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d]if M ofqfsf] ofu j[if M cfDbgL a9\g] ldy'g M Jofkf/df pGgtL x'g] ss{6 M sfo{df ;kmntf ldNg]

l;+x M pkxf/ kfOg] of]u sGof M ofqfdf nfe ldNg] t'nf M ;fyL ;+u ;xof]u ldNg] j[lZrs M cfo>f]t a9\g] wg' M dfgl;s tgfj pTkGg x'g] ds/ M vr{df lgoGq0f ug'{ s'De M Psnf] dx;'; x'g] ldg M cy{k0" f{ ;Ddfg ldNg] /flzkmnn] h] ;+st] u/] klg /fd|f] sfd u/] /fd|} kmn kfOG5 .

lji0f' l3ld/] g] k fNfsf] ;+ l jwfg, @)&@ -d:of}bf_ tof/L x'g' cl3;Dd klg xfd|f] b]zsf] ;+ljwfg s'g b]zsf] ;+ljwfg;+u ldNf\bf]h'Nf\bf] agfpFbf g]kfNfL kl/j]z cg'?ksf] xf]Nff egL ljleGg kIfx?af6 /fo tyf k| l tlqmofx? cfPsf lyP. xfNf g]kfNfsf] ;+ljwfgsf] d:of}bf tof/ eO{ ;+ljwfg;efdf 5NfkmNf ;d]t u/L hgtfsf] /fo lNfg] qmddf /x]sf] 5 . blIf0f clk|msfdf eg] ;g\ !((^ df g} ;+3Lotf ;lxtsf] jt{dfg ;+ljwfg cfPsf] lyof] . hg;+ V of / b] z sf] If]qkmNfsf] t'Nfgf ub{f xfNf g]kfNfsf] cg'dflgt hg;+Vof s/La @ s/f]8 &) Nffv /x] s f] 5 eg] blIf0f clk|msfsf] xfNfsf] hg;+Vof s/La % s/f]8 #% Nffv /xsf] 5 . To;}u/L g]kfNfsf] s"Nf If]qkmNf !$&!*! au{ ls.dL . /xsf] 5 eg] blIf0f clk|msfsf] s"Nf If]qkmNf !@@!)#& au{ ls=dL= /x] s f] 5 . o;/L hg;+Vofsf] lx;faNf] s/La b'O{u'gf 7"Nff] / If]qkmNfsf lx;faNf] s/La cf7u'gf 7"Nff] b]z blIf0f clk|msfsf] ;+ljwfg / g]kfNfsf] ;+ljwfgsf] d:of}bfdf s] s:tf ;dfgtf / leGgtfx? /x]sf 5g eGg] ;Gbe{NffO{ o; Nf]vdf ;+If]kdf s]Nffpg] k|of; ul/Psf] 5 . ;+ljwfgsf] cfsf/NffO{ t' N fgf ub{ f g] k fNfsf] k| : tfljt ;+ljwfgdf s"Nf #& efu cGtu{t @(& j6f wf/fx? /x]sf] b]lvG5 eg] blIf0f clk|msfsf] ;+ljwfgdf s]xL sd efu tyf wf/fx? cy{ft\ hDdf !$ efu / @$# j6f wf/fx? /x]sf] b]lvG5 . ;+ljwfgsf] k|:tfjgfNffO{ x]b{f oL b'a} b]zsf ;+ljwfgdf w]/} 7"Nff] leGgtf b]lvb}g . d:of}bfsf] k|:tfjgfdf ;fj{ef}d;Qf g]kfNfL hgtfdf gLlxt /x]sf] pNNf]v x'g'sf cltl/Qm g]kfNfL hgtfNf] /fi6«lxt, Nff]stGq / cu|ufdL kl/jt{gsf Nfflu k6s–k6s ub{} cfPsf hgcfGbf]Nfg, ;z:q ;+3if{, Tofu / alNfbfgsf] kl/0ffd:j?k o; ;+ljwfg tof/ ePsf] pNf\Nf]v 5 . ;+ j } w flgs ;jf] { R rtf, ;+3Lo Nff]stflGqs zf;g Joj:yf, ax' b NfLo k| l tikw{ f , gful/s :jtGqtf, df} l Nfs tyf dfgjclwsf/sf] Uof/]G6L, cfjlws lgj{frg Nfufot Nff]stGq / sfg"gL /fHosf cfwf/e" t d" N o– dfGotfx¿NffO{ xfd| f ] d:of} b fNf] cfTd;ft\ u/]sf] kfO{G5 . To;}u/L blIf0f clk| m sfsf] ;+ l jwfgsf] k|:tfjgfdf klg hgtfdf lglxt ;fj{ef}d;Qf, ;+3Lo Nff]stflGqs u0ftGq, dfgjclwsf/, :jtGqtf, clae]b, sfg"gsf] zf;g, ;+j}wflgs ;j{ f ] R rtf, cfjlws lgj{ f rg, ax'bNfLo Joj:yf cflbNffO{ :jLsf/ ul/Psf] 5 . o;sf cltl/Qm pQ/bfoL, hjfkmb] x L / v' N ff ;/sf/sf] cjwf/0ff ;d]t blIf0f clk| m sfsf] ;+ l jwfgdf pNNf] v ul/Psf] 5 h'g s'/f ;f]xL ¿kdf g] k fNfsf] k| : tfljt d:of} b f ;+ljwfgdf b]lvFb}g . gful/stfsf] ;Gbe{df blIf0f clk|msfsf] ;+ljwfgdf ;a} gful/sNffO{ gful/stfsf] clwsf/ x' g ] / gful/stf k| f lKt tyf kl/Tofusf] ;DaGwdf /fli6« o sfg"gåf/f Jojl:yt ul/g] pNNf]v 5 eg] g]kfNfsf] k|:tfljt Joj:yfdf gful/stf k|flKtNffO{ gful/ssf] clwsf/sf ¿kdf g} pNfNf]v ePtf klg j+zh tyf clu+s[t gful/stf ;DaGwL w]/} k|fjwfgx¿ ;+ljwfgd} pNNf]v ul/Psf] 5 . b]zsf] e"– /fhgLlts cj:yf ;d]tNffO{ Wofg lbO{ g]kfNfdf gful/stf k|flKtsf ;DaGwdf dlxNff / k'?ifNffO{ ;dfg clwsf/ lbOPsf] b] l vF b } g . d:of} b fdf, g] k fNfdf ;/sf/L sfdsfhsf] efiffsf] ?kdf Psdfq b]jgfu/L lNfkLsf] g]kfNfL efiffNffO{ :jLsf/ ul/Psf] 5 eg] blIf0f clk| m sfdf P3f/j6f efiffNffO{

cf}krfl/s efiff :jLsf/ ul/Psf] 5 . g]kfNfsf] k|:tfljt d:of}bfdf ljleGg lsl;dsf df}lNfs xsx? h:t} ;Ddfgk"j{s afFRg kfpg] xs, :jtGqtfsf] xs, ;dfgtfsf] xs, cfd ;~rf/sf] xs, Gofo ;DaGwL xs, oftgf lj?åsf] xs, lgjf/s gh/jGb lj?åsf] xs, 5'jf5't tyf e]befj lj?åsf] xs, ;DklQsf] xs, wfld{s :jtGqtfsf] xs, ;"rgfsf] xs, uf] k gLotfsf] xs, zf] i f0f lj¿åsf] xs, jftfj/0f ;DaGwL xs, lzIff ;DaGwL xs, efiff tyf ;F:s[ltsf] xs, /f]hfu/Lsf] xs, >dsf] xs, :jf:Yo ;DaGwL xs, vfB ;DaGwL xs, cfjf;sf] xs, dlxNffsf] xs, afNfaflNfsfsf] xs, blNftsf] xs, Ho]i7 gful/ssf] xs, ;fdflhs Gofosf] xs, ;fdflhs ;'/Iffsf] xs, pkef]Qmfsf] xs, b]z lgsfNff lj?åsf] xs cflb h:tf w]/} xsx?sf] df}lNfs xssf] ¿kdf ;+ljwfgdf pNNf]v ul/Psf] 5 . blIf0f clk|msfsf] ;+ljwfgdf ;d]t oL clwsf+z df}lNfs xsx?sf] pNNf]v ul/Psf] 5 eg] pQm ;+ljwfgdf bf;tf tyf aNfk" j { s NfufO{ g ] >dNffO{ lgif]w ul/Psf] 5 h'g s'/f ;f] x L ?kdf g] k fNfsf] k| : tfljt ;+ljwfgdf pNfNf]v ul/Psf] b]lv+b}g.

To;}u/L cf/If0fNffO{ blIf0f clk|msfNf] df}lNfs xssf] ?kdf ;+ljwfgdf :jLsf/ u/] s f] 5 hf] g] k fNfsf] d:of}bf ;+ljwfgdf /fHosf gLltx? cGtu{t /fvL o;sf] sfo{fGjogsf ;DaGwdf s' g } cbfNftdf k| Z g p7fpg gkfpg] aGb]h u/L ;Lldt ug{ vf]lhPsf] b]lvG5 . To;f] t dlxNff xs, Ho]i7 gful/ssf] xs, pkef]Qmf xs h:tf s]xL yk df}lNfs xsx? g]kfNfsf] k|:tfljt ;+ljwfgdf pNNf] v ul/Psf] 5 h' g blIf0f clk| m sfsf] ;+ l jwfgdf b] l v+ b } g . g] k fNfdf pNNf] l vt xsx?sf] sfo{ f Gjogsf Nfflu cfjZostf cg';f/ tLg jif{leq sfg"gL Joj:yf ug{'kg{] ;d]t Joj:yf ul/g'sf ;fy} g] k fNfsf] ;+ j } w flgs O{ l txf;df klxNff]kN6 gful/ssf st{Jox? ;d]t ;+ljwfgd} pNNf]v ul/Psf] 5 h'g s'/f blIf0f clk|msfsf] ;+ljwfgdf b] l v+ b } g hxfF tL xsx?sf] sfo{ f Gjogsf ;DaGwdf ;f] e m} cbfNftdf k| Z g p7fpg ;Sg] Uof/]G6L ul/Psf] 5 . sfo{kflNfsftkm{ g]kfNfdf klg blIf0f clk|msfdf h:t} ;+3Lo, k|fb]lzs / :yfgLo u/L hDdf # txsf] ;/sf/sf] k|:tfj ul/Psf] 5. sfo{sf/L k|d'vsf] ?kdf blIf0f clk|msfdf /fi6«klt /xg] Joj:yf 5 eg] /fi6«klt g} ;/sf/ k|d'v tyf /fi6« k|d'v b'j} x'g] Joj:yf ToxfFsf] ;+ l jwfgNf] u/] s f] 5 . g] k fNfdf sfo{ s f/L k| d ' v sf] ?kdf k|wfgdGqLsf] k|:tfj ul/Psf] 5. g] k fNfdf k| : tfj ul/Ph:tf] ;]/]df]lgoNf /fi6«kltsf] k|fjwfg klg ToxfF 5}g. To;}Nf] sfo{sf/L k|d'vsf] clwsf/sf b[ l i6Nf] klg blIf0f clk| m sfsf] /fi6« k ltNffO{ eGbf g]kfNfdf k|wfgdGqLNffO{ s]xL sd clwsf/ k| : tfj ul/Psf] h:tf] b]lvG5 . blIf0f clk|msfdf /fli6«o ;efNf] -g]kfNfsf] k|ltlglw;ef h:t}_ ;f] ;efsf ;b:ox?dWo] a f6 /fi6«klt -k|]l;8]G6_ sf] lgj{frg ug{] / /fi6«kltsf] ?kdf lgo'Qm eO{ ;s]kl5 lghsf] ;+;b ;b:osf] kb :jt: l/Qm x'g] Joj:yf /x]sf] 5. ;/sf/ c:yL/ gxf]: eGg] clek|foNf] lghNffO{ x6fpg /fli6«o ;efsf] b'O{ltxfO{ ax'dtsf] k|fjwfg pQm b]zdf /flvPsf] 5 . g]kfNfdf eg] ;fdfGo ax' d taf6 sfo{ s f/L k|d'vNffO{ x6fpg ;lsg] Joj:yf eP klg d:of}bfdf o; k6s gf}Nff] k|of]usf] ?kdf k|wfgdGqL lgo'Qm ePsf] sDtLdf @ aif{ k"/f geO{ lghNffO{ x6fpg cljZjf;sf] k|:tfj Nofpg gldNg] ;+j}wflgs Joj:yf ug{ vf]lhPsf] b]lvG5 . To;}u/L g] k fNfsf] k| : tfljt ;+ l jwfgdf

ljutsf c;+ultx?NffO{ Go"g ug{] clek|foNf] ;+3Lo dlGqk/lifbsf] ;+Vof tf]sL a9Ldf @% hgf / k|b]zdf k|b]z ;efsf s"Nf ;b:o ;+Vofsf] aL; k|ltztdf a9fpg gkfpg] u/L dlGqkl/ifbsf] ;+Vof ;+ljwfgdf g} ls6fg ul/Psf] 5 h' g aGb] h blIf0f clk| m sfdf b]lv+b}g .

Joj:yflksfsf] xsdf g]kfNfdf k|:tfljt k|ltlglw;ef h:t} blIf0f clk| m sfdf tNNff] ;bgsf] ?kdf /fli6« o ;ef / g]kfNfsf] /fli6«o;ef h:t} Toxf+ dflyNf\Nff] ;bgsf] ?kdf /fli6«o k| f Gt kl/ifb\ (National Councils of Provinces) /xg] Joj:yf 5. g] k fNfdf k|ltlglw;efdf k|ToIf lgj{flrt !^% / ;dfg' k flts lgj{ f rg k|0ffNfLaf6 lgj{flrt !!) u/L ldl>t lgj{frg kåtLaf6 hDdf @&% hgf ;f+;b ;b:osf] k|:tfj ul/Psf] 5 eg] blIf0f clk|msfdf 36Ldf #%) / a9Ldf $)) hgf ;b:o /xg] u/L ;+ljwfgdf NflrNff] ;+Vofsf] Joj:yf ul/Ptf klg xfNf clwstd ;+Vof cy{ft\ $)) hgf ;f+;b g} ;f] ;efdf sfod /x]sf] cj:yf 5, h;df ;a} kb;+Vof ;dfg'kflts ;"rLaf6dfq lgj{flrt ul/g] Joj:yf pkm b]zdf ul/Psf] 5.

To;} u /L g] k fNfdf /fli6«o ;efdf s"Nf $% ;b:o /xg], h;dWo] $) hgf ;b:osf] lgj{frg k|b]z;efsf ;b:o / :yfgLo lgsfosf k|d'v /x]sf] lgj{frs d08Nfaf6 x'g] Pj+ af+sL % hgf ;/sf/sf] l;kmfl/zdf /fi6«kltaf6 x'g] k|:tfj 5 eg] blIf0f clk|msfdf ( j6f k|b]zx? k|To]saf6 $ hgf ljz]if / ^ hgf :yfoL u/L !).!) hgfsf] b/Nf] hDdf () hgf ;f+;b ;b:ox? ck| T oIf ;dfg' k flts lgj{ f rg k|0ffNfL cGtu{t r'Gg] Joj:yf /x]sf] 5 . g]kfNfdf k|b]z;efdf ;d]t ldl>t lgj{ f rg k| 0 ffNfLNffO{ cjNfDjg ug{] k|:tfj ul/Psf] 5 eg] blIf0f clk|msfdf k|bz ] df ;d]t k"0f{ ;dfg'kflts lgj{frg k|0ffNfL cjNfDaG ul/Psf] 5 . g]kfNfdf h:t} blIf0f clk| m sfdf klg ;+;bNffO{ ;Dk"0f{ Joj:yfksLo clwsf/ lbOPsf] b]lvG5 .

GofokflNfsf] xsdf blIf0f clk|msfdf :yfoL ;+j}wflgs cbfNftsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 eg] g]kfNfdf !) jif{sf] Nfflu o:tf] cbfNft /xg] k|:tfj 5. To;}u/L g]kfNfdf cGo # txsf] cbfNftsf] k|:tfj ul/Psf] 5 eg] blIf0f clk|msfdf $ tx -:yfgLo txdf ;d] t _ sf] cbfNfsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5. To;}u/L cfjZostf cg';f/ cGo yk cbfNft klg /xg ;Sg] k| f jwfg pQm b] z sf] ;+ljwfgdf /x]sf] b]lvG5. b'a} b]zNf] zlQmk[ y sLs/0f / ;Gt' N fgsf] l;åfGtNffO{ cjNfDag\ ug{ vf]h]tf klg blIf0f clk|msfdf sfo{sf/L k|d'vNffO{ g]kfNfsf] t'Nfgfdf a9L clwsf/ lbOPsf] h:tf] b]lvG5 . ;+3 / k|b]zaLr tyf k|b]z k|b]zaLr ;dGjosf] Nfflu k| w fgdGqLsf] cWoIftfdf Ps cGt/ k|fb]lzs kl/ifbsf] k|:tfj g]kfNfdf ul/Psf] 5 h'g Joj:yf blIf0f clk| m sfsf] ;+ l jwfgdf b]lvb}+g. To;}u/L blIf0f clk|msfdf ;fj{ h lgs k| z f;gNffO{ ljz] i f dxTj lbO{ o;NffO{ Ps cNfUu} efusf] ¿kdf ;+ljwfgdf Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 eg] ;+ljwfgd} o;sf d"No–dfGotfx? / l;åfGtx?sf] ;d]t pNNf]v ul/Psf] 5 . g]kfNfdf eg] ;+ l jwfgdf o; lsl;dsf] ljz]if Joj:yf geO{ s]jNf ;/sf/L ;] j fsf] u7g lzif{ s cGtu{ t lghfdtL, Gofo / cGo ;/sf/L ;]jfx¿ u7g ug{ ;lsg] elg pNNf] v dfq ul/Psf] 5 . o:t} blIf0f clk|msfdf ;+3Lo Nff]s;]jf

cfof]usf] dfq Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 eg] g]kfNfdf k|b]zx?df ;d]t 5'§f5'§} Nff]s ;]jf cfof]u u7g ug{ ;Sg] k|fjwfg k|:tfljt d:of}bfdf /x]sf] kfO{G5 . lgj{frg cfof]u eg] b'a} b]zdf s]G›dfdfq /xg] pNNf]v 5.

To;}u/L /fli6«o ;dfj]zL cfof]u, /fli6«o k|fs[lts >f]t tyf ljQLo cfof]u, /fli6«o blNft cfof]u, /fli6« o ;dfj] z L cfof] u h:tf ;+j}wflgs cfof]usf] k|fjwfgx? klg g]kfNfsf] k|:tfljt ;+ljwfgdf b]Vg ;lsG5. g]kfNfsf] d:of}bf ;+ljwfgdf g]kfNfL ;]gfaf/] ;fdfGo pNNf]v u/L k| x /L, ;zZq k| x /L / /fli6« o cg' ; Gwfg ljefuaf/] ;fdfGo pNf\Nf]vdfq ul/Psf] 5 eg] blIf0f clk|msfsf] ;+ljwfgdf lo tLgj6} lgsfox?sf] sfd, st{ A o / clwsf/x? ;+ l jwfgd} :ki6;+ u pNf\Nf]v ul/Psf] 5 . o;/L g]kfNfsf] ;+ljwfg @)&@ sf] d:of}bfNffO{ ;/;/t{L x]b{f u0ftGq, ;+3Lotf, ax'bNfLo k|hftGq, sfg" g L zf;g, dfgjclwsf/, ;dfj]zLs/0f, ;+j}wflgs ;j{f]Rrtf, cfjlws lgj{frg, ljleGg df}lNfs xsx? Nfufotsf ljifox¿df g]kfNfsf] d:of}bf blIf0f clk|msfsf] ;+ljwfg;Fu ldNbf]h'Nbf] g} b]lvG5. ob\kL lgj{frg k|0ffNfL, sfo{sf/L k| d ' v sf] k| f jwfg / clwsf/, k| b ] z x¿sf] ;Ldf+ s g cflb s] x L ljifox¿df km/skg ;d]t blvG5. g]kfNfdf u0ftGq, ;+3Lotf, ax'bNfLo k| h ftGq, sfg" g L zf;g, dfgjclwsf/, ;dfj]zLtf, ldl>t lgj{frg k|0ffNfL, ljleGg df}lNfs xsx? h:tf w]/} ljifox?NffO{ g]kfNfsf] k|:tfljt ;+ljwfgdf ;dfj]z ug{ vf]lhPsf]NffO{ ;sf/fTds ¿kdf lNfg ;lsG5 h' g s' / fx? ljutsf hgcfGbf]Nfgx? dfkm{t\ cleJoQm hgtfsf OR5f / cfsf+Iffx? klg x'G. ;+ljwfgsf] k|:tfjgfdf w]/} s'/fx? ;dfj]z ug{ vf]Hbf / ;+ljwfgsf] of] d:of}bf km/s–km/s k[i7e"ld ePsf bNfx¿aLrsf] ;Demf}tfsf] b:tfj]h ePsf sf/0f klg d:of}bfsf] k|:tfjgf s]xL cd"s / cd"t{ h:tf] klg b]lvG5. x' g t ;+ l jwfgsf] k| : tfjgf hgcfGbf]Nfgsf] pkNflAwNffO{ ;+:yfut ug{] vfNfsf] Pj+ b]zsf] pHhjNf eljiosf] Nfflu lbzflgb{z ] ug{] vfNfsf] :ki6, 5f]6f], / hLjGt x'g' pko'Qm dflgG5 . pbfx/0fsf] Nfflu ci6«]lNfofsf] ;+ljwfgsf] k|:tfjgf cToGt 5f]6f] / :ki6 /x]sf] b]lvG5 eg] ;+ljwfgdf hDdf !# efu / !@* wf/fdfq /x]sf 5g\ . d:of}bfdf cs{f] dxTjk"0f{ ;'wf/ x'g'kg{] kIf eg]sf] ;+3Lotfsf ;DaGwdf b]lvG5 lsgsL k|b]zx?sf] l;dfÍg h:tf] dxTjk" 0 f{ ljifo ;+ljwfg;efNf] ?kfGtl/t ;+;bNffO{ k| T ofof] h g ug{ ] s' / fsf] j} w tfsf] ljifodf ;d]t ljleGg ax;x? x'g ;Sb5G. o;NffO{ pwf/f] ;+3Lotf ;d]t eGg yflNf;lsPsf] 5. To;}u/L b]zsf] hg;+Vof, If]qkmNf, cfly{s cj:yf cflbNffO{ dWogh/ ug{] xf] eg] klg k|:tfljt k|b]zsf] ;+Vof, ;+3Lo tyf k|fb]lzs ;+;bsf] ;+Vof g]kfNf tyf blIf0f clk|msf b'a}df s]xL a9L h:tf] b]lvG5. g]kfNf eGbf s/La %@ u'gf 7"Nff] / s/La ;dfg hg;+Vof ePsf] ljsl;t d'Nf's ci6«]lNfofdf hDdf ^ j6f k|b]z / tNNff] ;bgdf hDdf !%) ;b:o ;+Vofdfq /x]sf] b]lvG5.

To;}u/L d:of}bf ;+ljwfgdf df}lNfs xsx?sf] sfo{fGjog sfg"g agfP/ ul/g] Pj+ /fHosf gLltx? pk/ cbfNftdf k|Zg p7fpg g;lsg] egL ;Lldt ug{ vf]h] h:tf] cfef; x'g] zAbfjNfL /flvPsf] b]lvG5. d:of}bfdf pNf\Nf]v ul/Psf] cs{f] ljjflbt ljifo ;+j}wflgs cbfNft klg x'g ;Sb5 h;sf] cf}lrTotfdfyL k|Zgx? p7\g ;Sb5G / o; ljifodf xfNfsf] GofokflNfsf ;d]t k"0f{ ;xdt x'g ;s]sf] cj:yf b]lv+b}g. cGTodf, xfNf of] d:of}bfdfq ePsfNf] o;df cem} klg k|z:t kl/dfh{gsf] u'~hfo; 5.

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dw]z kf]i6 @)&@ c;f/ @( ut], d+unjf/ jf/

a}bl] zs /f]huf/L ;DaGwL kl/of]hgf k|efjsf/L aGb}

v]n ;dfrf/

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cfo/Nof08;“u g]kfNfsf] NfHhf:kb xf/

;Kt/L, @* c;f/ . ;' / lIft a}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf nflu ;lx ;'rgf / nfesf nflu l;k x'gk} g]{ s'/f ;j{;fwf/0fn] ga'em];Dd 7uL qmd /f]Sg ;xh gx'g] Ps sfo{qmd lar ;/f]sf/jfnfx?n] atfPsf 5g . ;fdL x]Ne]6f; g]kfnsf] ;xof] u df ;an g] k fn tyf u0f]zdfg :df/s 4f/f ;+rflnt ;' / lIft cfk| j f;g kl/of] h gf cGt{ut ;'rgf s]Gb| / laBfno tyf cfd ;+ r f/ sfo{ q mdn] ;d' b fodf kf/] s f] c;/ tyf pknlAw af/]df ul/Psf] cg'udg tyf d'Nof+sg sfo{qmddf ;f] s'/f atfPsf] xf] . lhNnf l:yt zDe'gfy gu/kflnsf l:yt df]xgk'/df cfof]lht sfo{qmddf ;xeflux?n] a}4l] zs /f]huf/L ;DaGwL r]tgf

km}nfpg] sfd ul//x]sf] /]l8of] >f]tf sNj e+ufxfsf rGb]Zj/ bf;n] atfP . ;f] sfo{qmddf lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{ n osf k| z f;ls clws[ t n] v gfy vltj8fn] a} b ] l zs /f]huf/L ;DaGwL ;fdL kl/of]hgf nfu' eP kl5 a}bl] zs /f]huf/Ldf hfg] o'jfx?nfO{ ;lx ;'rgf lnP hfg tyf 7uLgaf6 hf]lugsf] nflu sfo{qmdn] 7'nf] pknAwL xfl;n ug]{ atfpFge ' of] . o; kl/of]hgfn] lhNnfsf] * j6f uf=la=;= / ! j6f gu/kflnsfdf b'j} ;+:yfn] sfo{qmd ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . sfo{qmddf ;an g]kfnsf sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs lbks emfn] a}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg] nx/ rn]s ] f] cj:yfdf o'jfx? 7lug] qmd a9b} uPsf]n] o; cleofgnfO{ ufpF ufpFdf km}nfpg] atfpFge ' of] .

gof– ;+ljwfg hf/L ePkl5 GofofwLzsf] k'glg{ol' Qm x'gk} 5{ –af/ sf7df8f},+ @* c;f/ . gofF ;+ljwfg hf/L ePkl5 GofofwLzNfufot ;+ j } w flgs c+ u sf k| d ' v x?sf] k'gMlgo'lQm x'g'kg{] k|fjwfgNffO{ ;+ l jwfgd} /fVg g] k fNf af/ Pzf]l;o;gNf] ;'emfj lbPsf] 5 . ;+ljwfg;ef gful/s ;DaGw tyf ;+ l jwfg ;' e mfj ;ldltNf] ;f]daf/ ;+ljwfg;ef ejgdf gofF ;+ljwfgsf] k|:tfljt d:of}bfdf jlsNf / kqsf/sf] ;'emfj lNfg cfof]lht sfo{qmddf af/ cWoIf xl/s[i0f sfs{LNf] o:tf] ;'emfj lbPsf x'g\ . cWoIf sfs{ L Nf] GofofwLzsf] k'glg{ol' Qm ul/g' clt

cfjZos /x]sf] atfpFb} eg]– …;+;f/e/ of] k|rNfg 5, oxfF k'glg{ol' Qmdfq xf]Og, x/]s hfFr klg lbg'k5{ .Ú sfsL{Nf] GofofwLzNf] dfq xf]Og, Gofokl/ifbsf] ;b:o ePsf JolQmNf] klg cjsfzkl5 cbfNftdf ax; ug{ gkfpg] Joj:yf ;+ljwfgdf x'gk' g{] ;'emfj lbP . g] k fNf kqsf/ dxf;+3sf cWoIf 8f.dx]G› lji6Nf] k|]; :jtGqtfsf] cufl8 …k"0f{Ú zAb lgsfNf\bf cfz+sf ePsf] atfP . oBlk zAbdf eGbf efjdf q'6L /x]sf] atfP .

lji6Nf] sltko k|ltaGwfTds jfSof+zx?Nf] k|; ] tyf cleJolQm :jtGqtf s'l07t x'g ;Sg] eGb} cd"tv { fNfsf s'/fNffO{ lNfP/ k|ltaGwsf] zAb /fVg gx'g] atfP . o;}aLr ;+ljwfg;ef cWoIf ;'jf; g]DjfªNf] ;fpg d;fGtdf g]kfNfsf] gofF ;+ljwfg Nf\ofP/} 5f8\g] atfPsf 5g\ . gful/s ;DaGw ;ldltsf] sfo{qmdNffO{ ;Daf]wg ub{} g]DjfªNf] eg], …;fpg d;fGtdf ;+ljwfg agfP/} 5f8\5f}+, o;k6s xfdL r'Sb}gf}+ .Ú

dNf]l;ofdf g]kfNfLsf] d[To', kl/jf/Nf] yfxf kfP Ps;ftfkl5 dfq} /f}tx6, @* c;f/ . wg sdfpg] ;kgf af]s/] ljb]z uPsf rG›k'/ gu/kflNfsf–!# afNfrgk'/sf Ps o'jssf] d[To' ePsf] 5 . /f]huf/Lsf] l;Nfl;Nffdf dNf] l ;ofdf /x] s f @@ jif{ L o hodËNf /fptsf] ut dËNfaf/ d[To' ePsf] lyof] . Ps ;ftf

l9Nffu/L cfh dfq 3/kl/jf/sf ;b:oNf] d[To' ePsf] va/ yfxf kfPsf x'g\ . ljb]zdf /x]sf] 5f]/f] Hj/f]af6 lj/fdL ePsf] hfgsf/L cfP klg cGTodf d[To' ePsf] va/ cfPsf] afa' /fdcof]Wof /fptNf] atfP .

3/ 38]/L lwtf] /fv]/ k7fPsf]

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dn+ujf lkm8/sf] nf]8 ;]l8Ë tflnsf )&@ a}zfv @@ ut] b]lv nfu' x'g] u/L ljB't s6f}lt tflnsf af/ cfO{taf/ ;f]daf/ du+naf/ a'wjf/ ljlxjf/ z'qmjf/ zlgjf/

;do !)M)) b]lv #M)) *M)) b]lv !@M)) &M)) b]lv !!M)) ^M)) b]lv !)M)) ^M)) b]lv (M)) (M)) b]lv @M)) !!M)) b]lv $M))

^M)) b]lv !!M)) %M)) b]lv (M)) #M)) b]lv &M)) @M)) b]lv ^M)) !M)) b]lv ^M)) %M)) b]lv !)M)) &M)) b]lv !!M))

hDdf 306f !)M))306f *M)) 306f *M)) 306f *M)) 306f *M)) 306f !)M)) 306f (M)) 306f

sf7df8f}+, @* c;f/ . 6L–@) ljZjsk 5gf]6 lqms]6df g]kfNfNf] 3/] N f' 6f] N fL cfo/Nof08;F u NfHhf:kb xf/ Joxf] / ] s f] 5 . g]kfNfNffO{ 6L–@) cGt/fli6«os} bf];f| ] Go"g :sf]/df ;d]6s ] f] cfo/Nof08Nf] * ljs]6Nf] lht xft kf/]sf] 5 . g]kfNfNf] k|:t't u/]sf] %$ /gsf] NfIo 3/]Nf' 6f]NfLNf] dfq * cf] e /df @ ljs] 6 u' d fP/ e]§fof] . cfo/Nf\of08sf] klxNff] ljs]6 ;:t}df u'ds ] f] lyof] . lgNf cf]'a|fOgNffO{ ;f]dkfNf sfdLNf] JolQmut # /gdf cfp6 ub{f 6Ldsf] :sf]/ $ /g dfq lyof] . t/, kNf :6lNf{ ª / ljlNfod kf]6{/kmLN8Nf] $( /gsf] ;fem]bf/L u/] . :6lNf{ª @( /gdf ;f]dkfNfs} aNfdf cfp6 eP . kf]6{/kmLN8 !* /gdf cljlht /x] eg] s]leg cf]af| Og ! /gdf cljlht /x] . o;cl3 6; xf/] / Aofl6ªsf] lgDtf] kfPsf] g]kfNf !$=#

cf]e/df %# /gd} cNfcfp6 ePsf] lyof] . of] g]kfNfsf] ;a}eGbf v/fa tyf 6L–@) cGt/fli6«os} Oltxf;s} ;a}eGbf bf];|f] Go"g :sf]/ xf] . Go"g :sf]/sf] /]s8{ eg] g]b/Nf\of08sf] gfddf 5 . p;Nf] ljZjskdf >LNf+sflj?4 #( /g agfPsf] lyof] . o;cl3 6L–@) cGt/fli6«odf g]kfNfsf] ;a}eGbf sd :sf]/ g]b/Nof08lj?4 ^( /g lyof] .

6; xf/]/ Aofl6ªsf] lgDtf] kfPsf] g] k fNf !$=# cf]e/df %# /g hf]8\bf cNf cfp6 eof] . g]kfNfsf s'g} klg Aof6\;Dofg rNg ;s]gg\ . cf]kg/ ;fu/ k'gNf] @) tyf sKtfg kf/; v8\sfNf] !) /g agfP eg] cGoNf] bf]xf]/f] c+s hf]8g\ ;s]gg\ . z/b e];jfs/, /fh]z k'NffdL du/Nf] ;dfg ^–^ /g hf]8] eg] clgNf d08Nf, 1fg]G› dNNf

/ a;Gt /]UdL @–@ /gd} cfp6 eP . k|lbk P]/L, ljgf]b e08f/L / zlQm uf}rgNf] vftf g} vf]Ng ;s]gg\ . ;f]dkfNf sfdL z"Go /gd} cljlht /x] . cfo/Nof08sf s]leg cf]a' f| Og / :6'cf8{ yDk;fgNf] #–# ljs]6 lNfP eg] hf]g d'gLNf] @ ljs]6 lNfP . cfo/Nof08 zLif{ :yfgdf, g]kfNf rf}yf] lht;Fu} cfo/Nof08 # v]Nfaf6 ^ c+ssf ;fy ;d"x Pssf] zLif{ :yfgdf 5 . @ v]Nfaf6 # c+s hf]8s ] f] kk'kf Go"lugL bf];f| ] / # v]Nfaf6 # c+s hf]8s ] f] gfldlaof t];f| ] :yfgdf 5 . # v]Nfaf6 # c+s hf]8s ] f] g]kfNf rf}yf] :yfgdf em/]sf] 5 . g]kfNfNf] cfkm\gf] rf}yf] v]Nf a'waf/ xªsª;Fu v]Nf\g]5 . h;L{ @ c+ssf ;fy kfrf}+ :yfgdf 5 eg] ! c+s hf]8s ] f] xªsª 5}6f}+ / tLg j6} v]Nf u'dfPsf] cd]l/sf k'5f/df 5 .

ljlrq ;dfrf/

s;sf] of}gf+u ;fgf] / /fd|f] eGb} le8] o'jfo'jtL ;f}Gbo{ k|ltof]lutf klg s:tf s:tf < cd]l/sfdf b'O o:tf k|ltof]lutf xfNf} ePsf 5g\, h'g ;'Gb}df cgf}7f] tyf Nffh} NffUg] vfNfsf] 5 . cd] l /sfsf] A?slNfgl:yt ls+ U ; sfpG6L ;Nf"gNf] s]xL xKtf cufl8 Pp6f k|ltof]lutfsf] cfof]hgf uo{f] . k|ltof]lutfsf] gfd lyof], …t]>f] jflifs{ ;fgf] lNf+u k|ltof]lutfÚ . ptf cd]l/sfsf] ;]S; 6f]o sDkgL c6f]ANff]Nf] emg} cgf}7f] k|ltof]lutfsf] cfof]hgf uof]{ . pQm sDkgLNf] ;a}eGbf /fd|f] of}gf+u ePsf dlxNff 5gf]6 ug{sf Nfflu o'jtLx?aLr k|lt:kw{f u/fof] . / k|ltof]lutfsf] gfd /fVof], …;a}eGbf ;'Gb/ of]gLÚ . ls+U; sfpG6L ;Nf"gsf h]; Nf]le6sf cg';f/ cfkm\gf] JolQmut ;DaGws} sf/0f ;g\ @)!# b] l v pgNf] ;fgf] lNf+ u k|ltof]lutf ub{} cfPsf 5g\ . pgsf cg';f/ pgsf] lahg]; kf6{g/ PdL cfkm\gf] Ajfok k|m0] 8sf] 7"Nff] cfsf/sf] u'Ktf+usf sf/0f kLl8t /x]l5g\ .

7" N ff] u' K tf+ u x' g ] k'?ifx?df t'h's g} al9 x'g] t/ ;fgf] of}gf+u x'g] k'?ifx?Nf] cfkm'NffO{ sdhf]/ 7fGg] tyf kf6{g/NffO{ ko{fKt ;Gt'li6 lbg g;Sg] sf/ 0fNf] ub{f To:tf ;fgf] of}gf+u x'g]

k'?ifx?NffO{ xf};Nff k|bfg ug{] F sf ;fy o:tf] k|ltof]lutfsf] ;f]r cfof]hgf u/]sf] pgsf] egfO 5. of] jif{ ;g\ @)!% sf] ;a} e Gbf ;fgf] lNf+ u x' g ] k|ltof]lutfsf] pkflw b khNf df:6/ gfd lbOPsf k' ? ifNf] lht] . pgNf] k|ltof]lutfdf efu lNfgsf Nfflu cfkm\ g f] 5f] 6 f] of}gf+uNffO{ uf]N8lkm+u/ cfsf/df 9fNf]sf lyP . ptf ;' G b/ of] g L k|ltof]lutfsf cfof]hs a|fog :Nff]cfgsf cg';f/ k|ltof]lutfsf] p4]Zo dlxNffx?sf] of}gf+uNffO{ cf}Nofpg' ge} cfkm\gf k|8S6x?sf] u'0f:t/ ;'wfg{' xf] . ahf/df dlxNffsf Nfflu

pTkfbg x'g] w]/} ;]S;6f]ox? kf]g:{ 6f/ x?sf] u'Ktf+usf] cfsf/NffO{ NflIft u/L ;f]xL cg'?k g} lgd{f0f ul/g] t/ To:tf] Ps} cfsf/sf ;]S; 6f]o ;a}sf Nfflu pko'Qm gx'g] x'Fbf dlxNffx?NffO{ cfkm\gf] of}gf+usf] cfsf/sf ljifodf v'Nf:t eGg] afgLsf] ljsfz xf] ; \ / ;f] x L adf]lhdsf ;]S; 6f]o c8{/ ug{ ;s' g \ eg] / cfkm' x ?Nf] o:tf] k|ltof]lutfsf] cfof]hgf u/]sf] pgsf] egfO 5 . k|ltof]lutfdf ;xefuL x'g] dlxNffx?sf] of}gf+usf] y|L 8L t:jL/ lNfP/ To;sf] ljZNf]if0faf6 ljh] t f 3f] i f0ff ul/G5 . k|ltof]lutfsf] ljh]tfNffO{ % xhf/ 8Nf/ k'/:sf/ lbOPsf] atfOPsf] 5.

dw]z kf]i6

lh=k|= sf= ;nf{xL btf{ gDa/ $@÷)^^÷)^&

@)&@ c;f/ @( ut], d+unjf/ jf/

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To;f] t pgn] 6\jL6/df n]vs ] L klg l5g\–…cF d}n] eg]sL lyPF lg tkfO{x? ;a}sf nflu d;Fu Pp6f gofF va/ 5 . Psbd} pT;flxt 5' gofF lkmNd kmf];–{ @ jf6Ú . klxnf] rnlrqjf6 lgs} w]/} k|z+;f kfPsL ;f]gfIfLn] kl5Nnf lbgdf Tolt w]/} rrf{ kfPsL 5}gg\ . pgL rnlrqsf] kbf{df ljz]iful/ gfos;Fusf] k|d] d} l;ldt x'g] u/]sL l5g\ . alnp8sf rlr{t gfos;Fu sfd u/]sfn] klg pgL clelgt rnlrqn] ;kmntf kfPsf 5g\ t/ ;f]gfIfLn] eg] ck]lIft rrf{ kfPsL 5}gg\ .

;+ljwfgsf] d:of}bf cglws[t ¿kdf laqmL sf7df8f} , @* c;f/ . ;+ljwfg;efn] lgMz'Ns k|rf/k|;f/ / /fo ;'emfjsf nflu ljt/0f ul//x]sf] ;+ljwfgsf] klxnf] d:of}bf sf7df8f} + pkTosfsf ljleGg :yfgdf cglws[t laqmL ePsf] kfOPsf] 5 . sf7df8f}s + f] kqklqsf laqmLljt/0f x'g] d'Vo s]G› gofF ;8sl:yt e"uf]nkfs{ / ToxfFaf6 pkTosfsf ljleGg k':ts tyf :6] ; g/L k;ndf u] ; k] k / / ufO8h:t} cglws[t?kdf d:of}bf laqmL eO/x]sf] kfOPsf] xf] .

Ps ;o ?k}ofF d"No /fvL laqmL eO/x] s f] d:of} b fsf] k' l :tsfsf] pTkfbsdf ;+ljwfg;efsf] d:of}bf ;ldlts} gfd /flvPsf] 5 eg] cGo s'g} k|sfzs jf d'›ssf] gfd 7]ufgf lbOPsf] 5}g . k|bz{gLdfu{l:yt

Ps k':ts k;ndf d:of}bf laqmL eO/x]sf] /f;;n] kfPkl5 tL k':ts k;nsf ;~rfnsn] o;df cfˆgf] bf]if geO{ e"uf]nkfs{af6 cGo k':ts k;nn] nu]sfn] cfkm"n] klg NofPsf] bfaL u/] . ;+ l jwfg;ef ;lrjfnosf ;xk|jQmf ;'bz{g s'Os F n ] n] d:of}bf k' l :tsf laqmL ug] { Joj:yf gul/Psf] / laqmL ePsf] eGg]af/] xfn;Dd hfgsf/L gcfPsf] atfP . ;+ljwfg;efn] hgtfsf] /fo ;'emj lnO{ k|ltj]bg tof/Lsf nflu gful/s ;DaGw tyf ;+ljwfg ;'emfj ;ldltnfO{ lhDdf lbPkl5 ;ldltn] sfo{ o f] h gf agfO{ d:of}bfsf] k|rf/k|;f/ ul//x]sf] 5. ;ldltn] ;+ljwfg;efsf] oxL c;f/ @$ sf] a}7sdf k]; u/]sf] sfo{of]hgfdf g]kfnsf]

;+ l jwfg, @)&@ -k| f /lDes d:of}bf_ ljw]ossf ?kdf d'›0f ljefuaf6 g]kfn /fhkqdf pQm d:of}bf % xhf/k|lt k|sfzg ePsf] hgfPsf] lyof] eg] ;+ljefg;efn] klg cnUu} sl/a Ps nfv k|lt d:of}bfsf] k'l:tsf k|sfzg u/]sf] lyof] . uf] / vfkq, /] l 8of] g]kfnnufot ljleGg ;~rf/ dfWoddf k"0f{ c+z k|sfzg tyf k|;f/ ul/Psf] 5 . oxL c;f/ @$ b]lv ;fpg & ut];Dd ;'emfj ;+sngsf qmddf k|To]s lhNnf / lgjf{rg If]qdf ;~rfng x'g] 5nkmn sfo{qmddf k|dv ' lhNnf clwsf/Lsf] ;dGjo / ;xsfo{df lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt, gu/kflnsf / uflj;df lg:z'Ns d:of}bf pknAw u/fOg] pNn]v 5.

8f=l;s] /fptnfO{ k|x/Lsf] gh/aGbaf6 d'Qm ug'k{ g]{ dfFu ;Kt/L, @* c;f/ . :jtGq dw]z u7aGwgsf s]G›Lo ;+of]hs 8f= l;s] /fptsf] lgjf;df ;fbf kf]zfsdf k|x/L kl/rfng ePsfdf lj/f]w ePsf] 5 . :yfgLo k| z f;gn] /fptnfO{ ghflgFbf] 9+un] 3/d} gh/aGb u/]sf] eGb} t/fO{ dfgj clwsf/ /Ifs ;~hfnn] pgsf] dfgjclwsf/ xgg ePsf] atfPsf] 5.

PnfoG;sf dfgjclwsf/ clws[ t /GwL/ rf}w/Ln] lj1lKt hf/L ub}{ …g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg-)^# sf] wf/f !@

åf/f k|bQ :jtGq?kdf afFRg kfpg] , ljrf/ cleJolQmsf] :jtGqtf nufotsf] df}lns xs pkef]u ug{af6 jl~rt u/]sf]df t/fO{ dfgj clwsf/ /Ifs ;~hfnsf] uDeL/ Wofgfsif{0f ePsf] hgfPsf] 5 . /fptnfO{ /fHo ljKnjsf] d'2fdf ljz]if cbfntn] !) j}zfvdf ;kmfO lbPkl5 pgL t/fO{sf ljleGg lhNnfdf k'Ug] u/]sf 5g\ . b]z ljv08gs} gf/f rsf{ p g] d' 2 f lnP/ t/fO{ d f dgd'6fj u/fpg] lqmofsnfk u/]kl5 /fptsf] lhNnf e|d0f /

;Daf]wgsf sfo{qmddf k|x/Lsf] gh/ 5 . ;~hfnn] /fptsf] j}olQms :jtGqtfdf cf3ft k'Ug] u/L ;Kt/Lsf] /fhlj/fh ( l:yt lgjf; :yfg j/k/ ;fbf kf];fsdf ;'/IffsdL{ v6fOPsf] hgfPsf] 5. /fptnfO{ ;+ljwfg k|bQ xs pkef]u ug{af6 s'g} lsl;dsf] aGb]h nufpg' x'Gg eGb} t/fO{ dfgj clwsf/ /Ifs ;~hfnn] eg]sf] 5, …/fHon] klg of] s'/fnfO{ uDeL/tfsf] ;fy lng'k5{ .Ú

g]kfn ;/sf/ ;x/L ljsf; dGqfno

vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO l8lehg sfof{no dn+ujf, ;nf{xLsf] cToGt h?/L ;"rgf @)&) df3 @$ / @% ut] ePsf] k|yd lhNnf :tl/o ;/;kmfO ;Dd]ngn] @)&@ r}q d;fGt ;Dd lhNnfnfO{ v'nf lbzfd'Qm If]q 3f]if0ff ug]{ nIo lnO{Psf] Joxf]/f ;a}df ljlbt} 5 . ;f]xL nIo cg';f/ gu/kflnsf tyf uf=lj=;= x?n] ;/;kmfO kl/ro kq g lnPsf 3/w'/Lx?nfO{ /fHoaf6 lbOg] ;]jf, ;'ljwf /f]Ssf u/]sf] 5 . rkL{ g ePsf 3/ w'/Lx?nfO{ o; lhNnfdf /x]sf ;a} ;/sf/L sfof{nox?n] cf–cfˆgf] sfof{noaf6 lbOg] ;]jf ;'ljwfx?df ;d]t k|ltaGw nufpg] ePsf]n] rkL{ g ePsf ;a} 3/w'/Lx?df Ps 3/ Ps rkL{ lgdf{0f ul/ lhNnfn] lnPsf] nIo nfO{ k'/f u/f}F . æ;'Gb/ ;d'Ggt / ;kmf ;nf{xL k'/f u/f}“ of] cleofg 3/ 3/df rkL{ agfO{Æ

legfh'sf] gfddf k/LIff lb“bf ;fNff] kqmfp l;/xf, @* c;f/ . ;jf/L rfNfs cg'dltkqsf] lNflvt k/LIffdf legfh'sf] gfddf k/LIff lbg k'us ] f ;fNff] kqmfp k/]sf 5g\ . kqmfp kg{d ] f ;Kt/L sNof0fk'/ uflj;– ^ sf lzjgf/fo0f ;fxsf 5f]/f lbg]zrG› ;fx /x]sf 5g\ . gftfdf cfkm\g} legfh' kg{] ef]Nff ;fxsf] gfddf k/LIff lbO/x]sf cj:yfdf Nfxfgl:yt kz'klt cfbz{ pRr dflj k/LIff s]G›af6} ;fNff] lbg]z kqmfp k/]sf] ONffsf k|x/L sfo{fNfo Nfxfgsf k|x/L lg/LIfs rG› /fhj+zLNf] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . kqmfp k/]sf lbg]zNffO{ ONffsf k|x/L sfo{fNfo Nfxfgsf] lx/f;tdf /flvPsf] 5 . /f;;

aRrf hGdfPkl5 ;fNf gv:bf dlxNffsf] d[To' 8f]6L, @* c;f/ . 8f6Ldf Ps ;'Ts]/L dlxNffsf] ;fNf gv:bf Hofg uPsf] 5 . sfgrf}/–! sL !* jif{ s L lgd{ N ff lassf] aRrf hGdfPsf] * lbgkl5 klg ;fNf gv:bf Hofg uPsf] xf] . lasNf] c;f/ @) ut] 3/d} aRrf hGdfpg'ePsf] lyof] . aRrf hlGdPkl5 v:g'kg{] ;fNf gv:bf lassf] cfOtaf/ a]Nf'sf Hofg uPsf] xf] .3/d} aRrf hGdfPsf] cf7 lbg eO{;Sbf klg ;fNf gv;]sf] / :jf:Yo ;+:yf klg gNfu]sfNf] lassf] Hofg uPsf] k|x/LNf] hgfPsf] 5 .

/fk|kf g]kfnn] hgdt ;+sngnfO{ alx:sf/ ug]{ sf7df08f} @* c;f/ . /fk|kf g] k fnn] ;+ l jwfgsf] k| f /lDes d:of}bfdfly hgdt ;+sngnfO{ alx:sf/ ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . /fk|kf g]kfnsf] ;+;bLo bnsf] sfof{no l;+ x b/jf/df ;f] d af/ a;] s f] kbflwsf/L tyf ;ef;bx?sf] ;+oQ' m a}7sn] o:tf] lg0f{o u/]sf] xf] . ;+ljwfgsf] lgodfjnL ldRg] / ;+ljwfg;efnfO{ /a/ :6\ofDk agfpg] sfd ePsf sf/0f alx:sf/ ug]{ lg0f{o kf6L{n] u/]sf] /fk|kf g]kfnsf ;x k|jQmf df]xg >]i7n] atfpg'eof] . d:of}bfdf kof{Kt 5nkmn ug{ glbPsf], lgodfjnL lgnDag u/]sf], ;+ljwfg ldr]sf], ;jf] { R r cbfntsf] cGtl/d cfb]zsf] cj1f ug]{ sfd u/]sf] cf/f]k /fk|kf g]kfnn] nufPsf] 5 .

5f]6s/L ;dfrf/

lah'nL dx;'n a'´fpg] sfpG6/ gx'b“ f pkef]Qmfx? Dff/df /f}tx6 @* c;f/ . /f}tx6sf] d'Vo ahf/ s6xl/ofdf 6]lnkmf]g dx;'n / lah'nLalQ dx;'n a'emfpg] sfpG6/ gx'bF f s6xl/of nufPt cf;kf;sf Ps bh{g uflj;sf pkef]Qmfx? Dff/df k/]sf 5g\ . dlxgfsf] *) ?k}of j/fj/sf] vkt x'g] lah'nLsf] dx;'n a'emfpgsf nflu ;b/d'sfd uf}/df /x]sf] ljw't k|flws/0fsf] sfof{nodf hfFbf # ;o ?k}of uf8Lef8f vr{ eO{/x]sf] pkef]Qmfx?n] atfPsf 5g\ . glhsdf dx;'n a'emfpg] sfpG6/ gePsf] x'gfn] sltko pkef]Qfn] jiff}b{ l] v lah'nLsf] dx;'n a'emfpg ;d]t ;s]sf 5}gg\ .

To;}n] ;dodf dx;'n a'emfpgsf nflu ufpFsf] glhsdf dx;'n a'emfpg] sfpG6/ /fVg pkef]Qmfx?n] ;DalGwt lgsfo;Fu dfu u/ s ] f x'g .

;+ljwfg ;ef lj36g ug{ gx'g] –b]pjf sf7df08f} @* c;f/ . g]kfnL sfª\u; ]| sf al/i7 g]tf z]/axfb'/ b]pjfn] ;+ljwfg hf/L ePkl5 klg ;+ljwfg;ef lj36g ug{ gx'g] atfpg' ePsf] 5 . g]kfn blnt ;+3n] nlntk'/df ;f]daf/ u/]sf] sfo{qmddf al/i7 g]tf b]pjfn] tTsfn ;Ldf+sg;lxtsf] ;+3Lotfdf ;xdlt h'6\g] ;Defjgf sd /x]sfn] ;+ljwfg hf/L ul/;s] kl5 klg ;+ljwfg;ef sfod} /fVg'kg]d { f hf]8 lbg' ePsf] xf] . bnx?aLr ;Ldf+sg ;lxtsf] ;+ljwfg Nofpg]af/] 5nkmn rln/x]sf] pNn]vub}{ c;Gt'i6 bnx?sf dfunfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ klg ;Ldf+sg ;lxtsf] ;+ljwfg hf/L ug'k{ g]{ wf/0ff /fVg'eof] .

8'a/] b'O{ afnssf] d[To' afFs] @* c;f/ . 8'8j' fgfnfdf 8'a/] ;f]daf/ b'O{ afnssf] d[To' ePsf] 5 . cfh lbpF;f] kf}8L v]Ng] qmddf 8'Abf sf]xnk'/ ! sf}lznfgu/ sf ( jlif{o cd[t 8fFuL / ;f]xL 7fpF a:g] !) jlif{o ;'zLn s'jF / sf]dT[ o' ePsf] xf] . kf}8L v]Ng] qmddf 8'as ] f pgLx?sf] lzIf0f c:ktfn sf]xnk'/df pkrf/sf qmddf d[To' ePsf] Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no sf]xnk'/ n] hgfPsf] 5 .

cfkm\g} >Ldltsf] xTof ug]{ Ps kqmfp /;'jf @* c;f/ . cfkm\g} >Ldltsf] xTof u/]sf] cf/f]kdf Ps hgfnfO{ ;f]daf/ k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/]sf] 5 . kqmfp kg]d { f /;'jf lhNnf nx/]kf}jf uflj;–( sf $) jlif{o ;'Aaf axfb'/ ljs /x]sf 5g . ;f]daf/ ljxfg % jh]lt/ 3/fo;L s'/fdf ljjfb xFb' f #@ jifL{of >LdtL s'df/L ljsnfO{ s'6lk6 u/L xTof u/]sf lyP . xTof u/]sf] hfgsf/L kfPkl5 sflnsf:yfgaf6 vl6Psf] 6f]nLn] pgnfO{ kqmfp u/]sf] xf] .

b'O{ aif{kl5 xTof/f kqmfp kj{t @* c;f/ . nfdf] ;do ylGsPsf] xTof 36gfsf cleo'QmnfO{ kj{t k|x/Ln] b'O{ jif{kl5 kQf nufpg ;kmn ePsf] 5 . k|x/Ln] 7'nf] d]xgtsf ;fy hutaxfb'/ k'gnfO{ xTof ug]{ n]vkmf6 $ kj{tsf #^ alif{o 1fgaxfb'/ kfOhf / pgsf efO{ nf]sG] b| kfOhfnfO{ kqmfp u/]sf] xf] . cleo'Qm nf]sG] b| )&@ c;f/ & ut] kqmfp k/]kl5 pg}sf] aofgsf] cfwf/df pgsf bfh' 1fgaxfb'/nfO{ gf/fo0fu9df l/S;f rnfO/x]sf] cj:yfdf kqmfp ul/Psf] k|x/Ln] hgfPsf] 5 . cfh ePsf] kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf pgLx?n] hutn] cf+km" x?nfO{ cfqmd0f u/]sf] tyf df]afOn rf]/s ] f] sf/0f xTof u/]sf] :jLsf/ u/]sf 5g\ . k|x/Ln] cfh g} b'a} hgfnfO{ lhNnf cbfnt kj{tdf k]z u/]sf] 5 .

lhNnf c:ktfn dn+ujfdf ca z}Nolqmof u/L ;'ts]/L u/fOg] ;DaGwL ;"rgf lgMz' N s cfdf ;' / Iff sfo{ q md cGt/ut ldlt @)&@÷@÷@* ut] b]lv lhNnf c:ktfn dn+ujdf c/s sfo{qmd jf z}Noflqmof u/L ;'ts]/L u/fOg] sfo{qmd ;'? ePsf] x'“bf df}sfsf] kmfObf lng x'g cg'/f]w ul/G5 . zNoflqmof lgMz'Ns x'g] Joxf]/f ;d]t o;} ;"rgf åf/f hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 .

;fy} lhNnf c:ktfn dn+ u jfdf ;'/lIft uj{ktg ;]jf ;d]t ;'? ePsf] 5 . !@ xKtf eGbf d' l gsf uj{ k tg u/fpg rfxg] JolQmn] ;Dks{ ug'{xf]nf . ue{ktg jfkt !@ ;o ;'Ns nfUg] 5 .