1600 1600 1700 1600 1700 1600 1600 1600 1600 1700 1600 1600 1600 1600 1700 1600 1600 1625 1625 1700 1600 1700 1600 1600 1600 1700 1700 1700 1600 1700 1700 1600 1600 1600 1700 1600 1700 1700 1600 1700 1600 1600 1700 1700 1600 1600 1600

Furlongs Closing 8 1/16 06-Jul-09 8 09-Jul-09 8 1/16 09-Jul-09 8 16-Jul-09 8 11-Jul-09 8 16-Jul-09 8 1/16 11-Jul-09 8 1/16 16-Jul-09 8 1/16 16-Jul-09 8 26-May-09 8 1/16 18-Jul-09 8 25-Jul-09 8 22-Jul-09 8 1/16 21-Jul-09 8.32 20-Jul-09 8.32 20-Jul-09 8 1/16 18-Jul-09 8 23-Jul-09 8 1/16 18-Jul-09 8 1/16 26-Jul-09 8 15-Jul-09 8 1/16 19-Jul-09 8 1/16 18-Jul-09 8 30-Jul-09 8 1/16 28-Jul-09 8 23-Jun-09 8 1/16 30-Jul-09 8 1/16 8 1/16 8 01-Aug-09 8 1/16 06-Aug-09 8 01-Aug-09 8 01-Aug-09 8 1/16 29-Jul-09 8 29-Jul-09 8 13-Aug-09 8 13-Aug-09 8 1/16 20-Aug-09 8 20-Aug-09 8 1/16 15-Aug-09 8 12-Aug-09 8 26-Aug-09 8 22-Aug-09 8 01-Jul-09 8 1/16 25-Aug-09 8 19-Aug-09 8 23-Aug-09 8 19-Aug-09 8 29-Aug-09 8 1/16 12-Jun-09 8 19-Aug-09 8 26-Aug-09 8.32 24-Aug-09 8.32 24-Aug-09 8 1/16 03-Sep-09 8 26-Aug-09 8 1/16 01-Sep-09 8 04-Aug-09 8 02-Sep-09 8 05-Sep-09 8 1/16 05-Sep-09 8 1/16 05-Sep-09 8 1/16 05-Sep-09 8 02-Sep-09 8 1/16 01-Jun-09 8 1/16 05-Sep-09 8 02-Sep-09 8 21-Jul-09 8 21-Jul-09 8 1/16 12-Sep-09 8 8 1/16 12-Sep-09 8 1/16 16-Sep-09 8 23-Sep-09 8 1/16 23-Sep-09 8 28-Jul-09 8 19-Sep-09 8 1/16 19-Sep-09 8 1/16 19-Sep-09 8 26-Aug-09 8 30-Sep-09 8 30-Sep-09

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8f-81/16f (1600m-1700m) TURF Country USA ITY ITY USA USA USA CAN USA USA JPN USA USA CAN GB FR USA USA USA USA USA USA USA JPN USA

Track Remington Park Milan Milan Keeneland Belmont Park Belmont Park Woodbine Keeneland Keeneland Tokyo Retama Park Retama Park Woodbine Doncaster Saint-Cloud Oak Tree at Santa Anita Oak Tree at Santa Anita Oak Tree at Santa Anita Calder Calder Aqueduct Aqueduct Kyoto Calder

Race Name & (Sponsor) Remington Green S Premio Vittorio di Capua Gran Criterium Bourbon S Pebbles Stakes Athenia Handicap Cup and Saucer S Bryan Station Pin Oak Valley View Saudi Arabia Royal Cup Fuji Stakes Skyy El Joven Stakes M2 Technology La Senorita Stakes Bunty Lawless S Trophy (Racing Post) Criterium International BC Juvenile Fillies Turf BC Mile BC Juvenile Turf John Franks Juvenile Fillies Turf Arthur I Appleton Juvenile Turf New York Stallion Series - Cormorant Division New York Stallion Series - Perfect Arc Division Mile Championship Tropical Park Oaks

Class

Country USA USA USA USA USA CAN CAN USA USA USA CAN USA

Track Hollywood Park Arlington Park Arlington Park Arlington Park Turfway Park Woodbine Woodbine Keeneland Keeneland Oak Tree at Santa Anita Woodbine Turfway Park

Race Name & (Sponsor) Swaps BC Stakes Arlington BC Oaks Washington Park Handicap Washington Park H Kentucky Cup Classic Ontario Derby Durham Cup S Juddmonte Spinster S Fayette S BC Ladies Classic Coronation Futurity Prairie Bayou Stakes

Class Gr 2 Gr 3 Gr 3 Gr 3 Gr 2

Country USA USA USA USA USA USA CAN CAN CAN USA USA USA USA JPN USA USA USA USA USA USA CAN CAN USA CAN CAN USA JPN CAN CAN USA CAN CAN USA USA USA USA USA USA CAN USA USA USA USA USA USA USA

Track River Downs Emerald Downs Saratoga Mountaineer Monmouth Park Saratoga Hastings Racecourse Hastings Racecourse Assiniboia Downs Saratoga Emerald Downs Emerald Downs Monmouth Park Niigata Saratoga Thistledown Saratoga Saratoga Emerald Downs Philadelphia Park Hastings Racecourse Assiniboia Downs Delaware Park Assiniboia Downs Assiniboia Downs Louisiana Downs Niigata Hastings Racecourse Hastings Racecourse Fairplex Park Hastings Racecourse Hastings Racecourse Fairplex Park Belmont Park Thistledown Mountaineer Remington Park Philadelphia Park Hastings Racecourse Belmont Park Aqueduct Aqueduct Calder Beulah Park Aqueduct Hawthorne

Race Name & (Sponsor) Queen City Oaks Mt Rainier Handicap Jim Dandy Stakes West Virginia Derby Haskell Invitational (INV) Go For Wand Handicap British Columbia Cup Distaff Handicap British Columbia Cup Classic Handicap Manitoba Lotteries Derby Whitney Handicap Washington Oaks Emerald Breeders’ Cup Distaff Philip H. Iselin BC Stakes Leopard Stakes Albany Stakes Rose DeBartolo Memorial Stakes Saratoga Dew Stakes Woodward Stakes Emerald Downs Derby Pennsylvania Derby SW Randall Plate Handicap Matron Breeders’ Cup Stakes DTHA Governors Day Stakes Gold Breeders’ Cup Stakes J.W. Sifton Stakes Super Derby Elm Stakes British Columbia Breeders’ Cup Oaks Delta Colleen Handicap Pomona Derby Sir Winston Churchill Handicap British Columbia Derby Ralph M Hinds S Beldame Stakes Best of Ohio Distaff Handicap Fall Stakes Oklahoma Derby Docent Handicap Ballerina Breeders’ Cup Stakes Empire Classic Handicap Turnback the Alarm Stuyvesant Handicap Carl G Rose Classic Ruff/Kirchberg Memorial Stakes Discovery Handicap Bill Hartack Memorial Handicap

Class S

Gp 1 Gp 1 Gr 3 Gr 3 R Gr 3 Gr 3 Gr 3 R Gp 1 Gp 1 Gr 1 Gr 2 S S R R Gr 1

Gr 3 Gr 1 Gr 2 Gr 1 R S

Gr 2 Gr 2 Gr 1 Gr 1 S S Gr 1 Gr 3 S S S Gr 1 Gr 2 R R Gr 2 Gr 3

Gr 3 Gr 1 S S S Gr 3 Gr 3 S R Gr 3

Race Date 11-Oct-09 11-Oct-09 11-Oct-09 11-Oct-09 12-Oct-09 17-Oct-09 18-Oct-09 18-Oct-09 23-Oct-09 24-Oct-09 24-Oct-09 24-Oct-09 24-Oct-09 24-Oct-09 01-Nov-09 06-Nov-09 07-Nov-09 07-Nov-09 14-Nov-09 14-Nov-09 15-Nov-09 15-Nov-09 22-Nov-09 02-Jan-10

Value $150,000 €297,000 €297,000 $125,000 $100,000 $100,000 CAN250,000 $125,000 $150,000 $960,000 $100,000 $100,000 CAN125,000 £200,000 €250,000 $1,000,000 $2,000,000 $1,000,000 $100,000 $100,000 $75,000 $75,000 $2,360,000 $100,000

Race Date 18-Jul-09 18-Jul-09 05-Sep-09 05-Sep-09 26-Sep-09 27-Sep-09 04-Oct-09 11-Oct-09 31-Oct-09 06-Nov-09 08-Nov-09 12-Dec-09

Value $250K / $50K $100K/$50K $300,000 $300,000 $350,000 CAN150,000 CAN150,000 $500,000 $150,000 $2,000,000 CAN250,000 $50,000

Race Date Value 18-Jul-09 $100,000 26-Jul-09 $50,000 01-Aug-09 $500,000 01-Aug-09 $750,000 02-Aug-09 $1,000,000 02-Aug-09 $300,000 03-Aug-09 CAN 50,000 03-Aug-09 CAN 100,000 03-Aug-09 CAN 75,000 08-Aug-09 $750,000 15-Aug-09 $100,000 16-Aug-09 $25K (BC)/$75K 22-Aug-09 $225K / $75K (BC) 23-Aug-09 $1,060,000 26-Aug-09 $150,000 29-Aug-09 $75,000 31-Aug-09 $80,000 05-Sep-09 $500,000 07-Sep-09 $75,000 07-Sep-09 $1,000,000 07-Sep-09 CAN 50,000 11-Sep-09 50 K / 25 K (BC) 12-Sep-09 $75,000 12-Sep-09 50 K / 25 K (BC) 12-Sep-09 CAN 50,000 19-Sep-09 $750,000 21-Sep-09 $925,000 26-Sep-09 $25K (BC)/ CAN 100K 26-Sep-09 CAN 100,000 26-Sep-09 $75,000 27-Sep-09 CAN 50,000 27-Sep-09 CAN 300,000 27-Sep-09 $125,000 03-Oct-09 $600,000 03-Oct-09 $100,000 06-Oct-09 $75,000 11-Oct-09 $400,000 17-Oct-09 $75,000 17-Oct-09 $25K (BC)/ CAN 100K 24-Oct-09 $250,000 31-Oct-09 $100,000 14-Nov-09 $100,000 14-Nov-09 $200,000 14-Nov-09 $50,000 21-Nov-09 $100,000 21-Nov-09 $200,000

Age 3+ 3+ 2 C&F 2 3F 3+ FM 2 3 3F 3+ 2 CG 2F 3+ 2 C&F 2 CF 2F 3+ 2 2F 2 3+ 3+ FM 3+ 3F

Surface T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T

Metres 1700 1600 1600 1700 1600 1700 1700 1600 1700 1600 1600 1600 1600 1600 1600 1600 1600 1600 1700 1700 1700 1700 1600 1700

Furlongs 8 1/16 8 8 8 1/16 8 8 1/16 8 1/16 8 8 1/16 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 1/16 8 1/16 8 1/16 8 1/16 8 8 1/16

Closing 02-Oct-09 10-Sep-09 10-Sep-09 30-Sep-09 26-Sep-09 03-Oct-09 01-Aug-09 07-Oct-09 14-Oct-09 15-Sep-09 19-Jun-09 19-Jun-09 07-Oct-09 11-Aug-09 14-Oct-09 26-Oct-09 26-Oct-09 26-Oct-09 31-Oct-09 31-Oct-09 13-Oct-09 19-Dec-09

9f-91/16f (1800m-1900m) AWT Age 3 3F 3+ 3+ 3+ 3 3+ 3+ F&M 3+ 3+ F&M 2 3+

Surface AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT AWT

Metres 1800 1800 1900 1900 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800

Furlongs 9 9 9 1/16 9 1/16 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9

Closing 08-Jul-09 08-Jul-09 26-Aug-09 26-Aug-09 16-Sep-09 09-Sep-09 16-Sep-09 30-Sep-09 21-Oct-09 26-Oct-09 01-Aug-09 02-Dec-09

9f-91/16f (1800m-1900m) DIRT

Age Surface 3F D 3+ D 3 D 3 D 3 D 3+ FM D 3+ FM D 3+ D 3 D 3+ D 3F D 3+ FM D 3+ D 3+ D 3 (NY bred) D 3+ FM D 3+ FM (NY bred) D 3+ D 3 D 3 D 3+ D 3+ FM D 3+ D 3+ D 3 C&G D 3 D 3+ D 3F D 3+ FM D 3 D 3+ D 3 D 3+ D 3+ FM D 3+ FM D 3+ D 3 D 3+ D 3+ FM D 3+ (NY bred) D 3+ FM D 3+ D 3+ D 3+ D 3 D 3+ D

Metres 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800

Furlongs 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9

Closing 07-Jul-09 18-Jul-09 18-Jul-09 20-Jul-09

18-Jul-09 22-Jul-09 22-Jul-09 24-Jul-09 25-Jul-09 08-Aug-09 02-Aug-09 08-Aug-09 07-Jul-09 15-Aug-09 20-Aug-09 22-Aug-09 22-Aug-09 29-Aug-09 18-Aug-09 26-Aug-09 01-Sep-09 01-Sep-09 01-Sep-09 01-Aug-09 04-Aug-09 16-Sep-09 16-Sep-09 19-Sep-09 16-Sep-09 16-Sep-09 19-Sep-09 22-Sep-09 22-Sep-09 02-Oct-09 03-Oct-09 07-Oct-09 10-Oct-09 17-Oct-09 31-Oct-09 31-Oct-09 04-Nov-09 07-Nov-09 11-Nov-09

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9f-91/16f (1800m-1900m) DIRT Country USA USA USA USA JPN USA USA

Track Aqueduct Aqueduct Aqueduct Zia Park Hanshin Aqueduct Calder

Race Name & (Sponsor) Remsen Stakes Demoiselle Stakes Gazelle Zia Park Distance Championship Japan Cup Dirt Queens County Handicap Fred W Hooper Handicap

Class Gr 2 Gr 2 Gr 1

Race Date 28-Nov-09 28-Nov-09 28-Nov-09 06-Dec-09 06-Dec-09 12-Dec-09 26-Dec-09

Value $200,000 $200,000 $300,000 $200,000 $3,080,000 $100,000 $100,000

Country USA USA USA GB USA USA USA USA USA JPN USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA USA JPN USA CAN CAN USA USA JPN USA USA USA USA JPN USA USA USA JPN USA USA

Track Colonial Downs Del Mar Saratoga Goodwood Monmouth Park Arlington Park Saratoga Saratoga Del Mar Sapporo Saratoga Del Mar Saratoga Saratoga Saratoga Del Mar Arlington Park Remington Park Belmont Park Belmont Park Philadelphia Park Hanshin Belmont Park Woodbine Woodbine Hawthorne Belmont Park Tokyo Keeneland Calder Calder Belmont Park Tokyo Belmont Park Belmont Park Calder Hanshin Calder Calder

Race Name & (Sponsor) Virginia Oaks Eddie Read Handicap Diana Stakes Nassau (Blue Square) Taylor Made Matchmaker Beverly D. National Museum Racing Hall of Fame Stakes West Point Handicap John C. Mabee Handicap Hokkaido Shimbun Hai Queen Stakes Lake Placid Stakes Del Mar Oaks Yaddo Handicap Bernard Baruch Handicap Saranac Stakes Del Mar Derby Pucker Up Stakes Edward J DeBartolo Memorial BC Garden City Stakes Ashley T Cole Handicap PTHA President’s Cup Kansai Telecasting Corp Sho Rose Stakes John Hettinger Canadian S Carotene S Hawthorne Derby Jamaica Handicap Mainichi Okan Queen Elizabeth II Challenge Cup S (by invitation only) Calder Oaks Calder Derby Knickerbocker Handicap Fuchu Himba Stakes Ticonderoga Handicap Mohawk Stakes Bonnie Heath Turf Cup Naruo Kinen Tropical Turf Handicap My Charmer Handicap

Class Gr 3 Gr 1 Gr 1 Gp 1 Gr 3 Gr 1 Gr 2 S Gr 1 Gr 3 Gr 2 Gr 1 S Gr 2 Gr 3 Gr 2 Gr 3

Race Date 18-Jul-09 25-Jul-09 01-Aug-09 01-Aug-09 02-Aug-09 08-Aug-09 14-Aug-09 16-Aug-09 16-Aug-09 16-Aug-09 21-Aug-09 22-Aug-09 23-Aug-09 28-Aug-09 06-Sep-09 06-Sep-09 07-Sep-09 07-Sep-09 12-Sep-09 13-Sep-09 19-Sep-09 20-Sep-09 20-Sep-09 20-Sep-09 04-Oct-09 10-Oct-09 10-Oct-09 11-Oct-09 17-Oct-09 17-Oct-09 17-Oct-09 18-Oct-09 18-Oct-09 24-Oct-09 24-Oct-09 14-Nov-09 05-Dec-09 05-Dec-09 05-Dec-09

Value $150,000 $350,000 $500,000 £200,000 $200,000 $750,000 $150,000 $100,000 $350,000 $920,000 $150,000 $350,000 $100,000 $200,000 $100,000 $350,000 $200,000 $100 K/$50 K $300,000 $100,000 $250,000 $1,230,000 $100,000 CAN300,000 CAN150,000 $250,000 $300,000 $1,530,000 $500,000 $100,000 $150,000 $100,000 $925,000 $150,000 $150,000 $150,000 $960,000 $100,000 $100,000

Country USA CAN USA

Track Del Mar Woodbine Oak Tree at Santa Anita

Race Name & (Sponsor) Pacific Classic Maple Leaf S BC Classic

Class Gr 1 Gr 1

Race Date 06-Sep-09 07-Nov-09 07-Nov-09

Value $1,000,000 CAN175,000 $5,000,000

Country USA USA USA USA USA USA USA JPN USA USA

Track Delaware Park Belmont Park Saratoga Saratoga Saratoga Thistledown Thistledown Hanshin Belmont Park Hawthorne

Race Name & (Sponsor) Delaware Handicap Coaching Club American Oaks Alabama Stakes Shadwell Travers Stakes Personal Ensign Stakes Governor’s Buckeye Cup Best of Ohio Endurance Handicap Sirius Stakes Jockey Club Gold Cup Invitational Stakes Hawthorne Gold Cup Handicap

Class Gr 2 Gr 1 Gr 1 Gr 1 Gr 1 S S Gr 3 Gr 1 Gr 2

Race Date 19-Jul-09 25-Jul-09 22-Aug-09 29-Aug-09 30-Aug-09 05-Sep-09 03-Oct-09 03-Oct-09 03-Oct-09 03-Oct-09

Value $1,000,000 $300,000 $600,000 $1,000,000 $400,000 $75,000 $100,000 $925,000 $750,000 $500,000

Country USA CAN JPN CAN GER JPN USA GB FR JPN JPN IRE JPN USA FR CAN GB JPN ITY

Track Colonial Downs Woodbine Sapporo Woodbine Munich Kokura Arlington Park York Deauville Sapporo Niigata Leopardstown Hanshin Belmont Park Longchamp Woodbine Newmarket Kyoto Rome

Race Name & (Sponsor) Virginia Derby Wonder Where S Hakodate Kinen Nijinsky Stakes Presented by Chinese Cultural Centre Grosser Dallmayr-Preis-Bayerisches Zuchtrennen Kokura Kinen Arlington Million XXVII International St (Juddmonte) Prix Jean Romanet (Darley) Sapporo Kinen Niigata Kinen Irish Champion St (Tattersalls Millions) Asahi Challenge Cup Flower Bowl Invitational Stakes Prix de l’Opera (Qatar) E P Taylor S Champion (Emirates Airline) Shuka Sho Premio Lydia Tesio

Class Gr 2 R Gr 3 Gr 2 Gp 1 Gr 3 Gr 1 Gp 1 Gp 1 Gr 2 Gr 3 Gp 1 Gr 3 Gr 1 Gp 1 Gr 1 Gp 1 Gr 1 Gp 1

Race Date 18-Jul-09 25-Jul-09 26-Jul-09 26-Jul-09 26-Jul-09 02-Aug-09 08-Aug-09 18-Aug-09 23-Aug-09 23-Aug-09 30-Aug-09 05-Sep-09 12-Sep-09 03-Oct-09 04-Oct-09 17-Oct-09 17-Oct-09 18-Oct-09 25-Oct-09

Value $750,000 CAN250,000 $1,000,000 CAN300,000 €155,000 $1,000,000 $1,000,000 £600,000 €250,000 $1,660,000 $1,000,000 €1,000,000 $960,000 $600,000 €250,000 CAN1,000,000 £400,000 $2,100,000 €297,000

Gr 1 Gr 3 Gr 3

Gr 1 S Gr 2 Gr 2 R Gr 3 Gr 1 Gr 2 Gr 1 Gr 3 Gr 3 Gr 3 S S S Gr 3 Gr 3 Gr 3

Age 2 2F 3F 3+ 3+ 3+ 3+

Surface D D D D D D D

Metres 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1900 1800

Furlongs 9 9 9 9 9 9 1/16 9

Closing 14-Nov-09 14-Nov-09 14-Nov-09 23-Nov-09 13-Oct-09 28-Nov-09 12-Dec-09

Age Surface 3F T 3+ T 3+ FM T 3+ F&M T 3+ FM T 3+ FM T 3 T 3+ (NY bred) T 3+ F&M T 3+ FM T 3F T 3F T 3+ FM (NY bred) T 3+ T 3 T 3 T 3F T 3+ T 3F T 3+ (NY bred) T 3+ T 3F T 3+ FM T 3+ F&M T 3F T 3 T 3 T 3+ T 3F T 3F T 3 T 3+ T 3+ FM T 3+ FM (NY bred) T 3+ (NY bred) T 3+ T 3+ T 3+ T 3+ FM T

Metres 1800 1800 1800 1900 1800 1900 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1900 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800

Furlongs Closing 9 27-May-09 9 16-Jul-09 9 18-Jul-09 9 07-Jul-09 9 19-Jul-09 9 1/16 17-Apr-09 9 30-Jul-09 9 01-Aug-09 9 06-Aug-09 9 07-Jul-09 9 08-Aug-09 9 13-Aug-09 9 08-Aug-09 9 15-Aug-09 9 1/16 22-Aug-09 9 27-Aug-09 9 26-Aug-09 9 29-Aug-09 9 29-Aug-09 9 29-Aug-09 9 05-Sep-09 9 04-Aug-09 9 05-Sep-09 9 02-Sep-09 9 16-Sep-09 9 30-Sep-09 9 26-Sep-09 9 01-Sep-09 9 9 03-Oct-09 9 03-Oct-09 9 03-Oct-09 9 01-Sep-09 9 10-Oct-09 9 10-Oct-09 9 31-Oct-09 9 27-Oct-09 9 21-Nov-09 9 21-Nov-09

9f-91/16f (1800m-1900m) TURF

10f-101/16f (2000m-2100m) AWT Age 3+ 3+ F&M 3+

Surface AWT AWT AWT

Metres 2000 2000 2000

Furlongs 10 10 10

Csing 27-Aug-09 21-Oct-09 26-Oct-09

10f-101/16f (2000m-2100m) DIRT

78 TRAINERMAGAZINE.com ISSUE 13

Age 3+ FM 3F 3F 3 3+ FM 3+ 3+ 3+ 3+ 3+

Surface D D D D D D D D D D

Metres 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000

Furlongs 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10

Age 3 3F 3+ 3+ 3+ 3+ 3+ 3+ 4+ F&M 3+ 3+ 3+ 3+ 3+ FM 3+ F&M 3+ F&M 3+ 3F 3+ F&M

Surface T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T

Metres 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000

Furlongs Closing 10 27-May-09 10 08-Jul-09 10 09-Jun-09 10 08-Jul-09 10 26-May-09 10 23-Jun-09 10 17-Apr-09 10 23-Jun-09 10 05-Aug-09 10 07-Jul-09 10 21-Jul-09 10 01-Apr-09 10 04-Aug-09 10 10 26-Aug-09 10 30-Sep-09 10 04-Aug-09 10 01-Sep-09 10 24-Sep-09

10f-101/16f

Closing 05-Jul-09 11-Jul-09 08-Aug-09 15-Aug-09 15-Aug-09 27-Aug-09 22-Sep-09 18-Aug-09 23-Sep-09

(2000m-2100m) TURF

US STAKES SCHEDULES ISSUE 13.qxd:Jerkins feature.qxd

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STAKES SCHEDULES

10f-101/16f (2000m-2100m) TURF Country JPN ITY FR JPN JPN JPN

Track Tokyo Rome Saint-Cloud Fukushima Chukyo Chukyo

Race Name & (Sponsor) Tenno Sho (Autumn) Premio Roma Criterium de Saint-Cloud Fukushima Kinen Chunichi Shimbun Hai Aichi Hai

Class Gr 1 Gp 1 Gp 1 Gr 3 Gr 3 Gr 3

Race Date 01-Nov-09 08-Nov-09 14-Nov-09 21-Nov-09 12-Dec-09 19-Dec-09

Value $3,120,000 4297,000 €250,000 $960,000 $960,000 $925,000

Country CAN

Track Northlands Park

Race Name & (Sponsor) Speed to Spare Stakes

Class

Race Date 06-Sep-09

Value CAN 75,000

Age 3+ 3+ 2 CF 3+ 3+ 3+ FM

Surface T T T T T T

Metres 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000

Furlongs 10 10 10 10 10 10

Closing 15-Sep-09 08-Oct-09 28-Oct-09 13-Oct-09 27-Oct-09 10-Nov-09

11f-111/16f (2200m-2300m) DIRT Age 3+

Surface D

Metres 2200

Furlongs 11

Closing 27-Aug-09

11f-111/16f (2200m-2300m) TURF Country USA GER CAN USA USA USA USA JPN USA USA JPN

Track Delaware Park Dusseldorf Woodbine Del Mar Del Mar Saratoga Belmont Park Nakayama Oak Tree at Santa Anita Aqueduct Kyoto

Race Name & (Sponsor) Class Robert G Dick BC Stakes Gr 3 Henkel Preis der Diana (Deutsches Stuten-Derby - Ger man Oaks)Gp 1 Sky Classic S Gr 2 CTT & Thoroughbred Owners of Califor nia Handicap Del Mar Handicap Gr 2 Glens Falls Handicap Gr 3 Bowling Green H’cap Gr 2 Sankei Sho All Comers Gr 2 BC Filly & Mare Turf Gr 1 Red Smith Handicap Gr 2 Queen Elizabeth II Commemorative Cup Gr 1

Race Date 18-Jul-09 02-Aug-09 23-Aug-09 28-Aug-09 30-Aug-09 07-Sep-09 11-Sep-09 27-Sep-09 06-Nov-09 07-Nov-09 15-Nov-09

Value $50K (BC)/$150K €400,000 CAN250,000 $85,000 $250,000 $100,000 $150,000 $1,500,000 $2,000,000 $150,000 $2,140,000

Country USA USA

Track Del Mar Turfway Park

Race Name & (Sponsor) Cougar II Handicap Turfway Park Fall Championship

Class

Race Date 05-Aug-09 12-Sep-09

Value $150,000 $100,000

Country USA

Track Philadelphia Park

Race Name & (Sponsor) Greenwood Cup

Class

Race Date 18-Jul-09

Value $50K (BC)/$200K

Country USA GER GB CAN USA USA GER GB GER USA FR CAN GER USA FR JPN CAN ITY USA USA USA JPN JPN USA JPN

Track Hollywood Park Dusseldorf Ascot Woodbine Saratoga Saratoga Koln York Baden-Baden Arlington Park Longchamp Woodbine Koln Belmont Park Longchamp Kyoto Woodbine Milan Keeneland Aqueduct Oak Tree at Santa Anita Tokyo Tokyo Calder Nakayama

Race Name & (Sponsor) Sunset BC Hcap Deutschland-Preis King George VI and Queen Elizabeth Breeders’ S Waya Stakes Sword Dancer Invitational Stakes Rheinland-Pokal der Sparkasse KolnBonn Yorkshire Oaks (Darley) Grosser Preis von Baden (Mercedes Benz) Stars & Stripes Prix Vermeille (Qatar) Northern Dancer BC Turf Preis von Europa (IVG) Joe Hirsch Turf Classic Invitational Stakes Prix de l’Arc de Triomphe (Qatar) Kyoto Daishoten Pattison Canadian International Gran Premio del Jockey Club e Coppa d’Oro Sycamore Long Island Handicap BC Turf Copa Republica Argentina Japan Cup WL McKnight Handicap Arima Kinen

Class Gr 2 Gp 1 Gp 1 R

Race Date Value 19-Jul-09 $125K / $25K (BC) 19-Jul-09 €155,000 25-Jul-09 £1,000,000 02-Aug-09 CAN500,000 10-Aug-09 $80,000 15-Aug-09 $500,000 16-Aug-09 €155,000 20-Aug-09 £310,000 06-Sep-09 €250,000 07-Sep-09 $125,000 13-Sep-09 €300,000 20-Sep-09 CAN100K (BC)/CAN650K 27-Sep-09 €155,000 03-Oct-09 $600,000 04-Oct-09 €4,000,000 11-Oct-09 $1,530,000 17-Oct-09 CAN2,000,000 18-Oct-09 €297,000 22-Oct-09 $125,000 01-Nov-09 $150,000 07-Nov-09 $3,000,000 08-Nov-09 $1,370,000 29-Nov-09 $5,920,000 26-Dec-09 $150,000 27-Dec-09 $4,260,000

Country USA

Track Aqueduct

Race Name & (Sponsor) Gallant Fox Handicap

Class

Race Date 31-Dec-09

Value $65,000

Country USA

Track Saratoga

Race Name & (Sponsor) John’s Call Stakes

Class

Race Date 07-Aug-09

Value $80,000

Country USA CAN

Track Race Name & (Sponsor) Oak Tree at Santa Anita BC Marathon Woodbine Valedictory S

Class

Race Date 07-Nov-09 06-Dec-09

Value $500,000 CAN150,000

Country IRE GB

Track Curragh Doncaster

Race Name & (Sponsor) St Leger (Irish Field) St Leger (Ladbrokes)

Class Gp 1 Gp 1

Race Date 12-Sep-09 12-Sep-09

Value €275,000 £500,000

Country FR

Track Longchamp

Race Name & (Sponsor) Prix Royal-Oak

Class Gp 1

Race Date 25-Oct-09

Value €250,000

Country FR JPN

Track Longchamp Nakayama

Race Name & (Sponsor) Prix du Cadran (Qatar) Sports Nippon Sho Stayers Stakes

Class Gp 1 Gr 2

Race Date 04-Oct-09 05-Dec-09

Value €250,000 $1,500,000

Gr 3

Age 3+ FM 3F 3+ 3+ F&M 3+ 3+ FM 3+ 3+ 3+ F&M 3+ 3+ FM

Surface T T T T T T T T T T T

Metres 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200 2200

Furlongs 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11

Closing 04-Jul-09 03-Jun-08 05-Aug-09 20-Aug-09 20-Aug-09 22-Aug-09 29-Aug-09 18-Aug-09 26-Oct-09 24-Oct-09 13-Oct-09

12f-121/16f (2400m-2500m) AWT Age 3+ 3+

Surface AWT AWT

Metres 2400 2400

Furlongs 12 12

Closing 30-Jul-09 02-Sep-09

Age 3+

Surface D

Metres 2400

Furlongs 12

Closing 04-Jul-09

12f-121/16f (2400m-2500m) DIRT 12f-121/16f (2400m-2500m) TURF

Gr 1 Gp 1 Gp 1 Gp 1 Gr 3 Gp 1 Gr 1 Gp 1 Gr 1 Gp 1 Gr 2 Gr 1 Gp 1 Gr 3 Gr 3 Gr 1 Gr 2 Gr 1 Gr 2 Gr 1

Age 3+ 3+ 3+ 3 4+ FM 3+ 3+ 3+ F&M 3+ 3+ 3+ F&M 3+ 3+ 3+ 3+ CF 3+ 3+ 3+ 3+ 3+ FM 3+ 3+ 3+ 3+ 3+

Surface T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T

Metres 2400 2400 2400 2400 2400 2400 2400 2400 2400 2400 2400 2400 2400 2400 2400 2400 2400 2400 2400 2400 2400 2500 2400 2400 2500

Furlongs Closing 12 08-Jul-09 12 28-Apr-09 12 09-Jun-09 12 19-Jul-09 12 30-Jul-09 12 12 26-May-09 12 23-Jun-09 12 16-Jun-09 12 26-Aug-09 12 26-Aug-09 12 02-Sep-09 12 07-Jul-09 12 12 06-May-09 12 01-Sep-09 12 30-Sep-09 12 17-Sep-09 12 14-Oct-09 12 17-Oct-09 12 26-Oct-09 12 1/16 29-Sep-09 12 13-Oct-09 12 12-Dec-09 12 1/16 10-Nov-09

Age 3+

Surface D

Metres 2600

Furlongs 13

Closing 12-Dec-09

Age 4+

Surface T

Metres 2600

Furlongs 13

Closing 25-Jul-09

Age 3+ 3+

Surface AWT AWT

Metres 2800 2800

Furlongs 14 14

Closing 26-Oct-09 18-Nov-09

13f-131/16f (2600m-2700m) DIRT 13f-131/16f (2600m-2700m) TURF 14f-141/16f (2800m-2900m) AWT 14f-141/16f (2800m-2900m) TURF Age 3+ 3 C&F

Surface T T

Metres 2800 2920

Furlongs 14 14.6

Closing 01-Apr-09 30-Jun-09

15f-151/16f (3000m-3100m) TURF Age 3+

Surface T

Metres 3100

Furlongs 15.5

Closing 07-Oct-09

16f-20f (3200m-4000m) TURF Age 4+ 3+

Surface T T

Metres 4000 3600

Furlongs 20 18

Closing 26-Aug-09 27-Oct-09

ISSUE 13 TRAINERMAGAZINE.com 79

Kirkpatrick.qxd:Jerkins feature.qxd

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7/7/09

ILL Young Jr. is a nice man – quiet, smart, private to the point of being very shy, honest and practical. On June 9, he shocked the Thoroughbred world with the announcement that he was dispersing almost all of the horses who are owned by Overbrook Farm, which had become one of the major success stories in the U.S. Thoroughbred business over the past quarter century.

“I simply don’t have the passion for the Thoroughbred sport that my father did, despite my respect for the business,” Young explained.

Passion is an essential component to participation in the Thoroughbred business – always has been; always will be. Further, it must be the sort of consuming passion that characterizes new, young love, the sort of passion that allows one to dispense totally with reality, to accept repeated rejection in pursuit of one’s goal, to pursue that goal with a single-mindedness that enables one to totally annihilate any extraneous factors that deter its pursuit.

Bill’s father, W. T. Young Sr., had the passion. It came from a drive that propelled him from an average upbringing to one of the most compelling success stories in history – a story that would cause palpitations in the heart of Horatio Alger.

About halfway through his remarkable life, he bought a piece of property on the south side of Lexington and began to build Overbrook Farm, which has grown from about 435 acres in 1972 to approximately 2,400 acres today. The enormous success that was Overbrook was propelled largely by the achievements of Storm Cat, who a guy with a pencil and not very much imagination can legitimately estimate was worth $25- to $50-million a year to the coffers of the farm from 2002 to 2007, not to mention plenty of green prior to that when he was standing for less.

The elder Mr. Young’s success in the horse business also was the result of retaining a team of good horsemen and loyal advisors, including trainers of the caliber of Wayne Lukas, etc. – and, more importantly, he paid attention to them. He had lunch with his 80 TRAINERMAGAZINE.com ISSUE 13

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THE ARNOLD KIRKPATRICK COLUMN Strike Two

management team, every Tuesday, and I’ve been told those meetings were among Mr. Young’s favorite times in the horse business, even though I’m also told discussions got pretty lively from time to time.

That was alluded to in his acceptance speech at the Thoroughbred Club of America in 1996, when he was the Honored Guest at the club’s annual testimonial dinner held to award a life membership to a person who has made exceptional contributions to the Thoroughbred business. “We became really serious in 1982 when. . .we purchased the racemares Cinegita, Three Troikas and Terlingua to be bred to. . .Storm Bird,” the last named mare producing Storm Cat. They had made that purchase, Mr. Young noted, on the advice of Dr. Bill Lockridge “. . .or maybe he pushed us into it.”

I

T’S also apparent to someone even as dense as I am that Bill Young Jr. also respects numbers, and the economics of the Thoroughbred game don’t make a lot of sense to a businessman, particularly one as smart as he is. At the risk of being simultaneously redundant and contradictory – they never have and never will. Furthermore, 2,400 acres of beautifullymanicured horse farm requires a lot of maintenance expense, not to mention the expense of approximately 200 horses who will be in the dispersal.

If there is any place that I would disagree with the reasoning behind this decision, it would be that during the dispersal announcement it was revealed that their plan is to look to lease the major portion of the farm as a Thoroughbred operation.

Taking off my Thoroughbred hat, briefly, and replacing it with the real estate one, I can only say that finding someone with the substance and desire to lease a horse property of this size and scope will be far more easily said than done. And, if you want to experience frustration, try dealing with a lessee – or, more probably, a number of them

– in the handling of a place in the location and of the prominence that requires the level of maintenance that Overbrook does.

This is supposed to be an opinion column, and the Overbrook dispersal is old news, so why am I going into all this stuff to such an extent? Well, there is a point to all this.

The announcement of the Overbrook dispersal came just barely more than six months after the announcement was made that Stonerside Farm, one of the few other private operations in the business with a scope and a history of success to match that of Overbrook, had been sold to Darley – lock, stock and barrel – from the real estate to the horses and everything in between, including one of the most beautiful farms in the Bluegrass and a magnificent training center adjacent to the historic race track in Saratoga.

The Stonerside sale didn’t hit me quite as hard as Overbrook, because, despite their fabulous success, Stonerside had only been in business about 15 years and, even before Stonerside hit the scene, Darley was buying farmland in Central Kentucky. Now, since gas has been to $4 a gallon and appears to be going there again, I’m not the tiniest bit worred about Darley vis-à-vis dealing with the Thoroughbred economy.

Overbrook, on the other hand, has developed one of the most beautiful farms I’ve ever seen, on 680 acres of the most wonderful land in Central Kentucky and that should be more, far more, than adequate for the development and maintenance of “a small racing stable” which will be run by Chris Young, grandson and son, respectively, of the Messrs. Young. Chris apparently did inherit the passion, along with his aunt, Lucy Young Hamilton, who has been very active in the horse business for years.

In the meanwhile, that leaves about 1,700 acres of prime property for which, like it or not, the highest and best use is residential development.

In my mind, I can hear the developers drooling already. I

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