1
2
Crisis / Opportunity
Structure / Infill
Participants / Feedback
Critical issues cities are grappling with today, and how we intend to transform them
Strategies, structures, and tactics that foster productive possibilities
Projections, narratives, and potential futures
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Groundwork and Glossary
The following proposals have been generated in response to the Autonomous City Charter. The tools developed by the experts in AC District Three have been submitted to the appropriate AC Departments for inclusion in their respective toolkits. These strategies are intended to fulfill the performance metrics set forth by the AC Departments. Using the tactics detailed in this manual the district anticipates it will be in compliance with the following Departments Greenway, Waste, Energy, Health, and Transportaion. We have applied tools provided by experts in other districts to meet the requirements of the Data, Education, and Building Departments. We acknowledge these strategies represent a small portion of the work to be done, and we look forward to the challenges ahead.
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Bionomics The measure (and optimization) of costs and benefits associated with augmented nature
Biophilia A desire or tendency to commune with nature
Design anarchy Process of evaluating authority and planning alternatives for those that prove invalid
Ecology The relationship of living organisms to one another and their physical surroundings (this emphatically includes humans)
Energy The ability to do work. Humans capture and utilize a minuscule proportion of the energy available on this planet
Justice An ongoing process which acknowledges past, present, and embedded discrepancies in the ways resources and agency have been distributed. It strives to first bring all to the same level of opportunity, then project that equity into the future.
Footprint Traditional land area demand of a resident’s activities - flat arrays of solar panels, flat areas of farmland, etc.
Inequality An embedded condition in many of the processes and systems which govern human lives producing the uneven distribution of resources and agency across groups.
Manufactured scarcity A condition in capitalist economies which privileges exchange value over use value, resulting in the restriction of access to a good through supply
Metric Strategy The set of tools and tactics adopted by a district in the AC to meet metrics set by an AC department
Waste A byproduct of life which is considered to have no further purpose or value. When Spaniards arrived in Tenochtitlan in 1519 (the second largest city in the world at that time), the estimated population of 400,000 inhabitants produced zero waste
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4
CRISIS / OPPORTUNITY
An agile path to a just and sustainable city — leveraging the crises of ecological deficit, structural injustices, and manufactured scarcity as opportunities for radical transformation.
5
Ecological Deficit The extractive premise of capital driven urban development has generated a massive gulf between our appetite for cheap resources and the environment’s ability to absorb the impact of these practices. We established an array of strategies intended to fundamentally reshape our district’s relationship to the collection and use of resources.
GOALS Improve health by integrating nature
End linear waste streams
100% of electricity generated by renewable sources
9 sq meters of openspace/person
Divert 100% of waste from land-fills and incineration
50% of electricity generated within footprint of neighborhood
2 trees / person
Reduce waste generation to .25 lbs/ person/day
Eliminate carbon based fuel sources
METRICS
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Total area of solar panels required to generate all of New York City’s residential electricity 160,000,000,000 ft2
Total area of New York City 8,400,000,000 ft2
Structural Inequality Disparities in access to economic opportunity, clean air and water, and political representation fracture our cities along demographic fault lines. The pursuit of justice is embedded in our approach to policy and strategy.
matt
GOALS Provide financial ownership to all stakeholders in local and circular economies
Maximize role of community members in shaping their neighborhood
METRICS Create $50K of equity/person in local companies/initiatives
Ensure that there are no more than 1000 adult residents/polling station
50% of receipts captured by independent businesses
Increase adoption of metric strategies with majority support to 60%
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Median household equity of White families $260,000
Median household equity of Black families $110,000.00
Manufactured Scarcity The fabrication of scarcity facilitates the dissonant pairings of homelessness and vacant buildings, food insecurity and food waste, reliance on finite fuel sources and solar superabundance. These paradoxes are not natural laws. Our excessive demand for resources, which is at the root of the crisis of Ecological Deficit is exacerbated by inadequate and corrupt systems of distribution. We propose new means of distribution which will ease our per capita demand for resources and facilitate their just distribution.
GOALS Grow available resources and opportunity in parallel with population growth
METRICS Reduce the footprint of the residents of our district by 25% Increase productive uses of district surface areas by 75% in 10 years
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Global energy consumption per year 20 TW
Available solar energy per year 23,000 TW 11
CRISIS
matt
Ecological Deficit
GOAL Eliminate carbon based fuel sources
Improve health by integrating nature
End linear waste streams
100% of electricity generated by renewable sources
9 sq meters of open Space/ person
Divert 100% of waste from land-fills, dumping and incineration within 10 years
50% of electricity generated within footprint of city
2 trees per person
Reduce waste generation to .25 lbs/person/day
METRICS
OPPORTUNITY Restoration
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matt
Structural Inequality
Manufactured Scarcity
Create equity for stakeholders in local and circular economies
Maximize role of community members in shaping their neighborhood
Grow available resources and opportunity in parallel with population
Create $50K of equity/ person in local businesses/ infrastructure within 50 years
Ensure that there are no more than 1000 adult residents/polling station
Reduce the footprint of the residents of our district by 25%
50% of receipts captured by independent businesses
Increase adoption of metric strategies with majority support to 60%
Increase productive uses of district surface areas by 75% in 10 years
Justice
Surplus
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STRUCTURE / INFILL
Our strategies have been developed in response to investigations of existing arrangements and are comprised of tactics as diverse as authority transformations, policy briefs, generative calculations, and spatial interventions. 15
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Total ecological footprint of the United States 8.2 global hectares
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Surface Surplus Where land use limits our scope to a finite plane, surface area opens our strategies to a resource which is renewable. Plants and animals as diverse as elephants and coral reefs have evolved to take advantage of this exact premise. We propose that a focus on surface area will allow us to turn deficit to abundance, inequality to justice, and scarcity to surplus.
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FOLDS
ecological deficit
water
land
20-side icosahedron can be used to map the earth’s surface by flattening and unfolding the spherical earth.
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Two-thirds of earth’s surface is water, and the global ecological footprint is twice the size of our land area. How to fit two earths in one?
By folding triangles, surface area is multiplied and land area is minimized. The block above contains 200 tiles in a 20 tile footprint.
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Surface Area Maximization Structures can be designed to maximize their surface areas. The more area available on a building, the higher its capacity to meet energy generation, food production, rainwater filtering, and other performance standards set by the city authorities. Implementation of these strategies for 50% of existing buildings, and all new construction in the district is projected to achieve our metrics around Manufactured Scarcity within a 10 year time frame.
Cat 1 30 - 40W / ft2 surface use 500 - 600 calories / year / ft2 surface use
Cat 2 20 - 30W / ft2 surface use 300 - 500 calories / year / ft2 surface use
Cat 3 10 - 20W / ft2 surface use 200 - 300 calories / year / ft2 surface use
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PIXEL 1 Floors: Floor Area: Surface Area: Ratio:
8 21,248 35,232 1.69
PIXEL 2 Floors: Floor Area: Surface Area: Ratio:
8 22,784 38,368 1.68
TERRACE 2 Floors: Floor Area: Surface Area: Ratio:
8 24,576 37,888 1.54
ZIGGURAT Floors: Floor Area: Surface Area: Ratio:
8 22,272 20,096 .90
TERRACE 1 Floors: Floor Area: Surface Area: Ratio:
8 24,576 37,056 1.51
PIXEL 3 Floors: Floor Area: Surface Area: Ratio:
8 26,624 33,728 1.27
BOX Floors: Floor Area: Surface Area: Ratio:
8 32,768 24,576 .75
R7-A Floors: Floor Area: Surface Area: Ratio:
8 30,720 23,936 .78
STUY TOWN Floors: Floor Area: Surface Area: Ratio:
13 66,560 55,040 .83
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Eliminate carbon based fuel sources 100% of electricity generated by renewable sources Our city currently receives only 20% of its electricity from renewable sources. The rest is generated by burning a finite supply of carbon based fuels which heat our planet and pollute the air. Our neighborhood intends to shift to entirely renewable sources in the next ten years.
50% of electricity generated within footprint of neighborhood Large scale energy infrastructure is often located in rural communities, consumes biologically valuable landscapes, and creates concentrated dependencies which weaken the overall stability of the grid. By dispersing our generation infrastructure within our neighborhood, we preserve biological vitality, create economic opportunity and improve the resiliency of our electrical grid.
This transition is being supported by a multi faceted strategy — » Technical research into renewable energy sources, resulting in a suite of tools delivered to the AC energy department. » Financial support for low income households to facilitate rapid adoption of best practices for energy generation and efficiency. » The creation of an electricity distribution cooperative intented to maximize investment in new infrastructure and distribute the financial benefits of local energy generation to members
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Reflective PV 20W / ft2 36 kWh / ft2 / year
Transparent PV 15 W / ft2 22 kWh / ft2 / year
PV Tiling 15W / ft2 22 kWh / ft2 / year
Integrated PV 22W / ft2 Annual output varies
25% PV efficiency
10% PV efficiency
10% PV efficiency
22% PV efficiency
High energy capture
Mid energy capture
Mid energy capture
High energy capture
South facing walls and roofs most efficient
100% transparent
Applied to small surfaces and uneven contours that do not accomodate large panels
Directly supply power to electricity consuming infrastructure
Can be applied to windows
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ACPA ACPA is a publicly owned authority charged with distributing electricity throughout the AC. It owns and maintains electricity distribution infrastructure. Because it is publicly owned, its charter prioritizes maintenance and resource development over profits for shareholders. In most neighborhoods of the AC, over 50% of the city’s energy is generated by resident-owned infrastructure. When residents generate more than 50% of the electricity they consume, ACPA compensates the resident for the excess, which is used to offset neighborhoods with higher demand, or to offset the costs of their upstate hydro and solar plants.
EXCESS ELECTRICITY GENERATION Neighborhood compensated for electricity generated in excess of consumption.
100%
NEIGHBORHOOD UTILITIES
NEIGHBORHOOD ENERGY CONSUMPTION
50%
ACPA OWNED UTILITY PAID ENERGY @ COST
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CONTRACTUAL COMPENSATION
UTILITY BILL
ENERGY SUPPLIERS
ELECTRICITY CONSUMER
ACPA
INFRASTRUCTURE IMPROVEMENTS PROFITS ELECTRICITY DISTRIBUTION
MAINTENANCE ELECTRICITY GENERATION
CITY OWNED UTILITY @ PREMIUM
100%
NEIGHBORHOOD UTILITIES
NEIGHBORHOOD ENERGY CONSUMPTION
50%
ACPA OWNED UTILITY PAID ENERGY @ COST
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AC District 3 Function 023.A
Energy consumption
Energy consumption
500 KWh / month
350 KWh / month
Energy generation
Energy generation
0 KWh / month
600 KWh / month
ACPA bill
ACPA credit
-$200 / month
+$100 / month
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Function Summary Creates a new incentive program authorized to draw from the AC district’s discretionary fund pool (DFP) Property owners interested in renovating, retrofitting, or expanding their building may apply to receive funding to assist completion of their project
Eligibility Property owners must fall into one of the following categories » Household income of up to 80% of ACMI » Homeownership costs of at least 30% of household income, for properties valued below the median value in the entire AC » Offer 75% of rental units at 80% or less median rent of AC district » Non-profit developers and CLTs may also access these funds
Conditions Any project must include in its scope and implement at completion the following standards » AC insulation and material best practices » AC surface area optimization
Funding Funding may be distributed through the following strategies » Low interest loans drawn from discretionary fund » Interest rate determined by household income, can be adjusted » Interest earnings must be used to replenish DFP » Loans may be repaid directly by homeowner, or through agreement 3.1 with ACPA Awards may range from $5000 to $25,000 and will be determined as progressive percentages of household income
Violations In case of non-compliance with the conditions, participants will be prevented from invoking agreement 3.1, locking them out from ACPA dividends until damages are recovered.
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Nature Interventions The layout of the district integrates forests and other elements of flora in order to ensure encounters with these amenities. You don’t need to go to a park to breathe fresh air, it’s on your walk to work.
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Circular Bionomics
Oak Tree
Forest Cover = 28,000 m2 Tree Density = .5 trees/ m2 Carbon Absoprtion = 22kgs of CO2 Total Absorption = 3400 tons
Productivity Reduced during Building Place cost quality attachment construction
Design & Construction
Visual comfort Visual interest Aesthetics Lack of knowledge Requires a strong response No index or frameworks No methods Space restrictions Less life cycle than building Impact on structural stability
Visual Aspects
Lowered blood pressure
Passive solar
Creativity Thermal comfort Reduced Productivity heat gain Cognitive Indoor air efficiency quality Low energy
Building Performance
Reduced stress
Cognitive Impacts
Improved recovery
Locust Tree
Reduced Restorative anxiety potential
Health & wellbeing
Positive emotions
Emotional Impacts
Opportunities
Strengths
Biophilic Design in the neighborhood
Design restrictions
Pro-environmentalResilient toPhysical behaviour disaster activity
Social interaction
Functional GLI´FXOWLHV
Threats
Weaknesses Durability concerns Financial restrictions
Psychological barriers
Culturally diverse perception
Psychological impacts
Design restrictions
Subjective perception More land required
Financial decisions
Personal perception
Biophobia
Negative perception of nature
Visual perference Seld-esteem Satisfaction
Behavioural Impacts
High High maintenance construction cost cost
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Environmental awareness
Pine Tree
Potenital structure failures Incorrect need assessment
Task dependence
Happiness
Becoming an environmental burden Legal restrictions Land reduction for other activities Maintenance requirements
Biophilia entails a love not just for nature, but for life. By combining this lens with that of economics, it becomes evident that the benefits that natural life provide can measured financially. Healthcare savings, fertile industries, and the impacts of carbon absorption justify preventive design measures.
Bioproducts -Less toxicity -New materials -New applications -More nature compatible
Bioeconomy -Renewability -Saving fossil resources -Climate friendly -Improve productivity & sustainability
Chemicals & Materials
Water
Share, maintain,reuse, redistribute
Organic recycling Cascading remanufacturing recycling
CO2 Sun
Agriculture & Forestry
Bio-based products
Biomass
Food & Feed
Processing
Organic recycling Bioenergy & Biofuels
Smart Farming -Soil and nutrient supply -Soil, plant and animal sensors -Increase output while reducing impact on the environment -Precicion agriculture -Planting trees with higher phytoncides production
Smart Processing -Low energy -Low toxicities -Higher efficiency -Elimination of harsh chemical
Food & Feed -Food quality and safety -Food nutrients with new functionality -Functional food ingredients
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Green Policy Function 023.B
Typical section of bisoswale
Bioswales - Designed to concentrate and convey stromwater runoff while removing the debris and pollutants. - They are typically vegetated, mulched or xeriscaped. - Plants used in bioswales are: Vaccinium, Spirea, Acorus, Juncus patens, Ophiopogon.
Forest bathing - A Japenese reseach that suggest that by walking in the forest one can boost thier immune system. - Trees that produce maximum phytoncides are used in the forest area. - The tree spieces here are: Oak, Locust, Pine, Onion, Garlic, Cedar, Tea, etc.. - Benefits of forest bathing: boosts immune system, Protection against diabetes, better sleep and decreased risk of heart attack
A Biophilic City - Integrating nature into the neighborhood - Forest bathing being one of the essential strategy - Residential and Commercial zones are placed in a way that one has to go through the forest - Open space upto 29,000 sq mts.
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Function Summary Create a funding pool to aid in growing trees and mandate water run-off be handled in green systems rather than gray.
Intended outcomes: Long term outcome: cutting the healthcare cost by 35%-50%. Water runoff in bioswale helps purifying the water in the most natural way. Every resident will be going through the forest for their daily activity resulting in better health.
Conditions: Any home owner living in the AC must be planting one tree every year All the property owners should actively participate in the bioproducts production Trees with maximum carbon absorption should be planted. i.e., oak, pine, locust, cedar 100% water runoff should happen in bioswale.
Funding: Funding will be distributed in different stages Initially the cost of the trees will be funded by the healthcare and insurance Later as per the criteria every property owner is responsible
Violations: if a resident fails to plant a tree the Green policy department plants it but the healthcare charges will increase by 5%. In case of violations of the conditions, the resident will be liable to participate in most of the forest activities (community services)
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Wasted Opportunities Based on the make-up of New York Cities current waste stream, the neighborhood waste facility is divided into sections to process, repurpose, and recycle material. The largest category of waste, organic matter, is sent directly to the adjacent agricultural reserve. The employee-owned operation creates financial equity in the local, circular economy.
Divert 100% of waste from land-fills, dumping and incineration within 10 years Reduce waste generation to .25 lbs/person/day
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Visualizing an individual’s, and a city’s waste aggregated over time at the U.S average of 2.4 lbs/person .day.
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The sorting facility harvests and repurposes all types of municipal waste, creating local circular economies. NYC Waste Stream
Organics, 31%
Non-Divertable, 26%
Textiles, 6%
E-Waste, Hazardous, and Other, 4%
Metal, Glass, and Plastics, Paper/Cardboard, 18% 15%
A waste collection vehicle is operated with a human counterpart and sized according to waste flow.
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Waste Authorities The multiple levels of regulation and and overlapping collection routes pose weakenesses in the existing systems which govern waste.
AUTONOMOUS CITY CIRCULAR PEOPLE
waste
BUSINESSES
waste
sorting
COLLECTION garages vehicles
recylable production
AUTONOMOUS CITY
RESOURCE STATIONS
drivers
incentives
policy
sorting
disincentives regulations NYC AUTHORITIES LINEAR PEOPLE
waste
sorting
garages trucks drivers
BUSINESSES
waste
sorting
CARTERS
disposable production
GOVERNMENT
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garages trucks
EPA DOEC
policy
DSNY
infrastructure
drivers COLLECTION
TRANSFER
Neighborhood waste centers are a data point where collective sorting efforts can be tracked and rewarded.
reprocessing repurposing composting experimenting
profits products
recycling
STATIONS
DISPOSAL
exports incinerators landfills dumping
The authorities around waste are restructured to incentivize less wasteful production and allow neighborhood waste cooperative to capitalize on waste as a resource.
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Bureau of Planned Obsolescence AC Function 0.24B
Styrofoam .60 CF
Cardboard .08 CF
BPO
Mo
bile
Sca
nni
ng
Product
Waste
Tax Rate
Tax Owed/Unit
Cardboard:
.08 CF
.05
$0.04
Styrofoam:
.60 CF
5.0
$3.00
TOTAL:
.68 CF
40
$3.04
Product .32 CF
Function Summary The creation of a Bureau for Planned Obsolescence (BPO), which mandates that producers of waste define the life-cycle of their products and packaging and levies taxes on the amount of materials which are not recyclable.
Applicability and Requirements Businesses producing goods in excess of 10,000 pounds net weight per year or $1,000,000 in revenue will be required to report to the BPO. Reporting is conducted mobily through the BPO Application. Virtual scanning is used to register products and packaging dimensions which are uploaded to a stock database and joined with the sales data associated with those products. Manufacturers producing goods in excess of 100,000 pounds or $5M are required to report the decomposable elements of their products. The manufacturer is responsible for legibly describing those elements based on their knowledge of the design and supply systems. These reports are sent to the BPO who reviews and performs audits to ensure compliance. Approved reports are uploaded to the database.
Taxes The information acquired in these two processes is used to tax producers of waste products and associated packaging. Rates are defined by the detrimental level of the material and multiplied by the total weight of that material which is not recycled.
Funding The formation of the BPO is estimated to cost $5,000,000 and take 3 years to begin operation. These start-up costs are funded from the AC Charter, but after start-up the bureau should repay this cost and sustain itself financially via the taxes levied on waste. Most infrastructure is digital, but some agents are available for assistance, monitoring, and enforcement.
Violations Erroneous reporting can be remedied within 90 days of notice with a fee of 5% of the tax burden. If fraudulent reporting is discovered, the BPO will send their audit report to local law enforcement agencies and recommend charges be filed.
Transparency Data collected on the producers of waste is made publicly available with the aim of generating more informed consumers.
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PARTICIPANTS / FEEDBACK
The priorities and strategies we have generated reflect an analysis of how to improve our district now. It is critical to establish representation and knowledge infrastructures which equip residents with the means to address future challenges. 43
Increasing the influence of the majority At present, there is almost no correlation between majority public opinion and the successful adoption of policy. While District three continues to comply with the performance standard set by AC department, we intend to provide our residents with maximum influence over how we meet those goals. Our initial strategies involve outreach and opportunity.
Engage App This tool is designed in collaboration with Make the Road and Center for Urban Pedagogy. It provides information on upcoming elections and referenda, a portal to the district’s performance tracking data, alerts users of deadlines and time sensitive issues, and can be used by the district to conduct surveys to gauge public opinion and awareness. Accounts are created automatically when a resident becomes registered to vote and is accessible inapp or in a standard browser.
Increased opportunities for engagement Direct referendums on changes to the district’s adopted strategies will occur on an annual basis.
Data Broadcasting In tandem with the Engage App, the city will utilize publicly visible boards to share critical performance data, political engagements, and other district-centric data.
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Polling Locations
Polling site
1000 residents
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AC district staff will collaborate with BOE authorities, local co-ops, educational facilities, and greenway amenities to ensure that there is a polling station for at most every 1000 residents. This is intended to reduce wait times at polling stations and decrease travel time to and from voting. Distribution of polling sites will be reassessed every four years.
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Bolster Independent Businesses Independent businesses return almost 50% of their revenue to other local businesses. Larger chain stores return only 14%, concentrating wealth in the hands of those corporations, while extracting earned capital from the district. We aim to keep that capital flowing. Independent businesses are also proven to generate more economic activity per square foot than larger scale box stores. Our approach to strengthen independents is low cost and flexible.
PSA Style promotions The neighborhood will leverage its data broadcasting infrastructure to provide information and promotion of independent businesses in the district.
Privileged locations The district will provide no cost permits to independent vendors wishing to use park and greenway land for portable commerce. No fee is issued until annual revenues exceed district AMI, at which point a 5% sales tax will be levied.
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Data Broadcasting
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The results of these efforts are measured and disseminated to the neighborhood’s citizenry from a data broadcasting center. Displays indicate municipal waste metrics, air and water pollution levels, and provides public information such as a repository of great speeches. The broadcasting center hosts servers and forum for this purpose. A data governance board is formed locally and agrees on key metrics and humanistic collection methods. As a basic right, an individual must consent to their private data being collected. Voluntary data can be supplied to address key issues and public data is used to expose excessive behavior.
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The Equity in the Machine
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Through just financial structures, a politically accountable system, and technical expertise, our district intends to infuse all our strategies with the pursuit of justice.
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Appendix
To generate 100% of our current electricity usage with solar panels applied to both rooftops and facades, 12,800,000,000 ft2 of land would be required
solar
wind
energy
calories consumption governance methane
data
agriculture emissions
food
solar nutrition
nutrition
feedback production scraps quantities compost
trimmings
health
municipal
green space
waste
education
emissions water
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Mapping synergy in original neighborhood merger.
Maxing out surface use as an example of strategy in full effect.
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32
Av
Po
Po
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lati
on
45
,00
pu
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on
-1
,00
Ind era
ge
ho
use
ho
ld -
ivid
ua
x32
mo
du
le
l
2.4
0
0
To produce 100% of our calorie consumption from corn alone, the most productive crop species, each person would need approximately 400 SF of surface area.
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Corn 15,000,000 calories/acre/year 32’x32’ = 966 calories/day
Potatoes 10,000,000 calories/acre/year 32’x32’ = 644 calories/day
Soy 6,000,000 calories/acre/year 32’x32’ = 386 calories/day
C-4 photosynthesis unique among 3% of plants processes CO2 at a highest efficiency
Potatoes are second most calorie productive food source, behind corn.
Soy is provides most protein per acre among all food sources.
Cattle Meat: 89,000 calories/acre/year 32’x32’ = 6 calories/day Milk: 64 calories/day
Chickens Meat: 35,000 calories/acre/year 32’x32’ = 97 calories/day Eggs: 43 calories/day
Fallow 0 calories/acre/year 32’x32’ = 0 calories/day
Each head of cattle needs at least 1.5 acres of graze land, or 64 more of these squares.
Highest calories per acre meat is corn-fed pigs at 2,000,000 per acre/year
Allowing land to rest is essential in maintaining a health and diverse bio-mass.
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TRADITIONAL “WHAT GETS BUILT” FLOW
ULURP
PROFIT POTENTIAL
DEVELOPER
PERMITTING CONCESSIONS
COMMUNITY BOARD
MIH
CITY COUNCIL
POPS
REGS
INVESTOR
VARIANCE
ARCHITECT
PLOT SIZE/ LOCATION
FIRE CODE
DOB
ZONING LAWS
WHAT GETS BUILT
AS OF RIGHT DCP LAND USE FAR
INCENTIVES
PROPOSED “WHAT GETS BUILT” FLOW PERCEIVED DEMAND
DEVELOPER
INVESTOR
POTENTIAL SURFACE AREA
MIN SAFETY REGS
FDNY
DOH
DOB
ARCHITECT
SURFACE USE COUNCIL
CITY DEV CORP
DOE
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DOT
DOE
DOH
DOH
REFERENDUMS
DOS
CITY VALUE STANDARDS
WHAT GETS BUILT
ZONING
DOB CONSERVATION CODE CONSTRUCTION CODE ELECTRICAL CODE
DCP
CITY AGENCIES LPC FDNY
DEP
NY STATE
FUEL LOBBYISTS
NY-SUN
BUILDING OWNER CAPITAL CREDIT
INSTALLING SOLAR PANEL ON NYC BUILDING CONTRACTOR PANEL SUPPLIER
STAKEHOLDER FIELDS
FUEL SUPPLIERS
CONED
ENERGY SUPPLIERS
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knowledge values
personal
shared
imagination
beliefs ideas
labor culture informal
media propaganda
recreation
mmunity
needs
service
advertising
markets
ideas
shipping
protests
taxes production
NGOs
real estate
lobbyists
capital regulations certificates
standards planning
religion
subsidies
science
revenue
funding
insititutions
government law enforcement regulations elections
education professions
relationships
COMMU
SUN
recreation beliefs FOOD
PROFIT DRIVEN PRIVATE DEVELOPMENT idea ENERGY
SUPPLY Markets
HUMAN
Feasibility
DEMAND
vote
Regulations
AIR
find
WATER
EQUITY purchase
LAND
imagination
ENVIRONMENT
work
DATA
MEDIA
hire architect zone job
hire
DEBT wages
Marketing
SELL IT 5-10 years
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SELL IT AGAIN 10-?? years
AND AGAIN... ?-? years
RE-DO ????
JOBS FOR 250
energy food
HOMES FOR 250
technology
SERVICES FOR 250
BUILDING SUPPLY REVENUE growth limits
REDEVELOPMENT JOBS HOMES
SERVICES choice
approval
RELIGION
UNITY
STATE
PROFESSIONALS
FEDERAL
UNIVERSITY GOVERNMENT
INSITUTIONS
taxes NATIONS
regulations
organizations
POLITICS
justice
CITY
WORLD
subsidies
pollution MARKETS
CONFLICT
LOCAL
NATURE CAPITAL
production
COMPANIES
coroporations
extraction
Mapping the authorities and complex web of complicity.
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Alden Copley is in the Masters of Urban design program and is generally optimistic.
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Swara Desai is in the Masters of Science in Architecture program and loves travel.
Matthew Morgan is in the Masters of Architecture program. When not at work he is likely to be found roaming about the city.
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THE END
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SURFACE AREAS
City College of New York Spitzer School of Architecture Unit 26 - Fall 2020
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