Santa Barbara Zoo: Forty Years

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NOTICIAS Quarterl')' Magazine Oi- The Santa Barbara Historical Society Vol, XLIX, No. i

Spring 2003

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ZOO Forty Years

It u'tJ.s d modest beginning:"a ILimd, Cu'o sheep, a goal, lien turkeys, and d u ooUy monkey.”

Such u'ti.s (he niendgerk uluch greeted visitors on August ivhen .A Child's listate opened its gdtes lor thefirst time. Tbdd\ iheSdnid Barhdrd Zoological Qdrdens is home to overJive hundred ani mals and annual attendance is numbered in the hundreds oj thou.'idnds. .\hincy I lollenbeck-b Ic'loldridge,ivhose oivn i.issociation ^vith the —-oqstretches backo'vertuenty years, relates the histoi~\' ofthis unhiue Santa Barbara institution in this issue oj Nocicias. She points to the importance that partnerships have played in the Zoo ’s s development through the decades, partnerships forged on (he local, national,and international leve:ls. buiddition to thepopidarpiddic exhibits, thc-;oo has developed signijicant programs in uildlije consen.'ation. .Ml photographs arcfrom the collections ofthe Santa Barbara Zoological Cjdrdens unless noted othercover n-ise. Ironi cover image is the present logo oj the Santa Barbara Zoological Cjdrdens [he back image is takenIrom the ipyij.Annual l\gport.

THE AUTHOR:.Mancs' I lollenbeckZ Icloldridge received her degree in pre-projessionalzoologyfrom Ohio WCslcyan I hiiversity in ip'/y- Sheivorkedat the Columbus-^oo andAquarium tindivasan interpretive naturalist for the ()hio State Barks. In ipSa,she became Bducation Curator at (he Santa Bar bara Zoo, then Assistant Director in t pS8. She is presently Chiefi )perating Ojjicerat (he Zoo. NOTiciAS is a i-|uarccr!y journal dcvoccd co chc study of the history ol Santa Barbara County.

Contributions of articles arc welcome. Those authors whose articles are accepted tor publication will receive ten gratis copies of the issue in w'hich their article appears. Further copies are available to chc contributor at cost. The authority in matters oi style is the University oj Chicago Manual oj Style, igth edition. The Publications Committee reserves the right co return submitted manuscripts for required changes. Statements and opinions expressed in articles are the sole responsibility ol the author.

Nlichaci Redmon. Editor Judy Succlille, Designer © 2003 Tire Santa Barbara Fliscorical Society 13!^ E. De la Guerra Street, Santa Barbara, Calilornia 93101 ● Telephone: 805/966-1601 Single copies S5.00 ISSN 0581-5916

■ "he Santa Barbara Zoological Gardens:

The Strength of Partnerships We Built the Zoo

which were founded as publicly funded municipal operations.

Santa Barbara is a unique community, home to generous and giving people who truly care about their quality of life and appreciate the city’s beautiful natural set

In looking back on its lorcy-year history, it is clear that the Zoo is the result of a unique partnership with the community Tliere arc still people here who can proudly exclaim tliat they had a hand in building the Zoo; they are called ”1 Built the Zoo-ers.”

ting. The impact of this caring commu nity is at the heart of the history of the Santa Barbara Zoological Gardens.

Like myriad non-profit organizations in Santa Barbara, the Zoo is a private entity, dependent on the support of the commu nity. not tax dollars. This is rare in the

"I Built the Zoo-ers” arc rich, poor, and in between; they are famous, many arc not; they own small businesses and large cor porations; work as gardeners and doctors; lawyers and bankers; builders and design ers; teachers and technicians; and even

world of zoos and aquariums, most of

movie and music makers. It is people like these who make Santa Barbara such an en

Nancy Hollenbeck McToldridge

chanting spot, and who arc responsible for the Santa Barbara Zoological Gardens, 1

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SANTA BARBARA ZOO No One Envisioned a Zoo The Santa Barbara Zoo story begins over forty years ago on a vacant, overgrown scvcntccn-acre estate with no money, no animals, no employees and no source of financial support. There was, though, an enthusias tic group of young business men willing to work hard to build a park for the people of Santa Barbara.

Initially no one even envi sioned a zoo. Tlie Santa Bar bara Junior Chamber of Com merce took on the project, and Tlx Child Estate Foundation, founded on February 6.1961, managed the development.

Over the next few years large work parties of volunteers la bored to clear the grounds, build a perimeter fence, raise seed money,and develop a plan to build "A Garden of Ani mals." In 1963, what was then called A Child's Estate opened to the public with a handful of creatures, only one employee, and still no source of financial support. It seemed so many people helped to get the project go¬

ABOVE KJQHI:Lillian Ckildaboutthetime ojkermarriage to John Child, igii. Ihrgcncrous gift ojher home to the Santa Barbara t'oun dation in eventually led to thefounding oj the Santa Barbara Zoo. Santa Barbara //istorical Society.

OPPOSITE: Lhe estate ofJohn and Lillian Child, the future home of the Santa Barbara Zoo, is at left in this aerial, ca. 1922. Vie large home at right belonged to the William Wliller Qrahamfamily.

ing that nearly everyone in town had a free membership. Tlie grounds were beautiful, the concept sound,and the enthusiasm and dedi cation of the community remained high.

A Child’s Estate Many Santa Barbarans were raised knowing the Zoo as A Child’s Estate. In fact, the sure sign of a long-time Santa Barbaran is that they refer to it this way today. No accounting of the Zoo’s history would be complete without acknowledg ing the roots of this property and the origi nal donation of land by Lillian Child.

Prior to the Zoo. pre-dating Lillian Child and even before her first husband John Beale, the Zoo property played a signifi cant prehistoric role for the Chumash In dians, The Chumash people camped on this

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4 site while fishing in the Pacific Ocean. Evi dence of their presence was found through out the site in the form of midden—refuse heaps containing shells from food supplies, primitive implements from building, and chipped stones from hunting.

Whenever a site is proposed for devel opment within the Zoo, the preservation of these historic roots is taken into consid eration. Archaeological studies and historic assessments arc all undertaken as a part of the permitting process. The City ol Santa Barbara Historic Landmarks Commission and Planning Commission consider the re sults of these studies, along with recom mendations by City staff and ocher experts in guiding the development of the sice.

Native American monitors are often

present during the initial stages ot construc tion for Zoo projects.

In the late 1800s, John Beale, a tea mer chant from New York, fell in love wdth this property and developed an estate named V^a Mar. It was an impressive structure built of pink stucco, a red tile roof, and a massive water storage tower situated on the hilltop overlooking the ocean. After Beale’s death in 1914, his wife, Lillian, married John Cliild in 1921,and the property was colloquially called the Child Estate.

Some remnants of the estate are still visible at the Zoo today. Several low land scaping walls near the hilltop date back to the estate. Tlic large Canary Island palms in what is now known as the Palm Garden were planted in the early era. With the ex-

A residence injungleville,1937- Members ofthis community Largely/w/iced themselves.Santa Barbara Historical Society.

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cepcion of a large eucalyptus tree in the lower portion of the Zoo, all other landscaping was added after the property opened as A Child’s Estate, Lillian is most remembered for her decision to allow hobos to live on the

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property. By 1945, it is estimated that between forty to fifty men lived there. Tliese men were not transients or "homeless.” They established a community known as Jungleville complete with a governing body, communications and even a judicial system.

Child deeded the property to the Santa Barbara Foundation in 1947,

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four years before her death. In 1951 ^ there were thirty-two residents of Jungleville; the Foundation honored ; her request that these men not be displaced. In 1953, the Foundation gave the estate to the City of Santa 'Ruo rasidaits ofJungleville enjoy a quiet moment,early Barbara, with the idea that the 1950s. Santa Barbara Historical Society. property should be used as some sort ol park. The City did allow current residents to continue to use the property, just prior to the Zoo's open ing, the original shacks were torn down; cottages from the Miramar Hotel grounds were relocated to the property and the remaining three jungleville citi zens moved in. Shortly after moving into the cottages one resident was placed in a rest home, one died and another, fortyseven years of age, was asked to leave.

During the 1950s, the City of Santa Barbara permitted the University of Cali fornia at Santa Barbara to use the estate as a fraternity house, an arrangement that lasted only a few years. Tlie building fell into disrepair, and in 1959 it was declared a hazard and razed.

A Llama,'Iwo Sheep,a Qoat, a Couple oj'lurk^eys, and a Woolly M.onkey Initial talks between representatives of the junior Chamber ol Commerce and the City began as early as 1958. The initial master plan articulated a dream to open a "park for animals and people." It was dur ing this planning process that the concept of a zoo emerged. A group from the junior Chamber of Commerce formed a non-

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A pnpuUir attraction during the early years at the Zoo was theJarmyard with its distinctive wooden waterwheel. Photograph by Jean Heywood.

profit organization, raised some planning money,and began development of the Zoo. Robert Kallman. Arthur Henzell, Arthur

exhibits and other improvements. The lease was renewed in 1988,

Locker, and other prominent local citizens were instrumental in negotiating with the City for the site, establishing the non-profit The Child Estate Foundation, and recruit

ten, approached the Foundation in 1962.

Batten had acquired a small collection of exotic animals while working for the oil industry in Asia and proposed that he live on the property in exchange for the dis playing of his animals and his "zoo keep ing” services. Tliough the Foundation spent $50,000 to create housing to exhibit fortythree ot Batten’s animals, the fine points of the negotiations were not settled, the relationship cooled, and in 1964 Batten moved on to open a zoo in San Jose.

The Zoo opened to the public on Au-

ing volunteers from the community.

Reuben J. Irvin became the first Founda tion board president in 1962.

The City signed a twenty-five-year lease agreement in 1963 with The Child Estate Foundation that allowed the Foun dation to develop a park. Although the City of Santa Barbara still owns the land, the foundation owns all the animals, buildings,

A geologist and animal lover, Peter Bat-

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gust 4, 1963 and in 1964, after Batten’s resignation. The Child Estate Foundation

ment to the conservation of the natural world. The Zoo was first accredited in

appointed Edward "Ted” McToldridge Park Superintendent. Members of the Jun ior Chamber of Commerce remained ac tive on the Board until the late 1980s. The

1982, three years before accreditation be came mandatory for association members.

Over the past forty years, zoos and aquariums have evolved from menageries to organizations. The history of zoos, and the Santa Barbara Zoo in particular, is more than the addition of new facilities and spe cies, innovative programs and events, and the great leaders who have made contribu

Foundation was the governing authority for the Zoo by charter and by-laws, and had a board of twenty-one members. In 2001, the number of board members was reduced to eighteen.

The initial collection was modest, con sisting of a llama, two sheep, a goat, two turkeys and a woolly monkey. Other early residents included a black bear and an or angutan. Many ot these came from the private zoo ot Samuel Mosher, owner of Dos Pueblos Ranch.

Tlie Zoo continued to grow. At the end of the day contractors with an hour to spare would stop by with materials, a partial load of cement, plants, discarded tools - what ever they had - and "helped build the Zoo.” Exhibits were developed trom a strong phi losophy of naturalism and underwent con stant renovation. The gardens and aesthet ics were always given equal importance with the development of the animal col lection.

Philosophical Evolution oj'Zoos: From Menageries to Conservation Leaders From its beginning the Santa Barbara Zoological Gardens has been a member and active in what is now known as the Ameri can Zoo and Aquarium Association (AZA). Out of the over 2500 facilities li censed by the United States Department of Agriculture to exhibit animals, there are currently only 210 accredited members.

Accreditation by the AZA indicates the institution upholds the highest standards of animal care, facilities, staff, and pro grams. It is also an indication of commit-

tions. This history has become a story of philosophical evolution.

Zoos and aquariums were historically menageries collected for the viewing pleasure of a city’s populace. Zoos were the only places most people could ever see these fascinating creatures. This phi losophy began to change rapidly in the 1940s and 1950s as zoos recognized the impact they could have on species pres ervation and developed programs to ad dress this mission.

The impact of zoos and aquariums is two-fold; 1)participation in captive breed ing and preserving genetic diversity in spe cies and, 2)when possible, returning onceextinct or near-extinct species to the wild.

The most dramatic impact zoos and aquariums have, however, is educational.

Each year over 130 million people visit zoos and aquariums. Those people are touched by the wonder of animals and taught about the challenges facing the natural world. It is hoped that visitors leave with a sense of awe, with knowledge about the natural world, and with a desire to support con servation with their actions.

Tlie Species Survival Plan (SSP) is one of the most important cooperative conser vation programs the Santa Barbara Zoo participates in with its AZA-accredited partner facilities. Over two hundred spe cies are managed through this program that is aimed at creating a master plan that

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8 maincains generic diversicy wichin chc capcivc populacion, develops suscainablc populacions in capcivicy and guards againsc excinccion. The Zoo’s symbol for chc pasc

may be, do noc make very good pecs.

Dandy was much coo large co handle and he had a wicked habic of scaring garden ers, Mrs. Mosher concacced chc Zoo wich

cwency years has been che black and whice ruffed lemur, chc firsc SSP species co breed ac chc Zoo.

an oflcr coo good co refuse: in exchange for caring for Dandy, she would finance chc lion exhibic and supporc Dandy's care

The Santa Barbara Zoo’s Mission: 'The Santa Barbara Zoo is dedicated to the preservation, conservation, and enhancement ofthe natural world and its living treasures through education, research, and recreation.

A Lion s Idle Thcrc has never been a slow period ol development in che Zoo. which has been conscancly growing, expanding, improv ing and evolving throughout its forty years.

In chc 1980s there was a saying chat "if you haven’t been co che Zoo in chc last cwo weeks you’ve missed something!”

In chc 1960s che animal collection con tinued to grow and diversify wich additions of sea lions, monkeys, reptiles, parrots and, chc Zoo's first African lion, Dandy Lion, which arrived in 1970. That big cat became famous in Santa Barbara; as Zoo Superin tendent Ted McToldridge stated, "That lion was chc beginning of our exotic ani mal collection,” Dandy originally belonged to Samuel Mosher, who received him as a gilt from a friend who had won him in a golf tournament. He raised Dandy to ma turity ac his home,located ac che Dos Pueb los Orchid Ranch. His wife, Margaret Mosher,assumed responsibility for chc lion when Mr. Mosher passed away.

Mrs. Mosher soon learned che hard way chat lions, beautiful and majestic as they

for his life. Mrs, Mosher’s generous sup porc of che Zoo concinued long alcer Dandy’s deach and, alchough she rcccncly passed away, her supporc chrough chc Mosher Foundacion concinues co chis day, Dolly Lion joined Dandy in 1973. The pair dclighccd visitors ac chc Zoo uncil cheir dcachs in 1984 and 198v5. respectively.

Kali and Paka, young African lion lit ter maces, came co chc Santa Barbara Zoo as cubs in the summer of 1985. The male, Paka, could be seen daily atop the highest point in chc cxhibic, looking out over his "kingdom.” This exhibic allowed che visi tors CO stand closer to che lions than they could anywhere else. This proximity co such a mighty animal inspired awe in visi tors and demonstrated chc power ot chis large carnivore.

In March 2003 a new lion habitat opened. Cats of Africa features African li ons and small black-fooccd cats, a highly endangered species. Tlic new habitat is an example of che evolution of exhibit design and animal management. Housing animals in pairs has been the norm in zoos through out chc years, but over chc pasc two dc-

SANTA BARBARA ZOO cades zoos have been designing enclosures to accommodate species in groupings similar to those in the wild. For lions that means a male and a few females with their offspring. Cats of Africa’s largest occupants arc a male and two female lions. Tlic African Lion Species Survival Plan has designated the male and one of the females as a breeding pair, and the exhibit will be able to house up to six lions if breeding is successful.

Exhibit Evolution In the 1960s, the old barred cages and animal pits of prior decades were replaced by naturalistic habitats. These habitats

9 used moats and welded wire for contain ment, creating a more pleasing aesthetic and naturalistic appearance and more com fortable experience for an increasingly so phisticated audience.

Santa Barbara Zoo’s sea lion habitat was one of the first naturalistic habitats in California. Work on the "sealarium” be gan in 1964 and was completed in 1966.

The philosophy of naturalistic design is to provide a healthier psychological environ ment for the animals, display them in an educational manner and provide increased comfort levels for the visitors. For example, a sea lion in a watery habitat with artifi cial rock "haul outs" teaches visitors more

Dandy Lion arrived at the Zoo in igyo due to thegaierousjinancial support ofMargaret Mosher. Photograph by Jean I layzvood.

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One ofthefirst naturalistic exhibits in Calijornia was the sea lion habitat at the Santa Barbara Zoo.

about the species’ natural environment than a swimming pool-type exhibit outside a building. The sea lion exhibit has actually been remodeled four times since its open ing in the late 1960s.

Renovation ot the Zoo’s existing facili ties is as important as new exhibit devel opment. Exhibits deteriorate - even faster than buildings because they house living animals. In addition, knowledge of animal husbandry continues to grow. Zoo keep ers change management practices based on new findings, research, and exchange of ideas. Technology advances also provide better ways of giving animals improved care. The needs of the natural world are also constantly changing and some species arc in more need of captive conservation efforts now than ever before. That need

dictates tlic need to renovate older exhibits to house new species.

Zoo Rciilroad and Carousel Tlie Santa Barbara Zoo railroad is defi nitely a favorite with the Zoo’s youngest visitors. Abluntccrs installed the first min iature railroad track that circled the hilltop area of the Zoo in 1968. In order to pur chase the locomotive and coaches, the Zoo secured its iirst and only bank loan; the train was an instant hit and the loan was repaid within six months. It was such a success that the Board ol Directors decided to expand the rail line to run around the entire perimeter of the Zoo in 1983. Once again, volunteers participated in large weekend work parties, clearing the land,

SANTA BARBARA ZOO grading, laying tics and rail, and gauging rhc track. All the laborers were volunteers and the firm of Pcnficld & Smith donated the engineering. Volunteers provided their own tools; one even brought a skip loader.

The new rail line was nearly a mile long and lengthened the ride to seven minutes.

Work team leaders, William Wright and William Brace, drove a golden spike into the last tic and dedicated it on Thanksgiv ing weekend, William Dcntzcl, a local resident and descendant of the famous German carou sel maker, donated a custom carousel, which opened to the public in 1979. The smallest of Zoo guests have climbed atop one of the colorful animals for an exciting ride on a classic carousel. It was renovated in 1986 and youngsters are still riding the pig, horse, fish, and other creatures today.

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As Big as They Qet Dandy Lion may have been the first of the Zoo’s exotic animal collection but at tractions don't come any bigger chan the two Asian elephants who have resided at the Santa Barbara Zoo since the summer ot 1972. Sujatha and Little Mac, however, were not the lirsc.

Herb Peterson arrived in Santa Barbara in the lace 1960s to open die local McDonald’s franchises. He wanted to get involved with the community and approached the Zoo to see what he could do. At the time, the Zoo had become aware of a young elephant with some serious health challenges living at a sa fari park south of town.

Ted McToldridgc agreed to cake the ailing elephant who was suffering from a

Volunteers worked long and hard to extend the miniature railroad around the pe rimeter ojthe Zoo in 1983.

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12 severe abscess, and Peterson purchased a life insurance policy for it. The Zoo staff stayed by the animal's side twenty-four hours a day but, sadly, the little pachyderm did not survive. Still, there was a determi nation to secure an Asian elephant for the Zoo and a trade was arranged with the city of Mysore, India, They would send two

Their first home was in the old barnyard area ot the Zoo. now the restaurant courtyard. Their first barn was where the public restrooms are now located.

As the girls grew, so did their need lor space. Later in the 1970s a new ex hibit was constructed at the current site.

The height of the barn was raised twice

Sujatha and LittleT^acarrived in igj2.. Originally housed in thefarmyard area,they moved to their num enclosure afeu> years later.

young female Asian elephants in exchange for two California sea lions. The funds from the original elephant's insurance policy paid for the trans-Pacific trip on Pan American Airways, Sujatha was born to a working mother in an Indian logging camp and Little Mac was discovered nearby in the forest, apparently orphaned. It was esti mated that both were born in January of 1971. They arrived in Santa Barbara in July 1972, and, as one-and-a- half-year olds stood not even four feet in height.

as the elephants grew to maturity. A cur rent renovation, beginning this year, ex tends the yard, enlarges the pool, makes the surrounding pathways compliant with the Americans with Disabilities Act, and includes a beautiful Asian bo tanical setting. The animals’ space will be increased and sight lines for viewing will be enhanced. During the construc tion period, Sujatha and Little Mac will take a vacation. Because it would be dif ficult to complete construction with the elephants living on exhibit, the girls will

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be temporarily boarded at another facil ity, Guests and members will receive

enne Mountain Zoo in Colorado Springs, Colorado.

regular reports from the girls at "camp’’ during this approximately eight-to twelve-month period.

The Zoo's popular summer Zoo Camp was initiated in 1975 with a handful of day campers and has grown to serve over 1,200 eager campers in 2002. The most popular educational offering at the Zoo. the camp is often voted "Best of" in the SantaBar^

Kids are Also Partners Education has taken on increasing im portance in the evolution of zoos and aquariums. Santa Barbara Zoo's education programs were first formalized in 1971 when the Assistant Director, Susan Engfer, began offering programs for the public and touring school groups. Originally hired as a Keeper in 1968, Engfer became Assistant Director in 1971. In 1988 she accepted the position of Executive Director of the Chey-

bora News'Press and Independent reader polls. Children aged three to twelve spend their day in the Zoo learning about the animals, their wild habitats and their con servation challenges. Second-generation campers are now going through the pro gram. In addition to the campers, teen vol unteers serve as Counselors-In-Training (CIT), assisting the professional staff and learning the techniques of working with

Bducation is central to theZoo’s mission,giving childrenjlrst-hand experience with the natu ral ivorld. Photograph by John Tucker.

14 younger children. Many CITs have gone on CO become counselors in the program.

Lasc year, chc Sanca Barbara Zoo along with ocher AZA-accrediced zoos and aquariums, urged children to chink about nature and cake a poll on Azasweb.com.

More than 60,000 children took the poll nationally, with over 1,800 of chose re sponding coming from chc Sanca Barbara area alone. The results of chc poll indicate chat children believe volunteers arc doino

NOTICIAS chc most to save chc planet: chat kids are important in helping save the environment and in making a difference; and chat chil dren arc very interested in finding out ways they can help. The Zoo’s educational of ferings, from school group tours to special events to tormal classroom programming, have always involved youngsters with na ture and have a conservation message. Kids arc also partners in conservation, A sampling of popular programs over

Two members of the giraffe herd enjoy a quiet moment in the Zoo’s African Veldt.

Photograph by Connie Speight.

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SANTA BARBARA ZOO the years includes Story Hour; Stroller Tours, Zoosnoozes, Be a Bug, Wildlife Safari, So You Want To Be A Vet, Tiny Tots,Junior Zookeepers, If I Ran The Zoo, Gorillas In Our Midst, and many others.

An estimated three-quarter of a million school children have toured through the Santa Barbara Zoo as a part of their school curriculum in the past forty years. These children have experienced the animals and interacted with education staff and volun teers. They take what they learn back to the classroom and to their families to share.

It is hoped their positive experience has sparked an interest in nature and wildlife that develops into the desire to learn and do more, and to become better stewards of the environment.

One group of volunteers stands out in the field of education—the Santa Barbara Zoo Docents. The Docents were officially formed in 1982, as an offshoot of a dedi cated group of volunteer "guides” who led school tours. Formal docent training was first held in 1982 and the role of docents (the Latin word for teacher) has expanded to include more interpretive activities and responsibilities. Today the docents remain an important component of the Zoo's edu cation program.

'Ihe AZA Stamp ofApproval: Accreditation To be a member of AZA requires ac creditation approximately every five years.

Tliis accreditation process was developed

by AZA in the late 1970s and accredita tion became required for membership by 1985. It is a self-governing program, man aged by volunteers of the Association.

In March 1982, the Santa Barbara Zoo became the fifty-first zoo or aquarium to become an accredited member of AZA. It has been accredited in subsequent reviews

15 and will come up for review again in 2005, In each five-year cycle, the standards for accreditation become more stringent. Zoos must constantly improve their facilities and become increasingly involved in conserva tion programs, both in the zoo and in the field. Many of the improvements and up grades that have occurred in the Zoo over the past twenty years are a direct result of keeping up with the changes in accredita tion standards.

AZA and the Santa Barbara Zoo arc also strong partners. Throughout its his tory, Zoo staff have supported the activi ties of the AZA and participated in its pro grams. In 1983, the Zoo hosted the AZA Western Regional Conference, at which AZA's Board of Directors approved the initial Species Survival Plan proposal, thus creating the single most important coop erative conservation program in North America. The conference again came to Santa Barbara in 1993, at which the name of the organization was changed from the American Association of Zoological Parks and Aquariums (AAZPA) to the stream lined American Zoo and Aquarium Asso ciation(AZA).

Nancy Hollenbeck McToldridge, the Zoo’s Chief Operating Officer, was originally hired as the Education Cura tor in 1982. A former board member, she has actively represented the Santa Bar bara Zoo on AZA committees such as Conservation Education, the Accredita tion Commission, the Ethics Board, and others. Other Zoo staff also support the association’s work through service on the Ape Taxon Advisory Group, the Gibbon Species Survival Plan, the Small Canid Taxon Advisory Group, the Wildlife Conservation Management Committee, and the Prosimian Taxon Advisory Group. Santa Barbara Zoo staff mem bers also maintain three studbooks for

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16 the AZA: Channel Island fox. white-

ommendations for individual animals. An

cheeked gibbon, and slender-tailed meerkat.

AZA member zoo or aquarium might be asked to breed a pair of animals they main tain, or send one of their animals to another

Conservation Begins at Home

facility to breed with one of their animals.

Tliis data is also used to make decisions on what animals should not breed.

The Santa Barbara Zoo will receive a

Studbooks list what animals are related and how closely they are related. Population biologists, working with the Taxon Advi sory Groups and the Species Survival Plans use this information to make breeding rec-

female lion from Garden City. Kansas in 2003 based on a SSP recommendation to breed her with the Santa Barbara Zoo’s

TVo visit to tiu: Santa Barbara Zoo is complete witlumt climbing aboard the miniature railroadfor a tour ofthe grounds.

SANTA BARBARA ZOO male. The SSP has recently recommended against breeding the Zoo’s ruffed lemurs because they are "over represented’’ geneti cally in the ruffed lemur population, an other example of species population man agement at work. The purpose is to en sure genetic diversity and guard against an entire species dying out from one fatal flaw.

In addition to these management pro grams, the Santa Barbara Zoo has long been involved in local conservation efforts.

During the tragic 1969 oil spill along the South Coast, the Santa Barbara Zoo closed to the public and initiated a full-scale reha bilitation effort for oiled birds in which they were cleaned, fed and returned to the wild.

This operation was so successful that the Zoo continued to clean and rehabilitate oiled birds for California State Fish and Game through the mid 1980s, as birds still come into contact with oil from natural seeps along the coast.

In the 1980s quarantine requirements of AZA accreditation changed, making it im possible for the Zoo to bring animals onto the grounds from outside without putting them through a full quarantine facility and process. The Wildlife Care Network was formed to take over this important con servation effort. In fact, all animals enter ing the Zoo grounds must complete a thirty-day isolation or quarantine period and undergo medical testing ensuring that the new animals do not bring in a disease chat could spread within the Zoo. As early as 1986 the Zoo’s staff veteri narian was involved with the California condor recovery effort led by the US Fish and Wildlife Service, and in 1987Zoo staff

17 now made it possible for these birds to again soar in their native habitats. Once again, the Santa Barbara Zoo is involved with the recovery effort. In 2002, the Zoo officially became a part of the California Condor Recovery Team, participating as an active member, housing birds transitioning between locations and work ing with the species in the wild providing much needed research and veterinary care.

The Zoo has also been given permission to develop a habitat for public display of this remarkable species, scheduled to open in 2004.

Another Zoo conservation partner is the National Park Service’s Channel Island Fox Recovery Team as golden eagles have hunted this species to near extinction on many of the Channel Islands. Tlie Zoo participates in the care of the loxes on the islands, a breed ing program at the Zoo, research, develop ment of husbandry standards and a manual, and maintenance of the species studbook.

The U.S. Forest Service and the Zoo are partnering to develop programs aimed at conserving several endangered amphib ian species native to Los Padres National Forest, and the Zoo is also a partner in the City of Santa Barbara’s Creek Initiative.

In 2003,tlie Zoo initiated a new employee benefit intended to empower its employees to be a part of local conservation by taking one paid day off a year to volunteer in a pre approved local conservation effort.

Qardens Too Tlic name,A Child’s Estate, often caused

bird in the wild. The twenty-seven birds were then housed in breeding compounds at the Los Angeles Zoo and San Diego Wild Animal Park.

confusion among those unfamiliar with the role Lillian Child had played in the story of the Zoo, Many assumed the Zoo was a kiddy-park or a children’s zoo. A change of name would bring about a change in image and focus attention on the idea chat the Zoo

Years of research, care and breeding have

was here for all ages. In 1986, the Founda-

was part of the team that rescued the last

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18 cion officially changed its name to the Santa Barbara Zoological Foundation and the offi cial name of the park to the Santa Barbara Zoological Gardens.

The Foundation chose to include the word gardens in the name because of the beautiful landscaping developed on the grounds over the first twenty years. The Santa Barbara Garden Club became involved early on when they built a pool and pergola leading to the hilltop. Tile pool was renovated in 2003 and now includes a stacc-of-che-arc water sys tem. Koi and plants abound in this natural filtration water feature.

Thousands visited the Zoo to get a glimpse of Jvlax,a silverbach. gorilla, upon his arrival in Lgg6.

Photograph by Ilarold Ilamm.

The hilltop location has always been an ideal venue for special events, both big(the lawn can hold up to four thousand guests) and small, especially weddings. The first nuptial was held there in the lace 1970s when Bill and Mary Turner were wed,(Bill later became the Education Curator at the Denver Zoo); they still visit to remember their special day in a beautiful spot.

Just below the hilltop is an area known as Palm Garden, featuring Canary Island palms dating back to the Child estate.

Many ocher species of palms and other specimen plants have been added, and there

SANTA BARBARA ZOO are over twenty-five species of palm in that area now. along with several species of bam boos,staghorn ferns, euphorbias,and ground covers. Two exceptional trees arc a pair of Mediterranean fan palms, one planted in the early days of the Zoo. The other palm was donated in the mid-1990s by comedian and local resident. Dennis Miller. As the Zoo con tinues to develop, more and more specimen plants are added, as these horticultural as pects arc important components of each new and renovated exliibit.

The Qiraffk with the Crooked Neck The African Vbldt development was the largest in Zoo history. Covering over an acre, it opened the east slope of the Zoo for the first time. The exhibit, visible from Cabrillo Boulevard, opened in 1987 featur ing two female and one male Baringo gi raffe, a group of African crowned cranes, two ground hornbills and two Marabou storks. The large barn was especially de signed for tall residents. Keepers can feed the animals in elevated troughs from the second floor of the building. This project was funded through the generosity of an anonymous donor.

One giraffe. Gemina, one of the three original animals, has become famous for her crooked neck. No one knows for sure why she has a crooked neck. She was born in 1986; her condition has been pro gressive since the age of two and is now quite severe. Because of the dangers in anesthetizing giraffes, she has never been x-rayed. But the condition has not in terfered with her ability to give birth (she produced an offspring in 1999), cat nor mally or interact with the herd. Al though it is believed chat her prognosis is a reduced life span, she continues to thrive in her veldt environment.

One year after Gemina produced her

19 offspring—on Mother's Day—the other lemale gave birth on Valentine’s Day. These two youngsters have brought the total number of giraffes in the herd to five.

Family Fun The Zoo has always been a favorite spot for family fun and may be easily toured in the course of a day. One of Santa Barbara’s favorite fun days, Zoo-B-Que, debuted in 1972 and is an example of an other great partnership. The Auxiliary was a volunteer group that banded together to put on this great fundraising event for the Zoo. For twenty-eight years the Auxiliary organized a large group of dedicated vol unteers to barbecue and serve the tri-tip, cook the beans, butter the bread, mix the salad, scoop the ice cream, and pour the beverages. It was the community of Santa Barbara putting on a day-long bash for it self and helping the Zoo at the same time.

Over time priorities and economics changed and interest began to wane. The Auxiliary voted to disband in 2002, though many of these volunteers remain involved in and supportive of current Zoo programs.

Some of the Zoo-B-Que-sponsored exhibits included the Gibbon Island. Anteater, Spur-Thighed Tortoise, Ruffed Le mur, Discovery Yard, Toco Toucan and others that have now been renovated or replaced. Zoo-B-Que even sponsored an extension of the electrical service in the Zoo to the hilltop. The final Zoo-B-Que was held in 2000 and benefited the reno vation of the elephant barn.

Another great partnership producing an incredible event is with the Santa Barbara Zoological Society. In the early 1980s ac tive members, includingjohn and Barbara Merritt and Herb and Barbara Peterson, saw a need to attract to the Zoo potential donors who supported Santa Barbara's arts

NOTICIAS

Ihe Santa Barbara Zoo has enjoyed great success with its breeding program ofgiant anteaters. Photograph by Connie Speight.

organizadons. Annual cocktail parties were held for their friends on Zoo grounds, in troducing the marvels of the Zoo to this group. They were so successful that the Zoological Society was formed, with Wil liam A. Brace elected its first President.

Bob Bryant, Judy Egenolf, Tamara Feller, Penelope Lent. Sue Wagner, and Betsy Turner, Everyone in Santa Barbara knows the City’s biggest party is Fiesta. No one is left out of the celebration in

Membership fees were much higher than regular memberships but there were many benefits, including invitation to Zoofari Ball, first held in 1986. The goal was to bring people to the Zoo who might not otherwise come, and show them a good time. In addition to introducing many good friends to the Zoo,the event has raised over half a million dollars for the Zoo between 1986 and 2002.

Past chairs of the Zoofari Ball have

cluding the Zoo. In 1993 the Zoo partnered with Old Spanish Days to throw a Fiesta party to honor Santa Barbara’s elected officials, Celebracion

included William Brace. Herb Peterson.

Peter Jordano. Jim Taylor, Gerd Jordano,

de Los Dignatarios. The event contin ues today and is a successful fundraiser for both organizations.

Another successful event chat contin ues today began in 1993 to celebrate El Dia del Nino, a national holiday in Mexico for children. Held on a Sunday in April, this is always the most heavily attended day of the year for the Zoo.In 2002 over six thou-

SANTA BARBARA ZOO sand people filled die hilkop area of the Zoo to listen to entertainment sponsored by lo cal radio station K.SPE. That is twice the normal attendance ot a busy Sunday.

Since 1981 the Zoo has been inviting its members over for dinner and entertain ment on a May evening to thank them for their support throughout the year. A bar becue dinner, music and dancing, fun and games, and lots of camaraderie make it a special evening every year. The Zoo cur rently has over 12,000 member households.

When the Zoo was first started, many active volunteer "I Built the Zoo-ers were given lifetime memberships for their efforts and contributions, and others purchased lifetime status for five hundred dollars.

Today Golden Memberships are not for sale and can only be earned through a minimum of five hundred hours of volunteer service.

First Impressions In forty years the Santa Barbara Zoo has unveiled four logos, and each has made a statement about the institution. The first two reflected the coastal location and ap preciation of nature. In 1984 local designer John Widmer crafted a striking new logo and a new message—a black and white ruffed lemur hanging from the top of a bluegreen triangle. Symbolically, the ruffed le mur was the first SSP-designated species to reproduce at the Zoo. This image re mained the Zoo’s logo for the next eigh teen years, reflecting the commitment to conservation. In 2003 the Zoo adopted a new logo depicting the silhouette of a palm tree and a giraffe to reflect the beautiful setting, the unity of plants and animals in nature, and the Zoo’s commitment to con serving nature.

Just as a logo makes a statement in print, a facility’s entrance should not only welcome guests but also create an image

21 about the Zoo. Creating that first impres sion has proved to be the Zoo’s most am bitious construction project to date, under taken in 1990 and another wonderful story and example of partnership, Norma Varden was an adoring Zoo fan (of birds in particular) and would visit of ten when her health permitted. Often the Zoo’s then-Dcvclopmcnt Director. Jean Heywood, would drive to Mrs. Varden’s Carpintcria home, pick her up, and then tour her through the Zoo in a wheelchair.

They became good friends and Mrs. Varden became a good friend of the Zoo. One day an upset Mrs. Varden ex plained that her landlord had ordered her to get rid of her beloved pet cat, Lovey.

Ted McToldridge offered to keep the cat with him and began to work on her land lord, Soon it was sorted out. and Lovey was allowed home. Mrs. Varden passed away soon alter, and the Zoo discovered she was full of surprises. It seems Mrs. Varden was an actress who had played the housekeeper in the movie TheSemndofMu sic. Her will asked McToldridge to provide Lovey’s care and in exchange she left the Zoo her entire estate, totaling approxi mately $750,000, the largest gift the Zoo had received up to that time. The Zoo still receives royalties in Mrs.Varden’s name whenever one of her movies is aired.

For a time. Lovey lived at the Zoo in a greenhouse attached to the Director’s of fice. McToldridge then located a couple that had just lost their dear pet and wanted to adopt a new friend. The Zoo paid for the cat’s food and veterinary care for the rest of its life and both Lovey and his new caretakers were delighted. Mrs. Varden’s generous bequest helped fund the construc tion of this entry complex project. A Barnaby Conrad sculpture of Lovey lies beneath the olive tree in the Zoo’s court yard. The plaque reads;

NOTICIAS

22 Tlie Sound ofT^usic When actress Norma Varden passed away in ip8g she entrusted the lifetime care ofhercherished cat "Lovey”tothe Zoo.She abo bequeathed her estate so thatfuture generations zviLl have the opportunity to love, respect and enjoy all animals as she did.

Phase Two of the entrance complex was construction of an admissions build ing, modeled on the Rio GrandeBarnsdahl gasoline station on Hollister Avenue, which was featured in the 1981 remake of the film, ^Ihe Postman Always Pings Twice. The complex was designed by architect Ed Lenvik of Lenvik and Mi nor, The Santa Barbara Zoological So ciety. under the leadership of President William A. Brace, funded the building and it was dedicated to Brace at a surprise party upon opening in 1991. and is fondly known as "the Brace Place.”

Lord and Lady Ridley-Tree have been dedi cated supporters of the Zoo since their marriage in 1988, and wanted to make a gift to the Zoo that would add to the Zoo’s continued financial stability. Their 1993 half million-dollar gift built the restaurant that now

The Santa Barbara Zoo was in the news in zooi over the adventure of five meerkats, kttown as '"The Santa Barbara Five.”

Photograph by Erica Johnson.

grosses over $600,000 per year, and the building chat houses die gift shop (ground floor) and executive oHicc (second floor). The partnership with the Ridlcy-Trces is another example of what has built a strong foundation for this institution.

The entry courtyard served as the Zoo barnyard for its first thirty years. A fa vorite for children, it offered the chance to pet the goats and interact with chickens, rabbits, and even a pig and a donkey. Wliile the courtyard's buildings were being built, a new barnyard, the Discovery Area, was built on the site of the old playground.

Guests can still feed the sheep and spend time with the guinea pigs, a rabbit and two potbelly pigs. A new playground was in stalled with modern play equipment and a handicap-accessible surface in 1994. When

SANTA BARBARA ZOO

23

Jane Goodall visited the Zoo in 2002, a

The Story 0/Shy 7v[ax

wonderful mural celebrating the tree of life was painted by local children on the back wall of the playground—a reminder of the

In 1985, an urgent message to all AZA accredited facilities from William

involvement of children in protecting the environment and the interest they have in conserving the natural world.

Thc Discovery Area barn was reno

Conway, Chair of the Gorilla Species Survival Plan, urged zoos across the na tion CO make a commitment to work for

vated into a gift shop featuring child-ori ented gifts and souvenirs. Bob Bryant felt the same way the Ridley-Trees did, and funded this conversion to help develop rev enue within the Zoo.

the salvation of the highly endangered lowland gorilla. McToldridge heard that message and planning for what became The Forest’s Edge began shortly there after. A bequest provided initial funding, but the building permit was cabled in

Phase Four was the building housing the public restrooms. It is also the em ployee lounge chat is accessed from be hind-the-scenes.

1990 due to a severe drought and cough development restrictions.

In the wild, gorillas live in groups with one dominant male "silverback,” several

Lenvik’s plan for the front courtyard area was for visitors entering the Zoo CO cross the swan lake bridge and enter what appears to be a Central American or Mexican village courtyard, filled with pink-coned buildings chat arc not new, but have apparently been built over time.

The employees got into the spirit and named their rest area, funded by the Zoological Society, The Flamingo Lounge. The public restroom project was, not surprisingly, one of the Zoo’s most successful annua campaign projects with members showing over whelming support for construction of

females, and their offspring. Once young males begin to mature they move off from

this portion of the building.

The final addition replaced the Ad ministration Building with a new struc ture featuring state-of-the-art teller and security functions as well as administra tive, development and membership of fices. The building was dedicated in 1997 CO Peter Jordano, Zoological Society President at the time and a generous sup porter. The entire courtyard area is now called the McToldridge Administrative Center in honor of Director Emeritus, Ted McToldridge.

the group and form "bachelor troops" where they live until they are mature enough to challenge an older silverback and take over his group. In zoos, gorillas gen erally produce fifty percent of each gen der. There is a need for some facilities to replicate the bachelor troops found in the wild. The Santa Barbara Zoo fills this role in the gorilla species survival plan.

In 1994 the Hnal plans were completed, the permit was obtained and ground was broken near the giraffe barn.Zoo staff built the exhibit in-house, with McToldridge do ing much ol it himself.

Working with the gorilla SSP, the Zoo selected Max,a 28-year old silverback from the Topeka Zoo. Born in the Dallas Zoo, at age six months he was sold to the To peka Zoo. On a breeding loan to Denver he showed no interest in the females - in fact. Max never showed interest in other gorillas at all, in being outside, or in social izing. The SSP felt he might be a good patriarch for a bachelor troop.

Transferring Max from Topeka to Santa Barbara was trickier chan first

24 thought. Only the very largest planes had cargo hatches large enough to accommo date the crate, but no airline Hew those planes from Topeka, So Zoo staff Hew to St. Louis, rented a large van, picked up Max in Topeka and drove him non-stop back to Santa Barbara. Max was anesthetized, given a physical, loaded into a crate chat was loaded into the van, and given a rever sal for the drug. Three Zoo staff members and one from Topeka took turns driving and sleeping and made the forty-hour jour ney across the country. All survived the ordeal quite well.

After two years and a budget of $750,000, The Forest’s Edge opened in June 1996 on schedule and on budget. Thou sands of people lined up to catch a glimpse of Max in his new habitat—Max still did not like being out side—even in this fancy new exhibit he had all to himself. He remained close by the door CO his indoor space and safely on the familiar stone work. He would not —and will not to this day—venture far outside. Staff mounted cameras and video monitors so visitors could see Max up close even chough he would not travel to the viewing windows.

Six months later two young, halt-sib ling gorillas were shipped from Buffalo to join Max. The five-year olds were small enough to travel freight on a smaller plane and were met by Zoo staff upon arrival at Los Angeles International Airport. After quarantine was completed the introduction process began, A few weeks later Max had learned to tolerate Goma and Kivu's pres-

NOTICIAS encc and ulcimaccly the three socialized as a bachelor troop. Unlike their silvcrback mentor, the two young "blackbacks” can be seen throughout the exhibit.

Today Goina and Kivu have grown.

Max docs not respond particularly well to sharing space with these big boys, so now he spends most of his time in his spacious indoor den. There he feels comfortable, but he still interacts with the boys in the inte rior holding space, where they arc sepa rated by wire mesh.

Foryears tlie tanurserved os the caiterpiece ojthe Zoo’s logo. Photograph by Jim Frank,

SANTA BARBARA ZOO Anteaters and TAeerkdts Santa Barbara has had its share of fa mous animals, but the Zoo is best-known within the zoo community for its success ful breeding program with giant anteaters.

In tact, "Grandma" got her name as the longest-living anteater in North America.

These animals have not reproduced suc cessfully in too many places, but they seem to like Santa Barbara.

It is nearly impossible to determine from appearances that an anteater is pregnant.

She shared the night enclosure with the male and would give birth at night. The Santa Barbara Zoo initiated a research pro gram using ultrasound and behavioral protiles. and were able to predict when she would give birth from her behavioral "clues." It was also discovered that Grandma, though a good breeder, did not lactate properly so some offspring did not survive. It became possible to predict the birth and remove the infant for hand rearing right away; Grandma produced sev eral offspring this way in her lifetime. By the time she passed away in 2001, she had made a bountiful contribution to the giant anteater population in North America. Her passing was eulogized nationally on ESPN television during a University of Califor nia, Irvine basketball game. The Irvine mascot is the anteater.

Perhaps the most famous animals in the Zoo’s recent history arc the five meerkats that had an adventure in Texas in 2002.

Five male meerkats were loaned to a pri vate zoo in New Braunfels, Texas, in De cember 2000. The facility was not certi fied as a part of the AZA accreditation process, but was highly recommended as a reputable facility by several other AZA members. In August 2002 the Santa Bar bara Zoo became aware that the private zoo was having financial troubles and had

25 given up its US Department of Agricul ture license required for housing animals for exhibition.

The Zoo tried unsuccessfully to con tact the owner of the defunct lacility. Le gal counsel was contracted in nearby San Antonio and attempts were made to re cover the meerkats. When the sheriff served a search warrant, the owner claimed that the animals were stolen. He later changed his story and said that they were lost.

The story struck the public's fasci nation, and the Santa Barbara J^ews' Press carried story after story about the escapade, some even on the front page.

They have become known as "The Santa Barbara Five.'

Several months later the USDA located the animals with a private animal dealer, also in Texas. Shocked to learn that he had been sold the missing animals, the dealer cooperated in getting them to the San An tonio Zoo for a safe return to Santa Bar bara. The meerkats were deemed fit to travel and returned to Santa Barbara aboard a private plane on November 4, 2002.

Again, it was front-page news. After a quarantine period, they returned to a newly renovated exhibit that is now one of the most visited in the Zoo. Qreat Leaders All great organizations must have great leaders, and the Santa Barbara Zoo is no exception. Its leaders have shown vision and understanding in developing what is not only one of Santa Barbara's finest or ganizations but also one of the American Zoo and Aquarium Association’s proudest accredited members. There arc hundreds of "I Built the Zoo-ers" and hundreds more have supported and nourished the Zoo as it has grown. The following men and

NOTICIAS

26 women have served as president of the Santa Barbara Zoological Foundation since it was formed in 1961. Each of them was

ing a great legacy for the people of Santa Barbara.

In July 1998, Richard Block was named

supported by a dedicated group of Board

CEO /Zoo Director and was charged with

members who made significant contribu

leading the organization into the luture, A

tions ol time, assistance, money, and inkind services.

fundraising strategies were put in place.

new master plan was created and

Foundation Presidents:

Block has developed an excellent profes sional staff that is dedicated to the Zoo’s

Reuben J. Irvin (1962)

conservation mission and its future plans.

Arthur Hcnzell (1963-1965)

Strong partnerships have built the Santa

Arthur Locker (1966-1968)

Barbara Zoological Gardens over the past

j.J. Hollister 111(1969-1970)

forty years. Continued partnering with

Ralph McNall (1971-1973)

individuals and organizations within the

Robert Kallman (1974)

community,governmental institutions, and

Sal Aparicio, Sr.(1975-1976)

other zoos and aquariums around the na

Barbara Merritt(1977 - 1978)

tion and the world will work to strengthen

Herb Peterson (1979 - 1980)

the programs of the Santa Barbara Zoo and

Michael Simmons(1981 - 1982)

help it to reach future goals.

William Brace(1983 - 1984) Norman Rogoway(1984 partial term)

APPENDIX

Michael Marshall(1985 - 1986) Jean Pcrloff(1987 - 1988) Dale Hanst(1989- 1990)

Looking Ahead

Peter Jordano(1991 - 1993) James Taylor (1994 - 1996)

There are several projects currently in the devel

Fred Clough (1997)

opment process. An anonymous donation of stock, valued at nearly $5 million, has made many of these projects possible.

Steven Leider (1998 - 1999) Jack Overall(2000 - 2001) Fred Clough (2001 - 2003)

Due to the complex nature ofthe project deveU Perhaps the man who did the mosc co shape the Santa Barbara Zoo was Edward "Ted”

McToldridge.

Like

many,

McToldridge was a volunteer at the Zoo’s earliest beginnings. A local contractor, he enjoyed the creative challenge developing this community treasure. McToldridge was hired as Park Superintendent(title was later changed to Zoo Director) and led the or ganization through its early development while often caring for the animals and maintaining the grounds himself. It was his vision to make it a world-class zoo, and it is indeed. He retired in December 1997. leav-

opmerit process in Santa Barbara no exact dates have been attached to these projects, al though the Zoo expects to complete them by 2008.

● California condors are coming to the Santa Barbara Zoo. which will join the San Diego Wild Animal Park as the only facilities display ing these magnilicent. critically endangered creatures. ♦ In keeping with the Zoo’s commitment to its conservation programs, the Channel Island fox exhibit will be renovated and the Calitornia condor exhibit will be constructed adjacent to it. It is hoped these two projects will break ground in 2004. ● Tlie City ol Santa Barbara is reviewing plans

SANTA BARBARA ZOO

27 Vol. 14. No. 4.

Vol. 15. No. 4.

for a major educational facility, the Discovery Pavilion, to be located near the Zoo's entrance, which will house classrooms, open visitor space, private event space, and offices for education and animal care staff. ● In 2003, the elephant yard and surrounding areas will be renovated to enlarge the animal space and create more accessible pathways. ♦ The Wave, a new food service facility, is planned for the hilltop area, providing guests with food options—without having to return to the entrance courtyard restaurant. ● Also planned is the addition of a new service area, located by the service entrance off Cabrillo Boulevard. The service area will house grounds maintenance, construction and railroad main tenance, storage, and offices. ● A tiger and Asian small-clawed otter habi tat is being designed by a zoo exhibit design firm in Seattle, Washington. The habitat will be located where the nocturnal hall and tropical aviary currently exist. This project

SANTA BARBARA ZOOLOGICAL GAR DENS,Zooj^sws Vol. 18, No. 4 Vol. 25, No. 4.

Vol. 20, No. 2 Vol. 26. No. 1.

Vol. 21, No. 2 Vol. 27, No. 1.

Vol. 21. No. 4 Vol. 27. No. 3.

Vol. 22, No. 1 Vol. 28. No. 3.

Vo!. 23, No. 3 Vol. 30, No. 3.

Vol. 25, No. 1 Vol. 31, No. 4.

Vol. 25, No. 2 Vol. 32. No. 1.

Notes of Barbara Grisham, Santa Barbara Zoologi cal Gardens. 1996.

Notes of Jean Hcyu'oixl. Santa Barbara Zoological Gardens. 2003.

Notes of Arthur Locker. Santa Barbara Zoological Gardens. 1963-1990.

SantaBarharaNewS'Press, 29January 1963.

Ronald Nye,PHR Environmental Consultants, Inc. to Richard Block, Santa Barbara Zoological Gar dens, 8 May 2001.

is several years in the future and will require a fundraising campaign.

"Vp-dose and personal"encounters are not un~

SOURCES CHILD ESTATE FOUNDATION By-Laws, February 1, 1961 Board of Directors, Minutes July 6, 1961 September 24. 1963 January 8, 1964 January 27, 1964 January 15. 1969 SANTA BARBARA ZOOLOGICAL FOUNDA TION Board ot Directors. Minutes August 25, 1982 March 23, 1983 December 4, 1997 January 10, 2001 SANTA BARBARA ZOOLOGICAL GAR DENS, Z(X}'Logic Vol. 2. No. 1.

Vol. 2. No. 3.

Vol. 3, No, 2.

Vol. 5. No. 1.

Vol. 9, No. 2.

Vol. 11, No. 1.

Vol. 13, No. 1.

common at the Zoo. Photograph by Victoria

DeVoe.

The Santa Barbara Historical Society wishes CO acknowledge the generous support of

Mn* anb Mrs, Chontes CteeK

towards the publication of this issue of

SANTA BARBARA HISTORICAL SOCIETY 2002 MAJOR CONTRIBUTORS Tic Santa Barbara Historical Society wishes to thank and to acknowledge with pride the following individuals and institutions for their generous contributions in 2002: GRAND PATRONS

BENEFACTORS

David & Melissa Dvorak

(S25.000 and above) Lawrence & Astrid Hammett Harold A. Parma Estate

($500 to $999) Glen & Eleanor Adams

Edwards-Pitman Architects Elderhostcl

Smith-Walker Foundation PRESIDENTS CIRCLE ($10,000 to $24,999) Alice Tweed Tuohy Foundation Janeway Foundation Nichols Foundation

Robert & Sally Arthur Louise Duque Brandt John & Patricia Broome Heda Carpenter Marjorie Chancy Charles Bloom Foundation Robert A. Chick

Leni Fc Bland Frank & Elizabeth Lee Ferry Katherine K. Caspar Priscilla K. Giesen Richard & Kay Glenn Jean Smith Goodrich Frank & Patricia Goss

James & Laura Ebright Tie Ann Jackson Family Foundation R. M.& Adrienne Edmonston Harold & Diana Frank Rose Ann Hill MAJOR BENEFACTORS

Antony & Linda Harbour Thomas & Eleanor Harriman

(($5,000 to $9,999) Benjamin & Ruth Hammett

Richard E. Hughes Eric P. Hvolb0ll

John & Josephine Hunter

William E. Weiss Foundation, Inc.

Marc F. Jones

PATRONS

Stewart & Loui.se MacDougall Roland & Dolores Messori

Philip & Colleen Kirst ($1,000 to $4,999) Stewart & Katherine Abercrombie

Warren & Marlene Miller

V. K. Atkins. Jr.

Jane Rich Mueller

J. W & Helene Beaver

Chapin & Cynthia Nolen Donald & Jane Patterson

Philip & Leslie Bernstein Charles & Patricia deck Janet Milligan Crary Roy E. Crummer Foundation Roy & Elizabeth Edwards Joe & Maria Fazio Gordon & Constance Fish Harry & Leslie Hovcv Derk & Fredcrika Idunter

J. Edward &; Plattie Quest Kenneth & Mary Louise Riley Dorothy B. Roberts

E. A. Hartleld & Beverly Barrv Arthur & Marilyn HolT Italian Cultural Heritage Foundation Josiah & Karen Jenkins J. Blake & Ann Kcxplli Shelagh Scoville Kresser Frances D. Larkin Dorothy Lemclson Jean T Leonard Henry & Joan Levy Robert & Wanda Livernois Dean & Melinda Mars Lee McGrath

Edgar & Janet Sands Santa Barbara Bank & Trust

John & Barbara Merritt Donn L. Miller Dan Olson

Teresa Wagstaf Sicbert Robin & Stefani Taliaferro

John & Harriet Pitman Alexander & Hcloise Power

Vcnoco. Inc.

Alex & Linda Livadas Carrie Bell McFie

Mr.& Mrs. Joseph Yzurdiaga

Robert & Nancy Power Rancho San Marcos Golf Course

Hugh & Ann Rhett Merrill

SPONSORS

Michael & Joann Rodrigue Frank Schipper Construction

Nett & Champion Insurance Lord & Lady Ridley-Trec

($250 to $499) David H. Andenson

F. Michael Rogers The Rord Foundation

J. W & Marjorie Bailey Dora B. Bradley Kathleen Brewster

Santa Barbara Car Company Richard & Robin Schutte Vanguard Capital Jerry Solomon Starbuck, Tisdale & Associates Tenet Healthcare Foundation Mr. & Mrs. William Tenuity Donald & Jo Beth Van Gclderen Vos Family Foundation Elizabeth S. Youker

Ernest & Gloria Bryant Catherine Butts Mary Louise Case Louise Clarke Timothy & Lani Collins Ben & Betty J. Conway Edward & Nancy Cudahy Oswald tx Kathleen Da Ros Daniel John Dc Meyer M(41y W Dolle Larrv Donovan

Arent & Jean Schuyler Bruce & Barbara Scollin Ruth Brcxjks Scollin Eleanor Simpson Kim Smith Molly M. Smith Jon & Mary Standlee Frank & Kay Stevens Hugh & Mary Thorson L. David & Patricia Tisdale William & Barbara Tomicki Carol L. Valentine Albert & Cicely Wlicelon Shirley A. Wilson Jonathan & Eileen Winters

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NOTICIAS Quarterly Magazine of the Santa Barbara Historical Society 136 E. Dc la Guerra Street Santa Barbara, Calilornia 93101

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CONTENTS Pg. 1: Santa Barbara Zoo