Leiden architectural guide - 1 day

Nuria Martínez Martínez / Alberto Carbonell Crespí / Jones Egbe / Joanna Konstanty Adam Cunningham / Mateo Bernabeu Carbonell / Callum McLellan / Ricky Spivey

L E I D E N - N L architectural guide Excursion Dutch Architecture 22th April 2016

22th April 2016

Excursion Dutch Architecture

architectural guide L E I D E N - N L

Adam Cunningham / Mateo Bernabeu Carbonell / Callum McLellan / Ricky Spivey Nuria Martínez Martínez / Alberto Carbonell Crespí / Jones Egbe / Joanna Konstanty

April 2016 Oh my god, here it is, our first study trip!

We proudly present the booklet for our day trip to Leiden, a beautiful Dutch town around 45 minutes south west of Amsterdam. Our day will of course revolve around the traditional and modern architecture here, but also the history of Leiden and some bits of new town planning. We will bike, marvel, understand, laugh and hopefully also enjoy the good weather outside! If (heaven forbid!) it’s raining, we will do an alternative route with more indoor time. But let’s hope for the best!

With this in mind, we hope to have a great time here and learn a lot today.

Leiden, here we come!

Your trip team: Jones, Nuria, Alberto, Mateo, Adam, Callum, Joanna, Ricky, Thaia, and with the friendly help of our lecturer Janfrans van der Eerden

DAY SCHEDULE

Meeting at the Centraal Station (Amsterdam)

07:40

Train to Leiden

07:58 - 08:12

Bike rent

08:40 - 09:00

Tour

09:00 - 13:00

Lunch/Break

13:00 - 14:00

Tour

14:00 - 19:00

CONTENT

Introduction >City >Urban history >Historic maps >Historical growing >Differents districts >Building Index

>National Museum of Ethnology // OD205 >Het Arsenaal // Tjeerd Dijkstra Architects >Stable Conversion // Sara Antunes & Mário Ferreira >Community College ROC// RAU >Two Sports Centers Boshuizerkade// René van Zuuk >Bandstand the Water Lily// Anneke Janson >Cementery Rhijnhof Leiden >Corpus Museum of the Human Body// Wolbrand van der Vis of PBV Architecten >Bio Partner// JHK Architecten >Mirai house// UNStudio > Centre for Human Drug Research// cepezed >LUMC Educational Building// EGM ARCHITECTEN >Naturalis Museum// Neutelings Riedijk Architecten > Tea house “TUIN VAN NOORD”// GAAGA > Corner House// Marc Koeheler Architects, Sophie Valla > Stripe House// GAAGA > V-House// GAAGA > V23K16// Pasel Kuenzel >House NL III// GAAGA > Meelfabriek// Peter Zumthor > Museum Boerhaave// STUDIO M10 >Terras Annies Verjaardag// JHK Architecten

>Map & Itinerary >Buildings >Appendix

THE CITY Leiden is a city and municipality in the Dutch province of South Holland. The municipality of Leiden has a population of 122,565, but the city forms one densely connected agglomeration with its suburbs Oegstgeest, Leiderdorp, Voorschoten and Zoeterwoude with around 190,000 inhabitants.

Leiden is located on the Old Rhine, at a distance of some 20 kilometres from The Hague to its south and some 40 kilometres from Amsterdam to its north. The recreational area of the Kaag Lakes lies just to the northeast of Leiden.

A university city since 1575, Leiden houses Leiden University, the oldest university of the Netherlands, and Leiden University Medical Center. It is twinned with Oxford, the location of England’s oldest university.

CITY MAP

URBAN HISTORY Leiden was formed on an artificial hill (today called the Burcht van Leiden) at the confluence of the rivers Oude and Nieuwe Rijn (Old and New Rhine). In the oldest reference to this, from circa 860, the settlement was called Leithon. The name is said to be from Germanic *leitha- “canal�.[6] Leiden has in the past erroneously been associated with the Roman outpost Lugdunum Batavorum. This particular castellum was thought to be located at the Burcht of Leiden, and the city’s name was thought to be derived of the Latin name Lugdunum. However the castellum was in fact closer to the town of Katwijk, whereas the Roman settlement near modern-day Leiden was called Matilo.[7] The landlord of Leiden, situated in a stronghold on the hill (motte), was initially subject to the Bishop of Utrecht but around 1100 the burgraves became subject to the county of Holland. This county got its name in 1101 from a domain near the stronghold: Holtland or Holland.

Leiden was sacked in 1047 by Emperor Henry III. Early 13th century, Ada, Countess of Holland took refuge here when she was fighting in a civil war against her uncle, William I, Count of Holland. He besieged the stronghold and captured Ada. Leiden received city rights in 1266. In 1389, its population had grown to about 4000 persons.

The Map on the upper right hand Conner illustrates the main rail lines in Lieden, new canals in the east, first industries around the historic center in the north and east and the old and new academic hospital (the largest in the country).

HISTORICAL GROWING

DIFFERENTS DISTRICTS NIEUW LEIDEN

Nieuw Leyden is a modern housing neighbourhood in Leiden-Noord district, northern side beyond old city centre. The masterplan was designed by MVRDV studio.

The main idea was to create a neighbourhood, where every occupant can design his own house. It creates the special, unique design of the district. Each building has its individual appearance.

ROODENBURGERDISTRICT The Housing in Roodenburgerdistrict of Leiden, the Professorenwijk-Oost Neighbourhood is one of the modern housing neighbourhoods in the city. The general plan consists of regular rectangles, right angled net.

Two ‘complexes’ of houses are angled a bit one to another. The neighbourhood has some focal points, like squares and some high-raising residential building from North and West sides.

In comparison with Nieuw Leyden, the neighbourhood is also very modern, but is much more united in visual point, buildings are designed in the same style, everyone almost identical to the others.

ROOMBURG DISTRICT The Roodenburgerdistrict is the largest district of Leiden. It lies in the southwest of Leiden and consists of the districts Garden City district, Meerburg Lammenschans Triangle Neighborhood Fruit, Professorenand Burgemeesterswijk, Roomburg, the Waard Island and Zeeheldenbuurt. There are more than 21,000 Leideners and there are also many companies and jobs (Small 8000).

In the seventeenth century Roomburg was completely drained, partly excavated for brick production, and used well into the twentieth century agriculture. In 1912 the Vliet and Cream Burger Wetering made the Rhine-Schie canal, and in 1962 was built on the northern tip of the Meerburg district. In the nineties, is south of a former landfill (the Hunchback) set up a business.

Between 2003 and 2009 were built between Bult and Meerburg 957 new homes, nearly half of high-rise buildings. The archaeological seen most valuable part of the area remains free of buildings and opened in 2013 as archaeological park Matilo .

CITY ZONE 1 1. National Museum of Ethnology 2. Het Arsenaal 3. Stable Conversion 4. Community College ROC 5. Two Sports Centers Boshuizerkade 6. Bandstand the Water Lily

CITY ZONE 2 7. Cementery Rhijnhof Leiden 8. Corpus Museum of the Human Body 9. Bio Partner 10. Mirai house 11. Centre for Human Drug Research 12. LUMC Educational Building 13. Naturalis Museum

CITY ZONE 3 14.Tea house “TUIN VAN NOORD” 15. Corner House 16. Stripe House 17. V-House 18. V23K16 19. House NL III

CITY ZONE 4 20. Meelfabriek 21. Museum Boerhaave 22. Terras Annies Verjaardag

BUILDINGS

CITY ZONE 1 >National Museum of Ethnology // OD205 Steenstraat 1,2312 BS Leiden

>Het Arsenaal // Tjeerd Dijkstra Architects Arsenaalstraat 1, 2311 CT

>Stable Conversion // Sara Antunes & MĂĄrio Ferreira Rapenburg 70, 2311 EZ Leiden

>Community College ROC // RAU Kanaalpark 45, 2321 JV Leiden

>Two Sports Centers Boshuizerkade // RenĂŠ van Zuuk Churchilllaan, 2321 Leiden

>Bandstand the Water Lily // Anneke Janson Houtlaan 100, 2334 CL Leiden

1 . NAT I ON AL M US EUM O F E T H N O LO G Y A rchitec t : O D 2 0 5 Ye a r o f c o m p l e t i o n : 2001

Based on the 1993 preliminary study into the possibilities for adequate accommodation for this museum and a spatial and technical improvement of quality of the existing group of buildings, it was decided to radically renovate the buildings and site.

The permanent and temporary exhibitions have been moved to the former university teaching hospital (architect: H.F.G.N. Camp), while the outdoor exhibition has been moved to the museum’s gardens. So far, the threshold-lowering sculpture garden has not been realised. The supporting staff facilities have been realised in the former building for Pathological Anatomy (architect: J. Lokhorst), whose eastern wing (which was lost in WWII) has been restored.

The choice for a distributed organisation has the added advantage that the different buildings contrast with one another in terms of functionality. This also positively contributes to the flexibility. Responsible project architects within OD 205 were Martien Jansen and Roy Lim.

Plans

2 . HET ARSENA AL A rchitec t : T j e e rd D i j k s t r a Arc h ite c ts Ye a r o f c o m p l e t i o n : 1981

· Project year - 1979/1981 · Location - University of Leiden (Arsenaalstraat 1, Leiden) · Restoration. Educational building. · Patio with glass roof and its wooden structure has only one support.

After WWII Target barracks was lifted. The building was a few years the property of Leiden University. The oldest eastern portion was then built close. Between 1979 and 1981 the western part of the building was also underway. Architect Tjeerd Dijkstra designed a special roof: a glass roof supported by a glued wooden construction which supports converge at the center of the courtyard. It’s Tjeerd Dijkstra which the building called ‘The Arsenal’ gave. Since 1981, the Languages and Cultures of Japan, Korea and China gehuisvestigd in the Arsenal. Surrounding the charming courtyard offices and lecture halls located. Also, the East Asia Library to find. The entrance is located on the first floor.

Plans

3 . S TABLE C ONVER SI ON A rchitec t : S A M F S a r a A n tu n e s & Mรก r io Fe r re ir a Arqu ite c tos Year of c o m p l e t i o n : 2010 L o c a t i o n : Universiteit Leiden, Rapenburg 70, 2311 EZ Leiden, The Netherlands A rea: 140.0 sqm

This house in Leiden, NL, is integrated into a large 17th century stable whose use has been altered to accommodate six different houses. In this long process of residential occupation, internally, the original clarity and direct quality of the construction had been lost. The renovation essentially sought to clear the space, which was excessively partitioned, so as to regain a unified vision of the house and rediscover its character and spatial qualities.

In the ground floor, the kitchen and living space form a large open space, concentrating the functional areas and places to stay along the perimeter. The walls are thus given a new thickness with built-in cabinets for the kitchen, a secret storage space under the staircase and a stove to gather around.

Above the bedrooms in the first floor is the attic which is the most surprising element of the house. It is reached by a cramped spiral staircase, and before you access the main space, you enter a small, confined, wood covered box. This is the technical area of the house, with the heating system, washing machines and a working table. By contrast, the living area is open and white, except for the old roof beams, dark and rough.

Again, all the storage space was placed along the edges, close to the floor, under the horizontal beams. Over the entrance box is a gable-shaped space that can be used as a bedroom, which is accessed by vertical ladder.

Because the roof structure was built for a single building, which has been sliced into six, at first it is hard to understand the logic of its construction, especially in this case where the roof occupies one corner of the original rectangle. But part of its interest lies precisely in trying to reconfigure in our head, from the intricate three-dimensional structure of struts and beams that we perceive, the overall design.

Plans

4 . COM M U N I T Y C O L L E G E R O C A rchitec t : R A U Ye a r o f c o m p l e t i o n : 2011

Imagine: take the small buildings located on a huge college campus that are currently spread across the grounds at considerable distance from one another and stack them to form five sloping towers on three different large tables. By doing so you would gain outdoor space for squares. Then you could group the individual buildings on and around the tabletops. This would create the interior courtyards.

The result would not be a single building; instead, it would be a vertical city consisting of all sorts of small buildings, connected by markets and slopes. There are staggered squares not only in front of the building, but also inside the building, with greenery and shops. Escalators provide access to the most central market in the middle of the building, where the library and information centre are located. The various activities are grouped around these markets, meeting places and cross pollination. Together, all of the tenants form the ‘ROC city’.

Plans

5 . TW O SPORT S C E N T ER S B O S H U IZ E R K A DE A rchitec t : R e n é v a n Z u u k Arc h ite kte n Ye a r o f c o m p l e t i o n : 2012

The municipality of Leiden wanted to replace an old sports facilities in Leiden with a new complex which would separate the youth football association from the Leiden sports company. The position and footprint of the pavilions were predetermined by Buro Sant who were responsible for the urban design.

Due to the wide variety of users it was important to strike a balance in harmony between the two pavilions. The first pavilion is dedicated to Football. With the changing rooms on the ground-floor and the canteen and office function on the first floor, the canteen has a stretched glass façade which focuses on the playing fields. On the other side of the canteen has another glass façade which connects the pavilion visually to the surrounding neighborhood.

Interaction is more apparent in the second pavilion where there is a glass façade running alongside the street, this wall is also the dividing wall that separates it from the youth soccer association. At ground level the amenities are shared between the pavilions.

Plans

6 . B AN D STAND T H E WAT E R L I LY A rchitec t : A N N E K E J A N S O N Ye a r o f c o m p l e t i o n : 1998

The federation of Dutch Architects organized for her members a contest to design a new bandstand in a park in Leiden. The contribution ‘The Water Lily’ of Anneke Janson was by the jury and the public voted as winner.

The design was built in 1998 and is being used as a platform for both dance and music performances.

The design is described as third sphere between the green and the water. Striking is the vaulted roof, an outwardly opened construction of five ‘hypar scales’. Further invites the open roof to listen, especially at some distance on the banks of the water

Plans

BUILDINGS

CITY ZONE 2 > Cementery Rhijnhof Leiden// cepezed Laan te Rhijnhof 4,2332 HZ Leiden

> Corpus Museum of the Human Body // Wolbrand van der Vis of PBV Architecten Willem Einthovenstraat 1,2342 BH Oegstgeest

> Bio Partner // JHK Architecten J.H. Oortweg 21,2333 CH Leiden

> Mirai house // UNStudio Sylviusweg 62, 2333 Leiden

> Centre for Human Drug Research// cepezed Zernikedreef 8, 2333 CL

> LUMC Educational Building// EGM ARCHITECTEN Hippocratespad 21, 2333 ZD

> Naturalis Museum// Neutelings Riedijk Architecten Darwinweg 2,2333 CR Leiden

7 . CE M E N T E RY R H I J N H O F L EI D EN A rchitec t : c e p e z e d Ye a r o f c o m p l e t i o n : 2015

The 18th century country Rhijnhof, located at the Leiden Rhine, was transformed in 1906 to cemetery.

Central is a scenic pond with old trees. Early 90s is a new building located at the rear of the property The old cemetery is partly renovated, the main structures, multiple lanes, are the basis and the water features with new bridges, also designed by Copijn, play an important role.

A very special urnenmuur, designed by Copijn, winds like a snake wall at the edge of the area.

From 2005, the expansion Veldheim is realized that the main building has become central to lie down, and a new access and parking are realized also, there are basement digging, Muslim -. And children’s graves created new ponds and a second urnenmuur The parts that could not yet be cleared, be implemented in phases until 2015.

In 2006, the cemetery centenary celebrated with concerts in Leiden, an exhibition and music at the cemetery itself.

Plans

CREMATORIUM AND CEMETERY Rhijnhof crematorium located in the beautiful cemetery on the Avenue to Rhijnhof 10 in Leiden. An impressive place to say goodbye to your loved one. In 2016, our building will undergo a metamorphosis, so we could have a funeral at our disposal

8 . CORPU S M US E UM O F T H E H UMA N B O DY A rchitec t : Wo l b r a n d v a n de r Vis of PB V Arc h ite c te n Ye a r o f c o m p l e t i o n : 2008 A d res s : Willem Einthovenstraat 1,2342 BH Oegstgeest

This may be the strangest museum I’ve ever seen. Looks more like something you would find in Las Vegas or Disney World rather than on the side of a highway 35km from Amsterdam. The Corpus Museum offers its guests an excursion through the human body during which they can see, feel, and hear how the body works. The building, designed by architect Wolbrand van der Vis of PBV Architecten, even has a 5D-heart theater where you, the audience, are a red blood cell. The journey begins at the knee and continues through the uterus (I guess it’s a woman then), the stomach, intestines, the mouth, and finally ending in the brain.

Plans

9 . BIO PARTNER A rchitec t : J H K A rc h i t e c t e n Ye a r o f c o m p l e t i o n : 2012

BioPartner Accelerator & Incubator are two buildings that were developed within a Design & Build construction for BioPartner Center Leiden by Dura Vermeer Bouw in partnership with JHK Architecten.

Together the buildings provide 11,500 m2 of office and laboratory space for starting or restarting entrepreneurs in the bio-technology industry. Flexible work areas have been realized that offer space and opportunities to companies involved in research into medicines and vaccines. BioPartner Center Leiden Nederland is the largest centre for starters in the life sciences in the Netherlands.

The buildings have been arranged in a very compact way. The spaces that are not dependent on daylight and the technical services are located in the core. The compact form makes a convenient form factor possible: more floor and less faรงade. This solution turns out to be economical and durable.

The buildings have a very clear floor plan; due to the natural lay-out, there are no dead-ends and none of the tenants is situated at the end of the corridor. In addition, they are extremely flexible to arrange. Units are possible in all sorts of dimensions, and they can easily be combined as well. The installations are also designed to cater to this degree of flexibility. The air supply enters via a central shaft in the ceilings and air extraction is provided by decentralized vertical outlet shafts. As a result, only short channel lengths are required and crossed lines are avoided as much as possible.

The similar design and alignment of the two buildings creates a powerful ensemble, which is further accentuated by the consistent use of materials, clear horizontal segmentation and high-quality detailing. The omni-directional design of the buildings ensures that there are no rear or side elevations and every faรงade is presented as frontage.

Plans

1 0 . M I RAI HOUS E A rchitec t : U N S t u d i o Ye a r o f c o m p l e t i o n : 2013

Glass facades are employed to provide sufficient daylight, whilst also creating open visual communication throughout the structure. The building frame integrates into one gesture three sections of varying heights, which together encircle an inner courtyard garden. Covering six floors on the west side of the building are the office spaces. A restaurant with a roof terrace is located on the lower floor of this area. The Eastern section of the building houses four floors of laboratories. The main entrance to the building is located on the South East and employs the concept of the hotel lobby to comfortably welcome employees and visitors from home and abroad. The floor to ceiling glass facades and large skylights of the expansive, 3.7 meter high lobby area provide visual links to both the inner garden and the surrounding street life. The Western side of the lobby area houses seating areas and meeting rooms. Direct access to the inner garden, which is based on traditional enclosed Japanese gardens, is possible from all three sections of the building. Parking is provided at street level to the East of the building and in a sunken parking garage underneath the main structure. The ground floor of the building is raised to a height of 1.7 meters and is accessed by steps which lead to the lobby area from street level. The floor plans in the interior are flexible and based on the campus concept, where emphasis is placed on communication.

Glass and aluminium are the main materials used in the faรงade of the Astellas building in order to provide a lightweight structure which requires less material usage in its foundations. Lamellas are incorporated on each level of the faรงade in order to deflect direct sunlight. The glass panes are further coated to additionally reduce heat load to the interior. On the Northern side of the building, where sunlight is less prevalent, floor to ceiling glass is employed, with 4cm deep lamellas. The South and East/West facades respectively are furnished with lamellas with a depth of 30cm and 20cm. Parapets of 90cm are also employed on these facades in order to further reduce direct sunlight penetration. The building as a whole has an 89%-90% net to gross floor ratio, with an underground energy storage system further reducing energy usage. Colour is introduced into the faรงade by means of a vertical variation in the four contrasting tones of the Japanese Manga animation films.

Plans

1 1 . C E NT RE F O R H UM A N D R UG R E SE A R C H A rchitec t : c e p e z e d Ye a r o f c o m p l e t i o n : 2013 A d res s : Zernikedreef 8,2333 CL Leiden

The new building consists of a volume measuring 22.5 by 34 metres, with eight layers above ground and an underground car park. From front to back, the building is divided into three unequal strips. The foremost strip along the Zernikedreef contains the entrance, reception desk and a modest auditorium on the ground floor. Above these are the meeting rooms and offices, as well as the testing areas and a roof terrace with garden.

The central strip is an amenity zone with toilets, two completely transparent lifts and two linked cascade staircases that also function as escape route. The strip at the rear contains the company restaurant with faรงades that can be opened for the most part and a generous void, a high-care zone, a research laboratory with a pharmacy connected to it, a dark room and various storage and freezing facilities. The top floor consists of sleeping quarters for long-term stays with a living room adjoining the roof garden.

The loadbearing construction consists of a slender steel skeleton combined with hollow-core slab floors. The faรงades have been implemented fully flush; on the north side they are made completely of glass and on the other sides with a horizontal articulation of alternating strip windows equipped with sections that can be opened, and sandwich panels with a white enamelled glass exterior plate. A solar panel heats the boiler water, while for heating and cooling, the building is linked to a district heating system covering the entire business park, which in turn is connected to a geothermal heat storage system. For the CHDR design, use was made of an integral Building Information Model, which allowed the various consultants to tailor their design to each other well.

Plans

1 2 . L U M C E D UC AT I O N A L B UI L D I NG A rchitec t : E G M A R C H I T E CTE N Ye a r o f c o m p l e t i o n : 2006

This educational building provides facilities for various disciplines in the medical field. In the design, anatomy takes centre stage. The middle of the building presents anatomical specimens, skeletons and framed reproductions from the unique collection of the Anatomical Museum of Leiden University Medical Center. In the design for this building, we used the metaphor of an old wooden cupboard being rebuilt into a display case; one with various visible special functions.

The main components are designed independently and covered with a glass skin that serves as a weather screen and sound buffer. The golden-brassy lecture hall, concrete coloured educational centre and wooden museum are recognizable in the gigantic display case that is the Educational Building. The exceptional spaciousness, layering and use of materials are the most impressive features of this building.

Plans

1 3 . N AT U RAL I S M US E UM A rchitec t : N e u t e l i n g s R i edijk Arc h ite c te n Ye a r o f c o m p l e t i o n : 2018 A d res s : Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden

The current museum building from 1998 also needs to be modernized. The number of visitors to our museum is growing and has already reached 300,000 per year. Furthermore, they want to be the most enjoyable and innovative family museum in Europe! So they need more space and therefore our current building will be extended. A new building will be placed next to the existing one and a beautiful public atrium will connect the two buildings.

The existing building will form a single entity with the new building. They will expand on the area next to our building towards the west and on the current staff parking lot. All museum galleries and public facilities, such as the restaurant and the shop, will be located in the new building. The depots for the collection and the offices will be located in the renovated building and the existing tower, which has been an icon in Leiden since its construction. A new wing will be added to the complex to house the research laboratory.

The centrally situated new atrium will connect both buildings and all of the facilities. It will form the main entrance of the new Naturalis Biodiversity Center.

Plans

BUILDINGS

CITY ZONE 3 > Tea house “TUIN VAN NOORD”// GAAGA Joop Vervoornpad 1,2316 Leiden

> Corner House // Marc Koeheler Architects, Sophie Valla Jonas Daniël Meijerstraat 15, 2316

> Stripe House // GAAGA Wattstraat 8,2316 SK Leiden

> V-House // GAAGA Joulestraat 2 SK Leiden

> V23K16// Pasel Kuenzel Hertzstraat 1 Leiden

> House NL III// GAAGA Semmelweisstraat 9,2316 DK Leiden

1 4 . TEA HOU SE “TUIN VA N NOORD” A rchitec t : G A A G A Ye a r o f c o m p l e t i o n : 2011

Tea house ‘Tuin van Noord’ is a small scale, low-budget project initiated by local residents. It functions as a community gathering place located in a local park in Leiden (NL), a historic city in the Netherlands. The tea house accommodates a seating area, a kitchen, a space from where outdoor games can be borrowed and a multifunctional space intended both for temporary exhibitions of local objects - a so-called neighborhood museum - and meetings.

The project was initiated in 2011 and is sponsored by several Dutch funds including Fonds 1818, VSB fonds, Druckerfonds, and the municipality of Leiden. The tea house is situated in a local park that is being revitalized in order to give it a more central function in the district and to improve its role as ‘a green heart’ in the neighborhood.

The tea house, almost completely made of prefabricated structural wooden elements, has a threelegged shape. In the middle - where the three legs meet - the seating area is situated, thus emphasizing its central function. Large windows on all sides make it possible to look in every direction and to experience a panoramic view on the park. The three legs themselves include the other program: the neighbourhood museum in the shortest leg, the kitchen, the games-to-borrow point, the entrance and lavatory in the two longer legs.

Plans

1 5 . CORN E R HO USE A rchitec t : M a rc K o e h e l e r Arc h ite c ts, Soph ie Va lla Arc h ite c ts Ye a r o f c o m p l e t i o n : 2011

The house was designed by Sophie Valla Architects studio. The plot at the corner of the street was chosen as an inspiration and as a result the building offers the inhabitants an unexpected sense of space and changing views.

For this area bordering the city centre of Rotterdam decided to make a master plan based on a double ground level: closed building blocks on half sunken parking-lots. A common coordinator, contractor and advisors worked on each building block. Then each plot owner was able to design his house according to his own needs and wishes.The house was built for a young family.

The lateral façade of the house ending the block presents an intriguing and dynamic play of lines and volume. This is brought about by shifts in the orientation of the façade at each of the three floors. A ‘transformation’ of the geometry of the front and back façades over the length of this side is thereby created. Four supporting columns in the house are freeing the lateral façade from its load bearing function, enabling this free play.

The horizontal transformation is accompanied over the whole façade by a vertical articulation of the surface panelling and of the window frames.

The high and narrow windows on this wall not only emphasise the vertical articulation; from the inside they also give clearly framed views while their form limits the possibility of looking in.

On the ground floor, bordered by a pedestrian street and the park, is a playroom for the children.

The living space is on the first floor. The large window at the front looks into the park, creating a spacious quality inside and offering interesting perspectives to the park.

The tectonics gives the façade an intriguing movement and play of lines from the street and the park while creating a spacious quality inside and offering interesting perspectives to the outside.

Plans

1 6 . ST RI PE HO US E A rchitec t : G A A G A Ye a r o f c o m p l e t i o n : 2012

Named Stripe House, the three-storey residence is one of the 670 architect-designed homes being completed in the residential district master-planned by architects MVRDV. The building is located at the end of a row of houses and the stripes wrap around all three exposed elevations. “The grooves are not purely decorative, but also have an architectural function,” architect Arie Bergsma told Dezeen. “They enhance the ‘all-sidedness’ of the volume, to link the facades and enhance the perspectival effect of the cube-like shape.” Essentially causing an optical illusion making the building appear wider than it is.

Bergsma also explained how the grooves make the facade more tactile. “The funny thing that we did not expect is that a lot of people are actually touching the facade with their hands,” he said. It makes the whole building an attraction for people to visit and touch the façade. The grooves, with a total length of approximately 7000 meters, are handmade and carved into a semi-hardened plaster by using several moulds. The result is an unparalleled piece of craftsmanship.

The stripy grey walls also extend beyond the front of the house to enclose a small garden, which leads residents into the dining room and kitchen on the first floor. The small gardens purpose was to provide a soft transition from public to private space as well as adding an element of distance from the neighboring houses.

Plans

1 7 . V-HOUSE A rchitec t : G A A G A Ye a r o f c o m p l e t i o n : 2010

From the architect. V- HOUSE is a white stucco abstract looking house of which the V-shaped roof is its most striking feature. The roof is constructed of wood and is modeled after a common saddle roof, the only difference being that the top is turned downwards, resulting in a dip at the centre of the house.The roof is an important constituent of the architecture. From the outside, the V-shaped roof gives the house its distinguishing appearance and from the inside, it vitalizes and intensifies the interior space.

The house covers a practically square area and consists of two floors. On the outside there is no clear distinction between the floors; the façade is composed as an unambiguous whole with a cluster of windows in the middle. From the inside though, each floor has a typical program and spatial lay-out.

The top floor accommodates the living, dining and kitchen area. This area is one open space, with a varying height of 2.8 meters at the centre to 4.1 meters at the edges. At the front corner of the floor a large void is situated. This vacant space not only links the upper floor to the ground floor, it also creates an L-shaped floor plan. The freestanding bearing wall at the inner corner of the “L“, together with the dip in the roof, divides the space in two: the kitchen and void on the left side and the living and dining area on the right. In this way the kitchen area is subtle separated from the sitting area.

Plans

1 8 . V23K 16 A rchitec t : P a s e l K u e n z e l Ye a r o f c o m p l e t i o n : 2 0 1 1

路 Area - 170m2 路 Project year - 2009 路 Location - Center of Leiden, in masterplan by MVRDV 路 Prizes: 1st prize and special award for sustainable building

Plans

19. HOUSE NL III A rchitec t : G A A G A Ye a r o f c o m p l e t i o n : 2013 A d res s : Nieuw Leyden

The house consist of two floors, of which teach floor has a typical spatial lay-out form Netherlands.

The lower part is designated as a working zone whereas the upper part functions as a small apartment.Both floors can be clearly differentiated from the outside: the faรงade of the upper floor bents outwards in contrast to the faรงade of the ground floor which bents inwards, resulting in a slight overhang.

This combination of indention and protrusion not only gives the house its special looks, it also shows that the house is, spatially and functionally, made up of two parts. Another special feature of this house is the use of color. At specific places, the transition between inside and outside is marked by an overall coloring of walls, ceiling and floor in a warm yellow color. In this way interior and exterior are connected delicately.

Plans

BUILDINGS

CITY ZONE 4 > Meelfabriek// Peter Zumthor Oosterkerkstraat 18,2312 SN Leiden

> Museum Boerhaave// STUDIO M10 Lange Sint Agnietenstraat 10,2312 WC Leiden

> Terras Annies Verjaardag // JHK Architecten Hoogstraat 1A,Leiden

2 0 . ME ELFABR I EK A rchitec t : P e t e r Z u mt h o r Ye a r o f c o m p l e t i o n : 2 0 1 2

The Meelfabriek is a set of thirteen industrial buildings located in Leiden. The mill of flour was built since the Second World War, and it’s one of the biggest in Netherlands.

The factory closed since 1988, it decided to built a restoration with residential buildings, restaurants, offices, and galleries. The project was ordered to the architect Peter Zumthor, and at the beginning of 2012, it started to build the new restoration.

The design of Zumthor intends to respect industrial structures of factory, but the facades would have a lot of changes. The masterplan is wide, measures approximately 46.000m2. There are not only old industrial buildings to restorate, it has added new buildings.

In 2015, the first phase started. This phase are new appartments for young students. In 2016, the appartments in Singel and lofts in old mill has to be finished.

Plans

2 1 . FAC AD E M US E UM B O ER H A AV E A rchitec t : S T U D I O M 1 0 Ye a r o f c o m p l e t i o n : 2006

The design for the faรงade renovation of the museum pertains to entirely replacing the existing faรงade with a modular faรงade. The ground floor is fully glazed. As such, the auditorium will have the desired open relation with the public area: showpiece and shop window of the museum. The floor is fitted with enclosed profiled panels that serve as filling for the frameworks of the modular faรงade. The restoration workshop receives its required day light via skylights, while the closed frontage can be used to house all sorts of systems. A fold-up section in the closed faรงade meets the Health & Safety Act, which stipulates views on the outside world from the workplace.

Plans

2 2 . TERRAS A NNI ES VER JA AR DAG A rchitec t : G e r r i t - J a n v a n R ijswijk Ye a r o f c o m p l e t i o n : 2 0 1 4

Annie’s is located under the cozy vaults of one of the most historic bridges of Leiden. It is a warm place to meet for coffee, lunch, drinks and dinner or enjoy the sun on their terrasboot. Even under a blanket on the heated terrace is still deep in winter sip a cup of steaming mulled wine.

Plans

APPENDIX >V23K18 // Pasel Kuenzel Nieuw Leyden

>V12K0102 // Pasel Kuenzel Nieuw Leyden

>ZEBRA HOUSE // FARO Architects Rabenhauptstraat 25asdf

>NIEUW LEYDEN BLOCK // Arons en Gelauff Architecten Nieuw Leyden

>TURBINE // Studio Ăœberdutch >V 35K1 8 // Pasel Kuenzel Nieuw Leyden

>K O O R N BR U G BR I D GE // Salomon van der Pauw > VI S BR U G > P O PP O D IU M GEBR . DE NOBEL // Ector Hoogstad > R O O M B U R G HOUSI NG // Leen Borst, Mark Snitker

1 . V23K 18 A rchitec t : P a s e l K u e n z e l Ye a r o f c o m p l e t i o n : 2 0 0 9

As the plot does not allow for traditional front or back gardens, the design incorporates open-air spaces within the build structure. The open floor plan with its voids generates exciting views inside the volume and enhances the relation between inside and outside spaces. As the wooden facade is vertically extended, the roof provides a hidden garden with a maximum of privacy.

Size - 130 m2 building + 60 m2 garden Date - 2005-2009 (completed) Location - EWR-terrein, Leiden, NL Ground Floor

- 70mm Concrete screed - 240mm Concrete Floor slab

First Floor - 60mm Concrete screed as finish - 250mm Concrete Floor Slab - 100mm Insulation Roof Build up

- 110mm Green Roof Package - 200mm Insulation - 240mm Concrete Slab

Plans

2 . V12K 0102 A rchitec t : P a s e l K u e n z e l Ye a r o f c o m p l e t i o n : 2 0 1 1

From the architect. On the site of a former slaughterhouse in the historical heart of the Dutch university city of Leiden, emerges one of the biggest urban developments of private dwellings in the Netherlands. In their series of eleven, the Rotterdam based architects, Pasel.Künzel Architects, present yet another spectacular house, giving a new interpretation of the classical Dutch housing typology.

With their V12K0102 residence Pasel.Kuenzel Architects created a remarkable project on an almost triangular building plot, the remnant of an inner city housing block. On a 30 meter long one-story high base, two building volumes were placed on opposite sides, one being the ‘children’s house’ and the other serving as the ‘Parents house’. The two parts facing each other allow a connection with visible eye contact, but are physically separated.

Collective spaces for living, dining and playing are situated on the ground floor, meandering around two intimate courtyards. This setup establishes an immediate relation between ‘life inside and outside’, creating an oasis in the city. Towards the city, the introverted house reveals its inner side with two gigantic glass panes that also permit Dutch light to reach deep into the museum like spaces.

Plans

3 . Z EBRA HO USE A rchitec t : FA R O A rc h i t e cts Ye a r o f c o m p l e t i o n : 2009

The relatively deep lot is optimally utilized by leaving spaces around the walk to a core plumbing / stairs / kitchen and daylight. The rooms are nice sizes and pretty run into each other. The spacious roof terrace is possible to organize all sleeping areas in a single layer. The same core separates the patio in a green breakfast area in the morning and a spacious terrace until late in the evening can be spent in the sun. The height of the street is used to create a double-height entrance which is in open communication with the kitchen on the first floor.

Zebra facade is inspired by 19th century buildings with white bands in the faรงade. The contrast is enhanced by the choice of black brick and white stone. New Leyden is a limited plastic permitted in the facade. In front of the house is the plastic used optimally, two bay windows provide relief offering from the house a broad look at the street. The zebra facade is put in the window shutters on the bedroom floor that act as sunscreens. The rear is dominated by the tough chimney 9m high.

Plans

4 . N IE UW LEYDEN BL OCK A rchitec t : A ro n s e n G e l a uff Arc h ite c te n Ye a r o f c o m p l e t i o n : 2013

This Building was built by Arons en Gelauff Architecten in Leiden, The Netherlands in 2013.

From the architect. This housing block ends a field of single-family houses and stands as a free object in a new to build park. The program consists of 42 social housing apartments and 20 parking places. Special feature of this building is the sculptural balcony facade on the south side of the building. Because of its kinked form these balconies create different places. By shifting the position, the balconies always have a double-height at the place where people sit.

The volume is divided into seven layers of horizontal bands. As a result, the relatively high building is balanced in relation to its surroundings. The bands connect the various elements in the building (gallery, balconies and brick walls). The horizontal bands at the height of the floors are colored green, both in brick and glass.

Above the green bands we use light gray brickwork and clear glass. The gallery wall is covered with metallic mustard-colored panels. On the ground floor the building is half sunken in the park. At the head of the block is the main entrance, right under the monumental staircase that designed with open brickwork. Parking is just like the other blocks in Nieuw Leyden on the ground floor level.

Plans

5 . TU RBI N E A rchitec t : S T U D I O Ü B E R DUTCH, R E NÉ E SCHUFFE L E R S Ye a r o f c o m p l e t i o n : 2010

‘Het Nieuwe Werken’ as ‘the New World of Working’ is called in Dutch, demands for a fresh vision on working spaces. The structure and composition of organisations is changing and the segregation between private life and business life is fading. To meet this world, 350 square meters of industrial floor space have been transformed into an inspiring hotspot for 18 creative entrepreneurs or freelancers. Studio ÜberDutch and Renée Schuffelers created 18 one-man-offices shaped into mobile platforms that promote collaboration in projects.

A central object called ‘TURBINE’ marks the conversation space, facilitating meetings and presentations. This bright space features ornamental supersize lamellae, which generate a magnificent visual effect and serve as a diffuse screen between the conversation space and the working stations. Additional needs of the entrepreneurs are fulfilled with a quiet room and a fancy relax spot. The vivid graphics on the floor and workstations are designed by Duel.

Plans

6. V35K18

A rchitec t : P a s e l . K u e n z e l Architects Ye a r o f c o m p l e t i o n : 2013 A d res s : Nieuw Leyden

Located in a corner of an urban block comprising 18 completely different houses, the V35K18 truly stands out. It’s distinct design, clear materialisation and dark colour forms a strong “corner stone”.

The massive brick volume is detached from the adjacent neighbour building by a glazed void and the square floor-to-ceiling windows are detailed flush into the facade. Functions are set in a classic Dutch way, work related in on the ground floor and living is on the first.

Plans

7 . KOORN BR UG BR I DGE A rchitec t : S a l o mo n v a n de r Pa u w Ye a r o f c o m p l e t i o n : 1825

The Koornbrug called Koornbeurs bridge, a connection is in the center of the city across the water from the Nieuwe Rijn. The name of the bridge dates back to 1443 when for the first time the grain market was held. The bridge was originally called the St. Cornelis Bruges.

The stone bridge dating back to 1642 and takes its name from the fact that here was traded corn.

In the 17th century the bridge was renovated to a design by Arent van ‘s Gravesande.

It is a bridge with galleries, three brick arches lined with stone, the middle arch with keystones with the city arms, anno 1642.

The superstructure dates from 1825. It was designed by Salomon van der Pauw, who was then city architect, and consists of two Neoclassical wooden galleries on both sides, with Doric columns.

The wooden roof intended to protect the merchandise. In the pediments shows the crowned city arms surrounded by corn. Under the roof the corn was stored; the holes in the ceiling made for ventilation.

In March 2007 the bridge was restored because the bridge was affected by wood rot and mold.

8 . VISBR UG A rchitec t : Ye a r o f c o m p l e t i o n : 1637

The Visbrug to Leiden connects both banks of the Nieuwe Rijn between Haute and Aalmarkt . The bridge is located just to the point where the Nieuwe Rijn merges with the Old Rhine . The latter river is less than 100 meters north of the Visbrug crossed by the Saint John’s Bridge . The Visbrug is the oldest bridge in Leiden; the first bridge in this location was built in the 12th century . Together with St John’s Bridge was the Visbrug at that time the only fixed link over the Rhine between Utrecht and the North Sea . Because of the importance of the bridge all the places in the surroundings of Leiden had to help pay for the maintenance.

The Visbrug dates in its present form in 1637. In that year they built a new stone arch bridge , which was higher than its predecessor; at the same time they laid under Haute wharfs on. Named the Visbrug the fish trade which took place by traders from Katwijk and Noordwijk . Over the centuries, the bridge barely changed.

In 1986 Visbrug got a makeover and emerged on the east side an underpass for pedestrians. The wooden “bridge under the bridge” the New Rhine connects with a terrace for the wharfs.

9 . POPPOD IU M G EBR . DE NO BEL A rchitec t : E c t o r H o o g s t a d Arc h ite c te n Ye a r o f c o m p l e t i o n : 2 0 1 4

To strengthen its cultural profile and make the city more attractive, the municipality of Leiden set her sights on a modern venue. The municipality bought the years buildings in a block in the nineteenth-century ring around the city with the undisputed pearl old trasfabriek the Marktsteeg. At the heart of this block are situated two new concert halls - a large hall for more than 750 visitors and a small one for 200 visitors. The rooms are on the Mark Lane flanked by the historic factory building that now serves as the entrance and lobby. The goal of the client was the desire to revitalize a historic part of the city with a contemporary and regional music venue.

Naturally integrated with respect for the monuments.

Plans OLD CONDITION

NEW CONDITION

1 0 . ROOMBU R G H OUSI NG A rchitec t : L e e n B o r s t , M a r k Sn itke r Ye a r o f c o m p l e t i o n : 2 0 0 9

Dutch architects Snitker/Borst have completed 48 split-level homes in Leiden, the Netherlands, according to the Ruamplan concept developed by architect Adolf Loos in the 1920s.

Called Roomburg, the development has a 400 metre-long façade, divided into three blocks.

Loos’ theory recommends viewing buildings as a series of interlocking rooms overlooking one-another.

Interiors of the Roomburg project feature spiral staircases and split-level floors on the first storey.

Different types of brickwork are used on the plinth and upper levels, which recede from the street and have alternating balconies.

The houses are situated along the Octavialaan, which is the northern border of the subarea ‘Landscape’. This is the last stage in the development of Roomburg. The façade wall is 400 meters long and it is divided into three blocks.

In the project we succeeded to make ‘Loosian’ dwellings with a larger ceiling height and a spatial section.The project is inspired by the ‘raumplan’-villas of Adolf Loos. Snitker/Borst architects does research into the possibilities to create larger ceiling heights, especially in apartment buildings.

The project in Roomburg contains 48 single-family houses with a floor space that varies between 158 and 175 m2.The project consists of five housing types with alternating terraces.A subtle linking of these five housing types results in a vivid façade with rhythm, relief and sculptural expression.

The split level floor creates a spatial staircase that makes the daylight fall into the heart of the house.

Plans

Nuria Martínez Martínez / Alberto Carbonell Crespí / Jones Egbe / Joanna Konstanty Adam Cunningham / Mateo Bernabeu Carbonell / Callum McLellan / Ricky Spivey

Adam Cunningham / Mateo Bernabeu Carbonell / Callum McLellan / Ricky Spivey Nuria Martínez Martínez / Alberto Carbonell Crespí / Jones Egbe / Joanna Konstanty