Anti-cancer activity of Indian Medicinal Plant Cardiospermum halicacabum against Human Lung Carcinoma lung cell line (A549) G. NARESH vgnd18@gmail.com, +917042161416 Abstract Background: Cancer is a deadly disease which is responsible for large number of
Results II. Phenols (765nm)
mortality and morbidity worldwide. Various methods have been used for the treatment of cancer such as radiation, chemotherapy, antibody treatment, and immunotherapy. Rationale: Normal cells have been severely affected due to cytotoxic activity of radiation and chemotherapy and cancers could relapse even after treatment by such methods. Current research is focused towards the discovery of drugs from medicinal plants for the treatment of cancer. They have proved to be less cytotoxic and lethal
3. DPPH Scavenging Assay (517nm) % of Inhibition = (Abs of control – Abs of Test)/Abs of control * 100
to the cells. Strategy: The main motive of the research is to examine different phytochemicals of Cardiospermum halicacabum leaf powder and its anti-cancer activity against A549 lung cancer cell lines. Phytochemicals of C. halicacabum was examined by solvent extraction using hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol. Antioxidant activity of the plant was estimated by DPPH scavenging assay. The anticancer activity was tested by MTT cytotoxicity assay. DNA fragmentation was done to determine the apoptotic activity of the plant extract against cancer cell lines. Results: Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, quinones, terpenoids, phenols, coumarins, sterols and
4. MTT Cell Cytotoxicity Assay (570nm) Viability % = (Test OD/ Control OD) X 100 Cytotoxicity % = 100 – Viability%
phytosteroids in the extracts of C. halicacabum. These chemicals also showed antioxidant properties significantly by DPPH scavenging assay. When the concentration of the extract was increased the percentage of free radical scavenging activity also increased. The result showed a significant cytotoxicity activity by MTT assay. Cytotoxic activity of ethyl acetate extract of C. halicacabum showed significant activity against A549 cell line. IC50 of cancer cells was observed at 540.7µg/ml. Conclusion: The results showed that the plant extract has significant anti-oxidant and anti-cancer activity.
Results 1. Qualitative Analysis of Phytochemicals IC50 = 540.7 µg/ml 5. DNA fragmentation
1st well- DNA ladder 2nd well- Untreated DNA sample 3rd to 8th well- Treated DNA sample (increasing concentration from 100 to 600 µg)
Conclusion 2. Quantitative Analysis of Phytochemicals I. Flavonoids (510nm)
Cytotoxicity was shown higher in ethyl acetate extract and it was concluded that the cytotoxic activity was due to the presence of phytochemicals. However, we could not conclude the reason for the variations in biological effects observed between hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol extract of this plant, since our study was mainly dealt with the anticancer and antioxidant activity. Our results shows that with higher concentration, the plant extracts shows good cytotoxic effect against A549 lung cancer cells.
Acknowledgements I would like to thank Biotecnika to give me a platform to present my internship project completed during summer internship as a part of my curriculum at Amity University. Secondly I would like to acknowledge the guidance and support I got from Amity University and Biozone Research Technologies for completing the project.