Mfr l4 arctic antarctica

Contents The ends of the Earth

4

The big freeze

6

Lands of the Arctic

8

Animals in the Arctic Ocean 10 Animals on the tundra

12

Peoples of the Arctic

14

Arctic explorers

16

South to Antarctica

18

Animals in the Antarctic

20

Antarctic explorers

22

Ice stations

24

Changing climate

26

The future

28

Glossary

30

Index

32 3

The ends of the Earth If you travel very far to the north or south, you reach lands of ice and snow. These are wild, beautiful places, where it is difficult for humans to survive. These are the polar regions.

The North Pole is the most northerly point on Earth. The area around the North Pole is called the Arctic. On maps, the Arctic Circle is an imaginary line around this region that crosses the Arctic Ocean and includes parts of Canada, Greenland and Russia.

The Arctic

Ar ct

ic

ALASKA (USA)

le rc Ci

CANADA ARCTIC OCEAN

North Pole

ICELAND

4

Miles 0

1000

Km

1600

0

NORWAY SWEDEN FINLAND

ND LA K) N R EE MA GR EN (D

RUSSIA