-3ﺍﺳﺘﺨﻼﺹ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﳌﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻋﻠﻤﺖ ﺃﻥ 2 = :ﺩﺝ : )(2 × 100% = 0.05% 4000
ﺇﺫﻥ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﳌﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺜﻠﻰ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺟﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻳﻞ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺗﻘﺪﱘ ﺇﻋﺎﻧﺔ ﻗﺪﺭﻫﺎ 2ﺩﺝ ﻫﻲ 5085ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺔ.
= ∗ 100%
4000
1 .0409 × 4885 = 5085
ﺍﳉﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ---------------------------------: ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻭﻧﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﺴﻌﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﻌﻮﻳﺾ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ﳒﺪ: ∆ 10 ∆ ⇒ = −200 −2 1000 −2
= ⇒ −2
∆ ∆
=
⇒ ∆ = +400
ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﻄﻠﺐ ﺍﳌﺘﻮﻗﻊ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ: + (∆ ) = 1000 + (+400) = 1400
=
ﺍﳉﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ--------------------------------: -1ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﻠﺔ ﺍﳊﺠﻢ ﳍﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ :ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ: • : + = 1ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺎﺝ ﺫﺍﺕ ﻏﻠﺔ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ ،ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﻨﺘﺠﺔ ﺗﺘﻐﲑ ﺑﻨﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺘﻐﲑ ﺎ ﲨﻴﻊ ﻣﺪﺧﻼﺕ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺎﺝ. • : + > 1ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺎﺝ ﺫﺍﺕ ﻏﻠﺔ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻣﺘﺰﺍﻳﺪﺓ ،ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﻨﺘﺠﺔ ﺗﺘﻐﲑ ﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺃﻛﱪ ﻣﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺘﻐﲑ ﺎ ﲨﻴﻊ ﻣﺪﺧﻼﺕ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺎﺝ. • : + < 1ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺎﺝ ﺫﺍﺕ ﻏﻠﺔ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ،ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﻨﺘﺠﺔ ﺗﺘﻐﲑ ﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺃﻗﻞ ﻣﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺘﻐﲑ ﺎ ﲨﻴﻊ ﻣﺪﺧﻼﺕ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺎﺝ. 42