Portfolio for UCL MArch Urban Design Shengyue Kuang

PORTFOLIO For the Application to MArch Urban Design at UCL

Shengyue Kuang Landscape Architecture East China University of Science and Technology shengyue_kuang@163.com

CONTENTS 01

THE WOUND

01—08

From Ruins to Memorial Eco-park DATE: 2022.7~2022.10

SITE: Beirut, Lebanon

TYPE: academic work

CONCEPT: The Port of Beirut has a prosperous history, but as a result of a severe ammonium nitrate explosion, it has become a contaminated, scarred, and sgrieving site. The project aims to create a memorial eco-park that will both remediate the acidified contaminated soil and commemorate the horrific explosion, bringing the scarred site back to life.

02

TO THE RIVER

09—15

Heihui River Channel Reconstruction DATE: 2023.7~2023.10

SITE: Shaxi, China

TYPE: academic work

CONCEPT: The water quality of Heili River is affected by urban domestic sewage and agricultural water, and the non-waterfriendly revetment design further alienates people from the river. This design aims to solve this problem through water purification and revetment design.

03

TWINKLING STARS

16—22

From Quarry To Observatory DATE: 2021.9~2022.1

SITE: Fujian, China

TYPE: academic work

CONCEPT: A city in Fujian is affected by light pollution and the stars cannot be seen. However, there is a quarry in the city which is far away from light pollution and has been abandoned for a long time. The project aims to transform this abandoned quarry into a unique star observatory through topographical design.

04

FILTERATION

23—30

Coral Conservation Plan Near Stone Island SITE: Stone Island, Australia TYPE: academic work DATE: 2023.1~2023.3 CONCEPT: The coral near Stone Island, located in the middle of Australia's Great Barrier Reef, has been bleached by the heat island effect and sediment from cities and salt pans. This project aims to protect the coral through breakwater, sedimentation tank and an organic combination of tidal power generation and biorock.

05

OTHER WORK

31

01 THE WOUND From Ruins to Memorial Eco-park

CONCEPT : The Port of Beirut has a prosperous history, but as a result of a severe ammonium nitrate explosion, it has become a contaminated, scarred, and sgrieving site.

The project aims to create a memorial eco-park that will both remediate the acidified contaminated soil and commemorate the horrific explosion, bringing the scarred site back to life.

Date: 2022.7~2022.10 Advisor: Xu Su Area: 10 Hm² Site: Beirut, Lebanon Type: Academic, Individual Key Concern: Brownfield Remediation; Post-disaster Reconstruction; City Park

1

A City With The Wound - Beirut, Lebanon The Location Of Beirut

35°29'25"

Beirut is the capital of Lebanon, facing the Mediterranean Sea. Behind and around it, the mountain ranges of Lebanon frame the city. Historically and today, the Port of Beirut has been a crucial part of Lebanese development and politics.

City History and The Explosion Return of Beirut Port

35°30'05"

35°30'45"

35°31'25"

35°32'05" 35°55'15"

218 death 7,100 seriously injured 77,000 damaged apartments

2km

3km

33°54'45"

The Port of Beirut was taken back from a French company by the Lebanese government in 1960.

1960 Prosperity of Beirut Port

Beirut Port transshipment of containers and revenues have increased sharply since 2015.

33°54'15"

1km

2015

Site 2750 tons of ammonium nitrate exploded and the explosion was the equivalent of 1,000 to 1,500 tonnes of TNT.

Explosion and impacts

33°53'45"

2020.8 3.Contaminated soil

33°53'15"

1.Severely damaged buildings

Damaged warehouses

2.Collapsing grain silos Residents' protests

2021

The government wants to demolish these damaged silos, but there is strong opposition from the victims' families.

Residential area Severely damaged

Many people see the explosion as the result of government's corruption and mismanagement.

33°52'45"

Slight damaged 0

250

500

1000

1500

2000 Miles

35°29'25"

35°30'05"

35°30'45"

35°31'25"

35°32'05"

2

Surrouding Of The Explosion Site

Goal 1.Renovate

Excavation and Filling Phytoremediation

2.Commemorate

Preserve damaged gain silos Make a memorial landscape Reconnect the site with the surrounding area

3.Revive

Conflicts

Attract people to the site

Damaged warehouses

Beirut Central District

NO2, NH3

Blast crater and silos

Ashrafaye District

Inaccessibility

Affected buildings

NH4NO3

Residential Buildings Grain Silos

Warehouses

Cereals

HNO3

65m 32m heavily polluted soil lightly polluted soil sand soil 3

Strategy

Site Generation Process

The nitrogen dioxide and ammonia produced by the explosion of ammonium nitrate will form dilute nitric acid when exposed to rainwater, which will enter the soil and cause soil acidification together with the remaining ammonium nitrate.

Use grids to distinguish pollution levels

Severely polluted areas

Lightly polluted soil

How To Deal With The Contamination 1.Distinguish Contaminated Soil With Orginal Soil

Contaminated soil

Polluted water

Contaminated soil

Residues from explosions can lead to contamination of the upper layers of soil, which are divided into contaminated soil and original contaminated soil.

2.Remove Contaminated Soil

2.

Divide the site into 5m*5m grids

The shock wave caused by the explosion spread outward in a circular shape

3.

4.

The topography of the shock wave generated by the explosion and the 5m*5m grid form a fan, which explains why the subsequent excavation and filling of the soil block is in the shape of a fan.

Remove contaminated soil and reduce the footprint of contaminated soil.

5.

6.

Remove contaminated soil over lightly polluted soil, which achieves a cut-and-fill balance for earthworks.

Existing terrain was created after earth balancing.

Contamination

Different levels of pollution Lightly polluted areas

1.

Original soil

Planting soil

The contaminated soil is moved to another contaminated soil, and then covered by barrier protection material and planting soil.

Contaminated soil

Barrier protection material

Original soil

7.

Oringal soil Contaminated soil

3.Make a Memorial Landscape Make memorial terrain on undulating terrain and make memorial art on retaining wall baffles in remembrance of those who died in the Beirut explosion.

8.

Memorial Art

Cover the planting soil after barrier protection material and then plant acid-tolerant plants.

Place trails in the terrain 4

Master Plan

1 Entrance Plaza 2 Grain Silos 3 Ecological Wetland

This city park was built on the site of the Beirut Port explosion.

To combat land contamination, the land was excavated and filled in to create an undulating topography, on top of which a memorial topography was made, and then many aquatic and terrestrial vegetation with purifying properties were planted, and the grain solis that were about to collapse were preserved to create a memorial landscape.

I hope that this park will be a memorial eco-park in remembrance of the explosion.

4 Hydrophilic Platform 5 Event Lawn 6 Assembly Square 7 Memorial Terrain

7

2

4 5 6 3

1

0

25

50

100

150

200 Miles

5

Site Program Pervious Concrete Lay Brick

Reinforced Concrete

Gravel

People are guided towards the center of the site by radial paths and two types of paving are adopted.

The grain silos have been transformed into a monumental landscape, and people can walk through them to the hydrophilic platform.

The activity lawn located to the west of the grain silos is available for people to relax and people can walk through this lawn to the grain silos.

1.Walking Trails

2.Grain Silos

3. Event Lawn

Weathering Steel Plate

Stucco

When people walk in memorial terrain, they can see the memorial art on the retaining walls.

People can get close to the wetland through the hydrophilic platform. The plants in the wetland are all aquatic plants with the ability to purify water quality.

4. Memorial Terrain

Hydrophilic Platform

4

2

1

3 5

6

Vellum Study: Testing The Landform

Serial Section

A

A

A'

B

B'

B

C

C'

C D

D'

D E B' D' E'

E

A'

E'

C'

F' F

H' I'

J' F

G

F'

G'

G'

H

H'

J I

G H

I

J

I'

J' 7

Grain silos full of creepers

Arched Door

Memorial Terrain The weathering steel plates are inscribed with the names of the victims and the family's condolences.

Close to the barn one can see the traces of the explosion on the huge barn, the arches under the barn allow one to walk from the memorial terrain to the water terrace, and close by the memorial art on the retaining wall reminds one of the victims of the explosion.

Grain silos full of creepers

View of the sea from the hydrophilic platform

Salt-tolerant aquatic plants that evolve water quality

Ecological Wetland Acidified soil may still remain near the shore, so a large number of aquatic plants with purifying properties have been planted to create an ecological wetland, as well as giving a nice wide view to those who walk from the arched doors under the grain silos to the hydrophilic platform.

8

02 TO THE RIVER Heihui River Channel Reconstruction

CONCEPT : The Heilu River flows through Shaxi and is the mother river of Shaxi residents.

However, high city walls, non-water-friendly revetment design, and the discharge of agricultural and domestic sewage have kept people away from the river.

The project aims to solve this problem through water purification and revetment design.

Date: 2023.7~2023.10 Advisor: AiBin Yan Area: 1000 Hm² Site: Shaxi, China Type: Academic, Individual Key Concern: Sewage purification; Ecological river; Revetment design

9

Situating Heilu River In The Context

Existing Issues

Excessive High Platform

A

Excessive Far Platform

B

C Inaccessibility to River

C

E

G B

Town

City Wall Block

D

View Block

E

Steep Scope !

F

D A

Farmland F H

Pesticide Pollution

Domestic Sewage

G

H 10

Strategies

Solution: Issue A+B A+B. Non-hydrophilic Platform

Solution: Issue F

Solution: Issue G+H

F. Steep Scope

G. Pesticide Pollution

H. Domestic Sewage

Design different types of revetment forms according to different slopes to achieve a safe and water-friendly waterfront space.

a-1.Floodable Platform

f-1. Water-friendly steps

a-2.Floatable Platform

f-2. Pine Pile

f-3. Riprap Revetment

f-1.

g-1. Submerged Wetland

h-1. Sediment

f-2.

Solution: Issue D D.City Wall Block

Solution: Issue C

h-2. Zig-zag Sills and Deflecting Groynes

C. Inaccessibility to River c-1.

c-2. d-1. Staggered City Walls

c-1. Hydrophobic Step

c-2. Stepping Stone

Water flowing through a suddenly widening channel or structures like zig-zag sills and deflecting groynes changes the direction of flow and increases the river's dynamics.

Scour holes form and materials in the river are shifted and deposited,increasing habitat diversity. Low weirs were converted to river bottom ramps, and rockbaffles and groynes further increase flow variance.

11

Master Plan

0

150

300

450

Transect A

600 Miles

Tra n

sec

tA

Transect B

Tra n

sec

tB

Transect C

Transect C

Town Farmland Grassland Wetland Street tree Road

12

Transect A Plan

At Transect A, the staggered city walls make it easier for people in Shaxi Ancient Town to access the river, and devices for purifying farmland sewage also make the river cleaner.

Cross-Section A-A' Revetment 1 (erosion resistance/high slopes)

1m

A'

Cut terrace with fill from above

0

5

10

15

20

Branch foundation Miles

Rooted vegetation Water level A'

A A

B-B' Revetment 2 (water accessibility/slow slopes) Average high water line

1m

B'

Rooted vegatation Live cuttings Water level

B

Agricultural Wastewater Purification

B'

B

13

Transect B: Plan

At Transect B, combined the subsurface wetland with a floating platform, so that the wetland can purify the water system while also providing landscape viewing value.

Cross-Section A-A' Ecological Fish Pond A

0

5

10

15

20

1m

Waterfall Spillway

Skimmer

Filtered water returned to pond

Miles

Bio Filter A'

Ckeck valve

A A'

Pipe would run around perimeter of pong in real world, not below

B-B' Retention Pond

1m

Brassica

Liriope spicata

B Drainage pipe Planting layer

B'

Geotextile

Ecological Fish Pond

B'

B

14

Transect C: Plan

At Transect C, a sedimentation tank is built on one side of the river, and a water-friendly road and wetland are combined on the other side of the river.

Cross-Section A-A' Surface Flow Wetland

1m

Emergent vegatation Slotted inlet pipe 0

5

10

15

20

Miles

Water level

flow

A

A'

Rooting media

B-B' Hyporheic Wetland

1m

Emergent vegatation B

A

A'

B'

B

Pretreated wastewater

Water level

Coarse media

B'

flow

Filter material

Distribution zone (coarse gravel)

Outlet structure

Final disposal (reuse)

Surface Flow Wetland

15

03 TWINKLING STARS From quarry to observatory

CONCEPT : A city in Fujian is affected by light pollution and the stars cannot be seen. However, there is a quarry in the city which is far away from light pollution and has been abandoned for a long time. The project aims to transform this abandoned quarry into a unique star observatory through topographical design.

Date: 2021.9~2022.1 Advisor: Xu Su Area: 5000 m² Site: Fujian, China Type: Academic, Individual Key Concern: Quarry Renovation, Topographical Design

16

Why We Need To Move The Observatory To The Quarry Due to light pollution, the old observation point is no longer in use, and there is an abandoned quarry 15 minutes' drive from the old observation point.

0.2

The quarry

All-sky Light Pollution Ratio (ALR): ALR<0.3 Lightest light pollution 0.3<ALR<2.0 Medium light pollution ALR>2.0 Heaviest light pollution

0.9

1.6

15 min's drive

2.1

The Old Observatory

Light Pollution 2.3

The railway The mountain

ALR

Illumination level contour 0

2

4

6

8 kilometers

Distribution of light pollution 17

Background Of The Quarry

How Natural Stone Is Quarried

Today’s quarries are generally classified as a type of mine used for extracting dimension stone (blocks of stone) for residential and commercial building purposes. Quarries can be found in almost every corner of the earth.Limestone, gypsum, granite, marble, sandstone and slate are just a few of the many quarried materials. This quarry produces mainly granite, and the blocks cut here are shipped all over the world.

1. Blasting 50m

A The stone blocks are separated from the quarry wall by precision controlled rock blasting.

2. Excavation 100m

The excavator digs out the large stones, and then the stones of different sizes are cut, ground, and polished in the next step.

A'

3. Cross-Cut Site How This Quarry Is Formed

318m

When the stone is cut against the vein, it is called a Cross-Cut, creating a more uniform look for the stone.

4. Routes 2. Excavation 1. Blasting

3. Stratified Mining

The block is lifted onto a truck for transportation to the next phase of the stones journey.

291m

A

4. Routes

A'

18

Strategy

1. The exploited quarry and steep quarry walls

2. Zigzag main road cut

3. Cutting down one part of big rocks and fill them in another part

r

te wa

4. Fill the cutted rocks in another part

5. Create stargazing spots based on star angles.

6. Cutting seats and rooms and making steps

19

Master Plan

Cygnus

Section A

Section A

Sagittarius

Draco

Section B

Section B

Leo Gemini Scorpioa

Section C

Polaris

Section C

0

10

20

30

40 Miles

Taurus 20

Stargazing Sequence polished stone

axe-hewn stone

A Starlight shining through cut stone

B The light revealed in the gaps between tall rocks

C Sitting on the steps and watching the stars

D Reflected light from polished stone

E Starlight reflection on the lake

F A starlight overhead in a dark hallway

21

Views Along The Path

Walking along the road in the mine, you can find that the space is sometimes open and sometimes closed, and you can see different starry sky patterns at different stargazing points.

22

04 FILTERATION Coral conservation plan near Stone Island

CONCEPT : The coral near Stone Island, located in the middle of Australia's Great Barrier Reef, has been bleached by the heat island effect and sediment from cities and salt pans.

This project aims to protect the coral through breakwater, sedimentation tank and an organic combination of tidal power generation and biorock.

Date: 2023.1~2023.3 Advisor:YaWei Zhang Area: 75 Hm² Site: Stone Island, Australia Type: Academic, Individual Key Concern: Coral protection; Tidal power; biorock technology

23

Great Barrier Reef Coral Status

How Corals Become Bleached

Effects Of Sea Water Temperature On Corals Coral Cover

healthy coral stressed coral bleached coral dead coral When the temperature of the earth rises, corals feel stressed and release a toxin that causes mass coral bleaching events, eventually killing the coral.

13°S

Sea Surface Temperature(Mar, 2020)

Northern Great Barrier Reef

Coral Cover

40

Cooktown

15°S

30 20 10 0

17°S

Cairns

Degree Heating Weeks (2020.1-2020.3)

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

2015

2020

2015

2020

2015

2020

Central Great Barrier Reef 40

Coral Cover

30

19°S

Townsville

10 0

Bowen

23°S

Bleaching alert area (Mar, 2020)

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

Southern Great Barrier Reef

21°S

Mackay

As global warming causes sea temperatures to rise, coral bleaching becomes more severe.

Australia's Great Barrier Reef, the world's largest and longest coral reef complex, is also in danger.

Already marine heatwaves have triggered four mass coral bleaching events on the Great Barrier Reef in just seven years, reducing shallow water coral reefs by as much as 50%.

142°E

144°E

146°E

40 30 Coral Cover

Coral Bleaching HotSpots

20

20 10

Rockhampton

148°E

150°E

0

152°E

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

Coral cover is declining across the Great Barrier Reef, with the worst declines occurring in the south.

24

Effects Of Sediments And Urban Heat Islands On Corals The Distribution Of Heat And Sediment

Related Urban Effects Urban Heat Islands And Sewage Hot wastewater discharged from cities is one of the causes of coral bleaching.

HEAT

Salt Pan

Salt pans caused large amounts of sediment flowing into the ocean.

Normal corals

Bleached corals Stone Island

Sediment Bleached Coral When corals suffer heat stress, they expel the microscopic algae that live inside their tissues, revealing their white skeletons. Bleached corals are not dead, but are more at risk of starvation and disease.

Stone Island Elevation Profiles 2.0

Elevation(mLAT)

Sea level Suitable zone for coral growth

1.0

Elevation dead Porities sp.

Elevation living Porities sp.

0 160

220

280 Distance seawards from shores(m)

340

400 25

Strategy 1. Block Hot Sewage From The City

Technical Details 2. Slow Down Water Speed

Tidal Generators Flow of electricity

3. Sedimentation

4. Place Tidal Generators

Transformer Box Flow of electricity

5. Plant Cooling

6. Place Biorocks

Coral Shelf Utilizing Biorock Technology Biorock Technology is a new technique for coral reef restoration. Coral larvae find these rocks and grow into coral polyps. Electrical currents in biorocks cause many positive changes in coral reef ecosystems, causing them to survive high temperatures and other stresses better.

26

Master Plan

1

The coral near Stone Island has been bleached by the heat island effect and sediment from cities and salt pans. This project aims to protect the coral through breakwater, sedimentation tank and an organic combination of tidal power generation and biorock.

2

Coral Growing Area Breakwater

Sedimentation Tank Tidal Generators 5 Native Plants

De-Layering Analysis

3 4

Coral Shelf

Tidal Generators

2

Breakwater

1

Planting Layer

3 Barrier Layer

4

0

150

300

450

5

600 Miles

27

Phasing Operation Design Coral Shelf

Tidal Generators

Principle

Development 0 Year

60cm 50cm

limestone wire

coral shelf with coral debris

Biorock

Biorock is a cement-like engineered material that when a small electric current is passed between underwater metal electrodes placed in seawater, it causes dissolved minerals to accumulate on the cathode.

1 Year

limestone is formed.

The corals are growing

Direction of the tides Transformer box Limestone

Coral debris

Pocket habitat

150cm

3 Years The limestone on the coral shelf grow and form a coral reef.

300cm

Breakwater

Sedimentation Pond

Tidal Generator

Transformer box

Coral Shelf 28

Coral Growth After Modification

1.View From Kayak

The coral shelf can support the coral and other creatures to form a good ecological cycle, and after a few years. the coral growth condition is even.

2. Coral Seen Underwater

2

1

29

Model

30

05. OTHER WORK Taking Measure Across the Rural Landscape In SHAXI—— Group of Riverscape Group Member: Shengyue Kuang, Xiu Guo Workshop Instructor: Hao Hu, Hongfei Ji

Location

Aerial Photography Of River In Shaxi Heritage Town

This is an S-shaped river called Heihui river, located in the west of the entire Shaxi Ancient Town. Although the river bank is still under construction, it still attracts many tourists today.

Research Information

Ortho Projection Plan

Contour Line

Dem

Heihui River originates from Baihanchang, Jiuhe Township, Lijiang County, and its main stream is 341.8 kilometers long.

Among them, the length of the river in Lijiang County is 23.8 kilometers, and that in Jianchuan County is 61.3 kilometers.

Along Heihui River, there are dense population, warm climate, moderate rainfall, abundant sunshine, fertile land and other superior natural conditions.Besides, the farms along the river have been the main production areas of grain and cash crops in Dali.

We have done some research on the shape of the revetment, the life of the residents along the river, and the water quality of the river with the help of UAV imaging technology.

Texture Model

Solid Model

Perspective

31