11
Main Results
while those that should be funded do not receive sufficient technical and financial support to have a significant impact. Under one interpretation, insufficient funding at the community level could reflect insufficient funding at the global level. Providing more funding globally would then solve this problem. Under an alternative explanation, various bottlenecks are the prime reason that available funding does not reach certain local communities. In this latter case, the remedy is to improve the flow of funds but not to increase funding at the national level. To bring more clarity to the issue, this report analyzes funding flows and focuses on the following four questions: 1. What is the magnitude of the resource flows? Are the flows as small as suggested by some observers of the community response? 2. How are countries managing the inflow of resources for the community response? 3. How deep is the flow of resources, that is, do they reach CBOs? 4. Does the allocation of funding match the needs of local communities? The available information and data sources that are summarized in table 2.2 provide a rough idea of the amount of funding that the four largest HIV and AIDS donors have made available to national CSOs as well as to international CSOs with national programs. Due to various limitations, the existing donor databases do not provide readily available information on the amounts disbursed to national CSOs, nor do they make it possible to trace the flow of funds from the national level to lower levels. To overcome these limitations various proxies were used to estimate the funding available for the community response. Table 2.2 Summary of Donors’ Funding of Civil Society Organizations
Donor World Bank
Global Fund
Proxy for the funding of community responses to AIDS
Period
Share of CSO funding June 2003–December 2010 in MAP projects applied to all Bank projects for HIV&AIDS Expenditures by CSOs 2002–10
PEPFAR (USA) Estimated funding for nonclinical activities reaching national CSOs DFID (UK) Estimated funds to CSO first-line recipients with AIDS as a major project or significant priority Total
Available funding for national AIDS responses Average per year (per year in US$) for CSOs (US$) $262 million
$100 million (indirect funding)
$910 million
$300 million (direct and indirect funding) $230 million (mostly direct funding)
June 2003–December 2010
$2.1 billion
2004/05–2008/09: (5 years)
$590 million
$60 million (mostly direct funding)
Average in 2004–2009
$3.8 billion
At least 690 million
Source: World Bank and Global Fund database, and HIV/AIDS Alliance for DFID and PEPFAR data.