Design book - The Broch by Xue Lijia

THE HISTORY AND MEMORY OF THE TOWN'S FISHING INDUSTRY IS ON DISPLAY HERE.

LIJIA XUE

01 INTRO 02 CONTEXT 03 DEISGN Fraserburgh, a small fishing village in the North East of Scotland, I have been moving here for over 4 years. As far as I can remember the town is always quiet and only the harbour is busy every day. My initial intention was to design a 'tourist attraction' that would simply bring economic benefit to the town and it was only after starting my project that I realised

04 PROPOSAL 05 VISUALS

INTRO Brief of project Fraserburgh Brief history of fraserbugh

BRIEF

I imagined this project as a symbolic monument that captures the unique context and values of the town and position in the town centre and harbour area. The project and memory of the town is presented and embraced by locals and visitors alike.

The aim of this project is to regenerate the heritage of Fraserburgh. The project 'THE BROCH' (a nickname for Fraserburgh, derived from the old Scolsh word for ‘fortress') will be reinvented as a multi functional centre for cultural activities and workspaces, which will primarily be used to support local economic development and cultural exchange. Fraserburgh, as a harbour Fraserburgh, once a major industrial and herring boom town in the North East, has a rich fishery historical heritage and culture. Fraserburgh's rich history is inextricably linked to its maritime location and the opportunities this has offered over many centuries. The town's fortunes have risen and fallen fortunes and their efforts to outdo rival towns such as Peterhead and even Aberdeen. Fraserburgh was declared by one contemporary commentator to vast, peaking around 1907. To this day, Fraserburgh remains one of the most prosperous ports in the north east of Scotland and it is also a major port for deep in the town which giving the project great potential to further celebrate

FRASERBURGH FRASERBURGH FRASERBURGH

In 1952 the Fraserburgh Photographic Society staged a pantomime, “Humpty Dumpty”, to raise funds for equipment. The pantomime was so successful that the following year some of the members came young people in the Arts.

FISHING INDUSTRY The harbour boasts a state of the art six berth slipway facility, storm gates, a large drydock, and fully

Fraserburgh

ARCHITECTURE Fraserburgh is also home to a variety of impressive 19th Century churches, each in its own distinct style. This includes: Fraserburgh Baptist Church; Fraserburgh Old Parish Church (the oldest); Our Peterhead

Church.

SPORTS courts, martial arts dojo, skatepark and football pitches. Aberdeen

founded by 1777.

MUSEUM

Fraserburgh is a town in Aberdeenshire, Scotland. It is of raised beach, facing the North Sea on two sides. It is the biggest shellfish port in Scotland and one of the largest in Europe.

200 m

Fraserburgh harbour 13,100 Population

50.9%

49.1%

Female

Male

Fraserburgh beach

Fraserburgh heritage centre 80.2%

5,548

65.1%

Households

Supermarket

olds are in employment

olds are in education

Seafood processing

FRASERBURGH

Church

AGE GROUPS

Hotel Community Services School

Bus station 12%

19%

21%

19%

16%

75 and over

Fraserburgh has a good stock of historic buildings which give character to the town centre and provide interest, diversity

8% 0%

25%

the number of vacant shop units, although the situation can change from month to month. The depressing air that vacancy or gaps create is compounded by lack of maintenance on buildings in general. Poorly designed shopfronts and decaying closed shopfronts are a particular eyesore. 1000 ft

F FRASERBURGH BRIEF HISTORY OF FRASERBURGH BRIEF HISTORY O 1800s 1601 Under a new charter the town was constituted 'a free port, free burgh of barony, and free regality, to be called in all time coming, the Burgh and Regality of Fraserburgh.'

1569 Fraserburgh was founded by Philorth, who began building of the at this time was known as 'Faithlie' which was the name of a free burgh of barony created in 1564 under a charter of Queen Mary. The town became Fraserburgh under a charter granted in 1601.

1755 The population of Fraserburgh was 1,682 according to The Statistical Account on the Parish of Fraserburgh by Rev. Alexander Simpson (written 1791).

The growth of the herring trade brought prosperity to Fraserburgh which lasted into the early 20th Century.

1833

2003

The town's barony council was replaced by the police commissioners. The new administration had power to improve facilities and the town was growing in prosperity.

Deepening of approaches to Fraserburgh harbour.

1914 The herring industry declined rapidly with the outbreak of war in 1914. Initially most boats did not risk going to sea and fish processing declined. Even when it became safer to fish, exports to Germany and Scandinavia could not resume. Nor did these markets open up after the war. This, combined with decreasing demand for fish in Britain and low catches, led to a serious economic deline in Fraserburgh.

2011 The census recorded 13,180 residents making Fraserburgh the third largest settlement in Aberdeenshire after Peterhead and Inverurie.

RECENT DECADES. Unemployment and depopulation have weakened the economy and this, combined with the development of out of town shopping has had a negative impact on the occupation, use and repair of buildings in the town centre. Some gap sites within the proposed town centre conservation area have been built on, but several remain.

02 CONTEXT Questionnaires and analysis Interview Site analysis

THE HERRING BOOM AND ITS EFFECTS Fish sales increased greatly after the arrival of the railway in 1865 and the real years of the herring boom were between about 1870 and 1914. Several phases of harbour expansion to Scandinavia, Germany and well beyond – some two and a half million barrels in 1907.

world wars. However, overcrowding of seasonal migrant workers, mostly young women, in very poor housing, was a serious issue and slum conditions were common. The growing wealth of Fraserburgh allowed for renovations and alterations to the Old Parish Church in the 1870s and '90s and the construction of the South United Free Church several civic functions, including a dining room, public hall, baths and the monthly sheriff court.

Fraserburgh Harbour in the 1880s

THE HERRING BOOM AND ITS EFFECTS

CURRENT DEVELOPMENT OF LOCAL FISHERIES

on the map. The development of the harbour allowed more than 1000 drifters to land their fish each season in the busiest years between 1870 and 1900. At this time the industry

CURRENT DEVELOPMENT OF LOCAL FISHERIES

fisheries catch is landed there. Many of the fishing communities are in small, relatively remote villages. Fraserburgh and Peterhead, by contrast, are large port towns which account for the majority of fishing employment in the district.

The coming of the railway in 1865 enabled catches to be sent all over the world with

The fraserburgh harbour houses a number of full time crab fishermen who operate throughout the year. The vast majority of crab landed is trucked to markets in England with the balance processed locally. Many of these smaller

Today the herring industry has declined somewhat but Fraserburgh continues to be a

being landed and sold through the Fishmarket. Fraserburgh Harbour is also home to a number of the large pelagic fishing vessels who class Fraserburgh Harbour as their “home” port. These vessels can be seen moored in the Balaclava basin between fishing seasons for mackerel, herring, blue whiting etc. The harbour and bay are designated and approved pelagic landing areas.

annum. The wider industry employs approximately 6,000 people in the area.

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF FUTURE FISHERIES

Healthy fish populations are a naturally renewable as well as being of great importance to our marine ecosystems. It is important to live within environmental limits to ensure that fish stocks are kept healthy to provide a resource for future generations and to safeguard the diversity of the marine ecosystem on which they depend.

As part of the reformed Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) it has been agreed that catches of quota fish may no longer be discarded. Instead, all of the catch must be landed and counted against quota. The discard ban, or catch limits and those subject to minimum size limits in the Mediterranean. The discard ban is being phased in over a number years, starting in 2015 with pelagic being fully implemented across all TAC species by 2019.

The Scottish Government and industry are working in several capacities to implement the discard ban in an effective and proportionate manner.Gear adaptations and selective technologies help to reduce catches of

Questionnaire for locals Questionnaire for locals

This questionnaire was designed specifically for local people and I wanted to find out in it, while a relatively large number of people would like to know more about the local (21.97%), which indicates that young people are still interested in the local fishing industry, which is a good sign.

Seafood cuisine and historical fishing heritage are the most anticipated events. In general, local people have a positive attitude towards the project.

Have heard of it

27.6%

Don't know much about it

51.7%

Yes

10.3%

Depend

65.5%

24.1%

According to my research, tests for Gear adaptations and From this questionnaire, it shows that the results of these

gear and it might change their minds if they could be made more

Questionnaire for potential visitors

20.7%

Questionnaire for potential visitors

Yes

83%

17%

18.9% Have heard of it

35.8%

Don't know much about it

45.3%

Yes

62.3%

Don't mind

18.9%

Seafood Cuisine

81.1%

Enjoy the natural

71.7% 54.7%

Exhibition

52.8%

Fishing

24.5%

Handicrafts workshpo

34%

Fish processing tour

30.2%

Performances

35.8%

Aquarium

54.7%

Marine Ecological Conservation

45.3%

Other

7.5%

Results from a survey of 53 people within potential tourists of

seafood cuisine was the most attractive project.

years

Trawler skipper Adam Robertson Rookie skipper David Clark onshore

Rookie fisherman Gavin Burnett in Peterhead Harbour Skipper Davie Milne on board his new boat, Faithlie 'Fish Town'

Inter views with fishing net Trawls

were doing, they were designing fishing nets with the latest technology, but they were still So I contacted them and got a very friendly response. After talking to them, I had new ideas for the design of the workspace in my project.

http://jacksontrawls.co.uk

SITE SITE

After searching the town for some potential buildings, I chose a vacant one near the harbour.

SITE

This corner building are highly visible and flexibility, it is a substantial 19th century building, with frontage on three streets, the main entrance on Broad Street, being

the widest as the name suggestions, and is also the most prosperous commercial street in the town, There are also three secondary entrances on the north side of the building on Firthside Street, including a well designed corner onto Shore Street where offers great views of the town's harbour.

SITE SITE SITE SITE

FRASERBURGH HARBOUR Fraserburgh Seafood processing company

Fraserburgh centre

Fraserburgh harbour Seafood processing company Fraserburgh beach

Fraserburgh heritage centre

SITE

SITE SITE SITE SITE SITE SITE SITE SITE

Selected building

2 3

Control tower

Dry Dock

Fish market

Ship lift

Storm gates

Pontoon Facility Conservation Area

Solar Data

63 Broad Street Fraserburgh AB43 9AU

a turret and spirelet. However, the stonework on the Shore Street and Frithside Street elevations has been rendered and painted black.

street, 1950

street, 2020

Daylight duration:17h

Existing Ground Floor Plan. Not to scale

bar, Night club with cocktail bar, managers living quarters. Nightclub and public bar have own separate entrances. The three storey, 1300 square metre building has elements of the Scottish Baroque style predominantly on the

Daylight duration:7h

Existing Second Floor Plan. Existing First Floor Plan. Not to scale Not to scale

Hotel.

Site map of the building Not to scale

This building is importance as it on a prominent site in the town centre and harbor areas.

December

EXISTING FLOORS

INTERIOR PHOTOS CONDITION OF BUILDING In fact, the Royal Hotel has been unoccupied for a few years and it is still in a state of auctions. 7000 mm

3500 mm

The entire exterior of the building is in good condition but the glass is starting to oxidise and yellow due to the is seriously affecting views and light. The door handles are rusting and the wooden doors are slowly rotting. The main furnishings of the interior are of an old fashion that respects the existing hotel structure and style. The interior is not leaking and the electrical circuits are and carpets need replacing.

As the building is built on a slope, the sketch model helped me to better .

A survey of online feedback shows that people have a rather low opinion of the Royal Hotel. Apart from the management and service, another major reason for the poor reviews is the dissatisfaction and disappointment with the environment. They describe 'The decor from the front lobby to the room was abysmal. The walls were all hand printed and worn' 'the rooms are like prison cells' and 'Dirty, dark, depressing and dretful room' ( Tripadvisor, 2021). The space in this building should have been better utilised in such a way that the location, function could have had greater potential to achieve a higher social value.

BUILDING STRATEGIES

As the building belong to Georgian period, traditional truss structures are used for the roof structures of building. They are covered up by suspended ceilings, which are no longer structurally stable due to their age, and removing the ceilings to reveal parts of the roof timber structure will make the space more visually appealing.

The building has a long and narrow shape and although there are many windows, most of them face north and the interior is not well lit.

There is no lift in the building, and as the building is built on a slope, the stairs and creating problems of access for the disabled.

BUILDING STRATEGIES

The existing spatial layout is a traditional hotel layout, consisting of a number of secondary structures forming small spaces. It is not suitable for future development and the possibility of greater functionality. Therefore most of the secondary structures will be demolished or replaced. According to the statement before, in the new functions，the roof structures staircases will be knocked down for designing new layouts. Interior wall panels will be removed so that material of the existing stone wall will be kept and used as one of the features of the building.

03 DESIGN Zoing proposal

Population needs Vertical circulation

Zoning

SPACE FOR FISHERMAN

EATING SPACE

EXHIBITION SPACE

I first divided the building into three main zones based on the unique shape and spatial structure of the building: middle serves as a space for communication activities that should be adapted to all. And the space near the city centre serves as a space with educational significance, providing knowledge of the sea for the locals.

zone atmosphere

SPACE FOR FISHERMAN

EATING SPACE

EXHIBITION SPACE

Initial zoning proposal

toilet

exhibiton

lift

stairs storage

lift

Yard

kitchen

exhibiton

accessed from the restaurant or the exhibition space

eating space toilet

reception stairs

Sunken bar

stairs

Fisherman area

big stairs

eating space eating space

toilet exhibiton lift

escape stairs

pubilc toilet

stairs

lift

staff toilet exhibiton stairs stairs

storage escape stair

void

eating space eating space

ESCAPE EXIT ENTRANCE

PRIMARY STRUCTURE SECONDARY STRUCTURE

Initial zoning proposal

void

stairs

toilet

stairs

void exhibiton void space void

wood structure roof

exhibition stairs

demonstrate innovative

stairs

eating space

stairs exhibition

stairs eating space

exhibition

stairs

exhibition

As decided earlier, the middle part of the building will serve as a seafood restaurant and a public will therefore be developed from the centre of the building.

local residents, visitors and staff closer together.

Fish&Chips

Cafe Fishermen's lounge

Exhibition space

Innovative fishing gear making and display Innovative fishing gear advisory rooms

Fish&Chips

Bar Fishermen's lounge

Fishermen's lounge

'The shower room, kitchen and lounge and other facilities in the harbour location would be very useful and convenience for us.' about innovative fishing gear. I am not sure if using these innovative technologies for fishing gear will affect my profitability. But I am willing to learn more about how to choose and use them.' ）

GITAG

'we are seeks to build on the body of work around gear selectivity, catch and discards reducing devices

GITAG

related knowledge throughout the industry to act as a link between active fishermen, industry and public .' Technology Advisory Group)

Local Residents

centre, audio and visual representation. A restaurant or cafe would be appreciated by the public.' 'Should be accessible to all and provide as much variety/ eduaction as possible to all ages.'

Local Residents

Visitors The most attractive thing for me was the fresh seafood dishes.' 'I wouldn't mind learning more about the history of the .' Staircase Elevators

Visitors

The project is seen as a boat docked in the harbour, bringing the benefits of As a source of inspiration. I took the shape of a Fifie and designed a bar and mezzanine lounge area.

into the 20th century. They had a significant impact on fraserburgh during the herring boom.

04 PROPOSAL Proposal drawing set Material proposal Main space drawing set Detail drawing set Proposal local brand

Overall, The project 'THE BROCH' (a nickname for fraserburgh, derived from the old Scottish word for ‘fortress') will be reinvented as a multifunctional centre for cultural activities and workspaces, which will primarily be used to support local economic development and cultural exchange. In this context the building will be divided into several functional areas. industry, particularly during the herring boom period. Encouraging more heritage, while in turn raising local awareness of the town's rich heritage. to Fraserburgh. Serving traditional fish and chips and freshly prepared seafood dishes daily to locals and visitors alike.

work. Technology Advisory Group, as well as support areas relating to various materials and production techniques. This innovative environment also across the industry in order to act as a link between active fishermen, is to conduct innovative trials of existing gear categories, experiment with

Proposal drawing set (not to scale)

Proposal drawing set(not to scale)

Second Floor

First Floor

Ground Floor

Material proposal

Main space drawing set(not to scale)

B Frontand back bar work surface fromed from engineered worktop

Solid oak bar chair with an natural finish

Support column also used as a partition 1000

Red Oak Solid Wood Stair Tread Wood baluster

Back bar mounted plywood table

Support column

A Ordering counter & bar

1200

Support column

Birch plywood counter top

1:20 0

400mm

1200mm

2000mm

PROJECT NAME:

Main Space Gourd Floor Plan

THE BROCH

1:20@ A2

DRAWING NO. 001/L(72)001

LIJIA XUE S1764186

Main space drawing set(not to scale)

Mezzanine floor is completely enclosed by bending wood fence

Wooden fence post fixed in the mezzanine floor Rails attached to post

2200 Handrails

Plenty of cushions on the mezzanine for people to lie down or sit and relax

8900

PROJECT NAME: 1:20 0

400mm

1200mm

2000mm

THE BROCH

Main Space Mezzanine Floor Plan DRAWING NO. 001/L(72)003 1:20@ A2 LIJIA XUE S1764186

Main space drawing set(not to scale)

16mm Clear Triplewall Polycarbonate Sheeet

An adjustable wooden joist is sandwiched between two large wooden column

The Mortise & Tenon Wood Beam

steel joist hanger for timber to timber connections

Glulam column Folding Components

PROJECT NAME: 1:20 0

400mm

1200mm

2000mm

THE BROCH

Main Space Second Floor Plan DRAWING NO. 001/L(72)003 1:20@ A2 LIJIA XUE S1764186

Main space drawing set(not to scale)

DETAIL 5 001/A(72)003 1200

2800

DETAIL 2 001/A(72)001

8900

2480

PROJECT NAME: 1:20 0

400mm

1200mm

2000mm

THE BROCH

Main Space Elevation A DRAWING NO. 001/L(72)004 1:20@ A2 LIJIA XUE S1764186

Main space drawing set(not to scale)

DETAIL 3 001/A(72)002

DETAIL 6 001/A(22)001

Wooden column with hooks as a display aid Unfolded wood joist as a hand-made fishing net aid

DETAIL 4 001/A(72)003

Operating tables

A combination of polycarbonate panel and wood column separates the mechanical production area from the handmade area

DETAIL 5 001/A(72)003

EZISX Y

160 DETAIL 2 001/A(72)001

2480 Ordering counter & bar

PROJECT NAME:

165

Suspended staircase

DETAIL 1 001/A(72)001

1:20 0

400mm

1200mm

2000mm

THE BROCH

Main Space Elevation B DRAWING NO. 001/L(72)005 1:20@ A2 LIJIA XUE S1764186

Detail drawing set(not to scale)

100

100X50X2800 MM Oak Fence Post Fixed In The Mezzanine Floor

70MM Zinc-plated Steel Deck Screw 19MM Engineered Timber Flooring 6MM Plywood Sheating 25 MM sound deadening board 50x170MM Floor Joists Insulation 50MM Self-Drilling Dowel

12.5 PLASTERBOARD

8MM WELDED STEEL KNIFE PLATE

M10 x 50mm Zinc Steel Hex Bolt

Ø50mm Red Oak Solid Wood baluster

M10 x 50mm x Ø16mm Barrel Nut

Red Oak Solid Wood Stair Tread

50 M10 x 100mm Zinc Steel Hex Bolt

M24 X 130MM Hex Bolt

M24 Hex Nut Wide Washer

5mm

DETAIL 1& DETAIL 2

THE BROCH

1:5 @ A3

25MM WOOD BLOCK

DRAWING NO. 001/A(72)001

LIJIA XUE S1764186

2000X50X100MM LARCH GLULAM BEAMS

1:5 N

1:5

PROJECT NAME:

5mm

PROJECT NAME:

DETAIL 3

THE BROCH

1:5 @ A3

DRAWING NO. 001/A(72)002

LIJIA XUE S1764186

Detail drawing set(not to scale)

M24 X 200MM Hex Bolt

GLlulam Post

Mitere Corner Joint With Joint With 5MM Peg

F Section

M24 Hex Nut

16mm Clear Triplewall Polycarbonate Sheeet

25MM WOOD BLOCK

Glazing Bars Fixing Screws

400X100X3250MM LARCH GLULAM POST

50x100MM LARCH GLULAM BEAMS

Joist Hanger 50 x 167mm Thread Countersunk Pozi Screw 100X50X2800 MM Oak Fence Post Fixed In The Mezzanine Floor

9MM Tile M24 Hex Nut

6MM Plywood Sheating

200X200X3250MM Larch Glulam Post

Existing Floor Board Insulation

M24 X 250MM Hex Bolt

Timber Beam WELDED STEEL KNIFE PLATE

Existing ceiling

50MM Self-Drilling Dowel

70MM Zinc-plated Steel Deck Screw

1:5

5mm

THE BROCH

1:5

DRAWING NO. 001/A(72)003 1:5@ A2 LIJIA XUE S1764186

PROJECT NAME:

DETAIL 4 AND DETAIL 5

5mm

PROJECT NAME:

DETAIL 6

THE BROCH

1:5 @ A3

DRAWING NO. 001/A(22)001

LIJIA XUE S1764186

Bolt

M24 Hex Nut

Glulam beams Notched

Barrel nut

FENCE

Oak baluster

SUSPENDED STAIRS BAR

Hex bolt Oak stair tread

During the day the whole building is fully used

Proposal local brand

THE BROCH From sea to plate. The Broch putting susyainable, fresh and

05 VISUALS

Mezzanine Lounge

THANK YOU lijiaxue1123@gmail.com uh_leaah 07479967699