The Grand Lodge· shall hold Semi-Annual Communications; and the Grand Master, or his D:eputy in case of his absence, may, on very urgent occasions, call special meetings. When any officer of a subordinate Lodge cannot attend . the Grand Lodge, he may depute any brother, being of equal rank or superior to himself, to act for him in the Grand Lodge; and such deputation shall be under the hand and seal of the brother deputing. When the Master and . Wardens of any subordinate lodge depute the same brother to represent them, he must have attained at least the rank of Past Master. Past Grand Officers may hold offices in subordinate lodges, and this shall not deprive them· of any privilege they might claim in the 'Grand Lodge as P·ast Grand Officers. The Grand Master, Grand Senior and Junior W'ardens, Grand Treasurer and Grand Secretary shall be annually elected by ballot. The Grand Master and Grand Secretary shall appoint the.ir. deputies respectively, and until the Grand Lodge shall, by its By-Laws otherwise provide, the Grand Master shall· appoint all other officers.. In all questions which shall come before the Grand Lodge for its decision, every subordinate lodge shall be entitled to three votes, which shall not be separated, but the brethren representing such ·lodge shall agree among themselves, on which side· the votes shall be given; and every Present and Past Grand Officer and all P'ast Masters being members of this Grand Lodge shall be entitled to one vote individually, and the Grand Master, or his Deputy, when presiding, shall, whenever it is necessary, give the casting vote. The Grand Lodge .shall have power to constitute new lodges, by letters-patent under their seal. To establish an uniform mode of working throughout· the State, strictly adhering .to the ancient landmarks, usages and customs of Masonry. And in furtherance of this desirable object it shall be the duty of the Grand Master, by himself Qr some wellinfQrmed brQther by him appointed, at least once in every year, to visit every subordinate lodge under the jurisdictiQn of this Grand Lodge, .to lecture and in... struct .the brethren, and to correct such errors ~s may have obtained among them. To require from the several lodges .under their jurisdictionsuch annual dues as they shall deem necessary, to be apprQpriated for the benefit of the Craft. TQ hear and determine aU.appeals from subordinate IQdges, and tQ decide all disputes between the different lodges under· thtir jurisdiction. To demand such fees as may be deemed just and reasonable, upon granting charters constituting new lodges. xii