S ECTION 4
Fifth Definition “Culture in its broadest sense is cultivated behavior; that is the totality of a person's learned, accumulated experience which is socially transmitted, or more briefly, behavior through social learning.” What does this definition of culture mean? Stop and reflect on what the following definitions or explanations mean: Cultural behavior is behavior that is learned. “The difference between the culture of humans and the behaviors exhibited by others is that humans cannot survive without culture. Everything they see, touch, interact with and think about is cultural. It is the major adaptive mechanism for humans. They cannot survive winters in upper latitudes without protective clothing and shelter, which are provided culturally. They cannot obtain food without being taught how. Whereas other organisms that exhibit cultural behavior don't necessarily need it for the perpetuation of their species, they absolutely cannot live without it.” (Wikipedia - may not be a reliable source) “Culture is man-made, what is not man-made is not culture. By culture we mean an extrasomatic, temporal of things and events dependent upon symboling. Human being made cul-
ture and continue to make culture for his/her own survival and comfort. Thus human beings live by culture other than instinct in order to remain alive; but culture that human beings made and continue to make changes and model the behavior of its makers in some general and specific ways. Culture as a lived experience: Culture as a lived experience is invented or created, learned and borrowed, accumulated and transmitted from one generation to another through learning processes. Although the mind of a human being is capable of imagining new ideas, creating new cultural elements. Culture as a lived experience undergoes changes of content as well as structural form. New elements are being added; old elements are dropped out; some more normative may resist change or change only slowly; others expressing universal ethics and moral rules as well as functions of culture in human society remain always the same in all human societies. They are the cornerstones of a constitution of any human society simple or complex, rich or poor, large or small. Culture as a lived experience in the sense that its functions are encompassing all aspects of social life in any society (OchollaAyayo, 1980; White, 1960; Keesing 1960; Klolhol, 1963; Narol and Cohen 1970; Krober, 1948, 1976 among others). 13