The 37 Annual Technology Conference of The National Organization for the Professional Advancement of Black Chemists and Chemical Engineers

Conference Program Book

Atlanta Marriott Marquis Hotel

TABLE OF CONTENTS Welcome Letters Hotel Layout

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xii

Conference Sponsors

Conference at a Glance

NOBCChE Endowment Education Fund Program Schedule (Detailed) NOBCChE 2010 Career Fair Exhibitors Forum and Workshop Abstracts Conference Speakers National Conference Planning Committee National Conference Planning Committee Subcommittees

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59 71 97 98

CITY OF ATLANTA KASIMREED

55 TRINITY AVE, S.W ATLANTA, GEORGIA 30335D300

MAYOR TEL (404) 330.6100

March 29, 2010 Dr. Victor McCrary President NOBCChE P.O. Box 77040

Washington, DC 20013-77480

Greetings: As Mayor of Atlanta, it is my pleasure to welcome the National Organization for the Professional Advancement of Black Chemists and Chemical Engineers (NOBCChE), as you celebrate your 37th Annual NOBCChE Conference. Throughout the years, NOBCChE has been committed to preparing a future generation of young minorities for careers in science and technology. This year's event, "NOBCChE 2010 Sustainability" provides a unique occasion for leading members ofNOBCChE to come together, network, and actively exchange ideas in a profound way, focusing on Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM). Your diligence and commitment to promoting excellence in leadership, knowledge and networking awareness enriches the lives of NOBCChE members and ignites their desire to become leaders in the global community. We salute your efforts and endeavors to mold and support our future leaders. While in our city, we encourage first time visitors to explore the many attractions Atlanta has to offer including: the Martin L. King Jr. Center, the Apex Museum, Underground Atlanta, the Georgia Aquarium, the World of Coca-Cola, CNN Center, Centennial Olympic Park, Woodruff Arts Center, Atlanta Botanical Garden, Children's Museum of Atlanta and many more. We invite you to share in our southern hospitality, sample cuisine at our many fme restaurants and enjoy the rich and diverse heritage of our city. On behalf of the people of Atlanta, I extend best wishes to you for a memorable and remarkable event! Sincerely,

Mayor

February 16, 2010

Greetings National Organization for the Professional Advancement of Black Chemists and Chemical Engineers (NOBCChE) from the Atlanta Convention and Visitors Bureau! We are delighted to welcome NOBCChE to Atlanta. I would like to personally wish you and your attendees a successful and enjoyable stay in our great city. Atlanta boasts a variety of new developments aimed at enhancing the experience of our visitors. The Georgia Aquarium opened in late 2005 and is the largest and most elaborate in the nation with more than 100,000 fish and mammals in over 8 million gallons of water. The new World of Coca-Cola relocated and expanded to a new 75,000 sq. ft. attraction adjacent to the Aquarium. Combined, these new facilities have attracted close to 10 million visitors in the past three years. The High Museum of Art also opened a new wing in 2005, doubling its size, and launched an unprecedented partnership with the Louvre Museum in Paris. Looking ahead, Atlanta will open the Civil and Human Rights Museum at Centennial Park in 2012 and the National Health Museum in 2013. These are just a few of the exciting things that are taking place in Atlanta. World-class restaurants, a festive nightlife, four major league sports teams and an abundance of cultural attractions and events make our city the epicenter of entertainment in the South. Our diverse restaurants feature cuisine from around the globe prepared by renowned chefs and served in an endless array of ambience and dĂŠcor. Atlanta is truly an international city! We know that the facilities, accessibility, and an exciting destination are important considerations for the 2010 NOBCChE Annual Conference. Let me assure you that Atlanta offers the best in each of these categories. Once again, we extend a warm southern hospitality welcome to you and your attendees. We wish you a successful conference and hope you will consider returning to Atlanta in the future.

Sincerely,

William Pate President & CEO Atlanta Convention & Visitors Bureau

N BCChE National Organization for the Professional Advancement of Black Chemists and Chemical Engineers ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF President Victor McCrary, Ph.D. Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Labs Baltimore, MD

Dear NOBCChE 2010 Conferees: I would like to welcome you to Atlanta, Georgia, and the 37th NOBCChE Annual Conference of the National Organization for the Professional Advancement of Black Chemists and Chemical Engineers, (NOBCChE). This year’s conference promises to be our most exciting and rewarding one yet, and I especially welcome the new student and professional members. For more than 40 years, NOBCChE has been recognized as one of the world’s truly great student and professional organizations. It has drawn men and women from across the country to meet, network, and exchange ideas that have had an important imprint on the growth and development of its members, the academy, and the disciplines of chemistry, chemical engineering, and other STEM fields. Various National Science Foundation reports have documented a decline in the number of BS graduates in STEM fields over the past ten years. During this period, a concerted national effort to improve participation by minorities and other underrepresented groups has shown some progress; however, in most STEM fields, minorities remain underrepresented. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics data indicate that the white male population, who has traditionally filled the U.S. employment needs, as a percentage of overall population, is declining and will continue to decline in the future. Therefore, there is a need to increase the available pool of minorities, who will be able to assume positions in the STEM fields. NOBCChE’s mission “to build an eminent cadre of people of color in science and technology” is certainly designed to help address this very important national need. This year’s theme “Sustainability in Science, Engineering and Policy and Next Generation Technologies in Science and Engineering” offers students and other experts the opportunity to make presentations on a variety of germane issues. The conference and its host city promise an engaging and successful experience in Atlanta during the week of the conference. I thank you for your continued support and attendance at NOBCChE’s Annual Technology Conferences

Sincerely,

Perry Catchings, Sr. MS, MBA, Vice Chair Prime Organics, Inc. Woburn, MA Ella Davis, BS NOBCChE Executive Director Center Square, PA Ronald Lewis II, Ph.D. Member at Large Pfizer, Inc. La Jolla, CA

Bobby L. Wilson, Ph.D., Chairman NOBCChE Executive Board

Bernice Green, BS, Member at Large Spelman College Atlanta, GA Sharon Kennedy, PhD, National Planning Chair Colgate Palmolive Cincinnati, OH Isiah Warner, Ph.D., Member at Large Louisiana State University Baton Rouge, LA Filomena Califano, PhD., Member at Large St. Francis College New York, NY

P.O. Box 77040 Washington, DC 20013-77480 800-776-1419

www.nobcche.org

N BCChE

National Organization for the Professional Advancement of Black Chemists and Chemical Engineers ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF President Victor McCrary, Ph.D. Johns Hopkins Physics Labs Baltimore, MD

March 2010 Victor R. McCrary, Ph.D. NOBCChE National President Welcome to Atlanta! The mission of NOBCChE is to build an eminent cadre of people of color in science and technology. The theme for this year’s Annual Meeting is “Sustainability”, and it aligns well with the mission of our organization. According to the Department of Energy, 40% of our Nation’s energy demand is for electrical power, but only 5% comes from renewable energy sources. For the Department of Defense, there is an urgent need to find new battery technologies that offer greater energy densities, performance, and decreased weight over the conventional 5590 lithium battery. Chemists, chemical engineers, and technologists from all disciplines are needed to develop sustainable green energy sources, advanced battery & energy storage platforms, and ecologically-friendly management of the natural resources for our Nation and the world. Therefore the concept of sustainability is also critical in ensuring there is a steady stream of professionals and students in the STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) disciplines to meet these global challenges.   

NOBCChE has programs that sustain the number of underrepresented minority K-12 students interested in science and technology. NOBCChE has programs that sustain the scientific research infrastructure in HBCUs/MIs such that students can go on to graduate school or enter the workforce with the skills and the confidence to bring forth new ideas and innovations. NOBCChE has programs that sustain our recognition of professionals, students, and government and industry leaders who support the mission and vision of NOBCChE by virtue of their technical accomplishments and demonstrated commitment towards helping others pursue successful careers in science and engineering.

We come together in Atlanta as that eminent cadre; a community of distinguished scientists and engineers as well as a future generation of technologists to celebrate the accomplishments of our organization and affirm our sustainable mission and vision. I invite you to attend our Town Hall where we will discuss the State of the Organization and our vision “NOBCChE 2012: Creating the Cadre – Science for All Americans”. We will present a plan for NOBCChE for the next two years; including highlights on our National Headquarters Initiative. Thanks to you all: our attendees, sponsors, members, advocates, and friends for your continued and sustained support of NOBCChE and its mission. Enjoy this year’s Annual Meeting and Atlanta; we look forward to seeing you again in Houston in 2011!!!

Vice-President John Harkless, Ph.D. Howard University Washington, DC Secretary Sharon J. Barnes, PhD, MBA/HRM The Dow Chemical Company Freeport, TX Treasurer Dale Mack, BS, RSO Morehouse School of Medicine Atlanta, GA National Student Representative Dedun Adeyemo, BS Ohio State University Columbus, OH Midwest Regional Chair Judson Haynes, Ph.D. The Procter and Gamble Company Mason, OH Northeast Regional Chair Tommie Royster, Ph.D. Eastman Kodak Rochester, NY Southeast Regional Chair James Grainger, Ph.D. Centers for Disease Control & Prevention Atlanta, GA Southwest Regional Chair Melvin Poulson, BS Schering-Plough Animal Health Baton Rouge, LA West Regional Chair Isom Harrison, BS, MS Lawrence Livermore Natl. Lab Livermore, CA EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Bobby Wilson, Ph.D. Chairman Texas Southern University Houston, TX Perry Catchings, Sr. MS, MBA, Vice Chair Prime Organics, Inc. Woburn, MA Ella Davis, BS NOBCChE Executive Director Center Square, PA Ronald Lewis II, Ph.D. Member at Large Pfizer, Inc. La Jolla, CA Bernice Green, BS, Member at Large Spelman College Atlanta, GA Sharon Kennedy, PhD, National Planning Co-Chair Colgate Palmolive Cincinnati, OH Isiah Warner, Ph.D., Member at Large Louisiana State University Baton Rouge, LA

Best Always, Victor R. McCrary

Dr. Filomena Califano, PhD., Member at Large St. Francis College New York, New York

P.O. Box 77040 Washington, DC 20013-77480 800-776-1419

www.nobcche.org

N BCChE

National Organization for the Professional Advancement of Black Chemists and Chemical Engineers ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF

Sandra K. Parker NOBCChE National Conference Chair It is with great anticipation that I welcome each of you to our 2010 national conference. I can say with confidence that we have something for everyone this year. Whether you’re a high school student or teacher, new graduate or working professional, this annual meeting will meet your expectations. We are excited to be in Atlanta as we celebrate Sustainability. We are introducing many new programs at this year’s conference with new sessions for our Professionals, and featuring a new Winifred Burks-Houck Women's Professional Leadership Symposium, dedicated in memory of a past National President of NOBCChE. We are also making a commitment as we move forward with future conferences to reach out into the Communities in which our conferences are held. This year we will be sending professionals from NOBCChE to targeted Middle and High Schools for presentations. Once again, we will have our Career Expo, where several companies, academic institutions and organizations will be available to discuss career choices and job opportunities. It’s a chance for all attendees to meet future employers and mentors -- undergraduate/graduate students preparing to enter the workforce or seek higher education, professionals who are looking for career changes, and high school students finalizing college choices and validating their educational goals with science or engineering. We exist primarily to support the process of preparing young people to excel academically and to pursue careers in science and technology. So, we thank all the registrants, sponsors and supporters of NOBCChE for making this conference a reality. Atlanta, lovingly known as HOTLANTA, a city where great civil rights activist come from and a state where GEORGIA IS ON MY MIND provides a wonderful backdrop for us to come together to commit to improving the skills we possess and forwarding the chemical profession. On a personal note, I have enjoyed chairing this National Conference for the last 3 years and will be handing over the baton to Sharon Kennedy, PhD with ColgatePalmolive. I’m confident she will take this conference to the next level with her leadership. Enjoy the conference! Sincerely,

President Victor McCrary, Ph.D. Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Labs Baltimore, MD Vice-President John Harkless, Ph.D. Howard University Washington, DC Secretary Sharon J. Barnes, PhD, MBA/HRM The Dow Chemical Company Freeport, TX Treasurer Dale Mack, BS, RSO Morehouse School of Medicine Atlanta, GA National Student Representative Dedun Adeyemo, BS Ohio State University Columbus, OH Midwest Regional Chair Judson Haynes, Ph.D. The Procter and Gamble Company Mason, OH Northeast Regional Chair Tommie Royster, Ph.D. Eastman Kodak Rochester, NY Southeast Regional Chair James Grainger, Ph.D. Centers for Disease Control & Prevention Atlanta, GA Southwest Regional Chair Melvin Poulson, BS Merck Animal Health Baton Rouge, LA West Regional Chair Isom Harrison, BS, MS Lawrence Livermore Natl. Lab Livermore, CA EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Bobby Wilson, Ph.D. Chairman Texas Southern University Houston, TX Perry Catchings, Sr. MS, MBA, Vice Chair Prime Organics, Inc. Woburn, MA Ella Davis, BS NOBCChE Executive Director Center Square, PA Ronald Lewis II, Ph.D. Member at Large Pfizer, Inc. La Jolla, CA Bernice Green, BS, Member at Large Spelman College Atlanta, GA Sharon Kennedy, PhD, National Planning Co-Chair Colgate Palmolive Cincinnati, OH Isiah Warner, Ph.D., Member at Large Louisiana State University Baton Rouge, LA

Sandra K. Parker

Filomena Califano, PhD., Member at Large St. Francis College New York, NY

P.O. Box 77040 Washington, DC 20013-77480 800-776-1419

www.nobcche.org

I think

a totally transformed hotel is a destination in itself.

Rediscover. Atlanta Marriott Marquis The Atlanta Marriott® Marquis welcomes the National Organization for the Professional Advancement of Black Chemists and Chemical Engineers and invites one and all to experience our destination hotel. The Spa and state-of-the-art Fitness Center. Five themed restaurants and lounges. A 50-foot color changing sail. Amazing skyline views. All just minutes from sporting venues and Atlanta attractions. Experience a hotel like you’ve never seen.

For reservations or to book your next event, call 404-521-0000 or visit atlantamarquis.com.

MHAM-153_resize.indd 1

2/24/10 3:02 PM

HOTEL LAYOUT

Lobby Level Meeting Rooms L505 L504

HOTEL LAYOUT

M301 M302 M303 M304

Marquis Level Meeting Rooms Imperial Ballroom M101 M103 M102 M104 M107 M105 M106 Marquis Ballroom

HOTEL LAYOUT

International Level Meeting Rooms Science Bowl Science Fair

Many backgrounds. Many cultures. Many perspectives.

One World. One Merck.

At Merck we embrace the individual differences each of us bring to the world. We believe that with the collective backgrounds, experiences and talents of our employees, anything can be conquered. It is those unique qualities that give us perspective to spark innovation and address unmet medical needs of people throughout the world. Our professional culture is one of diverse, collaborative and respectful individuals. Together we help deliver Merck medicines to those who need them, impacting lives all around the globe. If youâ€™re ready to find your place in the world of Merck, learn more about us and see employee video profiles at merckcareers.jobs/nobcche.

Merck is an equal opportunity employerâ€” proudly embracing diversity in all of its manifestations.

CONFERENCE SPONSORS

Our Sponsors Thank You for Contributing to the Overall Success of our conference – we salute you!

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3M American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) Agilent Technologies American Chemical Society Atlanta Metropolitan Chapter – NOBCChE Auburn University Boehringer Ingelheim Brazoria County Area Chapter – NOBCChE Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Cherokee Pharmaceuticals Colgate‐Palmolive Company Committee for Action Program Services (CAPS) Committee on the Advancement of Women Chemists (COACh) Corning Corporation Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) The Dow Chemical Company Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) DuPont Eastman Kodak Company 1

CONFERENCE SPONSORS Eli Lilly & Company Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Georgia Institut of Technology GlaxoSmithKline The Johns Hopkins University – Applied Physics Laboratory Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories The Lubrizol Corporation Merck & Company MIT Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Morehouse School of Medicine National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Norfolk State University Northeast Section – American Chemical Society National institute of Standards & Technologies (NIST) Office of Naval Research Procter & Gamble Roche University of Maryland College Park University Pennsylvania – Executive Masters of Technology Management Program (EMTM)

University of Washington CENTC, Seattle, WA Washington University in St. Louis Xavier University NSF Chemistry Division REU 2

CONFERENCE AT A GLANCE Date

Description

Day /Time Sunday, March 28

Room Event

Room Location

8:00 a.m. ‐ 4:00 p.m.

COACh Workshop: Professional Skills Training for Minority Graduate Students and Postdocs (registration required)

L504

8:00 a.m. ‐ 4:00 p.m.

COACh Workshop: Making Change: Being Strategic in Uncertain Waters (registration required)

L505

4:00 p.m. ‐ 6:00 p.m.

Conference Registration

Marquis Level

8:00 a.m. ‐ 4:00 p.m.

Conference Registration

Marquis Level

8:00 a.m. – 9:30 a.m.

NOBCChE Executive Board Meeting

M101

12:00 p.m. ‐ 1:30 p.m.

Henry Hill Luncheon Dr. Joseph Francisco, President, American Chemical Society, Guest Speaker (ticketed)

Imperial

2:00 p.m. ‐ 3:00 p.m.

Plenary 1 Opening Session

M301

Monday, March 29

3:30 p.m. ‐‐ 6:00 p.m.

3:30 p.m. ‐ 6:00 p.m..

Georgia Institute of Technology Technical Session

Technical Session 1: Organic Chemistry Georgia Institute of Technology Technical Session

Technical Session 2: Analytical and Environmental Chemistry

M102

M105

CONFERENCE AT A GLANCE 4:00 p.m. ‐ 6:00 p.m.

Award Symposium 1: The Winifred Burks‐ Houck Womenʹs Leadership Symposium: Women of Color Reshaping our Economy through Science

M106

6:00 p.m. ‐ 8:00 p.m.

Opening Reception

Skyline

Tuesday, March 30 7:00 a.m. ‐ 4:00 p.m. 8:00 a.m. ‐ 6:30 p.m. 8:30 a.m. ‐ 9:30 a.m.

Teachersʹ Workshop

M106 & 107

Conference Registration Plenary II: Percy Julian Lecture

Marquis Level M101

Corning Technical Session

9:45 a.m. ‐ 11:45 a.m.

Award Symposium 2: Henry McBay Outstanding Teacher Award Symposium: STEM Education

M101

Corning Technical Session

9:45 a.m. ‐ 11:45 a.m. 9:45 a.m. ‐ 11:45 a.m.

12:00 p.m. ‐ 1:30 p.m.

Technical Session 3: Chemical Engineering Corning Technical Sessions

Technical Session 4: Physical Chemistry Percy Julian Symposium & Luncheon (ticketed)

M102 M105

Imperial

Speaker: Dr. Michael Kassner, Office of Naval Research

1:45 p.m. ‐ 3:45 p.m.

Award Symposium 3: Lloyd Ferguson Young Scientist Award Symposium: Materials Chemistry

M101

1:45 p.m. ‐ 3:45 p.m.

Technical Session 5: Biochemistry

M105

1:45 p.m. ‐ 5:45 p.m.

1:45 p.m. ‐ 3:45 p.m.

Forensic Workshop: “The Chemistry of Crime” sponsored by the DEA, CBP and DHS Professional Development Workshop: ʺStand Out at a Professional Conferenceʺ sponsored by ACS and NOBCChE 4

M103 & M104

M102

CONFERENCE AT A GLANCE 4:00 p.m. ‐ 5:45 p.m. Technical Session 6: Next Generation Technologies

M105

Professional Development Workshop: 4:00 p.m. ‐ 5:45 p.m. “Here is What It Takes to Find a Job” sponsored by Procter & Gamble Professional Development Workshop: “Funding Opportunities for Students and 4:00 p.m. ‐ 5:45 p.m. Professionals“ sponsored by AAAS and NIST

M102

M109

5:00 p.m. ‐‐ 6:00 p.m.

Exhibitors Meeting

6:00 p.m. ‐ 8:00 p.m.

Exhibitorʹs Welcome Reception

Wednesday, March 31

7:00 a.m. ‐ 5:00 p.m.

Teacherʹs Workshop II

M106 & 107

7:00 a.m. ‐ 4:00 p.m.

Conference Registration

Marquis Level

7:30 a.m. – 8:45 a.m. 9:00 a.m. ‐ 5:00 p.m.

10:00 a.m. ‐ 12:00 p.m.

9:00 a.m. ‐ 11:00 a.m.

9:00 a.m. ‐ 10:00 a.m.

9:00 am. ‐‐ 11:00 a.m.

M303 M 301 & 302

Plenary III: NOBCChE Program Initiatives Breakfast (ticketed) CAREER FAIR EXPO

Collegiate Poster Set Up Chemistry & Chemical Engineering HBCU/MI Chairs Council Forum

Chemistry at the National Science Foundation: New Programs, Funding Opportunities and Outreach Professional Development Workshop: ʺAcademia: What Are Your Optionsʺ

10:00 a.m. ‐ 11:00 a.m.

Professional Development Workshop: ʺThe Internship: The Practice Field of Professional Trainingʺ

12:00 p.m. ‐ 1:00 p.m.

LUNCH ON YOUR OWN 5

Imperial Marquis Ballroom

Marquis Ballroom M302

M102

M105

M103 Hotel

CONFERENCE AT A GLANCE Science Competition Registration

1:00 p.m. ‐‐ ‐‐ 6:00 p.m.

Marquis Level

3:00 p.m. ‐ 5:00 p.m.

Professional Development Workshop: ʺAn Introduction to Project Managementʺ

M102

3:00 p.m. ‐ 5:00 p.m.

Professional Development Workshop: ʺHermannʹs Whole Brain Thinking Model ‐ Understand Thinking Styles.ʺ

M103

Professional Development Workshop: ʺFinancial Strategies: Your Professional STEMulus Packageʺ

3:00 p.m. ‐ 5:00 p.m.

3:00 p.m. ‐ 5:00 p.m. 4:00 p.m. ‐ 5:00 p.m. 6:00 p.m. ‐ 8:30 p.m.

M105

Collegiate Scientific Exchange Poster Session sponsored by Colgate Palmolive Science Bowl/Fair Volunteers’ Meeting Science Competition Opening Meeting and Dinner

Marquis Ballroom Imperial Imperial

8:30 p.m. ‐‐ 9:00 p.m.

Science Fair Poster setup

International level

Thursday, April 1

7:30 a.m. ‐ 9:30 a.m.

Science Fair Judging

International level

8:00 a.m. ‐ 1:00 p.m

Conference Registration Award Symposium 4: Undergraduate Research Competition Program Professional Development Workshop: ʺMaking an Impact on Your Research Project: Lessons from the Benchʺ

8:00 a.m. ‐ 10:00 a.m.

9:00 a.m. ‐ 11:00 a.m.

9:00 a.m. ‐‐ 10:00 a.m.

Meeting with Atlanta Middle and High School Students 6

Marquis Level M101

M102

International B

CONFERENCE AT A GLANCE 10:00 a.m.‐ 12:30 p.m.

Georgia Institute of Technology Tour and Panel Discussion

(off‐site)

10:00 a.m. ‐‐ 5:00 p.m.

Science Fair Public Viewing

International level

11:00 a.m. ‐12:00 p.m.

Plenary IV: Nigerian Society of Chemical Engineers Presentation

M101

10:00 a.m. ‐ 4:00 p.m.

Science Bowl Competitions: Junior Division++ sponsored by Agilent Technologies and ACS Department of Diversity Programs

International level

10:00 a.m. ‐ 4:00 p.m.

Science Bowl Competitions: Senior Division++ sponsored by Agilent Technologies and ACS Department of Diversity Programs

International level

12:00 p.m. ‐‐ 1:00 p.m.

LUNCH ON YOUR OWN

1:00 p.m. – 4:00 p.m.

Award Symposium 5: Milligan Competition

M104

1:00 p.m. ‐ 5:00 p.m.

Technical Session 7: ʺGlobal Sustainability Symposium in Science, Engineering and Policyʺ sponsored by NOBCChE, AiChE and NSChE

M106

1:00 p.m. ‐ 3:00 p.m.

Professional Development Workshop: ʺHermann’s Whole Brain Thinking Model – Understand Thinking Stylesʺ

M103

Sponsored by Procter & Gamble

Presenter:

Martha White‐Warren, Procter & Gamble, Associate Director of Human Resources

Wednesday, p.m.

Presenter:

Wednesday, p.m.

Professional Development Workshop: 3:00 p.m. ‐ 5:00 p.m. ʺFinancial Strategies: Your Professional STEMulus Packageʺ Derry L. Haywood, II, The Peninsula Financial Group

Collegiate Scientific Exchange Poster Session 3:00 p.m. ‐ 5:00 p.m. sponsored by Colgate Palmolive

M105

Marquis Ballroom

Posters (ʺTITLE,ʺ Presenter, Co‐Author(s), Affiliation “CACTUS MUCILAGE: TOWARD AN ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY ALTERNATIVE TO REMOVE ARSENIC FROM DRINKING WATER” Dawn I. Fox1, Thomas Pichler2, Daniel H. Yeh3, and Norma A. Alcantar1 1Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620 2Geosciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany 3Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of South Florida Tampa, FL 33620 “INCREASED LIGHT EXTRACTION OF INASGASB LIGHT EMITTING DIODE THROUGH WET CHEMICAL ETCHING” Deandrea Leigh Watkins1*, Jonathon Olesberg1, Thomas Boggess2, and Mark Arnold1 Departments of Chemistry1 and Physics2, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52246 31

PROGRAM SCHEDULE 3

“MICROFLUIDIC DEVICES TO DETERMINE THE EFFICACY OF USING SURFACE BOUND EARLY TRANSITION METAL COMPLEXES IN THE SILYLCYANATION OF ALDEHYDES” DeWayne D. Anderson, Wayne Tikkanen*, Frank A. Gomez Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University‐‐Los Angeles, 5151 State University Drive, Los Angeles, CA 90032 “TRIPLE QUADRUPOLE MASS SPECTROMETRIC FRAGMENTATION OF SELECTED ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING CHEMICALS: A STUDY OF FRAGMENTATION MECHANISMS OF HORMONAL STEROIDS” Elizabeth I. Adeyemi*, Victor M. Ibeanusi, Yassin A. Jeilani Spelman College, Environmental Science and Studies Program, Atlanta, GA 30087 “IDENTIFICATION OF 15N ISOTOPE‐ LABELED CARBOXYL CONTAINING METABOLITES PRESENT IN HUMAN URINE BY TWO DIMENSIONAL HYDROPHILIC INTERACTION CHROMATOGRAPHY (HILIC) AND NMR TECHNIQUES” Emmanuel Appiah‐Amponsah*, Kwadwo Owusu‐Sarfo, Tao Ye, G.A Nagana Gowda and Daniel Raftery Purdue University, Department of Chemistry, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907 “RESEARCHING THIN‐FILM ELECTRODE DYNAMICS THROUGH RUTHERFORD BACKSCATTERING” Olajide Banks and Kenneth Brown* Department of Chemistry, Hope College, Holland MI “SOLID TISSUE PHANTOMS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF INSTRUMENTATION FOR NONINVASIVE RAMAN TOMOGRAPHIC INVESTIGATION OF BONE GRAFT OSSEOINTEGRATION IN ANIMAL MODELS” Paul I. Okagbare*, Francis W. L. Esmonde‐White, Kathryn A. Dooley and Michael D. Morris Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109 “A COMPARATIVE IN VITRO STUDY OF THE DEHALOGENATION PRODUCTS OF BROMINATED‐ AND IODATED‐DNA UPON UVA EXPOSURE USING MASS SPECTROMETRY AND HPLC” Renee T. Williams and Yinsheng Wang* University of California, Riverside, Chemistry Department, Riverside, CA 92521‐0403 “WETTING STUDIES FOR ALKYL BONDED PHASES USING CONFOCAL MICROSCOPY” Reygan M. Freeney*1, Mark A. Lowry2, and M.Lei Geng1 1University of Iowa, Department of Chemistry and the Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute, Iowa City, IA 52242 32

PROGRAM SCHEDULE Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803

“ULTRAFAST AND SENSITIVE BIOASSAYS USING METAL‐ENHANCED LUMINESCENCE, MICROWAVES AND ELECTRICALLY SMALL SPLIT RING RESONATOR ANTENNAS” Sarah Addae1, Melissa Pinard1, Humeyra Caglayan2, Deniz Caliskan2, Ekmel Ozbay, Ph.D.2 and Kadir Aslan, Ph.D.*, 1 1 Morgan State University, Department of Chemistry, Baltimore, MD, 21251, USA. 2 Bilkent University, Nanotechnology Research Center, Ankara, 06680, TURKEY “INSULIN DETECTION BASED ON TRANSITION METAL COMPLEXES” Toni K. Thornton and Waldemar Gorski* The University of Texas at San Antonio, Department of chemistry, San Antonio, TX “PRINCIPAL COMPONENT DIRECTED PARTIAL LEAST SQUARES ANALYSIS FOR COMBINING NMR AND MS DATA IN METABOLOMICS: APPLICATION TO THE DETECTION OF BREAST CANCER” Haiwei Gu1, Zhengzheng Pan2, Bowei Xi3, Vincent Asiago2, Brian Musselman4, and Daniel Raftery2* 1Department of Physics, 2Department of Chemistry, and 3Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 4IonSense Inc., 999 Broadway, Suite 404, Saugus, MA 01906 “EXTRACTION AND CONCENTRATION OF PCBs USING CONDUCTIVE POLYMERS POST‐MODIFIED WITH PCBs SELECTIVE PENTAPEPTIDES” Edikan Archibong* and Nelly Mateeva Department of Chemistry, Florida A&M University, Tallahasse, FL “METABOLITE PROFILING OF HUMAN SERUM USING HPLC AND NMR SPECTROSCOPY” Kwadwo Owusu‐Sarfo*, Emmanuel Appiah‐Amponsah, Tao Ye, G. A. Nagana Gowda and Daniel Raftery Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN “TOWARDS AFM IMAGING OF DNA ORIGAMI ON SILICON IN A FLUID CELL” Valerie Goss*1, Amro Mentash2, Lesli Mark1, Kyoung Nan Kim1, Koshala Sarveswaran1 and Marya Lieberman1 1The University of Notre Dame, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Notre Dame, IN, 46556 2Ivy Tech Community College, Department of Biotechnology, South Bend, IN, 46610 “MUTATION ANALYSIS OF VACM‐1/cul5 EXONS IN T47D CANCER CELL LINE” Angelica Willis*, Steven Lewis*, and Maria Burnatowska‐Hledin, Departments of Biology and Chemistry, Hope College, Holland MI 49423 33

PROGRAM SCHEDULE 18

“SYNTHESIS OF GLYCOSYLATED GRANULATIMIDE ANALOGS MEDIATED BY A “CLICK” REACTION FOLLOWED BY DIRECT ARYLATION” Crystal L. O’Neil*, Jie Shen, Peng George Wang The Ohio State University, Departments of Biochemistry and Chemistry, Columbus, OH “DO MYELOID PROGENITOR CELLS CONTRIBUTE TO SKELETAL MUSCLE THROUGH SATELLITE CELL DEPENDENT OR INDEPENDENT PATHWAY“ Denis O. Madende1, Jeremy Traas2, Ted Hofmann2, Archana Bora2, and Tim Brazelton2 1Cheyney University of Pennsylvania, 1837 University Circle, Cheyney, PA 19319 2Children’s Hospital of Pennsylvania,34th Street Civic center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104 “RATIONAL VS. RANDOM MUTAGENIC APPROACHES IN ENGINEERING THE HUMAN VITAMIN D RECEPTOR” Hilda Castillo, Donald F. Doyle, Bahareh Azizi Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Atlanta, GA 30332 “PROBING STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOR OF THE N‐TERMINAL DOMAINS OF THE HUMAN WILSON PROTEIN” Joshua M. Muia*, David L. Huffman Western Michigan University, Department of Chemistry, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 “CANINE MESENCHYMAL STROMAL CELLS CAN DIFFERENTIATE INTO MULTIPLE CELL TYPES AND EXPRESS COMMON MSC SURFACE MARKERS” Paul Gwengi, Ted Hofmman, PhD 1Cheyney University of Pennsylvania 1837 University Circle, Cheyney, PA 19319 2Department of Surgery, Center for Fetal Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA “SYNTHESIS OF NITRIC OXIDE DONORS FOR TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY AND TREATMENT OF GLIOBLASTOMA MULTIFORME” Shahana Safdar*, Lakeshia J. Taite, Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Atlanta, GA 30332 “SYNTHYESIS OF FLUOROGENIC CYANINE DYES” Stanley Oyaghire*, Dr. Angela Winstead1, Dr. Bruce Armitage2 1Morgan State University, Department of Chemistry, Baltimore MD 21251 2 Carnegie Mellon University, Department of Chemistry, Pittsburgh PA 73110 “THE EFFECTS OF GROUND CLOVES ON OXIDATIVE STRESS, DYSLIPIDEMIA, AND ABERRANT CRYPT FOCI IN AZOXYMETHANE INDUCED COLORECTAL CANCER IN MALE WISTAR RATS” Tamina L Johnson*, Dr. Ngozi Ugochukwu Florida A&M University, Tallahasse, FL

PROGRAM SCHEDULE 26

“DETERMINING THE DNA BINDING ACTIVITY OF NEURAL ZINC FINGER FACTOR 1E BY FLUORESCENCE ANISOTROPY” Tiffany Strickland*, Dr. Holly Cymet Department of Chemistry, Morgan State University, Baltimore MD 21251 “LENTIVIRAL GENE DELIVERY TO FETAL MOUSE RESULT IN BROAD TRANSDUCTION OF TISSUES” Tolani Adebanjo, David Stitelman MD , Philip Zoltick MD, Alan W Flake MD, Tim Brazelton MD PhD 1Cheyney University of Pennsylvania 1837 University Circle, Cheyney, PA 19319 2Department of Surgery, Center for Fetal Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA “ANTIOXIDANT EFFECTS OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS IN PEANUT SKINS” Lisa O Dean , Wanida E. Lewis* , Leon C Boyd2 North Carolina State University, USDA-ARS Market Quality and Handling Research Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 North Carolina State University, Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Science, Raleigh, NC 27695 “CHARACTERIZATION OF THE N‐TERMINAL WILSON DISEASE PROTEIN DOMAIN 4” Wilson Okumu* and David. L. Huffman Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, 49008 1

“HIGH RESOLUTION MELTING ANALYSIS OF MISCANTHUS X SINENSIS ORNAMENTAL VARIETIES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A HIGH‐DENSITY GENETIC MAP” Adebosola Oladeinde* and Stephen Long Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana‐Champagne

“MECHANISM AND INHIBITION OF PROTEIN ARGININE METHYLTRANSFERASE 1” Obiamaka Obianyo, Corey P. Causey, Tanesha C. Osborne and Paul R. Thompson Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29209 “A NOVEL ELASTIN MIMETIC PEPTIDE FOR TISSUE ENGINEERED VASCULAR GRAFTS” Dhaval Patel*, Lakeshia J. Taite Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Atlanta, GA 30332 “THE FABRICATION OF ZINC OXIDE NANOWIRES AND ITS SOLAR CELL APPLICATIONS” Mallarie D. McCune1*, Yulin Deng1† 1Georgia Institute of Technology, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular 35

PROGRAM SCHEDULE 34

Engineering, Atlanta, GA 30332 “SUSTAINABILITY EVALUATOR: AN EXCEL BASED TOOL FOR EVALUATING PROCESS SUSTAINABILITY” Olamide O. Shadiya, and Karen A. High* Oklahoma State University, School of Chemical Engineering, Stillwater, OK 74075 “EFFECT OF HIGH TEMPERATURE TREATMENT ON AQUEOUS CORROSION OF LOW‐CARBON STEEL BY ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY” Samuel J. Gana1, Nosa O. Egiebor*2, Ramble Ankumah3 1Tuskegee University Materials Science and Engineering, Tuskegee, AL 36088 2Tuskegee University Department of Chemical Engineering, Tuskegee, AL 36088 3Tuskegee University, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Tuskegee, AL 36088 “DIRECT NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF TRANSPORT IN OPEN‐CELL MESOPHASE PITCH DERIVED CARBON FOAMS” Shawn Austina, E. E. Kalua, C. A. Mooreb, G. D. Wessona,*, D. Stephensd a Department of Chemical Engineering, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL. 32310, b Department of Mechanical Engineering, Florida A&M Univeristy, Tallahassee, FL. 32310, d Department of Mathematics, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL. 32307, * Research & Economic Development, South Carolina State University, Orangeburg, SC “FISCHER TROPSCH PLATFORM ENHANCED BY HIGH THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY CATALYSTS” Tunde Dokun1*, Don Cahela1, Symon Sheng1, Hongyun Yang2and *Dr. Bruce J. Tatarchuk, 1Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 2Intramicron Inc. Industry Drive. Auburn Al “DESORPTION AND SURFACE CHEMICAL REACTIONS OF AROMATIC SULFUR HETEROCYCLES FROM SILVER BASED SORBENTS” Zenda D. Davis*, Sachin A. Nair, Alexander Samokhvalov and Bruce J. Tatarchuk Auburn University, Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn, AL 36849 “EFFECTS OF VISCOSITY ON PHASE SEPARATION OF LIQUID MIXTURES WITH A CRITICAL POINT OF MISCIBILITY” Filomena Califano* Chemistry and Physics Department, St. Francis College, Brooklyn, NY, 11201 “OZONATION OF PRODUCED WATER” Johnathan k. Vann*1, Shawn k. Kuriakose1, Dr. Jorge Gabitto1, Joanna McFarlane2 and Dr. Costas Tsouris2 1Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, TX 77446 36

PROGRAM SCHEDULE Nuclear Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 “DETECTION OF REDUCED PHOSPHORUS OXYANIONS IN GEOTHERMAL WATER VIA ION CHROMATOGRAPHY” Amanda Henry1, Herbe Pech1, Krishna L. Foster*1 1California State University ‐ Los Angeles, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Los Angeles, CA 90032 “REACTIONS OF SINGLET OXYGEN WITH A FURAN‐CONTAINING DRUG, FUROSEMIDE: ATTEMPTS TO GENERATE A SECONDARY OZONIDE” B.M. King, R.M. Uppu, and M.O. Fletcher Claville. Department of Environmental Toxicology, College of Sciences, Southern University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, LA IMPACT OF TI02 METALLIZED CARBON NANOTUBES (TI02‐CNT) ON REGENERATIVE BONE GROWTH Edidiong C. Obot*1, Renard L. Thomas1 Environmental Toxicology Program, Department of Chemistry, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX 77004 “DISTRIBUTION AND CYCLNG OF MERCURY SPECIES IN THE YOCONA RIVER AND ENID RESIVIOR IN NORTHWEST MISSISSIPPI” Garry Brown, Jr., James Cizdziel* Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi “FUNCTIONALIZED NANOPARTICLES FOR REMEDIATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS” Jully S. Senteu* and Sherine O. Obare Department of Chemistry, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 “A KINETIC STUDY OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS” Karma James* Grambling State University, Grambling, Louisiana “EFFECT OF PH AND ORTHOPHOSPHATE LEVELS ON THE INITIAL CORROSION OF COPPER SURFACES IN DRINKING WATER INVESTIGATED WITH ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY” Stephanie L. Daniels,1 Darren A. Lytle2* and Jayne C. Garno1 1Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 2National Risk Management Research Laboratory, WSWRD, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH 45268 “CHARACTERIZATION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN THE EFFLUENT WASTE 2

PROGRAM SCHEDULE

WATER TREATMENT PLANTS” Zuri Dale*1, Anthony Maye2, Renard L. Thomas3, and Bobby Wilson2 1Space, Engineering & Science Internship Program., Texas Southern University, Houston, TX 77004 2 Environmental Research Technology Transfer Center, (ERT2C), Texas Southern University, Houston, TX 77004 3Department of Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX 77004 “HPLC METHOD DEVELOPMENT FOR POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS (PAH) ANALYSIS” Benji Macaulay1, Miheer Shah1, Ruth Montes2, Krishna L. Foster*2 1Pasadena City College, Department of Natural Sciences, Pasadena, CA 91106 2California State University – Los Angeles, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Los Angeles, CA 90032 “TRACE METAL ANALYSIS OF PRIMARY TEETH AS AN ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATOR USING INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA MASS SPECTROMETRY” Terrell Gibson1*, Renard L. Thomas2, Bobby Wilson3 1Graduate Student, Environmental Toxicology Program, Texas Southern University, Houston, Texas 77004 2Assistant Professor of Health Science, Texas Southern University, Houston, Texas 77004 3Professor of Chemistry, Texas Southern University, Houston, Texas 77004 “SELECTIVE AEROBIC OXIDATIONS CATALYZED BY MANGANESE (III) COMPLEXES CONTAINING REDOX ACTIVE LIGANDS” Clarence Rolle, Jake Soper* Georgia Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Atlanta, GA, 30332 “ELECTROPHILIC OXIDATION USING COORDINATIVELY UNSATURATED IR III COMPLEXES” Michael D. Heinekey1, Katherine Schultz2, and Cristina Thomas*3 1,2,3The University of Washington Department of Chemistry, Seattle Washington, 98195 “SYNTHESIS OF DR1‐ICPTEOS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF 3‐DIMENSIONAL DATA STORING DEVICES” Jason E. Davis, L. Zane Miller, and Dr. Carole E. Brown Department of Chemistry, North Georgia College and State University “SYNTHESIS OF HIGH FREE VOLUME ACID FOR PROTON CONDUCTING ELECTROLYTES” LaRico Treadwell and Dr. Jason Ritchie Department of Chemistry and BioChemistry, University of Mississippi, University, Ms 38677‐1848 38

PROGRAM SCHEDULE 55

“SYNTHESIS OF NEW INORGANIC CLUSTERS: TRIDECAMERIC GROUP 13 HYDROXIDES AS INKS FOR MATERIALS” Maisha K. Kamunde‐Devonish1, Zachary L. Mensinger1, Sharon A. Betterton2, Lev N. Zakharov1, Douglas A. Keszler2, and Darren W. Johnson*1 1Department of Chemistry and the Oregon Nanoscience and Microtechnologies Institute (ONAMI), University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403‐1253. 2Department of Chemistry and ONAMI, 153 Gilbert Hall, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331‐4003. “SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BIMETALLIC ZINTL CLUSTERS” Domonique O. Downing and Bryan W. Eichhorn* University of Maryland, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College Park, MD 20742 “DIELECTRIC MONITORING OF EPOXY POLYMERIZATION” Abdul‐Rahman Raji*, Alvin P. Kennedy, and Solomon Tadesse Department of Chemistry, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD 21251 “SURFACE FUNCTIONALIZATION OF GOLD NANOPARTICLES FOR DUAL OPTICAL AND ELECTROCHEMICAL DETECTION OF PATHOGENS” Clara P. Adams1, Motez Mejri2, Hamdi Baccar2, Adnane Abdelghani2 and Sherine O. Obare1* 1Department of Chemistry, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 2University of 7 November, Carthage, Tunisia “ULTRAFAST BAND EDGE LUMINESCENCE DYNAMICS OF QUANTUM SIZED ZNO NANOPARTICLES” Jameel A. Hasan, Shankar Varaganti, and Guda Ramakrishna Department of Chemistry, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo MI 49008 “ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY ENHANCEMENT WITH ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUND” Joel S. N. Tietsia* Department of Electrotechnical Engineering, University Institute of Technology Fotso Victor , Bandjoun, Cameroon “UHMWPE/NANODIAMOND NANOCOMPOSITES: STRUCTURE, PROPERTY, AND PROCESSING RELATIONSHIPS” Dr. Derrick Dean and John Tipton* University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Department of Materials Science and 39

PROGRAM SCHEDULE 62

Engineering, Birmingham, AL 35205 “SYNTHESIS AND SINGLE MOLECULE CHARGING OF ARYLAMINE REDOX NETWORKS” Melody Kelley 1,2, Grace Chotsuwan 1,2, Silas Blackstock*1,2 1University of Alabama, Department of Chemistry, Tuscaloosa, AL 35404 2University of Alabama, Center for Materials for Information Technology (MINT), Tuscaloosa, AL 35404 “HYDROXYCRUCIFORMS: AMINE‐RESPONSIVE FLUOROPHORES” Psaras L. McGrier*, Kyril M. Solntsev, Shaobin Miao, Laren M. Tolbert, Oscar R. Miranda, Vincent M. Rotello, and Uwe H. F. Bunz Department of Chemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia “ACETYLENE SUBSTITUED POLYTHIOPHENES FOR USE IN MOLECULAR ELECTRONICS” Racquel C. Jemison, Toby L. Nelson, Sarada P. Mishra, Richard D. McCullough* Carnegie Mellon University, Chemistry Department, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 “THE USE OF SERS CHIPS FOR THE TRACE DETECTION OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS” Tolecia S. Clark*, Sehoon Chang, Srikanth Singamaneni, Zachary Combs, and Vladimir V. Tsukruk Georgia Institute of Technology, Materials Science and Engineering, Atlanta, GA 30332 “MULTIFUNCTIONAL ELECTROSPUN POLYCAPROLACTONE/NANODIAMOND COMPOSITE SCAFFOLDS FOR DELIVERY OF THERAPUETICS” Amanee D. Salaam*1, Derrick Dean2 and Elijah Nyairo3 1University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Birmingham, AL 35294 2 University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Birmingham, AL 35294 3 Alabama state Unversity, Department of Physical Sciences, Montgomery, AL 36101 “ELECTRON MAGNETIC RESONANCE STUDIES ON NANOWIRE AND NANOPARTICLE ARRAYS” O. K. Amponsah*1, R. R. Rakhimov1, Yu Barnakov1, R. A. Lukaszew 2, J. C. Owrutsky3, M. Pomfret3 and N. Noginova1 1Center for Materials Research, Norfolk State University, Norfolk, VA 2College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 3Naval Research Lab, Washington DC “CHARACTERIZATION AND OPTOMIZATION OF THE VISCOSITY OF SURFACTANT MODIFIED BIOACTIVE GLASS” 40

PROGRAM SCHEDULE Reginna E. Scarber*, Derrick R. Dean, and Gregg M. Janowski1 University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Birmingham, AL 35294 69

“BIOINFORMATIC ELUCIDATION OF CONSENSUS PHOSPHORYLATION MOTIFS UTILIZING INTER‐SPECIES FUNCTIONAL DATA” Leethaniel Brumfield1*, Joshua K. Sailsbery1, Douglas E. Brown1, Dr. Ralph A. Dean1 1Center for Integrated Fungal Research, North Carolina State University, CB 7244, Raleigh, NC 27695‐7244, USA “SYNTHESIS AND ANTIBACTERIAL POTENTIATION OF β‐LACTAM ANTIBIOTIC‐BASED IONIC LIQUIDS” Marsha R. Cole1, Min Li1, Bilal El‐Zahab1, Marlene E. Janes2, Daniel Hayes3, and Isiah M. Warner*1 1 Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA 2 Department of Food Science, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA 3 Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, 70803, USA “SCOPE AND MECHANISM OF GOLD(I)‐CATALYZED INTERMOLECULAR HYDROAMINATION AND OF ALLENES WITH ARYLAMINES” Alethea N. Duncan* & Ross A. Widenhoefer Duke University, Chemistry Department, Durham, NC 27708

“GUEST CATALYZED MOLECULAR ROTOR” Brent E. Dial1, Roger D. Rasberry1, Ken D. Shimizu*1 1University of South Carolina, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Columbia, SC 29208

“PROGRESS TOWARDS THE DEVELOPMENT OF POTENTIAL PATHOGEN BIOSENSORS” Charlee K. McLean1*, Dr. Angela Winstead2, Dr. Richard Williams3 Morgan State University, Department of Chemistry, Baltimore, MD 21251 “THE TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF N‐METHYLWELWITINDOLINONE C ISOTHIOCYANATE” Dave A. Jenkins1, Kenneth J. Shea*2, John Brailsford3, and Siu‐Ling Sit4 University of California, Irvine, Department of Chemistry, Irvine, CA 92697 “SYNTHESES OF ORGANOMETALLIC COMPLEXES THAT MODEL THE SEMICONDUCTOR INTERFACE OF TiO2 BASED DYE SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS” Dayne D. Fraser and Kevin H. Shaughnessy* Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, AL 41

PROGRAM SCHEDULE 76

“PROGRESS TOWARD THE SYNTHESIS OF CYANO CYANINE DYES “ Deveine Toney*, Dr. Angela Winstead Morgan State University Department of Chemistry, Baltimore, MD 21251 “DEVELOPMENT OF SYNTHETIC GLYCANS TO CAPTURE SHIGA TOXIN VARIANTS” Hailemichael Yosief and Suri S. Iyer* Center for Chemical Sensors and Biosensors, Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati Cincinnati, Ohio 45221 “OPTIMIZATION OF A WATER ELECTROLYSIS CELL AS AN ALTERNATIVE FUEL SOURCE” Michael B. Miller1, Patrice Bell*1 1Georgia Gwinnett College, School of Science and Technology, Lawrenceville, GA 30043 “SYNTHESIS OF SPIROKETALS VIA GOLD CATALYSIS OF HYDROXY KETO‐ COMPOUNDS: A CURRENT APPROACH” Morgan Hudson‐Davis, John Oxford, Ebonni Fischer, Kyle Manning and Dr. Karelle Aiken* Georgia Southern University, Department of Chemistry, Statesboro, GA 30460 “A CONVENIENT MICROWAVE SYNTHESIS OF QUINOLINE DERIVATIVES AS POTENTIAL ANTI‐CANCER DRUGS” Morgan Price and Nripendra Bose, Ph.D.* Department of Chemistry, Spelman University, Atlanta, GA

“SYNTHESIS OF NOVEL EPOXY GEMINI SURFACTANTS FROM VERNONIA OIL” Nikki S. Johnson*, Folahan O. Ayorinde Howard University, Department of Chemistry, Washington, DC, 20059 “MICROWAVE ASSISTED NITRILE SYNTHESIS” Ofuje Daniyan and Yousef Hijji* Department of Chemistry, Morgan State University “GOLD CATALYSES OF α‐PROPARGYLATED KETO SUBSTRATES TO FORM FURAN DERIVATIVES” Rayaj Ahamed and Dr. Karelle Aiken* Georgia Southern University, Department of Chemistry, Statesboro, GA 30460 “APPROACHES TOWARD THE SYNTHESIS OF POLYARYLS USING THE 42

PROGRAM SCHEDULE

LACTONE CONCEPT” Sierra Mitchell, Donovan Thompson, W. Alan McDonald, Dr. Karen Welch and Dr. Karelle Aiken* Chemistry, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA 30460 “EFFORTS TOWARD THE DESIGN AND EFFICIENT SYNTHESIS OF THE ZOANTHAMINE ALKALOIDS” Stefan France* Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Atlanta, GA

“ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF FRACTIONS FROM ZANTHOXYLUM SETULOSUM IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF NOVEL STRUCTURES FOR CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC DRUGS” Tameka, M., Walker*, William, N. Setzer University of Alabama in Huntsville, Department of Chemistry, Huntsville, AL, 35899

“PURIFICATION OF BACTERIAL APOA‐1 AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NOVEL NANOPARTICAL ANTICANCER DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM” Thurman M. Young* Nirupama Sabnis and. Andras G. Lacko University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Boulevard, Fort Worth, TX 76107 “REACTIVITY OF DISTONIC SPECIES DERIVED FROM OXIDIZED METHIONINE” Tyrslai M. Williams*, Ashley Wallace, Michelle O. Claville Ph. D Southern University & A&M College, Department of Chemistry, Baton Rouge, LA “ACCESSING SKELETAL DIVERSITY USING CATALYTIC CONTROL: SYNTHESIS OF A MACROCYCLIC TRIAZOLE LIBRARY” Esther O. Uduehi*, Ann R. Kelly, Lisa Marcaurelle Broad Institute, Diversity‐Oriented Synthesis, Cambridge, MA 02142 “KINETIC EVALUATION OF DUAL BINDING HUMAN ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORS” Alexander Lodge*1, Manza Atkinson2, Elizabeth Elacqua3, and Daniel Quinn4 University of Iowa, Department of Chemistry, Iowa City, IA 52242 EQUILLIBRIUM CONCENTRATION OF AMMONIA DISSOCIATION PRODUCTS UNDER HIGH TEMPERATURES AND PRESSURES; A THEORETICAL STUDY Asia S. Jackson*₁, and Dr. Beatriz Cardelino₂ ₁ Undergraduate Student, Spelman College, Chemistry Department, Atlanta, GA 30314 ₂ Professor of Chemistry, Spelman College, Chemistry Department, Atlanta, GA 30314 “DETERMINING TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN EMULSIONS DURING MICROWAVE HEATING BY STUDYING UNDERLYING HEATING MECHANISMS OF TWO LAYERED SYSTEMS” Daryl Cunningham, Dr. Alvin P. Kennedy 43

PROGRAM SCHEDULE 94

100

101

Morgan State University, Chemistry Department, Baltimore, MD, 21251 “SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION STUDIES OF TUNGSTEN DOPED TITANIUM DIOXIDE” Faith Dukes* Department of Chemistry, Tufts University “MRMP2 ACTIVE SPACE COMPARISON OF THE CIS TO TRANS ISOMERIZATION OF CYCLOHEXENE AND SUBSTITUTED CYCLOHEXENE STRUCTURES” Jeffrey D. Veals* and Dr. Steven R. Davis Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, MS “COLORIMETRIC HOST/GUEST INTERACTIONS OF CYCLODEXTRIN/SPIROPYRAN MOLECULES” Kamia Smith* and Thandi Buthelezi Wheaton College, Department of Chemistry, Norton, MA, 02766 “FORMATION OF HYDROGEN PEROXIDE IN AQUEOUS POLYMERIC SOLUTIONS OF SULFONATED POLY ETHER‐ETHER KETONE (SPEEK)/POLY VINYL ALCOHOL (PVA)” PaviElle Lockhart1, Brian Little*1, German Mills1, Lewis Slaten2 1Auburn University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn, AL 36832 2Auburn University, Department of Consumer Affairs, Auburn, AL 36832 “THE EFFECT OF NANOCLAY PERCENT LOADINGS ON POLYMERIZATION AND THERMAL PROPERTIES” Brittany Fisher*, Dr. Alvin P. Kennedy, Chemistry Department, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD 21251 “THREE‐DIMENSIONAL STUDY OF SOLID HYDROGEN FLUORIDE ENERGIES AND STRUCTURES USING MANY‐BODY PERTURBATION METHODS” Olaseni Sode and So Hirata* Quantum Theory Project and The Center for Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Departments of Chemistry and Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611‐8435 “SENDING MIXED MESSAGES: INSTRUCTORS WHO ASK STUDENTS TO SHOW THEIR WORK BUT PENALIZE THEM WHEN THEY DO” Jacinta M. Mutambuki1, Herb Fynewever*2 1Western Michigan University, Department of Chemistry, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 2Calvin College, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Grand Rapids, MI 49546 “FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGY AS A MECHANISM FOR ENHANCING STUDENT LEARNING” Odell Glenn Jr.*, Derrick Huggins and Mike Matthews 44

PROGRAM SCHEDULE

102

103

Department of Chemical Engineering and Vehicle Management and Parking Services The University of South Carolina “ANALYSIS OF CHEMISTRY ATTITUDES AND EXPERIENCES QUESTIONNAIRE (CAEQ)I AND RESEARCH EXPERIENCE SURVEYS AT A NEW FOUR YEAR INSTITUTION. PHASE TWO FINDINGS” Patrice Bell*1, Deborah Sauder1 1Georgia Gwinnett College, School of Science and Technology, Lawrenceville, GA 30043 “SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF “CLICKABLE” AND ION EXCHANGED ZEOLITE Y FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS” Nicholas Ndiege, Renugan Raidoo, Michael K. Schultz, Sarah Larsen* University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242

4:00 p.m. ‐ 5:00 p.m.

Science Bowl/Fair Volunteers’ Meeting

6:00 p.m. ‐ 8:30 p.m.

Science Competition Opening Dinner

8:30 p.m. ‐‐ 9:00 p.m. Science Fair Poster setup

Imperial Imperial International level

Thursday, April 1

7:15 a.m. ‐ 7:45 a.m.

NPC Committee Meeting

7:30 a.m. ‐ 9:30 a.m.

Science Fair Judging

TBA International level

8:00 a.m. ‐ 1:00 p.m

Conference Registration

Thursday, a.m.

Award Symposium 4 NOBCChE Undergraduate Award Competition 8:00 a.m. – 10:00 a.m. (ʺTITLE,ʺ Presenter, Co‐Author(s), Affiliation)

Session Chair: 8:00 – 8:20

Marquis Level M101

Calvin James, Ph.D., The Lubrizol Corporation Lurbrizol Corporation Undergraduate Awardee “EXPANDING THE PROCESSING WINDOW OF NANOPARTICLE THIN FILMS” 45

PROGRAM SCHEDULE

8:20 – 8:40

8:40 – 9:00

9:00 – 9:20

9:20 – 9:40

Earnest F. Long, Jr. and Dr. Daeyeon Lee* University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA Colgate‐Palmolive Company Undergraduate Awardee “SYNTHYESIS OF FLUOROGENIC CYANINE DYES” Stanley Oyaghire*, Dr. Angela Winstead1, Dr. Bruce Armitage2 1Morgan State University, Department of Chemistry, Baltimore MD 21251 2 Carnegie Mellon University, Department of Chemistry, Pittsburgh PA 73110 Winifred Burks‐Houck Undergraduate Awardee “ELECTROLESS NICKEL BASED CATALYSTS FOR HYDROGEN GENERATION BY HYDROLYSIS OF NABH4” Shannon P. Anderson, Egwu Eric Kalu Department of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, FAMU‐FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL Lubrizol Corporation Undergraduate Awardee “ARTIFICAL KIDNEY RESEARCH” Yazmin Feliz, Edward Leonard*, Michael Hill* and Joe Woo* 1Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, NY 2Columbia University, New York, NY Colgate‐Palmolive Company Undergraduate Awardee “OCEAN ACIDIFICATION IMPACTS ON LARVAL SHELL FORMATION BY ARGOPECTEN IRRADIANS (BAY SCALLOP) OF NEW ENGLAND” Melissa A Pinard*1, Dr Daniel McCorkle2, Dr Anne Cohen3 Morgan State University, Chemistry Department, Baltimore MD, 21251(1) Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole MA, 02543(2,3)

Thursday, a.m.

Professional Development Workshop: 9:00 a.m. ‐ 11:00 a.m. ʺMaking an Impact on Your Research Project: Lessons from the Benchʺ

M102

Presenters:

Lamont Terrell, PhD, GlaxoSmithKline; James Tarver, PhD, Lexicon Pharmaceuticals; Ronald Lewis, II, PhD, Pfizer, Inc

PROGRAM SCHEDULE 9:00 a.m. ‐‐ 10:00 a.m.

Meeting with Atlanta Middle and High School Students

10:00 a.m.‐ 12:30 p.m.

Georgia Institute of Technology Tour and Panel Discussion

10:00 a.m. ‐‐ 5:00 p.m. Science Fair Public Viewing

(off‐site)

International level

Thursday, a.m.

International B

Science Bowl Competitions: Junior Division++ 10:00 a.m. ‐ 4:00 p.m. International level sponsored by Agilent Technologies and ACS Department of Diversity Programs

Thursday, a.m.

Science Bowl Competitions: Senior Division++ 10:00 a.m. ‐ 4:00 p.m. sponsored by Agilent Technologies and ACS Department of Diversity Programs

Thursday, a.m.

International level

Plenary IV: 11:00 a.m. ‐12:00 p.m. Nigerian Society of Chemical Engineers Presentation

M101

“Development Of Relevant Skills Required For Industry In Young Chemical Engineers Trained From Universities In Nigeria For Optimum Performance In Indurstry”

Prof Francis O. Olatunji, President, NSChE Infinite Grace House, Plot 9, Oyetubo Street, Off Obafemi Awolowo Way, Ikeja Lagos. Nigeria.

PROGRAM SCHEDULE 12:00 p.m. ‐‐ 1:00 p.m. LUNCH ON YOUR OWN Award Symposium 5 1:00 p.m. – 4:00 p.m. Milligan Symposium Sponsored by NIST and the University of Maryland (ʺTITLE,ʺ Presenter, Co‐Author(s), Affiliation)

Thursday, p.m.

M104

A Graduate Fellowship Award, focused on increasing the number of African‐Americans in the chemical sciences, is being offered in memory of Dolphus E. Milligan, a preeminent scientist at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Dr. Milligan was instrumental in the formation of The National Organization for the Professional Advancement of Black Chemists and Chemical Engineers (NOBCChE). The Milligan Graduate Fellowship has been made possible through support from the Chemical Science and Technology Laboratory (CSTL) at NIST and the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry at the University of Maryland, College Park. The Fellowship winner will be chosen through this award symposium and announced at the Annual NOBCChE Awards Banquet. Thursday, p.m.

Session Chair:

Technical Session 7 1:00 p.m. – 5:00 p.m. Global Sustainability in Science, Engineering and Policy Sponsored by NOBCChE, AiChE and NSChE (ʺTITLE,ʺ Presenter, Co‐Author(s), Affiliation) Darlene Schuster, AIChE‐Institute for Sustainability

M106

1:00 – 1:30

Invited Speaker CREDENTIALING – MAKING SUSTAINABILITY SUSTAINABLE Deborah Grubbe* AIChE‐Institute for Sustainability

1:30 – 1:50

“KINETICS OF BIO‐CATALYZED PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL FROM RENEWABLE FEEDSTOCKS” Michael Gyamerah* Department of Chemical Engineering, Roy G. Perry College of Engineering, Prairie View A & M University, Prairie View, TX 77446 48

PROGRAM SCHEDULE 1:50 – 2:10

2:10 – 2:20 2:20 – 2:35

2:35 – 2:50

2:50 – 3:05

3:05 – 3:25

3:25 – 3:45

3:45 – 3:55 3:55 – 4:15

“CATALYTIC CONVERSION OF GLYCEROL INTO HIGHER VALUE MIXED ALCOHOLS” Roderick McDowell1, Rukiya Umoja, George Armstrong1, 39174 Mouzhgun Anjom2, and Devinder Mahajan*2 1Tougaloo College, Tougaloo, MS 39174, 2Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 Break “REACTION KINETICS OF CELLLULOSE HYDROLYSIS IN SUBCRITICAL AND SUPERCRITICAL WATER” Kazeem B. Olanrewaju, Taiying Zhang, and Gary A. Aurand* The University of Iowa, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Iowa City, IA, 52242 “UNCATALYZED ESTERIFICATION OF CARBOXYLIC ACIDS WITH SUPERCRITICAL ETHANOL” Kehinde S. Bankole and Gary A. Aurand* The University of Iowa, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Iowa City, IA, 52242 “KINETIC STUDY OF ALCOHOLYSIS OF BROWN GREASE CATALYZED BY ALUMINUM CHLORIDE” Solomon Simiyu, John B. Miller and Steven B. Bertman* Department of Chemistry, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan “A GENERAL APPROACH TO MULTICOMPONENT DISTILLATION COLUMN DESIGN” T.J. Afolabi1 and A. O. Denloye2 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria 2Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Lagos, Akoka, Yaba. Lagos, Nigeria “SELF‐ASSEMBLED POLYMERIC MATERIALS FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC APPLICATIONS” Dahlia Haynes*, Courtney Balliet, Tomask Young, Richard McCullough Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213 Break “TECHNOPRENEUSHIP CONSIDERATIONS IN ENHANCING CAPACITY BUILDING FOR DEVELOPING NATIONS” Engr. Enefiok E. Ubom* Infinite Grace House, Plot 9, Oyetubo street, Off Obafemi Awolowo Way, Ikeja Lagos, Nigeria 49

PROGRAM SCHEDULE 4:15 – 4:35

4:35 – 4:55

“THE NEED FOR THIRD WORLD COUNTRIES TO DEVELOP A MIX OF ALTERNATI.VE ENERGY SOURCES FOR INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS: THE CHALLENGE FOR NIGERIA” Prof. Francis O. Olatunji* Infinite Grace House, Plot 9, Oyetubo Street Off Obafemi Awolowo Way, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria “CHEMICAL ENGINEERING: A CRITICAL TOOL FOR ECONOMIC ADVANCEMENT OF NIGERIA” Nche John D. Erinne* Chex & Associates (Consultants & Engineers) 3 Wilmer Street, Ilupeju, Lagos, Nigeria

Professional Development Workshop: 1:00 p.m. ‐ 3:00 p.m. M103 ʺHermann’s Whole Brain Thinking Model – Understand Thinking Stylesʺ Martha White‐Warren, Procter & Gamble, Associate Director of Human Resources

Thursday, p.m.

Presenter:

1:30 p.m. ‐ 2:30 p.m. 1:30 p.m. ‐ 2:30 p.m.

Southwest Regional Meeting Southeast Regional Meeting

M102 M105

1:30 p.m. ‐ 2:30 p.m. 1:30 p.m. ‐ 2:30 p.m.

Northeast Regional Meeting Midwest Regional Meeting

M107 M108

1:30 p.m. ‐ 2:30 p.m.

West Regional Meeting

M109

Thursday, p.m.

Session Chair:

Award Symposium 6 3:00 p.m. – 5:00 p.m. Graduate Student Fellowship Sci‐Mix (ʺTITLE,ʺ Presenter, Co‐Author(s), Affiliation) Daphne N. Robinson, The Lubrizol Corporation 50

M101

PROGRAM SCHEDULE 3:00 – 3:20

Procter & Gamble Fellowship Awardee “CELL‐RESPONSIVE PEPTIDE NUCLEIC ACID SIRNA NANOCONJUGATES FOR GENE DELIVERY” Abbygail A. Palmer*, Millicent O. Sullivan University of Delaware, Department of Chemical Engineering, Newark, DE

3:20 – 3:40

3:40 – 4:00

4:00 – 4:20

4:20 – 4:40

Winifred Burks‐Houck Graduate Awardee “INVESTIGATING THE EFFECTS OF ELECTRON DELOCALIZATION ON INTERACTIONS BETWEEN WATER AND HYDROCARBONS” Kari L. Copeland* and Gregory S. Tschumper University of Mississippi, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University, MS 38677 Dow Chemical Company Fellowship Awardee “SELF‐ASSEMBLED MONOLAYER DIRECTED GROWTH OF PLATINUM NANOPARTICLES BY ATOMIC LAYER DEPOSITION” Marja Mullings*,1 Xirong Jiang2 and Stacey Bent1 1Department of Chemical Engineering, 2Department of Physics, Stauffer III, Chemical Engineering 381 North‐South, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA Lendon N. Pridgen, GlaxoSmithKline ‐ NOBCChE Fellowship Awardee “A DIASTEREOSELECTIVE FISCHER INDOLIZATION APPROACH TOWARD FUSED INDOLINE‐CONTAINING NATURAL PRODUCTS” Tehetena Mesganaw* University of California, Los Angeles E.I. Dupont Graduate Fellowship Awardee “THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE PARKINSON’S DISEASE‐ RELATED MUTANT I93M OF THE DEUBIQUITINATING ENZYME UCHL1” Christopher W. Davies, Tushar K. Maiti, Chittaranjan Das* Purdue University, Department of Chemistry, West Lafayette, IN 47905

Thursday, p.m.

Technical Session 8 3:00 p.m. – 5:00 p.m. Inorganic Chemistry (ʺTITLE,ʺ Presenter, Co‐Author(s), Affiliation)

Session Chair:

Murphy Keller, Ph.D., US Dept of Energy 51

M102

PROGRAM SCHEDULE 3:00 – 3:20

“EFFECT OF ANCILLARY LIGANDS AND SOLVENTS ON H/D EXCHANGE REACTIONS CATALYZED BY CP*IR COMPLEXES” Yuee Feng*, Bi Jiang, Paul Boyle, Elon A. Ison Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695‐8204

3:20 – 3:35

3:35 – 3:50

3:50 – 4:05

4:05 – 4:20

4:20 – 4:35

“MOLECULAR BASED SYNTHESIS OF SOLID STATE HIGH NUCLEARITY LANTHANIDE CHALCOGENIDE CLUSTERS FOR OPTOELECTRONIC AND SCINTILLATION APPLICATIONS” Brian F. Moore1 , Thomas Emge1 ,Ajith Kumar2 , Richard Riman2 , John G. Brennan1 (1) Department of Chemisty & Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854 (2) Department of Ceramics and Materials Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 607 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854 “ANISOTROPIC MAGNETISM IN LnNiGa4 (Ln = Y, Gd – Yb)” Kandace R. Thomas*1, Richard D. Hembree1, Amar B. Karki2, Yi Li2, Jiandi Zhang2, David P. Young2, John Ditusa2 and Julia Chan1 1Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 2Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 “DEVELOPMENT OF NOVEL PHARMACEUTICAL COCRYSTALS: THE USE OF NUTRACEUTICALS AS GENERAL PURPOSE COCRYSTAL FORMERS” Heather D. Clarke, Michael J. Zaworotko* University of South Florida, Department of Chemistry, Tampa, FL 33620 “THE ELECTRON TRANSFER CHEMISTRY OF REVERSIBLE TWO ELECTRON PLATINUM REAGENTS” Ronnie Muvirimi*, Jeanette A. Krause, William B. Connick University Of Cincinnati, Department of Chemistry, Cincinnati, OH 45221 “PREPARATION AND VOLTAMMETRIC STUDY OF DIRUTHENIUM PADDLEWHEEL COMPLEXES BEARING EQUATORIAL FERROCENE SUBSTITUENT” Darryl A. Boyd*1, Phillip E. Fanwick1, Robert J. Crutchley2, Tong Ren*1 1Purdue University, Department of Chemistry, West Lafayette, IN 47907 Carleton University, Department of Chemistry, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, CANADA

PROGRAM SCHEDULE 4:35 – 4:55

“COMBINING INDUSTRIAL AND ACADEMIC RESEARCH STRENGTHS TO TACKLE GRAND CHALLENGES” Takiya J. Ahmed,* Karen I. Goldberg, D. Michael Heinekey University of Washington, Department of Chemistry, Seattle, WA 98105

4:00 p.m. ‐ 5:00 p.m.

Secondary Education Meeting with Student Chaperones

International B International Level

7:00 p.m. ‐‐10:00 p.m. Science Competition Dinner

Thursday, p.m.

Plenary V 7:30 pm. ‐ 10:30 p.m. Awards Ceremony & Gala Dinner (ticketed) 6:30 ‐ 7:00 p.m. Reception 7:00 ‐ 9:30 p.m. Dinner and Awards Program 9:30 ‐ 11:00 p.m. Live Entertainment

Imperial

Friday, April 2

Friday, a.m.

Science Bowl Finals 8:00 a.m. ‐ 11:00 a.m. Championship Rounds Junior/Senior Division Sponsored by Agilent and American Chemical Society

M106 & M107

PROGRAM SCHEDULE

Friday, a.m.

2:30 p.m. ‐ 6:00 p.m.

Science Competition Awards Luncheon (ticketed), 11:30 p.m. ‐ 1:45 p.m. Guest Speaker ‐ Charles Bolden, Jr., NASA Administrator, Houston, TX Science Competition Educational Trip

Imperial

Courtland St. Exit to Board busses

NOBCChE 2010 EXHIBITORS

2010 Exhibitors 3M St. Paul, MN

AAAS Washington, DC

American Chemical Society Washington, DC

Auburn University Auburn, AL

Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, PA

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta, GA

Colgate‐Palmolive Piscataway, NJ

Cornell University Ithaca, NY

Corning Inc. Corning, NY

Defense Threat Reduction Agency Alexandria, VA

Drug Enforcement Administration Arlington, VA

NOBCChE 2010 EXHIBITORS The Dow Chemical Company Midland, MI

Dow Corning Corporation Midland, MI

DuPont Pawtucket, RI

Eli Lilly and Company Indianapolis, IN

Florida Agricultural & Mechanical University/ NOAA Environmental Cooperative Center Tallahassee, FL

Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA

HJ Heinz Company Pittsburgh, PA

Hunter College, Gene Center New York, NY

Indiana University Bloomington, IN

The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory Laurel, MD

Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos, NM

Lubrizol Wickliffe, OH 56

NOBCChE 2010 EXHIBITORS Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, MA

Merck & Company, Inc. West Point, PA

National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg, MD

National Organization of Black Chemists and Chemical Engineers Washington, DC

Norfolk State University Norfolk, VA

Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Oak Ridge, TN

The Ohio State University Columbus, OH

Procter & Gamble Cincinnati, OH

Purdue University, Graduate School West Lafayette, IN

Roche Nutley, NJ

Texas Southern University Houston, TX

University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham, AL

NOBCChE 2010 EXHIBITORS University of California – Davis Davis, CA

University of Maryland College Park, MD

University of Massachusetts Amherst Amherst, MA

University of Notre Dame, Graduate School Notre Dame, IN

University of Washington, CENTC Seattle, WA

Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis, MO

Western Michigan University Kalamazoo, MI

United States Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC

United States Customs and Border Patrol Washington, DC

Xavier University/NSF Chemistry Division REU Leadership Group New Orleans, LA The above lists of sponsors and exhibitors are complete as of March 3, 2010. Any additional sponsors and/or exhibitors will be listed on the communications board at the conference site.

FORUM AND WORKSHOP ABSTRACTS

Sunday a.m.

COACH Workshop ‐ registration required 8:00 a.m. ‐ 4:00 p.m. “Professional Skills Training for Minority Graduate Students and Postdocs” Presented by Jane Tucker and Ernestine Taylor

L504

This workshop is designed to introduce negotiations or solution findings to graduate students and postdocs. Participants will learn to develop their “best alternative to a negotiated agreement” and finding their own personal negotiation styles. Attendees will practice through a selection from case studies including developing a strong advocate, credit for research and publications, developing connectedness, obtaining resources that enable productivity, opportunity to demonstrate strong performance, the “all important” reference letter and contracting for that first or new position. Discussions will focus on issues relevant to minority women.

Sunday a.m.

COACh Workshop‐ registration required 8:00 a.m. ‐ 4:00 p.m. I ‐ “Making Change: Being Strategic in Uncertain Waters” and II ‐ “COAChing Strong Women in the Art of Strategic Persuasion” Presented by Sandra Shullman and Gilda Barabino

L505

I‐ In this workshop participants assimilate fundamentals of responsible negotiations and conflict resolution; they learn to be curious about points of view, data, and aspirations of all parties involved. Attendees examine the importance of developing alternatives to agreement that build self‐ confidence and enhance preparation. They use self‐examination to discover personal negotiating styles and in prepared case studies covering current challenges, practice skills to reach highly successful outcomes. II ‐ In this workshop participants assimilate fundamentals of responsible negotiations and conflict resolution; they learn to be curious about points of view, data, and aspirations of all parties involved. Attendees examine the importance of developing alternatives to agreement that build selfconfidence and enhance preparation. They use self‐examination to discover personal negotiating styles and in prepared case studies covering current challenges, practice skills to reach highly successful outcomes 59

FORUM AND WORKSHOP ABSTRACTS Monday, p.m.

Henry A. Hill Luncheon Lecture 12:00 p.m. – 1:30 p.m.

Imperial Sponsored by the American Chemistry Society Northeast Section Dr. Henry A. Hill 1977 ACS President

Dr. Henry Aaron Hill (1915 – 1979), the renowned African ‐ American chemist in whose memory this award was established, was a former Chairman of the ACS Northeastern Section (1963) and President of the American Chemical Society in 1977. Dr. Hill’s outstanding contributions to chemistry, particularly industrial chemistry, and to the professional welfare of chemists are legion. Dr. Hill’s first concern and interest was in his fellow humans, and this was the driving force behind all that he did both in the chemical community and the world at large. Henry Hill was a native of St. Joseph, Missouri. He was a graduate of Johnson C. Smith University in North Carolina and received the doctorate degree from M.I.T. in 1942, after getting the highest grades in his class. He began a professional career in industrial chemistry in that year, with North Atlantic Research Corporation of Newtonville, Massachusetts. He eventually rose to be vice president while doing research on and development of water‐based paints, fire‐fighting foam, and several types of synthetic rubber. After leaving North Atlantic Research, he worked as a group leader in the research laboratories of Dewey and Almy Chemical Company before starting his own entrepreneurial venture—National Polychemicals in 1952. Ten years later he founded Riverside Research Laboratories in Cambridge, Mass. The firm offered research, development and consulting services in resins, rubbers, textiles and in polymer production. Riverside Research Laboratory introduced four successful commercial enterprises, including its own manufacturing affiliate. Dr. Hill, particularly after having been appointed by President Lyndon Johnson to the National Commission on Product Safety, became active in research and testing programs in the field of product flammability and product safety. The American Chemical Society was always very close to Henry Hill’s heart. His active career with the ACS began in the middle 1950s in the Northeastern Section. Dr. Hill served on Northeastern Section committees, became a councilor in 1961 and was Chairman of the Section in 1963. He served the ACS in important National positions including secretary and chairman of the Professional Relations Committee, the ACS Council; Policy Committee, the Board of Directors, and ultimately president in 1977. He made an especially significant impact in professionalism by pioneering establishment of a set of guidelines defining acceptable behavior for employers in their professional relations with chemists and chemical engineers. This effort resulted in the ACS landmark document entitled ʺProfessional Employment Guidelines.ʺ Dr. Henry Hill was the first African American to become President of the American Chemical Society. In recognition of his many outstanding achievements, NOBCChE identifies an outstanding African – American chemist or chemical engineer to be designated as that year’s Henry A. Hill Lecturer. Dr. Joseph Francisco, Professor of Chemistry, Purdue University, and current President of the American Chemical Society, is this year’s honoree. Our award is sponsored by the ACS Northeast Section and the MIT Chemistry Department. 60

FORUM AND WORKSHOP ABSTRACTS

4:00 p.m. ‐ 6:00 p.m.

Award Symposium 1: The Winifred Burks‐ Houck Womenʹs Leadership Symposium: Women of Color Reshaping our Economy through Science Speaker: Gwendolyn Boyd,

M106

The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory

The Winifred Burks‐Houck Professional Leadership Award is the first NOBCChE award inspired by and created to honor the contributions of African American Women in science and technology. The Winifred Burks‐Houck Professional Leadership Symposium aims to honor Winifred A. Burks‐ Houck, the first female president of NOBCChE, by highlighting the scientific achievements, creativity, leadership, and community service of two NOBCChE‐affiliated professional women and a NOBCChE undergraduate and graduate student working towards a degree in chemistry, chemical engineering, or a related field.

Teachers Workshop M106 & M107 7:00 a.m. – 4:00 p.m. “Teachersʹ Embracing Science through Education”

Tuesday, a.m./p.m. Wednesday, a.m./p.m.

Sponsored by 3M, AAAS, Abbott Laboratories, ACS, NASA/UCLA, and NOBCChE This year’s science teachers’ workshop will assist science educators at the elementary, secondary, and high school levels using various teaching strategies and techniques. The 2009 workshop will also provide resources and materials that will assist in enhancing your curriculum. In addition, educators will have an opportunity to discuss issues and various challenges that face science educators. The objective for this 2 day workshop is to assist educators in improving test scores among minority and underrepresented students. This will further assist students to pursue careers in science and technology. 61

FORUM AND WORKSHOP ABSTRACTS PercyL Julian Lecture & PercyL Julian Luncheon Lecture 8:30 a.m. ‐ 9:30 a.m. & 12:00 ‐ 1:30 p.m.

Tuesday, p.m.

M101

Imperial

Dr. Percy L. Julian (1899 – 1975) National Academy of Sciences (Elected 1973)

The Percy L. Julian Award for significant contributions in pure and/or applied research in science or engineering is our most prestigious award. Dr. Julian was an African‐American who obtained his BS in Chemistry from DePauw University in 1920. Although he entered DePauw as a “substandard freshman,” he graduated as the class valedictorian with Phi Beta Kappa honors. His first job was as an instructor at Fisk University. Julian left Fisk and obtained a masterʹs degree in chemistry from Harvard in 1928, and his Ph.D. in 1931 from the University of Vienna, Austria. It was after his return to DePauw in 1933 that Julian conducted the research that led to the synthesis of physostigmine, a drug used in the treatment of glaucoma2. Julian left DePauw in 1936 to become director of research of the Soya Products Division of the Glidden Company in Chicago. This position at Glidden made Julian the world’s first African – American to lead a research group in a major corporation. Dr. Julian rewarded Gliden’s faith in him by producing many new commercial products from soy beans. An entrepreneur as well as a scientist, in 1953 he founded Julian Laboratories and later Julian Associates, Inc. and the Julian Research Institute. Over the course of his career he acquired over 115 patents, including one for a fire‐extinguishing foam that was used on oil and gasoline fires during World War II2. Though he had over 100 patents and 200 scientific publications, his most notable contribution was in the synthesis of steroids from soy and sweet potato products. Dr. Julian’s life and contributions were the subject of a recent biopic by NOVA/PBS entitled, “Forgotten Genius.”3 The film was broadcast nationally on February 6, 2007 on PBS TV stations. The table below summarizes the winners of the NOBCChE Percy L Julian Award: Year

Award Recipients

1975

Dr. Arnold Stancel (1) Mobil Oil Company

1977 1979

Dr. W. Lincoln Hawkins, Bell Laboratories Dr. William Lester, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory

1981

Dr. James Mitchell (2), Bell Laboratories

1982

Dr. K.M. Maloney, Allied Corporation

Year Award Recipients 1995 Dr. Joseph Francisco, Purdue University Dr. Edward Gay, Argonne National 1996 Laboratory 1997 Dr. James H. Porter , UV Technologies 1998 Dr. William A. Guillory, Innovations Consulting 1999 Dr. Linneaus Dorman, Dow Chemical 62

FORUM AND WORKSHOP ABSTRACTS Company 2001 John E. Hodge (5) (1914–96), U.S. Department of Agriculture, Peoria, IL 2001 James A. Harris (5) (1932–2000), Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory 2002 Dr. Victor McCrary, Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory 2003 Dr. Victor Atiemo‐Obeng, Dow Chemical Company

1983

Dr. B.W. Turnquest, ARCO Petroleum

1985 1986

Dr. William Jackson, (3) Howard University Dr. George Reed, Argonne National Laboratory

1987

Dr. Reginald Mitchell, Stanford University

1988 1989

Dr. Isiah Warner (4), Emory University Dr. James C. Letton, Procter & Gamble Company Dr. Theodore Williams, College of Wooster (Ohio)

2004 Dr. Gregory Robinson, University of Georgia

1991

Dr. Bertrand Frazier‐Reed, Duke University

2007 Dr. Kenneth Carter, UMass

1992

Dr. Willie May, NIST

2008 Dr. Sharon Haynie, DuPont

1993

Dr. Joseph Gordon, IBM

1994

Dr. Dotsevi Y. Sogah, Cornell University

2009 Dr. Soni Olufemi Oyekan, Marathon Oil 2010 Dr. Thomas Menash, GA Aerospace Systems

1990

2005 Dr. James H. Wyche, University of Miami 2006 Dr. Jimmie L. Williams, Corning Incorporated

References and recommended reading 1 2 3

NOBCChE’s Percy L Julian Award, http://www.nobcche.org/index.cfm?PageID=50174597-757C-432EBA8C253625586175&PageObjectID=37 Percy Julian, Wikipedia Encyclopedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percy_Julian Julian – Trail Blazer, Peter Tyson, http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/julian/civil.html

Tuesday, a.m.

Plenary II – Percy L Julian Lecture 8:30 a.m. ‐ 9:30 a.m.

M101

“Innovative Solutions Needed For Green Energy Development” Presenter:

Thomas Menash, Ph.D. President, Georgia Aerospace Systems

There is the need to develop future Green Energy Industries to maintain the global economic leadership of the United States. This lecture will examine major hurdles faced by engineers and scientists as they develop technical solutions to the challenges in Green Energy development. Carbon capture is a key challenge in clean coal technology development, while the lack of enzymes to break down cellulose on large scale is a critical barrier in converting waste sawdust to clean energy. The presentation will also focus on generation of energy by wind mill systems as well as solar techniques and the challenges of the transmission grid design as they exist today in the country.

FORUM AND WORKSHOP ABSTRACTS The development of 21 st century Transportation system proposed to the Obama Administration in January 2009 by the author will also be discussed. This proposal has been adopted and is being implemented in different states.

Professional Development Workshop: 1:45 p.m. ‐ 3:45 p.m. Tuesday, p.m. ʺStand Out at a Professional Conferenceʺ M102 sponsored by ACS and NOBCChE Instructors: Constance Thompson, ACS and Erick Ellis, Jackson State University Have you ever wandered aimlessly around a career fair or conference waiting for someone to approach you with the career opportunity of a lifetime? Are you unsure of how to get the most out of your time spent at a career fair or professional conference? If so, this workshop was designed with you in mind!

By the end of this session, you will: 1.) Know the purpose of career fairs and professional conferences and how to best navigate them. 2.) Stand out from other participants by leveraging “insider tips” on resumes, cover letters, approaching employers and acing the “two minute interview”. 3.) Learn the biggest mistake people make at Career Fairs and how to avoid them. 4.) Hear first hand from participating employers the types of opportunities and skills sets needed for their opportunities. 5.) Be better prepared to snag the career opportunity of lifetime!

Tuesday, p.m.

The Chemistry of Crime 1:45 p.m. – 5:45 p.m Sponsored by DEA, CBP, and DHS

M103 & M104

FORUM AND WORKSHOP ABSTRACTS challenges associated with collecting viable evidence. In the dramas and reenactments, the non‐ scientific audience rarely sees the real science behind crime solving.In reality, crime scene investigations are most successful when the facts are revealed through the complex union of sharp detective work and targeted forensic analysis of the evidence. This workshop will focus on the integral role of science in crime scene investigations. This workshop will also explore the multifaceted occupations of several different types of Forensic Scientists (i.e., Forensic Chemists, Latent Fingerprint Examiners, Digital Evidence Examiners, etc.). Participants will learn about crime scenes, evidence, and evidence integrity from a scientific perspective. Hands‐on experience in standard forensic procedures typically performed at a crime scene will be offered. Demonstrations on the collection and documentation of evidence and on the use of scientific instrumentation (i.e., Ion Mobility Spectrometry) will be given.

Tuesday, p.m.

Presenter

“So You Think You Can Dance? What It M102 Takes To Find A Job” 4:00 p.m. – 5:45 p.m. Nick Nikolaides, Ph.D. Manager, Doctoral Recruiting & University Relations The Procter & Gamble Company Sponsored by Procter & Gamble

In today’s competitive environment, looking for a job is quite often a full time job itself. Along with solid technical skills, employers are requiring that top candidates must also master many of the “soft” skills including leadership, collaboration, and communication. Attentive preparation of one’s resume, cover letters, and technical presentations is absolutely essential. This presentation offers useful tips and suggestions to enhance your chances of “landing” that perfect job, whether right out of school or looking for a new career after being downsized or laid off.

FORUM AND WORKSHOP ABSTRACTS Professional Development Workshop: “Academia: What Are Your Options” 9:00 a.m. ‐ 11:00 a.m. Wednesday, a.m.

Isiah Warner, Ph.D. Department of Chemistry Louisiana State University

M105

This workshop is designed to explore the various options for graduate students considering an academic career and faculty already in the early stages of an academic career. We will explore various job opportunities in academia, including tenure‐track and non tenure‐track academic positions. In addition, we will discuss the “do’s and don’t’s” of working toward tenure in a tenure‐ track position in small, medium, and large academic institutions. A question and answer session will follow the presentations at this workshop.

Wednesday, a.m.

Presenters:

Professional Development Workshop: 9:00 am. ‐‐ 10:00 a.m. Chemistry at the National Science M102 Foundation: New Programs, Funding Opportunities and Outreach Tyrone D. Mitchell, Charles Pibel, C. Renee Wilkerson, National Science Foundation

This presentation will highlight new programs and some of the many funding opportunities available from the National Science Foundation (NSF) for activities in science research, education, and outreach. Program directors from NSF will discuss funding opportunities spanning all career stages in the chemical sciences from undergraduate students to senior investigators (e.g. REU, GRFP, ACC‐F, CAREER, CRIF, MRI, individual investigator awards, etc.). Presenters will share helpful hints about proposal preparation, the proposal review process, and becoming a reviewer and panelist for NSF proposals.

FORUM AND WORKSHOP ABSTRACTS

Wednesday, a.m.

Professional Development Workshop: ʺThe Internship: The Practice Field of Professional Trainingʺ 10:00 a.m. ‐ 11:00 a.m. Guest Speaker ‐ Ramsey L. Smith, Ph.D., NASA

M103

The internship process can be difficult to navigate. If the student starts an internship with an open mind and also prepared to conquer the academic challenges they will face, it will result in a wonderful professional development experience. From the application process to best practices once you get the job, most students are left to fend for themselves when they face these situations. This presentation will help you avoid some pitfalls and assist in maximizing your internship experience.

Wednesday, p.m. Thursday, a.m. Presenter

Professional Development Workshop ʺHermannʹs Whole Brain Thinking Model ‐ Understand Thinking Styles.ʺ 3:00 p.m. – 5:00 p.m. 1:00 p.m. – 3:00 p.m. Sponsored by Procter & Gamble

M103

Martha White‐Warren, Procter & Gamble, Associate Director of Human Resources

The highly validated Whole Brain Model® is scientifically designed to help people learn to think better. This professional development workshop will show people how to use their whole brain – not just the parts with which they feel most comfortable. Research has shown that everyone is capable of flexing to less preferred thinking styles and learning the necessary skills to diagnose and adapt to the thinking preferences of others. Presenting information in a way that recognizes, respects, and is compatible with different preferences is crucial to meeting coworker, management, customer, and client needs and expectations. As the work environment becomes more complex, understanding the thinking styles beyond your “regular” preferences has become a necessity to stay competitive. Procter & Gamble is proud to present the Whole Brain Model® at the 2010 NOBCChE National Meeting. 67

FORUM AND WORKSHOP ABSTRACTS

Wednesday, p.m.

Presenter:

“Professional Development Workshop: “Introduction to Project Management” 3:00 p.m. – 5:00 p.m. James Hampton, Hampton Associates & Enterprises

M102

Project Management has become a key process for accomplishing work within organizations. Project Management is the planning, organizing, and managing of resources to successfully accomplish a set of specific goals and objectives. The topics included in this program are listed below. Upon completion of this 2 hour workshop, participants will have knowledge of developing, initiating and implementing a project plan.

Characteristics of Projects

Getting Started‐Project Initiation  Project Charter  Stakeholders & Customers Risks & Opportunities  Budget

3. Leading Projects‐Skills, Knowledge & Behaviors  Teams  Communications

Planning the Project‐Tools & Templates  Work Breakdown Structure  Tasks & Dependencies  Schedule



Resource Allocation

5. Implementing the Project Plan  Focus on Deliverables 6. Monitoring and Controlling Progress  Critical Success Factors 7. Completing the Project  Final Project Report  Lessons Learned  Celebration

FORUM AND WORKSHOP ABSTRACTS

Thursday, a.m.

Professional Development Workshop: 9:00 a.m. ‐ 11:00 a.m. ʺMaking an Impact on Your Research Project: Lessons from the Benchʺ

M102

Presenters:

Lamont Terrell, PhD, GlaxoSmithKline; James Tarver, PhD, Lexicon Pharmaceuticals; Ronald Lewis, II, PhD, Pfizer, Inc

This professional development workshop will present case studies from their careers with a focus on experiences and lessoned learned during graduate school and as junior scientists within the pharmaceutical/biotech industry. Workshop participants will come to identify research pitfalls, key lessons learned and obtain “Best Practices” ready to be implemented with the ultimate goal of positively impacting your research projects whether in academia or industry. This two hour workshop is specifically geared toward graduate students and junior level scientists within the pharmaceutical industry. Thursday, AM

Presenters:

Plenary IV 11:00 A.M. – 12:00 N M101 Nigerian Society of Chemical Engineers Plenary “Development Of Relevant Skills Required For Industry In Young Chemical Engineers Trained From Universities In Nigeria For Optimum Performance In Indurstry” Prof Francis O. Olatunji President, NSChE Lagos. Nigeria.

This paper takes a look at the present need for developing relevant skills required for industry in our newly‐trained, young Chemical Engineers. Nigeria gained independence in October, 1960 and established its first University department of Chemical Engineering in 1968 at the University of Ife (now Obafemi Awolowd University, Ile‐Ife). We now have over fifteen (15) Universities offering degrees in Chemical Engineering. A review is undertaken of our Chemical Engineering curriculum since the establishment of Chemical Engineering departments in our Universities starting with a 3‐year programme from “A” level entry to the present 5‐year programme from “O” level entry and with a sandwich industrial training. The minimum academic standard for Engineering & Technology education set up by a regulatory body in Nigeria, the National Universities Commission (NUC) are reported especially to achieve sustainable 69

FORUM AND WORKSHOP ABSTRACTS industrial development. The present widespread assessment of our young Chemical Engineering graduates is that they are lacking in the required skills to be productive in the industrial and business world and are therefore largely unemployable. This paper takes a look at the skill gap that exists in our present graduates and offers suggestions as to how to bridge the gap in order to improve the quality of our human capital. Finally, suggestion is made about a possible establishment of a specialized skill training center in Nigeria for training young Chemical Engineers in appropriate skills for industry, with technical support from NOBCChE and challenges in such establishment are discussed.

Insert ad here 70

CONFERENCE SPEAKERS Sunday, a.m./p.m.

COACh Workshop II

8:00 a.m. – 4:00 p.m. L504 “Professional Skills Training for Minority Graduate Students and Postdocs” Presented by Jane Tucker and Ernestine Taylor

JANE W. TUCKER, Ph.D.

Jane Tucker has over twenty‐five years of experience in higher education in both the administrative and teaching areas. She has taught negotiation skills in the Fuqua School of Business at Duke and is currently a consultant educator for COACh through the National Science Foundation. She has also taught ADVANCE program seminars in negotiations and is adjunct faculty for the Center for Creative Leadership, where she works with leaders from both non‐profit organizations and corporations. Dr. Tucker holds a Ph.D. in Organizational Development from the University of North Carolina and is an alumna of Wellesley College. She has published papers on learning strategies and organizational development. Her current research interest is focused on early adopters in change processes. Ernestine T. Taylor

Ernestine T. Taylor worked more than 20 years at the executive level in human resources and organizational development with fortune 500 companies such as Ortho‐McNeil Pharmaceutical (Johnson & Johnson), Avon Products Company, Inc. Continental Can and Ford Foundation. She has taught management and business communications courses at Elon University, Bennett College for Women and several community colleges in New Jersey, New York and Connecticut. In 2002, Taylor established ETConsulting with a focus on executive coaching, leadership development and team building As an independent consultant, she is a facilitator and executive coach for healthcare organizations, aerospace, energy, telecommunications, educational institutions and governmental agencies. Featured in Ebony Magazine(1990), as one of Best and Brightest Black Women in Corporate America. 71

CONFERENCE SPEAKERS 8:00 a.m. – 4:00 p.m. L505 “The Chemistry of Leadership” Presented by Sandra Shullman SANDRA L. SHULLMAN, Ph.D. S Dr. Shullman is Managing Partner, Columbus Office of the Executive Development Group, an international leadership development and consulting firm. She received her Ph.D. in counseling psychology from The Ohio State University. During that same time, Sandy was a co‐founder of the Women’s Studies Program at Ohio State. Dr. Shullman is a nationally known organizational consultant and has written and presented extensively on the topics of performance appraisal, performance management, strategic succession planning, career development, management of self‐esteem and motivation, team building, diversity management, and the management of individual, organizational and systems change strategies. She is well known for her work related to executive assessment and development and co‐authored Performance Appraisal on the Line. COACh Workshop

Sunday p.m.

Gilda Barabino, Ph.D. Professor of Biomedical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology

Gilda Barabino is the Associate Chair for Graduate Studies and Professor in the Department of Biomedical Engineering at Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University. She received her B.S. degree in Chemistry from Xavier University of Louisiana and her Ph.D. in Chemical Engineering from Rice University Dr. Barabino has an extensive record of leadership and service in the engineering and medical communities. She is a member of the NIH National Advisory Dental and Craniofacial Research Council, Treasurer and member of the Board of Directors of the Biomedical Engineering Society and member of the Advisory Board of the Committee on the Advancement of Women Chemists. She recently served as a member of the congressionally appointed NIH Sickle Cell Disease Advisory Committee. Dr. Barabino has led numerous educational projects and initiatives designed to enhance faculty development and student success and to increase opportunities in science and engineering for members of underrepresented groups.

CONFERENCE SPEAKERS Monday, a.m.

Henry Hill Luncheon Lecture 12:00 N ‐ 1:30 p.m.

Imperial

Dr. Joseph S (Joe) Francisco, President,

American Chemical Society, and William E. Moore Distinguished Professor of Earth & Atmospheric Science & Chemistry Purdue Univesity, Joseph S. Francisco completed his undergraduate studies in Chemistry at the University of Texas at Austin with honors, and he received his Ph.D. in Chemical Physics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1983. Francisco spent 1983‐1985 as a Research Fellow at Cambridge University in England, and following that he returned to MIT as a Provost Postdoctoral Fellow. In 1986 he was appointed Assistant Professor at Wayne State University. In 1991 he was a Visiting Associate in Planetary Science at California Institute of Technology. He accepted an appointment as Professor of Chemistry and Earth & Atmospheric Sciences at Purdue University in January, 1995. In 2006 Francisco was appointed as the William E. Moore Distinguished Professor of Earth and Atmospheric Science and Chemistry at Purdue University. He served as President for the National Organization for the Professional Advancement of Black Chemists and Chemical Engineers (NOBCChE) from 2005‐2007. In 2008 he was elected to the Presidential succession of the American Chemical Society. He served as President‐Elect for 2009, President for 2010, and Immediate Past President for 2011. He has also published over 400 peer‐reviewed publications in the fields of atmospheric chemistry, chemical kinetics, quantum chemistry, laser photochemistry and spectroscopy. He was been a member of the Naval Research Advisory Committee for the Department of Navy (appointed by the Secretary of the Navy, 1994‐1996). He has served as a member of the Editorial Advisory Boards of Spectrochimica Acta Part A, Advances in Environmental Research, Journal of Molecular Structure Theochem, and the Journal of Physical Chemistry. He is a co‐author of the textbook Chemical Kinetics and Dynamics, published by Prentice‐Hall. Professor Francisco has received numerous national and international honors for his academic accomplishments. Among these, the National Science Foundation Presidential Young Investigator Award; Alfred P. Sloan Fellowship; Camille and Henry Dreyfus Foundation Teacher‐Scholar Award; and the National Organization for the Professional Advancement of Black Chemists and Chemical Engineers Outstanding Teacher Award. He received John Simon Guggenheim Fellowship in 1993 which he spent at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory at the California Institute of Technology. He received an American Association for the Advancement of Science Mentor Award in 1994. In 1995, he received a Percy L. Julian Award for Pure and Applied Research from the National Organization for the Professional Advancement of Black Chemists and Chemical Engineers. From 1995 to 1997, he was a Sigma Xi National Lecturer. In 2007, he was the recipient of the Purdue University McCoy 73

CONFERENCE SPEAKERS Award; this is the highest research award given to a faculty member for significant research contributions. He was elected a Fellow of the American Physical Society and a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. He was recently awarded an Alexander von Humboldt U.S. Senior Scientist Award by the German government, as well as being appointed a Senior Visiting Fellow at the Institute of Advanced Studies at the University of Bologna, Italy. He has been appointed to and served on committees for the National Research Council, National Science Foundation, American Chemical Society, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. In 2010, he was awarded an honorary degree of Doctor of Science, honoris causa, from Tuskegee University.

Monday, p.m.

Award Symposium 1: The Winifred Burks‐Houck Womenʹs Leadership Symposium: Women of M106 Color Reshaping our Economy through Science 4:00 p.m. – 6:00 p.m.

Tuesday, a.m. Wednesday, a.m.

Teachers Workshop 7:00 a.m. ‐ 4:00 p.m.

M106 & M107

“Teachersʹ Embracing Science through Education” Sponsored by 3M AAAS, Roche Pharmaceuticals, and Committee for Action Program Services Mrs. Linda Davis, Committee Action Program Services Linda L. Davis is founder and executive director of the Committee for Action Program Services (CAPS). CAPS is a non‐profit organization specializing in teacher’s professional development in science and technology. In addition, she provides science enrichment program for students in grades 4 through 12, such as field trips to Johnson Space Center ‐ Houston; facilitate overnight camps to Science Place, Fair Park in Dallas, Texas. CAPS has collaborated with the Luna Planetary and Institute (LPI) and the Genesis Mission Program, a space science educational program through NASA on professional development workshops for science educators in Dallas, Texas . Mrs. Davis is the Administrator at Inspired Vision Academy I in Dallas, Texas. Her responsibilities include special program coordinator for science curriculum and enrichment programs; elementary advisor for test required programs; grant writer for the science department and community outreach 74

CONFERENCE SPEAKERS programs, and coordinator/facilitator for staff development. Mrs. Davis holds a Bachelor of Science in Organizational Management from Paul Quinn College in Dallas, Texas. DR. SAUNDRA YANCY McGUIRE Dr. Saundra Yancy McGuire is the Director of the Center for Academic Success, and Professor of Chemistry at Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. She received her B.S. degree, magna cum laude, from Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA; her M.A. from Cornell University, Ithaca, NY; and her Ph.D. in Chemical Education from the University of Tennessee at Knoxville, where she received the Chancellor’s Citation for Exceptional Professional Promise. Prior to joining LSU in August 1999, she spent eleven years at Cornell University, where she served as Director of the Center for Learning and Teaching and Senior Lecturer in the Department of Chemistry, and received the coveted Clark Distinguished Teaching Award. Dr. McGuire is the author of numerous publications, including the Problem Solving Guide and Workbook, Study Guide, and Instructorʹs Teaching Guide for Russo/Silverʹs Introductory Chemistry, Third Edition. She is the recipient of numerous awards. Her most awards include the 2007 Diversity Award from the Council on Chemical Research; the 2006 Presidential Award for Excellence in Science, Mathematics, and Engineering Mentoring, awarded by President Bush in an Oval Office Ceremony; the 2005 National Service Award and the 2002 Dr. Henry C. McBay Outstanding Chemistry Teacher Award, both presented by the National Organization for the Professional Advancement of Black Chemists and Chemical Engineers (NOBCChE); and the 2003, 2004, 2005, and 2007 Teaching in Higher Education Conference Outstanding Presentation Award. Additionally, she was designated a 2003 YWCA Woman of Achievement in the City of Baton Rouge, Louisiana. She is married to Dr. Stephen C. McGuire, and they are the parents of Dr. Carla Abena McGuire Davis and Dr. Stephanie Niyonu McGuire, and the grandparents of Joshua Bolurin, Ruth Anaya, Daniel Tabansi, and Joseph Olufemi Davis.

Ms. Yolanda George, American Association for the Advancement of Science Washington, DC

Yolanda S. George is Deputy Director and Program Director for the Directorate for Education and Human Resources Programs (EHR) at the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). Her responsibilities include conceptualizing, developing, implementing, planning, and directing multi‐year intervention and research projects related to increasing the participation of minorities, women, and disabled persons in science and engineering. Her recent K‐12 mathematics and science reform work includes contributing to the development of materials for infusing equity 75

CONFERENCE SPEAKERS into systemic reforms and conducting research on how state departments of education and school districts are aligning equity and science and math initiatives. Also, she has conducted equity reviews for textbooks and software publishers and test developers, including New Standards Science. She serves as a consultant to numerous federal and state agencies, foundations and corporations, and colleges and universities including the National Science Foundation, the U.S. Department of Education, Carnegie Corporation of New York, the New Jersey State Department of Education, and the Louisiana State Department of Education, and serves on several advisory boards including the National Academy of Engineering Committee on Women in Engineering, California State University, Los Angeles Access Project, and WGBH Instructional Television Science Project and others. Dr. Edward D. Walton, Professor of Chemistry, California State Polytechnic University, Pamona, CA Dr. Edward D. Walton has been professor of chemistry here at “Cal Poly” for twenty years having come from teaching as a civilian professor at the US Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland. He spent a year as Research and Science Education Fellow for the Cooperative Institute for Research in the Environmental Sciences at Univ of Colorado, Boulder. Dr.Walton also spent a year at the Lawrence Hall of Science, at University of California, Berkeley, working as statewide pre‐college program coordinator for the MESA (Math Engineering, Science Achievement) Program. At Cal Poly he teaches general college chemistry, senior (advanced) inorganic chemistry, Consumer chemistry and the chemical science course. In addition, Dr. Walton has taught the “methods for teaching science” in the teacher education program. During summers he has taught the science‐teaching course for the Claremont Graduate University’s teacher Program. Dr. Walton has served on national science education committees... the National Academy of Sciences’ working group to develop the National Science Education Standards, a review committee for the National Assessment for EducationalProgress (NAEP) in Science, and the Educational Testing Service’s Committee for the SAT II Chemistry Examination. He has directed summer institutes for elementary school teachers, middle school science teachers, and area high school chemistry teachers. Dr. Walton has served as Commander, US. Navy, and taught in an ROTC preparation program in San Diego, and has done training in Japan and Italy. 76

CONFERENCE SPEAKERS JAMES GRAINGER, PhD, Analytical/Environmental Chemist, Center for Disease Control and Preventive Dr James Grainger is an analytical/environmental chemist at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, currently responsible for the PAH Adducts Group in the National Center for Environmental Health. Primary projects include development of new analytical methods for extending analytical exposure windows for organic environmental toxicants through human exposure profiles of DNA, serum albumin and hemoglobin adducts. Born in South Carolina, he received a BS in chemistry from South Carolina State College, a MS degree in physical/organic chemistry from Atlanta University, and a PhD in polymer/organic chemistry from Atlanta University. Dr Grainger has developed and presented a variety of talks on African origins of mathematics, science and technology, developing a multidisciplinary course on a chemistry platform entitled Prehistoric Future Chemistry I. The course examines the development of art, mathematics, science and technology in five river civilizations from the Stone Age to the Iron Age and was taught for two years at Spelman College. Dr Grainger currently serves as NOBCChE Southeast Regional Chair. Central to his variety of interests are family interactions with wife, Barbara, daughter Adrienne, son Daren and grandchildren AJ and Ari.

Tuesday, a.m.

Percy L. Julian Lecture 8:30 a.m. – 9:30 p.m.

M101

Award Winner

Dr. Thomas Mensah, Georgia Aerospace Corporation, Atlanta, GA Dr. Thomas Mensah is one of the four inventors of Fiber Optics Technology in the US. His pioneering Inventions helped moved fiber optics from the laboratories at Corning Glass Works into large scale manufacturing environment needed to produce optical fiber at low cost so that copper cables could be replaced throughout the country. This development helped launch the Broadband networks required to support the Internet technology as we know it today. Pictures and videos can be transmitted at the speed of light through this fiber optic media, leading to the birth of companies like Google, YouTube, Yahoo. The average person can now access information from libraries all over the world by typing a few strokes on the personal computer because of this fiber optics innovation. Dr. Mensah is also co –inventor of the Fiber Optics Missile technology, one of his key innovations when he moved from Corning Inc to AT&T Bell Laboratories. This development helped launched his company, Georgia Aerospace Corporation where he and his team manufacture advanced composite 77

CONFERENCE SPEAKERS structures for stealth aircraftand satellite systems. Dr. Mensah is also leading an effort to integrate carbon nanotubes into composite structures. Carbon Nanotubes will revolutionalize everything from windmill blades, to advanced batteries that will power future electric cars.

Tuesday, a.m.

Award Symposium 2 9:45 a.m. – 11:45 a.m. Henry McBay Outstanding Teacher Award Symposium: STEM Education Award Winner

M101

Dr. Gloria T. MaGee, Assistant Professor of Chemistry Xavier University, New Orleans, LA Dr. Gloria Thomas MaGee received a bachelorʹs degree in chemistry in 1996 from Southern University and A&M College in Baton Rouge, LA, where she was both Timbuktu Academy and Packard Foundation Scholars. During her undergraduate years, she participated in several internships at The Upjohn Company (Kalamazoo, MI) and Albemarle Corp. (Baton Rouge, LA). MaGee also worked in the chemical industry for a brief period before earning a doctorate in chemistry at Louisiana State University in 2002 as a Louisiana Board of Regents and American Association of University Women Fellow. MaGee was a National Research Council Postdoctoral Fellow at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (2002 – 2003) and an Assistant Professor at Mississippi State University (2003 – 2007). She is now an Assistant Professor at Xavier University in New Orleans. Dr. MaGee is the 2007 Chair of the National Science Foundation Chemistry Division Leadership Group for the Research Experiences for Undergraduates (REU) Program, is a member of the Executive Board of the National Organization of Black Chemists and Chemical Engineers (NOBCChE), and is actively involved in the American Chemical Society (ACS) as the National Meeting Activities Sub‐committee Chair of the Younger Chemists Committee. In each of these roles, Dr. MaGee is passionate about broadening the participation of underrepresented groups in the chemical sciences and sharing her personal experiences. She has also worked with at‐risk youth through groups such as the Research and Engineering Apprenticeship Program, Court Appointed Special Advocates (for foster children), the Girl Scouts of America and Masonic organizations. Her experiences have been honored as 2007 recipient of the Stanley C. Israel Award for Advancing Diversity in the Chemical Sciences. Dr. MaGee’s professional interests include bioanalytical applications of electrophoresis and microdevice technology, and new technologies and strategies in chemical education. She also enjoys photography and iEverything. 78

CONFERENCE SPEAKERS

Tuesday, pm.

Percy L. Julian Luncheon Lecture 12:00 p.m. – 1:30 p.m.

Imperial

Michael E. Kassner, Ph.D. Director, Office of Research (Discovery & Invention) Dr. Michael E. Kassner, is the newly appointed Director for the Office of Research (Discovery Division) of the Office of Naval Research. He started at the Office of Naval Research in October 2009. Dr. Kassner came to ONR from the University of Southern California (USC), where he was a professor and chair of the Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering and professor of materials science. The director of research is responsible to the chief of naval research for the overall integration of the discovery and invention (D&I) science and technology portfolio in support of naval needs. Before USC, Kassner served in two high‐level roles at Oregon State University as the Northwest Aluminum professor of mechanical engineering and director, graduate program in materials science. Kassner has also held positions at the University of California, San Diego; Naval Postgraduate School; Department of Energy; and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory which are all relevant to his new role at ONR. Dr. Kassner is a Fellow of the ASM and Fellow of ASME, and a Fulbright Senior Scholar; and served as a member of the editorial board for the International Journal of Plasticity, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions, Materials Letters and the Journal of Metallurgy. He has more than 37 years of experience in research and higher education. His more than 200 published works are recognized nationally by his peers. He holds a doctorate and master of science degree in materials science and engineering from Stanford University, and a bachelor´s degree in Science‐Engineering from Northwestern University.

Tuesday, p.m.

Award Symposium 3 1:45 p.m. – 3:45 p.m. Lloyd Ferguson Young Scientist Award Symposium – Materials Chemistry

Award Winner

M101

SHERINE O. OBARE Dr. Sherine Obare is currently an Associate Professor of Inorganic Chemistry at Western Michigan University. She received a B.S. in Chemistry from West Virginia State University in 1998. She then obtained a Ph.D. in Chemistry from the University of South Carolina in 2002 with Professor Catherine J. Murphy. Thereafter, she joined Professor Gerald J. Meyer’s research laboratory at The Johns Hopkins University as a Dreyfus Postdoctoral Fellow. In 2004, Dr. Obare joined Western Michigan 79

CONFERENCE SPEAKERS University. Her research interests lie in the area of designing nanoscale materials with controlled size and shape to gain a fundamental understanding of their chemical and physical properties. She studies the optical, catalytic, magnetic and electrochemical properties of these materials and works toward exploiting their use toward environmental remediation, sensor development, biomass conversion, and alternative energy. Her work has been featured in several publications, review articles and book chapters. Her research program is currently funded by the National Science Foundation, the Department of Defense, the Army Research Office and the Michigan Economic Development Corporation. She is the Director of the NIH‐sponsored Bridges to the Baccalaureate Program at Western Michigan University, a program that recruits underrepresented minority students from community colleges in Michigan and supports them to pursue advanced degrees in biomedical and behavioral sciences. Dr. Obare is the recipient of the 2009 George Washington Carver Teaching Excellence Award, the 2009 International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) Young Observer Award, the National Science Foundation CAREER award, the ACS PROGRESS/Dreyfus Lectureship Award, the American Chemical Society Younger Chemists Committee Leadership Development Award and the Carl Storm Fellowship. Dr. Obare is an Associate Editor for the Journal of Nanomaterials. She is also a member of the NOBCChE Secondary Education Committee and is currently serving as Chair of the Science Fair.

Tuesday, p.m.

Forensic Workshop: 1:45 p.m. ‐ 5:45 p.m. “The Chemistry of Crime” sponsored by the DEA, CBP and DHS

M103 & M104

Instructors: Darrell Davis, Drug Enforcement Administration, South Central Laboratory, Dallas, TX April L. Idleburg, Drug Enforcement Administration, Nashville Sub‐Regional Laboratory Renee Stevens, Customs and Border Protection Laboratory, Springfield, VA Charlotte Smith‐Baker, Harris County Medical Examiner’s Office, Houston, TX Joe Maberry, Drug Enforcement Agency, South Central Laboratory, Dallas, TX Mr. Darrell L. Davis, South Central Laboratory Director US Drug Enforcement Administration Dallas, TX Mr. Darrell L. Davis is the Laboratory Director of The Drug Enforcement Administration’s, (DEA) South Central Laboratory. Mr. Davis career began in 1979, as a graduate from Prairie View A & M University where he received a Bachelor of Science Degree in Chemistry. He accepted a position as a forensic chemist with DEA’s Southwest Laboratory in San Diego, California. As a forensic chemist, Davis was responsible for analyzing seized evidence for the presence of controlled substances. Mr. Davis 80

CONFERENCE SPEAKERS was also qualified as an expert witness in over 10 states. After leaving the Southwest Laboratory in 1988, Mr. Davis transferred to the South Central Laboratory in Dallas, Texas where he was promoted to Senior Forensic Chemist. Davis was a leader in the laboratory as an expert in the seizure of clandestine laboratories. Additionally, he trained law enforcement personnel and state and local chemists in the manufacture of control substances. After two years in Dallas, Mr. Davis was promoted to Supervisory Chemist at the Northeast Laboratory in New York City, New York. There he was responsible for supervising over 10 employees. He later transferred to the Office of Forensic Sciences in Arlington, Virginia, and served as a Program Manager until he accepted his current position. Mr. Davis has received numerous awards which includes; 2 Outstanding Contributions, 3 Sustained Superior Performance, 2 Special Act or Service, 1 Outstanding performance, and a host of other recognition awards from DEA and other organizations. Mr. Davis was recently honored by the Black Engineers of the Year for Professional Achievement. The DEA’s laboratory system is recognized worldwide as the premier forensic drug laboratory. Mr. Davis takes great pride in being Laboratory Director of the DEA’s South Central Laboratory. April L. Idleburg, Drug Enforcement Administration, Nashville Sub‐Regional Laboratory April L. Idleburg is the Supervisory Chemist at the Drug Enforcement Administrationʹs (DEA) Nashville Sub‐Regional Laboratory (NSRL) in Nashville, TN. She began her government career as a Forensic Chemist at the South Central Laboratory in Dallas, Texas in 1992. In her current position she is responsible for the management and oversight of all laboratory operations for NSRL. She is formerly the Associate Laboratory Director of the Mid‐Atlantic Laboratory in Largo, MD where she served the laboratory’s Quality Assurance Manager for more than four years.

From May 2003 to October 2004, Mrs. Idleburg was assigned to the DEA, Office of Training, where she provided training for State and Local Police Officers. More than 500 officers from throughout the continental United States, Hawaii, and Canada attended her sessions in the manufacturing process and synthesis of Methamphetamine. Her teaching included a both lecture and hands‐on synthesis of several clandestinely manufactured drugs. Most importantly she provided instruction on how to safely dismantle clandestine laboratories and collect the necessary evidence for successful prosecution in the courts of law. During this time period Mrs. Idleburg was spotlighted by several news programs and news papers. She has published two scientific papers: ʺPi donating Ability of Oxygen‐17ʺ and ʺProblems with the Detection of Marijuana Traces using IMS Instrumentationʺ.

Mrs. Idleburg was born in LaGrange, Georgia. She received her Masters in Public Administration at American University in Washington, DC. in May 2006. She earned her Bachelor of Science Degree in Chemistry from Jackson State University, Jackson, Mississippi.

She is an active lifetime member of Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc., Jackson State University National Alumni, and the National Association for the Advancement of Black Chemists and Chemical Engineers (NOBCChE). She served for three years as the Vice President of the DC Metro 81

CONFERENCE SPEAKERS Chapter of NOBCChE. Mrs. Idleburg is also very active in her church and the Christian community. She is a Life Coach and Inspirational Advisor, and serves as Founder and Director of Ready for the World, LLC, an empowerment organization purposed to assist others in living out their purpose in life with passion and intent.

Mrs. Idleburg resides in the Nashville, TN area with her husband James W. Idleburg; she strongly believes that ʺif I can help somebody…then my living will not be in vain!ʺ Charlotte Smith‐Baker, Harris County Medical Examiner’s Office, Houston, TX Dr. Charlotte Smith‐Baker is a Toxicologist for the Harris County Medical Examiner’s Office. Dr. Baker received her Ph.D. degree in Environmental Toxicology from Texas Southern University. She also holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Chemistry from Sam Houston State University and a Master of Science degree in Chemistry from Texas Southern University. Her love is forensic science. Her love for forensics took form when she completed an internship with the Harris County Medical Examiner’s Office in the Toxicology laboratory. The internship facilitated her ability to collaborate with the Harris County Medical Examiner’s Office for her dissertation entitled “Hair as an Indicator of Exposure to Pesticides”. Dr. Baker has won numerous honors and awards such as the Procter and Gamble Fellowship Award, and the Agilent Technologies Graduate Development Fellowship. She has also received the Research Centers Minority Institutes Graduate Research Assistantship and Ph.D. Environmental Toxicology Fellowship. Dr. Baker was an Environmental Medicine Rotation Program Fellow for CDC/ATSDR through the Association of Minority Health Professions Schools. She has also been an invited speaker for the Young Forensic Science Forum/American Academy of Forensic Science for the past three years. Joe M. Maberry Senior Fingerprint Specialist Drug Enforcement Administration Joe has worked for the Drug Enforcement Administration as a fingerprint specialist for over 17 years. He retired from the Dallas Police Department where he was a Detective with the Identification Division and conducted crime scene searches, developed and compared latent prints, and served as the Division Training Officer. He is also Past President of the International Association for Identification (IAI), a professional organization with over 6,000 members from around the world and is a Certified Latent 82

CONFERENCE SPEAKERS Print Examiner and a Certified Senior Crime Scene Analyst with the IAI. Joe graduated from the University of Texas at Arlington with a degree in Criminal Justice.

Tuesday, p.m.

Professional Development Workshop: 1:45 p.m. ‐ 3:45 p.m. ʺStand Out at a Professional Conferenceʺ sponsored by ACS and NOBCChE

M102

Erick Ellis, Jackson State University Erick Ellis is a graduate student at Jackson State University in the Chemistry Department. He received his B.S. degree in 2002 and M.S. degree in 2006 in Chemistry from Jackson State University. His graduate work is in the area of Synthetic Organic Chemistry of natural products such as, 11‐Deoxyfistularin‐3, which was shown to have anti‐cancer properties. He is a specialist in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR)/Electron Spin Resonance (ESR). NMR is the chemical analysis to determine the structures of complicated organic molecules. It is used to study a wide variety of nuclei, including 1H, 13C, 14N, 19F, and 31P. Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR)/Electron Spin Resonance (ESR), measures the absorption of microwave radiation corresponding to the energy splitting of an unpaired electron when it is placed in a strong magnetic field. It is a spectroscopic technique that detects the presence of these unpaired electrons in a chemical system. Erick has been the NMR and EPR/ESR Technician at Jackson State University for the past 3 years. His interests include mentoring and helping with the development of young males and females of the urban community in all fields. He is an active member in his community and Jackson State University in mentoring young males. He will complete his Ph.D. in Synthetic Organic Chemistry from Jackson State University in May 2010. Upon finishing his degree, Erick will become a Chemistry faculty member at a Historically Black College/University and help motivate and promote the importance of education to young males and females in his classroom and beyond. 83

CONFERENCE SPEAKERS

Tuesday, p.m.

“So You Think You Can Dance, What It Takes To Find A Job” 4:00 p.m. – 5:45 p.m.

M102

Nick Nikolaides, Ph.D. Manager, Doctoral Recruiting and University Relations The Procter and Gamble Company Dr. Nikolaides received his Ph.D. in Synthetic Organic Chemistry in 1989 from Cornell University under the direction of Professor Bruce Ganem. After a Postdoctoral Fellowship with Professor Gary H. Posner at The Johns Hopkins University, Dr. Nikolaides accepted employment at 3M Pharmaceuticals in their Drug Discovery group. While at 3M, he contributed towards the design and synthesis of immune response modifiers as antiviral agents. He then moved to Procter & Gamble Pharmaceuticals in 1994, where he spent the better part of 14 years in drug discovery targeting cardiovascular indications, creating and leading a late discovery/early development custom chemistry & scale‐up group, and more recently establishing a Competitive & Technical Intelligence function for P&G Global Health Care. He currently manages Procter & Gamble’s Doctoral Recruiting & University Relations efforts and is a key player in expanding P&G’s open innovation “Connect + Develop” business model.

CONFERENCE SPEAKERS

Wednesday, a.m.

“Academia: What Are Your Options” 9:00 a.m. ‐ 11:00 a.m. Isiah Warner, Ph.D. Department of Chemistry Louisiana State University

M105

Isiah M. Warner was born in DeQuincy, Louisiana on July 20, 1946. He graduated as Valedictorian of his high school class in 1964. He graduated Cum Laude from Southern University with a B.S. Degree in 1968. After working for Battelle Northwest in Richland, Washington for five years, he attended graduate school in chemistry at the University of Washington, receiving his PhD in analytical chemistry in June 1977. He was an assistant professor of chemistry at Texas A&M University from 1977 to 1982. He was awarded tenure and promotion to associate professor in 1982. However, he elected to join the faculty of Emory University as associate professor and was promoted to full professor in 1986. Dr. Warner was named to an endowed chair at Emory University in 1987, and was the Samuel Candler Dobbs Professor of Chemistry until he left in 1992. During the 1988/89 academic year, he was on leave to the National Science Foundation (NSF) as Program Officer for Analytical and Surface Chemistry. In August 1992, Dr. Warner joined Louisiana State University as Philip W. West Professor of Analytical and Environmental Chemistry. He was Chair of the Chemistry Department from July 1994‐97, and was appointed Boyd Professor of the LSU System in July 2000. In April 2001, Dr. Warner was appointed the Vice Chancellor for Strategic Initiatives. The primary research emphasis of Dr. Warnerʹs research group is the development and application of improved methodology (chemical, mathematical, and instrumental) for studies of complex chemical systems. His research interests include (1) fluorescence spectroscopy, (2) guest/host interactions, (3) studies in organized media, (4) spectroscopic applications of multichannel detectors, (5) chromatography, (6) environmental analyses and (7) mathematical analyses and interpretation of chemical data using chemometrics (chemical data analysis techniques). Dr. Warner has more than 230 published or in‐press articles in refereed journals since 1975. He has given more than 400 invited talks since 1979. He also has 5 US patents, and he has one other patent pending. He has chaired thirty‐one doctoral theses since 1982 and is currently supervising thirteen Ph.D. theses. Over the years, he has received many awards recognizing his scientific and mentoring efforts, including the NOBCChE Percy L. Julian Award in 1988, NOBCChE Outstanding Teacher Award in 1993, and the ACS Award for Encouraging Disadvantaged Student into the Sciences in 2003. 85

CONFERENCE SPEAKERS

Wednesday, a.m.

Professional Development Workshop: 9:00 am. ‐‐ 10:00 a.m. Chemistry at the National Science Foundation: New Programs, Funding Opportunities and Outreach Tyrone D. Mitchell, National Science Foundation

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Dr. Mitchell received a M.S. degree in Organic Chemistry from the University of Pittsburgh and a Ph.D. degree in Polymer Chemistry from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in Troy, NY. He worked 25 years at General Electric Co. where he co‐authored 16 technical publications and holds more than 25 US patents in the areas of organosilicon chemistry, polymer chemistry, and the synthesis of adhesion promoters for use in silicone sealants. He has served on the Board of Directors of the National Organization for the Professional Advancement of Black Chemists and Chemical Engineers and he has served on the Chemistry Section Committee of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. Dr. Mitchell retired from Corning Incorporated in 2001 and is now a Program Director in the Chemistry Division at the National Science Foundation in Arlington VA. Dr. Mitchell manages chemical research and education grants to numerous colleges and universities throughout the United States.

Charles Pibel, National Science Foundation Dr. Pibel received a B.S. degree in chemistry from Harvey Mudd College and a Ph.D. degree in Physical Chemistry from the University of California at Berkeley. Prior to coming to NSF, he was an Associate Professor at American University. For over ten years, he has enjoyed a fruitful collaboration with Prof. Joshua B. Halpern (Howard University) studying the spectroscopy and dynamics of molecular species in the gas phase. Dr. Pibel is currently a Program Director in the Integrative Chemistry Activities Program in the Chemistry Division at the National Science Foundation in Arlington VA. Dr. Pibel participates in the CRIF and MRI (instrumentation) Programs as well as the Division’s REU and ACC‐F Postdoctoral Fellows Programs. 86

CONFERENCE SPEAKERS “Professional Development Workshop: “Introduction to Project Management” 3:00 p.m. – 5:00 p.m.

Wednesday, p.m.

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James Hampton, Hampton Associates & Enterprises James S. Hampton is Executive Director of Hampton Associates and Enterprises, a Human Resources and youth development organization. He has more than 20 years experience in the design and delivery of development programs in human resources management, diversity, project management, leadership, individual coaching and performance management. He is experienced in effectively working in technical, global and multicultural organizations. Current client industries include Health Care, Pharmaceuticals, Food Service and Non‐Profit organizations. In addition to US based clients, Hampton Associates has served clients in Mexico, Sweden, the UK, Canada China, and South Africa.

James holds a Masters Degree in Organizational Dynamics from the University of Pennsylvania, a Certificate in Employee Development from the University of Delaware and a B.S Degree in Chemistry from Philadelphia University. He has also studied extensively with the NTL Institute for Behavioral Science and is certified in various developmental instruments and programs.

Wednesday, a.m.

Professional Development Workshop: 10:00 a.m. ‐ 11:00 a.m. ʺThe Internship: The Practice Field of Professional Trainingʺ Ramsey L. Smith, Ph.D., NASA

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Ramsey L. Smith is a Research Space Scientist, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). His currently on the instrument science team for the Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS) on the Landsat Data Continuity Mission (LDCM) and working with the infrared hetereodyne spectroscopy (IRHS) group to investigate various molecular species in planetary atmospheres. His research areas include instrument development for remote sensing spacecraft, 87

CONFERENCE SPEAKERS planetary atmospheric chemistry, flight instrument calibration and infrared spectroscopy of chemical species relevant to planetary atmospheres. A native of Detroit, Michigan, Ramsey attended Morehouse College where he earned a Bachelors of Science degree in Chemistry. As an undergraduate, his research experience began when he was awarded a Clark Atlanta University/NASA‐Partnership in Integration of Research in Education in Earth System Science scholarship, which gave him the opportunity to participate in atmospheric chemistry research. Ramsey earned his Ph.D. from Howard University where his dissertation advisor was Dr. Vernon Morris. During his tenure in graduate school his research focused on planetary atmospheric chemistry and centered around vacuum‐UV dissociative photoionization and FTIR spectroscopy. His dissertation was entitled: An Evaluation of the Fate of Octafluorocyclobutane and Hexafluoroethane In the Atmospheres of Terrestrial Planets. During his tenure in graduate school, he was awarded the NASA/United Negro College Fund Special Programs Harriett G. Jenkins Pre‐doctoral fellowship and Howard University/NASA Center for the Study of Terrestrial and Extraterrestrial Atmospheres Graduate Fellowship Award. At Howard University he served as the President of the Chemistry Graduate Student Association, Student Representative for Chemistry Department on the Carnegie Initiative on the Doctorate and he was a Lecturer for the Graduate School’s Peer Mentoring workshops. Dr. Smith was an ORAU/NASA Postdoctoral Fellow at NASA GFSC in the Planetary Systems Laboratory. His postdoctoral advisor was Dr. Theodor Kostiuk in the IRHS Group where his research projects included: Investigating Isotopic Carbon Dioxide in the Martian Atmosphere Using IRHS and High Spectral Resolution Infrared Study of Hydrocarbons in the Jovian Atmosphere. Dr. Smith was featured in the article “Moving the numbers: what must be done to prepare African Americans for opportunities in STEM fields” published in the July 2009 issue of Black Enterprise. He as also been quoted in several articles American Chemical Society’s publication Chemical and Engineering News, “Evolving The Doctorate Carnegie initiative inspires reshaping of Ph.D. programs to fit modern times” and “LOFTY GOALS: Describing The Doctorate”. During his personal time, Ramsey participates in community service and STEM related activities. Some of these activities include Susan G Koman Race for the Cure volunteer coordinator, Ann Arundel County Planet Walk Volunteer (Planet: Jupiter) for the International Year of Astronomy, career day speaker and science fair judge at various schools. He is a member of the following organizations: American Geophysical Union, National Society of Black Engineers (NSBE), NSBE‐ Space Special Interest Group and National Society of Black Chemist and Chemical Engineers. 88

CONFERENCE SPEAKERS

Wednesday, p.m.

Presenter:

Professional Development Workshop: 3:00 p.m. ‐ 5:00 p.m. ʺFinancial Strategies: Your Professional STEMulus Packageʺ Derry L. Haywood, II, The Peninsula Financial Group

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Derry Haywood, II The Peninsula Financial Group Mr. Derry L. Haywood, II is the owner and founder of The Peninsula Financial Group, a full service financial services firm. Since 1995 PFG has been providing financial services to the community at large for 24 years. PFG currently operates in Virginia, North Carolina, Maryland, Texas, and Indiana. The Peninsula Financial Group has developed extensive experience in providing insurance and financial services. The companies PFG represent provide financial and benefit services to businesses, churches, non‐profit organizations, individuals and families. Among those services are deferred compensation plans, pension and profit sharing individual life, health, and disability insurance. The Peninsula Financial has provided invaluable investment counseling to a spectrum of business and community organizations – including professional and student groups at NOBCChE national and regional meetings for the past 9 years.

Wednesday, p.m. Thursday, a.m.

Professional Development Workshop ʺHermannʹs Whole Brain Thinking Model ‐ Understand Thinking Styles.ʺ 3:00 p.m. – 5:00 p.m. 1:00 p.m. – 3:00 p.m. Sponsored by Procter & Gamble

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Martha White Warren

Associate Director of Human Resources Procter & Gamble Company Martha White‐Warren has been with The Procter & Gamble Company (P&G) for 28 years. During this time, she has acquired a broad range of experience in human resource management, organization development, and training and development. Having worked at all of P&G’s North America sites as well as several in Europe, Latin America, an d Asia, Martha has touched every P&G brand and a diverse population of P&G 89

CONFERENCE SPEAKERS people. In her current role, Martha is an Associate Director responsible for Organization Development for P&G’s Corporate Purchasing Division.

Martha is well known and well respected internally and externally for getting organizations and processes back on track and delivering benchmark results. Because of this, she is a sought after change agent who has been a consultant to several municipalities, non‐profits, and government agencies, including the City of Albany (GA), the United Way of Iowa City, and the Department of Commerce, to name a few.

Prior to P&G, Martha completed a B.A. in Psychology at Rockford College and a M.S. in Organization Development at Pepperdine University. She also enjoyed a 15 year career with The Chrysler Corporation, where she was a Manufacturing Manager with responsibilities for Supply Chain Operations.

Thursday, a.m.

Professional Development Workshop: 9:00 a.m. ‐ 11:00 a.m. ʺMaking an Impact on Your Research Project: Lessons from the Benchʺ

M102

Presenters:

Lamont Terrell, PhD, GlaxoSmithKline; James Tarver, PhD, Lexicon Pharmaceuticals; Ronald Lewis, II, PhD, Pfizer, Inc

Lamont Terrell, PhD Lamont Terrell attended Texas Southern University as a Fredrick Douglas honor student in Houston,TX and earned a B.S. degree in Chemistry in 1995. As an undergraduate student, he studied inorganic chemistry under the direction of Professor Bobby Wilson. The focus of his research was the development of oil‐ soluble zirconium (IV) complexes as process catalyst for direct coal liquefaction. In addition to the undergraduate research on campus, he spent two summer internships at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Oak Ridge, TN and one summer with Dow Chemicals in Midland, MI. Under the direction and guidance of Professor Robert Maleczka, Jr. at Michigan State University, he studied organic synthesis, completed the total synthesis of the antileukemic natural product amphidinolide A, and earned a Ph.D. in 2001. Upon completion of his graduate studies at MSU, he continued his synthetic training with a two‐ year postdoctoral stint with Professor Barry Trost at Standford University. The focus of his postdoctoral studies was the development of a catalytic dinuclear zinc asymmetric Mannich reaction. After completion of his postdoctoral studies, he obtained a position with GlaxoSmithKline in the cardiovascular medicinal chemistry group and has served as a senior chemist on several 90

CONFERENCE SPEAKERS projects over the last 6 years. Lamont has more than 10 peer reviewed publications and/or patents. He has received numerous awards and scholarships throughout his academic training with a highlight being the 1998 NOBCChE Eastman Kodak / Dr. Theophilus Sorrell Fellowship. Lamont is a veteran NOBCChE member. He was introduced to NOBCChE as an undergraduate in 1994 and has remained involved with NOBCChE throughout his academic training and professional career.

Ronald D. Lewis, II, PhD Pfizer Global Research Ronald D. Lewis, II received his B.A. in Chemistry from Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore MD in 1990. As an undergraduate, he worked as a Summer Intern at the Gillette Company, Boston, MA in the Personal Care Division. This experience helped cultivate his interest in chemistry as a career. He received his Ph.D. degree in Organic chemistry from Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT in 1997. His research focused on the use of biocatalysts (Aldolase Enzymes) as reagents in organic synthesis. During this time, he served as a chemistry and math tutor; served as Chair of the Minorities in Sciences Lecture Series, which was geared toward encouraging and retaining minority students in the sciences. In 1996, he moved to San Diego for a postdoctoral fellowship at The Scripps Research Institute with Dr. Carlos F. Barbas, III. Our innovative research focused on the utilization of monoclonal antibodies, produced by a novel process called “Reactive Immunization,” as catalytic reagents. Since 1999, he has been working as a medicinal chemist in the local biopharmaceutical and contract manufacturing industries at Corvas International and Discovery Partners International (now BioFocus DPI). Currently, he is working as a medicinal chemist at Pfizer Global Research and Development in La Jolla, CA. Dr. Lewis has had the privilege of working on several interdisciplinary programs targeting Cardiovascular and Infectious Diseases, Breast, Prostate Cancer, and obesity. Dr. Lewis is an active member of the National Organization for the Professional Advancement of Black Chemists and Chemical Engineers (NOBCChE). Currently, he serves on the Executive Board and is the San Diego chapter President. He has worked vigorously promoting the goals and objectives of NOBCChE (www.nobcche.org) within the local community and target schools. James Tarver Jr., PhD

Lexicon Pharmaceuticals James E. Tarver, Jr. was born in Honolulu, HI in 1975. Growing up in a military family, he moved throughout country every three years, ultimately finishing high school in Memphis, TN. James attended Morehouse College where he was the recipient of the Ronald E. McNair NASA Scholarship, DuPont Minority Scholarship, and National Merit/Achievement Scholarship. At Morehouse, his love for math was quickly married with chemistry after initiation in Dr. Henry C. McBay’s introductory chemistry 91

CONFERENCE SPEAKERS course. He spent two years researching in the laboratory of the Late Professor Morris Waugh where he developed a passion for organic chemistry. In 1997, James graduated Magna Cum Laude from Morehouse College with a B.S. in Chemistry & Mathematics, including college honors, departmental honors and Phi Beta Kappa distinction. James began graduate school at the University of Pennsylvania where he studied under Professor Madeleine M. Joullié. While at UPENN, he became one of the founding members of the University of Pennsylvania NOBCChE student chapter and earned a UNCF‐Merck Dissertation Fellowship. James’s research focused on the total synthesis of a tyrosine‐constrained analog of Didemnin B, a potent bioactive marine product, and novel synthetic approaches to non‐proteinogenic amino acids in the natural product Cyclomarin A. In 2003, he completed his Ph.D. in Organic Chemistry and accepted a research position at Lexicon Pharmaceuticals (Princeton, NJ) in the medicinal chemistry department. James has driven medicinal chemistry research at Lexicon both as an individual researcher and in his current role as a project leader, particularly in the areas of immunology, inflammation and osteoporosis. He was a member of the team that discovered LX2931, presently in Phase IIa trials for rheumatoid arthritis. Dr. Tarver is currently the acting President of the Delaware Valley Chapter of NOBCChE and is also active in the NY/NJ chapter.

Thursday, a.m.

Presenters:

Plenary IV 11:00 A.M. – 12:00 N M101 Nigerian Society of Chemical Engineers Plenary “Development Of

Relevant Skills Required For Industry In Young Chemical Engineers Trained From Universities In Nigeria For Optimum Performance In Indurstry” Prof Francis O. Olatunji President, NSChE, Lagos. Nigeria.

Professor Olatunji is a renowned Professor of Chemical Engineering. He retired recently from the University of Lagos. He had his first degree in Biochemistry from the University of Ibadan, and his M.Sc. and Ph.D. in Chemical Engineering from University College, London. Professor Olatunji worked with Dunlop (Nig.) Limited and Guinness (Nig.) Limited in the early ‘60s before joining Federal Institute of Industrial Research (FIIRO) in 1966 as Research Officer and rose to become Head of Food and Fermentation Division after eight (8) years of service. Professor Olatunji then moved to University of Lagos as a Lecturer 1 in 1974, where he lectured for over three decades. At the University of Lagos: He was an Associate Professor in the Department of Chemical Engineering 1987 – 1998, Professor of Chemical Engineering in 1989, Head of Department 1989 – 1990, Sub‐Dean School of Postgraduate Studies 1991 – 1993, Dean, School of Postgraduate studies 2003 – 2007. 92

CONFERENCE SPEAKERS Professor Olatunji has also served the nation in various capacities such as: Hon. Secretary, Committee of Deans of Postgraduate Schools (CDPGS) in Nigerian Universities, 2003 – 2007. External Examiner to University of Ibadan, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile‐Ife, 1984 ‐ 2007,External Examiner to YABATECH’s Department of Food and Chemical Technology, 1984 – 1985,Chairman, National University Commission (NUC) Accreditation Team to Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (LAUTECH) and Federal University of Technology (FUT), Yola, 1995 and 1996, Chairman, Task Force on Design and Fabrication of Bakers’ Yeast Plant, Federal Ministry of Science and Technology Project, 1986 – 1992, Chairman, Task Force on Model Phosphate Beneficiating Plant in Sokoto, RMRDC project, 1992 – 1995, Chairman, NetTel@Africa Academic Board, 2007, Vice Chairman, Centre for Entrepreneurship and Corporate Governance (CECG) Management Committee, 2003 – 2007.

Thursday, p.m.

Technical Session 7 1:00 p.m. – 5:00 p.m. Global Sustainability in Science, Engineering and Policy Sponsored by NOBCChE, AiChE and NSChE

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Invited Speaker CREDENTIALING – MAKING SUSTAINABILITY SUSTAINABLE

Deborah L. Grubbe, PE, CEng. AIChE‐Institute for Sustainability Deborah Grubbe is owner and principal of Operations and Safety Solutions, LLC, a consultancy that specializes in safety and operations troubleshooting and support. Deborah is the former Vice President of Group Safety for BP plc, which had its two safest years ever during her tenure. She was trained in the characteristics of safe operations during her 27 year career at DuPont, where she held corporate director positions in engineering, operations and safety. Deborah is a member of the NASA Aerospace Safety Advisory Panel, and served as a consultant on safety culture to the Columbia Shuttle Accident Investigation Board. Deborah currently serves on the Purdue University College of Engineering Dean’s Advisory Council, and is Co Chair of the Purdue University President’s Diversity Committee. .She is a member of the closure committee for the Demilitarization of the US Chemical Weapons Stockpile, and is a trustee of the National Safety Council. She is Chair of the Institute for Sustainability, and is a retired Board Member of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers. Deborah obtained a Bachelor of Science in Chemical Engineering with Highest Distinction from Purdue University, and received a Winston 93

CONFERENCE SPEAKERS Churchill Fellowship to study chemical engineering at Cambridge University in England. A native of Illinois, she received the Purdue Distinguished Engineering Alumni Award in 2002, and, in that same year, was named “Engineer of the Year” in the State of Delaware.

Friday, a.m.

Science Competition Awards Luncheon (ticketed), 11:30 p.m. ‐ 1:45 p.m.

Imperial

Charles F. Bolden, Jr. (Major General, USMC Ret.) NASA Administrator Nominated by President Barack Obama and confirmed by the U.S. Senate, retired Marine Corps Major General Charles Frank Bolden, Jr., began his duties as the twelfth Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration on July 17, 2009. As Administrator, he leads the NASA team and manages its resources to advance the agencyʹs missions and goals. Boldenʹs confirmation marks the beginning of his second stint with the nationʹs space agency. His 34‐year career with the Marine Corps included 14 years as a member of NASAʹs Astronaut Office. After joining the office in 1980, he traveled to orbit four times aboard the space shuttle between 1986 and 1994, commanding two of the missions. His flights included deployment of the Hubble Space Telescope and the first joint U.S.‐Russian shuttle mission, which featured a cosmonaut as a member of his crew. Prior to Boldenʹs nomination for the NASA Administratorʹs job, he was employed as the Chief Executive Officer of JACKandPANTHER LLC, a small business enterprise providing leadership, military and aerospace consulting, and motivational speaking. A resident of Houston, Bolden was born Aug. 19, 1946, in Columbia, S.C. In 1964, he received an appointment to the U.S. Naval Academy. Bolden earned a B.S. degree in electrical science in 1968 and was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the Marine Corps. After completing flight training in 1970, he became a naval aviator. Bolden flew more than 100 combat missions in North and South Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia, while stationed in Namphong, Thailand, from 1972‐1973. After returning to the U.S., Bolden served in a variety of positions in the Marine Corps in California and earned a master of science degree in systems management from the University of Southern California in 1977. Following graduation, he was assigned to the Naval Test Pilot School at Patuxent River, Md., and completed his training in 1979. While working at the Naval Air Test Centerʹs Systems Engineering and Strike Aircraft Test Directorates, he tested a variety of ground attack aircraft until his selection as an astronaut candidate in 1980. Boldenʹs NASA astronaut career included technical assignments as the Astronaut Office Safety Officer; Technical Assistant to the Director of Flight Crew Operations; Special Assistant to the Director of the Johnson Space Center; Chief of the Safety Division at Johnson (overseeing safety efforts for the return to flight after the 1986 Challenger accident); lead astronaut for vehicle test and checkout at the Kennedy Space Center; and Assistant Deputy Administrator at NASA 94

CONFERENCE SPEAKERS Headquarters. After his final space shuttle flight in 1994, he left the agency to return to active duty as the Deputy Commandant of Midshipmen at the U.S. Naval Academy. Bolden was assigned as the Deputy Commanding General of the 1st Marine Expeditionary Force in the Pacific in 1997. During the first half of 1998, he served as Commanding General of the 1st Marine Expeditionary Force Forward in support of Operation Desert Thunder in Kuwait. Bolden was promoted to his final rank of major general in July 1998 and named Deputy Commander of U.S. Forces in Japan. He later served as the Commanding General of the 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing at Marine Corps Air Station Miramar in San Diego, Calif., from 2000 until 2002, before retiring from the Marine Corps in 2003. Boldenʹs many military decorations include the Defense Superior Service Medal and the Distinguished Flying Cross. He was inducted into the U.S. Astronaut Hall of Fame in May 2006. Bolden is married to the former Alexis (Jackie) Walker of Columbia, S.C. The couple has two children: Anthony Che, a lieutenant colonel in the Marine and Kelly Michelle, a medical doctor now serving a fellowship in plastic surgery.

NATIONAL CONFERENCE COMMITTEE Conference Chair Sandra K. Parker The Dow Chemical Company

Conference Co-Chair Sharon L. Kennedy, PhD Colgate-Palmolive Company   

Core Team Chairs Meeting Planner & Site Logistics Tim O’Neill Leading Edge Marketing and Planning, Inc. Secondary Education Linda Davis

Conference Participation Felicia Barnes-Beard

Committee for Programs Action Services (CAPS)

The Dow Chemical Company Bernice Green

Spellman College Finance Dale Mack National Treasurer

New Business Development Ken Smith, PhD Elementis Specialties Workshops/Symposiums/Technical Programs Rebecca Tinsley, PhD Colgate-Palmolive Company   

Ex-Officio Member Victor McCrary, PhD ~ National President The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (JHU APL)

NATIONAL CONFERENCE COMMITTEE Sub-Committees Valerie Goss Notre Dame University

Meeting Planning/Site Logistics Tim Oâ€™Neill, Meeting Planner Leading Edge Marketing and Planning, Inc.

Technical Programs Rebecca A Tinsley, PhD Colgate-Palmolive Company

Patty Blanchard, Onsite Staff Leading Edge Marketing and Planning, Inc

Kwame Owusu-Adom, PhD 3M Corporation

Marketing/Printing/Publishing Tony Dent, PhD Retiree, PQ Corporation

Nikisha Bent The Dow Chemical Company

Terri Robinson Terri Robinson Presents

Conference Speakers William Jackson, PhD University of California, Davis

New Business Development Kenneth Smith, PhD, Chair Elementis Specialties

Malika Jeffries-EL, PhD Iowa State University

Dale Mack Morehouse School of Medicine

Victor McCrary, PhD JHU Applied Physics Laboratory

Cassandra Broadus Morehouse School of Medicine

Technical Workshops Rebecca A. Tinsley, PhD Colgate-Palmolive Company

Darrell Davis Committee for Program Action Services (CAPS)

Derry Haywood The Peninsula Financial Group

Erick Ellis, PhD Jackson State University

Victor McCrary, PhD JHU Applied Physics Laboratory

Conference Awards Calvin James PhD, Chair Lubrizol Corporation

Professional Development Workshops Talitha Hampton, Chair Merck & Co., Inc

Sharon Kennedy PhD, Co-Chair Colgate-Palmolive Company

Maisha Gray-Diggs, PhD Procter & Gamble

Christine Grant PhD University of North Carolina

Takiya J. Ahmed, PhD CENTC, University of Washington 98

NATIONAL CONFERENCE COMMITTEE Community Outreach Programs/HBCU

Rebecca Tinsley PhD Colgate-Palmolive Company

G. Dale Wesson PhD, PE, Co-Chair SC State University

Talitha Hampton PhD Merck & Company, Inc

Alvin Kennedy PhD, Co-Chair Morgan State University

Marlon Walker PhD National Institute of Standards and Technology

Student Support Adedunni Adeyemo National Student Representative The Ohio State University

Proceedings Tommie Royster PhD, Chair Eastman Kodak Company

Career Expo Kenneth Smith PhD, Chair Elementis Specialties

Dinah Jordan Princeton University

Dale Mack Morehouse School of Medicine

Alison Williams PhD Barnard University

Henry Beard Temple University

Jesse Edwards PhD Florida A&M University

Teachers Workshop Linda Davis, Chair

Conference Registration Felicia Barnes-Beard, Co-Chair The Dow Chemical Company

Committee for Action Program Services (CAPS)

Sheila Turner Marine Corp Recruit Depot

Bernice Green, Co-Chair Spellman College

Joyce Chesley-Dent Retiree, Federal Government

Brenda Brown San Diego Unified School District

Jennifer Stimpson Dallas Independent School District

Celeste Tidwell San Diego Unified School District

Science Bowl/Science Fair Saphronia Johnson, Co-Chair Benedict College

Shirley Hall Retiree, San Diego City Government

Sherine Oâ€™Bare, Co-Chair Western Michigan University

Dorothy Haynes Retiree, Rohm and Haas Company

Sheila Turner Marine Corp Recruit Depot

Henry Beard Temple University

Rodney Dotson CCNY 99

NOTES

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Cherokee Pharmaceuticals LLC Corporate Office 1835 Market Street • Suite 1100 • Philadelphia, PA 19103-2917 Telephone: (215) 988-8979 • Fax: (215) 569-1925

www.cherokee-pharma.com Manufacturing Site 100 Avenue C • PO Box 367 • Riverside, PA 17868-0367 Telephone: (570) 275-2220 • Fax: (570) 271-2121

The 37 Annual Technology Conference of The National Organization for the Professional Advancement of Black Chemists and Chemical Engineers

Conference Abstracts Book

Atlanta Marriott Marquis Hotel

Congratulates THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY

OUR PRESIDENT, DR. JOSEPH S. FRANCISCO, FOR BEING CHOSEN BY NOBCChE TO DELIVER THE KEYNOTE ADDRESS AT THE HENRY HILL LUNCHEON.

TECHNICAL CONFERENCE AT A GLANCE

TABLE OF CONTENTS Technical Conference at a Glance

Technical Abstracts

Poster Abstracts

TECHNICAL PROGRAM AT A GLANCE Date

Description

Day /Time

Room Event

Room Location

Monday, March 29 12:00 p.m. ‐ 1:30 p.m.

3:30 p.m. ‐‐ 6:00 p.m.

3:30 p.m. ‐ 6:00 p.m..

4:00 p.m. ‐ 6:00 p.m.

Henry Hill Luncheon Dr. Joseph Francisco, President, American Chemical Society, Guest Speaker (ticketed)

Georgia Institute of Technology Technical Session

Technical Session 1: Organic Chemistry Georgia Institute of Technology Technical Session

Technical Session 2: Analytical and Environmental Chemistry Award Symposium 1: The Winifred Burks‐ Houck Womenʹs Leadership Symposium: Women of Color Reshaping our Economy through Science

Imperial

M102

M105

M106

Tuesday, March 30 8:30 a.m. ‐ 9:30 a.m.

Plenary II: Percy Julian Lecture

M101

Corning Technical Session

9:45 a.m. ‐ 11:45 a.m.

Award Symposium 2: Henry McBay Outstanding Teacher Award Symposium: STEM Education

M101

Corning Technical Session

9:45 a.m. ‐ 11:45 a.m. 9:45 a.m. ‐ 11:45 a.m.

Technical Session 3: Chemical Engineering Corning Technical Sessions

Technical Session 4: Physical Chemistry

M102 M105

TECHNICAL PROGRAM AT A GLANCE 1:45 p.m. ‐ 3:45 p.m.

Award Symposium 3: Lloyd Ferguson Young Scientist Award Symposium: Materials Chemistry

M101

1:45 p.m. ‐ 3:45 p.m.

Technical Session 5: Biochemistry

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4:00 p.m. ‐ 5:45 p.m. Technical Session 6: Next Generation Technologies Wednesday, March 31

3:00 p.m. ‐ 5:00 p.m.

Collegiate Scientific Exchange Poster Session sponsored by Colgate Palmolive

Thursday, April 1

Award Symposium 4: Undergraduate Research Competition Program Plenary IV: Nigerian Society of Chemical Engineers Presentation Award Symposium 5: Milligan Competition

8:00 a.m. ‐ 10:00 a.m.

11:00 a.m. ‐12:00 p.m. 1:00 p.m. – 4:00 p.m.

M105

Marquis Ballroom

M101

M101 M104

1:00 p.m. ‐ 5:00 p.m.

Technical Session 7: ʺGlobal Sustainability Symposium in Science, Engineering and Policyʺ sponsored by NOBCChE, AiChE and NSChE

M106

3:00 p.m. ‐ 5:00 p.m.

Award Symposium 6: Graduate Student Fellowship Sci‐Mix Symposium

M101

3:00 p.m. ‐ 5:00 p.m.

Technical Session 8: Inorganic Chemistry

M102

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS Monday, PM

Session Chair

Georgia Institute of Technology Technical Session Technical Session 1 3:30 P.M. – 6:00 P.M. Organic Chemistry Sandra Mwakwari, Ph.D.

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Presenters DESIGN AND SYNTHESES OF NON‐PEPTIDE MACROCYCLIC HISTONE DEACETYLASE INHIBITORS (HDACI) – DERIVED FROM TRICYCLIC KETOLIDES – FOR TARGETED LUNG CANCER THERAPY Sandra C. Mwakwari*, William Guerrant, and Adegboyega K. Oyelere School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332‐0400 USA Abstract

3:30 – 3:50

Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) are an emerging class of novel anti‐cancer drugs that cause growth arrest, differentiation, and apoptosis of tumor cells. In addition, they have shown promise as anti‐parasitic, neurodegenerative, rheumatology, and immosuppressant agents, among others. Of the several structurally distinct small molecule HDACi reported, macrocyclic depsipeptides posses the most complex cap‐groups and have demonstrated excellent inhibition potency. However, their development has been hampered due to lack of natural products and their complex synthesis. Herein, we report a new class of macrocyclic HDACi, based on the macrolide – tricyclic ketolide – antibiotic skeleton as a peptide mimic. These compounds have demonstrated improved anti‐HDAC activity with IC50 in the low nanomolar range and HDAC1 and HDAC2 isoform selectivity. DESIGN, SYNTHESIS, AND APPLICATION OF PEGYLATED PEPTIDES 3:50 – 4:10 CONJUGATED TO PORPHYRINS Krystal Fontenot*, M. Graça H. Vicente Louisiana State University A & M College, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, 70803 Abstract The goal of this research is the synthesis and evaluation of water‐soluble peptides coupled to pegylated porphyrins. The conjugates herein were designed to target the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) that is predominately found on the surface of colon cancer cells. Six (EGFR‐L1) and twelve (EGFR‐L2) residue peptides were synthesized on a solid support using a Pioneer Peptide Synthesis system and then N‐ methylated on the N‐terminus (EGFR‐L1‐D1 & EGFR‐L2‐D2) to improve the stability of the peptide. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was used to purify the peptides and Circular Dichroism (CD), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), and Mass Spectrometry (MS) were used to assess their structural characteristics. CD revealed that the four peptides have a random coil structure up to 200 μM concentrations in H2O/TFE (9/1) at a pH of 7.00. At concentrations above 200 μM, EGFR‐L2 adopts a α‐Helix conformation that maybe due to concentration. 1H‐NMR and ESI‐MS were used to confirm the structure of the peptides. Two protocols were developed for the coupling of a 3‐PEG to the four peptides. The first protocol involves the use of EDC/HOBT in THF, and the second protocol includes the use of EDC/NHS in H2O. The pegylated 5

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS peptides will then be coupled to both water‐soluble and insoluble porphyrins. Coupling each peptide to a porphyrin will allow us to fluorescently label or detect tumor growths as a result of colorectal cancer. Current dyes used for detection do not enhance selectivity and fluoresce at lower wavelengths below 630 nm. The pegylated peptides conjugated to porphyrins as discussed herein provides better selectivity for colorectal cancer tumors, emits at longer wavelengths (above 650 nm), and enhances the ability for earlier detection. In vitro studies will be used to assess the properties of EGFR‐L1‐D1‐PEG‐POR, EGFR‐L2‐D1‐PEG‐POR, EGFR‐ L1‐PEG‐POR and EGFR‐L2‐PEG‐POR. In vivo studies will be carried out with the most promising molecules. SYNTHESIS OF NEW PORPHYRIN CONJUGATES WITH AFFINITY FOR 4:10 – 4:25 EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR Alecia M. McCall,* M. Graca Vicente Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) is being studied extensively to improve methods of detecting small tumors (< 5 mm). Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) is overexpressed in 95% of colorectal cancers and may prove to be an effective mechanism for detection of these growths. While in vivo imaging agents have been developed, these are unselective for cancerous and normal tissues and do not fluoresce at longer wavelengths. We propose improved agents for in vivo imaging, which have these desired characteristics. This project presents peptidic and non‐peptidic derivatives of meso‐tetraphenylporphyrin which were designed and synthesized with structural features that can potentially make them selective for Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR). The porphyrin conjugates are highly fluorescent and therefore will assist in delineating colorectal cancers via fluorescence‐based techniques. The usage of computational methods that showing optimized total lowest energy conformations for peptidic and non‐peptidic molecules with a specific affinity for EGFR is also shown. Our results have impact in the design of new molecules to improve present in vivo imaging techniques. APPROACHES TOWARD THE SYNTHESIS OF CHIRAL POLYARYLS 4:25 – 4:40 Donovan Thompson, Alan McDonald, Sierra Mitchell, and Dr. Karelle Aiken* Department of Chemistry, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA 30460 Abstract The synthesis of polyaryl compounds using “Lactone Concept” (LC) methodology will be reported. The LC approach was developed by Dr. Gerhard Bringmann and colleagues for the synthesis of biologically active, chiral biaryls. It is proposed that Dr. Bringman’s LC method can be extended to the synthesis of chiral polyaryls. Potential applications for the chiral polyaryl objective in this research involve use of the compounds (i) as glycomimetic inhibitors of enzymes and (ii) as ligands or, chiral auxiliaries in asymmetric reactions. Initial studies in this project are targeting the synthesis of simple triaryl and tetraryl compounds:

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS OH

O Br OH

"LC method" Lactone synthesis

"LC method"

Nu* O

Nu*

OH Nu*

Triaryl Lactone

Break MATRIX ISOLATION INVESTIGATION OF THE MECHANISM OF 4:50 – 5:05 TETRAMETHYLETHYLENE OZONOLYSIS Bridgett E. Coleman* and Bruce S. Ault University of Cincinnati, Department of Chemistry, Cincinnati, OH 45221 Abstract The matrix isolation technique, combined with infrared spectroscopy and twin jet codeposition has been used to characterize intermediates formed during the ozonolysis of tetramethylethylene (TME). Literature and experimental spectral comparisons provide evidence for the formation of the primary (POZ) and secondary (SOZ) ozonides for this system. The other possible intermediate is the unobserved Criegee intermediate (CI). POZ absorptions in the twin jet experiments grew slightly upon annealing to 35K. Merged jet (flow reactor) experiments generated “late” stable oxidation products of TME. A recently developed concentric jet method was also utilized to increase yields and monitor the concentration of intermediates and products formed at different times by varying the length of mixing distance (d = 0 to ‐11cm) before reaching the cold cell for spectroscopic detection. Identification of intermediates formed during the ozonolysis of TME is further supported by 18O isotopic labeling experiments and theoretical density functional calculations at the B3LYP/6‐311++G(d,2p) level. MECHANISM OF PHOTODECOMPOSITION OF TETRAZOLETHIONE 5:05 – 5:20 Olajide Alawode and Sundeep Rayat Kansas State University, Department of Chemistry, Manhattan, KS 66502 Abstract Tetrazolethiones chemistry has attracted significant attention because of their widespread applications in relevant fields such as industry, agriculture, photoimaging, and medicine. The synthesis of 1‐ (4‐phenyl)‐4‐ methyl ‐1H‐tetrazole‐5(4H)‐thione and 1‐(4‐methoxyphenyl)‐4‐methyl‐1H‐tetrazole‐5(4H)‐thione were carried out; their UV‐vis studies were preformed in cyclohexane, tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile as well as methanol and the fluorescence spectrum were obtained in methanol. The photochemistry of these compounds was 7 4:40 – 4:50

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS studied by H NMR spectroscopy in methanol‐d4, acetonitrile‐d3 and benzene‐d6 at different irradiation wavelengths. The expulsion of sulfur and dinitrogen from the heterocyclic ring produces their respective carbodiimides as the primary photoproduct. The mechanism of photodecomposition was investigated by carrying out intermediate trapping experiment; photosenitization as well as quenching experiments and the results will be discussed. COMPUTATIONAL INVESTIGATION OF THE CONCERTED DIELS‐ALDER 5:20 – 5:40 AND THE STEPWISE DIRADICAL REACTIONS OF ACRYLONITRILE AND 2,3‐ DIMETHY1,3‐BUTADIENE Natalie C. James1, Joann M. Um1, H. K. Hall2, K. N. Houk1* 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095 2Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721 Abstract The Diels‐Alder cycloaddition reaction of 2,3‐dimethyl‐1,3‐butadiene with acrylonitrile, and competing radical polymerization reactions involving diradical intermediates, studied earlier experimentally (J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 7049) were explored with density functional theory (B3LYP/6‐31G(d)). Through this analysis, it was determined that the concerted reaction is favored over the diradical pathway by 2.5 kcal/mol. While it had been postulated that the s‐trans conformation of the diene is significantly preferred over the s‐cis conformation, calculations show that the s‐trans conformation is favored by only 1.9 kcal/mol, less than with butadiene. Diradical formation is stabilized by the combination of substituents on the diene and dienophile. NONPEPTIDE MACROCYCLIC HISTONE DEACETYLASE INHIBITORS FOR 5:40 – 6:00 TARGETED CANCER TREATMENT Dr. Yomi Oyelere* Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Atlanta, GA, USA Abstract Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition is a recent, clinically validated therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. HDAC inhibitors hold great promise in cancer therapy due to their demonstrated ability to arrest proliferation of nearly all transformed cell types. However, most of these agents are non‐selective inhibitors of all HDAC isoforms; and a large number of the identified HDAC inhibitors have not progressed beyond preclinical characterizations. Of the several structurally distinct small molecule HDACi reported, macrocyclic depsipeptides have the most complex recognition cap‐group moieties and present an excellent opportunity for the modulation of the biological activities of HDAC inhibitors. Unfortunately, the structure‐activity relationship (SAR) studies for this class of compounds have been impaired largely because most macrocyclic HDAC inhibitors known to date comprise of complex peptide macrocycles. In addition to retaining the pharmacologically disadvantaged peptidyl backbone, they offer only limited opportunity for side chain modifications. Therefore, if there is no significant paradigm shift in the current molecular design approaches, the vast therapeutic potentials of HDAC inhibition may remained largely untapped. Toward improving the therapeutic indices of current HDAC inhibitors, my lab is developing novel approaches for organ‐selective delivery of HDAC inhibitors for potential use in targeted lung cancer therapy applications. In this presentation, I will discuss the discovery and SAR studies of a new class of macrocyclic HDAC inhibitors 1

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS based on the macrolide antibiotics skeletons. I will also present preliminary evidence for lung selective accumulation of selected examples of this new class of HDAC inhibitors. In general, the prospect of tissue‐ selective HDAC inhibition is a particularly enticing alternative to isoform selective inhibition and could lead to the identification of new chemotherapeutic agents with broad application in targeted cancer therapy. Monday, PM

Session Chair

Georgia Institute of Technology Technical Session Technical Session 2 3:30 P.M. – 6:00 P.M. Analytical and Environmental Chemistry Charlotte Smith‐Baker, Ph.D. Harris County Medical Examiner’s Office

M105

Presenters LYSINE‐BASED ZWITTERIONIC MOLECULAR MICELLE FOR SIMULTANEOUS SEPARATION OF ACIDIC AND BASIC PROTEINS USING OPEN TUBULAR CAPILLARY ELECTROCHROMATOGRAPHY Leonard Moore, Jr.; Candace A. Luces; Arther T. Gates; Min Li; Bilal El‐Zahab; and Isiah M. Warner* Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 Abstract

3:30 – 3:50

Analyzing proteins using capillary electrophoresis have proven troublesome due to adsorption of the analytes to the capillary wall. Coating the capillary wall with a stationary phase in open‐ tubular capillary electrochromatography (OT‐CEC) can be used to circumvent this problem, as well as provide interactions between proteins and wall coatings, thus increasing selectivity. In this work, a unique zwitterionic molecular micelle, poly‐ε‐sodium‐10‐undecenoyl lysinate (p‐ε‐SUK), was synthesized and assessed for use as a coating in OT‐CEC for protein separations. A mixture containing 4 basic proteins (lysozyme, cytochrome c, α‐chymotrypsinogen A, and ribonuclease A) and 6 acidic proteins (β‐lactoglobulin A, β‐lactoglobulin B, α‐lactalbumin, myoglobin, deoxyribonuclease I, and albumin) was evaluated. The influence of polymer concentration, salt concentration, temperature, and voltage were also investigated. The ability of the zwitterionic coating to separate these analytes at low and high pH is based on the ionic character of the positively charged amine or the negatively charged carboxyl group to prevent analyte wall absorption and protein interactions with the coating. A sample of proteins in human serum has been evaluated to demonstrate protein separation of a complex mixture at both acidic and basic conditions. All coatings provided stable and reproducible results. Furthermore, the magnitude of the EOF was monitored while the pH was varied. These results showed diminished values of the EOF at pH ~5.5, which is indicative of the pI of the molecular micelle coating. 9

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS VARIOUS IONIC STRENGTHS OF SUPPORTING ELECTROLYTES CHANGE THE RESPONSE SIGNALS OF A SPECTROELECTROCHEMICAL SENSOR Eme E. Amba*, Laura K. Morris, Sara E. Andria, Carl J. Seliskar and William R. Heineman University of Cincinnati, Department of Chemistry, Cincinnati, OH 45221‐0172 Abstract

3:50 – 4:10

The Department of Energy site at Hanford, WA has leaky tanks of chemically toxic and radioactive wastes which pose a serious risk to the environment. We are interested in detecting 99Tc existing as pertechnetate TcO4‐ due to its long half life of 200, 000 years and fast migration in subsurface soils and groundwater. Our spectroelectrochemical sensor was an optically transparent indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode coated with a thin film of sulfonated polystyrene‐block‐poly (ethylene‐ran‐ butylene)‐block polystyrene (SSEBS). In our sensor thin film, ion exchange competition occurs between our non radioactive analog, [Ru(bpy)3]2+ and supporting electrolytes, NaNO3 and Ca(NO3)2. Cyclic voltammetry reversibly converts the analyte between its oxidized and reduced forms, one of which is colored. Total internal reflectance quantifies the amount of analyte which has preconcentrated into the thin film at each reflection point on the electrolytes increased. ΔA was plotted against sample conductivity, which could be used to correct for the effect of ioelectrode and change in light intensity is recorded at the detector. The response signals, electrochemical peak currents and a change in absorbance ΔA, decreased as the ionic strength of supporting nic strength at very low sample concentrations in the SSEBS film. This will be the basis of work with groundwater samples from the Hanford DOE site. DEVELOPMENT OF A MICROFLUIDIC DEVICE FOR SELEX ANALYSIS 4:10 – 4:30 OF TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS Loren Hardeman, Lauren Spivey, Kelly Johanson and Gloria Thomas* Xavier University of Louisiana, Department of Chemistry, New Orleans, LA 70125 Abstract There is a critical need for the development of high throughput screening methods in order to advance detection and treatment of disease, including that aided by transcription factor (TF) analysis. Transcription factors are proteins that control transcription of DNA to RNA through sequence‐specific DNA binding. A change in the regulation or binding specificity of TFs is often a hallmark of a cells transition to a malignant state. Identifying the targets of a specific TF involved in cancer development provides information about disease progression and allows the development of new anti‐cancer therapies. SELEX (Systematic Evaluation of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment) has been successfully employed in the past; however, it is labor‐intensive and has certain limitations that prohibit it from being used as a high‐throughput system, specifically, destruction of the TF during each round of amplification and lengthy analysis time. Because microfluidic methods include alternatives for bioimmobilization and faster analysis, a microSELEX method may offer an opportunity to advance high throughput screening for TFs. Thus, this project seeks the development of a microfluidic device capable of performing the SELEX method in an integrated, modular microdevice using PAX3 as a model for proof‐of‐concept. This 10

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS presentation will focus on optimization of the module used to immobilize the TF within a polyacrylamide hydrogel for subsequent affinity‐based capture of targets from a pool of randomly generated DNA constructs. The design of the device and immobilization of model proteins will be presented, as well as progress towards PAX3 analysis. With demonstrated proof‐of‐concept using the well‐characterized PAX3 system, this method will later be extended to the PAX3‐FOXO1 system. Pax3‐FOXO1 is an oncogenic transcription factor that has been implicated in the development of Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS), an aggressive childhood solid muscle tumor with a four‐year survival rate of <17%. Break 4:30 – 4:40 SPECTROSCOPIC CHARACTERIZATION OF PROTEIN‐LIGAND 4:40 – 5:00 INTERACTIONS: A COMPARISON OF POLY‐SUS AND SDS Monica R. Sylvain1, Susmita Das1, Jack N. Losso2, Bilal El‐Zahab1, and Isiah M. Warner1* 1Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA 2Department of Food Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA Abstract

The complexity of the human proteome, particularly the structure and binding events of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs,) will certainly benefit from and more probably require the development of new analytical techniques and experimental approaches. Therefore, in this study we investigate the spectroscopic properties of protein‐ligand interactions between globular proteins and the negatively charged anionic achiral molecular micelle, poly (sodium N‐ undecylenic sulfate) (poly‐SUS), and the conventional surfactant, SDS, using steady state fluorescence spectroscopy (FL) and circular dichroism (CD). Examination of data from intrinsic fluorescence studies suggests that poly‐SUS binds hydrophobically and has a positive cooperative binding effect on all proteins studied (as compared to SDS). Probing the interaction extrinsically with 8‐anilinonaphthalene sulfonate (ANS) resulted in a similar finding that poly‐SUS binds to the proteins hydrophobically and saturates the protein at concentrations less than required with SDS. Examination of the circular dichroism data indicates that poly‐SUS decreased the α‐helical secondary structure of the native and reduced proteins more effectively than SDS with increasing concentration. From these data, we conclude that 1) poly‐SUS binds the hydrophobic amino acids in the proteins; 2) poly‐SUS specifically and strongly binds definite proteins at low concentrations; 3) the binding of poly‐SUS to certain proteins is more thermodynamically favorable at low concentrations; and 4) poly‐SUS may be an effective surfactant in analytical tools such as gel electrophoresis and may have significant physiological importance to understanding the binding of IDPs to their targets. The results of these studies will be highlighted and discussed in this talk. ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NOVEL SERUM LECTINS 5:00 – 5:20 FROM THE AMERICAN ALLIGATOR (ALLIGATOR MISSISSIPPIENSIS) Lancia N.F. Darville*1, Venkatta Rhams2, Mark E. Merchant2 and Kermit K. Murray1 1Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA 2Department of Chemistry, McNeese State University, P. O. Box 90455, Lake Charles, Louisiana 70609, USA 11

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS Abstract Lectins are a class of carbohydrate selective proteins that have been characterized in plants, microbes and animals. Lectins function in various processes such as immune response and inflammation, cell adhesion, apoptosis and tumor metastasis and have found wide application in medicine where they have been used in antiadhesion therapy, evaluating immunocompetance and enzyme replacement therapy. Three novel lectins were isolated from the serum of the American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) by affinity chromatography using a mannose and galactosamine column. The molecular masses of the isolated proteins were determined by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry and were found to be 35 kDa, representing the mass of the monomer from the mannose affinity column. The lectin mass of the monomer from the galactosamine column was 69 kDa. In SDS‐PAGE further separation was obtained. Masses were observed in the SDS‐PAGE at approximately 37 kDa for the mannose binding lectins and for the galactosamine binding lectins; masses were observed at approximately 25 and 50 kDa. The gel bands were excised and digested using three different enzymes trypsin, endoproteinase Lys‐C and endoproteinase Glu‐C. These enzymes were used to create small and large peptides, which were overlapped to enhance protein sequence coverage. The peptides were analyzed by LC‐MS/MS and the peptide sequences were determined by de novo sequencing. Impacts of Surface Chemical Aging of Aerosols on Chemistry and Clouds 5:20 – 5:40 over the Tropical Atlantic Ocean Vernon R. Morris*1, Everette Joseph2, Qilong Min3, and Alison P. Williams4 1NOAA Center for Atmospheric Sciences (NCAS) Washington, DC 20001 2Howard University, Program in Atmospheric Sciences,Washington, DC 20059 3Department of Atmospheric Sciences, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, NY 14652 4Princeton University, Department of Chemistry, Princeton, NJ 08544 Abstract The trans‐Atlantic Aerosol and Ocean Science Expeditions (AEROSE) are a series of intensive field experiments conducted aboard the NOAA Ship Ronald H. Brown during the northern hemisphere spring and summer. The ongoing AEROSE mission focuses on providing a set of critical measurements that characterize the impacts and microphysical evolution of aerosols from the African continent during their transport across the Atlantic Ocean. The central scientific questions that guide the missions are: (1) What is the nature and extent of change in the mineral dust and smoke aerosol distributions as they evolve physically and chemically during trans‐Atlantic transport? (2) How do Saharan and sub‐Saharan aerosols affect the regional atmosphere and ocean during trans‐Atlantic transport? 3) What are the implications of Saharan and west African aerosol transport on the capability of satellite remote sensing retrievals over the tropical Atlantic? While there have been a variety of aerosol campaigns that have encountered mineral dust or smoke, few have focused on both Saharan dust and sub‐Saharan smoke, and none have sought to characterize the evolution of these aerosols during long‐range transport as a function of season. The combined atmospheric and oceanic sampling also constitutes a unique aspect of the mission that will enable an unparalleled view of the direct and indirect influences that these African aerosols have on the tropical marine environment. A brief overview of the 2004‐2009 cruises, preliminary results associated with aerosol chemistry and interactions with maritime clouds, and future directions for 12

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS this project will be presented. DETECTION OF VOLATILES IN TISSUE SAMPLES BY HEADSPACE 5:40 – 6:00 GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH MASS SPECTROMETRY Charlotte Smith‐Baker, Ph.D.*, Glenna Thomas, Terry Danielson, Ph.D., D‐ABFT, and Ashraf Mozayani, Ph.D., D‐ABFT Harris County Medical Examiner’s Office, Houston, TX 77054 Abstract Volatile inhalants have become a common and dangerous substance of abuse. Containers of these products are readily available, easily purchased, and can be used without supervision or accessories. Users inhale or “huff” the vapor of refrigerant solutions and propellants to induce an intoxicating “high” from acute anoxic respiration. Sustained use can lead to displacement of oxygen in the lungs and cause death. Undoubtedly, the ability to confirm these gases in autopsy specimens presents unique challenges to the forensic toxicologist. Headspace gas chromatography with flame ionization detection is currently the most widely applied technique in determining the presence of volatile intoxicants. However, this method does not provide sufficient data for identifying poorly combustible gases. In these cases, headspace gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) is more advantageous. This presentation describes the application of headspace GC‐MS for the detection of volatiles such as 1, 1‐difluoroethane (Dust‐Off), nitromethane, and sevoflurane in postmortem tissues. Tuesday, AM

Plenary II 8:30 A.M – 9:30 A.M. Percy Julian Award Lecture

Imperial

INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS NEEDED FOR GREEN ENERGY DEVELOPMENT Thomas Mensah, Ph.D. Georgia Aerospace Systems Abstract

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS implemented in different states. Tuesday, AM

Session Chair

Corning Technical Session Award Symposium 2 9: 45 A.M. – 11:45 A.M. Henry McBay Outstanding Teacher Award Sympsoium: STEM Education Abby O’Conner University of Washington

M101

Presenters Henry Mcbay Outstanding Teacher Awardee STRATEGIES FOR STUDENT SUCCESS, A CONVERSATION ABOUT ENGAGMENT Gloria Thomas* Xavier University of Louisiana, Department of Chemistry, New Orleans, LA 70125 Abstract

9:45 – 10:10

Student engagement and engaged learning are relatively new terms used in education circles to describe the active participation and ownership of students in their educational pursuits. It involves student ownership and may include a variety of activities in the classroom, such as the incorporation of technology, problem‐based learning, service learning and team projects. Yet, how can students be motivated to take this same approach to every aspect of their growth as scientists and adults? How does the community convey the pursuit of knowledge and the value of critical thinking above a degree or a career? This talk will explore various mechanisms and opportunities for expanding student engagement into other areas of academic, professional and personal development that have had positive impact in the author’s experience. Topics to be discussed include mentoring, undergraduate research, student leadership roles, and active participation in professional organizations, along with thoughts about institutionalizing student engagement. A RESEARCH STUDY TO IDENTIFY FACTORS THAT IMPACT THE 10:10 – 10:30 ACADEMIC SUCCESS OF HIGH ACHIEVING AFRICAN AMERICAN STUDENTS IN STEM DISCIPLINES AT HBCUS Felecia M. Nave*1, Sherri Frizell2, Fred Bonner, Chance Lewis, and Mary Alfred3 1 Prairie View A&M University, Department of Chemical Engineering Prairie View, TX 2Prairie View A&M University, Department of Computer Science Prairie View, TX 3Texas A&M University, College of Education and Human Development, College Station, TX Abstract For more than three decades, both educational and scientific communities have focused resources on increasing the number of African American students majoring in and subsequently pursuing careers in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) disciplines (Bonner, Alfred, Lewis, Nave, & Frizell, 2009). Notwithstanding numerous initiatives designed aimed at providing more opportunities 14

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS for African American students, retaining these students continues to serve as a conundrum. Data reveals that although there has been an overall increase in the number of baccalaureate degrees awarded in STEM, the percentage of freshman students continues to decline (Chubin, May, & Babco, 2005). HBCUs are instrumental in their role of producing STEM graduates. According to an NSF report (2002), HBCUs awarded 30% of the undergraduate engineering degrees and 44% of the natural science undergraduate degrees to African American students (p. 4‐10). In addition to these data, NSF also reported that African Americans who completed their undergraduate degrees at HBCUs were more likely to further their education by attending graduate school and completing doctoral degrees. These data were reified by their findings that revealed HBCUs as accounting for 17% of Black graduate students in the science and engineering fields (p. 30). One very plausible argument that can be made is that the national crisis that we are experiencing related to the low numbers of individuals prepared to enter the STEM workforce could potentially be addressed by HBCUs. In 2007, our research team comprised of faculty from Prairie View University A&M and Texas A&M University were awarded funding from the National Science Foundation to identify the factors that impact African American student success at HBCUs. The project entitled An Empirical Investigation of the Success Factors Impacting Academically Gifted African American Students in Engineering and Technology at Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs), is a three‐year study using a mix‐method approach. The research question that guided this study is stated: What are the factors that most significantly impact the success of academically gifted African American students in STEM disciplines that are enrolled in Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs)? The population for this project included academically gifted African American students enrolled in STEM programs at four‐year HBCUs. Input was also solicited from STEM faculty members to capture their perspectives on the salient factors they perceived to impact the success of these academically gifted students in the STEM disciplines. This presentation discusses preliminary findings based on the qualitative phase of the project. STEM EDUCATION IN CENTRAL GEORGIA 10:30 – 10:50 Rosalie A. Richards, Ph.D. * Science Education Center, Georgia College & State University, Milledgeville, GA 31061 Abstract Science to Serve at Georgia College & State University is a university‐wide Academic Program of Distinction that seeks to preserve a heritage of science education for all. At the heart of this initiative is the Science Education Center that provides opportunities to explore the role of science in life, in education, and to the economy. The Center offers teacher professional learning opportunities, curriculum development, research projects, workshops, camps, and scientific competitions. Partnerships and educational activities at regional, statewide and national levels promote lifelong curiosity and civic responsibility by nurturing the discovery and synthesis of scientific knowledge. Dedicated to excellence in science teaching and learning, the Science Education Center serves to cultivate a community of science that fosters the intellectual possibilities of students, educators, researchers and the community at large. R.A.R. gratefully acknowledges the Kaolin Endowment, Faculty Research Awards, and the Department of Chemistry & Physics at GCSU. Funding for these programs was provided, in part, by the American Association of Physics Teachers, the American Chemical Society, the Georgia Department of Education, the USG Board of Regents, the Camille & Henry Dreyfus Foundation, and the Institute of Museum and Library Services. 15

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS 10:50 – 11:10

PREPARING 21ST CENTURY STUDENTS FOR SUCCESS IN SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING Sherine O. Obare* Department of Chemistry, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49008

Abstract Despite the United States global leadership, American students rank 21st in science and 25th in math compared with students around the world. This alarming ranking, if not confronted in a timely manner, will adversely impact the United States position in science and technology. Moreover, minority representation in STEM fields continues to be severely underrepresented. As a result several initiatives nationwide have been established to alleviate barriers in entering STEM fields. Undoubtedly, engaging high school and undergraduate minority students in early research programs is one way to influence their attitudes toward STEM fields. The ability to engage students at an early age in fundamental scientific principles provides significant promise toward increasing the number of trained students in the United States to new scientific and technological challenges. Successful training of scientists and engineers in the twenty‐first century requires early intervention through vibrant educational approaches and programs. Student success in scientific research programs relies on proper student preparation. Often students join such programs with little or no research background and may feel intimidated in a new research lab. How can we increase an interest in science for those who may have been intimidated by science in the past? How can we equip students with a set of tools to help them understand the process of conducting research? In this presentation, the design and implementation of a course to introduce students to conducting interdisciplinary research at the interface of chemistry and biological sciences will be described. The course takes into consideration the important feature of modern science: the cumulative impact of inter‐related disciplines. IMPLEMENTATION OF BLOOM’S NOTECARDS TO AID THE RETENTION 11:10 – 11:25 OF STEM CONTENT IN A LOW INCOME, MINORITY HIGH SCHOOL Ericka Ford*1, Yvette Gilbert2, Marion Usselman3, Donna C. Llewellyn4 1The School of Polymer, Textiles and Fiber Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 2Miller Grove High School, 2645 Dekalb Medical Parkway, Lithonia, GA 3Center for Education Integrating Science, Math and Computing, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 4Center for the Enhancement of Teaching and Learning, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA Abstract Our GK‐12 program forges teams between science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) graduate students enrolled at a major technological research institution and STEM teachers at local, urban high schools. The teams of graduate fellows work toward the goal of increasing student understanding and retention of STEM subject matter, which in turn prepares students to take crucial standardized and end‐of‐the‐year course examinations. A team at one 97% African American, low income high school implemented the teaching of Bloom’s taxonomy to general chemistry in response to 16

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS this particular challenge. Students were challenged to create problems or questions on various levels of the Bloom’s hierarchy. Furthermore, the hierarchical structure of problems/questions was reviewed weekly as part of classroom activities. The preparation of ‘Bloom’s notecards by the students and instructors was an essential part of the process of facilitating the student’s retention of the content and methods that would later appear on exams. This paper will discuss the challenges associated with implementing Bloom’s notecards as well as useful feedback obtained from these notecards. Several measurement tools were used to monitor the progression of student learning via the Bloom’s cards. PERSPECTIVES ON THE USE OF BIOFUELS AS AN ALTERNATIVE FUEL 11:25 – 11:45 SOURCE: A HIGH SCHOOL OUTREACH PROJECT Abby R. O’Connor*, Takiya J. Ahmed, Joe Meredith, Rebecca Hayoun, and Eve Perara University of Washington, Department of Chemistry, Seattle, WA 98195 Center for Enabling New Technologies Through Catalysis (CENTC) Abstract Our supply of non‐renewable fossil fuels is diminishing with each day and this in turn will lead to less fuel to use as energy. Therefore, it is important to develop new and/or alternative fuel sources to sustain the energy demand. A possible remedy to this problem is through the use of renewable resources to produce our fuels. Biofuels are currently being pursued to replace a portion of our petrofuels, thereby reducing our dependence on oil. However, there are practical limitations and moral concerns that hinder their global utility. Thus, it becomes imperative to inform high school students of the chemical research currently being investigated to solve this crisis. A versatile high school program based on biofuels will be discussed in this presentation. This program aims to convey to the students the broader impact of chemistry on the lives of all citizens and the role of the chemist in solving major problems of societal importance. Additionally, we mentor students by providing education on the benefits of science careers and information on how to get involved, provide a perspective on life as a chemistry graduate student, and support the curriculum currently taught in high school chemistry classes.

Tuesday, AM

Session Chair

Corning Technical Session Technical Session 3 9:45 A.M. – 11:45 A.M. Chemical Engineering Reginald E. Rogers, Jr, Ph.D. Rochester Institute of Technology

M102

Presenters ROLE OF SEDIMENTATION IN THE COLLOIDAL ASSEMBLY OF OPPOSITELY‐CHARGED PARTICLES Reginald E. Rogers, Jr.*+ and Michael J. Solomon Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 +Current address: Department of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623

9:45 – 10:05

Abstract 17

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS Ionic colloidal crystals are long‐range ordered structures formed from the finely tuned interaction of charged colloids carrying opposite charges. These structures have been self‐assembled under near‐ equilibrium conditions where the solvent is refractive index and near density‐matched to the particles. The allowable range of attractions is apparently limited. For example, if the attraction is too great, ionic gels form rather than crystals. Ionic colloidal crystals hold promise in applications ranging from photonic bandgap to chemical and biological sensing materials. Therefore, a full understanding of the extent to which this type of colloidal crystal structure can be formed would benefit a range of potential applications. We investigate the role of an applied field, gravity, on ionic colloidal crystal formation through study of their sedimentation. We find that the final structure of the ionic colloidal crystal depends on the sedimentation velocity, initial volume fraction, and interparticle interactions. The strength of the gravitational field relative to the randomizing effects of Brownian motion plays a key role in this process and its effect can be quantified by the dimensionless group, Peclet number. Using poly(diphenyl‐dimethyl) siloxane stabilized poly(methyl methacrylate) [DPDM‐PMMA] particles (positively charged) mixed with poly‐12‐hydroxystearic acid (PHSA) stabilized PMMA particles (negatively charged), we evaluate the quality of ionic colloidal crystals with cesium chloride (CsCl) structure formed in a solvent system consisting of cylcohexyl bromide (CHB), decalin and tetrabutylammonium chloride (TBAC) salt added for charge screening. The three‐dimensional structure of these crystals is characterized by confocal laser scanning microscopy. By varying the ratio of CHB to decalin, we manipulate the sedimentation rate, and subsequently the Peclet number, of the assembly process. We show that a range of Peclet values exists where ionic colloidal crystallization is observed. A NOVEL MICROFLUIDIC DEVICE FOR STUDYING PHASE SEPARATION 10:05 – 10:25 KINETICS OF MEMBRANE DOPES Kayode Olanrewaju1* & Victor Breedveld1 School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology1 Abstract We have developed a new microfluidic device for measuring the phase separation kinetics that occurs during the manufacturing of polymeric membranes via immersion precipitation processes. A polymer solution is exposed to non‐solvent in a controlled manner, after which the position of the precipitating front is tracked with high spatial and temporal resolution by means of videomicroscopy. We used the method to measure the phase separation kinetics of several polymer solutions with water as the precipitating non‐solvent. We found that the process is diffusion‐limited and determined effective diffusion coefficients for water through polymer solutions of known concentrations. These results are used to gain insight into the microstructure of the polymeric network. 18

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS MICROSCALE PATTERNING OF FIBRIN GELS OVER CELLS Arlyne B. Simon*1, Hossein Tavana2, and Shuichi Takayma1,2 1Macromolecular Science and Engineering Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 2 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 Abstract Effective development of biopolymeric scaffolds for tissue engineering has been thwarted by our lack of understanding of the complex environmental cues that govern cell adhesion, migration, and proliferation. Therefore, the ability to systematically study the effects of substrate elasticity on cellular function in a high throughput format is needed to elucidate key regulatory mechanisms that modulate cell function. To address this challenge, we have developed a high throughput assay that enables rapid screening of the effects of fibrin elasticity on endothelial cell function. This novel non‐ contact micropatterning approach utilizes a cell culture compatible aqueous two‐phase system with 2.5% (w/w) poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and 3.0% (w/w) dextran as constituent phases. By varying the concentrations of fibrinogen and thrombin, the elasticity of the generated fibrin gels are regulated and the gelation time is quantified. Fibrin gels are localized within the dextran phase and spatially deposited over endothelial cells, cultured in the PEG phase. This protein patterning technique is unique in that high fidelity, nanolitre volumes of protein gels are patterned over a fully viable cell monolayer in a completely hydrated environment. USING A NOVEL 3D ANGIOGENESIS TISSUE MODEL TO STUDY THE 10:45 – 11:05 EFFECT OF THE FORMATION OF VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR CONCENTRATION GRADIENTS ON ENDOTHELIAL CELL BEHAVIOR Subuola M. Sofolahan*, and Heather Gappa‐Fahlenkamp, Department of Chemical Engineering Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK Abstract 10:25 – 10:45

Angiogenesis the growth of new capillaries from pre‐existing blood vessels, requiring growth factor driven recruitment, migration, proliferation, and differentiation of endothelial cells (ECs). The study of angiogenesis has many clinical applications in numerous fields, including peripheral and coronary vascular disease, oncology, hematology, wound healing, dermatology, and ophthalmology. In 1980, bovine capillary ECs were found to spontaneously form tubes when cultured in gelatin in vitro. Since then, many in vitro models have been used to recapitulate the basic steps of the in vivo process. Such in vitro models of angiogenesis offer many possibilities: the clinical testing of potential drug therapies; the modeling of pathological conditions; the study of the processes of endothelial cell differentiation, lumen formation, and vascular inoculation; and the investigation of the molecular mechanisms associated with angiogenesis. Endothelial cell differentiation, the lumen or tube formation, can be studied in vitro both in two dimensions and in three dimensions (3D); however, to study the other cellular mechanisms involved, 19

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS a more complex 3D model that includes cell and extracellular environment interactions is required. Such 3D models involve seeding ECs either on or in gels. Studies involving 3D angiogenesis models have investigated the role of some key design factors on the migration, proliferation, and differentiation of ECs, including endothelial cell type, type of matrix, the concentration and the biochemical conditions of the matrix polymerization that can affect the density and the mechanical properties of the substrate, the culture media composition, and the bioavailability of angiogenic factors. The effect of the formation of concentration gradients of angiogenic factors within the 3D models on EC behavior has not been fully explored. We have designed a 3D angiogenesis model that can be used to investigate such concentration gradients on the migration, proliferation, and differentiation of ECs. Such a model is comprised of ECs growth on a bovine type I collagen gel formed within a Transwell® membrane plate. This system allows access to compartments both above and below the gel that can be used for the delivery of factors or for sampling. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was the angiogenic factor selected to study because it has been identified as the key regulator in both physiological and pathological angiogenesis. Changes in collagen thickness and growth factor concentration added to the tissue model were used to vary concentration gradients within the 3D tissue model. Collagen thickness was varied at 0.73 mm, 2.01 mm and 2.90 mm. VEGF concentration was varied at 5 ng/ml, 50 ng/ml, and 100 ng/ml. The results show an increase in cell viability, proliferation, sprouting, and migration with an increase in VEGF concentration and a decrease in collagen thickness. By understanding the effect of VEGF concentration gradients on EC behavior, new therapeutic strategies for controlling angiogenesis can be developed. ANTISENSE RNA MEDIATED REDIRECTION OF GLYCOLYTIC FLUX FOR 11:05 – 11:25 HETEROLOGOUS PATHWAY PRODUCTION Kevin V Solomon*, Tae Seok Moon, Kristala L Jones Prather Department of Chemical Engineering, Synthetic Biology Engineering Research Center (SynBERC), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA Abstract Heterologous pathway production in microbes has been tapped as a sustainable alternative for the production of a variety of commodity chemicals and novel organic compounds. However, productivity in these pathways is limited by competition from endogenous pathways. While numerous strategies exist to solve this problem for secondary metabolites, redirecting primary metabolites still remains a challenge due to their essential nature and high flux. In this project we propose to use antisense RNA mediation of a glycolytic enzyme (glucokinase) to increase glucose availability for heterologous pathways. In doing so we attempt to increase the efficiency of such pathways and open up new opportunities where unphosphorylated glucose may be used directly as a substrate. Such a device also offers the potential for optimization of existing pathways by reducing waste by‐products such as acetate. As a testbed, we examined the one step formation of gluconate from glucose by glucose dehydrogenase. This presentation will highlight current successes with these antisense constructs as well as challenges and alternative flux control strategies. 20

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS SOLID PHASE SYNTHESIS OF DENDRITIC POLY(N‐ISOPROPYL ACRYLAMIDE) FOR TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY Kai Chang*, Lindsey A Bergman, and Lakeshia J. Taite Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Atlanta, GA 30332

11:25 – 11:45

Abstract Targeted delivery vehicles for small molecule pharmaceuticals have the potential to revolutionize cancer treatment. The high patient morbidity associated with chemotherapy can be vastly reduced through localized delivery and the risk of metastasis or relapse can be reduced through the use of actively targeting drug delivery constructs. The current state of the art for actively targeted drug delivery uses antibody or peptide functionalized dendrimers. Dendrimers are perfectly defined tree‐ like macromolecules with distinct branching structures. Their architecture provides a relatively sparse interior with drug loading capabilities while having a dense surface full of end groups for functionalization. These properties make them ideal targeting vehicles. Dendrimers are generally small, branching molecules linked together iteratively. By linking together polymers with desirable properties, such as the thermal transition properties of poly(n‐isopropyl acrylamide) (pNIPAAm), in a similar fashion, we aim to infuse dendrimers with new functionality. These dendritic macromolecules are not perfectly defined like their dendrimer counterparts yet still exhibit many of the same interesting properties, such as large numbers of functionalizable end groups on the surface of the molecule and densely packed branches with a sparse core. We have successfully synthesized well defined linear pNIPAAm with polydispersities of as low as 1.04. We have also characterized the linear polymers and are currently using solid phase synthesis techniques to create dendritic pNIPAAm. We aim to combine the thermally responsive properties of pNIPAAm with the drug loading and targeted delivery aspects of dendritic macromolecules. Our ultimate goal is to couple this technology with gold nanoshell technology which has been shown to heat up significantly under the presence of certain wavelengths of light. This combination will form a multifunctional hybrid system for targeted and controlled drug delivery. Tuesday, AM

Session Chair 9:45 – 10:05

Corning Technical Session Technical Session 4 9:45 A.M. – 11:45 A.M. Physical Chemistry Shawn Abernathy, Ph.D. Howard University

M105

Presenters ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE OF SULFUR COMPOUNDS: BONDING AND EXCITED STATES John A.W. Harkless*

Howard University, Department of Chemistry, Washington, DC 20059 Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry (Visiting), Cambridge, MA 02139 21

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS Abstract Quantum Monte Carlo, density functional, and post‐Hartree‐Fock methods are applied to estimate the electronic structure of Sn, (n=1‐4), and SNN polymeric isomers. Various approaches to VMC and DMC trial function design are tested for quality of result as a function of increasing user input and insight in the development and optimization. The overall effectiveness and accuracy of this approach to QMC trial function design is compared against other theory and experiment. MOLECULAR DYNAMIC STUDY ON THE CONFORMATIONAL 10:05 – 10:25 DYNAMICS OF HIV‐1 PROTEASE SUBTYPES B, C, F Dwight McGee Jr.1*, Jesse Edwards2, Adrian E. Roitberg3 1,3Department of Chemistry and Quantum Theory Project, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608 2Department of Chemistry, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, Fl 32307 Abstract AIDS is responsible for millions of deaths worldwide each year. One of the major targets in anti‐HIV therapeutics is protease inhibition. The HIV protease has a critical role in the reproductive process of the virus, and its inhibition would prevent the maturation and spreading of the virus to neighboring cells. Previous studies have shown, of approved FDA protease inhibitors, HIV‐1 subtype B protease is more responsive to drug therapy than that of subtype C and F. The use of computational techniques such as Molecular Dynamics (MD) and others have proven useful in elucidating and confirming the many different HIV protease conformations. In this current study we investigate conformational dynamics of the flaps, and effects of the binding pocket size in the hopes of correlating how the mutations allow for different conformations of protease. Our results offer insight and suggestions, which might be proven to be useful in the development new pIs. PLASMONICS FOR INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY OF INDIVIDUAL YEAST 10:25 – 10:45 CELLS Marvin A. Malone* and James V. Coe The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, Columbus, OH 43210 Abstract The yeast cell is one of the most studied microorganisms in all of science because it is a simple eukaryote that shares a surprising amount of biochemistry with human cells. Scientists use it as a first model system for things they might study in human cells including the response of cells to different conditions and stimuli. Infrared microspectroscopy can be useful (as it is non‐invasive) and significant information can be obtained from the vibrational spectra of yeast cells. There is however a major issue with studying a single isolated yeast cell. Given that it is about the same size as the wavelength of the probing light, it scatters light very efficiently and vibrational features can be much smaller than the scattering with disruptive phase changes in the lineshapes. These effects can be greatly reduced by allowing single yeast cells to be drawn into the holes of plasmonic metal films with arrays of microholes. By reducing scattering effects, small shifts in vibrational absorbance bands become interpretable with standard Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy techniques. 22

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is used to highlight small changes in the FTIR spectra that are important to specific experiments like, incubation in a sugar solution, dehydration and exposure to anti‐fungal agents. CYCLOADDITION FUNCTIONALIZATION OF CARBON NANOTUBES: A 10:45 – 11:05 DFT STUDY

Olayinka O. Ogunro1 and Xiao‐Qian Wang*2 Department of Chemistry, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 2Department of Physics, Center for Functional Nanoscale Materials, Clark Atlanta University Atlanta, GA Abstract Covalent functionalizations represent a promising avenue to engineer or manipulate semiconducting and metallic carbon nanotubes1,2. The band gap opening in metallic tubes associated with the sp2 to sp3 rehybridization of the sidewall carbons typically depends on the concentration, doping, and the addend. The unique band gap opening of metallic single‐walled carbon nanotubes through [2+2] cycloaddition functionalization3 is studied using first‐principles density functional calculations. Our calculation results suggest that carbon‐carbon rehybridization is the driving force behind a novel route to modulate the electronic properties of nanotubes via optical or electrochemical techniques. 1

Figure 1. Top view of optimized structure of perfluoro (5‐methyl‐3,6‐dioxanon‐1‐ene) (PMDE) functionalized armchair (8,8) tube. The red, light blue, grey, and yellow colored atoms represent oxygen, fluorine, carbon, and sulfur, respectively. 23

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS INVESTIGATING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SLIP LENGTH AND INTERFACIAL VISCOSITY ON MICA, DLC and HOPG Deborah J. Ortiz1*, Douglas Chui2 Elisa Riedo2 1School of Chemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Ave., Atlanta, GA 2School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, 837 State St., Atlanta, GA Abstract The properties of nanoconfined water are crucial to the understanding and of biological systems and the design of many engineering systems such as nanofluidics, and nano filtration devices. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)‐a versatile tool for imaging, measuring and manipulating matter at the nanoscale‐was used to probe the nano‐confined behavior of water at the interface of three different substrates, with varying wettability and surface roughness. Classical fluid dynamics assumes that liquid at the interface of a solid surface adheres to the surface and does not flow, known as the no‐slip (zero velocity) boundary condition. Although valid in macroscopic flows, recent studies show that this condition no longer holds on the micro/nano scale as surface properties such as wettability and surface roughness have a strong effect on the overall flow at reduced dimensions, thus slippage is possible. Here we report an experiment where a Silicon AFM tip approached a hydrophobic nanometer‐smooth diamond‐like‐carbon (DLC) surface deposited on silicon, hydrophilic atomically‐ smooth muscovite mica as well as hydrophobic atomically‐smooth Highly Ordered Pyrolytic Graphite (HOPG), all performed in ultrapure water. While normally approaching, the AFM tip was also laterally oscillated, by means of a Lock‐in Amplifier, allowing the direct measurement of the (interfacial) viscous lateral force, as a function of tip sample distance, from which the slip length on the hydrophobic surfaces was determined. The data suggests that the slip length does not depend on shear speed and is minimally influenced by the contact angle. DETERMINING THE VAPOR PRESSURE OF TOLUENE IN PENNZOIL 5W‐ 11:25 – 11:45 30 AND MINERAL OIL MIXTURES Shawn M. Abernathy*, Ph.D.1, Brian Garrett2, Jockquin Jones1, and Anwar Jackson1 Howard University, Department of Chemistry, Washington, DC, 2005911 Morehouse College, Department of Chemistry, Atlanta, GA, 30314 2 Abstract There is a significant lack of empirical data on the temperature dependent vapor pressure (vp) of mineral based oils of petroleum origin. Automotive engine oil is comprised of a base mineral oil (paraffin, 80‐90%) that displays a wide range of vapor pressure due to its composition of alkanes, alkenes, alkynes etc. Motor oil is also highly viscous and contains additives to stabilize its viscosity, to control corrosion, and lubricate the engine parts. These additives have their own vapor pressure, and enhance the difficulty of acquiring this type of data. In this investigation, the vapor pressure versus temperature of toluene in a series of Pennzoil 5W‐30 /toluene mixtures (5.0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, and 80% v/v) was measured over the temperature interval of 293.15 K (0.003411 K‐1) to 373.15 K (0.002680 K‐1). Identical measurements were performed on a system of mineral oil/toluene (5.0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, and 80% v/v). The data was acquired using the boiling point method. Vapor pressure data was also obtained for pure toluene (bp 110.6C) for comparison. The heat of vaporization (∆Hvap) of toluene was also determined for each system by means of the Clausisus‐Clapeyron 11:05 – 11:25

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS equation. The values of ∆Hvap ranged from 35.3 ‐ 19.6 kJ/mol for the 5W‐30/toluene mixtures (5.0 – 80.0%) and from 35.2 ‐ 15.7 kJ/mol for the mineral oil/toluene mixtures (5.0 – 80.0%) respectively. It is anticipated that this work will provide valuable insight to a pathway for determine vp data of motor oil. Tuesday, PM

Session Chair 1:45 – 2:15

Award Symposium 3 1:45 P.M. – 3:45 P.M. Lloyd Ferguson Young Scientist Award Sympsosium: Materials Chemistry Michelle Gaines, Ph.D. Georgia Tech Research Institute

M101

Presenters Lloyd Ferguson Young Scientist Awardee TAILORING NANOMATERIALS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION APPLICATIONS Sherine O. Obare, Ph.D.* Department of Chemistry, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 Abstract

Nanoscale metallic particles are of great interest due to their importance in advanced technological applications. Synthetic procedures that produce gram‐scale, well defined and monodisperse metallic nanoparticles with controlled size and shape, is a continuing challenge in nanoscale science. We have developed new organic ligands that when used as stabilizers for metal nanoparticles, provide the ability to gain control of the particle size in a one‐step synthetic procedure. Monodisperse metallic nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized using spectroscopic, microscopic and x‐ray techniques. We have further investigated the electrochemical quantized double‐layer (QDL) charging differences of 1‐2 nm metallic nanoparticles. Within this size range, the electronic properties transition from a bulk‐like continuum of electronic states to molecule‐like, discrete electronic orbital levels. Such properties have led us to investigate their charging and discharging at large band‐gap semiconductor interfaces. The results are paramount toward understanding and developing advanced materials for catalysis. We demonstrate the efficiency of the semiconductor/metal nanoparticle interfaces for the storage of solar energy and for using this energy as needed, specifically, in the degradation of common environmental pollutants.

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS

100 nm Magnetic nanowires

Magnetic nanoparticles

Hollow nanoparticles

Controlled nanoparticle morphology allows for detailed investigations of electron transfer processes on the nanoscale. SELECTED REFERENCES

1. Ciptadjaya, C. G. E.; Guo, W.; Angeli, J. M.; Obare, S. O. ‘Controlling the Reactivity of Chlorinated Ethylenes with FMNH2,’ Environ. Sci. Technol. 2009, 43, 1591‐1597. 2. Major, K. J.; De, C.; Obare, S. O. ’Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Plasmonic Bimetallic Nanoparticles,’ Plasmonics 2009, 4, 61‐78. 3. Ganesan, M.; Freemantle, R.; Obare, S. O. ‘Monodisperse Thioether Stabilized Palladium Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity,’ Chem. Mater. 2007, 19, 3464‐3471. 2:15 – 2:35

COMBINATORIAL STUDIES OF SURFACE INTERACTIONS IN BLOCK COPOLYMER THIN FILMS Thomas H. Epps, III*, Julie N. Lawson, Michael J. Baney, Timothy Bogart

University of Delaware, Department of Chemical Engineering, Newark, DE 19716 Abstract As future technological progress necessitates the design and control of smaller devices for electronic and biological applications, new methods for the facile templating of nanoscale features must be discovered. To employ block copolymers for these templating applications, it is essential to understand how the interfacial interactions originating from the substrate and free surface in ultrathin (~nm) films affect diblock and triblock copolymer morphologies. Surface energetics and film thickness, which are not influential in bulk behavior, play an important role in polymer thin film structure formation. Because the majority of potential applications (e.g., membranes and nanotemplating) employ block copolymers as thin films, the interplay between bulk ordering phenomena and thin film effects must be understood. We manipulate polymer thin film interfacial interactions using gradient methods to control the free surface interactions, and gradient arrays of assembled monolayers to influence the substrate surface interactions. These high throughput 26

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS techniques allow us to quickly generate libraries of data useful for exploring the interactions between block copolymers and surfaces. Two areas of recent progress in the group involve: (1) controlled vapor deposition of chlorosilanes that generates functional substrate surface energy gradients on silicon wafers to probe block copolymer thin film behavior, and (2) controlled solvent vapor annealing of block copolymer films to induce the morphology orientation switching of one‐ and two‐dimensional nanostructures. SCANNING FORCE MICROSCOPY STUDIES OF AU FILMS VAPOR‐ 2:35 – 2:55 DEPOSITED ON 3‐AMINOPROPYLTRIETHOXYSILANE/GLASS SUBSTRATES Sonya L. Caston*1 and Robin L. McCarley2 1Dillard University, Chemistry Department, New Orleans, LA 70122 2Louisiana State University, Chemistry Department, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 Abstract Evaporated Au on 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APS) treated glass has a 111 face that is used to make microdevices. Thin evaporated films of Au (10 and 100 nm) deposited on modified substrate of 3‐ aminopropyltriethoxysilane on glass displayed morphologies that indicated the metals where flat on the surface. Scanning tunneling microscopy is used to observe the topography of vapor deposited Au film on modified glass. The images of Au on APS treated glass were compared to Au on Cr treated glass and Au on mica to access the surface roughness. X‐ray diffraction of Au at 10 nm thickness shows that the surface has a 111 face on APS treated glass. INVESTIGATION OF HYDROPHOBICLLY STABILIZED METAL 2:55 – 3:15 NANOPARTICLES UNDER ETHANOL ANTI‐SOLVENT CONDITIONS USING SMALL‐ANGLE NEUTRON SCATTERING Gregory V. White II*, Christopher L. Kitchens Clemson University, Chemical Engineering Department, Clemson, SC 29634 Abstract Metallic nanoparticles in the < 100 nm size range are well known for their unique size‐dependent properties. Solution‐based synthesis methods are widely used for the production of metallic nanoparticles due to the uniformity of the nanoparticle population and ability to control the size, shape, composition and chemistry of the surface stabilizing ligands. In most solution based synthesis of ligand‐stabilized metallic nanoparticle synthesis, a post‐synthesis processing step is required to purify, isolate, or fractionate the nanoparticles. Anti‐solvent precipitation is commonly used to isolate surface modified nanoparticles from solution in order to remove excess reagents, surfactants, byproducts, or ligands that remain in solution. In many nanoparticle applications, excess surfactants or ligands could prove detrimental. Anti‐solvent precipitation methods have also been used to fractionate polydisperse populations of nanoparticles based on size. Although this technique is routinely used, questions remain regarding the structure of the stabilizing ligand shell and how the ligand solvation changes during the precipitation process. We have employed small‐angle neutron scattering (SANS) 27

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS to investigate the behavior of 1‐octadecanethiol and dodecanethiol ligands on the surface of gold and oleic acid on the surface of magnetite nanoparticles as a function of ethanol composition in toluene and hexane. Interestingly, our results show that the hydrophobic ligands begin to collapse onto the surface of the nanoparticle at ethanol compositions prior to that required to fully precipitate the nanoparticles from solution. Moreover, this presentation aims to discuss changes in ligand solvation and the local solvent composition within the ligand shell as a function of ethanol composition. PORPHYRINS: SYNTHESIS AND SPECTROSCOPY 3:15 – 3:35 Kidus D. Debesai, 1 Tseng Xiong,1 Tiffany Shoham,1 DeAndre Beck, 1 Catrena H. Lisse Ph.D., 1 and Rosalie A. Richards, Ph.D. 1* 2 Nick Gober and Candace Jordan2, Jah‐Wann Galimore3 and Geovic Jadol3 1Georgia College & State University, Department of Chemistry & Physics, Milledgeville, GA 31061 2Washington County High School, 201 E Greene St., Milledgeville, GA 31024 3Georgia Military College Preparatory School, 201 E Greene St., Milledgeville, GA 31061 Abstract The chemistry of porphyrins is a central focus of chemical education at Georgia College & State University because of the diverse chemistry and application of the macrocycle. Key to the advancement of research conducted at Georgia College, a mostly undergraduate university, are statewide, national and international collaborations. Students at the pre‐college and undergraduate levels conduct classroom or research projects that engage them either in the synthesis, spectroscopy or material fabrication using porphyrins for various applications. This paper presents the synthesis and spectroscopic investigation of these efforts. (1) Immobilized porphyrins have been employed in various applications over the past few decades. Such applications include oxidative catalysts, gas and aqueous phase colorimetric sensors, and photodynamic therapy. The ease and efficiency of immobilizing the porphyrins via the sol‐gel method shows promise in these applications. We have fabricated a series of porphyrin/sol‐gel monoliths. The synthesis, characterization, and functional properties of these materials will be presented. (2) The detection of lithium ions (Li+) in biological fluids is important for patients using lithium for psychotropic treatments as non‐compliant levels can lead to toxicity. Lithium is also used in batteries for powered devices. Li+ ion detection ion traditionally requires dedicated instrumentation such as flame emission photometry or ion‐selective electrodes. As such, cost‐ effective and faster methods of analyses of Li+ ion concentrations are required. For this purpose, we are developing robust materials using by immobilizing novel porphyrins in silicate materials to fabricate colorimetric glasses. In this paper, we present our advances to the synthesis and spectroscopy of these sol‐gel detectors.

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS CH3

+N Br

Br Br

H3C

Br N

N Br

CH3

Br Br

Br N+ CH3

(3) Previous studies toward the synthesis the GdTMPyPBr85+, the gadolinium (III) complex of beta‐octabrominated tetrakis(4‐N‐methyl)pyridiniumyl porphyrin, were confounded by high temperature conditions and long reaction times for the insertion of gadolinium (III) ion. Since the lithium (I) complex can be prepared under slightly alkaline conditions, it provides a precursor for facile Gd(III) insertion. As such, we have isolated the Li2TMPyPBr84+ complex for reactivity with the Gd(III) ion. (4) Manganese porphyrins have been implicated in the treatment of a Lou Gehrig’s‐type disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), in mice. In a recent study at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, the effects of a manganese porphyrin given at symptom onset of ALS extended the survival after onset up to 3.0‐fold. We are currently synthesizing a family of manganese porphyrins to elucidate how the antioxidant properties of these materials affect motor neuron architecture. In this study, beta‐chlorinated porphyrins were prepared. The synthesis and spectroscopic analyses of these investigations will be presented. R.A.R. gratefully acknowledges the Kaolin Endowment, Faculty Research Awards and the Department of Chemistry & Physics at GCSU. Financial support for pre‐college students was provided by the American Chemical Society. K. D. gratefully acknowledges the Chemistry Scholars Program and R.A.R. acknowledges support from Faculty Research Awards and the Science Education Endowment at GCSU. N.G and C.J. gratefully acknowledge the American Chemical Society’s Project SEED program for support of this project. J‐W.G and G.J. gratefully acknowledge the Young Scientists Academy at GCSU. R.A.R. and C.H.L. gratefully acknowledge Dr. Beckum, Dr. Leisen, and Bo Xu at the Georgia Institute of Technology for technical assistance.

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS Tuesday, PM Session Chair

Technical Session 5 1:45 P.M – 3:45 P.M. Biochemistry Carma Cook, Ph.D. Auburn University

M105

Presenters METAL ASSISTED ASSEMBLY OF COLLAGEN PEPTIDES Lyndelle, T, LeBruin, Martin, A, Case* University of Vermont, Department of Chemistry, Burlington, VT, 05405 Abstract The modification of natural collagens has proved challenging, and these difficulties are compounded by immunological problems when modified collagens are expressed in higher animals. Consequently there is a demand for collagen‐like peptides (CLPs) to serve as models in which these problems are minimized. The tertiary structure of collagen consists of a triple helix of polyproline type(II) sequences (Xaa‐Yaa‐Gly)n with the consensus triplet Pro‐Hyp‐Gly (Hyp is (4R)‐hydroxyproline). We have developed short CLPs whose assembly into collagen triple helices is directed by interchain metal‐ ligand interactions. The covalent attachment of 2,2ʹ‐bipyridyl ligands to the N‐termini of (Pro‐Hyp‐ Gly)5 CLPs directs the formation of the collagen triple helix in the presence of hexacoordinate nickel(II). We describe the remarkable stability of these metal‐assembled CLPs, and the enrichment of a preferred heterotrimeric CLP from a mixture of PPII sequences. Crystal structures of the apo‐ homotrimers are guiding the redesign of sequences that adopt the staggered collagen triple helix. POSSIBLE DRUG TARGETS FOR MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS: FREE 2:00 – 2:15 ENERGY CALCULATIONS OF IRON‐DEPENDENT REPRESSOR (IdeR) 1:45 – 2:00

Joycelynn D. Nelson1,2*, T. Logan1,2, W. Yang1,2 1Florida State University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Tallahassee FL 2Florida State University, Institute of Molecular Biophysics, Tallahassee FL Abstract Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is responsible for the deaths of nearly 2,000,000 people per year in the world or nearly one person every 15 seconds according to the World Health Organization (WHO). The bacteria usually assault the lungs but are capable of attacking any part of the body, including the brain, kidneys, and spine. Currently, victims of tuberculosis are subjected to a cocktail of drugs with treatment lastly at least 6 months up to over a year where affective drugs are available. The sheer length of treatment is substantial both finically and physically. Iron is an essential component of life for all living organism, yet, bacteria, like Mtb, are unable to produces its own supply and must acquire it from the host. Mtb is heavily dependent on iron for many critical processes like electron transport, respiration, and DNA replication. A more detailed understanding of metal binding properties of Mtb may guide researchers in more effective and efficient drug treatments. In Mtb, iron‐dependent repressor (IdeR), which has at least two metal binding sites, is the protein responsible for sensing iron levels and, as a consequence, regulating the extortion of iron from the host. Using molecular dynamics 30

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS (MD) simulations, we present binding free energy calculations and conformational change experience by IdeR (PDB 1U8R) upon metal binding (state 1) and unbinding (state 2). These studies show an average free energy difference between the two states is about 4 kcal/mole at each metal binding site and the atomistic details of the conformational changed experienced by IdeR. These data are in excellent agreement with confirmed experimental data1. The present results indicate that an atomic model may be sampled adequately without computational expense and with good accuracy. More specifically, our data show the most probable metal binding pathway of IdeR. The potential application for computer simulations in drug design has proven to be at the forefront of science as many attractive drug targets have metals bound in the active sites. 1. Semavina, M., Beckett, D., Logan, T.M. Metal‐linked dimerization in the iron‐dependent regulator from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Biochemistry 45, 12480‐12490 (2006). DUAL ACTING HISTONE DEACETYLASE INHIBITOR‐ESTROGEN 2:15 – 2:30 MODULATOR CONJUGATES FOR TUMOR‐SPECIFIC DELIVERY Kenyetta A. Johnson*, Vishal Patil, Li‐Pan D. Yao, Marcie Rice, Bahareh Azizi, Donald F. Doyle, and Adegboyega K. Oyelere School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, 30332‐0400 Abstract A cooperative anti‐proliferative activity, against estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) positive breast cancer cells, has been seen in combination therapy consisting of selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) and histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi). However, one common liability of multiple drug therapies is the inherent pharmacokinetic disadvantage of two (or more) separate drugs. Identification of agents that possess ʺcombination chemotherapyʺ potential within a single molecule could ameliorate many of the shortcomings of the traditional combination therapy approach. We described herein the identification of a new class of dual acting HDACi‐estrogen modulator conjugates. We found that an appropriate covalent linkage of suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), a prototypical HDACi, with tamoxifen, a classic SERM, resulted in conjugates that retained independent anti‐HDAC and estrogen receptor binding activities. Specifically, the anti‐estrogen activities of conjugates 8, 13a, and 13b, are 3‐fold more potent than that of tamoxifen in a yeast chemical complementation assay. Additionally, conjugate 8 possess a superior anti‐proliferative activity against ERα positive breast cancer cells relative to tamoxifen and SAHA, either as stand alone agent and co‐administered in a combination therapy setting. Our results suggest that conjugation of estrogen modulators to HDACi moiety could facilitate a selective delivery of HDACi to hormone positive tumors and possibly broaden the scope of ER ligand clinical use. 31

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS SYNTHESIS OF MODIFIED NUCLEOTIDES AS PROBES AND INHIBITORS FOR DNA REPAIR ENZYMES JohnPatrick Rogers1, Sheng Cao2, and Sheila S. David*1 1 University of California‐Davis, Department of Chemistry, Davis, CA 95616 2University of Utah, Department of Chemistry, Salt Lake City, UT Abstract When a cell is under conditions of oxidative stress, Guanine, the most susceptible base to oxidative damage, can be oxidized to produce oxidation products such as 7,8‐dihydro‐8‐oxoguanine (OG), guanidinohydantoin (Gh) and spiroiminohydantoin (Sp). If these oxidized products are not removed from DNA by enzymes belonging to the Base Excision Repair Pathway (BER), further replication events can result in permanent mutations within the genome. To understand how the enzymes in the BER pathway process these oxidized guanine products within a DNA duplex, we have synthesized substrate mimics of OG containing fluorine at the 2ʹalpha or 2ʹbeta position of the nucleotide. The modified phosphoramidite monomers were incorporated into oligonucleotide strands which were then oxidized to make the corresponding 2ʹfluoroderivatives of FGh and FSp. They were used for biochemical studies of DNA repair enzymes. Our preliminary data indicates that the processing of the 2ʹ‐fluoro‐containing oligonucleotides by BER glycosylases is highly influenced by the sugar conformation, the damaged base, as well as the specific DNA glycosylase examined. APPLICATION OF THE GOLGI TWO‐HYBRID ASSAY TO STUDY PROTEIN 2:45 – 3:00 INTERACTIONS INVOLVED IN ER ASSOCIATED DEGRADATION (ERAD) Whitney Henry1, Bin Li2, Jennifer Kohler2 1Department of Biology, Grambling State University, Grambling, LA 2Internal Medicine, Division of Translational Research, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX Abstract In the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) associated degradation process (ERAD), terminally misfolded or unassembled proteins in the early secretory pathway are targeted, translocated to the cytoplasmic ubiquitin conjugating machinery and later destroyed by 26S proteasomes. The primary objective of this project is to apply the Golgi Two‐Hybrid assay, a modification of the traditional Yeast Two‐Hybrid assay, to elucidate the mechanism of the ERAD process by studying protein interactions involved in this process. The fundamentals of this assay involved the reconstitution of the modular Golgi‐resident 1, 6 mannosyltransferase, Och1, which has been genetically separated into two non‐functional catalytic (Cat) and localization (Loc) domains. In this project, the Golgi two‐hybrid assay was applied to test the negative controls that will be used in studying the interaction between two ER resident glycoproteins ‐ OS9 and GRP94. Recent studies indicate that GRP94, a molecular chaperone, may be associated to the ER‐lectin, OS9, which binds to ERAD substrates. The three isoforms of OS9 were genetically fused to a vector containing the non‐functional catalytic domain of Och1 and then transfected into ∆ Och1 MAT a yeast strain along with plasmid constructs containing the Gal80‐Loc and Hap5‐Loc protein fusions respectively. Gal80 and Hap5 are two transcriptional factors that are not expected to interact with any of the isoforms of OS9 and thus should not reconstitute Och1. These double transformed yeast strains showed slower growth on Congo red agar at 30 C as well as enhanced binding to fluorescein labeled 2:30 – 2:45

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS wheat germ agglutinin, which was analyzed by flow cytometry. These results coincide with the hypothesis that the three variants of OS9 do not interact with both Hap5 and Gal80, and that the subsequent negative controls prepared are suitable for further study of protein interactions between OS9 and other proteins thought to be involved in ERAD. Our understanding of this control surveillance process is imperative as accumulation of misfolded proteins in the ER may induce ER stress. Sustained ER stress has been implicated in neurodegenerative diseases such as Huntington, Parkinson and Alzheimer. STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION STUDIES OF STT3P, THE CATALYTIC 3:00 – 3:20 DOMAIN OF YEAST OLIGOSACCHARYLTRANSFERASE Carma O. Cook* Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849 Abstract Oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) is a multi‐subunit enzyme that catalyzes the co‐translational N‐ glycosylation of nascent polypeptides in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen. In the central step of N‐glycosylation, a preassembled oligosaccharide moiety is transferred to the asparagines side chain located in the Asn‐X‐Ser/Thr consensus sequence of the nascent polypeptides in the lumen of the ER. Defects in the N‐glycosylation pathway can cause disorders known as congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG). Complete loss of N‐glycosylation is lethal in organisms. Clearly, understanding the function of each subunit and the mechanism of N‐glycosylation catalysis has significant biomedical ramifications. In the case of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, temperature and staurosporine sensitivity screening has revealed that the protein product of the STT3 gene, Stt3p, is one of nine multi‐ transmembrane subunits of the OST enzyme complex. Due to the inherent difficulties associated with integral membrane protein studies, the enzymatic mechanism of OST function remains obscure, although overwhelming results indicate that the C‐terminal domain of the Stt3p (Stt3p‐Cterm) subunit contains the substrate recognition and/or catalytic site. The expression, purification, and structural characterization of the Stt3p‐Cterm in the yeast host Pichia pastoris will be presented and discussed. The expressed membrane protein was solubilized, isolated, and purified successfully to homogeneity. Hydropathy index and TM domain prediction programs indicate that at least one TM domain may be present in the Stt3p‐Cterm. Therefore, structural characterization of this protein in detergent micelles using circular dichroism (CD) and high‐resolution solution NMR methods will be presented. STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION STUDIES OF THE C‐TERMINAL DOMAIN 3:20 – 3:40 OF STT3P, A SUBUNIT OF YEAST OLIGOSACCHARYLTRANSFEARSE S. Mohanty; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, AL Abstract Oligosaccharyl transferase (OST) is a multi‐subunit enzyme that catalyzes the co‐translational N‐ glycosylation of nascent polypeptides in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In the case of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, OST is composed of nine non‐identical transmembrane protein subunits. In the central step of N‐glycosylation, a preassembled oligosaccharide moiety is transferred to the asparagine side chain located in the Asn‐X‐Ser/Thr consensus sequence of the nascent polypeptides in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Defects in N‐glycosylation pathway can cause disorders known as 33

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG). Complete loss of N‐glycosylation is lethal in organisms. Due to the inherent difficulties associated with integral membrane protein studies, the enzymatic mechanism of OST function remains obscure, although overwhelming results indicate that C‐terminal domain of Stt3p subunit contains the substrate recognition and /or catalytic site. The three‐dimensional structure of the smallest subunit, Ost4p will be presented. The C‐terminal domain of Stt3p subunit production in E.coli, purification and structural characterization will also be discussed. The protein is expressed as inclusion bodies (IB). The IB have been denatured, refolded and purified successfully to homogeneity. Hydropathy index and TM domain prediction programs indicate that at least one transmembrane domain may be present in this C‐terminal domain of Stt3p. Structural characterization in detergent micelles using circular dichroism (CD) and high‐resolution solution NMR methods will be presented.

Tuesday, PM Session Chair

Technical Session 6 4:00 P.M. – 6:00 P.M. Next Generation Technologies Issac Gamwo, Ph.D. U.S. Department of Energy

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Presenters FILTER CAKE FORMATION ON THE WELLBORE WALL DURING DRILLING OPERATION Isaac K. Gamwo1* and Mohd A. Kabir1,2 1U.S Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, Pittsburgh, PA 15236‐0940 2ORISE, U.S Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, Pittsburgh, PA 15236‐0940 Abstract During drilling process, the drilling fluid continuously cycles through the drill assembly. The fluid or slurries is expected to perform many functions simultaneously. Some of the most important functions are transport of drilled solids from the wellbore and release them at the surface, lubricate the drilling assembly, reduce friction and wear on the drilling assembly, maintain a favorable pressure difference between the wellbore and the rock formation, seal the well wall in permeable formation by forming a filter cake at the wall. The primary purpose of the filter cake is to reduce the large losses of drilling fluid to the surrounding formation. Unfortunately, formation conditions are frequently encountered which may result in unacceptable losses of drilling fluid to the surrounding formation despite the type of drilling fluid employed and filter cake created. The filter cake forms in permeable zones in the wellbore wall can also cause stuck pipe and other drilling problems. Despite filter cake importance in well bore drilling operations, very limited studies have been carried on the filter cake formation. In this presentation, we discuss the simulation of the filter cake formation using a computational fluid dynamics code FLUENT. In particular, we examine the cake formation during drilling miles in the sediment where high temperature (150 oC) and high pressure (20, 000 psi) are encountered. 4:00 – 4:20

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS 4:20 – 4:40

A N‐ALKYLDITHIENOPYRROLE AND DIKETOPYRROLOPYRROLE‐BASED COPOLYMER AS AN ORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR FOR ORGANIC FIELD EFFECT TRANSISTORS Toby L. Nelson, Tomasz Young, Junying Liu, Sarada P. Mishra, Tomasz Kowalewski, Richard D. McCullough* Carnegie Mellon University, Chemistry Department, Pittsburgh, PA 15213

Abstract A narrow bandgap polymer that unites the properties of the strong donor dithienopyrrole (DTP) and the strong acceptor diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) has been synthesized. This new donor‐acceptor polymer, poly[2,5‐dihexadecyl‐3‐{5‐[4‐(2‐hexyl‐decyl)‐4H‐dithieno[3,2‐b;2ʹ,3ʹ‐d]pyrrol‐2‐yl]‐thiophen‐2‐ yl}‐6‐thiophen‐2‐yl‐2,5‐dihydro‐pyrrolo[3,4‐c]pyrrole‐1,4‐dione] (PDDTP‐DPP), demonstrates behavior contributed to the donor‐acceptor system such as red‐shifted absorption maxima (~860 nm) and a narrow band gap (1.2 eV). Moreover, this copolymer exhibits high reproducible mobilities. The microstructure of PDDTP‐DPP thin films was investigated by two‐dimensional grazing incidence wide angle x‐ray scattering and atomic force microscopy to understand the thin film morphology as it relates to FET performance. GUMBOS: A NEW BREED OF NANOMATERIALS 4:40 – 5:00 Isiah M. Warner*, Bilal El‐Zahab, Min Li, and Susmita Das Dept. of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 Abstract Spectroscopy has been a fundamental component of my research since the beginning of my academic career more than 30 years ago. More recently, my research has begun to focus on the development of new approaches to production of nanoparticles using a group of uniform materials based on organic salts (GUMBOS). In this regard, we have recently developed novel nanomaterials with capabilities for easily providing a variety of properties which can be exploited for bioanalytical measurements. These nanoparticles are typically produced from frozen ionic liquids using a variety of methods for creating relatively monodispersed nanoparticles. This talk will focus on discussions of these new kinds of nanomaterials currently under development in my laboratory, as well as provide a contrast to other currently used nanomaterials. The spectroscopic properties of some of our new nanoparticles will also be discussed in detail. FABRICATING MICROFLUIDIC SYSTEMS USING HIGH SPEED 5:00 – 5:20 MULTIPHOTON ABSORPTION POLYMERIZATION George Kumi1, Floyd Bates1, Ciceron O. Yanez2, Kevin D. Belfield2,3, John T. Fourkas*1,4,5,6 1Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 2Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816 3CREOL, The College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816 4Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 35

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS Maryland NanoCenter, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 6Center for Nanophysics and Advanced Materials, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 Abstract The true three‐dimensional (3D) fabrication capability offered by multiphoton absorption polymerization (MAP) permits the creation of arbitrarily complex 3D microstructures. This capability can be exploited to develop microfluidic devices that require complicated 3D master structures for their production. We have fabricated several microfluidic master structures using high MAP laser writing speeds. These speeds, which are markedly faster than those typically employed for MAP, mitigate one of the major drawbacks of MAP – long fabrication times. To illustrate the potential of high speed MAP, our focus has been on microfluidic systems that pose a challenge to standard photolithography. To this end, we have produced a variety of non‐rectangular microfluidic channel cross‐sections that yield unique flow profiles. We have also designed and fabricated devices that utilize 3D hydrofocusing to produce sheathed streams in microfluidic channels. These sheath‐flow devices are important for wide variety of chemical and biological applications, such as flow cytometry, micro‐droplet formation, and rapid diffusion‐based microfluidic mixing. In addition, 3D microfluidic devices with intricate microfluidic paths that afford the facile manipulation of fluid boundaries in a microchannel will be presented. Specific applications for these devices will be discussed. HIGH RESOLUTION SPECROSCOPY OF COMETS WITH LARGE 5:20 – 5:40 TELESCOPES William M. Jackson*, Anita L. Cochran**, Walt Harris*, Ron Vervack***, Neil Dello Russo***, and Hal Weaver*** * University of California, Davis, CA 95616 ** University of Texas McDonald Observatory, 1 University Station, C1402, Austin, TX 78712 ***Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Lab, 11100 Johns Hopkins Road, Laurel, MD 20723‐6099 Abstract 5

Simultaneous observations of comet Wild 2 were made with the two 10 m Keck telescopes (Keck I and Keck II) on the top of Mauna Kea in Hawaii are described. The Keck I telescope is equipped with a high‐ 36

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS resolution echelle spectrograph (HIRES) that records emissions from comet in the spectral region between 307.0 to 574.5 nm. While, the Keck II telescope records the infrared emissions with the near infrared spectrometer (NIRSPEC) in the spectral region from 2.84 to 3.63 m. These simultaneous measurements provide detailed information about links between the parent molecules H2O, HCN, CH3OH, H2CO, C2H6, C2H2, and NH3 observed by NIRSPEC and there daughters O, OH, CN, CH, C2, C3, NH, and NH2 observed with the HIRES instrument. The specific questions that will be addressed are links between the parents, daughters, and granddaughters. Examples of such links are the CH4 and/or C2H6 CH; NH3 NH2 NH; HCN CN; and C2H2 C2; C2H6 C2. WMJ, was supported by NSF grant AST‐0908529. ALC was supported by NASA Grant NASA NNX08A052G. NDR, RV and HW were supported by NASA PAST grant NNG06G142G The authors wish to recognize and acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Mauna Kea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community. We are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain. +JET MEASUREMENTS IN AU+AU COLLISIONS WITH THE SOLENOIDAL 5:40 – 6:00 TRACKER AT RHIC (STAR) Martin J.M. Codrington1,2 & Saskia Mioduszewski*1,3 (for the STAR Collaboration) 1The Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 2The Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 3The Department of Physics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 Abstract One of the most intriguing results from the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) experiments thus far, is the observed suppression of hadrons at high transverse momentum; which is attributed to final state medium‐induced energy loss of hard scattered partons. To quantify the energy loss, and the response of the medium to the deposited energy and momentum; a probe is needed that has negligible interaction with the medium itself, and thereby can provide a calibration of the momentum scale of the underlying process. One such probe is a prompt photon (i.e. produced from the initial hard‐scattering process). Studying correlations of a prompt photon with a jet (γ+Jet), should allow one to study the attenuation and modification of a jet with well‐defined energy quantitatively. And thus promises to provide a wealth of information about the energy‐loss process. There is, however, a large background of photons from the decay of neutral mesons (mainly the π0). Ideally, a large fraction of these decay photons are rejected before a correlation study is undertaken. In the STAR experiment, this can be done using the transverse shower profile measured in the Shower Maximum Detector (SMD) of the Barrel Electromagnetic Calorimeter (BEMC). The latest results of this analysis will be presented. 37

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS Thursday, AM

Professional Outreach Symposium 4:00 P.M. – 5:45 P.M.

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Funding Opportunities for Students and Professionals 4:00 – 4:45

Presenters THE TECHNOLOGY INNOVATION PROGRAM Marlon L. Walker* Technology Innovation Program National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg, MD 20899 Abstract

The Technology Innovation Program (TIP) at the National Institute of Standards and Technology was established to assist U.S. businesses and institutions of higher education or other organizations, such as national laboratories and nonprofit research institutions, to support, promote and accelerate innovation in the United States through high‐risk, high reward research in areas of critical national need. These are areas that justify government attention because the problems are large and the societal challenges that need to be overcome are not being addressed, but could be addressed through high‐ risk, high‐reward research. High‐risk, high‐reward research has the potential for transformational results enabling disruptive changes over and above current methods and strategies. Transformational results have the potential to radically improve our understanding of systems and technologies, challenging the status quo of research approaches and applications. These revolutionary new technologies can have a profound impact on the challenges our society faces. Details of the program will be discussed, including past and current competitions, eligible applicants, joint ventures and single applicants, evaluation criteria, and competition guidelines. Break 4:45 – 5:00 SCIENCE FOR POLICY & POLICY FOR SCIENCE: FELLOWSHIP 5:00 – 5:45 OPPORTUNITIES IN WASHINGTON Daniel Poux* Science and Technology Policy Fellowships American Assoication for the Advancement of Science Abstract “Science and technology are responsible for almost every advance in our modern quality of life. Yet science isnʹt just about laboratories, telescopes and particle accelerators. Public policy exerts a huge impact on how the scientific community conducts its work.” From Beyond Sputnik: U.S. Science Policy in the 21st Century by Homer Neal, Tobin Smith and Jennifer McCormick 38

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS This session will explore fellowship opportunities at the intersection of science and policy, both in terms of ʺscience for policyʺ and ʺpolicy for scienceʺ. The session will highlight needed skills in the realm of science policy, as well as introduce several ways scientists can learn more about opportunities in science policy, including the AAAS Science & Technology Policy Fellowships. Thursday, AM

Session Chair 8:00 – 8:20

Award Symposium 4 8:00 A.M. – 10:00 A.M. NOBCChE Undergraduate Award Competition Calvin James, Ph.D. The Lubrizol Corporation

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Presenters The Lubrizol Corporation Undergraduate Awardee EXPANDING THE PROCESSING WINDOW OF NANOPARTICLE THIN FILMS Earnest F. Long, Jr. and Dr. Daeyeon Lee* School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania Abstract

In 1966, R.K. Iler published an article detailing a technique in which layers of oppositely charged nanoparticles are deposited sequentially onto a substrate in order to form a nanoparticle thin film. This process came to be known as Layer‐by‐Layer Deposition (LbL). However, Iler’s method did not receive any considerable attention until 25 years later, when G. Decher and his team of scientists began working with oppositely charged polymers to assemble LbL films. Their research highlighted the possible applications of these thin films by exploring the properties they impart upon glass. In particular, a TiO2/SiO2 nanoparticle thin film manufactured in this way has three notable properties: it is anti‐fogging, anti‐reflective, and self‐cleaning. The properties mentioned above are derived from the nature of the film. The anti‐fogging property, for instance, is a result of the structure of the film making the glass superhydrophilic. Hydrophilic surfaces “attract” water and distribute it across the surface. Hydrophobic surfaces, on the other hand, “repel” water and cause it to bead on the surface. In quantitative terms, a hydrophilic surface is defined to be one for which the contact angle of a water droplet (the angle at which the droplet is in contact with the surface) is less than 90 degrees. A water droplet on a hydrophobic surface would have a contact angle of 90 degrees or greater. Whether a surface is hydrophilic or hydrophobic depends largely on its structure and surface chemistry. Surfaces containing many crevices and depressions are generally more hydrophilic because water distributes itself into those spaces. However, when water vapor comes into contact with glass, the water does not distribute itself well across the surface. In other words, tiny condensed water droplets maintain a flattened oval shape on the surface of the glass which, in turn, causes the glass to appear foggy. The reason thin films make glass so hydrophilic is because they are very porous. Thus, water has many more crevices to fill upon contact with the surface, and a droplet can distribute itself completely across the surface almost instantaneously. The anti‐reflective property is also derived from the nature of the film. Anti‐reflection occurs because of the way that the film interacts with light. With normal glass, when light hits the surface, most of it is transmitted, but some light is reflected back off of the surface. It is this reflected light that causes the 39

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS faint reflection people sometimes see in glass. The refractive indices of thin films help eliminate this reflection by causing destructive interference with the reflected light and constructive interference with the transmitted light, reducing the reflection and making the glass appear clearer. Unlike the other two properties, the self‐cleaning property stems mostly from the nature of one of the components of the film, titanium dioxide (TiO2). Titanium dioxide is photocatalytic, meaning that it reacts with sunlight. Specifically, it absorbs UV radiation in sunlight and, with that energy, decomposes dirt and other organic contaminants. From here, dirt can easily be washed off of the glass thanks to the superhydrophilicity of the film. 8:20 – 8:40 Colgate‐Palmolive Company Undergraduate Awardee SYNTHYESIS OF FLUOROGENIC CYANINE DYES Stanley Oyaghire*, Dr. Angela Winstead1, Dr. Bruce Armitage2

Morgan State University, Department of Chemistry, Baltimore MD 21251 Carnegie Mellon University, Department of Chemistry, Pittsburgh PA 73110 Abstract Cyanine dyes have become widely used in the fields of Biology and Biotechnology, where they are applied in areas such as flow cytometry and cell microscopy. Non‐symmetrical cyanines are widely used as stains for nucleic acids because of their fluorogenicity. Such applications derive from the ability of these dyes to show significantly improved fluorescence in conformationally restricted environments such as DNA intercalation sites. Constantin et. al synthesized Dimethyl Indole Red(DIR), an example of a non‐symmetric dye that suppresses non‐specific binding to nucleic acids and proteins. While these dyes introduce specificity, they permit only imaging of ‘fixed’ cells as their substituents cause electrostatic repulsion against the phosphate backbone of the cell membrane. Also, synthesis of these dyes using conventional techniques is known to yield a mixture of both the symmetric and non‐symmetric products. Herein, we attempt to obtain a derivative of DIR based on our success at obtaining high quality product in the synthesis of the heptamethine dyes. Synthetic steps involved the quaternization of both heterocycles, followed by synthesis of the hemicyanine, and finally, the condensation of the hemicyanine with the complimentary quaternized heterocycle to obtain the target dye. A mixture of both the symmetric and non‐symmetric dyes was obtained by conventional organinc synthesis. However, preliminary results based on synthesis of other non‐symmetric dyes using MAOS, show a preference for the non‐symmetric products. Such methods would be employed in synthesizing the target dye. We also intend to increase the conjugation of the fluorogenic dye, extending its emission spectrum to the near infra‐red (NIR) region. Such modification would suppress background interference from fluorescent proteins within the cell. The quaternization of the intermediate heterocycles, which posed a considerable challenge with conventional methods, would also be explored with MAOS. This study was supported, in part, by a grant from NSF awarded to Dr. Bruce Armitage, Department of Chemistry, Carngie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 1

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS 8:40 – 9:00

Winifred Burks‐Houck Undergraduate Awardee ELECTROLESS NICKEL BASED CATALYSTS FOR HYDROGEN GENERATION BY HYDROLYSIS OF NABH4 Shannon P. Anderson, Egwu Eric Kalu Department of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering FAMU‐FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL Abstract Catalysts based on electroless nickel and bi‐metallic Ni‐Mo nanoparticles were developed for the hydrolysis of sodium borohydride for hydrogen generation. The catalysts were synthesized by polymer‐stabilized Pd nanoparticle‐catalyzation and activation of Al2O3 substrate and electroless Ni or Ni‐Mo plating of the substrate for selected time lengths. Catalytic activity of synthesized catalysts was tested for the hydrolyzation of alkaline‐stabilized NaBH4 solution for hydrogen generation. The effects of electroless plating time lengths, temperature and NaBH4 concentration on hydrogen generation rates were analyzed and discussed. Compositional analysis and surface morphology were carried out for nano‐metallized Al2O3 using XRD, SEM and EDAX. Suggestions are provided for further work needed prior to using the catalyst for hydrogen generation for portable devices including fuel cell powered smart phones, hand‐held video games etc. 9:00 – 9:20 The Lubrizol Corporation Undergraduate Awardee ARTIFICAL KIDNEY RESEARCH Yazmin Feliz, Edward Leonard*, Michael Hill* and Joe Woo* 1Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, NY 2Columbia University, New York, NY Abstract Background: At Columbia University, the Artificial Kidney Research Group is working towards developing a model of a kidney that would be effective in removing excess waste from the human blood of patients who have failing kidneys. Our purpose is to devise a filter that could act a nephron by separating the entering blood into a stream of waste, and a clean stream that would be re‐deposited into the body. An unforeseen problem that arose was the excessive clotting in the filters that would ultimately lead to filters not separating blood. Click Chemistry is being used to find an appropriate coating that would avoid cohesion of blood to the surface of the chips. Another goal of the team is to find the right dimensions and power needed for the motor of this apparatus. The group worked as a whole on providing input to improve the model and its dimensions, and devise new tests which would result in more reproducible and presentable data. Results: High pressure readings were obtained when running blood through filters, which led to the conclusion of clotting. Electron Scanning Microscope pictures clearly showed material adhesion on the surface of the chips. When running blood tests with different surface treatments, the chip treated with PerFluorinated OctoTrichloroSilane (FOTS), yielded best results of lower hemoglobin levels. However, the composition of FOTS was overly hydrophobic, restricting all passage of blood. Simultaneously, work through a series of different tests allowed for a successful determination of power (Watts) consumption of the apparatus using one and two feed streams. 41

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS Conclusions: The majority of the artificial kidney apparatus has been developed, which entails specific dimensions that work best with fluid dynamics to allow for steady separation of blood. The unexpected problem of clogging has not yet been resolved, and the molecules to be used in proper coating of the chip are still being processed. Power consumption of the motor for three to four input streams is still being computed. With further work, healthcare for patients with this delicate condition can be reformed for the better. 9:20 – 9:40 Colgate‐Palmolive Company Undergraduate Awardee OCEAN ACIDIFICATION IMPACTS ON LARVAL SHELL FORMATION BY ARGOPECTEN IRRADIANS (BAY SCALLOP) OF NEW ENGLAND Melissa A Pinard*1, Dr Daniel McCorkle2, Dr Anne Cohen3 Morgan State University, Chemistry Department, Baltimore MD, 21251(1) Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole MA, 02543(2,3) Abstract Bay scallops bring in millions of dollars in revenue to New England commercial fishermen each year and any negative impact on shellfish growth would affect them adversely. Increasing levels in atmospheric carbon dioxide lead to decrease of the carbonate ion concentration in the ocean. This may negatively impact the larval shell formation of the bay scallop because these organisms require an environment saturated with carbonate and calcium ions to form their shells. In this study the sensitivity of larval shell formation in Argopecten Irradians (bay scallops) to changes in surface water saturation (Ω) (CO‐23 ion concentration) was investigated by manipulating CO2 concentration in sea water on a laboratory scale. Fertilized bay scallop eggs were obtained two hours post‐fertilization and were grown under four different CO2 concentrations: 380 (control), 560, 840 and 2280 ppm for 72 hours and then harvested. The effects of elevated CO2 on shell formation were quantified by measuring hinge length as well as the number of larvae recovered. The initial study shows that elevated CO2 has a negative impact on both the shell formation and the survival rate. At lower CO2 the effect on survival rate was not as great as in the highest CO2 level. Increasing CO2 also resulted in decreasing shell size (hinge length). Possible future work would involve growing out the larvae for a longer period of time as well as seeing the effects that feeding this larvae would have on shell formation. Thursday, AM

Plenary IV 11:00 A.M. – 12:00 N Nigerian Society of Chemical Engineers Plenary

M101

DEVELOPMENT OF RELEVANT SKILLS REQUIRED FOR INDUSTRY IN YOUNG CHEMICAL ENGINEERS TRAINED FROM UNIVERSITIES IN NIGERIA FOR OPTIMUM PERFORMANCE IN INDURSTRY

Prof Francis O. Olatunji President, NSChE Infinite Grace House, Plot 9, Oyetubo Street, Off Obafemi Awolowo Way, Ikeja Lagos. Nigeria. Abstract 42

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS This paper takes a look at the present need for developing relevant skills required for industry in our newly‐trained, young Chemical Engineers. Nigeria gained independence in October, 1960 and established its first University department of Chemical Engineering in 1968 at the University of Ife (now Obafemi Awolowd University, Ile‐Ife). We now have over fifteen (15) Universities offering degrees in Chemical Engineering. A review is undertaken of our Chemical Engineering curriculum since the establishment of Chemical Engineering departments in our Universities starting with a 3‐year programme from “A” level entry to the present 5‐year programme from “O” level entry and with a sandwich industrial training. The minimum academic standard for Engineering & Technology education set up by a regulatory body in Nigeria, the National Universities Commission (NUC) are reported especially to achieve sustainable industrial development. The present widespread assessment of our young Chemical Engineering graduates is that they are lacking in the required skills to be productive in the industrial and business world and are therefore largely unemployable. This paper takes a look at the skill gap that exists in our present graduates and offers suggestions as to how to bridge the gap in order to improve the quality of our human capital. Finally, suggestion is made about a possible establishment of a specialized skill training center in Nigeria for training young Chemical Engineers in appropriate skills for industry, with technical support from NOBCChE and challenges in such establishment are discussed. Thursday, PM

Session Chair 1:00 – 1:30

Technical Session 7 1:00 P.M. – 5:00 P.M. Global Sustainability in Science, Engineering and Policy Darlene Schuster, AIChE‐Institute for Sustainability

M106

Presenters CREDENTIALING – MAKING SUSTAINABILITY SUSTAINABLE Deborah Grubbe*

AIChE‐Institute for Sustainability Abstract Today there are many definitions of sustainability, and if you ask x people, you will get x+n different answers. One of the current efforts within the Institute for Sustainability is to create a credentialing process, so that engineers who desire to practice in the sustainability space will be able to point to a recognizable testament of their knowledge. Also, when employers hire people who have the credential, they will know more about the candidate’s competence. While in the early stages, the sustainability credential is supportive of and additive to other certifications and licenses. The speaker will address the current and future areas of development. 43

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS 1:30 – 1:50

KINETICS OF BIO‐CATALYZED PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL FROM RENEWABLE FEEDSTOCKS Michael Gyamerah* Department of Chemical Engineering, Roy G. Perry College of Engineering, Prairie View A & M University, Prairie View, TX 77446

Abstract Biodiesel and bioethanol are renewable biofuel alternatives to fossil fuels receiving increased interest as a result of rising crude oil prices, depletion of resources and the potential for CO2 neutral production. Although base‐catalyzed chemical conversion of vegetable oils and an alcohol (mainly methanol) to biodiesel is a mature technology, microbial/enzyme catalyzed biodiesel production with its potential process advantages is still under development, and only one industrial scale process in China has been reported. This paper presents an overview of the case for biofuels, and research being initiated at Prairie View A & M University (PVAMU). The research approach to resolving the lipase/microbial catalyzed reaction mechanisms of the biotransformations, and obtaining the kinetic data to establish the appropriate rate equation for rational biochemical reactor design by predicting the progress of biodiesel production using vegetable oils and fermentation ethanol in a batch bioreactor will be presented. Finally, bioprocessing strategies for improving industrial enzymatic/microbial conversion of vegetable oils to biodiesel will be highlighted. CATALYTIC CONVERSION OF GLYCEROL INTO HIGHER VALUE MIXED 1:50 – 2:10 ALCOHOLS Roderick McDowell1, Rukiya Umoja, George Armstrong1, Mouzhgun Anjom2, and Devinder Mahajan*2 1Tougaloo College, Tougaloo, MS 39174, 2Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 Abstract Catalytic hydrogenation reactions are pervasive throughout our economy, from production of margarine as food, to liquid fuels for transportation. Due to the rapid depletion of natural resources, the production of alternative energy sources is vital. As such, the biodiesel industry is seeking novel ways to utilize its main by‐product, glycerol. The conversion of glycerol to higher‐valued products achieved by catalytic transformation presents a more resourceful way to hydrogenate glycerol. Although this process is a viable method, it requires the development of highly efficient catalysts that operate at low pressures and temperatures. We analyzed several metal catalysts that are capable of producing mixed alcohols (C1‐C5). The catalysts include Mo(CO)6, RhCl3(H20)3, Ruthenium on, CoCl2, and Mo(CO)6 + S2. All of the reactions were conducted in a 300 mL batch Parr reactor fitted with gas and liquid outlets for sampling under H2 or N2 at 500‐715 psig under 250‐280 oC. Gas chromatography was used to confirm the identity of all products. Initially, Mo(CO)6 was used as a catalyst at 715 psig pressure and 280 oC temperature. The alcohols detected were methanol (C1), ethanol (C2), propanol (C3), butanol (C4), and pentanol (C5). In our first experiment, a total of 0.17% C1, 0.88% C2, 0.12% C3, 0.1% C4 and 0.25% C5 were detected. The demonstrated results have implications in the development of next‐generation hydrogenation reaction systems that would lead to the production of biofuels and other chemicals, thus reducing the carbon footprint in the transportation sector. 44

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS Break REACTION KINETICS OF CELLLULOSE HYDROLYSIS IN SUBCRITICAL 2:20 – 2:35 AND SUPERCRITICAL WATER Kazeem B. Olanrewaju, Taiying Zhang, and Gary A. Aurand* The University of Iowa, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Iowa City, IA, 52242 Abstract More efficient conversion technologies are needed to utilize cellulosic biomass for the production of fuels and chemicals. Cellulose can be hydrolyzed very rapidly in supercritical water without the need for an enzyme or other catalyst. Fermentable sugar yield and selectivity obtained from this continuous flow process are low due to monosaccharide decomposition at high temperatures. High selectivity could be achieved by ensuring that the rate of cellulose hydrolysis is high relative to the rate of monosaccharide decomposition. However, treatment at lower, subcritical temperatures is ineffective because of cellulose insolubility. Results of hydrothermal oligosaccharide reactions suggest that monosaccharide yield and selectivity may be enhanced significantly via control of the reactor temperature. More detailed understanding of hydrothermal cellulose dissolution and hydrolysis kinetics is required to develop an efficient treatment process. Computer simulations of cellulose hydrolysis have been performed based on a variety of hydrolytic scission modes. The simulation results will be compared to cellulose molecular weight distributions from hydrolysis experiments in subcritical and supercritical water. The objective is to determine the mode(s) of scission and the corresponding reaction kinetics parameters. The results will be incorporated into a comprehensive model describing the process of cellulose conversion in hydrothermal systems. The model subsequently will be used in the development of an improved process design. UNCATALYZED ESTERIFICATION OF CARBOXYLIC ACIDS WITH 2:35 – 2:50 SUPERCRITICAL ETHANOL Kehinde S. Bankole and Gary A. Aurand* The University of Iowa, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Iowa City, IA, 52242 Abstract To shift from a petroleum‐based to a biomass‐based economy will require the development not only of biofuels, but also of biorenewable replacements for petroleum‐derived chemicals. In this regard, environmentally friendly biomass‐derived esters may serve as alternatives to fossil‐derived chemicals such as toxic halogenated solvents and glycol ethers. Therefore, esterification of biorenewable resources such as ethanol, acetic acid, lactic acid, and levulinic acid has been initiated by the chemical industry to convert biomass‐derived resources into useful chemicals. At atmospheric condition, esterification is a reversible reaction limited by the low equilibrium conversion and slow reaction rate, and has recently been performed with excess alcohol to shift the equilibrium conversion and either heterogeneous or homogeneous acid catalysts to achieve higher reaction rates. Although the acid‐ catalyzed process has been extensively developed, it has at least the following inherently undesirable drawbacks: the homogeneous acid catalyst can erode process equipment; miscibility of acid catalyst 2:10 – 2:20

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS with the reaction medium requires expensive downstream separation operations; there are possible side reactions such as dehydration and etherification; and acid disposal can be an issue. In addition, the heterogeneous acid‐catalyzed reactions can be mass transfer limited, require complex catalyst pre‐ treatment, suffer from deactivation of solid catalyst, and require longer reaction time. Supercritical fluids have received considerable attention over the last few years in the chemical industry due to their favorable gas‐like and liquid‐like properties. Performing reactions under supercritical conditions rather than in the conventional gas or liquid phase could be an interesting option for improving the equilibrium conversion, enhancing the reaction rate, and making the process more environmentally friendly. Supercritical ethanol has received attention as an alternative reaction medium because of its positive effects on the reaction rate, selectivity, and yield. Considering the growing importance of esterification reactions in industry, this work investigated the kinetics of uncatalyzed esterification at supercritical conditions with a stoichiometric ratio of carboxylic acid (acetic acid, lactic acid, and levulinic acid) to ethanol, using a corrosion resistant capillary tube batch reactor. Data will be presented regarding the effect of reaction temperature on equilibrium conversion, reaction kinetics, and thermodynamic parameters. KINETIC STUDY OF ALCOHOLYSIS OF BROWN GREASE CATALYZED BY 2:50 – 3:05 ALUMINUM CHLORIDE Solomon Simiyu, John B. Miller and Steven B. Bertman* Department of Chemistry, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008 Abstract Biodiesel (BD) is a mixture of fatty acid esters (typically methyl and/or ethyl) derived from both vegetable and animal fats. BD is biodegradable and generally considered an environmentally benign alternative diesel. Currently, commercial production of BD relies on refined oil or fat using base‐ catalyzed transesterification, but the high cost of virgin feedstock is a deterrent. One approach to making BD economically competitive with petroleum diesel is to use less‐expensive feedstocks such as waste cooking oils or greases. The high free fatty acid (FFA) content of waste feedstocks, however, makes base‐catalyzed chemistry impossible. A standard means of BD production from waste grease involves a two–step process, where an initial acid‐catalyzed esterification of the FFA is followed by a base‐catalyzed transesterification of the triglycerides. Sulfuric acid is often the catalyst for the acid step. However, a large amount of base is required to neutralize the acid remaining in the pretreated greases using this two‐step process, which increases the production cost. In this study, we examined the use of aluminum chloride (AlCl3) as catalyst for the esterification of waste grease to fatty acid methyl esters (FAME). High yields of FAMES under reflux conditions in methanol were achieved. Compared to H2SO4, AlCl3 has shown to have higher rates of conversion of FFA into esters than H2SO4. The use of AlCl3 may have economic advantages compared to mineral acid catalysts. Herein, the variables affecting esterification of waste grease using AlCl3, such as molar ratio of alcohol to oil, temperature, concentration of the catalyst and the concentration of grease were studied. Finally the efficacy of recycling the catalyst was investigated. A kinetic investigation revealing the order of the reaction and the dependence of the order on both the concentration of grease and of catalyst was undertaken. The energy of activation determined in this study was compared with that reported for H2SO4‐catalyzed waste grease esterification. 46

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS 3:05 – 3:25

A GENERAL APPROACH TO MULTICOMPONENT DISTILLATION COLUMN DESIGN T.J. Afolabi1 and A. O. Denloye2* 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria 2Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Lagos, Akoka, Yaba. Lagos, Nigeria 1Corresponding author; kdenloye@yahoo.com

Abstract The application of the developed VLE analytical correlations to computer aided multicomponent distillation designs showed that it is not enough that a property model (VLE) predicts well, the model must also have continuous first order derivative to be useful in computer aided design. A general procedure therefore has been developed that can be used for complex systems such petroleum mixtures by modifying the “ θ‐method” of convergence to handle situation in which discontinuity can be encountered. SELF‐ASSEMBLED POLYMERIC MATERIALS FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC 3:25 – 3:45 APPLICATIONS Dahlia Haynes*, Courtney Balliet, Tomask Young, Richard McCullough Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213 Abstract There are many polymers that exhibit supramolecular properties i.e. show binding affinity and selectivity towards anions, exhibit charge transport, and have significant electrical and optical properties, One of the most versatile of this family are Polythiophenes, which are well studied structures which have been utilized in a variety of applications due to their unique properties. There is considerable precedence towards the design of functional polythiophenes and their utility in variety of applications such as field effect transistors, light emitting diodes, photovoltaic cells, biomedical and optical sensing systems. The ability to control self‐assembly in nano‐structured materials plays a prevalent role towards the development of highly optimal electronic devices. As such, the self‐ assembled components can strongly affect the internal processes associated with energy transfer and conversion in polymeric devices and scaffolds. For instance, nanoscale self‐assembly of poly(3‐ alkylthiophenes) have been thoroughly investigated towards the optimization of charge carrier mobility and conductivity. One strategic technique has been the incorporation of other polymers via copolymerization and/or organic syntheses to induce various idealized morphologies via self assembled copolymer templates towards the design of efficient and high‐performance electronic devices. Herein, I demonstrate the use of copolymerization procedures to influence the degree and design of self‐assembled poly‐3‐alkylthiophenes by the addition of “soft” biodegradable segments and flexible elastomeric units. Block copolymers consisting of various units will be discussed in terms of their structure‐property relationships with distinct focus on the influence on self‐assembly and electronic properties of P3HTs with emphasis in photovoltaic applications. Break 3:45 – 3:55 47

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS TECHNOPRENEUSHIP CONSIDERATIONS IN ENHANCING CAPACITY BUILDING FOR DEVELOPING NATIONS Engr. Enefiok E. Ubom* Infinite Grace House, Plot 9, Oyetubo street, Off Obafemi Awolowo Way, Ikeja Lagos, Nigeria.

3:55 – 4:15

Abstract This paper gives a clarification initially between Entrepreneurship and Technopreneurship. It then takes a look at the present need for enhancing capacity building in developing nations through the Technopreneurship route. Leaning on the milestones achieved in selected economies through Technopreneuship route for capacity building, the paper assesses the situation in Nigeria and seeks to propose models geared towards lifting poor communities out of poverty. The presentation will discuss the merits of the models some of which are amenable to global applications while some could be specific. THE NEED FOR THIRD WORLD COUNTRIES TO DEVELOP A MIX OF 4:15 – 4:35 ALTERNATI.VE ENERGY SOURCES FOR INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS: THE CHALLENGE FOR NIGERIA Prof. Francis O. Olatunji*

President, NSChE Infinite Grace House, Plot 9, Oyetubo Street, Off Obafemi Awolowo Way, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria. Abstract The official Nigeriaʹs position at the recent Copenhagen Conference on global warming is to join with other African countries to speak with one voice in terms of seeking compensation for the damage done to the African continent as a result of the greenhouse gas emission by the developed economies. While Nigeria supports the new drive, globally, towards a cleaner atmosphere/environment, it is also mindful of the building blocks established through the Bali Action Plan at the l3th session of the conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on climate change, held in Bali, Indonesia, 2007, which included adaptation measures, mitigation, financial mechanism and capacity building. While, through these clear mechanisms above, funds should be obtained from the international community for development in order to ameliorate these damages, it is necessary for Nigeria to increase its capacity building in various alternative energy sources. It is the NSChEʹs position that Nigeria should develop a mix of alternative energy sources, to the conventional fossil fuels, such as solar, wind, hydroelectric and renewable‐based forms of energy. This presentation will discuss the merits and demerits of these mix of alternative energy sources, highlighting their contributions to industrial development as well as cleaner atmosphere/environment. The role of Chemical Engineers in this capacity building will be discussed. 48

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS 4:35 – 4:55

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING: A CRITICAL TOOL FOR ECONOMIC ADVANCEMENT OF NIGERIA Nche John D. Erinne* Chex & Associates (Consultants & Engineers) 3 Wilmer Street, Ilupeju, Lagos, Nigeria Abstract Situated on the West Coast of Africa, Nigeria is the largest country in Africa, with a population of 140m. The country is also a major petroleum producer, ranked as the 6th leading oil exporter and has the 7th largest reserve of natural gas in the world. The economy of Nigeria is indeed dominated by petroleum, to the extent that the Petroleum Industry accounts for over 80% of the revenue of the government. Nigeria has been ruled by military regimes for a total of about 30 years out of nearly 50 years of independence. Since the return to elective governance 10 years ago the government has struggled to consolidate democracy. It is also faced with the stiff challenge of delivering rapid economic development and improved living standards for her people, especially in such areas as: efficient and gainful exploitation of oil & gas resources, provision of public infrastructure and utilities, diversification of the economy for reduced dependence on petroleum, development of technological capability, growth of manufacturing and job creation. This paper highlights the key role of Chemical Engineering and Chemical Engineers in the realization of these developmental goals. It also examines the constraints and profers solutions to ensure the fulfillment of the potentials of Chemical Engineering in this regard. Thursday, PM

Session Chair

Award Symposium 6 3:00 P.M. – 5:00 P.M. Graduate Student Fellowship Sci‐Mix Symposium Daphne N. Robinson The Lubrizol Corporation

M101

Presenters Procter & Gamble Fellowship Awardee CELL‐RESPONSIVE PEPTIDE NUCLEIC ACID SIRNA NANOCONJUGATES FOR GENE DELIVERY Abbygail A. Palmer*, Millicent O. Sullivan University of Delaware, Department of Chemical Engineering, Newark, DE 19716 Abstract The development of a small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery vehicle designed to address the hierarchical nature of the gene delivery pathway may overcome the limitations in delivering siRNA 3:00 – 3:20

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS therapeutics. Our design consists of a modular system allowing for site‐directed delivery by introducing components for protection and targeting in a step‐wise fashion. SiRNA is tethered to a multifunctional poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) conjugate via a peptide nucleic acid (PNA) clamp and a cathepsin L‐cleavable linker peptide. Targeting and endosomolytic peptides are attached to the PEG backbone to form siRNA‐PNA‐peptide (siRP) conjugates. The siRNA‐PNA interaction was validated using agarose gel electrophoresis. Matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization time‐of‐flight (MALDI‐TOF) mass spectrometry was used to explore the PNA‐peptide and peptide‐PEG linkage reactions. We are currently further exploring siRP conjugate formation via sequential component additions, purification by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography, and validation by MALDI‐TOF mass spectrometry. 3:20 – 3:40 Winifred Burks‐Houck Graduate Awardee INVESTIGATING THE EFFECTS OF ELECTRON DELOCALIZATION ON INTERACTIONS BETWEEN WATER AND HYDROCARBONS Kari L. Copeland* and Gregory S. Tschumper University of Mississippi, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University, MS 38677 Abstract Diacetylene (H − C ≡ C − C ≡ C − H) is one of the smallest neutral, closed shell molecules with a delocalized π electron system. Unlike acetylene (H − C ≡ C − H), the delocalized π electron system in diacetylene causes it to closely mimic many of the important characteristics of the benzene dimer, which has been extensively used as a model for π‐type interactions, which are seen in the helical structure of DNA. In this work, ab initio electronic structure computations have been used to examine the structures and energetics of small hydrocarbon molecules interacting with water. Full geometry optimizations and vibrational frequency calculations were performed at the MP2 level of theory with Dunning’s correlation consistent triple‐ζ basis set, denoted haTZ (cc‐pVTZ for H and aug‐cc‐pVTZ for C and O). The CCSD(T) complete basis set (CBS) limit was determined by combining explicitly correlated MP2‐R12 computations with corrections for higher‐order correlation effects. Results for these clusters (CH4, C2H2, C2H4, C2H6, C4H2 and C6H6 paired with H2O) are compared in order to gain insight into changes that occur as the π electron system delocalizes. 3:40 – 4:00 Dow Chemical Company Fellowship Awardee SELF‐ASSEMBLED MONOLAYER DIRECTED GROWTH OF PLATINUM NANOPARTICLES BY ATOMIC LAYER DEPOSITION Marja Mullings,*1 Xirong Jiang2 and Stacey Bent1 mullings@stanford.edu, xrjiang@stanford.edu, sbent@stanford.edu 1Department of Chemical Engineering, 2Department of Physics Stauffer III, Chemical Engineering 381 North‐South Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA Abstract 50

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS Nanoparticles possess interesting chemical, physical, electronic and mechanical properties not typically observed on a larger scale. In the case of catalysis, the spatial distribution of nanoparticles, together with particle size and composition, are important considerations for increasing reactivity. The availability of new methods for simultaneously controlling the density and size of catalyst nanoparticle materials in a range of solid supports would be of tremendous value to the field of catalysis. We are exploring a method of fabricating Pt nanoparticles by atomic layer deposition (ALD) using surface functionalization of substrates to serve as a template for controlling the spatial dispersion and size of nanoparticles. ALD provides excellent capabilities for depositing materials in high surface area supports, while the use of functionalization would allow control over the morphology of the deposited material. Octadecyltrichlorosilane (ODTS) self‐assembled monolayers (SAM) were grown on silicon dioxide‐ coated silicon substrates through solution phase deposition. The ODTS‐coated samples were introduced into an ALD reactor for subsequent Pt ALD. The Pt ALD process was carried out using (methylcyclopentadienyl)‐trimethylplatinum and dry air as precursors at 280oC. Our previous work has shown that whereas no Pt ALD occurs on dense ODTS SAMs, Pt deposition does occur on lower quality SAM films. Moreover, the amount of growth is sensitive to the quality of the SAM and depends on the presence of defects in the film.1 Nucleation during ALD at defects in the SAM can result in nanoparticle formation. In the current study, the defect density was controlled by the SAM formation time. Following immersion of the substrates into ODTS precursor solution for lengths of time ranging from 2 to 12 hours, Pt ALD was performed. The densities of the deposited Pt nanoparticles were estimated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). We find that there is an inverse relationship between density of nanoparticles and ODTS SAM immersion time. The sizes of the deposited nanoparticles range from 4 to 600 nm. The composition of the nanoparticles was confirmed by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). Consistent with the SEM results, the atomic percentage of Pt decreases with an increase in ODTS SAM immersion time. In addition to the density of nanoparticles, we are actively studying the effect of the number of Pt ALD cycles on nanoparticle size for a fixed ODTS SAM template. Preliminary results show that while nanoparticle size increases with increasing number of Pt ALD cycles, nanoparticle density also increases. This finding might indicate that more Pt nucleation sites become available with increasing number of ALD cycles. The applicability of this SAM template technique for nanoparticle growth may be applied to other materials, including those with catalytic, photocatalytic or optoelectronic properties. 1. X. Jiang and S. F. Bent, Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 154 (12), D648‐D656, (2007) 51

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS 4:00 – 4:20

Lendon N. Pridgen, GlaxoSmithKline ‐ NOBCChE Fellowship Awardee A DIASTEREOSELECTIVE FISCHER INDOLIZATION APPROACH TOWARD FUSED INDOLINE‐CONTAINING NATURAL PRODUCTS Tehetena Mesganaw* University of California, Los Angeles

Abstract The discovery of efficient methods to synthesize complex bioactive molecules continues to be a vital area of research. A subset of compounds that have received substantial interest due to their medicinal properties and impressive structures are those that possess the fused indoline ring system. Specifically, enantioenriched fused‐indolines are of particular interest since most medicinal targets exhibit biological activity in one enantiomeric form. This presentation will highlight a novel and convergent method to prepare indoline‐containing products by way of an interrupted Fischer indolization sequence, as well as a diastereoselective variant to produce enantiopure products. E.I. Dupont Graduate Fellowship Awardee 4:20 – 4:40 THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE PARKINSON’S DISEASE‐RELATED MUTANT I93M OF THE DEUBIQUITINATING ENZYME UCHL1 Christopher W. Davies, Tushar K. Maiti, Chittaranjan Das* Purdue University, Department of Chemistry, West Lafayette, IN 47905 Abstract Ubiquitin is a 76 amino acid protein that is ubiquitously expressed in eukaryotes and is involved in signally pathways in which proteins are covalently linked to ubiquitin and subsequently degraded by the proteasome or lysosome. Deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) are proteases that regulate ubiquitin‐dependent pathways by counteracting ubiquitination by virtue of their ability to hydrolytically remove ubiquitin tags from protein adducts. Ubiquitin carboxy‐terminal hydrolyase L1 (UCHL1) is a DUB that is expressed exclusively in the brain, accounting for the majority of soluble protein in brain tissue (2%). A variant of UCHL1, I93M, has reduced enzymatic activity relative to the wild type enzyme and is known to be associated with the autosomal‐dominate form of Parkinson’s disease. We have crystallized and determined the structure of the I93M variant in both apo and ubiquitin‐bound (I93MUb) forms. Our analysis has shown that the overall structure of the I93M mutant is very similar to the wild type UCHL1; however, the catalytic cysteine of the mutant is misaligned relative to the wild type enzyme. This misalignment of the cysteine residue could account for the difference in activity of the mutant as compared to the wild type enzyme. 52

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS Thursday, PM Session Chair 3:00 – 3:20

Technical Session 8 3:00 P.M. – 5:00 P.M. Inorganic Chemistry

M104

Presenters EFFECT OF ANCILLARY LIGANDS AND SOLVENTS ON H/D EXCHANGE REACTIONS CATALYZED BY CP*IR COMPLEXES Yuee Feng*, Bi Jiang, Paul Boyle, Elon A. Ison

Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695‐8204 Abstract A series of complexes of the form Cp*Ir(NHC)(X)n and [Cp*Ir(NHC)(L)2][(OTf)2] (NHC = 1,3,4,5‐ tetramethl‐imidazol‐2‐ylidene, X = Cl, NO3, TFA, n = 2; X = SO4, n = 1; L = H2O, CH3CN; TFA = trifluoroacetate, OTf = trifloromethanesulfonate) have been synthesized and utilized for catalytic H/D exchange reactions between benzene and various deuterium sources. The reactivity of these complexes in catalytic H/D exchange reactions was assessed by GC/MS. The influence of the ancillary ligands (Cl, SO4, NO3, TFA, H2O, and CH3CN), and deuterium sources (CD3OD, CF3COOD, CD3COCD3, and D2O) on the catalytic reactivity in H/D exchange reactions was probed. In addition, the influence of the NHC ligand itself was probed by comparing the reactivity of the complex [Cp*Ir(NHC)(OH2)2][(OTf)2] with [Cp*Ir(OH2)3][(OTf)2] in catalytic H/D exchange reactions between benzene and CD3OD and CF3COOD. From these investigations, valuable insight into the mechanism of C‐H activation by Cp*Ir(NHC) complexes was attained. 3:20 – 3:35

MOLECULAR BASED SYNTHESIS OF SOLID STATE HIGH NUCLEARITY LANTHANIDE CHALCOGENIDE CLUSTERS FOR OPTOELECTRONIC AND SCINTILLATION APPLICATIONS Brian F. Moore1 , Thomas Emge1 ,Ajith Kumar2 , Richard Riman2 , John G. Brennan1 (1) Department of Chemisty & Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854 (2) Department of Ceramics and Materials Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 607 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854 Abstract The room temperature synthesis and characterization of a new series of Heptadecanuclear lanthanide chalcogenide ((Py)16Ln17Se18 (SePh)16Na ) clusters, will be presented, (Ln = Ce, Pr, Nd; Py = Pyridine). The 17 member core consists of a single Ln(III) center encapsulated by 10 μ3 Se2‐ ions that are then surrounded by Ln, with the surface of the cluster capped with additional Se2‐, py, and SePh. The ((Py)16Nd17Se18 (SePh)16Na) system exhibits NIR emissions with the highest Quantum Efficiency (Q.E.), of any molecular based lanthanide system to date, while the ((Py)16Ce17Se18 (SePh)16Na) system shows remarkable potential as a highly efficient scintillator. 53

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS 3:35 – 3:50

ANISOTROPIC MAGNETISM IN LnNiGa4 (Ln = Y, Gd – Yb) Kandace R. Thomas*1, Richard D. Hembree1, Amar B. Karki2, Yi Li2, Jiandi Zhang2, David P. Young2, John Ditusa2 and Julia Chan1

1Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 USA 2Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 USA Abstract We have studied the lattice structure, electronic and magnetic properties of a series of single crystals of LnNiGa4 (Ln = Y, Gd ‐ Yb). The LnNiGa4 (Ln = Y, Gd – Yb) crystallize in the orthorhombic YNiAl4‐ type structure with Cmcm (No. 63) space group symmetry. The crystal structure may be viewed as an intergrowth of partial AlB2‐superstructures and Ga only slabs, which adopt a distorted α‐Fe structure type. The magnetic properties of LnNiGa4 (Ln = Y, Gd ‐ Yb) were also investigated and show anisotropic behavior in the susceptibilities and field‐dependent magnetizations, where dramatic changes in the magnetization occur within a small change in applied field in the c‐direction of the crystal. Several analogues are field‐dependent, as they magnetically behave as antiferromagnets in relatively low field, but change to ferromagnets at higher field. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy results reveal the itinerant character of Ni in the compound such that the measured magnetic moments are mainly originated from rare‐earth elements rather than from Ni; while the multiple components in Ga 2p cores clearly indicate the distinct Ga sites in the compounds, in consistence with results of structural studies. DEVELOPMENT OF NOVEL PHARMACEUTICAL COCRYSTALS: THE USE 3:50 – 4:05 OF NUTRACEUTICALS AS GENERAL PURPOSE COCRYSTAL FORMERS Heather D. Clarke, Michael J. Zaworotko* University of South Florida, Department of Chemistry, Tampa, FL 33620 Abstract Pharmaceutical cocrystals, crystalline solids formed via complexation between different molecules, an API and a pharmaceutically acceptable “cocrystal former”, are a rapidly emerging class of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). It has been reported that 80% of APIs currently on the market are poorly soluble and henceforth exhibit poor oral bioavailability. The formation of salt forms is the traditional approach to the improvement of oral bioavailability of the API, however according to the orange book database, 53.2% of drug candidates exists as non‐ionizable forms. Pharmaceutical cocrystals provide an alternative for controlling the physicochemical properties of the API such as solubility and bioavailability. The report herein investigates the use of nutraceuticals, gallic acid in particular, as general purpose cocrystal formers in the design and synthesis of novel pharmaceutical cocrystals. Gallic acid, an antioxidant, possesses carboxylic acid and phenol moieties that are multiple hydrogen bond donors and acceptors and are therefore capable of forming stable and diverse intermolecular interactions (supramolecular heterosynthons) with complementary functional groups. Experiments were designed by empirical analysis of the supramolecular heterosynthons formed between carboxylic acids and phenols and other functional groups using the Cambridge Structural Database. Cocrystal formers were then chosen based on their functional moieties present and their aqueous solubility. Finally, dissolution studies were performed to see if there is a direct 54

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS correlation between the solubility of the pharmaceutical cocrystal and the component properties. 4:05 – 4:20

THE ELECTRON TRANSFER CHEMISTRY OF REVERSIBLE TWO ELECTRON PLATINUM REAGENTS Ronnie Muvirimi*, Jeanette A. Krause, William B. Connick University Of Cincinnati, Department of Chemistry, Cincinnati, OH 45221 Abstract

A central problem in thermal and photochemical catalysis is the manipulation and delivery of multielectron redox equivalents for substrate activation. As a step towards understanding and learning to control cooperative outer‐sphere two‐electron transfer reactions and with an eye towards constructing multielectron catalysts, we have developed a strategy for designing platinum complexes whose reactivity is characterized by transfer of the first electron being less favorable than transfer of the second. The complexes are composed of two potentially meridional‐coordinating tridentate ligands that are capable of stabilizing both four‐coordinate platinum(II) and six‐coordinate platinum(IV). In this presentation the synthesis, characterization and electronic properties of a series of outer‐sphere two‐electron reagents will be presented. In addition, we will discuss how variable temperature 1H NMR is used in the detection and evaluation of the interactions between the platinum metal center and the dangling nucleophiles. We will also show how ligand modification can be used to systematically tune the two‐electron redox couple. PREPARATION AND VOLTAMMETRIC STUDY OF DIRUTHENIUM 4:20 – 4:35 PADDLEWHEEL COMPLEXES BEARING EQUATORIAL FERROCENE SUBSTITUENT Darryl A. Boyd*1, Phillip E. Fanwick1, Robert J. Crutchley2, Tong Ren*1 1Purdue University, Department of Chemistry, West Lafayette, IN 47907 2Carleton University, Department of Chemistry, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, CANADA Abstract Our group is interested in the possibility of electronic communication between metal redox centers within single molecules at varying distances and through various molecular bond configurations. In the work presented here, ferrocene carboxylate ligands are attached to diruthenium metal centers, under reflux conditions, forming the peripherally modified diruthenium paddlewheel complexes Ru2(D(3,5‐Cl2Ph)F)3(O2CFc)Cl and cis‐Ru2(D(3,5‐Cl2Ph)F)2(O2CFc)2Cl, where “Fc” denotes ferrocene and “D(3,5‐Cl2Ph)F” denotes the ligand N, N’‐bis(3,5‐dichlorophenyl) formamidine. The goal of this work is to determine if there is electronic communication between the iron and diruthenium centers. Various electrochemical and spectroscopic techniques have been employed to monitor the electronic communication of the synthesized complexes. Results indicate the existence of an intervalence charge transfer (IVCT) band for the bis‐substituted complex monocation, demonstrating electronic communication between the iron centers through the diruthenium center. 55

TECHNICAL ABSTRACTS 4:35 – 4:55

COMBINING INDUSTRIAL AND ACADEMIC RESEARCH STRENGTHS TO TACKLE GRAND CHALLENGES Takiya J. Ahmed,* Karen I. Goldberg, D. Michael Heinekey University of Washington, Department of Chemistry, Seattle, WA 98105 Abstract

Selective reductions of over‐functionalized molecules will be key to the efficient, cost‐effective utilization of biomass, and efforts in this area are also at the forefront of academic and industrial research. Current progress toward the selective deoxygenation of polyols, such as glycerol, using a traditional academic approach and state‐of‐the‐art high throughput industrial resources for catalyst development will be presented. More specifically, in this contribution, the reactivity of a variety of late transition metal complexes toward the partial deoxygenation of diol and glycerol substrates under a plethora of reaction conditions will be discussed. The catalysts will be evaluated by comparison to the preeminent Ru, Rh, and Pt systems previously reported. The effects of water and acid content on reaction rate and selectivity will be examined, and mechanistic pathways that improve or derail selectivity will be entertained.

POSTER ABSTRACTS Wednesday, p.m.

NOBCChE Scientific Exchange Poster Session

Convention Center Hall 1

4:00 – 6:00 p.m.

Posters (ʺTitle,ʺ Presenter, Co‐Author(s), Affiliation)

CACTUS MUCILAGE: TOWARD AN ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY ALTERNATIVE TO REMOVE ARSENIC FROM DRINKING WATER Dawn I. Fox1, Thomas Pichler2, Daniel H. Yeh3, and Norma A. Alcantar1 1Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620 2Geosciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany 3Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of South Florida Tampa, FL 33620 Abstract Arsenic contamination of groundwater is a problem of global proportions and is the focus of research into new and improved methods to remove contaminants from drinking water. Conventional arsenic removal methods require centralized treatment facilities which may be economically inaccessible to poor rural communities. Further, these technologies have significant negative environmental impacts. Our work focuses on investigating a natural material, cactus mucilage, which has excellent flocculation properties, for arsenic removal. This material is an extract from the Opuntia ficus‐indica (also known as Nopal or Prickly Pear cactus). The mucilage has shown an interaction with arsenic and it separates As(V) ions from solution. Currently, we are investigating the kinetic mechanism by which the mucilage interacts with arsenic, with the aim of optimizing the process. Batch kinetic experiments were performed in which the mucilage was contacted with aqueous arsenic solutions. The arsenic concentration was detected with hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectroscopy. Electronic and chemical structural changes were observed with Attenuated Total Reflection‐Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR‐FTIR) and Ultraviolet‐Visible (UVVIS) spectroscopy. Arsenic concentrations increased 5‐15% at the air‐water interface of mucilage‐treated arsenic solutions and it has been shown to remove up to 85% of dissolved As. This increase was influenced by solution pH and optimal activity was shown at pH 5‐6. FTIR and UVVIS spectroscopy showed that the carbonyl and carboxyl functional groups of the mucilage are involved in the reaction with arsenic. Our results suggest that the mucilage binds the arsenic, and then transports it to the air‐water interface due to increased hydrophobicity. A mucilage‐based technology has the potential to be an inexpensive, environmentally sustainable alternative to removing arsenic from drinking water.

POSTER ABSTRACTS 2

INCREASED LIGHT EXTRACTION OF INASGASB LIGHT EMITTING DIODE THROUGH WET CHEMICAL ETCHING Deandrea Leigh Watkins1*, Jonathon Olesberg1, Thomas Boggess2, and Mark Arnold1 Departments of Chemistry1 and Physics2, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52246 Abstract Near infrared spectroscopy is under development for measuring glucose and other bio‐ molecules in biological fluids at wavelengths between 2.0 and 2.5 μm. High quality spectra are needed to successfully extract analytical information from near infrared spectra collected from clinical samples. A solid‐state near infrared spectrometer would advance the field by providing a means for collecting high quality spectra under non‐laboratory conditions. We are developing solid‐state light emitting diode (LED) sources from unique InAsGaSb semiconductor materials. Physical geometry of the LED region is a critical parameter and the physical geometry depends on many factors associated with the etching process, such as composition of the etching solution, relative concentrations of the etching components, and time of the etching reaction. This presentation will focus on the optimization of the etching solution to produce LED’s with high radiant powers. Results indicate that the depth of etching and the angle of the etched sidewalls can be optimized by controlling the etching conditions. Through this optimization of etch solution composition there was an increase in etch depth from 18.20 μm to 60.4 μm and an increase in etch rate from 0.61 μm/min. to 2.01 μm/min. when etched for a period of 30 minutes. In addition, the sidewall angle was reduced from 102⁰ to 62⁰ at 30 minutes of etch time.

MICROFLUIDIC DEVICES TO DETERMINE THE EFFICACY OF USING SURFACE BOUND EARLY TRANSITION METAL COMPLEXES IN THE SILYLCYANATION OF ALDEHYDES DeWayne D. Anderson, Wayne Tikkanen*, Frank A. Gomez Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University‐‐Los Angeles, 5151 State University Drive, Los Angeles, CA 90032 Abstract Tethering coordination complexes to a heterogeneous support is one method to improve the efficiency of homogeneous catalysts. However, the testing of catalysts is often time consuming and requires expending valuable quantities of reactants and catalysts to determine the selectivity and activity of a catalyst. More efficient methods to determine these properties are desirable, but have not been proven with Lewis acid catalysts. This project plans to: one, determine if microfluidic devices (MFDs) can be used on a nano‐scale level to determine the enantiomeric composition of products generated from our (Binol)‐Cl‐Zr‐O‐Si(O)3‐(bulk silica gel) catalyst; two, determine if the same type of qualitative separation that is seen using chiral gas chromatography can be seen using MFDs; and three, determine the enantioselectivity of a catalyst with different substrates if MFDs are able to separate the enantiomeric products from a Lewis acid catalyzed silylcyanation reaction. Commonly used aldehyde substrates in silylcyanation reactions are P‐nitrobenzaldehyde, P‐trifluoromethylbenzaldehyde, 3‐ pyridinecarboxaldehyde, P‐methylbenzaldehyde, Benzaldehyde, and P‐anisaldehyde. In order to determine if MFDs can be used in the detection of enantiomeric products, it is imperative to determine the effect that a catalyst has on “macroscale” reactions with aldehyde substrates using several aldehyde 58

POSTER ABSTRACTS 3

substrates from the list that has been mentioned. This requires determining the efficiency of our Lewis acid catalyst on a macroscale level; the effect that substrates have on catalyst efficiency; the ability of chiral chromatographic media to separate enantiomers; and, the ability to reuse the same chiral chromatographic media in the separation of enantiomers. In order to determine if the (Binol)‐Cl‐ Zr‐O‐Si(O)3‐(bulk silica gel) catalyst works, chiral gas chromatography will be used to determine the enantiomeric composition of products produced from the catalyst. Afterwards, the MFDs can be used on a nano‐scale level to determine their use in determining the enantiomeric composition of products from the silylcyanation of various substrates. Once all of the previous steps mentioned have been completed, we should be able to identify promising chromatographic media for MFDs, and gauge the ability of the devices to determine the enantiomeric composition of products generated from a Lewis acid catalyst.

TRIPLE QUADRUPOLE MASS SPECTROMETRIC FRAGMENTATION OF SELECTED ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING CHEMICALS: A STUDY OF FRAGMENTATION MECHANISMS OF HORMONAL STEROIDS Elizabeth I. Adeyemi*, Victor M. Ibeanusi, Yassin A. Jeilani Spelman College, Environmental Science and Studies Program, Atlanta, GA 30087 Abstract Endocrine‐disrupting chemicals (EDCs) have been detected in the environment and contribute to groundwater and soil contamination. There has been an increasing concern in the potential negative health effects from EDC exposure. Due to the environmental and physiological effects of EDCs, tandem mass spectrometric (MSMS) methods with low detection limits have been developed for environmental sample analysis. The increased use of these methods makes it necessary to study the MSMS fragmentation patterns of EDCs. The selected EDCs include: progesterone, 17α‐ ethynylestradiol, and β‐estradiol. The M+ peak and prominent ions in the mass spectra of the selected steroids were studied by product/precursor ion scanning at various collision energies. A fragmentation pathway was proposed for each of the selected steroids. The pathways include both neutral loss and ring cleavage fragmentations. Free energies of these pathways were calculated by ab initio methods using the hybrid density functional methods (B3LYP) theory with the 6‐311g** basis set.

IDENTIFICATION OF 15N ISOTOPE‐ LABELED CARBOXYL CONTAINING METABOLITES PRESENT IN HUMAN URINE BY TWO DIMENSIONAL HYDROPHILIC INTERACTION CHROMATOGRAPHY (HILIC) AND NMR TECHNIQUES. Emmanuel Appiah‐Amponsah*, Kwadwo Owusu‐Sarfo, Tao Ye, G.A Nagana Gowda and Daniel Raftery Purdue University, Department of Chemistry, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907 Abstract The field of metabolomics has garnered tremendous interest resulting from the relatively high sensitivity of metabolite profiles to subtle stimuli which potentially can serve as indicators of adverse biological perturbations. Notwithstanding the advancements in current analytical technology, the

POSTER ABSTRACTS 5

issue of sample matrix complexity persistently limits the quantitative detection of multiple metabolites only to a small fraction, consequently hindering the ability to draw meaningful conclusions from analytical data. The emergence of targeted metabolite profiling has sought to circumvent some of the issues resulting from sample complexity. We have recently demonstrated the use of a simple isotope tagging strategy, in which metabolites with carboxyl groups are chemically tagged with 15N ethanolamine followed by detection by 2D NMR. This approach showed improved detection (on the order of 100x with LOD a few micromolar), with concomitant high resolution and reproducibility. However, the use of a chemo selective tag (though beneficial) presents an additional challenge of altering the chemical shift values of metabolites thus making accurate peak assignment cumbersome. This is especially the case when in crowded NMR spectra. We present an approach involving the use of hydrophilic interaction chromatography to facilitate the resolution of these polar “tagged” metabolites in human urine prior to detection by NMR. We discuss the analytical methods and procedure employed for the detection and identification of a number of lower concentrations urine metabolites of interest.

RESEARCHING THIN‐FILM ELECTRODE DYNAMICS THROUGH RUTHERFORD BACKSCATTERING Olajide Banks and Kenneth Brown* Department of Chemistry, Hope College, Holland MI Abstract Chemical modification of electrodes is key in developing electrochemical sensors that can detect various substances in our environment, such as hydrazine, which the EPA has classified as a compound that causes liver and kidney problems. As the need for these sensors increases, new techniques and compounds will be used in the chemical modification of electrodes. A ruthenium complex, [(bpy) Ru(5‐phenNH2)(PF6)2.2H2O], is attached to the surface of a glassy carbon electrode using electropolymerization. This film is being used as an electrocatalyst in developing sensors for detecting hydrazine. The characterization of this multilayered film is accomplished with cyclic voltammetry and Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry. The goal was to successfully electropolymerize the ruthenium complex onto the surface of glassy carbon electrodes for hydrazine detection, and to determine the concentration of ruthenium on the film as well as the film thickness.

POSTER ABSTRACTS 7

SOLID TISSUE PHANTOMS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF INSTRUMENTATION FOR NONINVASIVE RAMAN TOMOGRAPHIC INVESTIGATION OF BONE GRAFT OSSEOINTEGRATION IN ANIMAL MODELS Paul I. Okagbare*, Francis W. L. Esmonde‐White, Kathryn A. Dooley and Michael D. Morris Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109 Abstract The use of bone allografts for reconstruction following tumor resection is a common practice in orthopaedic surgery. Allografts are also used in repair of total disunions. Allograft implantation procedures have failure rates approaching 25% and complications that may require additional surgical intervention or even amputation. Failures are related to the limited incorporation and remodeling of the grafts, in turn leading to biomechanical failure and collapse. There are few noninvasive methods to assess the progress of graft incorporation. Computed tomography and MRI are slow and expensive, and in the case of the former, require exposure to ionizing radiation. DXA and ultrasound are alternatives, but provide limited information. All of these techniques provide information on the morphologic and geometric properties of the graft or graft/host interface and no information about other aspects of bone quality, most especially the metabolic status of the graft, i.e. the composition of the regenerated tissue, which is critical to the fate of the graft and its successful incorporation. There is a need for methodology to evaluate the compositon‐related status of bone allografts. Diffuse Raman tomography may be a suitable method for in‐vivo assessment of composition and the progress of allograft implantation. It is known that Raman signatures for bone mineral and matrix change with tissue development, biomechanical status and pathology, and can be monitored non‐ invasively in vivo. Geometrically accurate gelatin‐based solid tissue phantom representing the hind limb of Sprague‐Dawley rat (rat tibia) were constructed and used with a customized fiber‐optic probes holder for evaluation of Raman tomography instrumentation for monitoring allograft osseointegration in a rat‐model. The phantom incorporates materials that model bone mineral Raman scatter (hydroxyapatite, bone matrix and connective tissue Raman scatter (gelatin), light scattering (IntraLipid), light absorption (food coloring) and fluorescence (food coloring and hydroxyapatite). The molds for the multi‐layer phantom were designed from micro‐CT images of a Sprage‐Dawley rat. Rapid prototyping equipment was used to design the forms from which silicone molds were cast. To evaluate fiber optic probes, we have designed a prototype with 50 illumination and 50 collection fibers. The fibers can be positioned at points around the phantom. Raman spectra are collected with a commercial Raman system (Rxn‐1, Kaiser Optical Systems, Inc.) that incorporates a 400 mW 830 nm diode laser and a back‐illuminated deep‐depletion CCD. With this system we have collected Raman spectra that contain Raman signatures similar to those of bone mineral and matrix. The system is used to study the effects of excitation and collection fiber placement and to provide inputs for both probe development and software development for the target application – diffuse Raman tomography of allograft osseointegration.

POSTER ABSTRACTS 8

A COMPARATIVE IN VITRO STUDY OF THE DEHALOGENATION PRODUCTS OF BROMINATED‐ AND IODATED‐DNA UPON UVA EXPOSURE USING MASS SPECTROMETRY AND HPLC Renee T. Williams and Yinsheng Wang* University of California, Riverside, Chemistry Department, Riverside, CA 92521‐0403 Abstract Nucleosides 5‐bromo‐2’‐deoxyuridine (BrdU) and 5‐iodo‐2’‐deoxyuridine (IdU), after being incorporated into cellular DNA, are well known to sensitize cells to UV irradiation. We report here for the first time that the dehalogenation of BrdU and IdU to 2’‐deoxyuridine (dU) upon UVA exposure was not strand‐type‐dependent. Quantitative HPLC data showed that both single‐ and double‐ stranded ODNs yielded comparable amounts of dU. IdU, however, was found to generate 50% more dU than BrdU, which may be attributed to the fact that IdU absorbs better than BrdU in UVA range. In addition, there was no significant difference in dU formation between the low (30 min, 400 mJ) and high (60 min, 800 mJ) doses. Perhaps the low dose exceeds the energy‐dependent thresholds that exist. Therefore, future work will require shorter time intervals. We found that UVA irradiation also yielded the d(G[8‐5]U) intrastrand cross‐link, where the C8 of guanine is covalently bonded to the C5 of the uracil. LC‐MS/MS data revealed that cross‐link formation is dose‐ and strand‐type‐dependent. For both BrdU and IdU, the tandem lesion occurred at a much higher frequency in double‐stranded ODNs with a significant increase in lesion formation at 60 minutes. At the low dose, both thymine‐analogs generate similar quantities of the cross‐link for the single‐stranded samples, but for double‐stranded, IdU was approximately 70% more effective. Again, this may be due to better absorption of UVA light by IdU. Conversely, at the longer time point, the double‐stranded brominated‐ODN was nearly 40% more effective than IdU. Furthermore, the double‐stranded IdU at both doses produced equivalent amounts of d(G[8‐5]U), which implies that the IdU was most likely consumed before the 30 minute mark. Together, these findings are consistent with those from mechanistic studies, which suggest that cross‐links are formed via electron transfer, whereas dU results from homolytic cleavage of the C‐X bond and subsequent hydrogen abstraction. WETTING STUDIES FOR ALKYL BONDED PHASES USING CONFOCAL MICROSCOPY Reygan M. Freeney*1, Mark A. Lowry2, and M.Lei Geng1 1University of Iowa, Department of Chemistry and the Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute, Iowa City, IA 52242 2Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803 Abstract In reverse phase chromatographic separations, the wetting of the stationary phase influences the chemical separation. The wetting process is dependent upon the solvent composition and under highly aqueous conditions (>90%) abnormal chromatographic behavior is observed. Typically, the mobile phase consists of water (or an aqueous buffer) with an organic solvent such as methanol or acetonitrile. In this study, the interfacial properties of alkyl bonded nanoporous silica are investigated during the wetting process. The nanoscopic environment is examined using confocal microscopy allowing direct observation of the wetting process to be seen. The ratios of the aqueous and organic content of the mobile phase are adjusted. Depending upon the ratios, the rate and degree of wetting of 62

POSTER ABSTRACTS 9

modified nanoporous silica varies. It was found that with a mobile phase consisting of a high acetonitrile content, the wetting of the alkyl bonded stationary phase occurs quickly. Whereas, a highly aqueous mobile phase took much more time to wet the hydrophobic nanopores. Non‐patterned wetting is observed, and the rates and the direction of wetting varied significantly from particle‐to‐ particle indicating great inhomogeniety for the same type of modified particle. The significant nanoheterogeniety of the pore wetting observed in the surface‐modified silica appears to affect the properties exhibited by such particles. ULTRAFAST AND SENSITIVE BIOASSAYS USING METAL‐ENHANCED LUMINESCENCE, MICROWAVES AND ELECTRICALLY SMALL SPLIT RING RESONATOR ANTENNAS Sarah Addae1, Melissa Pinard1, Humeyra Caglayan2, Deniz Caliskan2, Ekmel Ozbay, Ph.D.2 and Kadir Aslan, Ph.D.*, 1 1 Morgan State University, Department of Chemistry, Baltimore, MD, 21251, USA. 2 Bilkent University, Nanotechnology Research Center, Ankara, 06680, TURKEY. Abstract Currently two major limitations are encountered in bioassays used for luminescence‐based drug discovery and high throughput screening: rapidity of the bioassay and detection sensitivity. Rapidity is limited by the chemical kinetics involved during the binding of proteins. Sensitivity is affected by the quantum yield of fluorophores and the optical limitations of the detection system. We report an ultrafast bioassay preparation method that overcomes the above mentioned limitations using a combination of various technologies; metal‐enhanced luminescence, microwaves and electrically small resonant antennas composed of split ring resonators (SRR). The SRR antenna is a square frame of gold thin film (1 mm wide) with overall length of ~9.4 mm on each side, which was deposited onto a silicon chip (2x2 cm2). A single micro‐cuvette (6 ul volume capacity) is etched into one side of the square frame gold thin film. Theoretical energy flow calculations show that electric fields are focused in and above the micro‐cuvette without the accumulation of electrical charge that breaks down the gold film. Subsequently, the micro‐cuvette was coated with silver nanoparticles (~80 nm in diameter). The silver nanoparticles serve two purposes: 1) as enhancers of luminescence signals and 2) as mediator for the creation of thermal gradient between the bulk and the surface where the bioassay is constructed. Focused electric fields are able to cause rapid heating of the bulk, and the thermal gradient between the bulk and the silver nanoparticles result in the rapid assembling of the proteins on the surface of silver nanoparticles without denaturing the proteins. The proof‐of‐principle demonstration of the ultrafast bioassays was accomplished using a model biotin‐avidin bioassay. In this regard, biotinylated‐Albumin (bovine serum, b‐BSA) with bulk concentrations (1 uM to 10 pM) was tested on silver nanoparticle‐deposited SRR antenna at room temperature and with microwave heating. While the identical room temperature assays (no microwave heating) took 50 minutes to reach95% completion, the ultrafast took only 25 seconds to complete. The concentration of b‐BSA was determined by measuring the luminescence signal from the bioassay. We are currently working on increasing the number of samples that can be tested at once by designing new SRR‐antennas containing multiple micro‐cuvettes and the assembling an array of SRR‐ antennas. These results will be reported in due course. 63

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INSULIN DETECTION BASED ON TRANSITION METAL COMPLEXES Toni K. Thornton and Waldemar Gorski* The University of Texas at San Antonio, Department of chemistry, San Antonio, TX 78249 Abstract Two electrochemical systems based on transition metal complexes and salts were investigated in order to develop new detectors for hormone insulin at physiological pH. The homogeneous system was based on the oxidation of insulin by cyano‐complexes of iron(III) and ruthenium(IV). The heterogeneous system involved sparingly soluble redox salts that were immobilized on the surface of glassy carbon electrodes using a polysaccharide chitosan. The electrochemical methods that were used indicated that the selected transition metal complexes were able to mediate the electron transfer between the insulin and the electrode. The kinetics and mechanism of mediation is being investigated. The optimization of the insulin detector based on the sparingly soluble redox salts is in progress. This work was supported by NIH/NIGMS/MARC‐U*STAR GM07717.

PRINCIPAL COMPONENT DIRECTED PARTIAL LEAST SQUARES ANALYSIS FOR COMBINING NMR AND MS DATA IN METABOLOMICS: APPLICATION TO THE DETECTION OF BREAST CANCER Haiwei Gu1, Zhengzheng Pan2, Bowei Xi3, Vincent Asiago2, Brian Musselman4, and Daniel Raftery2* 1Department of Physics, 2Department of Chemistry, and 3Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 4IonSense Inc., 999 Broadway, Suite 404, Saugus, MA 01906 Abstract Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry (MS) are the two most commonly used analytical tools in metabolomics, and their complementary nature makes the combination particularly attractive. A combined analytical approach can improve the potential for providing reliable methods to detect metabolic profile alterations in biofluids or tissues caused by disease, toxicity, etc. In this presentation, 1H NMR spectroscopy and direct analysis in real time (DART)‐MS were used for the metabolomics analysis of serum samples from breast cancer patients and healthy controls. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the NMR data showed that the first principal component (PC1) scores could be used to separate cancer from normal samples. However, no such obvious clustering could be observed in the PCA score plot of DART‐MS data, even though DART‐MS can provide a rich and informative metabolic profile. Using a modified multivariate statistical approach, the DART‐MS data were then reevaluated by orthogonal signal correction (OSC) pretreated partial least squares (PLS), in which the Y matrix in the regression was set to the PC1 score values from the NMR data analysis. This approach resulted in a significant improvement of the separation between the disease samples and normals, and a metabolic profile related to breast cancer could be extracted from DART‐MS. An improved metabolic profile obtained by combining the complementary methods of MS and NMR by this approach may be useful to achieve more accurate disease detection and gain more insight regarding disease mechanisms and biology.

POSTER ABSTRACTS 13

EXTRACTION AND CONCENTRATION OF PCBs USING CONDUCTIVE POLYMERS POST‐MODIFIED WITH PCBs SELECTIVE PENTAPEPTIDES Edikan Archibong* and Nelly Mateeva Department of Chemistry, Florida A&M University, Tallahasse, FL Abstract

Polyaniline (emeraldine base) was synthesized according to a literature procedure at room temperature as well as at 0 oC. Samples of both polymer batches were treated with glutaraldehyde to create appropriate binding sides for an amino function of the PCB selective pentapeptides. The pentapeptides were synthesized using FMOC solid state synthesis method on Wang resin. After the synthesis, the peptides were hydrolyzed and immobilized on the polyaniline substrate with chemical bond to the available carbonyl groups. Polyaniline films as well as electrospun fibers were also synthesized and underwent similar pentapeptide post‐modification procedure. The reactions and the presence of the functional groups on the materials were followed by FTIR. The polymeric materials were brought in contact with solutions of PCBs and the amount of the toxin was determined before and after the exposure to the reagents by GC/MS.

METABOLITE PROFILING OF HUMAN SERUM USING HPLC AND NMR SPECTROSCOPY Kwadwo Owusu‐Sarfo*, Emmanuel Appiah‐Amponsah, Tao Ye, G. A. Nagana Gowda and Daniel Raftery Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN Abstract

Metabolomics is increasingly recognized as an important tool for its ability to resolve complex biological problems while providing useful and complementary information to genomics and proteomics to present a more complete systems biology model. Although a combination of advanced one‐dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and chemometric techniques enable comparison of metabolic features in complex biological samples, such methods are focused on relatively high concentrated metabolites which are often less specific to a particular pathological condition. Hence, there is a significant interest to enhance the metabolic pool, by increasing the resolution and sensitivity of NMR. Considering the advantages of NMR to identify new and low concentrated biomarkers in complex biological samples, recent research in our group has focused on the development of methods that involve tagging of the metabolite class with isotopes such as 15N, 13Cor 31P, which is favorable to detection by NMR.1, 2 Our results show that 15N tagging of carboxyl groups detects nearly two‐ hundred carboxyl containing metabolites in a single step with greatly improved resolution and sensitivity. In the current work, we have explored a number of approaches to identify the structures of these metabolites. Notably, a variety of columns designed to aid the separation of structurally similar hydrophilic metabolites were employed to isolate and identify new molecules by NMR. In this presentation we discuss the coupling of hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC)

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column and two‐dimensional NMR to isolate and identify low concentration 15N tagged metabolites in human serum. (1) Tao, Y.; Huaping, M.; Shanaiah, N..; Gowda, G. A. N.; Zhang, S.; Raftery, D. Anal. Chem. 2009, 81, 4882‐4888.

(2) Shanaiah, N.; Desilva M. A.; Gowda G. A. N.; Raftery, A. M.; Hainline, E.; Raftery, D. PNAS 2007, 104, 11540‐11544. TOWARDS AFM IMAGING OF DNA ORIGAMI ON SILICON IN A FLUID CELL Valerie Goss*1, Amro Mentash2, Lesli Mark1, Kyoung Nan Kim1, Koshala Sarveswaran1 and Marya Lieberman1 1The University of Notre Dame, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry Notre Dame, IN, 46556 2Ivy Tech Community College, Department of Biotechnology, South Bend, IN, 46610 Abstract We are developing ʺsmartʺ molecules based on DNA origami that will adhere to functionalized silicon. Our goal is to use these smart molecules as templates to form electronic circuitry that has smaller individual features at higher resolution than integrated circuits (IC) commonly used in the electronics industry. As a starting point, understanding the factors that control binding of DNA origami to silicon in an aqueous environment is explored by AFM imaging in a fluid cell. The silicon surfaces are treated with several different self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) to control the surface charge density and hydrophobicity. By imaging the DNA origami under buffer solution, pH effects and ionic strength effects can also be probed, and mobility of the origami can be determined. MUTATION ANALYSIS OF VACM‐1/cul5 Exons In T47D CANCER CELL LINE Angelica Willis, Steven Lewis and Maria Burnatowska‐Hledin Departments of Biology and Chemistry, Hope College, Holland MI 49423 Abstract The VACM‐1 protein is a cul‐5 gene product which functions via an E3 ligase complex and has an antiproliferative effect on many cell types. Structure‐function analysis of the VACM‐1 protein sequence identified consensus sites specific for phosphorylation by protein kinases PKA and PKC and a Nedd8 modification site. We showed previously that mutation in the PKA‐specific phosphorylation site at Serine 730 reverses the phenotype and thus negates the antiproliferative effect of the VACM‐1 gene. T his effect was associated with the appearance of larger Mr species when Western blots were probed with anti‐VACM‐1 specific antibody. Since T47D breast cancer cells express a modified form of the VACM‐1 protein, we hypothesized that this modified form results from mutations at one of the sites described above. To sequence all exons identified in the genome of VACM‐1, we designed 18 sets of primers. We used genomic DNA and mRNA isolation methods and amplified both genomic DNA and mRNA through PCR and RT‐PCR, respectively. Since Serine 730 is located in the 19th exon of the 66

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VACM‐1 genome and was our region of interest, or “hot spot,” we began by sequencing exon 19. Our results suggested that no mutation exists in exon 19 of the VACM‐1 genome. Our next goal is to amplify the other 18 exons of VACM‐1 and examine their sequences for mutations. Our ultimate goal is to identify a mutation in VACM‐1 that could be used as a biomarker in cancer characterization and development of new antiproliferative treatments. SYNTHESIS OF GLYCOSYLATED GRANULATIMIDE ANALOGS MEDIATED BY A “CLICK” REACTION FOLLOWED BY DIRECT ARYLATION Crystal L. O’Neil*, Jie Shen, Peng George Wang The Ohio State University, Departments of Biochemistry and Chemistry, Columbus, OH 43210 Abstract Rebeccamycin (Reb), a β‐glucosylated indolocarbazole, is an effective anti‐tumor agent which exerts its effects via the formation of a ternary structure with DNA and topoisomerase. Its aglycone moiety intercalates into the base pairs of DNA, while the glycan moiety reinforces the stability of the Reb‐DNA‐Topo ternary structure. Granulatimide (Gra), which has no sugar moiety, is a kinase (chk1) inhibitor. We have designed novel monosaccharide analogs of Gra, which should be promising candidates for anti‐cancer activity, due to their structural similarity to the natural antibiotics Reb and Gra. It would be especially interesting to explore the biological target profile of these new analogs, since Reb is the inhibitor of topoisomerase and Gra is the inhibitor of kinase chk1. Besides the structural novelty, the chief merit of this design is the convenience of the synthesis via application of click chemistry in combination with direct arylation of the resulting triazole‐intermediate. DO MYELOID PROGENITOR CELLS CONTRIBUTE TO SKELETAL MUSCLE THROUGH SATELLITE CELL DEPENDENT OR INDEPENDENT PATHWAY? Denis O. Madende1, Jeremy Traas2, Ted Hofmann2, Archana Bora2, and Tim Brazelton2 1Cheyney University of Pennsylvania, 1837 University Circle, Cheyney, PA 19319 2Children’s Hospital of Pennsylvania,34th Street Civic center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104 Abstract Bone marrow (BM) contains hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) that maintain hematopoiesis throughout adult life. HSCs generate progenitor cells including Myeloid Progenitor Cells (MPCs) and Lymphoid Progenitor Cells that subsequently differentiate into mature blood cell types. Recent research in animals and humans indicates that adult BM‐derived HSCs can contribute to non‐ hematopoietic cells of different tissues such as epithelial cells of the gastrointestinal tract, liver hepatocytes, neuronal cells in the brain, and heart‐ and skeletal‐muscle myocytes. Thus, it appears that BM contains stem and progenitor cells with a differentiation capability that exceeds hematopoiesis, a process also referred to as plasticity. These findings create novel strategies in regenerative medicine that can be used in treatment of such diseases as muscle dystrophy. Studies have suggested that regeneration of non‐hematopoietic cell lineages can occur through heterotypic cell fusion with hematopoietic cells of the myeloid lineage, i.e. the MPCs. Skeletal muscle 67

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is maintained and repaired by the proliferation of satellite cells, the stem cells of skeletal muscle. Here we test the hypothesis that the contribution of MPCs to skeletal muscle progresses through a satellite cell‐like state using a double transgenic mouse line in which a gene associated with satellite cells, myf5, drives the expression of a LacZ reporter gene and a in which the green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter gene is constitutively expressed. Specifically, 10,000 MPCs or 1,000 satellite cells from an 8‐12 week old GFP(+)/Myf5LacZ(+) donor mouse were isolated by FACS and injected into the irradiated and Notexin‐injured tibialis anterior muscle of an 8‐12 week old, Rag1‐/‐ recipient mouse. The recipientʹs leg was irradiated to minimize the regenerative response of recipientʹs endogenous satellite cells. Injection of Notexin, a myotoxin, destroys a patch of skeletal muscle and creates a strong need for muscle regeneration. After 4 weeks, the muscles were harvested, fixed, sectioned, mounted on slides, (some slides stained using primary and secondary antibodies), and then analyzed by confocal microscopy for the presence of GFP‐ expressing myofibers. Some slides were stained using LacZ/ X‐gal staining to determine (by use of bright field microscope) the presence of Myf5LacZ(+) satellite cells. The presence of numerous GFP‐ expressing myofibers demonstrated that both satellite cells and MPCʹs contributed to damaged skeletal muscle in vivo. However, while thousands of Myf5LacZ(+) cells were observed in skeletal muscle that received satellite cells, no Myf5LacZ(+) satellite cells present in skeletal muscles that received MPCs, indicating that MPCs contribute to skeletal muscle by a satellite cell independent pathway.

RATIONAL VS. RANDOM MUTAGENIC APPROACHES IN ENGINEERING THE HUMAN VITAMIN D RECEPTOR Hilda Castillo*, Donald F. Doyle, Bahareh Azizi Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Atlanta, GA 30332 Abstract Nuclear receptors (NRs) are ligand‐activated transcription factors that regulate the expression of genes involved in biologically important processes. The diversity of ligand binding pockets among NRs suggests the possibility of engineering these proteins to bind arbitrary small molecules, creating molecular switches, for applications in gene therapy. The human vitamin D receptor (hVDR) was engineered using two approaches. In the first approach, structural analysis and in silico modeling allowed the rational design of two libraries using randomized synthetic oligonucleotides with degenerate codons. The second approach involved random mutatagenesis, using error‐prone PCR to create a library of variants. All of the hVDR variants were analyzed using chemical complementation. These libraries allowed us to gain a better understanding of ligand binding, as well as mutational toleration in the binding pocket of the vitamin D receptor.

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PROBING STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOR OF THE N‐TERMINAL DOMAINS OF THE HUMAN WILSON PROTEIN Joshua M. Muia*, David L. Huffman Western Michigan University, Department of Chemistry, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 Abstract The human Wilson protein (ATP7B) is a copper transporting ATPase that is involved in copper homeostasis, and unlike in the other known P‐type ATPases, it possesses an additional six homologous metal binding domains (WLN1‐6) at the N‐terminal end each capable of binding one Cu(I) ion. Several mutations in the gene coding for this protein leads to Wilson Disease (WD), a hepatological disorder characterized mainly by impaired excretion of copper in bile, and accumulation of the copper metal in the liver, brain, kidney, and cornea. To understand the structural behavior of these multidomains, the WLN1‐6 protein was expressed as a thioredoxin fusion, purified by HIS‐tag Nickel chelating matrix and gel filtration chromatography. The thioredoxin was cleaved off the multidomains entity with TEV (Tobaccho Etch Virus) protease. The protein was characterized by high resolution gel filtration chromatography, Circular Dichroism (CD) spectroscopy and 2D SDS‐Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The initial CD studies predict that the WLN1‐6 protein is highly helical in structure, and it gradually unfolds under increasing ionic strength of guanidine hydrochloride. The protein abnormally migrates faster compared to protein of similar mass through superdex 200 matrix columns indicating that the six domains might not be tightly packed together but spread out. In conclusion, further work need to be done to determine the individual domain’s structural contribution and the protein’s hydrodynamic radius to assess its movement in a solvated matrix. CANINE MESENCHYMAL STROMAL CELLS CAN DIFFERENTIATE INTO MULTIPLE CELL TYPES AND EXPRESS COMMON MSC SURFACE MARKERS Paul Gwengi1, Ted Hofmman, PhD*2 1Cheyney University of Pennsylvania 1837 University Circle, Cheyney, PA 19319 2Department of Surgery, Center for Fetal Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA Abstract Little research has been done on canine MSCs (cMSC) in contrast to the extensive research that has been done with mouse and human MSCs. There are a number of canine models for human diseases and the study of cMSCs can contribute to our understanding of how well MSCs work as cell therapy to treat these diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the multipotent differentiation capacity of cMSCs and to test for the specific cell surface markers that are common on mouse and human MSCs. The multipotency of the cMSCs was demonstrated by differentiating the cMSCs into adipogenic, chondrogenic and osteogenic cells. Lineage specific differentiation was confirmed by staining cells with Oil Red O, Alcian Blue and Alizarin Red S respectively. Cell surface markers used to characterize MSCs were analyzed using flow cytometry. This analysis served not only to characterize the expression of marker molecules but as a test of the cross‐reactivity of some human‐ and mouse‐specific antibodies to the canine cells. Canine MSC reacted positively to the anti‐dog CD90 and anti‐human

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CD105, both markers of MSCs, but were negative for the hematopoietic markers tested with anti‐dog CD4, CD8, CD34, CD45 and anti‐human CD18. There was no cross‐reactivity with either anti‐mouse CD73 or CD105 antibodies. The results indicated that canine MSCs are capable of differentiating into adipocytes, chondrocytes, and osteoblasts. cMSCs do not express markers characteristic of hematopoietic cells but do express the well known MSC markers that have been previously established in mouse and human MSCs. SYNTHESIS OF NITRIC OXIDE DONORS FOR TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY AND TREATMENT OF GLIOBLASTOMA MULTIFORME Shahana Safdar*, Lakeshia J. Taite, Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Atlanta, GA 30332 Abstract Brain tumors originating from glial cells, the supporting cells in the brain, are categorized as gliomas. Actrocytomas, which are gliomas developed in astrocytes account for 80‐85% of all gliomas. The World Health Organization has classified actrocytomas, according to histopathology, into four grades. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), Grade IV astrocytoma is the most malignant and deadly glioma, with a 5 year survival rate of less than 10%. The ability of GBM cells to rapidly disperse and invade healthy brain tissue coupled with their high resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy have resulted in extremely poor prognosis among patients. Nitric oxide (NO) is a small, easily diffusible molecule which, at sufficient concentrations, has shown to induce apoptosis as well as increase radiosensitization in tumor cells. The aim of this work is the development of controlled release nitric oxide donors for the treatment of GBM. In order to effectively target tumor cells as well as cross the blood brain barriers short peptides sequences and small proteins that were able to specifically bind to tumor cells were used as the basis for this drug delivery system. Two such biomolecules, chlorotoxin and VTWTPQAWFQWV (VTW), were identified from a literature survey. They were reacted with NO gas for 24 hours after which NO release from the biomolecules was measured at 37oC using a free radical detector equipped with a nitric oxide microsensor. It found at physiological pH of 7.4 both the biomolecules were able to release NO for over 6 days. When the pH was reduced to 5.5, similar to the local tumor microenvironment, the peptides have a sharp burst release of NO in the first 10 seconds after which there is a gradual release of NO for 4 days. In order to validate the targeting ability of the biomolecules after the reaction with NO, the biomolecules were first conjugated with FITC and then reacted with NO. This FITC labeled NO donor was then incubated with glioma and fibroblast cells. Using fluorescent microscopy, it was confirmed that even after the reaction with NO both chlorotoxin and VTW were able to target the glioma cells, binding to them but showing only minimal binding to the fibroblast cells.

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SYNTHYESIS OF FLUOROGENIC CYANINE DYES Stanley Oyaghire*, Dr. Angela Winstead1, Dr. Bruce Armitage2 1Morgan State University, Department of Chemistry, Baltimore MD 21251 2Carnegie Mellon University, Department of Chemistry, Pittsburgh PA 73110 Abstract Cyanine dyes have become widely used in the fields of Biology and Biotechnology, where they are applied in areas such as flow cytometry and cell microscopy. Non‐symmetrical cyanines are widely used as stains for nucleic acids because of their fluorogenicity. Such applications derive from the ability of these dyes to show significantly improved fluorescence in conformationally restricted environments such as DNA intercalation sites. Constantin et. al synthesized Dimethyl Indole Red(DIR), an example of a non‐symmetric dye that suppresses non‐specific binding to nucleic acids and proteins. While these dyes introduce specificity, they permit only imaging of ‘fixed’ cells as their substituents cause electrostatic repulsion against the phosphate backbone of the cell membrane. Also, synthesis of these dyes using conventional techniques is known to yield a mixture of both the symmetric and non‐symmetric products. Herein, we attempt to obtain a derivative of DIR based on our success at obtaining high quality product in the synthesis of the heptamethine dyes. Synthetic steps involved the quaternization of both heterocycles, followed by synthesis of the hemicyanine, and finally, the condensation of the hemicyanine with the complimentary quaternized heterocycle to obtain the target dye. A mixture of both the symmetric and non‐symmetric dyes was obtained by conventional organic synthesis. However, preliminary results based on synthesis of other non‐symmetric dyes using MAOS, show a preference for the non‐symmetric products. Such methods would be employed in synthesizing the target dye. We also intend to increase the conjugation of the fluorogenic dye, extending its emission spectrum to the near infra‐red (NIR) region. Such modification would suppress background interference from fluorescent proteins within the cell. The quaternization of the intermediate heterocycles, which posed a considerable challenge with conventional methods, would also be explored with MAOS. This study was supported, in part, by a grant from NSF awarded to Dr. Bruce Armitage, Department of Chemistry, Carngie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213

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THE EFFECTS OF GROUND CLOVES ON OXIDATIVE STRESS, DYSLIPIDEMIA, AND ABERRANT CRYPT FOCI IN AZOXYMETHANE INDUCED COLORECTAL CANCER IN MALE WISTAR RATS Tamina L Johnson*, Dr. Ngozi Ugochukwu Florida A&M University, Tallahasse, FL Abstract Colorectal Cancer is a malignant neoplasm characterized by an accumulation of inflammatory cytokines, inhibition of apoptotic pathways, and increased levels of oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is a precursor of colorectal cancer. Oxidative stress occurs when the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) overwhelms an organisms antioxidant defenses. Phytochemicals, such as eugenol, have been linked to the prevention of cancerous diseases. Eugenol, a major phytochemical in cloves, has been found to possess antioxidant properties. This study was set to investigate the chemopreventive role of cloves in modulating oxidative stress in azoxymethane‐induced colorectal cancer in male Wistar rats. Twenty‐four 3‐month old male Wistar rats were used for this study. The animals were divided into 2 groups: 12 animals in the control group, 12 animals in the cloves group. Each group contains two subgroups of 6 animals each: a group that received a placebo subcutaneous saline injection (15 mg/kg body weight) and a group that received a subcutaneous injection of azoxymethane (15 mg/kg body weight). Cloves were found to reduce cholesterol and significantly increased superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase activity. It also significantly decreased, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels as well as aberrant crypt foci (ACF). This study provided evidence that Cloves could be a potential non‐invasive, preventive treatment for colorectal cancer via the reduction of reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress known to be the underlying physiological dysfunction associated with colorectal cancer. DETERMINING THE DNA BINDING ACTIVITY OF NEURAL ZINC FINGER FACTOR 1e BY FLUORESCENCE ANISOTROPY Tiffany Strickland*, Dr. Holly Cymet Department of Chemistry, Morgan State University, Baltimore MD 21251 Abstract The zinc finger family is a family of protein motifs that bind to zinc in order to stabilize their structure. Neural zinc finger factor 1 (NZF‐1) has six zinc binding domains and binds specifically to the β‐retinoic acid response element (β‐RARE) DNA sequence. NZF‐1e is a single domain fragment that is a part of NZF‐1. The purpose of this research is to determine the DNA binding activity of the single domain fragment NZF‐1e using the fluorescence anisotropy technique. Plasmid containing the NZF‐1e gene was transformed into BL21 (DE3) or BL21 (DE3) plysS competent bacteria. A bacterial colony was then transferred onto LB‐Ampicillin + 100μM zinc chloride media. Protein synthesis was induced with 1 mM IPTG. The bacterial cells were lysed, and then the bacterial supernatant was purified by cation exchange chromatography using SP Sepharose as the matrix. The NZF‐1e peptide was further purified

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using reverse phase high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), dried down and stored in an anaerobic chamber. The purified NZF‐1e peptide was tested using a UV/Vis Spectrometer to determine the concentration of protein and quantify the amount of functional protein present. NZF‐1e was titrated into an oligonucleotide solution that contained the β‐RARE sequence and the anisotropy was measured. A dissociation constant in the low micromolar range was determined demonstrating that there was weak binding of NZF‐1e to β‐RARE DNA. Additional fluorescence anisotropy studies were performed using a random DNA sequence that did not contain the β‐RARE binding site and no binding was observed. Thus, NZF‐1e binds weakly to β‐RARE DNA, but the observed binding is still sequence specific. These experiments showed that fluorescence anisotropy can be used to quantitate and compare DNA binding of individual zinc fingers within NZF‐1. (Supported by HBCU‐UP ‐ NSF HRD 0506066 and NIH/MARC U*STAR 2T34GM007977‐23A2) LENTIVIRAL GENE DELIVERY TO FETAL MOUSE RESULT IN BROAD TRANSDUCTION OF TISSUES Tolani Adebanjo*, David Stitelman MD , Philip Zoltick MD, Alan W Flake MD, Tim Brazelton MD PhD 1Cheyney University of Pennsylvania 1837 University Circle, Cheyney, PA 19319 2Department of Surgery, Center for Fetal Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA Abstract Gene therapy allows new gene to be introduced into the cell of an organism and holds great promise to treat genetically based diseases. One major challenge of gene therapy is efficient delivery of genes to target tissues. Compared to an adult, fetal development is characterized by many migrating and proliferating cell population, reduced barriers between organ compartments in smaller organism size. Thus, we hypothesized that more efficient gene transfer will occur during fetal development. An HIV based lentiviral construct in which GFP expression was driven by the constitutively‐ active CMV promoter was packaged into vesicular stomatitis virus envelope and injected intra vascularly into a fetal mice at embryonic day fourteen. In mice sacrificed after birth, strong GFP expression was observed in a broad range of tissues including the skeletal muscle, heart, kidney, liver, spleen and the brain, within each organ, twenty to eighty percent of organs express GFP, with the exception of some brain regions where the GFP expression was five to twenty percent. Such a broad and efficient transduction exceeds that observed in mice transduced after birth. In conclusion our data indicates that gene therapy during the fetal period may be clinically advantageous way to treat a variety of genetic diseases.

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ANTIOXIDANT EFFECTS OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS IN PEANUT SKINS Lisa O Dean1, Wanida E. Lewis*1, Leon C Boyd2 1North Carolina State University, USDA‐ARS Market Quality and Handling Research Unit, Raleigh, NC 2North Carolina State University, Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Science, Raleigh, NC 27695 Abstract Peanut skins have been regarded as a waste by‐product of peanuts; however, skins have been shown to contain a high phenolic load making them a possible source of antioxidants. The purpose of this study is to determine the antioxidant effects of peanut skins. Peanut skins were ground to a fine‐ like powder using a Wiley Mill. Peanut skins were extracted with three different solvents: acetone‐ water (AW), ethanol‐water (EW) and methanol‐water (MW) to achieve an optimized amount of phenolic compounds. Antioxidant capacity was measured using the oxygen radical absorbance capacity assay (ORAC), total phenolics and DPPH (1, 1‐Diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl) analyses. AW extract yielded the highest ORAC and total phenolics value compared to EW and MW extracts. Research has shown that there is a correlation between inflammation and oxidative stress and that increased consumption of antioxidant containing compounds will reduce oxidative stress. Therefore, future studies will include the composition of antioxidants in peanut skin extracts will be determined as well as screening for anti‐inflammatory effects in cell based assays. CHARACTERIZATION OF THE N‐TERMINAL WILSON DISEASE PROTEIN DOMAIN 4 Wilson Okumu* and David. L. Huffman (david.huffman@wmich.edu); Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, 49008 Abstract Wilson disease is an autosomal recessive disorder of copper metabolism in the liver, brain and kidney cells. The disease is caused by mutation in Wilson disease protein (ATP7B). The mutation affects copper balance in the cells resulting in copper overload in tissues. The buildup of copper ions in the cornea of the eye is manifested in Kayser‐Fleischer rings. ATP7B is a copper transporting P‐type ATPase found in the copper secretory pathway. The P‐type ATPases are membrane proteins involved in the uphill transport of cations coupled to energy of hydrolysis of the ATP. The ATP7B possesses six cytosolic metal binding domains in the N‐terminus. These domains are involved in the acquisition of copper (I) from the metallochaperone HAH1. Of particular interest in these domains are size, shape and domain‐domain interactions in the transfer of copper from the HAH1. Studies have been conducted in the fourth domain (WLN4) and other domains expressed together with WLN4 of the ATP7B. Important results of these studies will be presented

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HIGH RESOLUTION MELTING ANALYSIS OF MISCANTHUS X SINENSIS ORNAMENTAL VARIETIES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A HIGH‐DENSITY GENETIC MAP Adebosola Oladeinde* and Stephen Long Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana‐Champagne Abstract Miscanthus is an ornamental plant species that originated from Asia. Most available information about Miscanthus accessions has been collected by horticulturists for its use as an ornamental plant. Miscanthus x giganteus is an exceptionally high yielding biomass crop but its origins and parental lineage is unknown. Morphological classification of relatives provides ambiguous information on potential parents and the genetic origins of its almost uniquely high productivity. My research aims to use novel high‐throughput DNA screening methods to provide a more robust classification of the extant Miscanthus lines in the USA and their evolutionary relationship to M. x giganteus. This is being achieved via High Resolution Melt (HRM) technology which uses genetic markers that I have generated for a high‐density genetic map of Miscanthus. HRM creates melting curves that are dependent on the composition of the genomic sequence. The more of the DNA bases G:C the higher the melting curve, allowing rapid identification of variation in markers between accessions. Based on the difference in melting curve peaks for specific regions, variation within the genome are determined without the need for costly whole genome sequencing. This ability to map genetic traits will allow the development of a phylogenetic tree of Miscanthus that shows the familiar relationship within the species. I am also growing each accession, replicated in a common garden, so that I can obtain a functional association between the genotype and phenotypes, in particular productivity. MECHANISM AND INHIBITION OF PROTEIN ARGININE METHYLTRANSFERASE 1 Obiamaka Obianyo*, Corey P. Causey, Tanesha C. Osborne and Paul R. Thompson Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29209 Abstract Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) are SAM‐dependent enzymes that catalyze the mono‐ and di‐methylation of peptidyl arginine residues. Although all PRMTs produce mono‐methyl arginine (MMA), type 1 PRMTs go on to form asymmetrically dimethylated arginine (ADMA), while type 2 enzymes form symmetrically dimethylated arginine (SDMA). PRMT1 is the major type 1 PRMT in vivo, thus it is the primary producer of the competitive NOS inhibitor, ADMA. Hence, potent inhibitors, which are highly selective for this particular isozyme, could serve as therapeutics for heart disease. However, the design of such inhibitors is impeded by a lack of information regarding this enzyme’s kinetic and catalytic mechanisms. We have reported analyses of the substrate specificity and kinetic mechanism of human PRMT1 using both an unmethylated and a mono‐methylated substrate peptide based on the N‐terminus of histone H4. Our studies have previously shown that PRMT1 preferentially methylates substrate peptides with positively‐charged residues distal to the methylation site. Recently, we have determined that the enzyme utilizes a rapid equilibrium random methylation mechanism with dead‐end EBQ complexes. These results have initiated the design, synthesis and analysis of various inhibitors targeting the enzyme. 75

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A NOVEL ELASTIN MIMETIC PEPTIDE FOR TISSUE ENGINEERED VASCULAR GRAFTS Dhaval Patel*, Lakeshia J. Taite Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Atlanta, GA 30332 Abstract The goal of this work is to incorporate an elastin mimetic peptide into a PEG‐DA hydrogel in an effort to fabricate a tissue‐engineered vascular graft (TEVG). The graft will be capable of creating a microenvironment to sustain ECM growth and development leading to better compliance once implanted in vivo. A 23 amino acid, AAKAAKVGVAPGRGDSAAKAAKK, and a 19 amino acid, AAKAAKVGVAPGAAKAAKK, sequence peptides were designed to mimic elastin that would be capable of generating functional elastin fibers once incorporated into the TEVG. By isolating key functional groups of elastin, these peptides were engineered to contain crosslinking, cell adhesion, proliferation, and migration motifs. Furthermore, RGDS was introduced in the 23 amino acid sequence to enhance cell adhesion and assist with improving elastin production. The peptides were characterized in vitro in order to assess the deposition of elastin and desmosine, crosslinking domain unique to elastin. Human aortic smooth muscle cells (SMCs) were incubated with either peptides at varying concentrations and the amount of elastin and desmosine deposited was determined after 48 hours. A Fastin assay was used to measure elastin production whereas a competitive enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to quantify desmosine production. The 23 amino acid sequence showed an increasing trend in elastin as well as desmosine deposition. Cell adhesion studies in vitro were also conducted by conjugating the peptides with bovine serum albumin (BSA) to yield either BSA‐23 or BSA‐19. After 48 hours, a higher SMC adhesion was observed on surfaces coated with BSA‐23. With improved cell adhesion as well as elastin and desmosine production in vitro, the 23 amino acid sequence is showing capabilities of generating a microenvironment suitable for vascular growth in a TEVG.

THE FABRICATION OF ZINC OXIDE NANOWIRES AND ITS SOLAR CELL APPLICATIONS Mallarie D. McCune*, Yulin Deng† Georgia Institute of Technology, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Atlanta, GA 30332 Abstract There has been a very extensive amount of research dedicated to Zinc Oxide (ZnO). Because of its excellent and unique physical properties, ZnO has been the main element of many applications in numerous scientific fields all over the world. Specifically, ZnO nanowires have proved to be very functional for dye‐sensitized solar cell applications as a part of the world‐wide effort to create alternative energy resources. However, compared to TiO2 nanoparticles, reports of efficiencies for solar cells based on ZnO nanowires are quite small. The highest reported efficiency for dye‐sensitized solar cells based on ZnO nanowires is about 4.1%. In my research, I have proposed two main ideas that will

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potentially help to improve the overall efficiency of ZnO nanowire dye‐sensitized solar cells based on a liquid electrolyte. The first idea is based on a physical barrier via a polymer block that will prevent electron back transfer at the anode, thus eliminating short‐circuiting of the cell and increasing the cell efficiency. The other idea is based on the addition of 2,2,6,6‐tetramethyl‐1‐piperidinyloxy (TEMPO), a complex organic radical compound, to the liquid electrolyte, iodide/triiodide redox couple. It is expected that the chemical interaction between the redox couple electrolyte (I‐/I3‐) and TEMPO will significantly improve the overall power conversion efficiency of ZnO nanowire‐based dye‐sensitized solar cells; thus far, my experimental results have been favorable to this idea. Additionally, my research project extends the work done in liquid‐based dye‐sensitized solar cells to organic‐inorganic hybrid polymer solar cells based on both organic polymers/molecules and inorganic semiconducting materials. It is expected that the ZnO nanowires can be used as a template to help separate the organic phases in an interdigitated fashion, reducing the amount of “aggregated islands” that hinder charge carrier mobility; moreover, a polymer block is expected to reduce recombination. Thus, this hybrid solar cell design, incorporating this polymer block layer and the nanowires, should produce higher efficiencies than the presently reported conjugated polymer‐based solar cells. All of my research objectives are vital to the universal research efforts dedicated to resolving the global energy crisis. SUSTAINABILITY EVALUATOR: AN EXCEL BASED TOOL FOR EVALUATING PROCESS SUSTAINABILITY

Olamide O. Shadiya, and Karen A. High* Oklahoma State University, School of Chemical Engineering, Stillwater, OK 74075

Abstract

A new tool titled the “SUSTAINABILIY EVALUATOR” has been developed for evaluating processes for sustainability. Traditionally, engineers designed processes to meet economic goals; however with the awareness of sustainability, engineers are now considering other constraints such as resource usage, environmental impacts, social benefits and economics. This tool uses selected metrics that address economic concerns, environmental impact and health and safety concerns. The SUSTAINABILIY EVALUATOR is a Microsoft Excel based tool that uses mass and energy balance as inputs to evaluate the sustainability of a process. Some of the concerns that are addressed by this tool include the following: • Economic Concerns: Profit, revenue. e.t.c. • Environmental Concerns: Atmospheric acidification, global warming, environmental burdens, ozone depletion, photochemical smog etc. • Resource Usage: Water consumption, energy consumption, material intensity, E‐Factor etc. • Health and Safety Impact: Cancer risks, process risks such as risk of explosion, flammability etc. The ultimate goal in every industrial process is to maximize profits; thus a process is not sustainable if it is not economically viable. Thus, this paper introduces a methodology that involves addressing economics concerns by completing a profitability analysis, addressing environmental concerns by using a set of selected environmental metrics and addressing social concerns by completing a health and safety risk analysis. The “SUSTAINABILITY EVALUATOR” could be used to evaluate the sustainability of a process or compare process alternatives to select the most sustainable process.

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EFFECT OF HIGH TEMPERATURE TREATMENT ON AQUEOUS CORROSION OF LOW‐ CARBON STEEL BY ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY Samuel J. Gana1, Nosa O. Egiebor*2, Ramble Ankumah3 1Tuskegee University Materials Science and Engineering, Tuskegee, AL 36088 2Tuskegee University Department of Chemical Engineering, Tuskegee, AL 36088 3Tuskegee University, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Tuskegee, AL Abstract Severe corrosion is encountered in aggressive (high temperature) environments where the degradation of metallic components is of great importance to a wide range of industrial applications. The corrosion behavior of 1020C carbon steel samples that had been subjected to oxidizing heat treatment at 550°C and 675°C was studied in sodium chloride electrolytes using a 3‐electrode electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Experimental data were used to evaluate the corrosion of the samples while optical microscopy was employed to investigate the surface characteristics of the samples before and after aqueous corrosion. The results showed that while the sample treated at 550°C revealed an increasing corrosion rate with time, the sample treated at 675°C indicated a higher initial corrosion rate, but the rate declined gradually over the 4‐day experimental period. Optical microscopy revealed significant formation of surface corrosion products on both heat treated samples, but the complex plane diagrams indicated significant capacitive behavior for the heat treated samples relative to the untreated samples. DIRECT NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF TRANSPORT IN OPEN‐CELL MESOPHASE PITCH DERIVED CARBON FOAMS Shawn Austina, E. E. Kalua, C. A. Mooreb, G. D. Wessona,*, D. Stephensd a Department of Chemical Engineering, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL. 32310, b Department of Mechanical Engineering, Florida A&M Univeristy, Tallahassee, FL. 32310, d Department of Mathematics, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL. 32307, * Research & Economic Development, South Carolina State University, Orangeburg, SC 29115 Abstract Production of graphite carbon foams from mesophase pitch opened a new frontier in the field of advanced carbon materials. Because of their predominantly spherical topology and continuous pore network, carbon foams can yield high surface areas. The combination of an open cellular structure with high specific thermal conductivities up to 200 (W/mK/g/cc) makes carbon foams excellent candidates for heat transfer applications. In comparison with high thermal conductive metals, graphitic carbon foam have effective thermal conductivities almost on the same order of magnitude of the solid thermal conductivity of dense (non‐porous) aluminum with approximately 1/5 the weight of dense aluminum. Currently, heat transfer and fluid flow in porous structures is numerically investigated by volume averaging the governing equations over a representative elementary volume. The volume averaged equations, however, require supplementary empirical relations to recapture the ‘microscopic’

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information within the microporous structures. Limitations exist with empirical models and in some cases experiments are required to calibrate the empirical model. Experimental studies of the flow field at the pore level are practically impossible. Thus, in order to explore open‐celled mesophase pitch derived carbon foams for thermal energy management applications, it is convenient to develop representative computer models and then utilize direct numerical simulation for subsequent convective heat transfer simulations. Direct numerical simulation of fluid flow and heat transfer in representative carbon foam models was performed using a commercially available Computational Fluid Dynamics code (ANSYS Inc). Three unit cell models as well were used as geometric representation of carbon foam. Results of the simulation were compared to a 72% porous POCO© foam with an average pore diameter of 350 m. Results of the pressure drop as a function of the air maximum velocity show that the tetrahedral unit cell is a better approximation to mesophase pitch derived carbon foam. Maximum pore Reynolds number for the tetrahedral cell was 600 when experimental conditions were applied. FISCHER TROPSCH PLATFORM ENHANCED BY HIGH THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY CATALYSTS 1 1 1 Tunde Dokun , Don Cahela , Symon Sheng , Hongyun Yang2and *Dr. Bruce J. Tatarchuk Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 2Intramicron Inc. Industry Drive. Auburn Al. *tatarbj@auburn.edu Tel: +1‐334‐844‐2023 Abstract In using a Micro‐Fibrous Entrapped Catalyst, MFEC, we simulate and accurately model a Fischer Tropsch reactor which will meet the Navyʹs requirement of producing JP‐5 for portability, process robustness, and volume productivity from a catalyzed reaction involving Syngas (CO2 and H2). MFEC is comprised of a small grain catalyst; Alumina supported Cobalt catalyst, entrapped within a sinter‐locked network of a metal, Stainless Steel and Copper micro fiber. With the use of this metal fiber network, we are able to increase the effective thermal conductivity within the reactor by about 40%, and reduce hot spots within the reactor and increase selectivity for JP5 production. MFEC are readily manufactured and provide high intraparticle and mass transport properties. This poster will incorporate areas of applied fluid mechanics and a mathematical model of transport processes. Using an implicit finite integrating scheme, we are able to determine the reactor temperature profile by modeling a plug flow reactor which includes the energy balances on the gas phase. The catalyst temperature will be assumed to be uniform inside the catalyst particles, so all heat of reaction is generated inside the catalyst particles. This model takes into account the detailed kinetics of the FTS and water gas shift reaction. The application of applied mathematics and numerical methods in solving these sets of differential equations is the key to fully understanding the temperature profile. By effectively designing an FTS reactor that has limited heat transfer issues, an optimized balance of plant can be achieved; where the operating equipments are limited by the weight and volume criteria due to selective production and separation for JP‐5.

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DESORPTION AND SURFACE CHEMICAL REACTIONS OF AROMATIC SULFUR HETEROCYCLES FROM SILVER BASED SORBENTS Zenda D. Davis*, Sachin A. Nair, Alexander Samokhvalov and Bruce J. Tatarchuk Auburn University, Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn, AL 36849 (USA) Abstract The Ag‐TiO2‐based adsorbent has been found to selectively remove sulfur –containing heterocyclic compounds from high sulfur logistic fuels. The Ag‐TiO2 has a capacity to remove 6‐7 mg/g of sulfur aromatics from JP5 fuel in the presence of 160 fold excess of competing aromatics. Ag‐TiO2 is regenerable in air for multiple cycle operation. Desorption, adsorption and chemical reactions of sulfur containing heterocyclic compounds at the surface of the sorbent were studied to provide molecular information about the mechanism and active sites involved in desulfurization of fuel, as well as the thermal regeneration of the sorbent. Thermogravimetric analysis mass spectroscopy (TGA‐MS), temperature programmed desorption / temperature programmed reaction spectroscopy (TPD/TPRS) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were the techniques used to investigate the Ag‐TiO2 sorbent for this study. EFFECTS OF VISCOSITY ON PHASE SEPARATION OF LIQUID MIXTURES WITH A CRITICAL POINT OF MISCIBILITY Filomena Califano* Chemistry and Physics Department, St. Francis College, Brooklyn, NY, 11201 Abstract After quenching a high‐viscosity partially miscible critical liquid mixture to a temperature far below the critical point, we observed the formation of rapidly coalescing droplets, whose size grew linearly with time, indicating that phase separation process is driven by convection. As predicted by the diffuse interface model, this experimental work showed that the viscosity did not have any effect on the growth rate and the speed of the nucleating droplets. Eventually, when the droplets size reached its critical length, they started to sediment and separated by gravity. At this point, the viscosity influenced the settling speed and the total separation time.

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OZONATION OF PRODUCED WATER Johnathan k. Vann*1, Shawn k. Kuriakose1, Dr. Jorge Gabitto1, Joanna McFarlane2 and Dr. Costas Tsouris2 1Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, TX 77446 2Nuclear Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN Abstract Produced water, also known as brine or “formation water”, is generated by oil and gas industrial operations. It has a high concentration of dissolved organics and minerals, as well as small particles. “Clean” water that is pumped into oil and gas reservoirs to aid in the process of capturing natural oil/gas and other minerals is converted into produced water when it interacts with these natural systems. Because of the high organic and salt concentrations, produced water must be treated before recycling or reuse. One method used to help purify produced water is ozonation. Various types of reactors can be used for ozonation. In this study, a gas‐liquid batch reactor and a centrifugal contactor was used to treat the produced water. The gas‐liquid reactor used in this study was a single pass operation and a centrifugal contactor that has been used in nuclear separations by liquid‐liquid extraction was set up to investigate the ozonation kinetics of produced water. The centrifugal contactor provides intense mixing in a high‐shear gap between the outer wall of the contactor and a rotating rotor. In both studies, a fine dispersion of gas bubbles containing ozone interacts with the organic compounds in the produced water. Samples of this interaction were periodically collected and analyzed by a gas chromatograph, chlorine analysis and pH analysis. From the centrifugal contactor, the results can be used to determine the kinetics of the reaction in the absence of mass‐transfer limitations. In conclusion, drastic change in relative area of peaks from the GC analysis and the clarity difference in samples after ozonation, showed that there was a reduction of organic compounds in the treated produced water. The kinetic rates obtained from these experiments can be used in the design of produced water ozonation reactors.

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DETECTION OF REDUCED PHOSPHORUS OXYANIONS IN GEOTHERMAL WATER VIA ION CHROMATOGRAPHY Amanda Henry, Herbe Pech, Krishna L. Foster* California State University ‐ Los Angeles, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Los Angeles, CA 90032 Abstract It is widely assumed that reactive phosphorus appears in the environment exclusively as fully oxidized phosphate, P (V), in the forms H2PO4‐ and HPO42‐. Research on the origins of life suggests that reduced forms of phosphorus, with oxidation states +1 and +3, may also be present in reducing environments such as geothermal hot springs. Data will be presented indicating that one of these reduced compounds, phosphite P (III), is present in geothermal water samples from Hot Creek pools near Mammoth Lakes, California. Samples were analyzed using ion chromatography and mass spectroscopy. Phosphite and phosphate peak assignments were based on retention times and verified using standards. A secondary confirmation of the presence of a phosphite peak was performed via chemical oxidation of phosphite to phosphate using potassium iodate.

REACTIONS OF SINGLET OXYGEN WITH A FURAN‐CONTAINING DRUG, FUROSEMIDE: ATTEMPTS TO GENERATE A SECONDARY OZONIDE B.M. King, R.M. Uppu, and M.O. Fletcher Claville Department of Environmental Toxicology, College of Sciences, Southern University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, LA Abstract In an effort to synthesize a secondary ozonide with potential antimalarial activity from a reaction between furosemide and singlet oxygen, derivative product(s) were made that may be useful in determining the toxic metabolites that result from oxidation of furan‐containing drugs in vivo. Typical experiments utilized furosemide (a diene, 5 mM) and singlet oxygen (a dienophile) that was generated by slowly bubbling molecular oxygen through the reaction mixture that contained Rose Bengal (0.1 mM) as a photosensitizer, in quartz cuvettes. Reaction mixtures were irradiated at 254 nm using six side positioned UVC bulbs in a LZC‐EDU photoreactor (Luzchem, Ottawa, ON, Canada) at room temperature for 15, 30, and 60 min intervals. Although proton NMR analyses of reaction mixtures that were irradiated for 15 and 30 min revealed the consumption of the furosemide, the growth of product signals were not consistent with the expected secondary ozonide product as predicted by ChemNMR H‐1 estimation, a function of ChemDraw Ultra. Based on literature precedent, the desired Diels‐Alder adduct, i.e. secondary ozonide may have reacted via one, or several reaction pathways to form a conjugated diene aldehyde. The formation of such an electrophilic intermediate(s) may prove to be toxic metabolites of furan‐containing in vivo.

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Impact of Ti02 Metallized Carbon Nanotubes (Ti02‐CNT) on Regenerative Bone Growth Edidiong C. Obot*1, Renard L. Thomas1 Environmental Toxicology Program, Department of Chemistry, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX 77004 Abstract In the field of modern medicine such as drug delivery, virus detection, and molecular methods for disease diagnosis using Carbon Nanotubes (CNT’s) have recently started to emerge and hence they are expected to develop into large scale industrial production. However the use of CNT`s in various fields, especially in medical applications raises serious concerns about health and safety issues. Currently there are several areas that are looking towards nanotechnology as a new form of enhancement, specifically Regenerative Medicine. Previous studies in Regenerative Medicine of osteoblast with the use of titanium oxide carbon nanotubes have shown promising faith in nano‐biotechnology methods. Studies have proven that titanium oxide nanotubes are a key role in accelerating the healing process of bone tissue. In our study we will test the toxicity level of Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes Metalized with Titanium Oxide (Ti02) in osteoblasts. The purpose of our research is to investigate the impact of Texas Southern Universities’ (TSU) proprietary Ti02 Metalized Carbon Nanotubes (Ti02‐CNT) on the growth of osteoblast cells. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the outcome of Ti02‐CNT’s by examining the toxicity using MTT and live dead cell assays in order to test its vulnerability or resistance with the aim of determining the impact of various doses of Ti02‐CNT’s and possibly using Ti02‐CNT’s as an enhancing agent for bone healing. If Titanium Oxide Carbon Nanotubes enhance the growth of osteoblasts, then these bone cells have a likelihood of accelerating the growth of fractured bones cells leading to a rapid recovery. The use of Titanium Oxide Carbon Nanotubes plays a major role in regenerative studies due to the fact that they have greater wear resistance and fatigue. Currently regenerative studies use Titanium Oxide nanotubes for the acceleration of bone growth, however this study is interested in to assessing the use of Titanium Oxide CNT’s, a more durable form of nanotubes, to observe cell proliferations and toxicity measurements are used the possibility the cell there is an attraction between the cells and the Metalized Carbon Nanotubes then it will cause a toxic response in the cell. The research will consist of culturing a cell line of osteoblast cells, exposing the osteoblast cells to a Metalized Carbon Nanotube and Single Wall Nanotube and comparing the two, then using Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) to determine if the nanoparticles entered the cell.

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DISTRIBUTION AND CYCLNG OF MERCURY SPECIES IN THE YOCONA RIVER AND ENID RESIVIOR IN NORTHWEST MISSISSIPPI Garry Brown, Jr., James Cizdziel* Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University MS Abstract Mercury (Hg) is a global health concern due to its toxicity, potential to bioaccumulate up the aquatic food chain, and global dispersion through atmospheric pathways. A fish consumption advisory was issued for the Enid Reservoir in May 1995 and the Yocona River in September 1996 by the Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ) due to high levels of Hg in fish tissue sampled in the waters. The goal of this research is to determine the distribution and cycling of Hg species in the Yocona River and Enid Reservoir in Northwest Mississippi. In the work proposed here, we will study the distribution and cycling of Hg species in surface water in Northwest Mississippi. The origin of Hg in these water bodies is unclear but our proposed hypothesis is the sources of Hg may include atmospheric deposition, geological formations that leach Hg into the watershed, and historic land use practices. We will utilize mercury instrumentation involving a cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometer, cold vapor atomic fluorescence spectrometer, and a inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP‐MS) to quantify Hg species such as mono‐methyl‐mercury (MeHg) in the aquatic systems. Specifically, this research will determine the extent to which the Yocona River is contributing Hg and MeHg to the Enid Reservoir. Water samples will be collected from strategic locations using clean sampling techniques designed for trace levels of Hg. The impact of storm events on the distribution and levels of aquatic Hg species entering and leaving the Yocona River will be measured. We will also measure other standard water quality parameters, such as conductivity, dissolved oxygen, pH, and oxidative reductive potential (ORP), during field sampling events. This research will produce quantitative data with known quality in which the State of Mississippi could potentially use to manage and protect its aquatic resources. The project will assess water quality at a watershed and sub‐ watershed level.

FUNCTIONALIZED NANOPARTICLES FOR REMEDIATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS Jully S. Senteu* and Sherine O. Obare Department of Chemistry, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 Abstract For decades, organohalide (RX) compounds have been heavily used in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries and in agriculture as pesticides. Improper disposal of organohalides has resulted in their presence in the environment as pollutants, and they have therefore presented serious environmental and toxicological concerns. These organohalides have been associated with various health and environmental problems. Therefore. effective methods for their remediation are required. Photoreduction of the riboflavins, flavin mononucleotide (FMN) to FMNH2 is a well‐known two‐ electron two‐photon process. The resulting FMNH2 is involved in two‐electron transfer reactions to a given substrate. Given that catalysts capable of delivering two electrons are attractive toward small molecule activation and dehalogenation of chlorinated hydrocarbons, we examined the reactivity of

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FMNH2 with chlorinated ethylenes ‐ dichloroethylene (DCE), trichloroethylene (TCE) and tetrachloroethylene (PCE) in aqueous solution. However, no products were observed after 48 hours of reactivity. On the other hand, FMNH2 anchored to nanocrystalline titania or zirconia via the phosphonic acid functional groups, reacted rapidly with DCE, TCE and PCE. Origins of the enhanced reactivity and the reaction mechanisms of riboflavin functionalized titania with chlorinated ethylenes will be presented.

A KINETIC STUDY OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS Karma James* Grambling State University, Grambling, Louisiana Abstract The primary focus of our research group is the kinetics study of important chemical reactions such as combustion, pyrolysis, and the atmospheric oxidation of organic compounds.1 Two different techniques are used for these measurements, one based on predictive kinetic models and another based on kinetics experiments. Over the past several years, the group has developed a software named Reaction Mechanism Generator (RMG) used for predicting reaction rates of new chemical reactions. RMG uses its huge database library containing information about energetics, rates etc. of many elemental reactions known in the literature. The software then uses a group additivity scheme to make predictions about new reactions. Green research group over the past ten years has been developing this database, which is structured on the basis of chemical reactions of a similar nature, called reaction families. The data contained in these families are used to predict the kinetics of a given reaction or serve as models for other reactions. The data available was sourced from experimental measurements, quantum calculations, and sometimes even from other predictions. However, the source of much of the data cannot be accounted for due to the lack of proper documentation. My goal is to research and track down reliable sources for the data in the database, as well as verify these data. I have done this by reviewing published articles, abstracts, conference proceedings, theses, books, and internet sites. In most cases, we were able to identify and document the correct literature citation and verify that the numerical entries in the database were correct. However, several numerical discrepancies were identified in the database, and these are discussed.

EFFECT OF PH AND ORTHOPHOSPHATE LEVELS ON THE INITIAL CORROSION OF COPPER SURFACES IN DRINKING WATER INVESTIGATED WITH ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY Stephanie L. Daniels,1 Darren A. Lytle2* and Jayne C. Garno1 1Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 2National Risk Management Research Laboratory, WSWRD, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH 45268 Abstract Copper plumbing systems are traditionally used in residential homes due to durability and ease of installation. However, pipes that are exposed to aggressive water chemistries can corrode and 85

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leach copper into drinking water, thus causing a concern for consumer health. The Lead and Copper Rule (LCR) was implemented in an effort to reduce deleterious copper levels in drinking water. During the corrosion process, the initial formation of cuprite (Cu2O) on copper surfaces is thought to occur at the micrometer or even nanometer level. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is suitable for directly observing the early stages of the progressive development of solids that form on copper surfaces at the nanoscale. Our purpose was to investigate the initial changes in surface chemistry and morphology as the copper begins to corrode with designed changes in experimental parameters of pH, exposure time, and dosages of orthophosphates in water samples. Copper coupons were exposed to water samples with selected chemistries for 6 and 24 hours and then examined ex situ using AFM and XRD. Results sensitively reveal changes as cuprite by‐products of copper corrosion formed over time. Substantial differences were observed for different samples, that were dependent on pH and exposure time. Addition of orthophosphate was found to reduce the growth rate of corrosive deposits and mitigates the release of copper into drinking water.

CHARACTERIZATION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN THE EFFLUENT WASTE WATER TREATMENT PLANTS Zuri Dale*1, Anthony Maye2, Renard L. Thomas3, and Bobby Wilson2 1Space, Engineering & Science Internship Program., Texas Southern University, Houston, TX 2 Environmental Research Technology Transfer Center, (ERT2C), Texas Southern University, Houston, TX 77004 3Department of Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX 77004 Abstract Given the number of pharmaceuticals, steroids, and other organic compounds that make their way into wastewater, there is great concern about how well wastewater treatment plants process raw sewage into effluent that is returned to the ecosystem. The importance of ensuring that wastewater effluent is sufficiently treated is imperative to ensuring clean surface water. This study was conducted to detect and characterize organic compounds in the effluent of 69th Street waste water treatment plant. Preliminary results show three estrogen contaminants were detected in the effluent of 69th Street WTP at the ppb level. There were also other numerous unidentified compounds present in the sample. Fractions of the unknown compounds were collected and characterized using several analytical methods. Characterization of the unknown organic compounds will aide in the development of new standards to measure the cleanliness of wastewater effluent and minimize the adverse impact this water has on the environment. Future studies include exposing the fish gonad cells to the contaminants that were found and determining the effects.

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HPLC METHOD DEVELOPMENT FOR POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS (PAH) ANALYSIS Benji Macaulay1, Miheer Shah1, Ruth Montes2, Krishna L. Foster*2 1Pasadena City College, Department of Natural Sciences, Pasadena, CA 91106 2California State University – Los Angeles, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Los Angeles, CA 90032 Abstract Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are organic compounds, which are known to be carcinogenic and mutagenic. Although PAHs occur in nature, they manifest more frequently from anthropogenic sources, adsorbing to air‐particulate matter such as soot and dust that settles down into the environment. This poses a threat to sustaining proper health quality in the metropolitan areas. This study focuses on optimization of a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for analyzing PAHs in water and sediment samples collected from Ballona and Fern Dell Creeks. Separations were performed on an Accela HPLC system configured with a Hyposil Gold column (1.9 m) held at 30 C coupled with a photodiode array (PDA) detector. Peaks were assigned using referenced retention times and reproducible results were obtained. Optimal parameters were used for the quantitative analysis of 16 separate PAHs in standards, enabling the application of this technique for the analysis of environmental water and sediment samples.

TRACE METAL ANALYSIS OF PRIMARY TEETH AS AN ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATOR USING INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA MASS SPECTROMETRY Terrell Gibson1, Renard L. Thomas2, Bobby Wilson3 1Graduate Student, Environmental Toxicology Program, Texas Southern University, Houston, Texas; 2Assistant Professor of Health Science, Texas Southern University, Houston, Texas ; 3Professor of Chemistry, Texas Southern University, Houston, Texas 77004 Abstract Numerous independent studies have identified the existence of trace metals sequestered within collected teeth of adults and children. A quantification of these metals should serve as an indicator of prolonged exposure to such environmental risk factors and/or dietary habits. A comparative study of the levels of trace metals with the correlated demographics and geographies of the sample sources will provide valuable information on the urban areas that are affected by trace metals and/or cultural groups that are exposed more frequently to significant levels of trace metals. Deciduous and adult teeth were collected cataloged, analyzed using the Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer (ICP‐MS). The analyzed concentrations of each targeted trace metal found in the tooth tissue are as follows: aluminum ranged from 7.68 ug/g to 653.2, titanium ranged from 5.99 mg/g to 13.77 mg/g, chromium ranged from 18.45 ng/g to 3,619 ng/g, manganese ranged from 16.93 ng/g to 1,236 ng/g, and copper ranged from 56.65 ng/g to 312.6 ug/g. The ranges for lead (206), lead (207), and

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lead (208) were 2.74 ng/g to 17.19 ug/g, 39.53 ng/g to 16.95 ug/g, and 9.47 ng/g to 17.41 ug/g, respectively. The focus of this project is to correlate the levels of trace metals in primary teeth of urban children with the urban environmental factors of exposure routes to define environmental risk factors that contribute to children’s body burden of toxic metals. Ultimately, this work will contribute to the understanding of urban environmental risk factors and their impact on the quality of life for children living in the urban environment.

SELECTIVE AEROBIC OXIDATIONS CATALYZED BY MANGANESE (III) COMPLEXES CONTAINING REDOX ACTIVE LIGANDS Clarence Rolle, Jake Soper* Georgia Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Atlanta, GA, 30332 Abstract Selective oxidations are important tools for the functionalization of compounds in organic synthesis and chemical industry. However, over 70% of oxidations rely on stoichiometric reagents to generate products. O2 as a terminal e‐ acceptor is ideal because it is cheap and environmentally friendly, but aerobic oxidations are often prone to radical autoxidation. Recent advances in selective aerobic oxidations use palladium as a catalyst, but it would be more advantageous to use a 3d metal. We are pursuing the development of square‐planar manganese (III) complexes containing redox‐active ligands as catalysts for the selective aerobic oxidation of organic substrates. For instance, we have shown that these complexes can aerobically oxidize catechols to quinones at 0.2% catalyst loadings. In this reaction, the non‐innocent ligands impart a multi‐electron character to the metal, which facilitates reactivity. We are extending this oxidation chemistry to the oxidation of alcohols, amines, and to oxidative coupling for C‐C and N=N bond forming reactions. The mechanistic details of these reactions will be presented. ELECTROPHILIC OXIDATION USING COORDINATIVELY UNSATURATED IR III COMPLEXES Michael D. Heinekey, Katherine Schultz, and Cristina Thomas* The University of Washington Department of Chemistry, Seattle Washington, 98195 Abstract Petroleum is a major source for transportation fuel and various chemical productions such as pharmaceuticals and polymers. Unfortunately, petroleum availability is problematic, making it imperative to seen an alternative fuel source. Methane is an attractive alternative, but methane is costly and difficult to transport and prohibitively expensive to generate. Catalytic activation of methane and methanol may eliminate the issue of transportation and produce a viable source of longer chain hydrocarbons that may ultimately serve as alternative transportation fuel.

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This study extends a.) the findings of Alexander Shilov who developed a process to catalytically convert methane to methanol using platinum as a catalyst and b.) addresses the prohibitive expense and low yield associated with the generation of the target product via the identification of a novel catalyst, Iridium. Previous studies have shown fourteen electron Ir III complexes to activate dihydrogens. We now show that fourteen electron Ir III is also capable of activating cyclohexanes. The proposed work was to synthesize a ligand based on phenylimidazole and asses the amount of C‐H activation. We successfully methylated the phenylimidazole. However the deprotonation was precluded due to a high yield of nonspecifically methylated product. Therefore, we were unable to produce the target complex, but were able to characterize some impurities. SYNTHESIS OF DR1‐ICPTEOS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF 3‐DIMENSIONAL DATA STORING DEVICES Jason E. Davis*, L. Zane Miller, and Dr. Carole E. Brown Department of Chemistry, North Georgia College and State University Abstract In light of the limitations of traditional 2‐dimesional data storage devices, new materials for 3‐ dimensional data storage are being developed.1 One such material, Silica can be used, since, it is stable and inert which makes it a more robust and non‐reactive support as a storage medium.2 The silica, by itself, possesses none of the desired photorefractive abilities.3 However, optically active organic compounds can be added into the silicon dioxide network, which allows the resulting hybrid covalent network to display the desired photorefractive properties.4 The organic chromophore used in this project was 4‐[N‐ethyl‐N‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)] amino‐4‐nitroazo‐benzene (DR1).5 This dye is functionalized with (3‐isocyanatopropyl)‐triethoxysilane (ICPTEOS) to create a system (DR1‐ICPTEOS) which can be co‐condensed with TMOS in the sol‐gel process.6 The resulting hybrid silica‐based organic‐inorganic material has been proven to possess a very high electro‐optical coefficient, which allows for a stable photorefractive memory effect.7 Since, the development of a successful storage medium, using silica, is dependent on the functionalization of the organic chromophore in the inorganic matrix. This distinctive study has, therefore, developed a successful functionalization method by using the microwave accelerated reaction system (MARS) to produce higher yielding and more homogeneous (DR1‐ICPTEOS) dye mixtures. Thus, by conducting the dye synthesis via the MARS, our innovative technique opened numerous benefits for our project. These benefits include increasing the rate of the reaction, thereby reducing the overall reaction time by half, as well as eliminating the use of pyridine, which then eliminates the need for vacuum distillation. Most importantly, since we used an efficient source of heating, we recovered a more homogenous dye mixture, reduced costs and saved energy. Our project is heading into an exciting direction, and we are on the way toward producing a viable 3‐dimensional data storing device.

POSTER ABSTRACTS SYNTHESIS OF HIGH FREE VOLUME ACID FOR PROTON CONDUCTING ELECTROLYTES LaRico Treadwell and Dr. Jason Ritchie* Department of Chemistry and BioChemistry, University of Mississippi, University, Ms 38677‐1848

Abstract Proton conducting electrolytes composed of mixture of MePPG3BzSO3H acids in a polymer MePEG7 were prepared with two different concentrations of the acid. The solutions displayed anhydrous proton conductivity at 55 degrees Celsius. The acidity of the acid (MePPG3BzSO3H) was measured to be 98%. The percent of the final product was calculated to be 92%. The conductivity measured for MePPG3BzSO3H was 1.51x10‐5(s/cm) at low concentration of the acid and 1.74 x10‐ 6(s/cm) at the high concentration of the acid.

SYNTHESIS OF NEW INORGANIC CLUSTERS: TRIDECAMERIC GROUP 13 HYDROXIDES AS INKS FOR MATERIALS Maisha K. Kamunde‐Devonish1*, Zachary L. Mensinger1, Sharon A. Betterton2, Lev N. Zakharov1, Douglas A. Keszler2, and Darren W. Johnson*1 1Department of Chemistry and the Oregon Nanoscience and Microtechnologies Institute (ONAMI), University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 2Department of Chemistry and ONAMI, 153 Gilbert Hall, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR Abstract We have synthesized a series of tridecameric hydroxy/aquo clusters with the formula M13‐xInx (μ3‐OH)6(μ ‐OH)18(H2O)24(NO3)15, where M= Ga or Al, and x= 0 thru 7. These clusters were prepared by adding an organic nitrosoamine to a methanolic solution of metal nitrate salts and evaporating the solutions. Due to the difference in Lewis acidity between gallium and aluminum the clusters containing aluminum require the addition of base. Here we report the synthesis of five Ga/In clusters, including Ga13 and two Al/In clusters which have been characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. These high purity, crystalline clusters are of interest as solution precursors (inks) for metal oxide materials. This includes the use of the Ga13 and Ga7In6 nanoclusters as single‐source precursors for the preparation of amorphous thin film oxides for use in semiconductor devices.

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SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BIMETALLIC ZINTL CLUSTERS Domonique O. Downing and Bryan W. Eichhorn* University of Maryland, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College Park, MD 20742 Abstract The synthesis and characterization of bimetallic Zintl clusters with main group and transition metal atoms has been of particular interest to the growing field of nanotechnology. Nanomaterials are at the core of advances in electronic technology, information storage, optical biosensors, and drug delivery vehicles to name a few. Despite their importance, much is still unknown about the structure, stability, and dynamic properties of small nanoparticles; more specifically, clusters containing two or more elements. The synthesis, characterization, and applications of very large bimetallic nanoclusters will aid in addressing these critical issues. Studies in this area can lead to an understanding of how big nanoclusters or small nanoparticles behave in applications such as heterogeneous catalytic reforming in the oil and gas industry, fuel cell electrocatalysis, or advancements in high temperature superconductors. This proposal targets chemistry designed to move to the next level of bare cluster anions, which serves an important role of relating gas phase clusters to those in the solid state. The new binary clusters which will lead to the next generational size of nanoclusters. In preliminary studies cluster anions [Sn9Ir(cod)]3‐ and [Pb9Ir(cod)]3‐ have been synthesized and characterized and sub‐10 nm PtSn4 nanoparticles have been fabricated from the bimetallic cluster [Pt2Sn9(PPh3)]2‐. The former two are the first known examples of Sn‐Ir and Pb‐Ir bimetallics and provide new insight into structure and bonding of these bimetallic systems. New clusters, such as IrPb123‐, Rh4Sn202‐ and Co4Ge604‐ will be pursued during the course of Fellowship. All complexes have been studied via X‐ ray crystallography and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy while the nanoparticles were studied via TEM and X‐ray diffraction methods. DIELECTRIC MONITORING OF EPOXY POLYMERIZATION Abdul‐Rahman Raji*, Alvin P. Kennedy, and Solomon Tadesse Department of Chemistry, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD 21251 Abstract Dielectric spectroscopy has been used to monitor the isothermal cure of Diglycidyl Ether of Bisphenol A with 3,3ʹ‐ Diaminodiphenyl sulfone (DDS) and 4,4ʹ‐Diaminodiphenyl sulfone (DDS). The network formation was followed in real‐time through the dielectric spectra which depend on the reorientational motion of the molecules during polymerization. Such real‐time dielectric changes reflect the reaction mechanism and the morphology of the thermoset. Dielectric permittivity depends on the mixing ratio of epoxy resin with the above curing agents. Loss peak heights decrease with cure time and finally levels off. Their appearance is thus associated with amount of curing agents present in the reaction mixture. Previous work with Diaminodiphenyl methane (DDM) reveals no permittivity dependence on mixing ratio. This may be due to the polarity of sulfone groups on DDS molecules during cure in comparison with DDM molecules which have methyl groups between its two rings. This sort of correlations with processing properties lays the foundation for our ongoing in situ monitoring of nanocomposite formation in which we now incorporate clay nanoparticles into the network. 91

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SURFACE FUNCTIONALIZATION OF GOLD NANOPARTICLES FOR DUAL OPTICAL AND ELECTROCHEMICAL DETECTION OF PATHOGENS Clara P. Adams1, Motez Mejri2, Hamdi Baccar2, Adnane Abdelghani2 and Sherine O. Obare1* 1Department of Chemistry, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 2University of 7 November, Carthage, Tunisia Abstract Synthetic procedures that produce gram‐scale, well defined and monodisperse metallic and bimetallic nanoparticles in the 1‐4 nm size range is a continuing challenge in nanoscale science. We have developed new organic ligands that when used as stabilizers for metal nanoparticles, provide the ability to gain control of the particle size in one‐step synthetic procedures. We have synthesized and characterized monodisperse metallic gold and bimetallic alloys of gold nanoparticles. Within the 1‐4 nm size regime the nanoparticles exhibit unique electrochemical and optical properties. We have investigated the electrochemical quantized double‐layer (QDL) charging differences of these metallic nanoparticles. Within this size range, the electronic properties transition from a bulk‐like continuum of electronic states to molecule‐like, discrete electronic orbital levels. Such properties provided evidence that the nanoparticles were ideal for biosensing applications. Studies that demonstrate the appropriate functionalization of the nanoparticles for the detection of pathogens will be presented. ULTRAFAST BAND EDGE LUMINESCENCE DYNAMICS OF QUANTUM SIZED ZNO NANOPARTICLES Jameel A. Hasan, Shankar Varaganti, and Guda Ramakrishna Department of Chemistry, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo MI 49008 Abstract Size dependence luminescence of quantum sized semiconductor nanoparticles has been an area of great research interest both because of the fundamental understanding of nanoscience1 as well as applications in biological imaging and quantum dot lasers. In the present work, band edge luminescence dynamics of quantum sized zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles has been followed with femtosecond fluorescence up‐conversion spectroscopy. Quantum sized (ZnO) nanoparticles were synthesized by the controlled hydrolysis of Zinc Acetate (CH3COO‐) in ethanol2 and the band gap luminescence dynamics has been monitored as a function of size. Onset of absorption is used to calculate the band gap and the size of the nanoparticles. Excitation of the particles was carried out at 266 nm (Third Harmonic Generation of Ti:Sapphire) and the emission was monitored from 340 nm as a function of size. Steady‐state measurements have shown very little band gap luminescence for small size nanoparticles and its intensity is increased as well as shifted to longer wavelengths as the size of the nanoparticle is increased. Lifetime of the fast component of band gap luminescence was as short as 300 fs for small size particles and increased to 30 to 40 ps for large size nanoparticles (Figure 1.0).

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Absence of steady‐state band edge luminescence is explained by the ultrafast decay of electrons and holes to trap states in small sized nanoparticles. Dynamics of the band edge luminescence has given very important information about the exciton trapping as the size of the particles is increased. Comparative measurements are also made with the large size ZnO nanoparticles of 100 nm and the polyvinylpyrrolidone capped quantum sized ZnO nanoparticles.

FL. Counts (cps)

8000

6000

Increase in particle size 4000

2000

0 0

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Figure 1.0: Band gap luminescence traces of ZnO nanoparticles with an increase in size References 1. Alivisatos, A. P. Science 1996, 271, 933. 2. Meulenkamp, E.A. J. Phys. Chem. B 1998, 102, 5566. ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY ENHANCEMENT WITH ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUND Joel S. N. Tietsia* Department of Electrotechnical Engineering, University Institute of Technology Fotso Victor Bandjoun, Cameroon Abstract Electrostatic discharge is a major source of failures in electronic devices such as scanners and photocopiers. Such discharge is dispelled when the flow of electrons reaches a threshold value of 10 ‐12 s/cm. The use of an organometallic compound namely Copper phthalocyanine with thermoplastic results in a compound that disperses electrostatic while enhancing the compound electrical conductivity. The main objective of our investigation is to improve the threshold value that allows electrostatic discharge by manipulating the conductivity and resistivity ratio. In this study, we have developed a model to predict the electrical conductivity of copper phthalocyanine [Cu(pc)I] starting from the fundamental theory of electrical conductivity. The model is valid for pure and impurity‐ dominated material over a wide range of temperatures and has a single input: the ionic concentration. The new model has been validated for normal inorganic compound [Cu(pc)I] using experimental electrical conductivity based on chemistry molecular variation thermodynamic, spectral, and chemistry redox properties. 93

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UHMWPE/NANODIAMOND NANOCOMPOSITES: STRUCTURE, PROPERTY, AND PROCESSING RELATIONSHIPS Dr. Derrick Dean and John Tipton* University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Birmingham, AL 35205 Abstract We present ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) nanocomposites reinforced with detonation nanodiamonds (ND). Many reports in the literature describe the morphology of non‐ reinforced UHMWPE systems and this polymer’s wide range of high performance applications. However, possibly due to extreme difficulty in processing, few reports describe nanocomposite formulations and their respective property enhancements. The theoretical potential for these composites may lead to near drop‐in material enhancements in applications where mechanical, tribological and UV exposure properties are critical. The presented work describes a powder processing/mechanical mixing technique to incorporate various loadings (0.1, 1.0, 5.0wt%) of nanodiamond particles into the polymer and corresponding thermomechanical and morphological characterization. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) shows increases in the storage modulus with diamond loadings from sub‐ambient temperature to just below melting temperature. Thermal conductivity and thermal stability properties are reported as a function of nanodiamond loading. Surface and bulk crystallinity is studied through FTIR and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Avrami kinetics experiments indicate a change in crystallization mechanism with the addition of nanodiamond particles. Preliminary interpretation yields the hypothesis that the uniquely faceted structure of the nanodiamonds provides heterogeneous nucleation sites. Hence, nanodiamonds may be integrated into the lamellar structure of UHMWPE crystals. This morphological to bulk analysis provides a unique route to understanding and predicting final properties to provide insight into the nature of physical and chemical interactions between the polymer and nano‐scale reinforcement.

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SYNTHESIS AND SINGLE MOLECULE CHARGING OF ARYLAMINE REDOX NETWORKS Melody Kelley 1,2, Grace Chotsuwan 1,2, Silas Blackstock*1,2 1University of Alabama, Department of Chemistry, Tuscaloosa, AL 35404 2University of Alabama, Center for Materials for Information Technology (MINT), Tuscaloosa, AL 35404 Abstract Efforts to improve the efficiency of memory storage devices commonly involve the application of molecular electronics. In the group’s previous work3, Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Kelvin Probe Microscopy (KPM) have successfully demonstrated the single molecule charging (and discharge) of conjugated arylamines. A novel class of arylamines is being synthesized and their charge storage and transport characteristics will be studied via AFM and KPM. The design of the molecule includes multiple redox centers of known charge capacity with varied oxidation potential and varied connection patterns. We predict the possibility of selectively charging domains of the single molecule. These experiments will investigate how to pattern and store charge on a nm scale within single molecule domains. The synthesis and Atomic Force Microscopy single molecules with built in charge reservoir networks will be presented. 3 Chotsuwan, C.; Blackstock, S. C. JACS 2008, 130, 12556‐12557. HYDROXYCRUCIFORMS: AMINE‐RESPONSIVE FLUOROPHORES Psaras L. McGrier*, Kyril M. Solntsev, Shaobin Miao, Laren M. Tolbert, Oscar R. Miranda, Vincent M. Rotello, and Uwe H. F. Bunz Department of Chemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia Abstract The synthesis of three hydroxy‐substituted cruciforms (XF, 1,4‐bis(4’‐hydroxystyryl)‐2,5‐ bis(4’’‐methoxyphenylethynyl)benzene, 1,4‐bis(4’‐methoxystyryl)‐2,5‐bis(4’’‐ hydroxyphenylethynyl)benzene, and 1,4‐bis(4’‐hydroxystyryl)‐2,5‐bis(4’’‐ hydroxyphenylethynyl)benzene) starts with a Horner reaction followed by a Sonogashira Coupling and subsequent deprotection. The three herein described XFs contain either two or four free phenolic hydroxyl groups. All three XFs were subjected to photometric UV/Vis titrations in a methanol/water mixture. The respective pKa values were obtained by data deconvolution. As the three XFs display a significant change in emission color upon photoinduced deprotonation, the XFs were taken up in different solvents and exposed to twelve amines. The amine‐dependent change in emissivity of the tetrahydroxy XF is sufficiently distinct in the eight solvents that all of the inspected amines are discerned by a linear discriminant analysis. The tetrahydroxy XF in different solvents forms a sensor array, the response of which is based on the excited‐state proton transfer (ESPT) to amines and mediated by the choice of the battery of solvents that are utilized.

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ACETYLENE SUBSTITUED POLYTHIOPHENES FOR USE IN MOLECULAR ELECTRONICS Racquel C. Jemison, Toby L. Nelson, Sarada P. Mishra, Richard D. McCullough* Carnegie Mellon University, Chemistry Department, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 Abstract Poly(3‐alkylthiophene)s have become the benchmark for π‐conjugated materials due to their environmental stability, processability, excellent electrical conductivity, and high charge carrier mobilities, making them ideal organic components in several molecular electronic applications. To improve these properties for the fulfillment of several device requirements, chemical modifications such as improving the regioregularity, increasing the molecular weight and decreasing the polydispersity have been implemented. However, little research has been done to improve properties by incorporating conjugated side chains. Herein, the synthesis of acetylene substituted polythiophene copolymers will be presented. Due to its rigidity, the triple bond leads to greater planarity relative to alkyl substituted polythiophenes thus improving the pi‐stacking and its properties. Electrical and physical properties of these materials will also be discussed. THE USE OF SERS CHIPS FOR THE TRACE DETECTION OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS Tolecia S. Clark*, Sehoon Chang, Srikanth Singamaneni, Zachary Combs, and Vladimir V. Tsukruk Georgia Institute of Technology, Materials Science and Engineering, Atlanta, GA 30332 Abstract In light of recent concerns on threats to our national security, interest in research focused on the development of ultrasentive sensors for trace detection of biological and chemical agents has grown significantly. Challenges associated with the design of sensors with high sensitivity and selectivity, accuracy, and precision include cost, time of analysis, scope, reproducibility and reusability, sampling/standard requirements, and portability for in‐field use. Although traditional methods of trace monitoring, i.e. high‐performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry, are highly sensitive and selective, use of these methods are incompatible for in‐field analysis for lack of portability, a required multistep analysis regimen, and a high level of user expertise for obtaining accurate and precise information, so, thus, an alternative method is needed. A clear and viable alternative to trace monitoring by traditional methods is surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) based analysis. The contribution of electromagnetic and chemical enhancements from the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of noble metal (i.e. Au, Ag) nanostructures increases the weak Raman signal by a factor of 1014 thereby advancing the use of SERS in chemical and biological sensing even at the single‐molecule level

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.To address the design challenges of ultrasensitive sensors, we developed a robust, engineered nanostructure used for SERS based analysis of hazardous chemical and biological compounds. Porous alumina membranes (PAMs) are selectively coated with poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH), a polyelectrolyte used to bind Ag nanospheres along the channel walls, to form a SERS chip used in a microfluidic system. The integrity of the SERS chip design was confirmed by SEM and Raman mapping. Preliminary data shows the viability of the SERS chip for trace detection of pyridine. MULTIFUNCTIONAL ELECTROSPUN POLYCAPROLACTONE/NANODIAMOND COMPOSITE SCAFFOLDS FOR DELIVERY OF THERAPUETICS Amanee D. Salaam*1, Derrick Dean2 and Elijah Nyairo3 1University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Birmingham, AL 2 University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Birmingham, AL 35294 3 Alabama state Unversity, Department of Physical Sciences, Montgomery, AL 36101 Abstract In the United States, there are an outstanding number of people suffering from bone abnormalities such as cancer, fracture, and osteoporosis. Current methods of treatment for these abnormalities are limited to grafting techniques where tissue is extracted from one part of the body and transplanted to another. Since the supply of treatment methods fails to meet the demand, tissue engineering has become the central research topic as it allows the development of new tissue while maintaining the structure of damaged tissue. Scaffold design is an area of focus primarily because tissue scaffolds provides structure for cell attachment, guides cell proliferation and differentiation, and mimicks the native extracellular matrix (ECM) of bone. For bone tissue regeneration, the scaffold should sustain mechanical loading throughout the duration of implantation to healing phases and simulate new bone growth. Because it is implanted in vivo, a scaffold could also serve as a substrate for localized, systemic delivery of therapeutics (e.g., growth factors and cancer drugs). With this knowledge, electrospinning is utilized to fabricate a nanocomposite scaffold from polycaprolactone (PCL) and various concentrations of detonation nanodiamond (ND). ND serves two purposes in our system: reinforcement and mediation of therapeutic delivery. We expect to see increased mechanical properties in our PCL/ND composite nanofibers. Furthermore, we hope to extend the functionality of our tissue engineering substrate by introducing tunable localized drug delivery capabilities. Thus, our research focuses on the potential use of ND to deliver therapeutics, the compatibility concerns with using carbon based nanomaterials (i.e., cytotoxicity), and the fabrication and characterization of these novel nanocomposite scaffolds for localized chemotherapy.

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ELECTRON MAGNETIC RESONANCE STUDIES ON NANOWIRE AND NANOPARTICLE ARRAYS O. K. Amponsah*1, R. R. Rakhimov1, Yu Barnakov1, R. A. Lukaszew2, J. C. Owrutsky3, M. Pomfret3 and N. Noginova1 1Center for Materials Research, Norfolk State University, Norfolk, VA; 2College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA; 3Naval Research Lab, Washington DC Abstract Arrays of magnetic nanowires and well‐oriented chains of superparamagnetic nanoparticles were fabricated using polymer and alumina membrane templates. The systems were characterized by SQUID and studied by electron magnetic resonance methods. Comparative analysis of the obtained results for different geometries and sizes of the magnetic inclusions is presented.

CHARACTERIZATION AND OPTOMIZATION OF THE VISCOSITY OF SURFACTANT MODIFIED BIOACTIVE GLASS Reginna E. Scarber*, Derrick R. Dean, and Gregg M. Janowski University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Birmingham, AL 35294 Abstract Disease affects different areas of the bone and can impact individuals of all pathologies and ethnicities. These bone diseases can result in weakening which leads to trauma during ordinary function, the need for reconstructive surgery, and eventual bone replacement. Bone disease is often treated by replacing the diseased bone using autogenous grafting or orthopedic implants. Tissue engineering can provide a less traumatic and more fundamental solution to the current therapies implemented. Bioactive glasses are promising materials in tissue engineering applications because of their ability to form hydroxycarbonate apatite in the presence of simulated body fluid. This ultimately results in supported cell adhesion, growth, and differentiation, bone formation, and the ability to bind bone morphogenic proteins in vivo. The purpose of this study was to optimize the processing of bioglass nanofibers, resulting in a better distribution of fibers with a reduction in the occurrence of beading. Another aim of this study was to understand the electrochemical (charge density and viscosity) process in which the surfactant improves the electrospinning of bioactive glass. The electrospinning process was used to form nanometer dimension fibers of bioactive glass. A varied concentration of surfactant (2%, 5%, 6.5%) was used to control polymer interactions and viscosity. The scaffold was characterized using X‐Ray diffraction, Fourier Transfer infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Fiber diameters and distributions were calculated. Rheometry was conducted on the sol‐gel solution. SEM images displayed uniform fiber diameter and absence of beads with an increase in surfactant concentration. The increase in viscosity coupled with the ability of the surfactant to limit polymeric secondary bonding led to improved fiber quality. The addition of surfactant increased viscosity and reduced polymeric interactions which improved the fiber quality of the bioglass scaffold. 98

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BIOINFORMATIC ELUCIDATION OF CONSENSUS PHOSPHORYLATION MOTIFS UTILIZING INTER‐SPECIES FUNCTIONAL DATA Leethaniel Brumfield1*, Joshua K. Sailsbery1, Douglas E. Brown1, Dr. Ralph A. Dean1 1Center for Integrated Fungal Research, North Carolina State University, CB 7244, Raleigh, NC Abstract It is estimated that the world needs to produce 40% more rice by 2030 to feed its more than five billion rice consumers. Fungal disease, particularly that caused by the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, is a major factor limiting rice production. The Center for Integrated Fungal Research (CIFR) is actively involved in researching fungal pathogenicity with the intention to control fungal disease, while enhancing the overall safety and protection of the agricultural food supply across the globe. A key to controlling rice blast disease is a better understanding of M. oryzae’s pathogenic mechanisms; an important part of which resides in the ability of cellular signaling molecules (kinases) to phosphorylate a core set of transcription factors (TF) in a direct and controlled manner. Therefore, the more we know about the downstream targets of kinases, their associated pathways, and TF‐regulated genes, the more effective controlling pathogenicity efforts will be. Previous pathway and network structure research in S. cerevisiae and H. sapiens may be utilized to better understand cellular signaling in M. oryzae when investigating similar proteins. Large scale protein phosphorylation microarrays can be used to accurately identify functional TF targets of homologous kinases across these species. Potentially phosphorylated binding motifs were identified in these TFs using the Pratt algorithm that detects sequence patterns.1 These TF phosphorylation motifs were used to examine the shared functionality between homologous kinases. Such motifs may also provide potential chemical targets and aid in developing disease control strategies. Our findings showed that in all three species there were slightly more kinases that fell into the MAPK kinases family, and within M. oryzae enriched MAPK TFs reached 75.64% and 77.54% and 90.78% in H. sapiens and S. cerevisiae respectively. In our continued mission to fully understand the transcriptional control of each gene and the targets of each TF involved in controlling infection related development and pathogenicity, future research includes comparing the data compiled from Pratt with other motif‐finding programs and eventually composing an open‐to‐the‐public online M. oryzae TF database. 1. Jonassen, I., Collins, J.F., Higgins, D. Finding flexible patterns in unaligned protein sequences. Protein Science, 1995, 4(8):1587‐1595. *Poster presenter to whom correspondence should be addressed: E‐Mail: lbrumfi@ncsu.edu

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SYNTHESIS AND ANTIBACTERIAL POTENTIATION OF β‐LACTAM ANTIBIOTIC‐BASED IONIC LIQUIDS Marsha R. Cole1, Min Li1, Bilal El‐Zahab1, Marlene E. Janes2, Daniel Hayes3, and Isiah M. Warner*1 1 Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA 2 Department of Food Science, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA 3 Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, 70803, USA Abstract The emergence of drug‐resistant bacteria has led to an exponential reduction in the amount of effective antibiotics and treatment. The reduced efficacy and antibacterial activity of various medicinal compounds used to treat bacteria resistance may be remedied using an ionic liquid approach. In this study, a new class of ionic liquids were prepared by combining cationic antibacterial/disinfectant and anionic pharmacological components. Here, the anion used is the antibiotic ampicillin and the cations are the surfactants 1‐hexadecyl‐3‐methylimidazolium, 1‐hexadecyl‐2,3‐dimethylimidazolium, cetylpyridinium, and cetyltrimethylammonium. Therefore, the ampicillin‐based ILs (Amp‐ILs) synthesized are 1‐hexadecyl‐3‐methylimidazolium ampicillin, 1‐hexadecyl‐2,3‐dimethyimidazolium ampicillin, cetylpyridinium ampicillin, and cetyltrimethylammonium ampicillin. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was used to establish the antibacterial properties of the Amp‐ILs against seven pathogens. A vast improvement in antibacterial activity was observed in the new Amp‐ ILs once compared to the ampicillin starting material. In sum, the ampicillin content required for activity was 2‐30 times less for the Amp‐ILs than sodium ampicillin for the investigated bacteria, indicating an improvement in activity for a lower amount of materials.

SCOPE AND MECHANISM OF GOLD(I)‐CATALYZED INTERMOLECULAR HYDROAMINATION AND OF ALLENES WITH ARYLAMINES Alethea N. Duncan* & Ross A. Widenhoefer Duke University, Chemistry Department, Durham, NC 27708 Abstract Reaction of 1,2‐butadiene and aniline with a catalytic amount of [P(t‐Bu)2‐o‐biphenyl]AuCl and AgOTf (5 mol%) in dioxane at 45 °C for 24 hours formed a 4.1:1 mixture of N‐prenylaniline and N,N‐diprenylaniline in 73% and 17% yield, respectively. This catalytic system was effective for monosubstituted and 1,1‐ and 1,3‐disubstituted allenes with primary and secondary arylamines. Deuterium‐labeling studies, in conjunction with kinetic and chirality transfer experiments, support a mechanism for the gold‐catalyzed hydroamination of allenes with arylamines involving outer‐sphere attack of the gold‐ ‐allene complex to form a gold‐ ‐alkenyl ammonium complex. Deprotonation of this complex by free aniline to give a neutral gold‐ ‐alkenyl complex followed by protonolysis releases the hydroamination product.

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GUEST CATALYZED MOLECULAR ROTOR Brent E. Dial, Roger D. Rasberry, Ken D. Shimizu* University of South Carolina, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Columbia, SC Abstract Reported herein, is a system in which bond rotation is catalyzed or accelerated via a molecular recognition event. The design is such that the rotational motion of the molecular rotor is accelerated upon binding with select guests. Presented here is the synthesis and measurement of rotational barriers of an axially chiral N‐arylimide that exhibits restricted rotation about the Caryl‐Nimide bond at ambient temperature. An investigation of this phenomenon and suggested explanation of the dynamic recognition property of this receptor is presented. dial@mail.chem.sc.edu, raspberry@mail.chem.sc.edu and shimizu@mail.chem.sc.edu.

PROGRESS TOWARDS THE DEVELOPMENT OF POTENTIAL PATHOGEN BIOSENSORS Charlee K. McLean1*, Dr. Angela Winstead2, Dr. Richard Williams3 Morgan State University, Department of Chemistry, Baltimore, MD 21251 Abstract Cyanine dyes are used in various biological applications, such as fluorescence labeling probe. Cy‐5 dyes are currently being used to detect pathogens but they exhibit fluorescent properties in the 670‐710 nm region, this region is subjected to the interference of other biological molecules and fluorescent probes. Replacement of the Cy‐5 dyes with Cy‐7 dyes eliminates this problem because they fluoresce in the near infra‐red region. The objective of this research is to synthesize water‐soluble Cy‐7 dyes that will be used to detect pathogens; these dyes will fluoresce at a longer wavelength than the Cy‐5 dyes. Initial studies have been conducted towards optimizing the synthesis of various heptamethine dyes in an efficient time using Microwave Assisted Organic Synthesis (MAOS). Five symmetric dyes and one unsymmetric dye were successfully synthesized with percentage yields ranging from 65% to 84%. The absorbance spectra ranged in the 780‐790 nm region and the 1HNMR spectra for the dyes concluded that the dyes are significantly clean. The synthesized symmetric carboxylic dye was converted to its NHS‐ester by a reaction of the dye with N‐hydroxy‐succinmide and DCC. The NHS– dye complex was used to covalently label the protein streptavidin. An absorption spectra analysis was conducted on the protein streptavidin and the protein‐dye complex. An 8:1 molar ratio of dye to protein molecule was obtained. The Cy‐7 dyes were successfully synthesized using the microwave, however without the sulfonate groups they are not water soluble and cannot be used to synthesize biosensor. Therefore, the synthesis of the indolenium sulfonate salt is currently being investigated. Future works include

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the synthesis of the indolenium sulfonate salt derivatives and using these derivatives to synthesize water soluble Cy‐7 dyes that will be used to detect pathogens.

THE TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF N‐METHYLWELWITINDOLINONE C ISOTHIOCYANATE Dave A. Jenkins1, Kenneth J. Shea*2, John Brailsford3, and Siu‐Ling Sit4 University of California, Irvine, Department of Chemistry, Irvine, CA 92697 Abstract The total synthesis of N‐methylwelwitindolinone C isothiocyanate also known as methyl welwistatin has yet to be accomplished. Methyl welwistatin has been found to suppress the function of P‐glycoprotein, a transmembrane protein which functions as an efflux pump that removes toxins located inside a cell. Over‐expression of this protein in cancer cells works against drugs such as taxol that are readily expelled by P‐glycoprotein. The synthesis and evaluation of the mechanism of methyl welwistatin and its derivatives will enable doctors to use lower therapeutic levels of drugs like taxol. This would result in lower peripheral damage to the patient from these toxic compounds. The overall goal of the project was to develop a practical and efficient total synthesis of methyl welwistatin and its derivatives. A key step in our strategy was the formation of pentacyclo [4.3.1] oxindole via cycloaddition of the Diels‐Alder precursor. Preliminary work focused on synthesis of the Diels‐Alder precursor, which was envisioned to perform a Type‐2 Intramolecular Diels‐Alder reaction (T2IMDA).

SYNTHESES OF ORGANOMETALLIC COMPLEXES THAT MODEL THE SEMICONDUCTOR INTERFACE OF TiO2 BASED DYE SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS Dayne D. Fraser and Kevin H. Shaughnessy* Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, AL

Abstract Currently TiO2 dye sensitized solar cells (DSSC) are only ~11% efficient. A better understanding of the electron transfer cycle is needed to improve efficiency. This study investigates the binding of the organic dye compound to the surface of the TiO2 semiconductor with the main focus being on how the linker functionality between the dye and the semiconductor affects charge transport. To do this, a series of TiO2 model complexes will be synthesized containing carboxylate, hydroxamate, sulfonate and phosphonate linker functionalities. The mode of attachment (monodentate, chelating or bridging) of these functionalities to the TiO2 surface will be determined with the use of (IR, Raman) vibrational spectroscopy with the model complexes acting as references. A better understanding of the binding motif on the semiconductor’s surface brings insight on which conditions provide the most efficient charge transport.

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PROGRESS TOWARD THE SYNTHESIS OF CYANO CYANINE DYES Deveine Toney*, Dr. Angela Winstead Morgan State University Department of Chemistry, Baltimore, MD 21251 Abstract Cyanine dyes can be used in many different areas such as nonlinear optics, chemotherapy, and live cell imaging1. These dyes are significant for they have the ability to detect cancer at its earliest stages2. However, in some cases, cyanine dyes used in these studies tend to photobleach in light. With the addition of α‐cyano group to the cyanine dyes, one can improve the photostability of the dye. The main focus of this research is to improve the synthesis of the α‐cyano cyanine dyes. Preliminary studies focused on the synthesis of the dye’s heterocyclic salts. Microwave assisted organic synthesis (MAOS) is used to decrease the time it take to synthesize the salts and the dyes. Methylbezothiazole and methylbenzothiazole acetonitrile reacted with several alkyl halides to produce the salts in the yields ranging from 13 to 90 percent. All compounds were identified using NMR. Ethyl methybenzothiazole salt reacted with sodium acetate and DMF in the microwave at 120º C, 2 minute ramp time, and a 20 minute hold. Based on NMR data synthesis of the cy‐3 dye was successful. The dye produced an 8 percent yield. Future work will be focused on studying of the filtrate and manipulating the reaction conditions in the microwave oven. REFERENCES 1. Renikuntla,Babu Rao, Rose,Heather C., Eldo, Jody Waggoner, Alan S., Armitage, Bruce A., Improved Photostability and Fluorescence Properties through Polyfluorination of a Cyanine Dye. Organic Letter. 2004.Vol.6.No.6.909‐912 2. Toutchkine, Alexei, Nguygen, Dan‐Vinh, Hahn, Klaus M. Merocyanine Dyes with Improved Photostability. Organic Letter. 2007.Vol.9.No.15.2775‐2777 Funded by: NSF‐Rise No. 0627276 and HBCU‐ UP‐NSF HRD 0506066 DEVELOPMENT OF SYNTHETIC GLYCANS TO CAPTURE SHIGA TOXIN VARIANTS Hailemichael Yosief and Suri S. Iyer* Center for Chemical Sensors and Biosensors, Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221. Abstract Shiga toxin (Stx) 1 and 2 are the major virulence factors of E.coli O157:H7. These toxins cause diarrhea, which can proceed to hemolytic uremic syndrome and kidney failure in 10‐15% of the 70,000 annual cases of E.coli infection in the United States. Epidemiological and animal model studies have indicated that Stx2 is more toxic than Stx1. There is a great need to develop diagnostics and therapeutics for these deadly toxins.

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Stx belong to AB5 family of toxins. Cellular entry is mediated by the B subunit which recognizes the globotrioacylceramide (Gb3), a glycolipid, present on the cell surface. Using a modular synthetic approach, we are developing Gb3 analogs to capture the toxins. These molecules are expected to find application in diagnostics and therapeutics. The synthetic strategy and the synthesis of the target molecules will be presented.

OPTIMIZATION OF A WATER ELECTROLYSIS CELL AS AN ALTERNATIVE FUEL SOURCE Michael B. Miller, Patrice Bell* Georgia Gwinnett College, School of Science and Technology, Lawrenceville, GA Abstract With greenhouse gases on the rise and the quantity of fossil fuels diminishing, the need for more alternative fuel sources is paramount. The method of electrolysis to decompose water molecules into their elemental gases has been around since 1800 as introduced by Nicholson and Carlisle.[1] This poster presents an optimized method to effectively and inexpensively use the electrolysis process to generate hydrogen, eventually replacing fossil fuels. Initial experiments with grade 316L stainless steel as an electrode stack using alkaline electrocatalysts at room temperature reveal direct correlations of 1) concentration of the electrocatalyst and amperage of the system; 2) temperature and time; and 3) amperage with gas flow rate. The current output for the system is 1.6LPM at 5.9 Amps. [1] Buckmaster, John Charles. The Elements of Magnetism & Electricity, 7th Ed.; Simpkin, Marshall: 1879, p 109.

SYNTHESIS OF SPIROKETALS VIA GOLD CATALYSIS OF HYDROXY KETO‐ COMPOUNDS: A CURRENT APPROACH Morgan Hudson‐Davis, John Oxford, Ebonni Fischer, Kyle Manning and Dr. Karelle Aiken* Georgia Southern University, Department of Chemistry, Statesboro, GA 30460 Abstract Spiroketal moieties are present in a number of naturally occurring compounds isolated from various marine, fungal and bacterial organisms. These compounds exhibit various forms of biological activity, including but not limited to, the inhibition of cell proliferation, insect pheromone activity and activity against the ulcer bacteria, Helicobacter pylori. In the proposed study, a series of propargylated hydroxy keto‐compounds will be synthesized as precursors for the synthesis of various spiroketals, via gold salt catalysis. These spiroketals will serve as potential precursors for complex biologically active molecules. Approaches toward the synthesis of the propargylated hydroxy keto‐compounds will be discussed.

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A CONVENIENT MICROWAVE SYNTHESIS OF QUINOLINE DERIVATIVES AS POTENTIAL ANTI‐CANCER DRUGS Morgan Price and Nripendra Bose, Ph.D.* Department of Chemistry, Georgia Southern University Abstract In our research group, we are mainly focused on the synthesis of drugs using derivatives of quinoline. In pursuit of greener synthesis, synthetic chemists have explored the use of reactions performed with ionic liquids and without solvents. The use of microwave heating has eliminated the need for toxic solvents in many traditional and emerging reactionsQuinoline (C9H7N) is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound. This compound can be extracted through the distillation of coal tar. An environmentally benign method for a convenient synthesis of quinolines has been developed by the modification of Friedlaender’s method, incorporating the use of ionic liquids. The experimental procedure is simple and the product can be easily isolated in high yields. The problems associated with earlier reported procedures have been modified. Previously known for it uses in making anti‐ malarial drugs, the combinatorial libraries of quinolines will be tested as an anti‐cancer drug for prostate cancer. The most prevalent of drug synthesis of anti‐malarial known, is in the synthesis of anti‐malariamedicines, in the case of Quinaldine, 2‐methylquinoline. Other uses for the quinoline compound are fungicides, biocides, and flavoring agents. The compound has also shown to have antiseptic and antibacterial properties. Due to their importance, quinoline has become one of the main subjects of organic synthesis. In the past methods to synthesize quinoline using the Friedlaender method incorporated hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, AuCl3, and ZnCl2 as acidic catalysts. These catalysts often resulted in relatively low yields, drastic reaction conditions, side reactions, and chemical expense. In this experimentation, the catalyst used will be an acidic ionic liquid. Ionic liquids are known for their eco‐friendly, reusable, recoverable, and cost efficient nature. Once a more efficient method is found, the focus of this research will shift to discuss quinoline as a possible tyrosine kinase inhibiting agent. The importance of using ionic liquids is to give a greener synthesis. This way, instead of harsh solvents, ionic solvents will be used which are better for the environments and are much less expensive. Modifying the Friedlander’s synthesis will also hopefully yield in less side reactions and less harsh conditions.

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SYNTHESIS OF NOVEL EPOXY GEMINI SURFACTANTS FROM VERNONIA OIL Nikki S. Johnson*, Folahan O. Ayorinde Howard University, Department of Chemistry, Washington, DC, 20059 Abstract Vernonia galamensis is a new potential industrial oilseed crop found in Africa. It is the source of a naturally epoxidized oil called vernonia oil (VO) which is extracted from the seed of the plant. It is this epoxy functionality that makes vernonia oil unique in comparison to all other vegetable oils such as coconut oil, palm kernel oil, soybean oil, sunflower oil, etc., of which none contain the level of epoxy acid found in VO. Generally, vegetable oils, which are biorenewable resources, are good starting materials for surfactants, which are surface active molecules containing both hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups. They are used as wetting agents because they lower surface tension and interfacial tension. Surfactants can be found in paints, fabric softeners, dyes, cosmetics, and detergents as well as many other materials. In these applications surfactants aid in lubrication, catalysis, tertiary oil recovery, drug delivery, etc. Classically, there are four main types of surfactants: anionic, cationic, nonionic, and zwitterionic. However, a new type of surfactant, called gemini surfactants, has recently evolved. Gemini surfactants have shown superior surface activity in comparison to the others. For this reason, we have chosen these surfactants to be the focus of our research. The purpose of my research is to synthesize surfactants more specifically gemini surfactants, from vernonia oil, that are more efficient and economical in their applications.

MICROWAVE ASSISTED NITRILE SYNTHESIS Ofuje Daniyan and Yousef Hijji* Department of Chemistry, Morgan State University Abstract Nitriles are useful precursors for the synthesis of ketones, carboxylic acids, amines, and a host of other classes of compounds. They have wide applications in industries and are versatile intermediates. The conversion of aldehydes to nitriles is therefore a highly valued reaction. The goal of this project is to efficiently synthesize nitriles in good yields in a short time. A typical synthetic method is mixing the aldehyde with hydroxylamine hydrochloride and pyridine then addition of acetic anhydride and microwave irradiation which results in the formation of the nitrile. Isolation of the solid nitrile is achieved by adding water to the mixture and filtration of the precipitate. This one pot reaction was convenient for a variety of aromatic, aliphatic and heterocyclic aldehydes. The results of these reactions, conditions and advantages will be presented.

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GOLD CATALYSES OF ‐PROPARGYLATED KETO SUBSTRATES TO FORM FURAN DERIVATIVES Rayaj Ahamed and Dr. Karelle Aiken* Georgia Southern University, Department of Chemistry, Statesboro, GA 30460 Abstract Extreme pressures and temperatures are needed to cyclize many organic molecules. Gold salts are known for their catalytic activation and reactive capabilities of alkynes. In addition, gold salts have an incentive property of recycling in a reaction. A very small amount of gold salt can catalyze vast amounts of substrate. The use of gold salts as a catalytic process constitutes an easy and efficient means to manufacture building blocks for products that have a high biological and medicinal interest. In the proposed project, α‐propargylated keto substrates will be catalyzed with various gold salts in order to create furan subunits. The synthesis of various analogs of furan derivatives will be attempted via the variation of functional groups in the substrate. These will include but are not limited to: amides, nitro, thiols, phenyl, sterically hindered groups. Furthermore, a mechanistic study will probe the efficiency of the gold‐catalyzed reaction. The variables that we will modify will include temperature, solvents, and duration. Gold salts have not been fully researched. Its rarity and scarcity has hindered many advancements with this specific metal. APPROACHES TOWARD THE SYNTHESIS OF POLYARYLS USING THE LACTONE CONCEPT Sierra Mitchell, Donovan Thompson, W. Alan McDonald, Dr. Karen Welch and Dr. Karelle Aiken* Chemistry, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA 30460 Abstract The attachment of carbohydrates with proteins is essential to the assembly, modification, and interpretation of carbohydrate signals. Carbohydrate coding carries information that is needed amongst cells, tissues, and organs. Such processes are often essential to the propagation of diseases. Glycomimetics is a phenomenon in which molecules are able to “mimic” the functions of carbohydrates in the body. When attached, the protein or enzyme is incapable of performing properly thus the glycomimic can prevent the spread of a disease. The “Lactone Concept” is a three‐step sequence that is used to produce biologically active biaryls and is applied to the synthesis of polyaryls that are prospective glycomimics. The first step in this method is the synthesis of 6H‐benzo[c]chromen‐6‐one derivatives via esterification of phenols and benzoic acids. The second step is a lactone‐synthesis using the Heck coupling reaction to form an axial

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bond; and the third step in this sequence is an asymmetric cleavage of the lactone to form biologically active biaryl compounds. In this project, the “Lactone Concept” is extended to the synthesis of polyaryl compounds that can be probed for (i) biological activity and (ii) use as ligands or catalysts in organic reactions. As a model, initial studies are geared towards simple triaryl and tetraaryl units. The results of probing the intermediates in the triaryl and tetraaryl synthesis for glycomimetic activity will be reported. EFFORTS TOWARD THE DESIGN AND EFFICIENT SYNTHESIS OF THE ZOANTHAMINE ALKALOIDS Stefan France* Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Atlanta, GA, 30332 Abstract The zoanthamine alkaloids, a type of heptacyclic marine alkaloid isolated from colonial zoanthids of the genus Zoanthus sp., have attracted much attention from a wide area of science, including medicinal chemistry, pharmacology, natural product chemistry, and synthetic organic chemistry, because of their distinctive biological and pharmacological properties as well as their chemical structures with stereochemical complexity. Presently, however, these alkaloids can only be isolated in milligram quantities. Although one member of the family (norzoanthamine) is available commercially, the actual logistics of obtaining that material are extremely prohibitive (15 mg cost ~$3500 and there is a long lead‐time). Similarly, current reported synthetic efforts fall short regarding efficiency and yield of final product. Thus, in an effort to address these limitations, we will discuss an efficient protocol for the divergent synthesis of the zoanthamine alkaloid family from a common precursor derived from a Rh(II)‐catalyzed cyclization‐cycloaddition cascade reaction.

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ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF FRACTIONS FROM ZANTHOXYLUM SETULOSUM IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF NOVEL STRUCTURES FOR CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC DRUGS Tameka, M., Walker*, William, N. Setzer University of Alabama in Huntsville, Department of Chemistry, Huntsville, AL, 35899 Abstract In this work, the fractionation of active materials, cytotoxic activity, and determination of chemical structures of isolated compounds from Zanthoxylum setulosum were evaluated. Zanthoxylum setulosum was notably cytotoxic (100% kill at 100 g/ml) on MCF‐7, MDA‐MB‐231, and MDA‐MB‐468 cells in vitro. Therefore, the cytotoxic effects of isolated extracts from Zanthoxylum setulosum were tested against MCF‐7 breast cancer cell lines. Two pure compounds of the isolated fractions (F14 and F37) exhibited high cyctotoxic killing against MCF‐7 cells at 100% and 86% kill at 100 g/ml, respectively. LC50 values where determined for the pure compounds, with F14 having a value of 36.4 g/ml and F37 46.4 g/ml. The chemical structure of F29 was determined by X‐ray crystallography and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) to be sesamin. The chemical structure of F14 was determined by NMR to be lupeol. The primary objective is to isolate fractions from Zanthoxylum setulosum and identify the active components for new potential chemotherapeutic drugs. PURIFICATION OF BACTERIAL APOA‐1 AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NOVEL NANOPARTICAL ANTICANCER DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM Thurman M. Young* Nirupama Sabnis and. Andras G. Lacko University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX Abstract Background: Although chemotherapy regimens have proved effective in attacking cancer cells and tumors, side effects and drug resistance remain a major concern during cancer therapy. The use of reconstituted high density lipoprotein (rHDL) nanoparticles has been investigated as a drug delivery system, including the transporting of small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA). The use of rHDL nanoparticles has great potential, in this regard, due to their ability to specifically target cancer cells via the HDL (SR‐B1) receptor. Objective: The goal of these studies was to improve the purification of Apolipoproteins A‐1 (ApoA‐1), a major component of rHDL, and the preliminary characterization of the siRNA carrying rHDL nanoparticles

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Methods: E.coli cells transfected with the apo A‐I gene was grown at 37OC, until an optical density of 0.6 was reached. The cells were then induced with 0.5mM Isopropyl β‐D‐1‐thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) and centrifuged. Subsequently, the pellets were suspended in the lysate solution and loaded onto a Nickel‐Sepharose column. Thereafter, rHDL nanoparticles using siRNA were prepared. Results: 160 mg per liter of purified ApoA1 was obtained. Particle measurements and the chemical composition of the particles are being investigated. Significance: Further investigation regarding the efficiency of the incorporation of siRNA, the physical and chemical properties as well as cytotoxicity of the particles will contribute to the assessment of the efficiency of these particles as a novel anti‐cancer drug delivery system. REACTIVITY OF DISTONIC SPECIES DERIVED FROM OXIDIZED METHIONINE Tyrslai M. Williams*, Ashley Wallace, Michelle O. Claville Ph. D Southern University & A&M College, Department of Chemistry, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 Abstract When amino acids are subjected to high energy irradiation, they will form highly reactive distonic ions. Since gamma irradiation is currently being touted as a choice method for purifying foods, it is necessary to determine if distonic ions will derive from gamma‐irradiated foods, and if formed, their subsequent reactivity. Compared to other amino acids, Methionine is quite unique once irradiated. It is hypothesized that by performing single electron oxidation on Methionine‐containing compounds chemically, distonic ions will be generated. It is further hypothesized that upon generation, they will subsequently exhibit reactivity that will afford different isolable metabolites, depending on the environment of generation. To test this hypothesis, protected Methionine analogs were used and then subjected to various oxidation methods within different environments. The results of this study are presented herein. ACCESSING SKELETAL DIVERSITY USING CATALYTIC CONTROL: SYNTHESIS OF A MACROCYCLIC TRIAZOLE LIBRARY Esther O. Uduehi*, Ann R. Kelly, Lisa Marcaurelle Broad Institute, Diversity‐Oriented Synthesis, Cambridge, MA 02142 Abstract The preparation of small molecule libraries using diversity‐oriented synthesis (DOS) is one approach for the discovery of biological probes and pharmaceutical agents. Rather than a single biological target used in techniques such as target‐oriented synthesis, DOS uses small molecules with stereochemical, skeletal, and building block diversity to test for biological activity using various assays. We set out to use the Huisgen cycloaddition methodology recently developed in our group to synthesize a macrocyclic triazole DOS library.

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Our approach was to utilize the backbone amide linker (BAL) solid phase lanterns. We loaded a primary amine with a propargylic functional group onto the solid phase using reductive alkylation with sodium cyanoborohydride. Then, using an amide coupling with an azido acid we installed the second functional group necessary for the pairing. With the appropriate handles in place, we screened conditions for both the copper and ruthenium variants of the catalyzed Huisgen cycloaddition to achieve skeletal diversity. We were successful in synthesizing both the 1,4 and the 1,5 model macrocyclic triazole ring systems on solid phase. This is the first example of the ruthenium intramolecular Huisgen cycloaddition on solid phase. We then used the conditions from the model macrocyclic triazole systems in order to create the library. We started by the synthesis of an alloc azido acid in order to add building block diversity as well as stereochemical diversity through its stereocenter located on the aspartic acid. Then, the alloc azido acid was incorporated into the model system on solid phase. Because of the success of these reactions, a library of diverse small molecules can be made. With the two stereocenters and triazole regioisomers, eight cores can be synthesized with 100 building blocks to produce an 800 compound library. KINETIC EVALUATION OF DUAL BINDING HUMAN ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORS Alexander Lodge*, Manza Atkinson, Elizabeth Elacqua, and Daniel Quinn University of Iowa, Department of Chemistry, Iowa City, IA 52242 Abstract Synthesis and kinetic evaluation of dual binding acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors targets both the cholinergic and β‐amyloid plaque pathways of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) treatment. Aryl‐ trifluoroketones, ladderane natural product derivatives, and paracylcophane moities have been evaluated as potential human AChE inhibitors. Dose response assays, using the Ellman1 method, of quinoline and N‐methylquinolinium aryl‐trifluoroketones showed IC50 values in the 10‐9 M range. Additionally, both aryl‐trifluoroketone moities were observed to be tight binding while only the N‐ methylquinolinium showed time dependent inhibition. Dose response assays of chiral and achiral tetrapyridyl‐5‐ladderane (TPL5) showed IC50‐ values in the 10‐6 M range. Similarly, the tetrapyridyl‐ paracylcophane (TPPCyc) and N‐methyl tetrapyridyl‐paracylcophane (N‐MeTPPCyc) showed IC50‐ values in the 10‐‐5 M and 10‐6 M range respectively. Lineweaver‐Burk analysis of N‐MeTPPCyc showed its mode of inhibition to be noncompetitive. Reference: Ellman, G.L., Courtney, K.D., Andres, V., Jr. & Featherstone, R.M. Biochem. Pharmacol. (1961), 7, 88‐95

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EQUILLIBRIUM CONCENTRATION OF AMMONIA DISSOCIATION PRODUCTS UNDER HIGH TEMPERATURES AND PRESSURES; A THEORETICAL STUDY ₁, Asia S. Jackson* and Dr. Beatriz Cardelino₂ ₁ Undergraduate Student, Spelman College, Chemistry Department, Atlanta, GA 30314 ₂ Professor of Chemistry, Spelman College, Chemistry Department, Atlanta, GA 30314 Abstract The present theoretical study predicts the equilibrium concentrations of ammonia dissociation products, under high temperatures and pressures, and when ammonia is adsorbed on an indium nitride substrate. The temperature range considered is 300 K to 1400 K, the pressure range is 1 atm to 100 atm, and the model substrate consists of 37 indium‐nitride units. The predictions are based on calculated thermodynamic properties that have been obtained using quantum mechanical calculations and statistical thermodynamics. Indium nitride semiconductors are produced by chemical vapor deposition, using flow modulation or pulsing, where alternate layers of indium and nitrogen are formed above a hot substrate. The most common source materials for this type of epitaxy are trimethylindium and ammonia. At high temperatures and pressures, both trimethylindium and ammonia dissociate in the gas phase. As temperature and pressure increase, trimethylindium and ammonia reach the substrate where the epitaxy occurs. The indium atoms create a hexagonal lattice, with the nitrogen atoms interspersed in tetrahedral spaces. Thus, all atoms of a given type are tetracoordinated with atoms of the other type. As the layers of atoms begin to build up on the substrate, the indium nitride film grows. Indium nitride exhibits an extremely high peak drift velocity at room temperature, and achieves the highest steady‐state peak velocity among all group III‐nitrides. In addition, it has the lowest effective mass for free electrons among all the group III nitride semiconductors. Therefore, there is considerable interest in indium nitride, and this study predicts the equilibrium growth parameters, starting from the source material, and assuming that the source materials reach the substrate separately. DETERMINING TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN EMULSIONS DURING MICROWAVE HEATING BY STUDYING UNDERLYING HEATING MECHANISMS OF TWO LAYERED SYSTEMS. Daryl Cunningham, Dr. Alvin P. Kennedy Morgan State University, Chemistry Department, Baltimore, MD, 21251 Abstract Microwaves are replacing conventional ovens in chemical labs because it allows rapid heating, causing reactions to occur faster and making it easy to identify the heating rates of substances like multiphase layered systems quickly. This research focuses on how microwave heating is used to measure the temperature differences between polar and non‐polar substances using mixtures of ethylene glycol, water, and hexane. The purpose of this research is to use these measurements to identify the underlying heating mechanisms of these multiphase layered systems especially in the non‐ polar region. Previous research has proven that the polar phase heats faster than the non‐polar phase. This is because the polar phase is heated by microwave radiation while the non‐polar phase heats

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through conduction and convection. The orientation of the upper and lower phase of the system determines which heating mechanism would be dominant in the non‐polar region. If the non polar phase is on the top it would be heated by convection (circulation of heat) and conduction (transfer of heat through contact) but if the non‐polar phase is on the bottom then this phase could only heat through conduction. By heating a 40 mL (20mL each substance) sample of the ethylene glycol/hexane and water/hexane mixtures it has been shown that in water/hexane mixtures, water heats up faster than hexane at a rate of about a 20 degree difference while in the ethylene glycol/hexane mixture, the ethylene glycol heats up faster than hexane at about a 40 degree difference. According to the data, the polar phase always heats faster than the non‐polar phase. Although water and ethylene glycol are both polar substances their heating rate when mixed hexane are very different. This could be because of their molecular structures and their individual interactions with the non‐polar phase. SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION STUDIES OF TUNGSTEN DOPED TITANIUM DIOXIDE Faith Dukes * Department of Chemistry, Tufts University Abstract The synthesis of anatase phase tungsten‐doped titanium dioxide (W‐TiO2) has been prepared using inorganic precursor, titanium tetrachloride, and organic precursor, titanium isopropoxide. Un‐ doped TiO2 is photoactive in the ultraviolet spectrum with a band gap of 3.2eV in its anatase form. Tungsten has been introduced as a metal dopant to reduction electron hole pair recombination with the aim of increasing activity in the visible spectrum. Ultaviolet‐Visible spectroscopy of both inorganic and organic W‐TiO2 colloids has shown activity above 400nm. Sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy has been the primary technique for investigating the surface reactions of TiO2. Two adsorption modes are observed for methanol on the surface of un‐doped TiO2 in the C‐H region of 2800 to 3000cm‐1: a molecular physisorption and a dissociative chemisorption mode. A comparative analysis between un‐doped and W‐TiO2 has been conducted to conclude if tungsten quenches dissociative adsorption as has been shown in doping with iron. The free‐OH region (3600‐3800cm‐1) has been observed to analyze changes in surface hydroxyl groups from the synthesis of organic and inorganic precursors.

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MRMP2 ACTIVE SPACE COMPARISON OF THE CIS TO TRANS ISOMERIZATION OF CYCLOHEXENE AND SUBSTITUTED CYCLOHEXENE STRUCTURES Jeffrey D. Veals* and Dr. Steven R. Davis Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, Ms 38677 Abstract For this work two effects were investigated. The first effect was how replacement of an olefinic hydrogen with a functional group would affect the geometries and π‐bond rotational barriers of each substituted structure relative to cyclohexene. The second was how a change in the multi‐ configurational self consistent field active space orbitals would affect the geometries and the π‐bond rotational barriers in all of these structures. There are two baseline parameters. Cyclohexene was the baseline structure, and CAS (4,4) was the baseline active space. It was from this point that all analysis and comparison of data began. Each Isomerization process could proceed by either a boat conformed pathway or a chair conformed pathway. The ground state geometries for each structure was computed using multi‐configurational self consistent field method. The Energetics for these pathways were computed using multi‐reference Møller‐Plesset second order perturbation theory. The first finding of interest was that having a functional group substituted in place of an olefinic hydrogen had a very small effect on the activation energy for trans to cis isomerization when comparing MRMP2/CAS(4,4) energy data . It caused a change in trans‐to‐cis activation energy by an average of ‐0.68 kcal/mol(methyl),+1.75 kcal/mol(amino),+0.87 kcal/mol(nitro‐chair),‐0.31 kcal/mol(nitro‐boat). COLORIMETRIC HOST/GUEST INTERACTIONS OF CYCLODEXTRIN/SPIROPYRAN MOLECULES Kamia Smith* and Thandi Buthelezi Wheaton College, Department of Chemistry, Norton, MA, 02766 buthelezi_thandi@wheatoncollege.edu, smith_kamia@wheatoncollege.edu Abstract The study of colorimetric cyclodextrin/spiropyran systems may yield practical applications in biology (biological fluorescence markers); optometry (photochromic lenses); and optics (development of optical shutters). Host/guest systems of cyclodextrin bound and unbound spiropyran in the condensed phase have been investigated. Under visible light irradiation, the solvated unbound spiropyran molecule (SP, closed‐ring form) is colorless, but under ultraviolet light irradiation it changes to a colored solution, merocyanine molecule (MC, open‐ring form). MC molecule absorbs visible light and converts back to SP molecule. However, the photoconversion from a colorless unbound SP form to a colored unbound MC molecule is thermally unstable. Thermodynamic and kinetic studies of host/guest interactions in the cyclodextrin/spiropyran system (bound SP form) have been investigated. Absorption and fluorescence titration experiments are carried out by holding either the concentration of the host or guest constant while varying the concentration of the other component. Association constants are determined from titration experiments. Unbound and bound SP molecules

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follow first‐order kinetics. Data suggest that the photoconversion of cyclodextrin bound SP‐inclusion complex‐to cyclodextrin bound MC is thermodynamically and kinetically favored. The observed thermal stability of the cyclodextrin bound SP or MC is possibly due to the microenvironment of the cyclodextrin cavity. FORMATION OF HYDROGEN PEROXIDE IN AQUEOUS POLYMERIC SOLUTIONS OF SULFONATED POLY ETHER‐ETHER KETONE (SPEEK)/POLY VINYL ALCOHOL (PVA) PaviElle Lockhart1, Brian Little*1, German Mills1, Lewis Slaten2 1Auburn University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn, AL 36832 2Auburn University, Department of Consumer Affairs, Auburn, AL 36832 Abstract Kinetic studies into the formation of hydrogen peroxide are essential in understanding its role as a decontaminating agent for the degradation of toxic organic chemicals. This work investigates the formation of H2O2 from air‐saturated aqueous polymeric solutions with a focus on key factors such as pH, diffusion of O2, light intensities, and quantum yields. Air‐saturated aqueous solutions of SPEEK/PVA were illuminated with 350 nm photons to generate polymeric reducing radicals via a hydrogen abstraction reaction with 3SPEEK* and PVA i.e. a hydrogen donor. Experimental evidence suggest that 2 SPEEK radicals (SPEEK•) reduce oxygen to form hydrogen peroxide. [H2O2] shows a linear increase with the quantum yield of SPEEK•, (Øi(SPEEK•) =0.018 at a pH of 7; furthermore, the quantum yield of H2O2 appears independent of light intensity. In situ measurements for the diffusion of O2 into a stirred, open vessel solution of SPEEK/PVA (ri = 4 x 10‐7 Ms‐1) were similar to the rate of O2 consumption, via reduction by SPEEK•, in a stirred, closed vessel of SPEEK/PVA solution (I0 = 3.01 x 10‐5 M(hν)/s). A steady state condition for [H2O2] was observed, at optimum conditions for SPEEK• production, and reached an equilibrium point around 200s between [O2] and [H2O2]. Preliminary studies of degassed SPEEK/PVA polymer solutions show relatively fast rates of decomposition for H2O2 which can only be attributed to a chain reaction.

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THE EFFECT OF NANOCLAY PERCENT LOADINGS ON POLYMERIZATION AND THERMAL PROPERTIES Brittany Fisher*, Dr. Alvin P. Kennedy, Chemistry Department, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD 21251 Abstract The focus of this research is to determine the effect of nanoclay percent loadings on thermal properties and polymerization processes that occur in real time. With the addition of nanoclay as a filler to form a nanocomposite, it is possible that the inclusion of the nanoclay facilitates the formation of the polymer network, which stems from the molecular geometry of the curing agent and its interaction with the epoxy and nanoclay. In addition, this research queries whether the addition of Nanomer I.28E to a thermoset composed of Epoxy Resin 825 and 4,4‐diaminodiphenylsulfone (4,4’DDS) will affect the glass transition temperature (Tg), polymerization exotherm, and the extent of reaction of the nanocomposite at various cure times. Prior research states that the addition of nanoclay to thermosets can either decrease or increase the Tg of the resulting nanocomposite, depending on the stoichiometric ratio. Higher Tgs result in materials with greater strength and higher resistance to heat. In this experiment, a Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) will be used to show how curing of the nanocomposite under a nitrogen atmosphere at the ideal stoichiometric ratio (2:1) and at 100 degrees Celsius, yields a higher Tg, higher polymerization exotherm, and a greater extent of reaction when compared to the curing of the thermoset at the same stoichiometric ratio. Results of this research have determined that the average Tg, polymerization exotherm, and extent of cure for the Epon 825/4,4’DDS thermoset and nanocomposite are comparable for the full cure; however, there is a decrease in the final Tg of the residual cure for the nanocomposite in comparison to the residual cure of the thermoset. Future research will include additional testing of the thermoset and nanocomposite at other stoichiometric ratios, longer cure times, and various percent loadings of the nanoclay. THREE‐DIMENSIONAL STUDY OF SOLID HYDROGEN FLUORIDE ENERGIES AND STRUCTURES USING MANY‐BODY PERTURBATION METHODS Olaseni Sode and So Hirata* Quantum Theory Project and The Center for Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Departments of Chemistry and Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611‐8435 Abstract A linear‐scaling electron‐correlation method based on a truncated many‐body expansion of the energies of molecular crystals has been applied to solid hydrogen fluoride. The energies and structures of the solid have been simulated employing an infinite, periodic, one‐dimensional zigzag hydrogen‐ bonded chain model in three‐dimensions upon the inclusion of the long‐range electrostatic contribution to the Madelung constant in all directions. The Hartree–Fock and second‐order Møller– Plesset have been combined with the aug‐cc‐pVDZ basis set and the counterpoise corrections of the basis‐set superposition errors. The computed structural parameters agree with the observed within 0.2 – 0.3 Å. The three‐dimensional arrangement conflicts somewhat with experiment but coincides well with previous theoretical investigations. 116

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SENDING MIXED MESSAGES: INSTRUCTORS WHO ASK STUDENTS TO SHOW THEIR WORK BUT PENALIZE THEM WHEN THEY DO Jacinta M. Mutambuki1, Herb Fynewever*2 1Western Michigan University, Department of Chemistry, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 2Calvin College, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Grand Rapids, MI 49546 Abstract This study sought to understand the beliefs that chemistry faculty hold and the practices that they follow when grading student solutions of problem. Overall, the authors were interested in examining if a conflict exists between the faculty beliefs about what they say they want to see in student’s work and the score they assign to student’s solutions. In order to elicit the faculty beliefs, five student solutions were presented to ten instructors (participants) for grading. Data were collected through one‐on‐one, 30‐60 minute, semi‐structured think‐aloud interviews. Categories and themes were developed through constant comparison of the interview transcripts. Four major themes that guided grading decisions of the faculty were identified, three of which confirm Henderson et al.’s (2004) study with physics faculty: (1) instructors desire to see student explanation of their reasoning in order to evaluate if a student understands the concepts learned; (2) instructors indicate a reluctance to deduct points from a student solution that might be correct, but do deduct points from a student solution that is explicitly incorrect; (3) instructors desire to see discipline and organization in terms of indicating units, labels, and balanced chemical equations; and (4) instructors tend to project correct thought processes onto a student solution, even when the student does not explicitly show them. The findings indicated varied levels of consistency between these faculty beliefs and the score they assigned to the student solutions. Scoring of the students’ solutions was dependent on preferential weight given to each theme by an instructor. In situations where a participant expressed at least two themes, the conflict was resolved by faculty placing a burden of proof on either the student or the instructor. In this study, all faculty appeared to advocate explication of the student reasoning as an important element in chemistry problem solving, but only a slim majority (6 out of 10) directed the burden of proof on the student rather than on the instructor.

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102

FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGY AS A MECHANISM FOR ENHANCING STUDENT LEARNING Odell Glenn Jr.*, Derrick Huggins and Mike Matthews Department of Chemical Engineering and Vehicle Management and Parking Services The University of South Carolina Abstract The University of South Carolina (USC) seeks to become a leader in environmental stewardship and sustainability by working with students, faculty, and staff to support local farmers, waste reduction, recycling, and water and energy conservation. With an initial focus on fuel cell technology (FCT), we are committed to conserving resources and reducing the impact our services and activities create on the environment. The inherent nature of a sustainability culture requires us to think and solve problems in an integrated, systematic approach. This concept requires us to begin to think about and solve problems through a systematic approach to learning. Some of the Fuel Cell Technologies include the Hydrogen Hybrid Fuel Cell Bus, Fuel Cell Light Rail Technology studies, and the Fuel Cell Score Board. These technologies strengthen USC’s capabilities to promote current learning in students. ANALYSIS OF CHEMISTRY ATTITUDES AND EXPERIENCES QUESTIONNAIRE (CAEQ)I AND RESEARCH EXPERIENCE SURVEYS AT A NEW FOUR YEAR INSTITUTION. PHASE TWO FINDINGS. Patrice Bell*, Deborah Sauder 1Georgia Gwinnett College, School of Science and Technology, Lawrenceville, GA 30043 Abstract Georgia Gwinnett College (GGC) is the first public four year college established in the U.S. in the 21st century. The chemistry faculty developed a general chemistry curriculum that fosters active learning environments, innovative use of educational technology and an integrated research experience. Due to a greater student enrollment (greater power) in the General Chemistry course, Phase Two findings suggest more substantial results. This presentation reports the second year analysis of Chemistry Attitudes and Experiences Questionnaire and research experience perspectives of first year Chemistry students. These results will provide insight on students’ perspectives of chemistry, in general, and of an embedded research experience in the general chemistry curriculum. Additionally, these perspectives will serve to inform and to guide our on‐going modifications of our new curriculum. iColl, R.K.; Dalgety, J.; Salter, D. Chem. Ed. Res. and Prac. in Europe, 2002, 3, 19‐32.

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SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF “CLICKABLE” AND ION EXCHANGED ZEOLITE Y FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS Nicholas Ndiege, Renugan Raidoo, Michael K. Schultz, Sarah Larsen* University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 Abstract Porous nanomaterials have recently become popular in biomedical research due to their multifunctional capacity. Given their low dimensions, high surface area and porosity, they are prime candidates for covalently anchored catalysts, enzymes or sensors, hence their popularity in drug delivery studies and selective imaging of biological systems. Zeolite materials can be modified through ion exchange to incorporate specific ions for enhanced/selective sensitivity to certain imaging techniques e.g. Mn3+ or Gd3+ for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). The surfaces can also be conjugated with various components (e.g. site specific moieties, drugs, fluorescent molecules) to incorporate additional functionality. This work is a proof of concept study that seeks to show the viability of NaY zeolite for the previously stated applications. NaY is exchanged with Ga3+ then subsequently functionalized with an azidopropyl moiety. The Ga3+ ions impart sensitivity for positron emission tomography to the zeolite. The azide functionalized zeolite is used as a platform for efficient 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of alkyne containing molecules via a Cu(I) catalyzed azide‐alkyne “click” reaction (CuAAC). Analytical techniques employed include ICP (Inductively Coupled Plasma), BET (Brunauer, Emmett and Teller), FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared), TGA (Thermogravimetric Analysis) and NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance). CuAAC reactions are important in various branches of organic, polymer, materials and biological chemistry.

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NOBCChE Archives

Published on Mar 29, 2010

NOBCChE 37th Annual Conference | Atlanta, GA | March 29 - April 2, 2010

The 37th Annual Conference of the National Organization for the Professional Advancement of Black Chemists and Chemical Engineers "Global Su...

NOBCChE 37th Annual Conference | Atlanta, GA | March 29 - April 2, 2010

Published on Mar 29, 2010

The 37th Annual Conference of the National Organization for the Professional Advancement of Black Chemists and Chemical Engineers "Global Su...

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