et propre.â 1Ainsi va le rĂ©cit qui retrace la dĂ©couverte de la plus prĂ©cieuse des ressources dans les annĂ©es 1760 Ă lâendroit qui sâappellera bientĂŽt Abu Dhabi, le pĂšre de la gazelle. Depuis des siĂšcles, la rĂ©gion Ă©tait dirigĂ©e par la puissante tribu Bani Yas basĂ©e dans les oasis de Liwa, Ă lâintĂ©rieur des terres. Les Bani Yas se rendaient trĂšs souvent sur la cĂŽte pour pĂȘcher et ramasser du sel, mais sans eau potable dans la rĂ©gion, ils ne pouvaient pas sây Ă©tablir. Lorsquâils dĂ©couvrirent lâeau, la lĂ©gende raconte que le chef de lâĂ©poque, Sheikh Dhiyab, comprit trĂšs vite lâimportance de protĂ©ger cette ressource prĂ©cieuse et fit construire une tour faite en pierres de corail. DorĂ©navant, des gens pouvaient sâĂ©tablir sur lâĂźle et une petite communautĂ© se dĂ©veloppa. Lâexistence dâune tour de garde a Ă©tĂ© rapportĂ©e pour la premiĂšre fois en 1761. 1795-1928: une communautĂ© prend forme En plus de lâeau douce, lâĂźle dâAbu Dhabi offrait une excellente position stratĂ©gique dâoĂč lâon pouvait faire du commerce, crĂ©er des alliances et influencer la politique rĂ©gionale. Afin dâexploiter ceci, Sheikh Shakbut Bin Dhiyab, qui rĂ©gna entre 1795 et 1816, construisit un grand fort carrĂ©, peut-ĂȘtre en utilisant la tour de The National: âHistory project: Tower of Strength: Qasr Al Hosn through the Agesâ, February 27, 2013, p.5
1
Abu Dhabi 1949 -PremiÚre photo aérienne connue / First known aerial photograph
Entrance to the Rulerâs Fort, Abu Dhabi, circa 1951
in a place that was soon to be called Abu Dhabi, the father of the gazelle. For centuries, the region has been ruled by the powerful Bani Yas tribe from the inland oases of Liwa. The Bani Yas often visited the coast to fish and gather salt, but with no fresh water in the area, they could not stay. When they discovered water local stories say that the then ruler, Sheikh Dhiyab, realised the importance of protecting the precious resource and he built a coral stone watchtower. People could now settle on the island and a small community began to develop. The existence of the watchtower was first recorded in 1761. 1795-1928: A community takes shape In addition to fresh water, the island of Abu Dhabi offered an excellent strategic location, where people could trade, create alliances and influence regional politics. To exploit this, Sheikh Shakhbut Bin Dhiyab, who ruled from 1795-1816, built a large square fort, perhaps using the original watchtower as a way to defend one of its corners. The ruler moved from Liwa Oasis to the island and the fort became Qasr (âPalaceâ) Al Hosn (âFortâ), the seat of government, military headquarters and home. The rest of the 19th century in the Gulf was turbulent, with frequent conflicts and rivalries. Sheikh Tahnoon Bin Shakbut and his successors strengthened Qasr Al Hosn so that it could withstand any attack and endure any siege. Abu Dhabi grew from a small village
50
ARCHITECTURE_Qasr al Hosn_SEP14.indd 50
9/5/14 12:31 AM