Table 4.1 Mode
Trade in Logistics Services: Examples of Restrictions Market access
Crossborder logistics Maritime: subject to services, including cargo reservation, which consumption abroad requires that a portion of a country’s international cargo be transported on national flag vessels Road: regulatory impediments such as limitations on fleet size, equipment usage, and hours of operation
National treatment
Access and use
Synchronicity
Other
Airlines are subject to Firms are not permitted to Border clearance procedomestic laws and own and operate ground dures, including cusregulations that may transport equipment toms processing and impede their ability to In the European Union, inspection, are the operate at foreign airports; shippers are unable to most frequently limited hours of operation provide uninterrupted reported impediments at customs facilities; precrossborder rail transport to the foreign provision ferred treatment for services between some of logistics services domestic carriers; security- member countries Customs clearance and related rules because passenger transinspection are the most No coordination between portation has priority over time-consuming procustoms and quarantine cargo transport, requiring cedures related to air departments; no autothat firms find alternative and maritime cargo mated procedures for methods of conveying transport items cleared from quargoods to customers Customs laws and antine; no postclearance Laws and regulations in regulations may be process for exports some countries require applied inconsistently No central processing airlines to use third-party at different ports in a facility for government providers for ground han- country agencies dling services or prevent airlines from offering such services to other airlines (continued)
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