The aim of safety working is to avoid accidents  Accidents lead to losing and affect environment  It is better to be proactive

Causes of Accident  Actions  Surroundings

Danger in Laboratory  Chemicals  Electricity  Equipments/ Instruments

Chemical Hazards  Flammable chemicals  Reactive chemicals  Toxic chemicals  Incompatible chemicals  Corrosive & irritant chemicals

Chemical Hazards Flammable chemicals Any substance that will burn if exposed to an open flame.

• Solid flammable: Zn powder, Phosphorus, etc. • Liquid flammable: Ethanol, Acetone, etc. • Gas flammable: O2, H2 , etc

Chemical Hazards Reactive chemicals  inherently unstable and susceptible to rapid decomposition  can react alone  with other substances in a violent uncontrolled manner  liberating heat  toxic gases  leading to an explosion

Chemical Hazards Reactive Chemicals Explosive: substance/ mixture of substances that when initiated by heat, light, friction, impact, or detonation undergoes a rapid chemical reaction giving off large volumes of hot gases. perchlorate, chlorate Air-sensitive: react with O2, CO and CO2 in the air.

Chemical Hazards Reactive Chemicals

Oxidizing agents: present fire and explosion hazards on contact with organic compounds and other oxidizable substances.

Water-sensitive: react violently with water, produce flammable hydrogen gas that can then ignite

Chemical Hazards Toxic/Poison Chemicals A substance that can lead to death if inhaled, ingested, or absorbed by skin.

Poison Symptoms Acute attack : Itchy, vertigo Benzene

Chronic :Pneumonia, Anemia and death

Chlorine : Lung destroyed

Chemical Hazards Incompatible Chemicals when mixed, can cause a variety of adverse reactions including: •Heat Generation •Fire •Explosion •toxic/flammable gas generation

Incompatible Chemicals CHEMICAL

INCOMPATIBILITY

Acetic acid

Chromic acid, nitric acid, hydroxyl compounds, ethylene glycol, perchloricacid, peroxides, permanganates

Acetone

Concentrated nitric and sulfuric acid mixtures

Acetylene

Chlorine, bromine, copper, fluorine, silver, mercury

Alkali and alkaline earth metals (Li, Na, K)

Water, carbon tetrachloride or other chlorinated hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide, halogens, powdered metals (e.g.,aluminum or magnesium)

Chemical Hazards Corrosive & Irritant Chemicals  Corrosive : A substance that can destroy or burn living tissue and eat away at other material.

 Irritant : A substance that cause inflammation upon contact with skin or mucous membranes.

Chemical Hazards Corrosive & Irritant Chemicals Concentrated Acid: HNO3, H2SO4 , HF, Concentrated Base: NaOH, NH4OH, Dehydrating: H2SO4, CaO, NaOH,

etc.

etc.

etc.

Oxidizing agent: Permanganate, Peroxide , etc.

Corrosive & Irritant Chemicals Chemical Burning • First degree

Corrosive & Irritating Chemicals Chemical Burning • Second degree

Corrosive & Irritating chemicals Chemical Burning • Third degree

Corrosive & Irritating chemicals

Any substance that can cause harm, primarily to people.

Electricity

Electricity  Electric shock  Short circuit

Electricity

Equipments/ Instruments

Equipments/ Instruments The Instruments that have dangerous point and turning point

CAUTION

Equipments/ Instruments

Other Dangers Radioactive Radiation Magnetic field High pressure gas Biological

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