The Review, December 2015, Vol. 13, Issue 12 by Gloria Loughry

DECEMBER 2015 • VOL 13, ISSUE 12 THANKS TO OUR ADVERTISERS, IT’S STILL…

NORTHWEST

The Best of the Pacific Northwest!

FREE!

Merry Christmas to All!

A Brief History of

santa claus AS FOUND IN WIKIPEDIA, THE FREE ENCYCLOPEDIA

anta Claus, Saint Nicholas, Saint Nick, Father Christmas, Kris Kringle, Santy, or simply Santa is a figure with legendary, historical and folkloric origins who, in many Western cultures, is said to bring gifts to the homes of the good children on December 24th, the night before Christmas Day. The modern figure of Santa Claus is derived from the Dutch figure of Sinterklaas, whose name is a dialectal pronunciation of Saint Nicholas, the historical Greek bishop and gift-giver of Myra. During the Christianization of Germanic Europe, this figure may have absorbed elements of the god Odin, who was associated with the Germanic pagan midwinter event of Yule and led the Wild Hunt, a ghostly procession through the sky. Santa Claus is generally depicted as a portly, joyous, whitebearded man—sometimes with spectacles—wearing a red coat with white collar and cuffs, white-cuffed red trousers, and black leather belt and boots and who carries a bag full of gifts for children. Images of him rarely have a beard with no moustache. This image became popular in the United States and Canada in the 19th century due to the significant influence of the 1823 poem “A Visit From St. Nicholas” and of caricaturist and political cartoonist Thomas Nast. This image has been maintained and reinforced through song, radio, television, children’s books and films. Since the 20th century, in an idea popularized by the 1934 song “Santa Claus Is Coming to Town”, Santa Claus has been believed to make a list of children throughout the world, categorizing them according to their behavior (“naughty” or “nice”) and to deliver presents, including toys, and candy to all of the well-behaved children in the world, and sometimes coal to the naughty children, on the single night of Christmas Eve. He accomplishes this feat with the aid of the elves who make the toys in the workshop and the flying reindeer who pull his sleigh.

Predecessor figures Saint Nicholas

Saint Nicholas of Myra was a 4th-century Greek Christian bishop of Myra (now Demre) in Lycia, a province of the Byzantine Empire, now in Turkey. Nicholas was famous for his generous gifts to the poor, in particular presenting the three impoverished daughters of a pious Christian with dowries so that they would not have to become prostitutes. He was very religious from an early age and devoted his life entirely to Christianity. In continental Europe (more precisely the Netherlands, Belgium, Austria and Germany) he is usually portrayed as a bearded bishop in canonical robes. The remains of Saint Nicholas are in Italy. In 1087, the Italian city of Bari mounted an expedition to locate the tomb of the Saint. The reliquary of St. Nicholas was conquered by Italian sailors and his relics were taken to Bari where they are kept to this day. A basilica was constructed the same year to store the loot and the area became a pilgrimage site for the devout. Sailors from Bari collected just half of Nicholas’ skeleton, leaving all the minor fragments in the grave. These were collected by Venetian sailors during the First Crusade and taken to Venice, where a church to St. Nicholas, the patron of sailors, was built on the San Nicolò al Lido. This tradition was confirmed in two important scientific investigations of the relics in Bari and Venice, which revealed that the relics in the two Italian cities belong to the same skeleton. Saint Nicholas was later claimed as a patron saint of many diverse groups, from archers, sailors, and children to pawnbrokers. He is also the patron saint of both Amsterdam and Moscow. During the Middle Ages, often on the evening before his name day of December 6th, children were bestowed gifts in his honour. SANTA—cont’d on page 6

Thomas Nast’s most famous drawing, “Merry Old Santa Claus”, from the January 1, 1881 edition of Harper’s Weekly. Thomas Nast immortalized Santa Claus’ current look with an initial illustration in an 1863 issue of Harper’s Weekly, as part of a large illustration titled “A Christmas Furlough” in which Nast set aside his regular news and political coverage to do a Santa Claus drawing. The popularity of that image prompted him to create another illustration in 1881.

What’s in your water? Water

• Residential Softeners, • Commercial Filters & • Industrial Purifiers Water Testing Available for Determining Filtration Needs 360

696-9287

www.waterandairworks.com

Dog to Par r u ad yo e ise ak

• Cage-free Kennels • Dog-Park atmosphere • A/C in Summer • Heated in Winter • Most breeds accepted • Licensed and very affordable! • Pick up and drop off service available

Come let your dog run with the pack! 4821 Green Mtn. Rd. • Kalama

www.paradise dogranch.com 360

601-3570

Merry Christmas!

Wishing you and yours the many blessings of the season… 1944 Belmont Loop • Woodland, WA reeds-automotive.com

2 • THE REVIEW • DECEMBER 2015

WWW.REVIEWMEDIAGROUP.COM

IN THIS ISSUE

WHAT’S HAPPENING

The Review — December 2015, Vol. 13, Issue 12

p.m., with fellowship at 6:00 p.m. For more information: (360) 694-6914. Tom Taylor, a talented musician and singer, will be the speaker at the Vancouver Aglow meeting to be held on December 7th. His ministry also includes leading others to know the heart of God.

Cover: A Brief History of Santa Claus

Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia and Staff at The Review

3 What’s Happening

Around Town Over the Garden Gate By Cheryl Spaulding

4 Stepping Stones By Pat Stepp

5 Insects: Winter Readings By Nora Garofoli

8 SW Washington History By Karen Johnson

9 At the Theater 10 Religion: Like Jesus, PART THREE By Lori Anderson

12 Birds Galore: My Owl Bucket List By Norma Brunson (photos by Doug Schurman)

WHAT’S HAPPENING The Woodland/Kalama Masonic Lodge #17 Welcomes You! The Woodland/Kalama Masonic Lodge meets on the 1st Tuesdays of the month with a dinner starting at 6:30 p.m. followed by the Lodge meeting at 7:30 p.m. Meeting address is 143 Davidson Ave., Woodland, WA 98674 (upstairs). For more information contact them at 360-200-1799 or check out their Facebook page by searching for “Woodland/Kalama Masonic Lodge 17” Kalama to have Lighted Boat Parade celebrating Christmas! The Dolphin Yacht Club and the Kalama Chamber of Commerce is pleased to announce their First Annual “Holiday Parade of Lighted Boats on the Columbia River”. The event will be held on Saturday, December 12, 2015 from 5:00 p.m. to 10:00 p.m. at the Port of Kalama. It is a public event and all of Clark and Cowlitz counties are invited to come and see the beautiful lighted boats parade by the Port. There will be Christmas carolers, food and drink,, live music, and pictures with Santa available. For more information contact the Port of Kalama at 360-673-2325. Coming Up at the Kalama Library… TEENS: Friends of the Library Kalama are having a Teen afternoon program from 3–5 pm on 2nd and 4th Wednesdays of each month. It will be held at the city hall council chambers 320 N 1st Street in Kalama. Come and join friends, play games and have snacks! BOOK SALE: The Friends of the Library Kalama book sale will be on Friday, December 18th from 9:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. and will be held in the City Hall Council Chambers. Hardbacks will be $1 and paperbacks 50¢ each and there will be many children’s books available. This is the perfect time to add to your winter stash of books! STORY TIME: Come and join Storytime sponsored by Friends of the Library Kalama every Wednesday starting at 11a.m. We’ll have crafts, stories and fun at 320 N 1st Street in Kalama. Come and join fun and games! Volunteer Plantings to Restore Endangered Columbian White-Tailed Deer Habitat What: Habitat restoration at Ridgefield National Wildlife Refuge is heading into its second planting season for the Columbian White-tailed Deer. Volunteers are needed to help plant 5,200 native trees and shrubs and install protective tubing. On event days please wear waterproof footwear, gloves, and appropriate clothing for the weather conditions. Hot drinks and snacks will be provided! Volunteers will be able to access areas of the refuge which are normally closed to the public. Registration is encouraged, but not required. To do so, please contact Aiden Forsi or Lynn Cornelius at the information listed. Training provided, no prior experience is necessary. All ages are welcome. Everyone must sign a volunteer service agreement (available the day of the event or online, see link below); volunteers under 18 years of age must have a parent or guardian signature. Projects are sponsored by the Friends of Ridgefield National Wildlife Refuge and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Where: All work days are from 9:00 am to 12:30 pm. When: Meet at the River S. Unit kiosk of the Ridgefield National Wildlife Refuge off of Hillhurst Avenue, December 2, 5, 9, 16; January 13, 18, 23, 27; February 6, 10, 20, 24; March 2, 5 For more information visit: http://www.fws.gov/refuge/Ridgefield/get_involved/volunteer.html or http://ridgefieldfriends.org/ friends-of-the-refuge/volunteer/ You can also contact the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Please call if you have questions: Service, Ridgefield Phone: (360) 225-1273; web: www.reviewmediagroup.com; e-mail: info@reviewmediagroup.com National Wildlife Refuge, Mailing address: PO Box 244, Woodland, WA 98674 28908 N. Main Avenue, Ridgefield WA, 98642, Deadlines: Please see our deadlines on our website at www.reviewmediagroup.com. Circulation approx. 10,000 throughout Woodland, Kalama, Ridgefield, La Center, Vancouver, and Phone: 360/887-4106. Kelso/Longview). Published monthly on the first of the month with Special Editions each year. Owner, Publisher, Editor: Gloria Loughry; Advertising Sales: Gloria Loughry, Cheryl Spaulding; Columnists/Guest Writers/Invaluable Helpers: Lori Anderson, Norma Brunson, Nora Garofoli, Tony & Cheryl Spaulding, Pat Stepp, Matt Coffey, Karen Johnson, and Guest Contributors; Printed by: The Gresham Outlook

Unsolicited photographs and manuscripts are welcomed, but will only be returned if accompanied by a selfaddressed, stamped envelope. The publisher does not assume and disclaims any liability to any party for any loss or damage caused by error or omission in this publication. Reproduction is not allowed without written permission from the publisher. All material herein is copyrighted and may not be republished or distributed in any form whatsoever without express permission from the Publisher.

AGLOW meeting coming up! Meeting location: Shiloh Fellowship Church, 10709 SE 10th St., Vancouver. Time: 7:00

WWW.REVIEWMEDIAGROUP.COM

TOPS #1129 Meets in Woodland The TOPS #1129 Group meets at 9:00 a.m. on Tuesdays for their weigh-in and meeting at the Woodland Community Center located at 782 Park Street. For more information contact Delores at 360-606-6434. TOPS #1489 Meets in Kalama The Kalama Tops (Take Off Pounds Sensibly) group meets every Tuesday at 9 am for their weigh in and meeting at the Kalama Methodist Church at 111 N 2nd Street. It is a low cost, educational support Group. Any questions call Debbie at 360-673-5183. TOPS #1056 Meets in Vancouver TOPS WA 1056 Vancouver, meets every Wednesday at the Shiloh Fellowship Church located at 10709 SE 10th Street Vancouver, WA 98684. Weigh in begins at 8:15. The meetings are 9:30 to 10:30. Any questions, please contact Barbara Smith at 360-9014634 or at Barbarassouthern breeze@gmail.com. TOPS #1407 Meets in Longview TOPS #1407 Longview, meets every Wednesday at the Heron Pointe Recreational Center located at 5815 Ocean Beach Hwy., Longview, WA 98632. Weigh-in begins at 9:30 am and the meetings start at 10:00 am. Any questions, please contact Ellen at 360355-4353. SW Washington Gold Prospectors Meet! The SW Washington Gold Prospectors club meets every 2nd Sunday every month at 1:00 p.m. at the Minnehaha Grange Hall at 4905 NE St. Johns Road in Vancouver, WA. For more information contact Steve at 971-212-5996 or go to www.swwgoldprospectors.org or see their Facebook page at www.facebook.com/pages/Swwgp. Volunteers Needed Woodland Mobile Meals is in need of volunteer drivers. Meals are picked up at the America’s Family Diner on Lewis River Drive at 10:45 along with recipients names and addresses. Delivery usually takes a little over an hour. If you are interested in assisting with this outreach to seniors program please call Moze Meeker at 225-6501 or June Jones at Woodland Real Estate 225-8278. Deliveries are in the Woodland, WA, metro area. Host an Exchange Student? ASSE International Student Exchange Programs (ASSE) is seeking local host families for international high school boys and girls. These students are 15 to 18 years of age, and are coming to this area for the upcoming high school year or semester. These personable and academically selected exchange students are conversant in English, bright, curious and anxious to learn about this country through living as part of a family, attending high school and sharing their own culture and language with their newly adopted host family. Those persons interested in obtaining more information about becoming a host family should call toll free: 1-800-733-2773 or go to host.asse.com. There are many students to choose from, so call or go online—and begin the process of selecting your new host son or daughter today! Mall Adoption Events for the Humane Society of Cowlitz County. We are at the Three Rivers Mall in the former Fibre Credit Union space on Friday and Saturday, the 3rd weekend of every month. We will have cats and dogs for adoption. All are micro-chipped and current on shots; all cats, and many of our dogs are already spayed/neutered. For a complete list of all adoptable animals at the Humane Society please direct individuals to www.cowlitzhumane.com or www.petfinder.com.

CLASSIFIEDS ANNOUNCEMENTS ANNOUNCEMENTS

PUBLISHER’S NOTICE ALL REAL ESTATE advertised in this newspaper is subject to the Federal Fair Housing Act of 1978, which makes it illegal to advertise “any preference, limitation or discrimination based on race, sex, or national origin, or an intention to make any such preference, limitation or discrimination”. The Review will not knowingly accept any advertising for real estate which is in violation of the law. All dwellings advertised in this newspaper are available on an equal opportunity basis. To complain of discrimination, call HUD toll free at 1-800-424-8590.

PRAYER WARRIOR will pray for you. Give me a call if you have a need. 360-567-5146.

FOR RENT

Rooms for Rent Downtown Woodland, $470/mo + tax or $175/wk + tax, utilities included. Call 360-772-3518.

LHA PROPERTIES

Woodland, Castle Rock, and Kalama Family & Elderly/ Disabled Units Pay only 30% of your adjusted gross income

360

DECEMBER 2015 • THE REVIEW • 3

225-7781

over the

ecember is a twice-fold month for gardeners. Our Pacific Northwest weather is usually cold and wet. The best place to ride out the winter storms is in the house in front of a crackling fire, with a good book It’s also a very good time to reflect on past successes and failures in the garden. I don’t know about you but I like to try something new By Cheryl Spaulding each year. Sometimes my little experiments in stretching my skills as a gardener work out and sometimes they don’t. I like to keep a notebook or gardener diary, if you will, where I can record those successes and failures. In this way I can look back and try to determine what went wrong. Too much sun, not enough sun; too much water, not enough water; or maybe I find the plant simply won’t grow for me. (Sometimes I think my green thumb has a brown root ball.) Either way, curled up in my big easy chair with a hot cup of tea and four cats to keep me warm and my garden catalogs is a great ways to spend a stormy Pacific Northwest day inside. December is the month to begin planning next spring’s garden. I already know I planted my English peas too late in the season this year which forced me to plant other crops late as well, (failure.) We were building new raised garden beds and the weather seemed so bad. It was easy to tell myself, “maybe the weather will be better tomorrow. I’ll work on it tomorrow.” Hmmm, well, I paid for my slothfulness. On the other hand I finally purchased the Southern Magnolia tree that I have wanted for years. With a goodly amount of well-rotted horse manure to cushion the roots and give it plenty of nutrition, and a regular watering schedule my precious tree is off to a rousing good start. (Success!) Looking back I can honestly say this year I had more successes than failures. I tried new tomato varieties, Brandy wine, Mortgage Lifter and Japanese Black along with my usual Black Krim, Cherokee Purple, Yellow Pear, Sweet One Million, Sweet Sue, and a delightful yellow slicing tomato with oddly shaped fruit that I can’t remember the name of. With exception of the Japanese Black I will grow all the same tomatoes varieties next year. The Japanese Black did not work for me. The plant grew alright and put on a lot of fruit but the fruit was small and we found it did not have a good texture. Also this year I think I finally found just the right place for some hellebores. Despite names such as “Christmas rose” and “Lenten rose,” hellebores are not even closely related to the rose family. Instead they more resemble a member of the lily family. Either way these prolific flowers are usually white, with green-tinged centers that age to pink. You may also find some with strong pink tones in the petals. Most Hellebore species are evergreen, with attractive clumps of leathery, dark green foliage. I hope to enjoy my new addition to my garden throughout the winter and into Spring. But I’m told that in colder winters, where the plants are battered by snow, ice, and wind, the foliage won’t be such an early spring delight. Insects and disease rarely bother with hellebores. Slugs and aphids can be a problem, particularly while the plants are in bloom. Maybe I am a little premature I think I will count this one as a success. Another success we had in the garden this year was growing pumpkins. Last year they definitely were not a success. We lost almost every pumpkin plant to disease; the pumpkins that did survive were very small. But one learns by one’s mistakes. This year we moved the

Successes and Failures in the Garden Gate Garden

Stepping Stones

The singing scripture of George Handel’s “Messiah” calls me.

“Comfort ye my people” saith your God. Speak ye comfortably to Jerusalem, cry unto her that her warfare is accomBY PAT STEPP © Copyright 2015 plished, that her iniquity is pardoned” The voiceof him who crieth in the wilderness. “Prepare ye the way for the Lord, make straight in the desert a highway for our God.” “Every valley shall be exalted, and every mountain made low; the crooked straight and the rough places plain. And the Glory of the Lord shall be reveal’d, and all flesh will see it together, for the mouth of the Lord hath spoken it.” Thus saith the Lord of Hosts: “Yet once in a little while, and I will shake the heav’ns and the earth, the sea and the dry land; and I will shake all nations, I’ll shake, and the desire of all nations shall come.” “The Lord, whom you seek shall suddenly come. His temple, and the messenger of the covenant, whom you delight in: Behold, shall come true, said the Lord of Hosts.” “But who may abide the day of His coming? And who shall stand when He appeareth? For He is like a refiner’s fire. And He shall purify the sons of Levi that they may offer unto the Lord an offering in righteousness.” “Every mountain shall be exalted and every mountain and hill made low, the crooked straight, and the rough places plain.” “Behold a virgin shall conceive and bear a son and shall call his name Emmanuel, God with us.” “O thou who telleth good tidings to Zion, and thee up into the high mountain! Get thee up into the high mountain! Thou that telleth good tidings to Jerusalem, lift your voice with strength! Lift up and be not afraid. Arise, shine, for thy light is come; and the Glory of the Lord, is risen upon thee.” “For behold darkness shall cover the earth, and gross darkness the people, but the Lord shall arise upon thee, and the glory shall be seen upon thee. And the Gentiles shall come to thy light, and kings to the brightness of thy rising.” “The people who walked in darkness have seen a great light, and they that dwell in the land of the shadow of death, upon them have the light shined.” “For unto us a Child is born, unto us a Son is given, and the government shall be upon His shoulder, and His name shall be called Wonderful, Counselor, The mighty God, The everlasting Father, The Prince of Peace.” “There were shepherds abiding in the fields, keeping watch, over their flocks by night, and lo!, the angel of the Lord came upon them, and the glory of the Lord shone round about them, and they were sore afraid.” “And the angel said unto them, “Fear not: for behold I bring you good tidings of great joy, which shall be to all people, For unto you is born this day in the city of David a Savior, which is Christ the Lord.” Peace!

pumpkin patch to another portion of the garden, one with better drainage, covered the ground with black plastic to increase the ground heat and applied more water. For a very a small pumpkin patch, we did pretty darn good, I’d say. Accordingly, what lies in store for my garden next year? What new treasures can I add? I know I’ll have a few successes and a few failures. I always do. But I always figure I never know if something will grow for me if I don’t try. So if my timing is right, the conditions are right and Mother Nature is on my side, my next year’s garden will be a success. If not, well, then I will learn from that also. So grab a stack of your favorite gardening magazines (don’t forget a few catalogs as well). Curl up in your favorite chair with a cat or two (and maybe the dog) to keep you warm. Sip a cup of your favorite hot drink and let Old Man Winter storm away outside while you plan next year’s successful garden.

—Happy Gardening!

4 • THE REVIEW • DECEMBER 2015

WWW.REVIEWMEDIAGROUP.COM

den Insect ar s G

A Sting In The Tale is a great book to put on the winter reading list. It is written by British author Dave Goulson who is a Professor of biological sciences at the University of Sterling. He has been researching Bumblebees and other critters for many years all over o ST K oOvLI the globe. He also founded the OR n ow andGL YA Bumblebee Conservation Trust in 2006. OF R ND A PHOTO S BY NORA He is a very practical guy and has a very nice balanced scientific technique with clear thinking. He also has many funny stories of his adventures mixed in with his research expeditions. He has another book out with further information about his project of renewing a wildflower meadow with the kinds of plants many of these insects need and had evolved with. A Buzz In The Meadow is his other title and includes additional information about his research on his meadow’s continuing changes and other work on Colony Collapse Disorder. He also elaborates on some of the research about the newer pesticides that could be related to that trouble in the insect world. Another author I have grown fond of is Bernd Heinrich. I have two of his books so far and have found both quite enlightening. Winter World: the Ingenuity of Animal Survival and his book Life Everlasting: The Animal Way of Death are both very thought provoking. I especially liked Winter World as he goes into how different insects and animals get ready for winter. Many insects go through quite a physiological change as their bodies prepare to protect them from ice crystals that could form and kill them if they didn’t have those previous bodily preparations. In his book Life Everlasting Bernd talks about the many all important recyclers of nature. He writes especially about the burying beetles varieties of the world. He even tries out many kinds of experiments to understand these members of the insect world better. He also discusses other animals who help take care of the deceased animals and such of the forests and other areas. A local author that I recently learned about is Warren A. Hatch. He has a gorgeous book full of photos he has taken over about four years. Each photo has a brief description of the subject in it. I find his book a delight. All of the work he has in his book is from his urban yard in Portland, Oregon. Even with the large number of subjects in his book I know he has just scratched the surface of all his little neighbors. The book title is In One Yard: Close to Nature. Sky Time In Gray’s River is also a wonderful read. Written by Robert Micheal Pyle, a Yale trained ecologist and lepidoterist, he describes his new adventures in the small town of Gray’s River after retiring there.

Winter Readings

INSECTS—cont’d on page 9

WWW.REVIEWMEDIAGROUP.COM

DECEMBER 2015 • THE REVIEW • 5

LEFT:

Here is another example of an insect who is preparing for a change and long sleep. I found this hornworm caterpillar looking for a nice crack or hole in the ground to climb into where it will begin its transformation to become a sphinx moth. It’s body will prepare for the cold of winter with a special antifreeze not unlike what we use in our car radiators. BELOW: This burying beetle was working on cleaning up part of a garter snake that had been hit by the lawn mower. He and his mate need the protein source for their young to grow up on. Bernd Heinrich explains more their behavior in his book Life Everlasting.

LEFT:

Cutworm larvae such as this will spend the winter a few inches below the surface of the soil. It’s body will stay relatively ice free due to special built in preparations for its long sleep. Come spring it will emerge as an adult, a subtly colored moth.

SANTA—cont’d from page 1

This date was earlier than the original day of gifts for the children, which moved in the course of the Reformation (of England) and its opposition to the veneration of saints in many countries on the December 24th and 25th. So Saint Nicholas changed to Santa Claus. The custom of gifting of children at Christmas has been propagated by Martin Luther as an alternative to the previous very popular gift custom on St. Nicholas, to focus the interest of the children to Christ instead of the veneration of saints. Martin Luther first suggested the Christkind as the bringer of gifts. But Nicholas remained popular as gifts bearer for the people.

Germanic paganism, Odin, and Christianization

Prior to Christianization, the Germanic peoples (including the English) celebrated a midwinter event called Yule (Old English geola or guili). With the Christianization of Germanic Europe, numerous traditions were absorbed from Yuletide celebrations into modern Christmas. During this period, supernatural and ghostly occurrences were said to increase in frequency, such as the Wild Hunt, a ghostly procession through the sky. The leader of the wild hunt is frequently attested as the god Odin and he bears the Old Norse names Jólnir, meaning “yule figure” and the name Langbarðr, meaning “long-beard”. Margaret Baker comments that “The appearance of Santa Claus or Father Christmas, whose day is the 25th of December, owes much to Odin, the old blue-hooded, cloaked, white-bearded Giftbringer of the north, who rode the midwinter sky on his eight-footed steed Sleipnir, visiting his people with gifts.… Odin, transformed into Father Christmas, then Santa Claus, prospered with St Nicholas and the Christchild became a leading player on the Christmas stage.”

Father Christmas

Father Christmas dates back as far as 16th century in England during the reign of Henry VIII, when he was pictured as a large man in green or scarlet robes lined with fur. He typified the spirit of good cheer at Christmas, bringing peace, joy, good food and wine and revelry. As England no longer kept the feast day of Saint Nicholas on December 6th, the Father Christmas celebration was moved to December 25th to coincide with Christmas Day. The Victorian revival of Christmas included Father Christmas as the emblem of ‘good cheer’. His physical appearance was variable, with one famous image being John Leech’s illustration of the “Ghost of Christmas Present” in Charles Dickens’s festive classic A Christmas

FILL YOUR STOCKING at NAPA!

We’ve got Great Gifts for your Holiday Shopping! Woodland Auto Supply 1015 Pacific Avenue • Woodland 360225-6529

M-F, 7–7 7 8-5 Sat, 8 Sun, 9-4 Sun

Carol (1843), as a great genial man in a green coat lined with fur who takes Scrooge through the bustling streets of London on the current Christmas morning, sprinkling the essence of Christmas onto the happy populace. Pre-modern representations of the gift-giver from Church history and folklore, notably St Nicholas (known in Dutch as Sinterklaas), merged with the English character Father Christmas to create the character known to Americans and the rest of the English-speaking world as Santa Claus. In the English and later British colonies of North America, and later in the United States, British and Dutch versions of the gift-giver merged further. For example, in Washington Irving’s History of New York (1809), Sinterklaas was Americanized into “Santa Claus” (a name first used in the American press in 1773) but lost his bishop’s apparel, and was at first pictured as a thick-bellied Dutch sailor with a pipe in a green winter coat.

19th Century

In 1821, the book A New-year’s Present, to the Little Ones from Five to Twelve was published in New York. It contained Old Santeclaus, an anonymous poem describing an old man on a reindeer sleigh, bringing presents to children. Some modern ideas of Santa Claus seemingly became canon after the anonymous publication of the poem “A Visit From St. Nicholas” (better known today as “The Night Before Christmas”) in the Troy, New York, Sentinel on December 23, 1823; the poem was later attributed to Clement Clarke Moore. Many of his modern attributes are established in this poem, such as riding in a sleigh that lands on the roof, entering through the chimney, and having a bag full of toys. St. Nick is described as being “chubby and plump, a right jolly old elf” with “a little round belly”, that “shook when he laughed like a bowlful of jelly”, in spite of which the “miniature sleigh” and “tiny reindeer” still indicate that he is physically diminutive. The reindeer were also named: Dasher, Dancer, Prancer, Vixen, Comet, Cupid, Dunder and Blixem (Dunder and Blixem came from the old Dutch words for thunder and lightning, which were later changed to the more German sounding Donner and Blitzen). As the years passed, Santa Claus evolved in popular culture into a large, heavyset person. One of the first artists to define Santa Claus’s modern image was Thomas Nast, an American cartoonist of the 19th century. In 1863, a picture of Santa illustrated by Nast appeared in Harper’s Weekly. Thomas Nast immortalized Santa Claus with an illustration for the January 3, 1863 issue of Harper’s Weekly. Santa was dressed in an American flag, and had a puppet with the name “Jeff” written on it, reflecting its Civil War context. The story that Santa Claus lives at the North Pole may also have been a Nast creation. His Christmas image

1230 ‘C’ Lewis River Road • 360-841-8699 www.luckmancoffee.com w

E FRIE-FI W

Coffee Roasted Fresh! Right Here in Woodland!

Try a Volcano Mocha or a Cornbread Quiche Cake! Espresso Drinks, Smoothies, Frappes, Soup, Salads, Panini and Breakfast Sandwiches, Quiche, Home Baked Muffins, Cinnamon Rolls

MAJOR CREDIT CARDS ACCEPTED • LUCKMAN GIFT CARDS AVAILABLE MONDAY-SATURDAY 5:30 A.M. — 6:30 P.M. • SUNDAY 7:00 A.M. — 3:00 P.M.

6 • THE REVIEW • DECEMBER 2015

WWW.REVIEWMEDIAGROUP.COM

in the Harper’s issue dated December 29, 1866 was a collage of engravings titled Santa Claus and His Works, which included the caption “Santa Claussville, N.P.” A color collection of Nast’s pictures, published in 1869, had a poem also titled “Santa Claus and His Works” by George P. Webster, who wrote that Santa Claus’s home was “near the North Pole, in the ice and snow”. The tale had become well known by the 1870s. A boy from Colorado writing to the children’s magazine The Nursery in late 1874 said, “If we did not live so very far from the North Pole, I should ask Santa Claus to bring me a donkey.” The idea of a wife for Santa Claus may have been the creation of American authors, beginning in the mid-19th century. In 1889, the poet Katharine Lee Bates popularized Mrs. Claus in the poem “Goody Santa Claus on a Sleigh Ride”. “Is There a Santa Claus?” was the title of an editorial appearing in the September 21, 1897 edition of The New York Sun. The editorial, which included the famous reply “Yes, Virginia, there is a Santa Claus”, has become an indelible part of popular Christmas lore in the United States and Canada.

20th century

L. Frank Baum’s The Life and Adventures of Santa Claus, a 1902 children’s book, further popularized Santa Claus. Much of Santa Claus’s mythos was not set in stone at the time, leaving Baum to give his “Neclaus” (Necile’s Little One) a wide variety of immortal support, a home in the Laughing Valley of Hohaho, and ten reindeer—who could not fly, but leapt in enormous, flight-like bounds. Claus’s immortality was earned, much like his title (“Santa”), decided by a vote of those naturally immortal. This work also established Claus’s motives: a happy childhood among immortals. When Ak, Master Woodsman of the World, exposes him to the misery and poverty of children in the outside world, Santa strives to find a way to bring joy into the lives of all children, and eventually invents toys as a principal means. Images of Santa Claus were further popularized through Haddon Sundblom’s depiction of him for The Coca-Cola Company’s Christmas advertising in the 1930s. The popularity of the image spawned urban legends that Santa Claus was invented by The Coca-Cola Company or that Santa wears red and white because they are the colors used to promote the Coca-Cola brand. Historically, Coca-Cola was not the first soft drink company to utilize the modern image of Santa Claus in its advertising—White Rock Beverages had already used a red and white Santa to sell mineral water in 1915 and then in advertisements for its ginger ale in 1923. Earlier still, Santa Claus had appeared dressed in red and white and essentially in his current form on several covers of Puck magazine in the first few years of the 20th century. In some images from the early 20th century, Santa was depicted as personally making his toys by hand in a small workshop like a craftsman. Eventually, the idea emerged that he had numerous elves responsible for making the toys, but the toys were still handmade by each individual elf working in the traditional manner. By the end of the 20th century, the reality of mass mechanized production became more fully accepted by the Western public. That shift was reflected in the modern

Floral Effects

depiction of Santa’s residence—now often humorously portrayed as a fully mechanized production and distribution facility, equipped with the latest manufacturing technology, and overseen by the elves with Santa and Mrs. Claus as executives and/or managers. An excerpt from a 2004 article, from a supply chain managers’ trade magazine, aptly illustrates this depiction: Santa’s main distribution center is a sight to behold. At 4,000,000 square feet (370,000 m2), it’s one of the world’s largest facilities. A real-time warehouse management system (WMS) is of course required to run such a complex. The facility makes extensive use of task interleaving, literally combining dozens of DC activities (putaway, replenishing, order picking, sleigh loading, cycle counting) in a dynamic queue... the DC elves have been on engineered standards and incentives for three years, leading to a 12% gain in productivity...The WMS and transportation system are fully integrated, allowing (the elves) to make optimal decisions that balance transportation and order picking and other DC costs. Unbeknownst to many, Santa actually has to use many sleighs and fake Santa drivers to get the job done Christmas Eve, and the transportation management system (TMS) optimally builds thousands of consolidated sacks that maximize cube utilization and minimize total air miles.

Merry C hristmas!

Happy Holidays!

From everyone at your Woodland Post Office! 360

673-3552

124 N. 1ST ST. • KALAMA, WA FLORALEFFECTSKALAMA.COM FLOWERS & GIFTS

FLOORS-N-MORE

WISHING YOU MERRY CHRISTMAS! Call us today!

225-9365

Locally owned and operated Serving Woodland since 1994 233 Davidson Ave. Woodland, WA

Ask about our Respite Care services! e community of f th t o T ING 3 W

iness and a p bus a In ELEB r

, Washing land t ood EARS on

•

Skilled Rehabilitation • Private Rooms • Therapy Services

Always y here… to show y you we care.

WWW.REVIEWMEDIAGROUP.COM

DECEMBER 2015 • THE REVIEW • 7

SW WASHINGTON HISTORY

enry Villard was a man who had many loves. Four of them—transportation, the Pacific Northwest, technological innovations, and big business deals—came together at a critical time to dramatically influence not just our little corner of civilization, but indeed the entire world. In 1879, the Oregon Railway and Navigation Company was busy constructing the newest steamship in its fleet. The brand-spanking-new ship, which would be named Columbia, was slated to travel between Portland and San Francisco. Shipbuilders in Pennsylvania had completed the bulk of the ship, when company president Henry Villard had a bright idea: install something else brand-spankingnew on his ship, namely, electric lights. Villard had already met the up-and-coming scientist Thomas Edison. Although other inventors had designed electric light bulbs, Edison patented his version and Henry Villard in a portrait from his also did what others had biography, “henry villard” by w. failed to do: offer a practical hoffert. courtesy wikimedia commons. system of dynamos so that the lights could be used for commercial purposes. Villard was determined to install electric lights on his state-of-the-art ship. Edison was less inclined to do so. Shipbuilder John Roach was dead-set against it, mainly due to fear of fire from an unproven system. And no insurance company was willing to insure the ship, for that same reason. Despite the differences in opinion, however, Villard won out. His persistence blazed a well-lit trail for all other commercial installations of electric lights. Contemporary news stories recounted humorous tales about the first installation: “Captain Henderson [the ship’s chief engineer] tells many amusing incidents concerning the work on this installation, from the time when he went to

Mr. Edison for instructions up to the time the lights were turned on. Asked as to the proper arrangement of the dynamos, etc., Mr. Edison took a piece of blotting paper from his desk, made a few dots and lines—‘Dynamo here, another here, another here, exciter there, wires running in this direction’—and that was about all the instruction Captain Henderson received. When the latter at one time was expatiating at great length to a party of visitors on the merits of the new system, while the wiring was in progress, he dwelt particularly on the safety from fire. The engineer of the steamboat interrupted him to whisper in his ear, ‘Don’t say a damn word about safety; she’s been afire five times already.’ ” In all, 120 electric lights were installed on BY KAREN L. JOHNSON board. On May 2, 1880, at a New York dock, the engines and dynamos were powered up, switches were thrown, and those lights came on—to the amazement of the crowd at the foot of Wall Street. The ship herself was a paragon of many virtues. The 333' long ship and her compound engines averaged 14 knots (not a slow boat by any means). A deluxe interior featured woodwork of French walnut, Hungarian ash, bird’s-eye maple, and mahogany. Another Edison as a young man, innovation was “the Thomas about the time Villard was heating apparatus, pushing him to install an electric consisting of a regis- system on SS Columbia. courtesy ter in every room, library of congress. supplied with air driven in by an engine and controlled by the occupant of the room. In hot weather it can be

Lights atSea

8 • THE REVIEW • DECEMBER 2015

LEFT:

Combination lights were installed on board SS Columbia. Oil provided a back-up light source just in case the electric lights failed on their maiden voyage; insulated electric wires were run down inside a standard oil lamp frame. But passengers were not allowed to operate the electric lights themselves. A steward had to be summoned to unlock a rosewood box outside the stateroom door and use a secured switch to turn the light on or off.

WWW.REVIEWMEDIAGROUP.COM

IT’S A WONDERFUL LIFE—A LIVE RADIO BROADCAST

A Great Way to Spend a Holiday Evening! L

ove Street Playhouse continues its 2015 Season with a family friendly production of It’s a Wonderful Life: A Live Radio Play, which runs during the holiday season from December 4th to the 13th. Owner and Artistic Director Melinda Leuthold directs Joe Landry’s inspiring live radio play adaptation of Frank Capra’s film It’s a Wonderful Life. It’s A Wonderful Life: A Live Radio Play will open Friday, December 4th at 7:30 p.m. and continue through Sunday, December 13th at Love Street Playhouse, 126 Loves Ave in Woodland, WA. “It’s a Wonderful Life: A Live Radio Play is our Christmas gift to family, friends and our community,” artistic director and Love Street owner Melinda Leuthold said. “I can’t wait to share this heartwarming tale of hope with Woodland and our extended community. The whole theater is going to be awash with the Christmas spirit including coffee, hot apple cider and desserts provided by local businesses. I’m delighted to be bringing such a talented cast of actors to our stage. The audience is going to love this production.” It’s a Wonderful Life: A Live Radio Play transposes the cinematic classic to the theater by staging the story as if it was a live radio broadcast in front of a studio audience. Five actors perform the voices of dozens of characters while creating Foley sound effects. As in the movie, everyman George Bailey(played by Kevin Taylor of Longview) must learn that “no man is a failure who has friends”. He is helped with a little divine intervention from Clarence the Angel (played by Steve Taylor of Battle Ground), when he must face off against local robber baron Henry F. Potter (played by Lou Pallotta of Ridgefield). It’s a reminder of what this season is all about. Mary Hatch, George Bailey’s wife and adoring fan (played by Bethany Pithan of Longview), is ever at his side while Violet Bick

Join us for songs and lively entertainment on a wintry night at Love Street Playhouse December 4th-13th as the talented cast of 5 players perform dozens of characters, sound effects and commercial breaks. From left Kevin Taylor of Longview, Bethany Pithan of Longview, Lou Pallotta of Ridgefield, Kim Dewey of Vancouver and Steve Taylor of Battle Ground. photo credits:

darcie elliott photography

and many other characters (played by Kimberly Dewey of Vancouver) stand in admiration of this gentle and giving man, George Bailey. It’s A Wonderful Life: A Live Radio Playwill play the following performance schedule: December 4, 5, 10, 11, 12, at 7:30 p.m., and December 6, and 13 at 2:00 p.m.

OWLS—cont’d from page 12

you find them resting in a hole in a tree or maybe in a rhododendron bush or in the densest part of a tree not far from the ground. Courtship is usually during March through May. Five to six white eggs are deposited in their nest site which can be anywhere from 14 to 60 feet off the ground. They will live in a box built for flickers that is attached to a tree but prefer natural cavities. The female does the

brooding but both parents will bring food to the young. Their diet consists of mice, rats, small flying squirrels, chipmunks, shrews, bats, and many small birds. After 26 to 28 days the babies hatch and leave the nest in about 27 to 34 days. These birds migrate from Alaska and Canada when they head South to California, Arizona, and Florida. They have even been sometimes found in Bermuda. The life span in

the wild is questionable but two females that were in captivity lived 17 to 17½ years; they were in full adult plumage when first captured. The other owls on my Bucket List are the Boreal, the Northern Hawk owl, the Spotted owl, the Flammulated owl and the tiny Elf owl. I don’t suppose that I will ever see these owls but I can dream can’t I?

INSECTS—cont’d from page 5

He discusses not only the wildlife there, but also some of the history and people of the area. One more suggestion is Suburban Safari: A Year On the Lawn by Hannah Holmes. She writes about the wide variety of animals in and around her yard and the nearby forest. She covers everything from earthworms all the way to squirrels. It is fascinating to find out more about the activities that go on in the parks, gardens and woods even when we are not there. It is even better to get other peoples perspectives of this amazing world. These little critters we share the world with are definitely an important part of this big ancient complex system we are a part of here on this big blue marble in this vast expanse of space in our amazing little solar system. I can’t wait to see what to see what other reads I come across this dark and stormy winter.

WWW.REVIEWMEDIAGROUP.COM

DECEMBER 2015 • THE REVIEW • 9

mitation is how we learn. As we are growing and developing, from our very first breath, we are aware and listening and watching and imitating. Good and not so good! I know of some teeny little innocents that have imitated the mannerisms and vocabulary of the crustiest sinners on the planet, some not-so-innocent tween-agers that are loyal imitators of some very popular and perverted people, and sadly, I know of many teenagers and adults that imitate and perpetuate some very damaging and destructive life styles, too. It is heart-breaking—heart-breaking not because I am better—but because I KNOW what is going to happen to these people. I have been there and have majorly messed up the mileposts of my life with my poorly chosen role models. I am full of regret about what and who I chose to imitate! How I wish I could go back and understand how imitating the popular, worldly, people is not the way to go! How I wish I could go back, and from the start, learn to be more and more like Jesus. I could have tried to imitate Jesus earlier but I didn’t. Even though my parents were the crustiest of sinners, I was allowed exposure to Jesus, the Savior of the world, at Christmas time. I learned about little baby Jesus then. I learned that an angel told Mary “Behold, you will conceive in your womb and bring forth a Son, and shall call His name Jesus. He will be great, and will be called the Son of the Highest; and the Lord God will give Him the throne of His father David, and He will reign over the house of Jacob forever, and of His kingdom there will be no end.… The Holy Spirit will come upon you and the power of the Highest will over-shadow you… the Holy One who is to be born will be called the Son of God.” (Luke 1:31–35 NKJV) I was exposed to the Son of God at Easter time, too. It was then that I learned that the little baby Jesus grew up and offered rescue and ransom from hell to every doomed sinner (as was promised by God from the very beginning of time). I learned what the angel said to the mourners DOWN TO that came to Jesus’s guarded but empty tomb, “Why EARTH do you seek the living Satellite TV among the dead? He is not here, but is risen! Remember

Godfrey's Pharmacy

INTERNET AUTHORIZED SALES AGENT 119 NE 1st, Kalama Mon.-Fri., 9-5 • Sat. 9-2 www.kalamatv.com

673-2950

Serving: Cowlitz, Lewis, Clark & Columbia Counties Since 1982.

Open Mon-Sat • 9:30 am-6 pm; Open Sunday (’til Dec. 21); 12:00 pm– 5 pm

Christmas Sale!

• Toys & Gifts • Holiday Cards & Wrap • Holiday Lights & Decor

673-2600

360

270 N. 1st. St.•Kalama

Northwood Park Funeral Home & Cemetery

Funeral Home • Mausoleum • Cemetery Cremation & Memorial Services, Traditional Funerals ls The ONLY Glass Front Niches in Clark County! 16407 NE 15th • Ridgefield, WA 360

574-4252

Woodland Funeral Home 225-8441

Traditional Services & Cremations 360 828 Goerig St. • Woodland, WA

Jesus

please. But if you are led by the Spirit, you are not under the Law. Now the deeds of the flesh are evident, which are: immorality, impurity, sensuality, idolatry, sorcery, enmities, strife, jealousy, outbursts of anger, disputes, dissensions, factions, envying, drunkenness, carousing, and things like these, of which I forewarn you, just as I have BY LORI ANDERSON forewarned you, that those who practice such things will not inherit the kingdom of God. But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, self-control; against such things there is no law. Now those who belong to Christ Jesus have crucified the flesh with its passions and desires.” Ephesians 4 also encourages us to “walk worthy” of the calling of God! We are encouraged NOT to live as the world does BUT to be different! Live like Jesus! With all humility and gentleness and patience, love one another! To those of us that received God’s grace, we are commanded to extend that same grace! We are to no longer be influenced by the trickery, craftiness, and deceitful scheming of men, but to learn about and imitate Jesus Christ in all that UL J we say and do! BY How? By learning more and more what Jesus is like through studying the Bible and then by imitating how He acted and how He spoke to you when He was still in Galilee, saying the Son of Man must be delivered into the hands of sinful how He responded and how He used scriptures to fight men, and be crucified, and on the third day rise again against every temptation of the flesh and every scheme of man, of self, and of the world! If we love God; if we love (Luke 24:5–7 NKJV).” I also learned that, if only a sinner would believe and His Son; if we accept their gift of the Holy Spirit, then we put their trust and hope in what Jesus accomplished by will naturally be drawn to the Bible. We will desire to dying on the cross and rising from the grave, they would know God the Father/God the Son/God the Holy Spirit more and more and to please them more and more with our have eternal life with Him in Heaven. Of course Heaven was the farthest thing from my mind love and obedience. We will think aboutGod’s Word day when I was young. Oh, there were times when tragedy and night, and be careful to do according to all that is writwould strike and I would ponder the topic of where my ten in it, imitating God’s Son, for then “you will make your loved ones went and what dying meant, but that usually LIKE JESUS—cont’d on page 11 wasn’t at Christmas or Easter! Christmas and Easter were and still are my favorites! I hate to admit though, it wasn’t because of Jesus when I © was younger. I hate to be so hard on myself but the truth is, I was born a crusty little sinner! (My parents found this out immediately!) My free will found it much more pleasurable to be into Santa and the Easter Bunny than Jesus. Mom and Dad knew I was quite selfish and lacked self- Ephesians 2:14–18 control. Oh, they tried in their worldly ways to discipline all the bad out of me, but they did not know to replace the n 1913 the US federal government held a 50th anniverbad within me with good to follow. Yes, they had moments sary reunion at Gettysburg. It lasted three days, with of maturity. They had times of truth. They had seasons of thousands of survivors attending. Most of the men got self-less-ness. But for the most part, Mom and Dad imi- along fairly well, with at lease one exception. Over dinner tated the world around them and followed their flesh and at a restaurant one evening harsh words were passed THAT’S what I imitated, too. between a Yankee into Rebel. They went at each other with So, the things I learned about Jesus lay dormant for a forks. One of them was nearly fatally wounded with tablevery long time but they did finally come to fruition.Finally, ware! the Words of God got through to me! Not because of anyIn 1863 a great price was paid for peace to come to the thing good in me or anything good I had done, but because young United States. For our personal peace and even God had mercy on me and opened my ears, my eyes, and greater price was paid. Ephesians 2:14 says “for He my heart when I heard: Himself is our peace.” “He” is Jesus Christ! In this passage Paul is specifically talking about the • Romans 3:23 “…all have sinned and fall short of the peace that the death of Christ brought between Jews and glory of God…” • Romans 6:23 “…the wages of sin is death, but the free Gentiles as both became Christians in Ephesus. It also refers to the peace that He brought to us within ourselves. gift of God is eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord.” In the long run we are not going to experience peace in • Romans 5:8 “But God demonstrates His own love towards us, in that while we were yet sinners, Christ this world. There are always going to be the bully’s and troublemakers around us. Dictators will continue to come died for us.” • Romans 10:9-10 “…if you confess with your mouth and go, and greedy people will continue to try to get their Jesus as Lord, and believe in your heart that God own way. But we can have peace in the midst of the raised Him from the dead, you will be saved; for with storm.. Jesus Christ is the personification of peace. Do you the heart a person believes, resulting in righteousness, and with the mouth he confesses resulting in salva- have a personal relationship with Him? If not, you can make your peace with God this very moment. He is always tion.” • Romans 10:13 “…for whoever will call on the name listening, always waiting for you to respond to Him. of the Lord will be saved.” You’ve entered the home of the Circuit

PART 3

MUS CARA

“Therefore be imitators of God as dear children. And walk in love, as Christ also has loved us and given Himself for us, an offering and a sacrifice to God…” —Ephesians 5:1–2 NKJV

IO MO LIN A

In the October and November Issues of The Review, we learned that being like the vain, worldly, and evil Queen Vashti, and the royal advisor, Haman (or any of the worldly mega-stars of our day), will bring about horrible consequences, and being more like godly and faithful Mordecai and Queen Esther, who strived to live by God’s standards, brings us closer to the ultimate goal—being like Jesus.

In His Steps … Pea��…

Once a person is saved, the Bible tells us in Galatians 5 that we are called to freedom, but not to turn that freedom into an “opportunity for the flesh”, but through love to serve one another. We are to walk by the Spirit, and not carry out the desires of the flesh. These are in opposition to one another, “so that you may not do the things that you

10 • THE REVIEW • DECEMBER 2015

‘Riter. Come on in and sit a spell, put your feet up—make yourself at home. We’ve been waiting for you. Walk through a delightful series of homespun devotional messages with author, Michael Ullrich. Visit his site at http:// www.in-his-steps.com/

WWW.REVIEWMEDIAGROUP.COM

HISTORY—cont’d from page 8

utilized for cold, and in cold weather for hot air, thus became one of the most recognized technical companies securing perfect ventilation and doing away with the in the world: G.E. disagreeable odor of steam heaters.” Carpets, furniture So the next time you turn on your bathroom light in and upholstery were of top quality. All in all, “It is the middle of the night, you can thank Thomas Edison, claimed that in all her appointments and conveniences but you should also thank Henry Villard and his vision she is one of the finest steamships afloat.” for illuminating SS Columbia. From nearly 30 years, SS Columbia plied the waters between Portland and San Francisco. The ship’s original electrical system served for 15 years, being replaced by an advanced system in 1895. (One of the original dynamos was sent to the Smithsonian.)So despite initial fears, the experimental electric light system was a success. But it finally went down with the ship in 1907, when Columbia collided with a schooner off the California coast, and sank with a loss of 70 lives. Columbia, though, was only the beginning of Villard’s ventures with Edison. In the 1890s, Villard was the main player in the acquisition and merger of the Edison Lamp Company and the TOP: This advertisement for SS Columbia was drawn by Samuel Ward Stanton, and appeared in “American Steam Vessels.” courtesy of great lakes maritime society, via wikimedia Edison Machine Works, thereaf- commons. ter known as the Edison General BOTTOM: “SS Columbia Full Sail” painting by artist Antonio Jacobsen. courtesy Electric Company. In 1893, wikimedia commons “Edison” was dropped from the firm’s name, and it eventually LIKE JESUS—cont’d from page 10

way prosperous, and then you will have success” according to God’s standards, in God’s economy, and in His sight. “For God so loved the World, that He gave His only begotten Son, that whoever believes in Him shall not perish, but have eternal life(John 3:16).” That Son was Jesus, the One the Bible speaks of in John 1:14 where we are told at Christmas time so long ago that, “…the Word became flesh, and dwelt among us, and we saw His glory, glory as of the only begotten from the Father, full of grace and truth.” Today is a great day to start. Believe in Jesus and be like Jesus! Scriptures, unless noted, were taken from the New American Standard Bible (NASB), Copyright © 1960, 1962, 1963, 1968, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1975, 1977, 1995 by The Lockman Foundation

NINTENDO WII CONSOLE 250 GB

XBOX 360 CONSOLE

25 % 20 % 25

Ready FORWint er!

% PRE-OWNED OFF

REGULAR PRICES

GUITARS STARTING AT $99.99

REGULAR PRICE

Desktops, Tablets & Laptop OFF

COMPUTERS

OFF

GET G ET

39 $ 99 89 $

DIAMOND STUD

REGULAR PRICED COLORED

GEMSTONE JEWELRY

EARRINGS

218

STARTING AT

Merry Christmas! • Many Sizes to Choose From • Single Studs Available

PETS, PET TS PAWNS AND IMPORTS

WWW.REVIEWMEDIAGROUP.COM

DECEMBER 2015 • THE REVIEW • 11

hat’s right, I have an Owl Bucket List and it is not too easy to fill. The reason it is difficult to fill is that you mostly see owls at night and I don’t go out in the cold to see any bird. I have seen nine of the owls on my list but am missing six more. So I would like to tell you about one of the six that I want to see. I looked it up in my encyclopedia of birds. In Bible days children were named after a special incident or request such as ‘Gift of God’ for instance. Birds sometimes are named after a person who first saw them, by the sounds they make, places they live, etc. Barn owls usually live in barns but other owls have names like Crazy, Death, Day, Deer, Cat, Church, Shivery, Flatfaced, etc. The list goes on and on. My Owl for today is called the Saw-whet Owl and that is because it sounds like a person filing or sharpening a large mill saw. This owl is a nocturnal bird of dense woods or sometimes in low swampy areas. Both sexes look alike with the female a little larger (7–8½”). Their wingspan is around 17 to 20”. These birds are a rich brown on their upper parts with a few white spots. The under parts are streaked with white that is dappled with light chestnut brown. It has a rounded head with the top of head showing white streaking. The black bill and yellow eyes top off the description of the Sawwhet owl. What I have found out from personal experience is that some owls are quite tame. They love to have the back of their heads scratched and the Saw-whet is no exception. They are quite easy to catch in the daytime especially if

MY OWL

Bucket List

A Saw Whet Owl peers fearlessly out from her safe space in a tree.

C s i o m a t i n n a g ! S

OWLS—cont’d on page 9

Hot Chocolate, Cider, & Candy Canes!

All Children 8 or younger

Visit with Santa!

((Bring B your parents!)

Friday December 4th, 201 5 4 to 8 p.m.

1 43 Davidson Ave. • Woodland

Saturday December 5th, 201 5 1 to 5 p.m.

Follow the Lights!

FOR MORE INFORMATION CALL 360-200-1799 OR GO TO FACEBOOK.COM WOODLAND/KALAMA MASONIC LODGE 17 BROUGHT TO YOU BY WOODLAND-KALAMA MASONIC LODGE #17

12 • THE REVIEW • DECEMBER 2015