Vocal and Dance Forms of Latin American Music

Vocal and Dance

Forms of Latin American Music

Vocal and Dance Forms of Latin American

Cumbia Originating in Panama and Colombia, the cumbia became a popular African courtship dance with European and African instrumentation and characteristics. It contained varying rhythmic meters among the major locations -2/4 meter in Colombia: 2/4, 4/4 and 6/8 meters in Panama, and 2/2 meter in Mexico. Instruments used are the drums of African origin, such as the tabora (bass drum), claves fast paced tempos add to the rhythmic density. Vocal music was often deep- chested while instrumental music greatly relied on resonant drums and sympathetic buzzers to produce rich sounds and occasional loud volume levels to reflect their intensity.

Vocal Dance Forms of Latin American

Tango

The word tango may have been of African origin meaning "African dance" or from the Spanish word taner meaning "to play" (an instrument). It is a foremost Argentinian and Uruguayan urban popular song and dance that is related to the Cuban contradanza, habanera, and Cuban tango, and remains a 20th century nationalistic Argentinian piece of music that is most expressive. Its main development was in the slum areas of Buenos Aires, and eventually became fashionable in Parisian society in the early part of the 20th century, as well as in England and other parts of Western Europe.

Vocal and Dance Forms of Latin American

Cha-cha The cha cha is a ballroom dance the originated in Cuba in 1953, derived from the mambo and its characteristic rhythm of 2 crochets 3 quavers quaver rest, with a syncopation on the fourth beat. The cha cha may be danced with Cuban music, Latin Pop, or Latin Rock. The Cuban cha cha, considered more sensual that may contain polyrhythmic patterns, has a normal count of "two-three-chachacha and four and one, two, three".

Vocal Dance Forms of Latin American

Rumba The rumba popular recreational dance of Afro-Cuban origin, performed in a complex duple meter pattern and tresillo, which is a dotted quaver-dotted quaver -dotted semiquaver rhythm. It is normally used as a ballroom dance where a solo dancer or couple would be in an embrace though slightly apart, with the rocking of the hips to a fast-fast-slow sequence and often containing cross rhythms.

There is a repetitive melody with an ostinato pattern played by the maracas, claves, and other Cuban percussion instruments. It contains jazz elements that became a model for the cha cha, mambo, and other Latin American dances. It was also used for concert music, as it appeared in the Second Piano Concerto of the French composer Darius Milhaud.

Vocal Dance Forms of Latin American

Bossa Nova Bossa nova originated in 1958-59 as a movement effecting a radical change in the classic Cuban samba. The word bossa comes from the Brazilian capital of Rio de Janeiro, which means either "trend" or "something charming," integrating melody, harmony, and rhythm into a swaying feel, where the vocal style is often nasal. The nylonstringed classical guitar is the most important instrument of this style. Bossa nova contains themes centering on love, women, longing, nature, and youthfulness.

Bossa nova emerged in the 1950's when a slower, gentler version of the samba became popular with the upper and middle class sectors of society. It was music for easy and relaxed listening, conducive to romantic dates and quiet moments at the lounges.

Vocal and Dance Forms of Latin American

Reggae Reggae is an urban popular music and dance style that originated in Jamaica in the mid 1960's, It contained English text coupled with Creole expressions that were not so familiar to the non-Jamaican. It was a synthesis of Western American (Afro-American) popular music and the traditional AfroJamaican music, containing a western-style melodie-harmonic base with African sounds and characteristics, American pop and rock music mannerisms, and a preference for a loud volume in the bass, The best-known proponent of reggae music is Bob Marley, a Jamaican singer-songwriter. musician, and guitarist. He achieved international fame and acclaim for songs such as: One Love, Three Little Birds, No Woman, No Cry, Redemption Song, and Stir It Up.

Vocal and Dance Forms of Latin American

Foxtrot The foxtrot is a 20th century social dance that originated after 1910 in the USA. It was executed as a one step, two step and syncopated rhythmic pattern.

The tempo varied from 30 to 40 bars per minute and had a simple duple meter with regular 4-bar phrases.

There was no fixed step pattern, instead borrowing from other dance forms and having a simple forward backward sequence. The foxtrot gave rise to other dances such as the black bottom, Charleston, and shimmy.

Vocal and Dance Forms of Latin American

Paso Doble The paso doble (meaning "double step") is a theatrical Spanish dance used by the Spaniards in bullfights, where the music was played as the matador enters (paseo) and during passes just before the kill (faena).

The dance is arrogant and dignified with a duple meter, march-like character, where the dancer takes strong steps forward with the heels accompanied by artistic hand movements, foot stomping, sharp and quick movements, with the head and chest held high.

• Jazz • Popular Music

• Pop Music • Hip-hop and Rap

POPULAR MUSIC Popular music literally means "music of the populace," similar to traditional folk music of the past. As it developed in the 20th century, pop music (as it has come to be called)

generally consisted of music for entertainment of large numbers of people, whether on radio or in live performances. From the standard songs and ballads of the legendary Cole Porter, George Gershwin, and Frank Sinatra to the rock and roll craze of Elvis Presley and the Beatles and the present day idols in the Elvis Presley alternative music and disco modes, popular music is now shared by the entire world.

Pop Music Parallel with the disco era, other pop music superstars continued to emerge. Among them were Neil Sedaka (Laughter in the Rain), Diana Ross and the Supremes (Stop in the Name of Love), Olivia Newton John (Hopelessly Devoted to You), Stevie Wonder (You Are the Sunshine of My Life), Elton John (Skyline Pigeon), The Carpenters (We've Only Just Begun), and Barry Manilow (Mandy).

Pop superstars in more recent years include solor artists Celine Dion (My Heart Will Go On), Madonna (Material Girl), Whitney Houston (I Will Always Love You), Mariah Carey (Hero), Justin Timberlake (Justified), Britney Spears Diana Ross and the Supremes (Oops, I Did It Again), Beyonce (Irreplaceable), Lady Gaga (Bad Romance), and Bruno Mars Chust The Way You Are), as well as vocal groups such as Boyz II Men (Four Seasons of Loneliness), The Backstreet Boys (I Want It That Way), N'Sync (This I Promise You), Destiny's Child (Survivor), among many others.

Michael Jackson, "The King of Pop" Perhaps the most popular solo performer of all time is Michael Joseph Jackson who was born on August 29, 1958 and died on June 25, 2009. He was an American recording artist, entertainer, singersongwriter, record producer, musical arranger, dancer, choreographer, actor, businessman, and philanthropist.

The seventh child of the Jackson family, he made his debut as an entertainer in 1968 as a member of The Jackson 5.

He then began a solo career in 1971 while still a member of the group and was referred to as the "King of Pop" in subsequent years. Jackson's 1982 album Thriller remains the world's best-selling album of all time, and four of his other solo studio albums are among the world's best-selling records: Off the Wall (1979), Bad (1987), Dangerous (1991), and HIStory (1995).

In the early 1980s, he became a dominant figure in American popular music and culture. He was the first African American entertainer to amass a strong crossover following on MTV. The popularity of his music videos airing on MTV, such as Beat It, Billie Jean, and Thrillerwidely credited with transforming the music video from a promotional tool into an art form helped bring the relatively new channel to fame.

Videos such as Black or White and Scream made Jackson an enduring staple on MTV in the 1990s.

Michael Jackson, "The King of Pop" With stage performances and music videos, Jackson popularized a number of physically complicated dance techniques, such as the "robor" and the "moonwalk." His distinctive musical sound and vocal style influenced many hip hop, pop music, and contemporary R&B artists across several generations world-wide. Jackson donated and raised millions of dollars for beneficial causes through his "Heal the World Foundation," charity singles, and support of 39 charities.

One of the few artists to have been inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame twice, his other achievements include "Multiple Guinness World Records" including one for "Most Successful Entertainer of All Time"-13 Grammy Awards, 13 number one singles in his solo career, and the sale of 750 million records worldwide. Jackson is one of the world's most famous artists because of his highly successful career which made him a part of popular culture for nearly four decades.

At the time of his death, Jackson was preparing for "This Is It," a series of 50 concerts that would have been held at The O2 arena in London beginning July 13, 2009, and a world tour to follow after the series of concerts. After Michael Jackson's death, Billboard's entire top nine positions on Billboard's Top Pop Catalog Albums chart housed Jackson- related titles on July 1, 2009.

Pop Music Today's Pop Music Idols As the 21st century continues to unfold, more and more pop groups emerge spanning an entire range of musical styles and genres. There are music groups like Black Eyed Peas, K Pop (Korean), My Chemical Romance, Fall Out Boys, The Red Jumpsuit Apparatus, Souja Boy, Train, Maroon 5, and One Direction.

While solo performers include Adele, Taylor Swift, Ed Sheeran, Rihanna, Chris Brown, Ariana Grande, Justin Beiber, Miley Cyrus, Katy Perry, Nikki Minaj, Selena Gomez, and others

Hip-hop and Rap Hip hop music is a stylized, highly rhythmic type of music that usually (but not always) includes portions of rhytmically chanted words called "rap." In rapping, the artist speaks along with an instrumental or synthesized beat. Hip hop arose in the 1970s within the AfroAmerican and Latino youth in the Bronx area of New York City.

But by the 1980s, it had spread to many other countries. It has since evolved into a subculture that encompasses music (rapping, DJing, seratching. and beatboxing); a nearly acrobatic style of dancing. called break dancing, a distinct manner of dress; and graffiti-style artwork.

Hip-hop and Rap

Among the early hip hop artists were LL Cool J and Run-D.M.C. While more recent popular names in this genre have been Beastie Boys, Eminem, and Kanye West

•Pair # 13 Members: • Shaira Mauricio • Emila Paracale