Madhesh post 2071 04 01 pmd

nf]stGq / ;+3Lotfk|lt ;dlk{t

lszg 8«fOleªu ;]G6/ Madhesh Post Daily xfd|f ljz]iftfx? M– ● ●

●

● ●

6«flkms lgodsf] ;fydf 8«fOleªu l;sfpg] Joj:yf uf8L l;sfpbf U L I sf] 6«fonsf ;fy} ljleGg tl/sfsf] hfgsf/L . ! dlxgf leqdf Uof/]G6Lsf] ;fydf uf8L l;sfpg] Joj:yf . :s'6L rnfpg l;sfpg] Joj:yf . dlxnfnfO{ klg 8«fOleªu l;sfpg] Joj:yf .

k|f=] /fd ljsf; k+l8t zfvf sfof{no M dn+ujf–!) lhlj; rf]s

;nf{xL / wg'iffaf6 Ps};fy k|sflzt klxnf] /fli6«o b}lgs c+s

aif{ $

@($

@)&! ;fn

>fj0f ! ut]

lalxjf/

( 17 July 2014 )

lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no åf/f ;xsf/L ;+:yfnfO{ 6«ofS6/ k|bfg dw] z ;dfrf/bftf ;nf{xL #@ c;f/ . lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no ;nf{xLn] lhNnfsf] b'Oj{ 6f s[lif ;xsf/L ;+:yfnfO{ 6« o fS6/ k| b fg u/] s f] 5 . sfof{non] a'wjf/ Ps sfo{qmdsf aLr a/xyjfsf] ;fgf ls;fg s[lif ;xsf/L ;+:yf / xl/k'/ s[lif ;xsf/L ;+:yfnfO{ 6«ofS6/ k|bfg u/]sf] xf] . ;fgf ls;fg s[ l if ;xsf/L ;+:yf a/xyjfsf ;b:o gljg s'df/ ofbjnfO{ k|dv ' lhNnf clwsf/L b'uf{ k|;fb kf]v/n] / xl/k'/ s[lif ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf cWoIf ;'/G] b| sfsL{nfO{ :yflgo ljsf; clwsf/L pd]z a:g]tn] 6«ofS6/sf] cfjZos sfFuhft / ;fF r f} x:tfGt/0f ug' { e Psf] lyof] . lhNnf s[ l if ljsf; sfof{no ;nf{xLn] b'j} ;+:yfnfO{ # nfv (( xhf/sf] b/n] /sd pknAw u/fPsf] jl/i6 s[ l if ljsf; clws[t o'un lszf]/ ltjf/Ln] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . ;+ : yfn] cg' b fgsf] /sd / ;xsf/Laf6 ldnfP/ !) nfvsf] nfutdf 6«ofS6/ vl/b u/]sf]

egf{ v'Nof]

clws[t ltjf/Ln] atfpg'eof] .

6«ofS6/ kfPkl5 xlif{t x'bF } ;fgf ls;fg s[lif ;xsf/L ;+:yf a/xyjfsf ;b:o gljg s'df/ ofbjn] cufdL lbgdf klg s[lif sfof{noaf6 o; lsl;dsf] ;xof] u sf] ck] I ff u/] s f] atfpg'eof] . …k'FhLsf] sdLn] v]tLkftL 5f]8L b}lgs ;of}F o'jf ;nf{xLaf6 a}bl] zs /f]uhf/df uO{ /x]sf] 5Ú ofbjn] eGg'eof]–o:tf] lsl;dsf] ;xof] u af6 To:tf ;d'xnfO{ k|fT] ;fxg ldng] ofbjsf] syg lyof] . otf lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{non] a'wjf/ g} s[lif ljsf; sfo{qmddf ldl8ofsf] e'ldsf af/]df cGtlqmof uf]i7L sfo{qmd ;d]t u/]sf] 5 . uf]i7Ldf rfn' cfly{s jif{ d f ePsf] sfdsf] af/] d f hfgsf/L, sfo{qmdsf] d'Vo–d'Vo pknAwLx?, sfo{qmd ;+rfng ubf{ b] l vPsf ;d:ofx? tyf ;dfwfgsf pkfox? , /fi6«klt r'/] ;+/If0f sfo{qmd, ;fgf l;rfO{ ljz]if / ;xsf/Ldf cfwfl/t sfo{qmd jf/] jl/i7 s[ l if ljsf; clws[t o'un lszf]/

lhNnf k|zf;g hfg] af6f]df :jf:Yo sfo{nosf] k"jk{ §L df]= (*$$!#*()!, (*!&^^*)*@

k[i7 ;+Vof M $

d'No ?= %.–

afujfgL s]Gb|sf] cfly{s ultljwL ;fj{hlgs ePg dw] z ;dfrf/bftf ;nf{xL #@ c;f/ . ;nf{xLsf] g]qu+h uflj;df /x]sf] pi0fk|bl] zo afujfgL s]Gb|sf] ;fj{hlgs ;'gj' fO{ sfo{qmd cfly{s ultljwL k|:t't gul/ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . g]kfns} ;a}eGbf 7'nf]

afujfgL s]Gb|n] a'wjf/ cfof]hgf u/]sf] ;fj{hlgs ;'gj' fO{ sfo{qmddf ;xefuLx?n] s] G b| s f] cfly{ s ultljlwsf] af/]df rf;f] /fv]sf] ePklg cfly{s ultljwL g} k|:t't gul/sg ;fj{hlgs ;'gj' fO{ afFsL # k]hdf

s/]G6 nfu]/ d[To' dw] z dfrf/bftf ;nf{xL #@ c;f/ . ;nf{xLsf] uf]8t} f uflj;df a'wjf/ ePsf] 5'6f–5'6} 36gdf k/L b'O{ hgfsf] Hofg uPsf] 5 . s/]G6 nfu]/ a'wjf/ uf]8}tf uflj;–% sf /fdjfa' k08Ltsf] d[To' ePsf] 5 .

3/df nfO{g gcfPkl5 3/ glhs} /x]sf] 6«fG;kmd{/df r9]/ dd{ t ug{ vf] H bf $% alif{ o

k08LtnfO{ s/]G6 nfu]kl5 tn n8]sf lyP . s/] G 6 nfu] / uDeL/ 3fOt] ePsf] k08LtnfO{ pkrf/sf] nflu ;b/d'sfd dn+ujf l:yt lhNnf c:ktfn n}hfFb} ubf{ d[To' ePsf] k|x/Ln] hgfPsf] 5 . s/]G6 nfu]/ xfy hng'sf] ;fy} kf]naf6 tn embf{ kl08tsf] k]6 km'6s ] f] lyof] .

dw] z ;dfrf/bftf ;nf{xL, #@ c;f/ . uf]8t} f uflj;df a'wjf/ laxfg 5taf6 v;]/ Ps aflnsfsf] d[To' ePsf] 5 . uf]8] t} f–^ lgjf;L lbk]Gb| emfsL % alif{o 5f]/L rGbf emfsf] 3/sf] 5tjf6 n8]/ d[To' ePsf]

xf] . 5tdf ;'t]sL aflnsf laxfg p7]/ 5tdf lx8\g] qmddf pgL n8]sL lyOg\ . pgsf] 36\gf:ynd} d[To' ePsf] lhNNf k|x/L sfof{no ;nf{ x Lsf k| x /L lg/LIfs k[ Y jLgf/fo0f cf] n Ln] atfpg'eof] .

5taf6 v;]/ aflnsfsf] d[To'

6«ofS6/sf] cfjZos sfuhft / ;fFrf] ;xsf/Lsf k|ltlglwnfO{ k| l hc b' u f{ k| ; fb kf] v /] n / Pnl8of] pd] z a:g] t a'emfpFb} . tl:j/ M dw]z kf]i6 ltjf/Ln] hfgsf/L u/fpg'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{ q mddf lhNnf

egf{ v'Nof]

e/Lsf ljleGg ;+ r f/dfWodf sfo{/t ;+rf/sdLx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .

egf{ v'Nof]

;nf{xL lhNnf s} ;a} eGbf h]7f] / 7"nf] SofDk;

hg;+Vof ;DaGwL cGts[of dw]z ;dfrf/bftf ;nf{xL, #@ c;f/ . lhNnf l:yt ;~rf/sdL{x?nfO{ hg;+Vof ;DaGwL cGt{lqmof sfo{qmd a'wjf/ ;DkGg

lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{nosf k|dv ' ;lrtfgGb b]jsf] k|dv ' cfltYodf ePsf] sfo{qmdf lhNnf e/Lsf ;+rf/sdL{x?sf]

ePsf] 5 . lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{no ;nf{ x Lsf] cfof] h gdf ePsf] sfo{ q mddf lhNnfsf] jt{ d fg hg;+Vof af/]df rrf{ ul/Psf] lyof] .

;xefuLtf /x]sf] lyof] . pxfFn] hg;+Vofdfsf] cwf/df g} ;a} yf]ssf] lgwf/0f x'ge ] psfn] ;a}n] o;df ljz] i f Wofg lbg' k g] { atfpg'eof] .

;nf{xL SofDk; dn+ujf dn+ u jfdf oxL z} l Ifs ;q @)&!÷)&@ sf nflu ±@ -Commerce / Education_ df c+ u | ] h L / g]kfnL b'a} dfWoddf wdf–wd gofF egf{ lnOb}F5 . ;dod} egf{ eO{ df}sfsf] kmfO{bf p7fpg'xf];\ .

sIff ;+ r fng @)&! >fjg % ut] b] l v

xfd| f ljz] i ftfx? M– ● ● ● ●

gf]6 MM.Ed. (Pop., Eng., Nep., & E.P.M.) df egf{sf] nflu ;Dks{ /fVg'xf];\

ljlzi6 >f] 0 fL tyf k| y d >] f 0fLdf plQ{ 0 f ljBfyL{ x ?nfO{ egf{ z' N sdf qmdz %) / @% k| l tzt 5' 6 lbOg] 5 . cg' e j k| f Kt k| f Wofksx?åf/f cWoog cWofkg . ● k' : tsfnosf] ;d' l rt Joj:yf . ;' l jwf ;DkGg ejgsf] ;' l jwf . ● sd z' N sdf u' 0 f:tl/o lzIff . h] x ] G bf/, blnt, ckfË, zlxb kl/jf/ tyf åGb lkl8tx?sf nflu ljz] i f ;' l jwfsf] Joj:yf

ljz]if hfgsf/Lsf] nflu ;Dks{ M ;nf{xL SofDk; dn+ujf, ;nf{xL kmf]g= gDa/ )$^–%@)#&#, df]afOn gDa/ M (*%$)#^#&$, (*$$!%!@#$

afFsL $ k]hdf

dw]z kf]i6 @)&! >fj0f

gful/s nfufgL sf]ifn] af]g; ;]o/ / gub nfef+z ljt/0f ug] sf7df8f}F, #@ c;f/ . gful/s nufgL sf] i fn] cfly{ s jif{ @)^(÷&) sf] v' b gfkmf / To;eGbf cl3Nnf] jif{sf] afF8kmfF8 ug{ afFsL d'gfkmfaf6 af]g; ;]o/ / gub nfef+z ljt/0f ug]{ ePsf] 5. sf] i fsf cWoIf tyf ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqfnosf ;lrj ;' d gk| ; fb zdf{ s f] cWoIftfdf cfh ;DkGg !(cf}F jflif{ s ;fwf/0f;efn] pQm d'gfkmfaf6 ? tLg s/f]8 *^ nfv $% xhf/ /sd ;fwf/0f hu]8fdf /fvL afFsL %) k|ltzt af]g; ;]o/ / @=^# k|ltzt gub nfef+z ljt/0f ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] xf] . cfly{ s jif{ @)^(÷&) df s/kl5sf] v'b gfkmf ? !( s/f]8 #@ nfv @^ xhf/ / cfj @)^*÷^( sf] afF8kmfF8 ug{ afFsL d'gfkmf ? 5 s/f]8 @^ nfv *@ xhf/;d]t u/L afF8kmfF8 of]Uo /sd ? @% s/f]8 %( nfv cf7 xhf/ sf] i fdf /x] s f] hgfOPsf] 5 . ;fwf/0f;efn] sf] i fsf] d' 2 tL

lgIf]kdf s]lGb|t /x]sf] nufgLnfO{ $) k|ltztdf ;Lldt u/L s'n nufgLsf] clwstd lx:;f pmhf{ tyf k"jf{wf/ ljsf;df nufpg] lg0f{o;d]t u/]sf] 5 . sf]ifn] cfˆgf] nufgLnfO{ pBf]u, :jf:Yo, lzIf0f tyf ko{6gsf] If]qdf qmdzM lj:tf/ ub}{ n}hfg] gLlt lnPsf] 5 . sf]ifn] pkTosf aflx/ klg zfvf lj:tf/ ug]{ / OG6/g]6af6 JolQmut lx;fa x]g]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg] ePsf] 5 . sf]ifn] cfly{s jif{ @)&)÷&! sf] r}t d;fGt;Dddf ? (# s/f]8 %$ nfvsf] ;fwf/0f tyf xsk|b ;]o/ lgisf;g ul/;s]sf] 5 eg] k'FhL ahf/ ;]jfnfO{ lj:tf/ ug{ ;xfos sDkgL v8f u/L ahf/ lgdf{tfsf] sfd ug]{ tof/L u/]sf] hgfPsf] 5 . rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] r}t d;fGt;Dddf v'b sf]if /sd ? $^ ca{ Ps s/f]8 ^% nfv k' u ] s f] 5 . sf] i fn] ljleGg sfo{ q mdsf ;xefuLnfO{ sfo{qmdsf] k|sl[ tcg';f/ %=% b]lv gf} k|ltzt;Dd k|ltkmn k|bfg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .

lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{no ;nf{xLsf] ;fj{hlgs cg'/f]w w"dk{ fg tyf ;"lt{ ;]jg dfgj :jf:Yosf] nflu xflgsf/s ePsf] tyf dfgjsf] cfly{s, ;dflhs / ;f+:s[lts s[ofsnfkdf gs/fTds c;/ kg]{ ePsf]n] g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg @)^# sf] wf/f *# sf] pkwf/f ! adf]lhd ;+ljwfg ;fefn] of] P]g agfPsf] 5 .

P]gsf] gfd ;"lt{hGo kbf{y - Go"gLs/0f / lgoGq0f ug]_{ P]g @)^* /x]sf] 5 . ;"lt{HfGo kbfy{ eGgfn] r'/f]6 , lj8L , l;uf/ , tdfv' , ;'Nkmf , s+Ss8 , sRrf;"lt{ , v}gL , u'6vf eGg] a'lemG5 . ● ;fj{hlgs :ynx?df ;"lt{hGo kbfy{ ;]jg ;Vt dgfxL 5 . ● /fHo tyf ;/sf/L lgsfo ,:f+:yf jf sfo{fno ● lzIf0f ;+:yf ,k':tsfno , tflnd tyf :jf:Yo ;DaGwL ;+:yf ● ljdfg:yn , jfo';j ] f tyf ;fjhlgs ;jf/L sf ;fwg ● ;fj{hlgs ;f}rfno ● pBf]u tyf sns/vfgfsf sfo{:yn ● rnlrq 3/ , ;f+:s[lts s]Gb| tyf gf6ozfnf ● xf]6n , /]i6'/G ] 6 , af/ , ef]hgfno rd]gfu[x, nh 5fq jf 5fqfjf; tyf cltly u[x ● /Ëzfnf, se{xn, Jofds]Gb|, kf}8L kf]v/L tyf k'n xp; ● wd{zfnf , wfld{s :yn ● ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Lsf k|ltIffno ,l6s6 sfpG6/

k|aGw lgb]{zs M– lgd]if s0f{ sfo{ s f/L ;Dkfbs M– ljZjgfy 7fs'/ k| s fzs M– dw]zsf nflu ;~rf/ sfof{no dn+ujf M– lhlj; rf}s dn+ujf, ;nf{xL, kmf]g M– )$^–%@!#(@ (*$$)**!%), (*)$*@$*)), (&$$))#*)^ E-mail: newsthakur@gmail.com Website : www.issuu.com/madheshpost /]l8of] dw]z *(=# dnujf % M )) elQm uLt ^ M )) ;femf va/ ^ M #) elQm uLt & M )) lxGbL lut & M !% lala;L g]kfnL ;]jf * M )) dw]z ;dfrf/ * M !% lxGbL lut ( M )) dw]z ;dfrf/ ( M !% ef]hk'l/of aafn !) M )) dw]z ;dfrf/ !) M !% lxGbL uLt !! M )) dw]z ;dfrf/ !! M !% g]kfnL uLt !@ M !% gfr ! M !% lxGbL lut @ M !% ef]hk'/L uLt # M !) lxGbL l/ldS; uLt $ M )) dw]z ;dfrf/ $ M !% x]nf] RjfO; % M )) dw]z ;dfrf/ % M !% 6]G;g k|mL ^ M )) dw]z ;dfrf/ ^ M !% d}ynL uLt & M )) dw]z ;dfrf/ & M !) lg/u'g ehg & M #) ;femf va/ * M )) lxGbL lut * M $% lala;L g]kfnL ;]jf ( M @) ;+lut nx/ !! M )) sfo{qmd ;dfKt

k+= z+s/frfo{

d]if M kl/jf/ ;+u ;xof]u ldNg] j[if M ;dfhdf k|lti7f a9\g] ldy'g M Jofkf/df a[l4 x'g] ss{6 M /rgfTds sfd x'g]

l;+x M ?s]sf] sfddf ;kmntf sGof M lg0f{odf cdn ug{ h?/L t'nf M k|;Ggtf a9\g] j[lZrs M xtf/ ubf{ gf]S;fgL x'g] wg' M k|ltof]lutfdf pt]hgf a9\g] ds/ M ;'v ;d[l4 a9\g] s'De M cWoogdf ?rL a9\g] ldg M wfld{s ?rL a9\g] /flzkmnn] h] ;+st] u/] klg /fd|f] sfd u/] /fd|} kmn kfOG5 .

! ut], lalxjf/

@

ef/tLo Kofhsf] d"No @% k|ltztn] a9Øf] wg' i ff, #@ c;f/ . gLltut b' / bzL{ t fsf] cefjsf sf/0f cfoft k|lt:kwf{ ug{ g;Sbf l5d]sL d'ns ' ef/taf6 cfofltt Kofhsf] d"No :yfgLo ahf/df @% k|ltztn] a9]sf] 5 . ef/tdf o; jif{ Kofh pTkfbgdf x|f; cfPsfn] o;sf] k|ToIf c;f/ g]kfnL pkef]Qmfdf kg{ uPsf] xf] . wg'iffdf jflif{s ? rf/ s/f]8 a/fa/sf] Kofh l5d]sL d'ns ' ef/taf6 cfoft x'g] u/]sf] hgsk'/ cfn' Kofh Joj;foL ;ª\3n] hgfPsf] 5 . cfj @)&)÷&! df ef/tsf] gfl;s / k6gfaf6 ? rf/ s/f]8 d"No a/fa/sf] b'O{ xhf/ 6g Kofh lefdf] 8 gfsfaf6 hgsk' / ahf/df lelqPsf] ;ª\3sf cWoIf cnfpl2g /fOgn] atfpg'eof] .

:jb] z d} Kofh pTkfbgdf j[l4 u/fP/ cfoft b/ 36fpg] p2] Z on] ;/sf/n] sfof{ G jogdf NofPsf] …ld;g cf]lgogÚ sfo{qmd o; jif{bl] v aGb /x]sfn] wg'iffsf ls;fg Kofh v]tLtkm{ cfslif{t gePsf] lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{non] hgfPsf] 5. sfof{ n osf] tYofª\scg';f/ wg'iffdf ls;fgn] cfj @)^(÷&) df hDdf *)% x]S6/ If]qkmndf Kofh v]tL u/L !@ xhf/ @&) d]l6«s 6g pTkfbg u/] s f lyP . oxfF Kofhsf] pTkfbsTj k|ltx]S6/ !%=@$ d]l6«s 6g /x]sf] 5 . cfj @)&)÷&! df ;/sf/n] wg'iffdf …ld;g cf]lgogÚ sfo{qmd glbPsfn] ls;fgx¿ Kofh pTkfbgtkm{ cfslif{s x'g\ g;s]sf]

afujfgL ljsf; clws[ t /fd;f] u f/y d08nn] atfpg'eof] . cfj @)^$÷^% b]lv nfu" ul/Psf] …ld;g KofhÚ sfo{qmd k|efjsf/L x'g g;s]kl5 ut jif{sf] ;fpgdf ;f] sfo{qmd vf/]h ul/Psf] lyof] . wg'iff lhNnfdf cfoft x'g] KofhdWo] sl/a () k| l tzt ef/taf6 cfoft x'G5 . :yfgLo ahf/df clxn] ef/taf6 cfoft ul/Psf] Kofhsf] v'bf| d"No k|ltlsnf] ? %) /x]sf] 5 eg] o;sf] yf]s Jofkf/Lsf] ;ª\ V of !% /x] s f] 5 . v' b | f Jofkf/Lsf] ;ª\Vof eg] %) /x]sf] 5. s[lif ljsf; dGqfnosf] Ps tYofª\snfO{ x]g{] xf] eg] cfj @)^(÷&) df ? Ps ca{ *%

s/f]8 #^ nfveGbf a9Lsf] Kofh g]kfndf cfoft ePsf] lyof] . /fhwfgL sf7df8f}Fsf] sflndf6L t/sf/L ahf/df dfq ef/taf6 ? (! s/f]8 $^ nfv $* xhf/ ^)) a/fa/sf] Kofh cfoft ePsf] t/sf/L ljsf; lgb] { z gfnon] hgfPsf] 5 . ;/sf/n] …ld;g cf]lgogÚ sfo{qmdcGtu{t t/fO{sf !) lhNnfdf pTkfbg j[l4 ug]{ p2]Zon] ? @) s/f]8 vr{ u/]sf] lyof] h'g afn'jfdf kfgL xfn] h:tf] eof] .

Kofhh:t} cfn'sf] efp klg @% k|ltztn] a9]sf] 5 . cfj @)&)÷&! df ef/tsf] nvgp, sfgk'/ / sgf}haf6 lefdf]8 gfsf x'Fb} ? !@ s/f]8 a/fa/sf] !) xhf/ 6g cfn' hgsk'/ lelqPsf] 5.

/fh:j / Joosf] jflif{s cg'dfgdfly p7]sf k|Zgsf] cy{dGqLaf6 hjfkm sf7df8f},F #@ c;f/ . cy{dGqL 8f= /fdz/0f dxtn] ;ª\3Lotfk|lt jt{dfg ;/sf/ k"0f{¿kdf k|lta4 /x]sf] / To;sf nflu cfjZos ah]6sf] Joj:yf ah]6d} ul/Psf] atfpg'ePsf] 5.

Joj:yflksf-;+;bsf] cfhsf] bf];f| ] a}7sdf cfly{s jif{ @)&!÷&@ sf] /fh:j / Joosf] jflif{s cg'dfgdfly ;ef;b\n] p7fPsf k|Zgsf] cfh hjfkm lbg] qmddf pxfFn] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f / zflGt k|lqmofsf afFsL sfd k"/f ug{ / ljutsf ljleGg cfGbf]ngsf ;lxb, 3fOt], ckfª\u / kLl8tnfO{ cfjZos ;'ljwf pknAw u/fpg ;/sf/ tof/ 5 eGg'eof] . pxfFn] ah]6 k]; ug]{ ljkIfLn] lj/f]w ug]{ / ;QfkIfsf ;ef;b\n] klg cfnf]rgf ug]{ x'bF f ah]6 sd{sf08L h:tf] x'bF } cfPsf] 5 eGb} s'g}klg ah]6 lg/k]If 9ª\un] gaGg] atfpg'eof] . pxfFn] ;ª\3Lo u0ftGq / zflGt k|lqmofnufotsf ljifodf ah]6df pNn]v ePsf] s'/f k9]/ ;'gfpFb} zflGt k|lqmofsf afFsL sfd zL3| ;dfwfg ug]{ hgcfGbf]ng, ;lxb, åGåkLl8tsf nflu ah] 6 df ul/Psf] Joj:yf ck'u eP yk ah]6 Joj:yf ul/g] / ;xdltsf cfwf/df sfd ul/g] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . cy{dGqL 8f= dxtn] cy{tGqsf] ;Ldfleq /x]/ ljsf; lgdf{ 0 f, ;' / Iff, ;fdflhs

;'/Iffnufotsf ljutsf ;/sf/n] u/]sf lg0f{onfO{ klg k"/f ug'k{ 5{ eGb} ;ª\3Lo nf]stflGqs u0ftGq g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug{] / cfly{ s ljsf;nfO{ ult lbg] ljifonfO{ ah]6n] hf]8 lbPsf] :ki6 ug'e { of] . zflGt k|lqmofnfO{ k"0f{tf lbg / åGåkLl8t ;lxb 3fOt] n ufotnfO{ cfjZostf cg' ; f/ /fxt lbg] s' / f klg ah]6df pNn]v ul/Psf] dGqL dxtn] :ki6 kfg'e { of] . pxfFn] cfkm" dw]; lj/f]wL gePsf] / dw];sf] ljsf;sf nflu ;b}j k|lta4 /x]sf] :ki6 kfb}{ dGqL dxtn] d]l8sn sn]h, pBf]uwGbf, snsf/vfgf, l;FrfOnufotsf If]qdf dw];df w]/} sfd ePsf] / ah] 6 ;d] t ljlgof]hg ePsf] atfpg'eof] . ;+;bLo If]qleq ;~rfng ul/g] of] h gfsf nflu k| T oIf / ;dfg'kflts ;ef;b\ ;xefuL eP/ 5gf]6 ul/Psf of]hgfdf :yfgLo lgsfosf] kbflwsf/Lsf] ;xeflutf x'g] u/L Pp6f sfo{ljlw agfP/ vr{ ug{ /sd ljlgof]hg ul/Psf] dGqL dxtn] hjfkm lbg'eof] .

a}7s k|f/De x'gf;fy k|ltkIf bnn] p7] / lj/f] w hgfPkl5 ;efd'v ;'jf; g]Djfªn] Pg]skf dfcf]jfbL_sf s[i0faxfb'/ dx/fnfO{ af]Ng ;do lbg'eof] .;ef;b\ dx/fn] ah]6 ;'g/] cfdhgtf klg lg/f; ePsf eGg'eof] . g] k fn ;ª\ 3 Lotfdf uO;s]sf] cj:yfdf nf]stflGqs u0ftGqfTds ;ª\3LotfnfO{ ah]6n] ;Daf]wg ug{ g;Sg' uDeL/ q'l6 ePsf] pNn]v ub}{ pxfFn] zflGt k|lqmofsf ;DaGwdf ljutdf y'k}| ;xdlt ePsfn] o;nfO{ tfls{s lgisif{df k'¥ofpg, åGåsfndf dfl/Psf 3fOt] / a]kQf JolQmnfO{ /fxt lbg ah] 6 df Joj:yf gul/Psf] atfpg'eof] .pxfFn] eGg'eof] – hgcfGbf]ng elgPsf] hgo'4kl5 dw]; cfGbf]ng / d'l:nd cfGbf]ng eP . To;df y'k}| dfl/P, 3fOt] eP, a]kQf eP t/ hgcfGbf]ngsf 3fOt]nfO{ dfq egL pNn]v ug'{ plrt ePg . ;a} cfGbf]ngsf kLl8t kIfnfO{ /fxtsf] Joj:yf ul/of] ; \ . ah] 6 n] ul/adf/f gLlt lnPsf], dem\of}nf pBf] u Lsf] 9f8 ;] s ] / 7" n f

Jofkf/LnfO{ kf]:g] sfd ePsf], hldgsf] ;dfg ljt/0f ug]{ sfd gePsf] pNn]v ub}{ pxfFn] oL ljifodf cy{dGqLn] cfn6fn] hjfkm lbP/ x'bF g} , cGoyf ;bg cj?4 klg x'g;S5 eGg'eof] . ;befjgf kf6L{ s f nId0fnfn s0f{n] dw]; of] b]zdf k5{ sL kb} { g eGb} dw] ; sf] ljsf;k|lt ah]6 pbf;Lg ePsf] u'gf;f] ug'{eof] . pxfFn] åGåsf] ;dfwfg ug{ ljutsf cfGbf]ngsf 3fOt] , ckfªnfO{ ;' l jwf lbg ljutsf ;/sf/n] u/]sf] lg0f{o sfof{ G jog ug{ ' k g] { d f hf] 8 lbg'eof] . pxfFn] h]i7 gful/s / Psn dlxnfsf] dfu / yf? hfltdf b]vfk/]sf] h]gl] 6s /f]unfO{ ah]6n] ;Daf]wg gu/]sf] atfpg'eof] . ;ª\3Lotfsf nflu P]g sfg'g lgdf{0fnufotsf sfdsf nflu ah] 6 5' 6 \ o fpg' k g] { d f ;ef;b\ s0f{sf] hf]8 lyof] .pxfFn] ah]6df pNn]v ePsf] ? Ps s/f]8 / kfFr s/f]8 s] sfdsf nflu lbOPsf] yfxf x'g ;s]g eGb} ;a} s'/fdf hjfkm lbP/ ;Gt'i6 kfg{ cfu|x ug'e { of] .

;k{sf] 6f]sfO{af6 dxf]t/Lsf] dl6xfgLdf Ps afnssf] d[To' dxf]t/L, #@ c;f/ . hf]8L uf]dg ;k{n] 6f]Sbf dxf]Q/Lsf] dl6xfgL uflj;df Ps afnssf] d[To' ePsf] 5 . d[To' x'gd ] f dl6xfgL–$ a:g] cd/ ;xgLsf !) jifL{o 5f]/f uf]n' ;xgL /x]sf] lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no dxf]Q/Ln] hgfPsf] 5 .

dª\ u naf/ ;fF e m ;xgLsf] 3/df b'Oj{ 6f uf]dg ;k{ Pscfk;df 8f]/L em}F a]l/Psf] b]Vbf afns uf]nn ' ] nÝL k|xf/ u/L ;k{nfO{ dfg{ vf]Hbf b'O6} ;k{n] pgnfO{ 6f]Sbf pgsf] d[To' ePsf] k|x/L gfoa pk/LIfs nf] s ] G b| >] i 7n]

atfpg'eof] . ;k{n] Ps}k6s 6f]s]sf] afns ;xgLnfO{ uP/flt pkrf/sf nflu c~rn c:ktfn hgsk'/ n}hfg] qmddf af6}df d[To' ePsf]xf] . afnssf] zjk/LIf0fsf nflu lhNnf c:ktfn hn]Zj/df nluPsf] 5 .

dxTjk"0f{ 6]lnkmf]g gDa/x? wg'iff

;nf{xL ;nf{xL c:ktfn laB't k|flws/0f bdsn PDj'n]G;-/]8qm;_ b'/ ;+rf/ dd{t lh= k|zf;g sf lh= vfg]kfgL lh=k=| sf dn+ujf O k|x/L sf= xl/jg O k|x/L sf= xl/k'/ O k|x/L sf= a/xyjf O k|x/L sf= O{Zj/k'/ lh 6«f sf gjnk'/

;z:q k| an ;nf{xL SofDk; b ;xf/f PDa'nG] ;

%@)!## %@!%^) %@)))) %@)!(% !(* %@)!&& %@)!$* %@))(( %#)%!! ^@)#))

%$)#$! ^()@!& %&)#!% %@!!#% %@)#&# %@))!@

cr+n c:ktfn wg'iff c:ktfn lh=k=| sf= hgkf bdsn ;z:q k| an PDa'n]G;–/]8qm; ;'/Iff u'Nd a}/s ] Po/kf]6{ hgsk'/ /]Nj] cf+vf c:ktfn ljB't km\oh F zfvf a'4 Po/ otL Po/nfOG; u0f]z o'jf sld6L

dxf]Q/L %@))## %@%*)) %@))(( %@))!! %@&@!# !)@ %@^%*^ %@))$$ %@)@!! %@)#(& %@)!%! %@^@($ %@))$* %@^#^)

/f}tx6

le7fdf]8 k| rf}sL %@)@)( Ok|sf alb{af; %%%))^ Ok|sf uf}znf %@($)#

%@)!&& %@)!(( lh=6flkms rk'/ %$)!(( c:ktfn %@)#@* bdsn %@)#@$ laB't %@)@&^ /]8qm; %@)!$! e+;f/ sfo{no %@)@!)

O k| sf rk'/ %@()!# Ok|sf= u8'/f %^%!(( Ok|sf= u+uflkk/f ^()!)) g]kfn 6]lnsd %@)@@@

l5Gd:tfu0f alb{af;%@(^!(

b ;xf/f PDa'nG] ; %@!$!%

lh k|x/L sf= k|x/L sfG6f]n lhNnf c:ktfn af?0f ofGq PDa'n]G;

%@)!(( %@))(( %@))&) %@))(& %@)!)) ljB't kmo'h zfvf %@))^^ %@)!^^ e+;f/ sfo{no %@!!$@

lh k|x/L sf=

dw]z kf]i6 @)&! >fj0f

! ut], lalxjf/

#

a|flhndf la|S; lzv/ a}7s, la|S; 5f]/LNffO{ /fhs'df/L agfpg a'jfNf] agfP Pp6f b]z a}s + :yfkgf ug{ 5nkmn a|fl;lnof, #@ c;f/ . ljZjsf pboLdfg cy{ t Gq ePsf /fi6«x?sf] ;+u7g la|S;sf] lzv/ a} 7 s a| f lhnsf] a| f l;lnofdf a'waf/ ;'? ePsf] 5 . la| S ; pboLdfg cy{tGq ePsf ljleGg kfFr b]zsf] ;+u7g xf] . ;f] ;+u7gdf a|flhn, /l;of, ef/t, rLg / blIf0f clk|msf /x]sf 5g\ . a'waf/sf] ;f] lzv/ a}7sdf tL kfFr b]zsf g]tfx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] 5 . ;fy} cGo ah{]lG6gf, lrnL, SofDaf]l8of, e] g ] h ' o nf nufotsf b] z sf k|ltlglw Pjd\ g]tfx? klg ;f] ;Dd]ngdf k'Ug'ePsf] atfOPsf] 5. a'waf/af6 ;'? ePsf] ;f] ;+u7gsf] of] 5}7f}F a}7s xf] . a}7sdf ;xeflutfsf nflu tL b] z sf ;/sf/ tyf /fHo k|dv ' x?sf] ;xeflutf 5 . la| S ;df ;Da4 /fi6«x?n] ljZjsf] $) k|ltzt hgtfnfO{ k| l tlglwTj u5{ .

To;} u /L pgLx¿n] ljZjsf] cy{ t Gqsf] @) k| l tzt efu cf]u6\g] atfOG5 . oL kfFr pbfFpbf d'ns ' n] Ps la|S; a}ªs \ sf]

:yfkgf ug]{ of]hgfsf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf 5g\ . pgLx¿n] ;ª\s6 sf]ifsf nflu kl/rfng ug{u] /L ;f] sf]ifsf nflu klg hu]8f /sdsf] Joj:yf ug{] hgfPsf x'g\ . tL b]zx?n] klZrdf /fi6«x?sf] afx'Notf /x]sf] ljZj a}ªs \ nufotsf ljleGg cfly{s ;+:yfx?sf] ;dsIfdf csf]{ a}ªs \ :yfkgf ug]{ of]hgf agfPsf 5g\ . la| S ;df ;Da4 /x] s f /fi6"x?n] :yfkgf ug{ nfu]sf] o; hu] 8 f sf] i fnfO{ pgLx¿n] cGt/f{li6«o d'bf| sf]ifsf] ¿kdf klg x]/s ] f 5g\ . a'waf/ a|flhndf ;'? ePsf] ;f] lzv/ a}7sdf pgLx?n] o; ljifodf Jofks dfqfdf 5nkmn ug{] atfPsf 5g\ . ;f] a}7ssf nflu tL kfFr b]zsf ;/sf/ tyf /fHo k|dv ' x? a|flhn k'lu;Sg'ePsf] 5 . la| S ; /fi6« x ?sf] of]hgfdf :yfkgf ug{ nfluPsf] of] a}ª\ssf] z'? k"FhL %) ca{ cd] l /sL 8n/ /xg] sNkgf ul/Psf] 5 . o; a}s + df x/]s d'ns ' n] a/fa/ nufgL ug]5 { g\ . cGt/f{li6«o d'bf| sf]ifsf] Ps lasNkdf ?kdf :yfkgf ug{ nfluPsf] pQm hu]8f sf]ifdf !))

ca{ cd]l/sL 8n/ a/fa/sf] /sd /xg] atfOPsf] 5 . sf] i fsf nflu rLgn] ;a}eGbf w]/} $! ca{ cd]l/sL 8n/ nufgL ug]5 { . a|flhn, ef/t tyf /l;ofn] !* ca{ cd]/sL 8n/ tyf blIf0f clk|msfn] kfFr ca{ cd]l/sL 8n/ nufgL ug]5 { g\ . a'waf/ a|flhndf ;'? ePsf] ;f] lzv/ a}7sdf o:tf] a} ª \ s sf] cjZostfsf af/] d f Jofks 5nkmn ul/g'sf ;fy} o;sf] d'Vofno sxfF /xg] eGg] s'/fdf klg 5nkmn ul/g] atfOPsf] 5 . la| S ; ;Da4 g] t fx? dª\ u naf/ g} a| f lhndf e] n f x'ge ' Psf] xf] . lxhf] ePsf] k|f/lDes 5nkmndf la|S; a}s + :yfkgfsf] s'/f cufl8 a9]sf] lyof] .

To;nfO{ ;fy{ s ?k a'waf/sf] a}7sn] lbg] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . o;}aLr cfh} ;f] kmf]/ddf cGo Nofl6g cd]l/sL /fi6«x?;Fu klg s'/fsfgL ePsf] atfOPsf] 5 . olb la|S; a}+s :yfkgf ePdf To;n] ;f] If]qnfO{ g} kmfObf k'Ug] af/]df a|flhnsf /fi6«kltn] yk Nofl6g cd]l/sL /fi6« x ?nfO{ atfpg' e Psf] lyof] . /f;;÷PPkmkL

lkmlnlkG;df cf“wLaf6 P3f/sf] d[To', /fhwfgL dlgnf aGb dlgnf, #@ c;f/ . lkmlnlkG;sf] /fhwfgL dlgnfdf cfPsf] cfFwLaf6 a'waf/ sDtLdf klg !!

JolQmsf] d[To' ePsf] ;dfrf/ 5. o;} cfFwLsf sf/0f nfvf}F JolQm lj:yflkt ePsf 5g\ . pgLx?nfO{ a'waf/ ;'/lIft :yndf ;fl/Psf] hgfOPsf] 5 .

lkmlnlkG;sf] /fli6« o k| s f] k Joj:yfkg kl/ifb\n] ;f] cfFwLdf k/L a'waf/ laxfg} sDtLdf klg !! JolQmsf] Hofg uPsf] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 . :yfgLo clwsf/Lx¿n] yk s]xL JolQmsf] klg Hofg uPsf] x'g;Sg] PPkmkL ;dfrf/ ;ldltnfO{ hfgsf/L lbPsf 5g\

. cfFwLsf] sf/0f ;/sf/L ejg elTsFbf Ps p4f/stf{sf] ;d]t d[ T o' ePsf] hgfOPsf] 5 . dlgnfb]lv pQ/klZrdL l5d]sdf kg]{ k|fGtdf klg b'O{ a[4fsf] d[To' ePsf] 5 . k| s f] k lgoGq0f kl/ifb\sf cg';f/ sl/a tLg nfv %) xhf/ JolQm z/0fsf] vf]hLdf lj:yflkt ePsf 5g\ .

rfns/lxt ljdfg cfqmd0fdf kGw|sf] d[To' O:nfdfjfb, #@ c;f/ . kfls:tfgsf] pQ/–klZrdL cflbjf;L ;x/ btfv]n Onfsfdf cd] l /sfn] a' w af/ u/] s f] rfns/lxt ljdfg cfqmd0fdf sDtLdf !% JolQmsf] d[To' ePsf] 5. ;f] If] q sf :yfgLo ;~rf/dfWodn] hgfPcg' ; f/ a'waf/ laxfg}b]lv cd]l/sL tL ljdfgn] ;f] bftfv]n Onfsfdf cfqmd0f u/]sf lyP .

:yfgLo 6]lnlehg Rofgn b' l gofsf cg' ; f/ kfls:tfg / ckmuflg:tfgsf] ;Ldf If] q df /x] s f] pQ/ jflhl/:tfgsf] ;Ldf If]q /x]sf] btfv] n Onfsfdf cd] l /sL rfns/lxt ljdfgn] rf/j6f If]Kof:q cfqmd0f u/]sf hgfOPsf] 5. o; jif{sf] ;'?b]lv xfn;Dd ul/Psf] cd] l /sL rfns/lxt ljdfg cfqmd0f of]

kfFrf} k6ssf] xf] . o;jif{ ;'?b]lv xfn;Dd o; Onfsfdf ul/Psf] cd] l /sL dfgj/lxt ljdfg cfqmd0fdf $% JolQmsf] d[To' x'gs ' f] ;fy} cGo sof}F 3fOt] ePsf] atfOPsf] 5 . pQ/L jflhl/:tfgdf kfls:tfgL ;}lgsn] cftª\ssf/L lj?4 leif0f cfqmd0f hf/L /fv]sf] o; cj:yfdf cd]l/sfn] klg cfqmd0f u/] s f] atfOPsf] 5 . /f;;÷l;GXjf

n}lËs lx+;f af/] hfgsf/L n}lËs lje]bdf cwfl/t lx+;f eGgfn] To:tf ;Dk"0f{ sfo{x?nfO{ j'emfp5 h'g s'g}] klg JolQmnfO{ p;sf] lnËsf] cwf/df ;dflhs n}lËs lje]baf6 lgb]l{ zt eO{ ul/Psf] x'G5 . o:tf gs/fTds sfdx?leq zfl//Ls, dfgl;s , of}lgs ?kn] kL8f lbg] , kL8f k'/ofpg] vfnsf] Jojxf/ ug]{ To:tf sfo{sf lglDt 8/ b]vfpg], wDSofpg] h:tf Jojxf/x?b]lv lnP/ JolQmsf] cwf/e't :jtGqtf vl08t ug]; { Ddsf s'g} klg sfdx? jf ;j} sfdx? x'g ;Sb5g . lx+;fsf d'Vo sf/0fx? != dlxnf / k'?ifjLr /x]sf lje]bk"0f{ d"NodfGotf tyf Jojxf/x? @= lje]bk"0f{ gLltut Joj:yf -c;dfg sfg'g_ #= lje]bk"0f{ sfdsf] ljefhg - dlxnfn] j9L sfd ug'k{ g]{ 3/leqsf] sfd tyf ;]jfd"ns sfdx? kfoM dlxnfn] g} ug'k{ g]{ , k'?ifn] k};f sdfpg] , h;/L ePklg 3/Jojxf/ rnfpg'kg]{ tyf ;f]xL cg'?k sfd ug'k{ g],{ dlxnfsf] sfdnfO{ sd dfGotf lbg]_ $= ;|ft] / ;fwgx?dfly c;dfg kx'r F / lgoGq0fM 3/v]t k'?ifsf] gfddf x'g] , dlxnfn] To;af6 cfPsf] pTkfbgnfO{ ef]urng ug{ kfP klg cfkmgf] cfjZostfcg';f/ a]rlavg ug{ gkfpg] h:tf l:yltx? . %= dlxnfs] z/L/ , pTkfbg / utLzLntsf] lgoGq0fM dlxnfn] slxn], slt, aRrf kfpg], ljjfx ug]{ jf gug]{ h:tf JolQmut s'/fx?sf] lg0f{o dlxnf cfkm}n] ug{ gkfpg] . pgsf] jf/]df lg0f{o >Ldfg a'jf cfdf, ;f;';;'/ h:Tff kl/jf/sf cGo ;b:ox?n] ug]{ . ^= dlxnfn] sfd ug]{ If]q / lx88'ndf lgoGq0f M dlxnf] aflx/ hfg x'bg} , ;fyL;Fu lx8g ;fem k/]kl5 lx8g x'bg} h:tf ljleGg lgoGq0fx? .

Psåf/ ;+s6 Joj:yfkg s]Gb| lhNnf c:ktfn dn+ujf, ;nf{xL

y'k|} 5f]/Lx? cfkm\gf a'jfsf] Nfflu /fhs'df/L x'g] u5{g\ . t/ s] tkfO{+Nf] slxNf] cfkm\gf] a'jfNf] tkfO{+NffO{ /fhs'df/L agfpgsf Nfflu Pp6f 5'6\b} b]z agfOlbg] af/]df ;f]Rg' ePsf] 5 . ;fob 5}g . t/ elh{lgofsf Ps JolQmNf] of] s'/fNffO{ oyfy{df abNf]sf 5g\ . elh{ l gofdf a:g] h]/]ldof lx6gNf] cfkm\gL ;ft jifLof 5f]/L PldlNfNffO{ /fhs'df/L agfpg] s;d vfPsf lyP . cfkm\gf] s;d k'/f ug{sf Nfflu lx6gNf] /]lu:tfgdf lgs} lbgsf] ofqf u/] . pgNf] Pp6f o:tf] If]qsf] vf]hL u/]sf lyP h;df ld> / ;'8fgdWo] s;}sf] klg xs gxf];\ . cGTodf, …la/ tfljNf' If]qdf k'u]/ pgsf] vf]hL sfo{sf] cGTo eof] / ToxfF pgNf] cfkm\gf 5f]/f5f]/LNf] l8hfOg u/]sf] em08f uf8]/ pQm hldgdf cfkm\gf] xs

bfaL u/] . ToxfFaf6 kmls{;s]kl5 lx6g / pgsL >LdtL ldNf]/ cfkm\gL 5f]/Lsf] Nfflu Pp6f tfh agfP / cfkm\ g f ;fyLx? / kl/jf/;F u ldNf] / pgNffO{ /fhs'df/L ePsf] 3f]if0ff u/] . /fhs'df/L Pd]NfLsf] If]q *)) ju{ ldNfsf] 5 h;df clxNf];Dd ;'8fg / ld>dWo] s;}Nf] klg bfaL u/]sf 5}g\ . of] If]qsf] vf]hdf pgNf]

lx6gNf] /]lu:tfgdf !$ lbgsf] ofqf u/]sf lyP . vf]hL ug{] qmddf pgNf] pQ/–k"jL{ clk|msfdf of] If]q kfP . ToxfFsf] hg;+Vof z'Go 5 . pgLx?Nf] cfkm\ g f] ;kgfsf] b]zsf] gfd …ls+u8d ckm gy{ ;'8fg' /fv]sf 5g\ . lx6gsf aRrfx?Nf] cfkm\gf] b]zdfkm{t clk| m sfsf ul/a aRrfx?sf] d2t ug{ rfxG5g\ . -Ph]G;L_

/f}tx6df #@ emf]n] lawfno vf/]lhsf] l;kmfl/; ;+ho ld>f /f} t x6 #@ ciff9 . /f} t x6 lhNnfsf] laleGg :yfgdf /x]sf #@ emf] n ] lawfno vf/] l hsf] l;kmfl/; ul/Psf] 5 . lhNnf lzIff;ldltsf] a'wjf/ a;]sf] a} 7 ssf] lg0f{ o cg' ; f/ #@ lawfno vf/] l hsf] l;kmfl/; u/LPsf] xf] . clVtof/ b' ? kof] u cg';w+ fgsf] sfo{jfxLdf k/]sf] @( / :j]lR5s ltg u/L s'n #@ lawfno vf/]lhsf] l;kmfl/; ePsf] lhNnflzIff clwsf/L c/laGbnfn s0f{n] atfPsf 5g . clVtof/sf] lgb]z { g k5L lzIff dGqfnoaf6 cfPsf] laif]z6f]nLn] ;d]t :ynut lgl/If0f k5L vf/]lhsf] l;kmfl/; ePsf] hgfOPsf] 5 . To;}u/L lgoldt ;~rfngdf g/x]sf !(

lawfnonfO cGo lawfnodf ;dfof]hg ug]{ a}7saf6 lg0f{o ePsf] clwsf/L s0f{n] atfP . lhNnfdf /x]sf s'n b'O;o !$ emf] n ] lawfno DfWo] cfhsf] lg0f{oaf6 lawfno ;+Vof 36]/ Ps;o ^# dfq e afFls /xg] 5 . afF l s /x] s f ;a} lawfnosf ;~rfnsx?nfO >fjg dxLgfe/L :j]lR5s ;dfof]hgsf] nfuL lnlvt

/ df}lvs ;'rgfu/LPsf] 5 . >fjg k5L lgl/If0fsf] s| d df sdL sdhf] / L b] l vg] lawfnosf ;~rfns dfyL s8f sfo{jfxL u/Lg] r]tfjgL lbOPsf] lzIff;| f ] t n] hgfPsf] 5 . lhNnflzIff ;ldltsf cWoIf Pj+ lgldt :yflgo lasf; clwsf/L x]d/fh km'ofnsf] cWoIftfdf a}7s ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .

afujfgL s]Gb|=== sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] xf] . ;fj{hlgs ;'gj' fO{ sfo{qmddf ;xefuLx?n] jflif{s sfo{qmd ;fj{hlgs gePsf], 7]Ssf k|lqmof k'/fgf] z}nLsf] /x]sf], ;fj{hlgs vl/b k|lqmof gckgfO{Psf], gful/s a8fkq g/flvPsf] nufotsf ljifodf u'gf;f] /fv]sf lyP . s]Gb|sf k|dv ' /fs]z cf]emfn] n]vf k|dv ' nufot n]vf kmfF6sf s]lx sd{rf/Lx? g/x]sfn] cfly{s ultljwL ;fj{hlgs ug{ g;s]sf] atfpg'eof] . s]Gb|df cfly{s jif{ @)&)÷)&! df s]Gb|sf] b'O{ s/f]8 (( nfv dWo] Ps s/f]8 ah]6 lk|mh ePsf] hgfOPsf] 5 .

s] tkfO{ sfdsf nflu ljb]z g} hfg] x'ge ' of] < hfg] g} xf] eg] = =========== – sf] dfkm{t hfb} x'gx' G' 5 < s]xL yfxf 5 < Ph]06 jf Dofgkfj/ sDkgL Ohfht kq k|fKt xf] sL xf]O{g s]lx yfxf 5 < – s'g b]z hfb} x'gx' G' 5 yfxf 5 < To; b]zsf] efiff, wd{, /xg;xg cflb af/]df tkfO{nfO{ s]xL hfgsf/L 5 < – tkfO{;uF ljb]zdf sfd ug]{ s]xL ;Lk 5 < lgMz'Ns ;Lk tflndsf] af/]df s]xL yfxf 5 < – :jf:Yo k/LIf0f , aLdf / >d :jLs[ltsf] af/]df s]xL hfgsf/L 5 < – ljb]zdf ;d:ofdf k/]df s] ug]{ s]xL yfxf 5 < – o; qmddf 7uL jf hfn;fhLdf k/]df s] ug]{ s]xL ;f]Rg' ePsf] 5 < nufotsf ljifox?df lgMz'Ns k/fdz{sf] nflu ;'/lIft cfk|jf;g ;"rgf s]Gb|df cjZo hfg'xf];\ / cfkm\gf] j}bl] zs ofqfnfO{ ;s];Dd ;'/lIft / pknlAwd'ns agfpg'xf];\ . ;"rgf s]Gb|n] pknAw u/fpg] ;]jfx? M– != ;'/lIft j}bl] zs /f]huf/ ;DalGw cfjZos ;"rgfx? pknAw u/fpg] . @= j}bl] zs /f]huf/df ;Lkd'ns tflnd lnP/ dfq hfg clek|l] /t ug],{ ;fy} lgMz'Ns ;Lk tflndsf nflu l;kmfl/z ug]{ #= j}bl] zs /f]huf/df hfFbf clen]vj4 - sfg'gL k|lqmof dfkm{t _ eP/ hfg clek|l] /t ug]{ / o;sf k|lqmofx?sf] af/]df hfgsf/L u/fpg] . $= ladf u/fpbf, :jf:Yo k/LIf0f u/fpFbf, s/f/gfdfdf x:tfIf/ ubf{ / Dofgkfj/ sDkgL 5g}f6 ubf{ Wofg lbg'kg]{ s'/fx?sf] hfgsf/L u/fpg] . %= g]kfnL /fhb'tfjf;, jfl0fHo b'tfjf;, cfk|jf;L g]kfnL ;+3 ;+:yfx? / >d ;xrf/Lx?sf] hfgsf/L tyf ;Dks{ gDa/x? pknAw u/fpg] ^= j]kQf ePsf jf h]ndf k/]sf g]kfnL sfdbf/x?sf] l:ylt kQf nufpg ;DalGwt b"tfjf; tyf ;+3;+:yfdfkm{t cfjZos ;xof]u ug]{ . &= 7uL ePsf] d'Bfx?sf] sfg'gL pkrf/sf] nflu sf7df8f}+ l:yt ;DalGwt ;]jf k|bfos ;F:yfx?df l;kmfl/z ug]{ *= d[To' ePsf / c+ue+u ePsf sfdbf/sf] xsdf j}bl] zs /f]huf/ k|j4{g jf]8a{ f6 k|fKt x'g] IftLk"lt{ pknAw u/fO{lbg ;xof]u ug]{ . sfof{ n o ;do M– –cfOtjf/b]lv laxLaf/ ljxfg !) ah]b]lv a]n'sf % ah];Dd .

– z'qmaf/ ljxfg !) ah]b]lv cfkx|fGg # ah];Dd . gf]6 M– ;"rgf s]Gb|n] j}b]lzs /f]huf/sf nflu k|f]T;fxg jf lg?T;fxg ug]{ geO{ cfjZos ;"rgfx? k|bfg u/L ;+jlGwt JolQm :jo+nfO{ hfgsf/o'Qm lg0f{o ug{ ;xof]u ug]{ xf] . ;'/lIft cfk|jf;g kl/of]hgf /fli6«o /f]huf/ k|j4{g s]Gb x]Ne]6f; :jL; OG6/sf]ck/]zg g]kfn dn+ujf, ;nf{xL ;Dks{ M kmf]g g+= )$^–%@!%)@

dw]z kf]i6

lh=k|= sf= ;nf{xL btf{ gDa/ $@÷)^^÷)^&

@)&! >fj0f

alnp8 gflosf sl6«gf s}km #! aif{df k|jz ] u/]sL l5g . rNflrq …a'da' f6 alnp8df k|jz ] u/]sL s}km cfh ;j{flws rr{f / prfOdf l5g . alnp8df gfos ;ndfg vfg;Fusf] k|d] k|;u+ n] pgL rr{fdf lyOg . t/ cfh pgsf] / gfos /0fjL/ sk'/sf] k|d] lgSs} prfOdf 5 . !^ h'nfO{, !(*# df pgsf] hGd xªsªdf ePsf] lyof] . pgsf] rr{f clego;Fu} gfosx?;Fusf] k|d] rr{fn] klg x'g] ub{5 . pgsf]] jf:tljs gfd sl6«gf 6f/s]6L xf] . pgn] cfkm\gf] lhGbuLsf] w]/} aif{ !* j6f b]zdf latfPsL l5g . pgsf] ;ft lbbL alxgL 5g . pgsf] 3'Dg] afgL 5 . sl6«gfn] alnp8df y'k|} lx6 l;g]df lbO;s]sL l5g . pgsf] alnp8 ofqf !! aif{df rNb}5 .

;"rLdf HofdL sfd ug]x{ ¿ k/]sf 5g\ .

To;}u/L sf7sf] d"Nodf klg ef/L j[l4 ePsf] 5 . ;dLIff cjlwdf To;sf] d"No ;f9] tLg u'0ffn] a9]sf] ;"rsfª\sdf pNn]v 5 . lgdf{0f ;fdu|Lsf] d"No &) k|ltztn] a9]sf] tyf lgdf{0f dhb"/sf] Hofnf !@* k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf] 5 . Xo'd kfOk, lhcfO{

b'O{ o'jtL;lxt rf/ kqmfp dxf]t/L, #@ c;f/ . nnfOkmsfO{ o'jtLnfO{ ef/tdf a]Rg n}hfg nfu] s f b' O { o' j tL;lxt rf/hgfnfO{ dxf] Q /L ;z:q k|x/Ln] dª\unaf/ leÝfdf]8af6 kqmfp u/]sf] 5 . kqmfp kg]d { f ef/tsf] ljxf/ /fHocGtu{t dw'jgL u|fd k~rfot–@^ 3/eO{ xfn hgsk'/ gu/kflnsf–$ a:g] @! jifL{o clegGbg 7fs'/, zlg 7fs'/ dfO{:yfg–& a:g] !* jifL{of lg;fs'df/L vkfFuL / d':sfg

kfOk, /f]8f9'ªu\ f, df6f] / afn'jfsf] d"No klg cgk]lIft?kdf a9]sf] 5.

To:t} cf} B f] l us pTkfbgsf] d" N o klg !!& k|ltztaf6 a9]/ !#% k|ltztdf k'u]sf] 5 . cf}Bf]lus If]qsf] pTkfbsTjsf] d"No ;"rsfª\sn] klg ;a}lt/ d"Noj[l4 ePsf] b]vfPsf] 5 .

6«sn] 6]Dk'nfO{ 7Ss/ lbFbf b'Os { f] d[To', ;ft 3fOt] k;f{, #@ c;f/ . jL/uGhsf] gujfdf cfh laxfg 6«sn] 6]Dk'nfO{ 7Ss/ lbFbf b'Oh { gfsf] 36gf:yndf g} d[To' ePsf] 5 . /S;f}naf6 jL/uGhtkm{ cfpFb} u/]sf]] gf!x $#@ gDa/sf] 6] D k' n fO{ ;f] x L lbzfaf6 cfpFb} u/]sf] gf$v (!$ gDa/sf] 6«sn] k5fl8af6 7Ss/ lbFbf 6]Dk'sf rfns;lxt b'Oh { gfsf] d[To' ePsf] xf] .

6« s n] 7Ss/ lbF b f 6] D k' r fns jL/uGh pkdxfu/kflnsf–!( gujf lgjf;L #@ jifL{o dG;'/ b]jfg / ef/tsf] cfGw| k | b ] z x} b /fjfb

lgjf;L kyOof kf/fsf * jifL{o 5f]/fsf] 36gf:yndf g} d'To' ePsf] lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no k;f{n] hgfPsf] 5 .

6«ssf] 7Ss/af6 6]Dk'df ;jf/ /x]sf ;nf{xL O{Zj/k'/–^ lgjf;L /fdgf/o0f dfemL, /fdrGb| dfemL, emu? dfemL, ;f]on dfemL, ;nf{xL ahf/uGh-! lgjf;L /fdhL /fo / ef/t cfGw|k|b]z x}b/fafb lgjf;L kyOof kf/f /x]sf] k|x/Ln] hgfPsf] 5 . 3fOt] ;a} s f] jL/uGhsf] gf/fo0fL pkIf]qLo c:ktfndf pkrf/ eO/x]sf] 5 .

3fOt] d Wo] ef/tLo gful/s

kyOof kf/fsf] cj:yf lrGtfhgs /x]sf] k|x/Ln] atfPsf] 5 . rfns d[To'sf] lj/f]wdf 6] D k' r fns ;ª\ 3 n] jL/uGh afOkf; ;8sv08sf] gujf / 306f3/rf] s df 6] D k' af6f] d f t]:of{O{ cj?4 u/]sf] 5 . d[tssf cfl>t kl/jf/nfO{ plrt Ifltk"lt{ / bf]ifLnfO{ sf/afxLsf] dfu ub} { rfnsx¿n] ;8s cj?4 u/]sf] k|x/Ln] hgfPsf] 5.

7Ss/ lbg] 6«s k|x/L lgoGq0fdf /x] klg rfns km/f/ /x]sf] k|x/Ln] hgfPsf] 5 .

SjfnfnDk'/l:yt g]kfnL b"tfjf; cfOtaf/ klg v'Ng] sf7df8f},F #@ c;f/ . dn]l;ofdf /x]sf g]kfnL tyf cGo ;]jfu|fxLnfO{ ;xh?kdf ;] j f k| j fx ug{ SjfnfnDk' / l:yt g] k fnL /fhb" t fjf;n] cfOtaf/ klg sfof{no ;~rfng ug]{ ePsf] 5 . cfufdL ;fpg !^ ut]bl] v cfOtaf/ klg b"tfjf;n] ;]jf k|jfx ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] SjfnfnDk'/af6 dn]l;ofsf

nflu g] k fnL /fhb" t 8f lg/~hgdfgl;+x a:Goftn] nfO{ atfpg' e of] . x:tlnlvt /fxbfgLnfO{ oGqn] k9\g] /fxbfgL -Pdcf/kL_n] k| l t:yfkg ug{ ;]jfu|fxLnfO{ ;xhxf];\ eg]/ xfdLn] cfOtaf/ klg ;]jf k|jfx ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf xf}–F pxfFn] eGg'eof], oxfF sfo{/t g]kfnLnfO{ cfOtaf/ labf

x'G5, labfsf lbg pgLx¿nfO{ ;]jf k|fKt ug{ ;lhnf] x'g5 ] . z'qmaf/ eg] b"tfjf; aGb x'g] hfgsf/L lbFb} /fhb"t a:Goftn] cfOtaf/ b"tfjf; ;~rfng u/]klg oxfF /x]sf g]kfnLnfO{ b"tfjf;af6 Pdcf/kL k|fKt ug{ ;lhnf] x'g] atfpg'eof] . xfn dn]l;ofdf kfFr nfvsf] xf/fxf/Ldf g]kfnL sfo{/t 5g\ .

km];a'sdf k|ltlqmof n]vs ] f sf/0f y'lgPsf /xdfgn] ;kmfO kfP /fhlj/fh, #@ c;f/ . km];a'sdf k|ltlqmof n]vs ] f sf/0f y'lgPsf ;Kt/L kf]tf{xf uflj;–! sf d'Ggf elgg] cAb'n /xdfgnfO{ sf7df8f}F lhNnf cbfntn] dª\unaf/ ;kmfO lbg] km};nf u/]sf] 5 . sf7df8f} F lhNnf cbfntsf GofofwLz s'nk|;fb zdf{sf] Ohnf;n] /xdfgnfO{ ;kmfO lbg] km} ; nf u/] s f] /xdfgn] hfgsf/L lbPsf 5g\ . gful/s b} l gsdf k|sflzt …;Kt/Ldf ;'wbF| f] ;'/IffÚ eGg] zLif{ssf] ;dfrf/ km];a'sdf ;fj{hlgs x'Fbf /xdfgn] ut h]7 !& ut] /flt ……s] sf] ;'lw|g' ' cfˆg} rf]/L ePsf] afOs lkmsf{pg k};f ltg' { kl//f5 . Tof] klg %) xhf/ .ÚÚ eGg] k|ltlqmof n]v]sf lyP .

;fdflhs ;~hfn km];a'sdf k|ltlqmof n]vs ] } sf/0f /fhlj/fh– # af6 /xdfgnfO{ ;Kt/L k|x/Ln] ut h]7 !* ut] lu/ˆtf/ u/L y'g5]s cfb]zsf nflu ut c;f/ @ ut] ;Kt/L lhNnf cbfntdf k]; u/]sf] lyof] . ljB' t Lo sf/f] a f/ P]gljk/Ltsf] ck/fw d'2f x]g]{ If] q flwsf/ sf7df8f} F lhNnf cbfnt;dIf lu/ˆtf/ JolQmnfO{ af6f]sf] Dofbafx]s @$ 306fleq pkl:yt u/fpg'kg]d{ f lhNnf k|x/L sfof{non] If]qflwsf/ gkfPsf] ;Kt/L lhNnf cbfntaf6 Dofb yk ub}{ lx/f;tdf /fv]/ c;f/ @ ut] cbfntdf d'2f k]; u/]sf] lyof] . ;Kt/L k|x/Ln] ljB'tLo sf/f]af/ P]gcGtu{t cbfnt;Fu

$

5f]6s/L ;dfrf/

On]lS6«l;og / k]G6/sf] Hofnf ;jf{lws sf7df8f},F #@ c;f/ . rfn' cfly{s jif{df …On]lS6«l;ogÚ / …k]G6/Úsf] Hofnf ;jf{lws j[l4 ePsf] 5 . s] G b| L o tYofª\ s ljefun] a'wjf/ ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] lgdf{ 0 f If] q sf] nfut d" N o ;"rsfª\scg';f/ lah'nLsf] sfd ug]{ / 3/ /ª/f]ug ug]{ dhb'/sf] Hofnf !@* k| l tztn] a9] s f] 5 . clws Hofnf kfpg] t];|f]

! ut], lalxjf/

kfFr jif{; { Ddsf] s}b / ? Ps nfv;Dd hl/jfgf dfu ub}{ d'2f k]; u/]sf] lyof] . ;Kt/L lhNnf cbfntn] ljB' t Lo sf/f] a f/ P]gljk/Ltsf] ck/fw d'2f x]g]{ If] q flwsf/ sf7df8f} F lhNnf cbfntsf] ePsf] eGb} c;f/ # ut] cfb] z u/] k l5 k| x /Ln] /xdfgnfO{ c;f/ % ut] sf7df8f}F lhNnf cbfnt k' ¥ ofPsf] lyof] . cbfntn] pgnfO{ ut c;f/ ^ ut] ? kfFr xhf/ w/f}6L lnO{ tf/] v df l/xf u/] s f] lyof] . sf7df8f} F lhNnf cbfntsf] cfb] z adf] l hd tf/]vsf nflu /xdfg dª\unaf/ sf7df8f} F lhNnf cbfntdf pkl:yt ePsf lyP .

OlGhlgo/ / Nf]vf clws[t kqmfp sf7df8f}+ #@ c;f/ . ;]jfu|fxLaf6 /sd lNfPsf] cf/f]kdf clVtof/Nf] l8lehg ;8s sfo{fNfo g+ ! bf]Nfvf rl/sf]6sf ;j OlGhlgo/ pd]z /fh ;'j]bL / Nf]vf clws[t hLjg k|sfz dxt/fNffO{ kqmfp u/]sf] 5. ;f]lx sfo{fNfosf] ;/sf/L lgjf;df a:b} cfPsf plgx?sf] 8]/faf6 /sd ;d]t clVtof/Nf] j/fdb u/]sf] 5 . ;'jb] Lsf] 8]/faf6 ! Nffv $! xhf/ ^ ;o () / dxt/fsf] 8]/faf6 $ Nffv () xhf/ ! ;o ?k} o fF j/fdt ePsf] clVtof/sf k|jQmf >Lw/ ;fksf]6fNf] hf/L u/] s f] lj1lKtdf pNNf] v ul/Psf] 5. plgx?xaf/] yk cg';Gwfg eO/x]sf] ;kfsf]6fNf] atfpg'eof] .

cToflws dlb/f ;]jgaf6 d[To' dw]z ;dfrf/bftf /f}tx6 #) c;f/ . /f}tx6l:yt cToflwsdfqfdf dlb/f ;]jgn] Pshgfsf]dT[ o' ePsf] 5 . :yflgo a;Gtkl§ ufp ljsf; ;ldlt j8f g+ ^ sf @& alif{o ljgf]b 7fs'/ xhfdsf] dlb/f cTolws dfqfdf ;]jg u/]sf sf/0f d[To' ePsf] k|xl/n] hgfPsf] 5 . d+unjf/ ;fem ufps} :yflgo dlb/f el6df /S;L ;]jg ul/ 3/ kmlqmg] qmddf gx/df n8]/ 7s'/sf] d[To' ePsf] lyof] . cToflws 3/] n ' /S;L ;]jg u/L dfltP/ 3/ kms{]sf 7fs'/sf] gx/df v;]/ d[To' ePsf] xf] . :yfgLon] zj b]v/] k|x/LnfO{ va/ u/] s f lyP . zjnfO{ kf]i6df6{dsf nfu lhNnf c:ktfn uf}/df k7fOPsf] tyf 36gfaf/] cg';w+ fg eO/x]sf] k|x/Lk|jStf Pj+ l8P:kL led 9sfnn] atfPsf 5g .

hg;+Vof ==== cGts[ o f sfo{ q mddf hg:jf:Yo lgl/Ifs k|efs/ emfn] rfn' cfly{s jif{df sfof{non] u/]sf] sfd / pknAwLsf af/]df ;xefuL ;+ r f/sdL{ x ?nfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg'ePsf] lyof] . lhNnfdf /x]sf] hg;+Vof / :jf:Yo k|lt b]vfkg]]{ ;d:ofnfO{ ;+rf/ dfWodx?n] k|fyldstfsf ;fy p7fO{ lbgx'gsf nflu :jf:Yo sfof{nosf kl/jf/ lgof]hg clws[t ;+lhj ofbjn] cfu|x ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

n'Fu]nL /x]sf] ;z:q k|x/L an eG;f/ tyf /fh:j u:tL u'Nd leÝfdf]8n] hgfPsf] 5 . kqmfp k/] s f rf/}hgfnfO{ lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no dxf]Q/Ldf a'emfOPsf] 5 . vkfFuL / n'Fu]nLnfO{ ljjfx u5'{ eg]/ k|nf]eg b]vfO{ 7fs'/;lxt rf/hgf o'jfn] ef/tsf] d'DaO{df a]Rg nlu/x]sf] k|x/L;dIf pgLx¿n] aofg lbPsf 5g\ . 36gfdf ;+nUg cGo b'O{ o'js km/f/ /x]sf] lhNnf k|x/L sfof{non] hgfPsf] 5 .

df}gf k~rdL dgfO“b} wg'iff, #@ c;f/ . ldlynf~rndf nf]s kj{ df}gf k~rdL a'wjf/ >4fk"js { dgfOFb5 } . of] kj{df b"w / wfgsf] nfafn] df}g eO{ eujtL ljifx/fsf] k"hf ul/G5 . k"hf k~rf]krf/ / bzf]krf/ ul/g] rng /x]sf] 5 . ;fpg dlxgfdf jiff{/De ePkl5 ;k{sf] b'nf]df kfgL k;]kl5 ;k{nfO{ afWo eO{ b'nf]af6 aflx/ lgl:sg] cj:yf l;h{gf x'G5 . ;f]xL cj:yfnfO{

Wofgdf /fVb} ;k{bz + sf] lgjf/0ffy{ dg;fb]jLsf] hGdlbgdf cf/fwgf ub}{ of] kj{ dgfOG5 . ldlynf~rndf of] kj{df eujtL ljifx/fnfO{ lv/ / 3f]bhfpb -bxL, g'g / rfdnn] ag] s f] kl/sf/_ clk{ t u/L k|;fbsf ¿kdf ef]hg ul/G5 . o;df gLdsf] kft, cldnf] kmn, sfutL vfFb} y'Sg] ul/G5, h;af6 ;fne/ ljifsf] s'ke | fj z/L/df gkg]{ hgljZjf; /x]sf] 5 .

u}/ cfjf;Lo g]kfnL /fhb"t lgo'Qm sf7df8f}F, #@ c;f/ . /fi6«klt 8f /fdj/0f ofbjn] g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# sf] wf/f !%) adf]lhd dlGqkl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/;df ;+o'Qm /fi6«;ª\3, Go"of]s{sf nflu g]kfnsf] :yfoL k| l tlglw kbdf sfo{ / t

b'uf{k; | fb e§/fO{nfO{ af]lnefl/og, u0ftGq e]g]h'Pnf / k]?sf nflu u}/ cfjf;Lo g]kfnL /fhb"t kbdf a' w jf/ lgo' Q m ug' { ePsf] 5 . /fi6«klt sfof{noåf/f hf/L lj1lKtdf ;f] s' / f hgfOPsf] 5.

nfu'cf}ifw;lxt kqmfp O6x/L, #@ c;f/ . 7" n f] kl/df0fdf 3/df g} nfu'cf}ifw e08f/0f u/]/ laqmLljt/0f / ;]jg ub}{ cfPsf] cleof]udf nfu' c f} i fw ;lxt ef;L–$ em'Dsfaf6 afa'/fd rf}w/LnfO{ kqmfp ul/Psf] 5 . nfdf] ;dob] l v nfu' c f} i fw cf] ; f/k;f/ tyf a]rlavg / ;]jg ub}{ cfPsf] ;'/fssf cfwf/df If]qLo k|x/L

/fgLsf] Ao'/f] 6f]nLn] dª\unaf/ pgnfO{ 3/af6} kqmfp u/]sf] xf] . rf}w/Lsf] 3/af6 sf]/]S; %), gfO6« f ] h g 6Øfan] 6 @!) / O:kf:df] &$$ j6f 6Øfan]6 a/fdb ul/Psf] k|x/Ln] atfPsf] 5 . kqmfp k/]sf rf}w/LnfO{ sfg'gL sf/afxLsf nflu lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no ;'g;/Ldf a'emfpg] sfo{ eO/x]sf] k|x/Ln] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 .