a-review-on-current-research-advancement-on-wilt-disease

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International Journal of Science and Advanced Technology (ISSN 2221-8386) http://www.ijsat.com

Volume 3 No 1 January 2013

A Review on Current Research Advancement on Wilt Disease of Psidium Guajava L. with Special Reference to Management paper subtitle: Guava wilt- occurrence, causes and cuers

Dr. Nidhi Didwania Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Engineering and Technology Manav Rachna International University Faridabad, Haryana, India E-mail: nidhididwania77@gmail.com

Neha Katyal Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Engineering and Technology Manav Rachna International University Faridabad, Haryana, India E-mail: katyneha@gmail.com

Deepti Sadana Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Engineering and Technology Manav Rachna International University Faridabad, Haryana, India E-mail: gaganchashaki@yahoo.com Abstract— Guava (Psidium guajava L., family Myrtaceae), ‘‘poor man’s fruit’’ or ‘‘apple of tropics’’, an important fruit crop of several tropical and sub-tropical countries, is facing several agronomic and horticultural problems such as susceptibility to many pathogens, particularly guava wilting (caused by Fusarium solani, F. longipes, F. moniliforme [Gibberella fujikuroi], F. oxysporum f.sp. psidii, Macrophomina phaseolina and Rhizoctonia sp.), low fruit growth, short shelf life of fruits, high seed content, and stress sensitivity.

In India, it is grown in almost all of the states. It is a hardy crop and is cultivated successfully even in neglected soils. Wilt of guava is one of the most important disease of guava especially in India and loss due to this disease is substantial [3]. The disease was first reported by Das Gupta and Rai from the orchards of Lucknow in India [4]. Wilt is the most destructive disease of guava and causes 5– 60% loss in guava production in India [5]. Assessment of loss around Lucknow revealed that losses vary from 5-60 per cent and above 5 year old guava plants are more prone to wilt incidence [6]. Although, more than five decades have been passed since its first report, limited progress has been made in the understanding of the disease.

This review outlines the recent findings made to control the disease severity, including those by cultural, chemical, biological and integrated methods. The modes of infection, causal organisms, and environmental and chemical factors that guide the development of the disease have also been emphasized. Keywords: guava wilt, Psidium oxysporum f. sp. psidii, management

guajava,

II. SYMPTOMATOLOGY Wilt of guava plants showing similar symptoms has been reported in many parts of India [7]. Some trees affected linger on even upto 252days and then die. The variations in the symptoms were also studied during different time of the year. They noticed yellowing of the leaves with interveinal chlorosis during the month of August, which drop even with the slight shaking of the plants. During September general drooping of the leaves take place. During October complete wilting of the plants are seen with almost dried leaves and small dried black fruits hanging on the branch. Few plants also show partial wilting, which is a very common symptom of wilt in guava. It is also recorded that some plants show wilting of variable degree (leaf yellowing, drooping of leaves, drying of terminal branches or partial wilting) during different months but later escape/resist wilting. These plants start recovering from December onwards. It was recorded that

Fusarium

I. INTRODUCTION Guava is considered as one of the exquisite, nutritionally valuable and remunerative crops. Guava fruit contains 2–5 times more vitamin C than orange and is also good source of calcium, phosphorus, and iron. High concentration of pectin in guava fruit may play a significant role in the reduction of cholesterol and thereby decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease [1]. Traditionally, different parts of plants, i.e. fruits, leaves, roots, and bark are used in the treatment of gastroenteritis, diarrheoa, and dysentery [2]. Despite these advantages, there are a number of problems that affect guava production. 8


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