Auf unseren JUNIOR II können wir uns zu 100 Prozent verlassen.
Uli Kunz (links) und Dr. Florian Huber Forschungstaucher der Kieler Firma Submaris ▸ submaris.com
Something is moving
The past few weeks have been eventful. InterDive in Friedrichshafen provided an initial outlook for the coming year. Where are we heading - with the diving industry and the next diving holiday? The trend remains as diverse as it is confusing. One development appears to be continuing in 2026: Egypt and diving safaris on the Red Sea continue to suffer from low demand, while Asia and luxury destinations are in demand. So don't wait too long to book if you are planning a long-haul trip in 2026. In the travel market, non-diving activities are increasingly complementing classic diving holidays. This also applies to our reader trips planned especially for you. This is a welcome trend that also takes into account the interests of non-divers in the family. And what are the associations doing? According to several people in charge, they have now taken up the cause of urgently needed rejuvenation in order to get you, dear holiday divers, more involved in Germany. I am curious to see whether and how this will bear fruit. In keeping with this, a panel discussion took place at the trade fair - you can watch it on our YouTube channel. A lot is also happening with manufacturers. I noticed the new Mares app for the Apple Watch on YouTube. Exciting: Mares is now trying what Oceanic once tried with moderate success. We are excited. No further information was available at the time of going to press. in
general, there is currently no getting round Mares or the Head Group. With the "incorporation" of Aqualung and Apeks, one of the largest mergers in the history of diving took place almost unnoticed. For the first time, they appeared under one roof at InterDive. It remains exciting to see how this will develop. Cressi is also preparing for the company's anniversary and is announcing some real innovations. It's worth taking a closer look. Huawei has recently rediscovered its interest in diving. With the Ultimate 2 smartwatch, divers can communicate underwater via sonar for the first time. We were there for the first test. More on this in an upcoming issue and on our digital channels.
And now please turn the page! And, as always, a serious appeal: What do you want to read? What can we do for you?
Alexander Kaßler Editor-in-Chief TAUCHEN alexander.kassler@tauchen.de
Panel discussion at InterDive 2025: Representatives from TAUCHEN, VDST/WLT, VTM and SSI engaged in a lively discussion about the future of diving.
Photos: Tobias Friedrich (2); Wolfgan Pölzer (1); Gerald Nowak (1); Alexander Kaßler (1);
MAGAZINE
TRAVEL
Oman: Safari off the Daymaniat Islands
Advertorial: Curaçao/Caribbean
Philippines: Coron
Advertorial: Central America & Caribbean
Egypt: Diving safari for families
TECHNOLOGY
News from the equipment market
In test: Mares dive computer "Sirius L"
In the test: AOI housing & flash
overview: Heating systems
EXPERTS
News from science & research
Focus: All about orcas
Apnoea: habits and resolutions
Consultation: Diving with COPD
How to recognise slugs: slugs and snails
FOCUS
RUBRICS
Cover °12.25
The cover picture shows a jumping female orca (Orcinus orca) in the PacificOcean off the coast of Vancouver Island in British Columbia/Canada. Taken by the team of Wirestock Creators/ Shutterstock.
CONTACT & MORE
DIVING EDITORIAL TEAM
YEAR Artopé Media GmbH & Co. KG Bajuwarenring 9, 82041 Oberhaching Tel. 089/5 52 41-0, Fax 089/5 52 41-244 E-mail: redaktion@tauchen.de
DISPLAY
089/5 52 41-225
Email: sales@tauchen.de
DIVING SUBSCRIPTION + ADDRESS CHANGES
Tel. 040/5555 7991, email: jam@dpv.de DIGITAL DIVING www.tauchen.de/epaper
on all channels
Did you know that TAUCHEN is also available in the digital world? This includes our social media channels Facebook and Instagram as well as our website and our YouTube channel. And on our podcast channel there is „something to listen to“. Just drop by and listen. Just follow the links below. Do you want to read TAUCHEN digitally? Then download our TAUCHEN app for iOS and Android onto your end device. We look forward to hearing from you.
... can lead to a lot. In the case of underwater photographer Alex Dawson, even a professional career. Here are some of his most impressive pictures.
THE PHOTOGRAPHER ALEX DAWSON
Alex's passion for diving goes back three decades. When he took his first breaths underwater at the age of 19, he immediately fell in love with the sport, becoming a divemaster and eventually a military diver in the Swedish Marines. During this time, Alex bought his first underwater camera and housing and began experimenting with photography. After the military, he worked as a divemaster and guide on a liveaboard in the Red Sea. His passion for the underwater world and photography grew and took him to Sudan, the Canary Islands and back to his native Sweden. Since then, he has had the honour of taking pictures for various tourism organisations. "My photography style is aimed at opening a window into this unknown world for non-divers. I always want to create a 'I'd like to be there now' feeling with my shots. I hope that my wide-angle shots of underwater landscapes and my ability to capture divers in the moment will inspire a new generation of divers and underwater photographers."
Further information: www.alex-dawson.com
Learn, understand, experience: snorkelling & diving with dolphins.
DO YOU FIND DOLPHINS JUST AS FASCINATING AS WE DO? THEN JOIN US ON THE TAUCHEN READER TRIP "LET'S CARE FOR DOLPHINS".
This week,wewant to devote ourselves entirely to dolphins in order to understand them better and make our interactions with them in and under water as sustainable as possible in future. For this tour, we were able to bring marine biologist Angela Ziltener on board. Angela lives most of the year in Egypt and has been involved in dolphin protection and conservation for many years. She founded the organisation Dolphin Watch Alliance (DWA) to facilitate projects in the areas of research, protection and education to improve wildlife tourism. over the years, the DWA has achieved success by establishing protection zones for dolphins and enforcing a code of conduct for tourism in the Red Sea. The DWA works tirelessly to educate tourists, boat crews and tour operators. As part of her research and work in and around the Red Sea, Angela has identified350 dolphins in Hurghada and El Gouna over the years and therefore knows them "personally". During the tour, she gives us an insight into the behaviour of these popular sea creatures, gives recommendations on how to behave when snorkelling and diving and takes us to the still relatively unknown "playgrounds" of the marine mammals around Hurghada and El Gouna.
In this sense, our special tour is not a classic diving safari where the focus is on diving, but rather a combination of diving and snorkelling. If dolphins are spotted, we will decide whether to dive or snorkel based on the behaviour of the animals. We cannot guarantee diving or snorkelling with dolphins. We would like to support the great work of Angela Ziltener and the Dolphin Watch Alliance and contribute to the protection of these mammals. If you would like to findout more about Angela Ziltener and her Dolphin Watch Alliance, you can findmore information via the following link: https:// www.dolphinwatchalliance.org/de/
Travelling expenses
The diving trip takes place on the diving ship M/Y Independence III and starts on 9 July 2026 in Hurghada , where it also ends on 16 July 2026 . The entire trip lasts eight days, including arrival and departure days, six of which are diving days. The price per person is 1349 euros.
The price includes the following inclusive services: a travel price insurance certificte, accommodation in a half double cabin (standard), full board on board including tea, instant coffee, water and soft drinks, Nitrox, two to three dives per day, a 12-litre aluminium tank and weights, the ENOS safety system and support from a German-speaking guide.
Obligatory services not included in the price are permit fees of 235 euros, a visa including meet & assist service (currently 30 euros), local transfers between Hurghada Airport (HRG) and Hurghada harbour (10 euros each way) and the flight, which can be booked on request at a daily rate.
In addition, optional chargeable services can be utilised. These include alcoholic drinks on board, for example 0.5 litres of beer for 3.50 euros, as well as various scuba tanks (15 litres or 12 litres of steel, alternatively 15 litres of aluminium) for 30 euros per tour. In addition, a voluntary tip for the crew of around 75 euros is recommended.
You want to be part of it? Then send us a non-binding enquiry to redaktion@ tauchen.de - with the keyword "dolphin safari"
FULL OF ACTION
In our series of introductions today, we take a look at one of the largest retail organisations in the Germanspeaking world: the Action Sport Group. What it is and how it all began.
ActionSport was founded in 1989 by Werner Schwarz in Hersbruck as a small diving shop and has developed into Europe's largest specialist diving retail organisation since 1990. With over 60 affiliated specialist shops in Germany and Austria and a market share of around 15 per cent in product sales, Action Sport is the No. 1 in Germanspeaking countries. Thanks to the size of the organisation, the partner shops can offer a wider range of products and better prices than a single shop. Action Sport works with all the well-known manufacturers in the industry. Divers can find everything they need in the specialised shops,
from diving training, equipment and technical products to offers for diving and group trips.
Action Sport supports its partners technologically with its own merchandise management and CMS system, specially customised for diving. the travel division was founded in 2001 and is now one of the leading providers of diving holidays. Exclusive partnerships exist worldwide, giving customers access to special products and prices. A special highlight are the Divers Days, which take place twice a year in Soma Bay, Egypt, with exclusive themed events. Once a year, all partners meet at in Kleedorf, Franconia, for the annual conference, whe-
re strategies and innovations for the following year are presented.
Company history
The story begins in 1989 with Werner Schwarz and Thomas Kroker, who initially planned supervised ski holidays under the label "Top Tours". However, success failed to materialise. the turning point came in 1990: at a PR event, the team met a paragliding shop owner and took over his shop in Nuremberg - Action Sport was born. Snowboarding was soon added as a second winter sport.
In 1991 , a diving instructor from Fürth came up with the idea for the co-operation. Werner Schwarz completed the diving instructor training himself and opened a second location in Hersbruck - diving became the core competence at Action Sport.
1992-1995: The franchise idea took off. With the first partner Dirk Hartmann
Photos: Werner Schwarz, Action Sport Group
in Senftenberg, the network grew rapidly to 25 partners. Schwarz focussed on diving, Kroker on winter sports and aviation. in 1993, Nuremberg and Hersbruck were merged to form one of the largest German speciality shops. in 1997, the franchise association honoured Action Sport as one of the top 20 service companies.
1996-2002: Start of international expansion with the first diving centres in Cuba, later also in Egypt. in 2001, the travel division Action Sport Tauchreisen was founded - today a mainstay with exclusive offers worldwide.
2003-2010: Multiple relocations, 2009 return to Hersbruck. Development of modern systems for merchandise management and CMS. Action Sport became the European market leader in diving.
2010-2020: Expansion to become the largest specialist retail organisation with a 15 percent market share. Introduction of new tourism modules for group and individual bookings, combination of diving services and classic holidays.
2020-2023: The coronavirus pandemic almost brought the industry to a standstill. Action Sport used the time for new strategies and successfully relaunched with a social media offensive.
TODAY: Action Sport is the largest and best-selling diving organisation in the German-speaking world. The group stands for passion, innovation and partnershipin line with Werner Schwarz's vision: to bring the fascination of the underwater world to life.
www.action-sport.de
Would you like to introduce yourself to , are you an association, club or diving club? Then write to: alexander.kassler@ tauchen.de
Group trips, diving instructor training and special offers for diving equipment: these were the pillars on which the Action Sport Group stood and still stands today. "Silent witnesses" to the development are flyers and adverts from days gone by. Today, the group is going the "digital way".
the Action Sport Group was founded in 1992 with the franchise idea of Werner Schwarz (bottom left). Today, it is the largest diving organisation in the German-speaking world.
Info: Divers Days 2026
Group holidays: overview
TRADE FAIR AT THE END OF THE SEASON
Review of the 13th InterDive on Lake Constance.
Agood trade fair, great discussions, lots of visitors and satisfied exhibitors," is how trade fair organiser Walter Harscher sees the events at and around his Interdive 2025, which took place in Friedrichshafen at the end of September. We agree, with a few reservations. The weather, for example, was the biggest competitor on the Sunday of the trade fair, luring visitors outside instead of into Hall B5, where more exhibitors than last year were once again "on show". We were also there again and would like to thank you, dear readers, new and old subscribers, friends
and acquaintances - it's great that you visit us year after year. And what was new? In fact, the equipment manufacturers were rather restrained when it came to presenting new products. On the one hand, this is normal, as these are traditionally presented and marketed in the coming months. On the other hand, they have enough to do with the current market conditions. The year 2025 will go down in the business
books as a weak year rather than a super year. However, this is a fact that goes beyond the diving industry and affects everyone. The supporting programme on the hall stage also struck a chord with visitors. The stage seats were taken and the variety of topics was huge. Highlights such as auctions and panel discussions offered interesting insights. For example, into the life of actor, documentary filmmaker and environmentalist Hannes Jaenicke. He was also one of the winners of the OceanHeroes Award, presented for the second time by Sharkproject founder Gerhard Wegner's organisation of the same name.
Photos: Ben Schulze, Alexander Kassler
Honours, discussions and lots to discover: the 13th InterDive in Friedrichshafen.
Good mix
As in previous years, a pleasing mix of exhibitors could be seen walking through the rows. Not only the main players from the manufacturer scene and the major retailers, but also a colourful portfolio of tour operators and representatives of individual destinations took advantage of the smaller stage that InterDive has offered for years compared to the boot trade fair in Düsseldorf. The picture was harmonious, the range of products was broad and the admission price was justified by the combined ticket with Interboot. Whether and what was realised in detail
in the end, and whether it was worthwhile for every exhibitor, is impossible to say exactly. A certain reluctance to buy and scepticism, due to the current global political and economic situation, was noticeable despite the positive mood. However, in a very un-German way, we would like to say at this point that everything is good and will get even better. We are already looking forward to the 14th InterDive in September 2026. You can find more information, pictures, videos and recordings of the panel discussion on our YouTube and social media channels.
Honoured and interviewed: Actor Hannes Jaenicke in conversation with TAUCHEN.
Paneldiscussion Hannes JaenickeInterview
TRAVEL
DIRECT FLIGHTS & DREAM REEFS IN DAHAB
From November, there will again be direct flights to Sharm el-Sheikh from Berlin, Hanover, Düsseldorf, Frankfurt and Nuremberg. The Belugareisen team has already visited the partner base Blue Ocean Dive Dahab, where Nicki and Tom have been running the family-run base in the Sheikh Ali Hotel with experience and passion since 2012. Dahab is home to legendary spots such as Blue Hole, Canyon, the Islands and Lighthouse Reef, some of the most intact coral reefs in the Red Sea. Beginners will also findideal conditions here. Away from the water, authentic activities and excursions far from the crowds await. www.belugareisen.de
NEWS FROM TRAUN RIVER DIVING
Extensive construction work has been underway at the Traunfall power plant since August, which means that diving and snorkelling in the Siebenbrunn area is prohibited until April 2028. Nevertheless, the offer remains attractive for river divers: the popular "5000 Fish Tour" can still be carried out without restrictions, while an alternative tour is available for the "Scubing Tour 1". In addition, a new replacement area has been opened up above the construction site, which is ideal for river dives. The route offers exciting new impressions as a drift dive. Despite the loss of the sunbathing lawn and the previous diving area, the operators Franky and Franz invite all those interested to discover the new area together. The tried-and-tested one- and two-day packages are also still available at www.flusstauchen.at
Philippines special trip for TAUCHEN readers 2026
Together with the Magic Oceans Resort, TAUCHEN invites you to an exclusive readers' trip to Bohol from 29 July to 8 August 2026. In addition to ten dives on the famous house reef and spectacular boat trips, participants can look forward to special highlights: a chocolate tour, a Filipino cookery course and a sightseeing tour including the Tarsier sanctuary, Loboc River and Chocolate Hills. The idyllic resort with pool, restaurant and comfortable cottages offers the best conditions for divers, families and those seeking peace and quiet. Prices: 1965 euros for divers, 1785 euros for non-divers, children from 350 euros. Flights from 1100 euros. Minimum number of participants: 16.
Info & booking: redaktion@tauchen.de, keyword "MagicOceans". More information about the trip at: https://tinyurl.com/ PhilippinenTAUCHEN
WITH YOUR DIVING LICENCE TO BOOT FOR FREE
Have you completed your diving licence in 2025? Then a special highlight awaits you: Visit the boot trade fair Düsseldorf 2026 free of charge and discover the fascinating world of diving in all its facets! You also have the opportunity to book a free guided dive in the four-metre deep diving tower in Hall 12. How do I get a free ticket?
The following groups of people are entitled to the free ticket for boot 2026: Holders of a licence issued in the calendar year 2025:
- 1-star diver
- Open Water Diver (OWD)
- Freediver (1 star)
Register online in the boot ticket shop and show your brevet at the ticket offie during boot 2026 (17 to 25 January 2026).
Info & Registration
DRIVE & DIVE ON CURAÇAO & BONAIREFLEXIBLE DIVING, COMFORTABLE TRAVELLING
Experience the Caribbean combo offer with Aqua Active Agency: 14 nights at two dream destinations - flexible diving holidays on Bonaire at the Buddy Dive Resort and on Curaçao in the All West Apartments, including rental car and unlimited shore diving. Both islands offer over 60 marked spots directly from the shorewith top infrastructure and clear visibility. Simply put your equipment in the car, head for the spot, dive in and enjoy. Afterwards, beach bars or quiet bays tempt you to relax. An ideal combination: a short flight connects the islands and you can experience two Caribbean diving paradises in one trip. Aqua Active Agency organises everything including transfers, rental cars, studios and six-day unlimited air diving packages per island. Scan the QR code to access the offer at www.aquaactive.de Start your Drive & Dive adventure now!
SPECIAL TOUR - SAVE THE SHARKS
Sharks, we love them: beautiful, elegant and impressive and important and worthy of protection for our ecosystem. Only together can we contribute to the conservation of this species. That's why Bluewater Safaris would like to support the valuable work of Sharkproject Germany. We are accompanied by a guest speaker from Sharkproject Germany on selected diving safaris in the Red Sea. In addition to great underwater encounters, information about the different shark species, their behaviour and habitat as well as the possibilities for protection will be provided. Participation in the lectures is free of charge and not compulsory. The special tour "Save the Sharks" will take place on the following tours: 18 June to 25 June 2026 on the Independence 2 and 29 October to 5 November 2026 on the Independence 3. www.bluewater-safaris.com
IN SHORT
We are looking to strengthen our sales team: We are looking for a tourism clerk (m/f/d) with experience in a travel agency or with tour operators - ideally with a passion for diving. The tasks include the organisation and processing of individual travel packages, customer support from the offer to the implementation as well as communication with international partners and agencies. Knowledge of Amadeus, TOMA and Bistro is just as important as a confidentuse of MS Offie and a very good command of German and English. Wirodive offers a permanent full-time or part-time position, flexible working hours, modern workplaces and numerous employeebenefits - from attractive travel offers to corporate benefitspartners. Please send your application with salary expectations and starting date to Denise Wilpernig: denise.wilpernig@wirodive.de
Special trip: Palau - Full Moon Spawning 2026: In November 2026, you will experience a spectacular natural spectacle with Wirodive on board the S/Y "Palau Siren": the "Full Moon Snapper Spawning" attracts sharks and other large predators. Palau's legendary drop-offs, wrecks and coral gardens also await - all on an exclusive Wiro special trip. Tour price: from 5490 euros (plus flight and extra costs) . www.wirodive.de
BEGLEITETE GRUPPENREISE Rundreise & Tauchsafari Oman Explorer
15. - 28.11.2026
ab/bis Muscat –inklusive Rundreise & Tauchsafari
ab 3.085 € pro Person
Highlights:
• Muscat mit Moschee, Souq & Palast
• Nizwa, Jabreen & UNESCO-Fort Bahla
• Wüste Wahiba Sands & Wadi Bani Khalid
• Schildkröten in Ras al Hadd
• Tauchen an den schönsten Spots
SPECIAL RCF-VOLLCHARTER OMAN EXPLORER Tauchsafari im Sultanat Oman
26.09. - 03.10.2026 ab/ bis Sifah
ab 1.150 € pro Person (zzgl. lokale Gebühren)
Wir haben das Safarischiff Oman Explorer exklusiv für euch gechartert.
Das heißt: Tauchen unter Gleichgesinnten, in entspannter Atmosphäre mit anderen deutschsprachigen Gästen.
We have heard a lot about diving in Oman. The variety of experience reports corresponds to the variety under water: enormous. And what did we experience on our trip with the M/Y Oman Explorer?
T & F Alexander Kassler
It'sstilltoo hot to sweat. Cooling off comes in the form of the air-conditioned transfer taxi from the Shangri-La Hotel (TAUCHEN 10/25 travel report) to the Oman Explorer, which is about 1.5 hours' drive south, in the harbour of Sifah. Once there, it is even hotter. 48 degrees in the shade. The diving gear is stowed away for the time being. Quickly off into the cool belly of the ship. My first impression: Egypt 20 years ago. This boat design - cabins with walk-in showers, a large saloon that functions as a lounge and dining area - looks familiar. The dive deck is large enough, with an upper deck with seating in the shade and another upper deck with sunbathing areas and a helm station for the captain. Even before I take my first step on board, memories
from the distant past pop into my head - everything seems so familiar. It was a great time back then, when diving had little luxury to offer but a hell of a lot of charm - the spirit of discovery from back then comes back to me. When Brother Island and Daedalus were still mystical diving spots for me. And this feeling is not so wrong. After all, this is my first time in Oman and I've only seen the spots around Qantab. And in the end, it turns out that the boat was originally built in Egypt. The captain can't remember how many years ago. So I decide to feel completely at home on this boat. If I were to promise luxury equipment at this point, it would be a lie. Functional, clean and well maintained - that much can be said after a tour on board. (You can watch the video on our YouTube channel). After
Soft corals in the wreck (below), hard coral gardens as far as the eye can see: the coral populations are still intact and, above all, healthy.
all the guests have boarded a few hours later, there is the obligatory safety briefing and tour. It's not so easy to keep the attention level up with such a mixed group. This will become apparent more often over the next few days under water. The first evening ends quickly and quietly. For many, the heat and the stress of travelling are ideal bedtime snacks. Even the noise of the running generator and air conditioning doesn't bother them. And if the air conditioning is too loud for you, you can simply switch it off and leave the door open - my solution for the next few nights as an under-deck cabin dweller right next to the engine compartment. Our journey north starts just in time for sunrise. The sea is as smooth as glass and the Oman Explorer glides leisurely northwards through the Gulf of Oman. Now is a good time to assemble the equipment with a coffee on the side. Of course, we had already checked that everything was complete the evening before - everything was there. And so more and more of the 22 guests on board are working on their equipment before the first check dive. We are ready to go.
You have to be lucky!
Oman is perhaps one of the most unrecognised diving destinations. That's a good thing! You still have the diving spots to yourself at the moment.
At this point, I would like to summarise the diving experience: The 21 guests and I were in the right place at the right time. By that
I don't mean so much what the encounters with the inhabitants of the underwater world had to do with, but rather that the weather and the moon together ensured that we had visibility that made even the experienced guides come out of the water in amazement. The waters around Oman "can also be different". In the end, two out of 14 dives were a little "murky and green". And it is precisely this "cloudy and green" that provides this enormous variety of soft and hard corals, cephalopods, schooling fish, moray eels, sea snakes and especially turtles. The further we move away from the mainland, which is usually visible at night, the greater the variety. This culminates directly at the Daymaniyat Islands, where you literally swim in a soup of turtles. In fact, it is impossible to count the number of green turtles in the breeding area. Hundreds of animals frolic in the shallows here and you only have to wait a short while to be eyed curiously. Shallow water is a good keyword. The demands on diving skills and abilities can be categorised as "barely present" throughout the week. The maximum depth was around 27 metres. Current - not once did it make itself felt. And the dive site structures were not among the most "difficult" either. I hadn't recorded such relaxed dives, which in most cases were not limited by the remaining air in the tank but by the maximum dive time of
Nudibranchs of all kinds, sea snakes, cephalopods, rays and sharks - divers' hearts beat faster in many places in the waters of Oman.
TRAVEL ° OMAN
60 minutes, in my logbook for a long time. There were highlights at every spot. What was missing and drove some guests to stare at the sea for a long time was the encounter with whale sharks. The guides and captain confirmed that they should actually be close by now. And so you ponder for yourself which you prefer, the whale shark in the green plankton soup or optimal visibility that presents the entire diversity of the Omani Gulf. It doesn't matter in the end, you have to take what you get. And if, as in our case, the visibility is exceptionally good, then so be it.
What remains in the end
And so the week flies by. The morning humming of the coffee machine before the first briefing. The translation jokes with our Russian fellow travellers. The benevolent moans under water when optimal visibility and extraordinary diversity meet. The discussions about buddy teams that work well or badly - although you have to deliberately hide so that you can get lost. The good food on board se-
veral times a day, always served attentively. The goodnight sip on the upper deck at sunset. Falling asleep exhausted to the beat of the humming air conditioning. The rapidly passing days with the same routine but ever-changing impressions - exactly what you expect from a diving safari and what you get here. The interplay between the functioning routine on board, the variety on offer underwater and the easy diving is one of the reasons why you come across repeaters on almost every tour on the Oman Explorer. I have definitely not seen the ship and the waters of Oman for the last time. In fact, the Egyptian Red Sea and Oman have to share first place on my list of personal diving recommendations. Even though visibility can be limited here at the eastern tip of the Arabian Peninsula, the diversity of life here is even more colourful. Despite all the enthusiasm, I still have to end my "fan report" with something negative. Unfortunately, set nets and cage nets are also part of what you come across. Even in places where they are not officially permitted.
Enough of everything & good luck: schooling fish, macro subjects and wide-angle perspectives presented themselves in perfect conditions.
LIVEABOARD WITH THE OMAN EXPLORER
The Oman Explorer, managed by Extra Divers, is the best-known liveaboard in Oman and usually departs from the harbour of Sifah near Muscat (northern routes) or seasonally from Mirbat near Salalah (southern routes). The traditional steel ship offers space for 22 guests in 11 air-conditioned double cabins, each with its own bathroom and shower. A spacious saloon, shaded upper deck and sun deck ensure relaxing breaks between dives. The functional dive deck has a sink, camera racks and nitrox (at an extra charge). Up to three to four dives per day, including night dives, are on the programme.
The Oman Explorer sails in two main areas: Daymaniyat Islands (northern route): Visibility up to 30 metres, huge turtle colonies, big fish, intact reefs. Hallaniyat Islands (southern route): Wild, with wreck classics, big fish, dolphins and seasonal humpback whales. Calm conditions, maximum depths of around 30 metres and uncomplicated Zodiac access make the tour attractive even for less experienced divers.
Price example:
Reisecenter Federsee group tour: 14 days from approx. 3,085 euros for combination land programme + safari
For a pure 7-night diving safari + transfers etc. in the package price at approx. 2,300 to 2,700 euros (depending on cabin category, flight costs, season); flight costs (e.g. Germany → Muscat → return) approx. 450 - 900 euros depending on time of booking
Info & booking: rcf-tauchreisen.de & extradivers-worldwide.com
Reisezeitraum: 15.November – 26. Dezember 2025
Wenn Sie ein Drive & Dive-Paket während des speziellen Reisezeitraums buchen, taucht der zweite Taucher KOSTENLOS!
Reisen Sie als Gruppe? Dann genießen Sie das 8=7-Angebot! Verpassen Sie nicht dieses unglaubliche Angebot – buchen Sie jetzt, bevor es vorbei ist!
As Sifah
Dimaniyat Islands
Gulf of Oman
Curaçao: From the garden into the Caribbean Sea
SUN REEF VILLAGE ON SEA & CURAÇAO DIVERS - small, intimate and right by the sea.
Tbedrooms. Most of them are located directly by the sea. From the private garden you can go straight into the water to swim or dive on the beautiful house reef. The garden bungalows have access to a communal seating area by the sea with sun loungers and tables. Ideal for enjoying the sunset together or chatting about the best hobby
in the world. Each bungalow has a fully equipped kitchen and its own barbecue, so you can cook your own meals or enjoy a relaxed barbecue after a day of diving.
Diving and snorkelling with the Curaçao Divers
he "Sun Reef Village on Sea" is located directly on the Caribbean Sea, on the edge of the village of Sint Michiel. The resort is small and particularly tastefully designed. Here you can stay in Caribbeanstyle bungalows and holiday homes - the offer ranges from cosy studios to spacious bungalows and holiday homes with several >
The biggest advantage of Sun Reef? The
Photos: Michael Duss, Curaçao Divers, Sun Reef Resort
Curaçao is one of the most popular diving islands in the Caribbean. Many dive centres offer their services here. Among them is Curaçao Divers.
FURTHER INFORMATION: www.curacao.com/de
Visit Sun Reef at the boot trade fair in Düsseldorf from 17 to 25 January 2026 in Hall 12, Stand J32.
house reef is right in front of your bungalow. You can be in the water with your equipment in just a few steps. Together with Curaçao Divers, whose diving centre is located directly in the resort, you have 24/7 access to diving tanks and the sea. This allows you to set your own diving paceearly in the morning, during your lunch break or at sunset. No fixed schedules or waiting times: You dive whenever you want.
On Curaçao, the reefs are located close to the coast, which is why shore dives are common here - from the comfort of the beach or directly from the garden into the water. Most guests opt for so-called non-limit diving: hire tanks and weights, bring your own equipment and dive independently as often and whenever you like. This feeling of freedom is particularly appreciated. Accompanied dives are of course also possible, and we also hire out diving equipment. Snorkellers also get their money's worth here, as the house reef is rich in corals and colourful fish. The beach in Boca Sami is also perfect for snorkelling with turtles.
Kokomo Beach is also just five minutes away - an idyllic little bay that is considered one of the most beautiful snorkelling spots on the island.
Enjoy togetherand still have privacy
Whether you are travelling with a diving club, a group of friends or the family:
Photos: Michael Duss, Curaçao Divers, Sun Reef Resort
ARRIVAL: TUI, KLM and other airlines from Amsterdam. Connecting flights are available from all major airports in Germany, Austria and Switzerland. The flight time from Amsterdam is around nine hours.
TRAVEL INFORMATION: SUN REEF VILLAGE ON SEA
Not just a tempting view of the sea from the terrace: Here you can actually dive or snorkel into the Caribbean Sea directly from your bungalow.
Sun Reef offers the ideal combination of privacy and socialising. Everyone has their own bungalow with peace and comfort, and yet you experience the holiday together. Dive or explore the island during the day and meet up again in the evening for a barbecue or to share the day's experiences. This is how you combine freedom with the pleasure of being together.
More than divingDiscover Curaçao
Curaçao has much more to offer than just an impressive underwater world. From Sun Reef, you can quickly reach Willemstad with its colourful shopping district, cosy restaurants and museums. By car, you can discover the wild nature of Christoffelpark, the unspoilt bays of Westpunt and the famous beaches such as Cas Abao and Grote Knip. You can also kayak through the mangroves, take a boat trip to Klein Curaçao or simply relax on one of the many beaches in the area.
Central location and facilities
Within walking distance of Sun Reef you will find two restaurants right by the sea and a small mini-market. For larger purchases, the "Centrum Supermarket" is only six minutes away by car. With a hire car - available directly at the resort - you can easily explore the whole island. Sun Reef is also very centrally located: just 15 minutes from the airport and Willemstad, and 35 minutes from the beaches of Westpunt.
Advertorial
&MORE CORON WRECKS
T & F Wolfgang Pölzer
The Philippine wreck diving mecca of Coron also attracts visitors with intact reefs, a mysterious lake and a showcase conservation area for dugongs.
The two world wars can undoubtedly boast far more significant and bloodier battles than the American air strike against the Japanese occupying forces on 24 September 1944. The weakened but combat-ready Japanese wanted to hide their supply fleet of weakly armed cargo ships and tankers in the deeply indented bay of Coron. But a single daring manoeuvre by the US Navy was enough to sink almost the entire fleet within a few minutes. The squadron of 120 fighter planes and dive bombers would not have had any more time to return to the distant aircraft carriers.
Back then a small hit - today a great treasure for divers. Eleven wrecks, some over 100 metres long, lie at easily accessible depths of often less than 30 metres, are fantastically overgrown and can be dived in a variety of ways and without danger.
Ship cemetery
An hour's flight south of Manila, we land on the island of Busuanga. Coron is the name of both the capital and the island off the coast. On the outskirts of the city of 30,000 inhabitants, we meet Eric Zürcher, who has been running the Easy Diving centre in the city's best hotel for five years - cosy, with its own jetty and modern speedboats.
The following morning, we pass green slopes, rugged karst formations and sandy bays through a labyrinth of islands. It's just the two of us on board, dive guide Kevin and boat captain Jesus. After more than an hour's journey, only a few small islets separate us from the South China Sea and the unobstructed view towards Vietnam.
After the briefing, we dive into the pleasantly warm water on a buoy rope. Soon a huge shadow emerges - the stern of the Okikawa Maru, at 160 metres the largest wreck in the area. Touchdown on the upper deck at a depth of just 15 metres. Surrounded by fusiliers, snappers and damselfish, we follow Kevin through a black hole in the ship's belly. The current disappears and visibility doubles.
We paddle through long corridors, huge halls, staircases and branches, deep into the bowels of the former oil tanker. Mystical atmosphere between pitch-black areas and diffuse twilight. Kevin shows us the skeleton of a turtle that must have lost its way and a prison cell like many cargo ships of the time had.
The mysticism is over when we encounter a group of ten Asian divers - no problem, there's plenty of room here. The upper deck also offers a colourful backdrop outside. Shades of yellow, red and purple glow in the spotlight: sponges, corals, sea squirts. Batfish and a school of young barracudas seek shelter from the strengthening current. One last look at a few unexploded shells, then we head upwards along the rope.
The scenery in Barracuda Lake is somewhat different. Here the water temperatures rise with increasing depth.
Curiosity on both sides: In the strictly protected dugong reserve, divers and manatees voluntarily come very close to each other. 100 per cent chance of contact!
TRAVEL ° PHILIPPINES
After the surface break with coffee and biscuits, the next wreck awaits. Most of the ships lie upright on a flat seabed and offer the best wreck feeling with little danger. Some protrude to just below the surface and are even suitable for snorkelling.
Over the following days, we enjoy the diversity of the wrecks. The third dive on the programme is usually a coral reef: limited visibility, but surprisingly lush stony coral growth and colourful macro life.
Mysterious Barracuda Lake
The famous Barracuda Lake, just a few kilometres from Coron City, offers a change of scenery. The steep limestone island belongs to the Tagbanuwa, one of the oldest tribes in the Philippines, and is strictly protected. Most of the lakes in the centre of the island, which are surrounded by karst walls, are off-limits for religious reasons. The only exception is Barracuda Lake, which is only separated from the sea by a narrow rock bridge.
Many tourists make a daily pilgrimage here to swim, snorkel or dive. Luckily, we are the first in the water and float through clear brackish water with guide Kevin. At a depth of 15 metres, the temperature rises abruptly from 28 to 33 to 35 degrees! Below the thin thermocline, cloudy brownish salt water awaits with visibility of only two to three metres. The muddy bottom and submerged branches do not invite us to linger. So we soon surface again.
The phenomenon is caused by thermal water that remains trapped between fresh and salt water. The rugged karst formations with steep walls, canyons and small passages as well as the few animal species are interesting for divers. There are numerous yellow-brown catfish, which feed on algae-eating snails, especially near the entrance. If you are lucky, you may spot gobies, transparent shrimps, cardinal fish or rabbit fish - all brackish water immigrants from the sea. The eponymous barracuda was last sighted over a year ago and has probably disappeared in the meantime.
Unforgettable manatee
The following morning, it's time to get up early for dugong watching! First we travel by car to the north-east of Busuanga, then continue by bangka boat along the coast to the northernmost tip. A strictly protected dugong reserve with a stable, even growing population has been located here for 30 years.
Of the numerous animals, two have become accustomed to divers. The chance of seeing them is almost 100 per cent! Under strict safety precautions and accompanied by a ranger, we observe one of the over two-metre-long animals grazing in a meadow of sea grass. To our delight, the friendly dugong does an extra lap around us, eyes
us curiously and poses for photos. An unforgettable experience - for up to 100 visitors a day in small groups of no more than four people.
Conclusion
Coron has it all! The spectacular wrecks are suitable for almost all levels of diver. There are also colourful reefs, exciting shore excursions, the mystical Barracuda Lakeand as a highlight, the fascinating dugongs. A paradise for wreck lovers, adventurers and nature lovers alike. <<
Colourful and mystical: while the wrecks have mutated into artificial reefs, especially on the outside, there are still some interesting artefacts from days long gone deep inside.
PHILIPPINES
CORON
TRAVEL INFORMATION: CORON
ARRIVAL/DEPARTURE: e.g. with China Airlines from Frankfurt to Manila. After one night in a hotel, continue by domestic flight to Busuanga. From there, a 30-minute car transfer takes you to the Zuri Resort Coron. A passport (valid for at least six months) is required to enter the country. You will receive a tourist visa free of charge on arrival, which is valid for 30 days. A development fee of 200 pesos (around three euros) per person must be paid in cash on arrival at Busuanga National Airport.
LOCATION: in a quiet location at the west end just outside Coron town. Excursion into town: either a fie to 25-minute walk or with a ubiquitous tricycle motorbike taxi for around one euro per two people/trip.
TIME OF TRAVEL: The Philippines are a tropical year-round destination. The region is hardly at risk from typhoons, which usually pass to the north or south.
DIVING: in guided small groups (max. four divers/guide) from the boat. Either on half-day trips with two dives or day trips with three dives and lunch on board. Around 25 spots can be reached within 15 to 120 minutes. The centre is the only provider in the area for boat night dives on the reefs of nearby Coron Island.
Boats: two own speedboats for eight divers each (maximum four to six divers each for wreck trips) as well as chartered bangkas for larger groups.
Prices:
A half-day trip with two TG (incl. bottle & lead) costs 57 euros. A wreck trip including three dives and lunch costs 86 euros plus a fuel surcharge of around 12 to 25 euros, depending on the distance. Surcharge for Nitrox: 4.80 euros/ fil. The base uses reusable cutlery/cups on its boat trips and drinking water dispensers.
Dugong trip: The full-day trip from the partner base (Dugong Dive Centre) costs 155 euros per person including three TG, national park fee and lunch on board, plus a transfer taxi of 80 euros (for up to seven people).
SNORKELLING: IS possible in Barracuda Lake and on the dugong tour.
Best diving time/season: High season is from December to April, with optimal diving conditions (dry season and little wind) usually from February to May. July to September is the rainy season and is ideal for bargain hunters. However, it is open all year round. Underwater visibility outside the rainy season is usually around eight to ten metres.
SPECIAL FEATURES: It is the only diving centre in Coron City, directly connected to a hotel and has its own pier and speedboats.
ACCOMMODATION: The four-star plus Hotel Zuri Resort Coron was
opened in 2022 and is considered the best hotel in Coron City. There are 118 rooms in fie different categories and space for up to 250 guests. The generously equipped rooms all have air conditioning, fridge, coffee/tea maker, safe, flat-screen TV, telephone, free WiFi, large bathroom/WC and terrace or balcony. In addition to the main restaurant, café and pool bar, there are three beautiful freshwater pools (plus a children's pool), a large fitnes area and a highly recommended spa. Info: www.zuriresortcoron.com
Price example: 14 days/12 nights: flight with China Airlines from/to Frankfurt to Manila, domestic flight Manila - Busuanga and return, transfer to Coron, 12 nights in the Zuri Resort in a superior room with breakfast, 20 boat dives including guide and nitrox, (fuel surcharges on the boat trips between 12 and 25 euros depending on distance to be paid locally): from 2582 euros per person in a double room.
&
3 Nächte Easy Diving Sipalay 6 Nächte Visayas Tauchsafari inkl. Tauchen 2 Tauchgänge im Hotel ab 1. 215,- € p.P., zzgl. Flug, Transfers & Gebühren
Hier geht´s zum exklusiven Angebot gültig bis 11.12.2025
Reisezeitraum: bis Juli 2026
Co-owner of the diving centre is the Swiss Eric J. Zürcher.
The diving centre with speedboats and its own jetty is connected to the Zuri Resort in a quiet location on the outskirts of the town.
To the video talk on site
CARIBBEAN DREAMS DIVING PARADISES &
The Caribbean and Central America have diversity in their DNA. Two oceans and a hell of a lot of life in between.
NAUTILUS TAUCHREISEN invites you.
Azure blue sea and colourful coral gardens with their inhabitantsthat's what you get on Bonaire and Curaçao directly at own bungalow
It often starts with a picture. A turquoise blue sea, white beaches, palm trees in the wind - and somewhere in between a smile that sounds like sunshine. Anyone who has ever been to the Caribbean carries this feeling in their heart forever: the incomparable "Caribbean Feeling". Here, joie de vivre, nature and culture merge into an atmosphere that cannot be described, only experienced.
On the islands, people greet you with a warmth that seems as natural as the sound of the sea on your doorstep. The day begins with a smile, is full of discoveries and ends with a sunset that bathes the sky in liquid gold. And yet - the Caribbean is much more than the cliché of a dream beach. It harbours places that are still insider tips, full of adventure and stories.
Bonaire - Freedom under water
On Bonaire, diving means freedom. The small island off the coast of Venezuela has dedicated itself to protecting its reefs since the 1970s - with success.
Anyone who enters the water here quickly realises why Bonaire is one of the best diving areas in the Caribbean. Almost all the sites start off shallow and then turn into colourful steep walls full of coral. over 60 diving spots, each marked with a yellow stone, are waiting to be discovered. The concept: simply grab a tank, load it into the car and off you go - around the clock, as often as you like.
Captain Don's Habitat lives this spirit. Located directly by the sea, with its own house reef, restaurant and bar, it is the meeting place for the diving scene. The motto here is: Diving Freedom - non-limit diving whenever you want.
Curaςao
Curaçao - The island of diversity
A few islands away lies Curaçao, the largest of the ABC islandsand probably the most diverse. Beaches, culture, nature, sporteverything blends into an experience that appeals to everyone.
The island has 38 beaches, many of which are small, hidden bays. Those who dive here will find a colourful underwater world with shoals, coral gardens, wrecks and reefs. And just like on Bonaire: hire car, tank package - and the freedom to decide for yourself when and where to dive.
The Sun Reef Village is a place for connoisseurs. Small bungalows with gardens, terraces right by the sea - breakfast with a view of the waves, sunset in a deckchair. The Curaçao Divers base delivers the tanks directly to the car. And the rest? Pure island flair.
Bonaire
TRAVEL °CARIBBEAN & CENTRAL AMERICA
Follow this QR code and find your suitable holiday destination (www. nautilus-tauchreisen.de)
For almost 60 years, "Nautilus Tauchreisen" has been organising diving trips to the most beautiful and remote spots on earth. The Caribbean has always been a speciality - from Cuba to the Central American countries and the beautiful islands in the Caribbean Sea. The diving holiday specialist currently offers a total of 14 different destinations within the Caribbean. Some of these are still relatively unknown destinations. nautilus-tauchreisen.de
Phone +49 89 208076-170
Panama - wild and pristine
If you're looking for adventure, you'll find it in Panama. On the Pacific coast lies the Coiba National Park, a place where nature still calls the shots. Currents roar here, temperatures change - and sharks, rays and even humpback whales pass by.
The small village of Santa Catalina is the gateway to this paradise. Quiet, tranquil, a meeting point for divers and surfers. Boats leave from here for the islands of the national park. Three dives a day, with secluded beaches in between - a dream.
At the Hotel Santa Catalina , the day ends on the terrace with a view of the infinity pool and the Pacific. Stylish rooms, a good restaurant - and the German-speaking Scuba Coiba base, which organises everything.
Palm trees and an enormous amount of nature can also be found on the Pacific side of Panama. As calm and tranquil as the ocean appears on the surface, it is just as varied and diverse underneath.
Santa Catalina Little Corn Island
Curaçao Bonaire
Panama
Conclusion:
The Caribbean and Central America are more than just a dream of white beaches. They are a promise: of freedom, adventure and encounters. On Bonaire, Curaçao, in Panama and Nicaragua, every journey becomes a story - and every story becomes a memory for life.
Nicaragua - A step back in time
The Central American country of Nicaragua gives the feeling of opening a door to the past. There are colonial cities such as León and Granada to see, as well as volcanoes and Pacific beaches - and on the other side of the country, the mysterious Corn Islands.
Little Corn Island in particular is unlike anything you've ever seen before. No roads, no cars, no motorbikes - just sand, palm trees, the sound of the sea and small restaurants on the beach. Underwater, nature is unspoilt: Nurse sharks, rays, large shoals and colourful coral blocks.
The Little Corn Beach & Bungalow is a retreat by the sea, with bungalows and hammocks in the garden, as well as a restaurant that is one of the best on the island. Dolphin Dive takes guests out several times a day - the Caribbean as it once was.
Photos: M. Strmiska, Nautilus Tauchreisen
Splendid Spanish buildings from times gone by, a little less tourism and even more Caribbean origin. Nicaragua scores highly with these attributes.
FAMILY ADVENTURE
IN THE RED SEA
Family holidays with teenagers - it's not that easy. Some want relaxation, others want action. Some want comfort, others want adventure. But it does exist - the rare combination of all of these: a diving safari in Egypt with "teenagers" on board.
T Mirelle Hengster
In the interests of maximising safety, kids and parents go diving together. This also works on a diving safari.
Family holiday with teenagers? It's important to find the right compromise when planning so that there are no long faces at the holiday destination. After all, one part of the family often wants to relax, while the other wants to be active or even go on an adventure. And the issue of comfort also plays an important role. So what should you do? Why not combine all your wishes and go on a diving safari in Egypt? And the "youngsters"? Come on board with us.
Why Egypt?
Because there is hardly any other destination that offers so much for diving enthusiasts and is only about a four-hour flight
from Central Europe. So no jet lag, no tropical climate, no long transfers - and yet: a completely different world.
The Red Sea is an underwater paradise that delights diving beginners and old hands alike. Colourful coral reefs, dolphins, turtles, moray eels, napoleons and even the occasional manatee or whale shark - spectacular! The visibility is crystal clear, the water is pleasantly warm and the conditions are often calm - perfect for young divers and snorkellers.
M/Y Omneia Spiritour
floating base
The Omneia Spirit is specially tailored to the needs of divers without forgetting com-
DIVING SUITABLE FOR BEGINNERS CAN ALSO BE WONDERFULLY COMBINED WITH MORE CHALLENGING DIVES. SO EVERYONE GETS THEIR "MONEY'S WORTH" AT.
fort. The cabins are spacious, the food fantastic. And the crew? A dream! Especially for families. The Egyptian crew members love children - they look after them with a lot of heart, laugh with the youngsters, explain patiently and have a portion of sweets ready for everyone.
Dive, learn, marvel
The highlight of this trip was, of course, the diving. The young people were individually supervised, had their own diving instructors or divemasters at their side and were able to take part in age-appropriate divesdepending on their level of training and experience. From taking their first breath underwater to exploring wrecks and night dives, everything was included. And yes: the shining eyes after the first night dive speak volumes! For parents, this is worth its
Photos: Tobias Friedrich
A WEEK ON THE BOAT - BORING?
Kian and Dorian took part in the Kids Tour in September 2025. What was it like?
Isn't it boring to spend a whole week on a boat with your parents?
Kian: No, not at all. You have a lot of free time, you can jump off the boat, go round the corner in the Zodiac, eat a lot and dive. It's all very nice.
Dorian: The crew is very entertaining and you can relax and sleep when you want.
What did you like best on the boat - and what didn't you like at all?
Dorian: Best of all: the food and the dive guides. Everything else was really good too.
Kian: What I liked most was that we were allowed to drive the Zodiacs. The dive guides were also very cool. Overall, everything was great.
Wasn't it exhausting to dive every day?
Kian: No. The dives are not that difficult and you can skip one. You also see some very beautiful things.
Dorian: It wasn't strenuous. The dive guides plan so that you dive with the current and not against it.
What was your favourite thing about diving?
Kian: The corals and the marine animals - we saw dolphins and many other species, for example turtles, nudibranchs and moray eels.
Dorian: Especially the famous wreck "Thistlegorm"; I found it very interesting and big. I liked the motorbikes in the wreck best - British machines.
Have you ever been bored?
Kian: There was usually something to do: Books, board games, getting something to
drink, power naps, playing with other children.
Dorian: There was always something to doresting, playing with other children, reading or doing something of my own.
Would you do it again - or would you prefer a hotel with a beach?
Kian: I would do it again. You are somewhere different every day, have different dive sites and don't always see the same thing.
Dorian: Definitely boat again. From the beach you can mostly see sand and water; from the boat you can see much more - corals, fish, parts of sunken ships.
M/Y OMNEIA SPIRIT
Which kids are suitable? For young people aged 12 and over (with or without a diving licence) who are sporty and open to new things. For parents who want to give their children something special and be a bit of a child themselves.
The diving safari for and with young people will be offered again in 2026.
KEY DATA:
Ship: M/Y Omneia Spirit
Route: South to Dolphin House Sataya from Hurghada, to Hurghada
Date: 6.8. to 13.8.2026
Cabin: Twin Lower Deck
Price: from 1299 euros, teenagers under 18 from 1049 euros
Booking: www.omneia.de
weight in gold: the children are kept busy for hours, learn an incredible amount, surpass themselves and fall into bed in the evening tired, happy and full of impressions.
Safari means more than just diving
A diving safari sounds like "just diving" - but it's not. Between dives, there was time to chill out on the sun deck, read, play games or simply look out over the sea. But also for joint activities: stand-up paddling, snorkelling with dolphins, a shore leave on one of the small islands - barefoot through the white sand, marvelling at crabs, smelling the salt and feeling the freedom. The kids on board loved this variety. And the adults also enjoyed not having to provide "entertainment" all the time, but seeing how their children moved freely around the ship, made friends, became diving enthusiasts and went through the day with a smile on their faces.
Safety has top priority
Of course, safety comes first in everything. The M/Y Omneia Spirit works to the highest safety standards. Every diver wears an ENOS system, i.e. an electronic emergency call transmitter. There are also comprehensive safety briefings, modern technology and a crew that always knows what to do. For parents whose children are diving in the open sea for the first time, this is a reassuring feeling.
Why does this work?
Because a diving safari with young people does not mean that you have to do without anything - you gain much more: shared experiences under and above water, real adventure instead of a castle of beds, deceleration without boredom. On board, young people learn responsibility, team spirit, respect for nature and selfconfidence. And parents experience their children from a new perspective - curious, open, courageous and enthusiastic. Anyone looking for a special family holiday - beyond all-inclusive and club entertainment -should consider a diving safari. The combination of adventure, sea, nature, education and real family time is unbeatable. And Egypt? It's simply ideal. The Omneia Spirit was the perfect place for us: a home on the water, a springboard to adventure and a platform for unforgettable moments.
Well looked after and in view: The crew become "best mates" and keep an eye on the young divers, taking the pressure off their parents. They are also trained and competent between dives.
Go on a voyage of discovery with your parentswhile diving: A joint wreck dive, like this one on the Thistlegorm, will be remembered forever.
EQUIPMENT
SAFELY ON THE MOVE WITH CLEAN AIR
Mantamania in the Maldivian Baa Atoll with Mermaid Protector on the Horizon 3. As usual, the ship has an accompanying dhoni on which the diving equipment remains during the tour and the tanks are also filled there. This also keeps the filling noise away from the main ship. However, it was also important to us that the diving tanks are filled with Bauer compressors plus a nitrox system. The tour went better than expected and we saw manta rays and whale sharks en masse. A perfect tour, thanks to a super crew, good air and perfect organisation. Thanks to Mermaid Protector.
ADV JACKET WITH MANY FEATURES
The German full outfitter now offers the new top-class RBC40 jacket. The classic ADV waistcoat is lead-integrated, has large pockets, a firm, rubberised back plate that prevents the bottle from slipping through and leaves nothing to be desired. Price 599 euros. dynamicnord.com
DRY SUIT DIVING MADE IN AUSTRIA
The suit cutter Camaro from Austria has two new drysuitsuits in its range. The DryTec and the ProTec are made from a very light but robust trilaminate. The DryTec version is aimed at beginners, while the ProTec version is more for advanced divers. Price from 1695 euros. camaro-watersports.com
NITROX FOR SMALL DIVING CENTRES
NRC presented the smallest stationary nitrox compressor at InterDive 2025. It delivers gas at up to 250 litres per minute. Although it has a very narrow design so that it can cope with limited space, it is packed with high-quality technology. With a price of just under 8,000 euros, the German nitrox specialist NRC Nitrox is making nitrox accessible to smaller diving centres. nrc-international. com
Photos: Gerald Nowak (4), Benjamin Schulze (5), manufacturer (1)
FREI'S
PHOTO CORNER
IS WHITE ALSO WHITE?
A stupid question, why not? Unfortunately, it's not that simple, because digital cameras have a white balance function for this problem. So what does the white balance do? Digital cameras produce an image in the RGB colours (red, green, blue). If we photograph with RAW or leave it to the camera's internal image processing, the colours are converted from the colour space of the image sensor into sRGB or Adobe RGB. Depending on the light source, this results in shifts in colour reproduction. Although white subjects reflect all wavelengths of visible light according to the same pattern, the camera does not always see the white in the same way as we do. This is particularly the case when the colours of certain wavelengths play a more dominant role in the prevailing light. An important component here is the colour temperature, measured in Kelvin (K). This is because the electromagnetic waves reflected by the subject depend on the colour temperature. This ranges from 1000K (red) to 10,000K (blue). According to the Kelvin scale, the warm red has a lower colour temperature than the cool blue. This sounds confusing, especially as you always have to move the colour temperature slider in the RAW converter in the opposite direction. Example: Images without artificial light in the sea are covered by a disturbing blue cast at a depth of just a few metres because the colour temperature of the ambient light has risen. If you want to eliminate this colour cast in the RAW converter, the colour temperature slider must be adjusted in the direction of a higher colour temperature, contrary to all expectations. This is done up to the point that indicates a colour temperature that would have been required in the camera to avoid the blue cast. However, moving the colour temperature slider does not necessarily lead to natural and pleasant colours because important colour tones are missing. The colour tone control therefore plays an important role. Only it is able to produce the missing colours of light. It is not uncommon to have to use the colour mixer or colour grading to achieve a satisfactory result. The task of the white balance is therefore to shift the colours in the image so that white subjects also appear white and not yellowish or greenish. In underwater photography, it makes sense to pre-select the automatic white balance. This usually only compensates for colour temperatures up to 12,000K, rarely more. In cloudy skies, these are already reached just below the surface of the water. For this reason, images at greater depths are no longer manageable in terms of colour without artificial light. Everything is overlaid by blue or green. Switching on the light or flash helps!
SMARTWATCH WITH SONAR COMMUNICATION FOR DIVERS
With the new Huawei Watch Ultimate 2, the manufacturer presents the first smartwatch that enables underwater communication down to a depth of 150 metres thanks to sonar-based technology. The zirconium-based housing is extremely resistant, the Gap antenna ensures a stable connection and the Sunflower positioning system guarantees precision even at depth. In addition to diving and outdoor functions, the watch offers comprehensive health monitoring and up to eleven days of battery life. Available from 899 euros. huawei.com
CHANGE OF OWNERSHIP AT LAMP MANUFACTURER TILLYTEC
A breath of fresh air at the manufacturer of modular diving lamps. The former founder and owner has left the job for reasons of age and has now handed over his well-known and popular lamp lines to Hannes Schintag. New rechargeable battery systems are expected, and the young entrepreneur also has a lot planned in the area of lamp heads to give the brand a new lease of life. tillytec.de
Herbert Frei
GARMIN AIMS AT THE MIDFIELD
The computer specialist Garmin has a new computer in its portfolio: the Descent X30. The computer has a 2.4-inch TFT colour display. It is very clear and easy to read and has a battery life of up to 30 hours. There is no gas integration. Price: 749.99 euros. garmin.com
LIGHTWEIGHT
WITH BRAINS
Compact, modern, easy to read - the Sirius L dive computer in watch format from Mares promises to be powerful, safe and practical. What's the story behind Mares' new, affordable watch computer?
#12.2025
T & F Benjamin Schulze
The model designation "Sirius L" contains something important: The "L" stands for "Light". What is meant here is not so much an extremely light design, but rather a reduced version of its big brother, the Mares Sirius. With the "L", Mares deliberately dispenses with expensive premium features, but offers a fully-fledged dive computer that prioritises safety, ease of use, reliability and an affordable price. It can also be worn in everyday life without any problems, as its watch format and light weight are easily sufficient for this.
Robust, not filigree
When you pick up the Sirius L, you immediately realise that it is lighter and more compact than many full-grown multigas computers. But it is not a mini watch, it is definitely a watch. The Sirius L looks present on the wrist, which many divers appreciateafter all, you want to have a clear view of the values at all times and feel the computer under water. With its segmented LCD, it radiates a certain sobriety: no colour graphics, no playful animations, but a display that remains readable and clear in all conditions. Whether in the dark grey of a Central European dredging hole or on the glistening, sun-drenched water surface of the Red Sea in Egypt: the "little" Sirius is rich in contrast, reflects very little and is very easy to read. Under water, the Sirius L shows what is important: sharp displays, intuitive operation, reliable values. The chip-on-glass LCD is particularly useful in poor visibility. What is behind the chip-on-glass LCD technology? With this technology, the driver chip is applied directly to the glass of the display instead of sitting on a separate circuit board as was previously the case. The result has several advantages:
MODEL
DISPLAY
DIVING MODES
ALGORITHM
SECURITY FEATURE
DECOMPRESSION PLANNER
LOGBOOK
BATTERY
BATTERY CAPACITY
CONNECTIVITY
OPERATION
BRACELET
OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
PRICE IN EURO
WEB
MARES SIRIUS L
Segment LCD, Chip-on-Glass
Air, Nitrox, Multigas-Nitrox (up to 3 gases), Apnoea, Bottom Timer
Bühlmann ZH-L16C, gradient factors adjustable
Safety-Stop+ available
up to 100 dives in the computer (more via Mares app)
CR2450 button cell, user replaceable approx. 100 dives (depending on use)
Bluetooth (Mares app and SSI app, fimware updates)
2-button operation easily replaceable
Bungee mount and coloured wristband kits
349,-
mares.com
◆ Compact design: fewer layers, flatter display.
◆ High robustness: less vulnerable connections, resistant to pressure and temperature.
◆ Energy efficiency: The lower power consumption contributes to the long battery life - Mares specifies around 200 to 300 diving hours per CR2450 cell. This is realistic, but also depends on usage.
◆ Betterreadability: fewer layers mean higher contrast. Values remain razorsharp even when viewed from the side and in low light.
In practice, this means that while older computers with LCD technology lose contrast with increasing depth, the Sirius L delivers a constant, clear image that is immediately recognisable. The button control is reduced to two buttons, but this proves to be an advantage - after a short period of familiarisation, everything can be operated blindly without having to struggle through complicated menu structures.
Is the variety of modes sufficient?
Whether you are a recreational diver, nitrox user or apnoea diver, the Sirius L has the most important modes on board. Up to three gases up to 100 per cent oxygen can be managed, a bottom timer is integrated
as well as a decompression planner. The underlying Bühlmann ZH-L16C algorithm not only provides a tried-and-tested basis, but can also be customised to suit individual requirements using gradient factors.
Safety Stop+: Extra safety
The Safety Stop+ function is an enhancement. Based on the dive profile and ascent speed, the computer recognises when it makes sense to make an additional stop at a shallower depth in addition to the normal safety stop. This extended stop is not an obligation, but a recommendation. However, it provides additional safety, especially for repetitive dives or longer diving times. In the test, the feature was by no means disruptive, but rather supportive: you are gently reminded to give your body a little more time to desaturate. An interesting and new feature is the ascending countdown after the safety stop, which indicates the time that has elapsed since the end of the safety stop in addition to the actual dive time.
Digital convenience
After surfacing, the second part of the experience begins: data transfer. Thanks to integrated Bluetooth, there is no need to fiddle with cables or special adapters. In the practical test, connections were quickly established with both the Mares and SSI
apps: The Sirius L was recognised immediately and the dives could be synchronised quickly. The computer itself, including the purchase receipt, can be saved in both apps.
The result: clean logbooks containing all relevant values - from the gas changes to the ascent profile to the safety stops. Diagrams and statistics provide a detailed overview. And the data can be archived or shared with just a few clicks. A particularly convenient feature is that firmware updates can also be installed directly via the app. This keeps the computer technically up to date without having to send it in.
Suitability for everyday use
The Sirius L is more than just a diving tool. With date, time, alarm clock and countdown timer, it also has functions that make it an everyday companion. The strap is easy to change. And if you are travelling in a dry-
suit, you can use the optional bungee mount or an extension wristband. At a favourable price of 349 euros, these features are not included and must be purchased separately. Especially with diving suits over five millimetres thick or even dry suits, there is no way around buying a long bracelet at a price of 49.95 euros. Our recommendation here is rather to buy the bungee mount with the rubber straps for 29.95 euros, as this type of fastening is always more flexible and secure than a classic pin buckle. Nevertheless, the bracelets are available in a wide range of colours, giving you plenty of scope for personal preference.
Differentiation from the "big" Sirius
If you want to choose between the Sirius L and the "big" Sirius, you should know what the differences are:
◆ Display: While the L gets by with a simple segment LCD, the Sirius offers a colour MIP display with more display options.
◆ Power supply: The L relies on a user-replaceable CR2450 battery, which lasts a long time but must be available for replacement. The large Sirius, on the other hand, works with a permanently installed battery that is charged inductively via a charging station.
◆ Gas integration: One crucial point: the Sirius L does not have hose-free gas integration. So if you want to see the tank pressure directly on the display, you have to go for the larger Sirius. For many recreational divers, this is not a must. More ambitious users will feel a limit here.
◆ Target group: The L is aimed at divers who want a reliable, uncomplicated computer without having to go upmarket. Its big brother Sirius, on the other hand, also
Conclusion - a computer with a clear line
The Mares Sirius L is a dive computer that knows exactly what it wants to be: light, reliable, safe and user-friendly. It deliberately dispenses with luxury functions such as gas integration or colour display and concentrates on the core taskswhich it performs convincingly.
Manufacturer (2); Benjamin Schulze (7) caters to the technically ambitious segment with more features and flexibility.
For beginners, it offers a clear and secure platform, for advanced users a solid backup solution or a reliable everyday computer. The Safety
Stop+ feature and the app connection set it apart from some of its competitors. On the other hand, those who value a tank pressure indicator, colour display or high-end look are better off with the larger Sirius.
Either way, the Sirius L shows that "light" does not mean less, but a deliberate reduction to the essentials. This makes it attractive to many divers. <<
The app connection in the two apps from Mares and SSI is state-of-the-art. Purchase and service data can also be stored there. The connection via Bluetooth is established by pressing a button on the watch once and using the phone-specific Bluetooth connection.
Photos:
The dive computer manufactured in the European Union is easy to use. The cover of the battery compartment with button cell can be opened using a coin. A clear display layout shows all relevant data clearly and comprehensibly.
EQUIPMENT° AOI-HOUSING
AOI HOUSING
& FLASH FOR OLYMPUS
Affordable AOI housings have been on the market for some time now. Our author tested it with the Olympus E-M10 MKIV including AOI flash.
For over a yearnow, the AOI UHEM10 IV underwater housing has accompanied us on numerous dives - in local lakes, in the Mediterranean, in the tropics and even ice diving in the Alps. Time for a conclusion: How does the housing perform in tough
continuous use? Made from salt water-resistant polycarbonate, the AOI housing is robust, light and impact-resistant. In contrast to some American manufacturers, AOI does not rely on universal boxes, but on custom-fit "camera clothes". This ensures that the camera is absolutely stable
and that all operating elements are reliably accessible. The O-ring system is also impressive: it is designed in such a way that incorrect operation is virtually impossibleprovided that the rings are maintained and checked regularly.
T & F Gerald Nowak
Improvements compared to predecessor models
Earlier AOI housings occasionally had problems with rusting springs under the keys if they were not thoroughly rinsed after salt water immersion. In the current model, a higher quality spring steel has been usedrust is now a thing of the past. AOI shows here that feedback is taken seriously and consistently implemented.
Ports and wet lenses
The flexibility is particularly exciting: the ports can be changed depending on the lens, and the housing can also be combined with wet lenses. We tested it with the Olympus EM10 Mark IV and the 14-42 mm lens. This allows you to switch spontaneously between wide-angle and macro underwater - a great advantage when the ultimate subject suddenly appears.
The range of wet lenses from AOI is diverse and ranges from affordable entry-level solutions to high-quality pro lenses such as the UWL-09 Pro. The latter deliver razor-sharp images, but are also quite heavy and require proper taring. Lighter alternatives that are easier to handle are sufficient for beginners. the same applies to macro attachment lenses: more magnification is not always better. Experience and technique determine the result.
Security system
A highlight of the AOI UH-EM10 IV is the integrated "Vacuum & Wet Detection Sys-
AOI UCS-Q1RC IN THE TEST
The AOI UCS-Q1RC is a compact flash specially developed for Olympus cameras. In RC mode, it works reliably in TTL mode so that the photographer can concentrate on the image composition. Plus-minus corrections are possible. For absolute control, however, manual mode is recommended.
Compared to its predecessor Q1, the Q1RC automatically adjusts the power to the distance of the subject - a clear advantage with moving objects. However, manual correction is still advisable for highly reflective fish such as pike or mackerel.
The battery life is sufficient for one day of diving and the recycle time is less than one second. With a maximum depth of 60 metres, 5600K colour temperature and a beam angle of 45° (significantly increased with a diffuser), it is ideal for most applications. The use of two flashes is recommended for super wide angles.
The pilot lamps with 700 lumens are suitable as additional light for close-ups or night dives. Under water, the flash weighs just 70 grams and is easy to balance.
CONCLUSION: A powerful, compact helper for ambitious scuba divers - reliable and flexible. And at just over 400 euros, it offers good value for money.
Easy handling, compact plastic construction, signal transmission for up to two external flashes via fibre optic cable, display protection against unwanted reflections, separate buttons for unrestricted operation even when wearing neoprene gloves and an equally compact flash as an optional accessory. The manufacturer has thought of everything here.
tem". It checks the tightness of the housing before the dive and gives an acoustic and visual warning. the status can be read at any time via an LED signal. The system increases safety enormously, but requires consistent care: the battery must be charged, the O-rings cleaned and the camera checked.
Practical conclusion
Whether in tropical seas, the Mediterranean or cold fresh water, the AOI UH-EM10 IV has always proved to be a reliable companion. The workmanship is high quality, the operation is intuitive, and with the right wet lenses it opens up an enormous photographic range. If you are prepared to invest a little time in care and practice, you will get a versatile housing that will give a lot of pleasure not only to ambitious be-
FEATURE
COMPATIBLE CAMERA
HOUSING MATERIAL
DIVING DEPTH
LENS CONNECTION SYSTEM
FLASH TRIGGER (LED)
LEAK PROTECTION
BATTERY / POWER SUPPLY
CHARGING TIME
OPERATING TIME
DIMENSIONS (W × H × D)
WEIGHT ON LAND (HOUSING + FLAT PORT ONLY)
STANDARD ACCESSORIES
PRICE
WHERE TO BUY FOR AOI PRODUCTS :
In Europe, the housings and UW-Wetlinsen are sold by:
ginners but also to experienced underwater photographers.
The AOI UH-EM10 IV impresses with its robust construction, well thought-out details and maximum flexibility. An underwater housing that you can take with you when travelling - from your local lake to the tropics. All in all, the housing in combination with an Olympus camera is a good alternative to the aluminium housings. Only the very ambitious photographer will notice differences in the quality of the results. If you want to get a taste of underwater photography, you can also start relatively inexpensively with an Olympus Tough TG7 and a suitable original housing (which is also manufactured by AOI Ltd.). <<
The camera, flash and photographer are ultimately responsible for the quality of the images. The housing ensures problem-free handling, which in the case of the AOI housing requires some practice.
SPECIFICATION
Olympus OM-D E-M10 Mark IV
Polycarbonate
45 metres
AOI / Olympus PEN Port System integrated, compatible with manual shutter release and Olympus RC mode (TTL, FP etc.)
built-in Vacuum Analysis and Wet Detection System (VWS) for leak detection
built-in lithium polymer battery (3.7 V / 110 mAh)
approx. 1.5 hours (via USB 5 V, 0.5 A) approx. 2 days (based on 3 dives of 1 hour per day) aoi-uw.com+2aoi-uw.com+2
177.9 mm × 139.8 mm × 151.2 mm aditech-uw.com+3aoi-uw.com+3aoi-uw.com+3 approx. 835 g
Flat Port (AOI FLP-06), Lens Gear (AOI LG-OM-1442EZ), Hot Shoe Connector, USB-Ccharging cable, vacuum pump, LCD cover, spare O-rings, silica gel, cleaning cloth and much more.
between 770 and 800 euros
www.mares.com
www.eurodivers.com www.heizteufel.de
www.omneia.de
www.dynamicnord.com
www.mares.com
DIVERS
HEAT UP
T Benjamin Schulze
On the rise for several years now: electrically heated undersuits - whether under the drysuit or under the wetsuit. Which brands offer what? An overview.
SANTI
The Polish manufacturer Santi is a benchmark in the field of heated underwear. Models such as the Flex 2.0 or BZ400 Extreme heat the torso, arms and thighs using textile heating conductors with around 110 watts of power. In combination with the Thermovalve (the battery cable is fed through a special inlet valve of the drysuit) and external battery, a closed system for drysuits is created. The batteries are carried externally and connected via an E/O cable. Running times vary depending on battery size. Prices: Waistcoat from 334 euros, overalls from 697 euros, battery tanks from 685 euros. santidiving.com
MARES
With the Active Heating Vest, Mares offers a functional heating waistcoat. It warms the back and chest using heating panels. It is intended for use under drysuits. Two lithium rechargeable batteries are located inside in side pockets and are controlled via three heating levels (low, medium, high), which can also be adjusted by the drysuit at the touch of a button. Feedback is provided by vibration. Runs for around two to five hours. Price: 279 euros. mares.com
Photos: Manufacturer
HEIZTEUFEL
Berlin-based manufacturer Heizteufel produces modular heated clothingfrom tops and trousers to gloves and overalls with up to ten heating zones (chest, back, kidneys, thighs and more). Systems are designed for dry immersion and use their own external or optional internal batteries (e.g. 11.1 V/50 Ah) with non-contact magnetic control and various plug-in methods: Customisable for Santi, BTS or Yellow Diving connections. Customised versions are possible. Prices: Tops from 260 euros, trousers from 250 euros, overalls from 620 euros. Battery tanks from 260 euros. heizteufel.de
YELLOW DIVING
Yellow Diving combines heated waistcoats and gloves with an external power supply via its own externally mounted battery tanks (≥ 27 Ah). The systems are designed for dry ice and are primarily used to heat the upper body and hands. Simple operation, robust plug-in systems. Prices highly dependent on configuration. The upper part costs 249 euros, as a complete set with battery 1067 euros. yellowdiving.eu
Conclusion:
SCUBA FORCE
With the X-Heat system, Scuba Force offers a textile undersuit with removable heating pads (2 × 30 watts, front/back). The power fleece material remains flexible and works even when partially flooded. Connection via standard valve feed-throughs; external batteries. Washable, modular, safe. Runs for up to four hours. Complete set (without battery, with cable valve) from 659 euros. scubaforce.eu
Santi, Scuba Force and Heizteufel provide the most comprehensive systems for long, cold dives. Heizteufel impresses with its flexibility, customisation and large selection. Venture Heat and Mares offer simpler, mobile solutions with rechargeable batteries in the suit. The
PROCEAN
The Dutch company Procean manufactures simple, robust heated underwear (overalls, waistcoats and jackets), socks and gloves with three power levels (35/65/100 per cent). Chest and shoulder heating, powered by external 7.4 V batteries. Exclusively for drysuits. Running time two to five hours, prices for waistcoats from 269 euros. procean.eu
VENTURE HEAT
Coming from the USA, Venture Heat relies on FIR infrared technology. The Dive Vest PRO V3 warms the front and back of the upper body, with two compact batteries in pockets on the outside. Three heating levels via remote control, waterproof up to 70 metres. Suitable for dry and wet suits, can also be used in the water without a suit. Runs for two to six hours. Price: 995 euros. ventureheat.eu
We requested information and images from Kwark, but unfortunately had not received a response by the editorial deadline.
Venture Heat product is the only one that can also be worn under a wetsuit. Yellow Diving and Procean complete the field with solid mid-range options. Manufacturers repeatedly demonstrate the advantages of their products at test events.
EXPERTS
DISCOVERY IN THE DEEP SEA: UNIQUE HABITAT AT HOT SPRINGS
Anew type of hydrothermal field has been discoveredoff the coast of Papua New Guinea on the Conical Seamount at a depth of around 1300 metres, which combines two previously separate seabed phenomena: the release of hot hydrothermal fluids and extremely large quantities of methane and other hydrocarbons. This is the first time that hot hydrothermal water and cool, methane-rich gases have been detected in close proximity to each other.
The background to this is the special subsurface structure: beneath volcanic rock, there are thick layers of sediment with organic material that generate both hydrothermal life and large quantities of methane through magmatic heat. Both fluids seek the same ascent routes and emerge from the seabed practically side by side. This direct neighbourhood creates a unique, very species-rich ecosystem with mussel fields, tube worms, shrimps, jumping crabs and striking purple sea cucumbers. The field, called a "carambusel" (Tok Pisin for "shell"), also has an unusual chemical composition: The methane is very highly concentrated at over 80 per cent, precious metals such as gold and silver as well as arsenic, antimony and mercury are deposited - evidence of an earlier active geological history. However, the habitat is under considerable threat from active and planned marine mining as well as tailings discharges from the nearby Ladolam gold mine. The researchers are therefore urgently calling for more research, targeted marine spatial planning and effective protection of this newly described ecosystem, which represents an unexpected treasure trove of biodiversity and must be protected from economic encroachment.
Deep-sea crabs (Shinkaia crosnieri ) and "deep-sea mussels" (Bathymodiolus)
OUR EXPERT
DR FLORIAN huber REPORTS ON THE news from the scientific underwater world every month at . He himself is an underwater archaeologist and research diver (florian-huber.info).
Temperature measurement on the sea floor: In the newly discovered hydrothermal field, hot liquid and cold gas bubble out of the sediment just a few centimetres apart.
The diving robot caused a surprise off Papua New Guinea: the very first deployment of the Kiel 6000 ROV revealed the impressive features of the "Karambusel" hydrothermal field.
The island of Santorini is located in the eastern Mediterranean and is part of the Hellenic Volcanic Arc, a geologically highly active zone.
SANTORINI: MAGMA DISPLACEMENT TRIGGERED TENS OF THOUSANDS OF EARTHQUAKES
At the beginning of 2025, more than 28,000 earthquakes occurred around Santorini and the underwater volcano Kolumbo. An international study shows that the earthquake swarm was triggered by the rise of around 300 million cubic metres of magma from the depths, which came to a standstill around four kilometres below the ocean floor. The seismic activity shifted in several pulses from Santorini towards Columbo and was tracked in detail using modern, partly AI-supported methods. The data indicate a hydraulic connection between the two volcanoes and provide new insights into the dynamics and risk potential of this geologically active region. Monitoring and scientific collaboration will continue in order to enable a better assessment of future risks to the population.
SUBMERGED COASTAL LANDSCAPE IS BEING EXPLORED
The new DFG research group "TORF" (Times of Rise and Failure) is investigating the submerged coastal landscape of medieval North Friesland in the North Frisian Wadden Sea, which is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site. The aim is to reconstruct the human-environment interactions in this cultural landscape and to understand how people in the Middle Ages dealt with settlement, land use and extreme natural events such as storm surges. The interdisciplinary project brings together researchers from the fields of archaeology, history, geography, geology, geophysics and microbiology and is supported by several German universities and institutes. "TORF" builds on previous discoveries such as the medieval Rungholt church and provides new insights into the cultural heritage and risks of the region. Geophysics and drilling are used to record cultural traces in the North Frisian mudflats, which cannot be reached by archaeological excavations.
OBJECTS RECOVERED FROM THE WRECK OF THE HMHS BRITANNIC FOR THE FIRST TIME
In the summer, objects were officially recovered for the first time from the wreck of the HMHS Britannic near Kea in the Aegean Sea, the sister ship of the Titanic, which sank in 1916 as a hospital ship after a mine explosion. With the permission of the Greek Ministry of Culture, a diving team brought various pieces to the surface from a depth of over 120 metres under difficult conditions. The operation was organised by the British author and documentary filmmaker Simon Mills, founder of the "Britannic Foundation". Mills bought the wreck in 1996 for 15,000 pounds to protect it from looting and to analyse its history. The most important finds include the ship's bell, a navigation lantern, silver-plated trays, ceramic tiles from the Turkish bath, passenger class equipment and an observation binocular. The artefacts are currently being restored and will be exhibited in the National Museum of Underwater Culture in Piraeus, which is currently under construction, particularly in a section dedicated to the First World War.
NEW MESOCOSM STUDY ON GRAN CANARIA
A current study off Gran Canaria is investigating the alkalinisation of the ocean through the addition of rock flour and dissolved minerals. The aim is to change the ocean chemistry in order to increase the uptake ofCO2 and reduce acidification. Large-scale mesocosms are used in which natural marine communities are observed in a controlled manner. The experiments compare the effects of dissolved alkalinity and rock flour on the marine ecosystem to better understand potential risks and opportunities of ocean de-alkalisation. The study builds on several previous international field experiments.
The mesocosms are like oversized test tubes: natural ecosystems can be observed in them under controlled conditions.
Ship's bell after lifting and cleaning marine organisms.
ORCAS
THE KINGS OF THE OCEANS
Orcas (Orcinus orca), also known as killer whales, are one of the most fascinating predators on the planet. They are known for their social intelligence as well as their impressive hunting techniques. With their distinctive black and white pattern and worldwide distribution, they are both a symbol of freedom and an indicator of the state of the oceans.
T Alexander Kaßler
Photos: shutterstock, Tobias Friedrich
In the autumn and winter months, Norway's fjords become the preferred hunting ground for several orca groups. "This is due to the unimaginably large schools of herring that congregate here. In addition to the orcas, whales can also be seen feeding here.
Ascharismatic predators, they fascinate researchersand surprise them time and again with unexpected behaviour. In the following, we shed light on current topics in orca research, from mysterious series of attacks on boats to social culture and the effects of environmental toxins and climate change on these unique animals.
Orca incidents with boats:
Causes and scientific interpretations
Since 2020, there have been over 500 incidents involving boats, especially off the Iberian Peninsula. The orcas often focus on the rudder of yachts. Scientists are discussing several causes: a possible trauma (for example in the case of the lead cow "White Gladis"), playful behaviour or the imitation of a "trend". This behaviour is passed on socially and could have both defensive and curious motives. Some researchers suspect a link to food scarcity and disturbance from shipping traffic. Research groups such as the Atlantic Orca Working Group are monitoring the situation and advising boat crews to adopt cautious behaviour. For more information, see interview and presentation of the "Iberian Orca Guardians Foundation" (page 73).
Social behaviour and communication:
Dialects, culture and distribution of roles
Orcas live in matrilineal family groups (pods) with stable social structures and their own dialects. They have a cultural transmission of knowledge, for example in and through hunting techniques and play behaviour. A study published in 2023 showed that Southern Resident orcas regularly kill porpoises without eating thempresumably a cultural behaviour for practising hunting techniques or as a social ritual. older females play a key role in group survival, and even post-reproductive mothers protect their adult sons from social conflict. Orcas have complex sound combinations and individual "dialects" that differ significantly between ecotypes.
Effects of environmental toxins and climate change
Orcas are apex predators and accumulate high levels of pollutants such as PCBs and other POPs. These toxins can impair the immune
system, fertility and behaviour. Studies show that seal-hunting populations in particular have extremely high PCB levels, some of which are many times above critical thresholds. Microplastics and other chemicals exacerbate the situation. Climate-related changes are also leading to an expansion of the habitat, for example into the Arctic, and changing the availability of prey (e.g. Chinook salmon). This can lead to hunger, increased stress and increased loss of offspring. As a consequence, overfishing of the oceans leads to orcas metabolising their own fat reserves during periods of starvation.
Genetics and ecotypes: Species diversity among the "killer whales"
Modern genetic studies show that different orca ecotypes have represented separate evolutionary lineages for hundreds of thousands of years. In the North Pacific, for example, the Bigg's orcas (marine mammal hunters) are genetically very separate from the resident orcas (fish-eaters). Researchers are now proposing that these groups be categorised as separate species, Orcinus rectipinnus and Orcinus ater. Rare ecotypes such as type D in sub-Antarctic waters show extreme inbreeding and low genetic diversity. The categorisation into different species or subspecies would have direct consequences for the protection status.
Conclusion
Orcas are highly intelligent, social and culturally diverse marine mammals that are of central importance both ecologically and evolutionarily. At the same time, they are severely threatened by environmental toxins, climate change and human impact. Current research provides valuable insights that can help us to better understand and protect these fascinating animals.
Photos: shutterstock, Tobias Friedrich
TONNEN
Orcas are the largest members of the dolphin family (Delphinidae).
Researchers have discovered that a male orca eats around 500 to 600 herring per day during the "big meal" in Norway. The biggest competitor here is the fishing industry, which also hunts herring.
EXPERTS °ORCAS
WHY ARE ORCAS CALLED "KILLER WHALES"?
The term comes from the Spanish. Early seafarers called orcas "asesina ballenas", which translates as "whale killer" or "killer of whales". They observed orcas hunting larger whales such as grey whales, minke whales or even blue whale calves. English sailors adopted this term, but mistranslated it to "whale killer", which later became "killer whale". It should actually have been "killer of whales". Orcas are apex predators of the oceans. They hunt in highly developed groups (pods) and have complex hunting strategies, similar to wolves or lions. In the Arctic, they hunt seals by capsizing ice floes. In the Pacific, there are coordinated hunts for grey whale calves. In Norway, they round up schools of herring and stun them with tail slaps. This efficiency and the targeted killing of larger prey strengthened their reputation as "killers". There are no documented cases of wild orcas fatally attacking hu-
mans in the wild. In the wild, orcas are not dangerous to humans and are often curious. Accidents with humans have only occurred in captivity (e.g. SeaWorld), where stress and unnatural conditions encourage aggressive behaviour. Today, biologists and environmentalists try to avoid the name "killer whale" as it conveys a false image. Instead, more neutral terms such as orca or killer whale are used.
"Orca" is derived from the Latin Orcinus, which means "from the underworld" - also a reference to the awe that these animals used to inspire. "Killer whale" comes from the distinctive, high dorsal fin of the males.
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE POPULATIONS
Today, scientists distinguish between several ecotypes of orcas. These groups are not only geographically but also ecologically separated from each other. This means that they hunt different prey, have different hunting techniques and hardly mix genetically.
Some of the best known populations are:
1. RESIDENT ORCAS - THE "FAMILY PETS"
■ Habitat: mainly North Pacific (for example coastal regions of British Columbia and Washington State).
■ Diet: mainly fish, preferably salmon.
■ Behaviour: live in very stable, family-based pods. Female young stay with their mother for their entire lives.
■ Communication: complex dialects with many calls that reflect social cohesion.
2. TRANSIENT OR BIGG'S ORCASTHE "HUNTERS"
■ Habitat: also North Pacific, often in the same regions as resident orcas, but without contact with them.
■ Diet: Mammals such as seals, harbour porpoises and even other dolphin species.
■ Behaviour: small, flexible hunting groups that communicate quietly so as not to alert their prey.
■ Special feature: absolute separation from the resident orcas - no mixing of the groups despite identical habitats.
3. OFFSHORE ORCAS - THE "MYSTERIOUS ONES"
■ Habitat: far out in the open ocean, rarely close to the coast.
■ Diet: presumably sharks and other large fish. Analyses showed high wear on the teeth, indicating prey with hard skin or cartilage.
■ Behaviour: little researched, often large groups of 50 or more individuals.
4. ORCAS OF THE ANTARCTICSPECIALISTS IN THE ICE
At least five different ecotypes are known in the waters around Antarctica (types A to D).
■ Type A: prefers to hunt whales, for example minke whales.
■ Type B1 and B2: specialised in seal hunting, often working together by tipping ice sheets to flush seals into the water.
■ Type C and D: continue to live in the pack ice and feed mainly on fish. These types differ significantly in size, colouring and behaviour - almost as if they were different subspecies.
Separation of populations
One fascinating aspect is that these ecotypes do not reproduce with each other, although they are not too different genetically. It is a process of ecological specialisation in which the groups have developed their own traditions, hunting techniques and dialects.
You could say that culture separates animals just as much as biology.
Why diversity is important
Understanding these differences is crucial for species conservation.
Talking about "the orca population" overlooks the fact that the extinction of a single group - such as the Southern Resident Orcas in the North Pacific - is an irreversible loss. Each population plays its own role in the ecosystem and carries unique genetic and cultural knowledge.
Conclusion: Unity in diversity
Orcas are an example of the incredible diversity of marine life.
Although they look the same at first glance, each black and white fin hides its own history, culture and way of life. What they all have in common is their intelligence, their social ties and their dependence on healthy oceans.
Only if we respect these differences and protect the similarities will all orca populations continue to have a future.
Main distribution areas of orcas
EXPERTS °ORCAS
Highly intelligent top swimmers: When orcas get going, they can reach top speeds of over 50 kilometres per hour. Their average "cruising speed" is around eight kilometres per hour.
CURRENT HEADLINES ABOUT ORCAS
NEW DOCUMENTARY: ORCAS PRACTISE COORDINATED MOCK DIVES
A recent BBC nature documentary (part of the series Parenthood) shows for the first time a dramatic training session in which orcas in Australia simulate the drowning of their own young - including the technique of blocking the blowhole.
As suspected, this behaviour serves to train complex hunting strategies, for example for hunting huge prey such as blue whales.
Key message: Orcas show conscious, strategic training of hunting techniques - further evidence of their complex social organisation and ability to learn.
"LOLITA" SYMBOLIC FIGURE IN THE DEBATE ABOUT ORCA CAPTIVITY
Lolita, aka Tokitae, was a nearly 57-year-old female orca who had been held captive at the Miami Seaquarium for over five decades. Her planned transfer to a marine sanctuary in the Pacific Northwest failed. Shortly before her release, she died of kidney disease and lung problems.
Lolita's fate led to considerable criticism and symbolic power in the debate on animal husbandry, as she became the face of a global movement against the captivity of marine mammals.
Key message: Lolita was a tragic figure in the debate about the ethics and behaviour of orcas. Her hoped-for end in freedom remained unrealised, but her memory is driving important reform debates.
GROUNDBREAKING DISCOVERY: ORCAS USE TOOLS TO CARE FOR THEIR SKIN
In the Salish Sea (Pacific Northwest), it has been documented for the first time how orcas use tools: they break off pieces of bull kelp (giant seaweed) and rub them between their bodies to clean each other - a behaviour called allokelping.
The discovery was made possible by high-resolution drone images in combination with quantitative research data. This behaviour presumably plays a role in the removal of dead skin, parasite defence and at the same time strengthens social bonds - similar to known tool applications in primates.
The observed population numbers only 73 individuals and is critically endangered. Their heritage behaviours are threatened with extinction, as are the habitats of bull kelp and Chinook salmon.
Key message: For the first time, tool use for mutual grooming has been demonstrated in marine mammals. This socially and functionally important behaviour highlights the complex culture of orcas and illustrates the urgency of their protection.
EXPERTS °ORCAS
FEATURE
LENGTH
WEIGHT
BODY SHAPE
DORSAL FIN MALE
6 to 8 metres
5000 to 6000 kg strong, broad head tall, up to 1.8 m, triangular
FEMALES
5 to 7 metres
3000 to 4000 kg slimmer, more streamlined small, slightly curved, up to 1 m high
MATRIARCHAT:
THE OLDEST FEMALE IS THE BOSS OF THE GROUP. HER OFFSPRING STAY BY HER SIDE FOREVER. THE FEMALE OFFSPRING FORM A KIND OF SUBGROUP AS SOON AS THEY THEMSELVES HAVE GIVEN BIRTH TO CALVES.
Photos: Getty Images; Tobias Friedrch
A TO Z: ORCA KNOWLEDGE COMPACT
Topic
A - Adaptability
B - Boat contacts
C - Clan structure
A - Dolphin family
E - Echolocation
F - Fish hunters vs. mammal hunters
G - Captivity
H - Highly intelligent
I - Interaction with other species
J - Hunting techniques
K - Communication
L - Longevity
M - Migration
N - Food chain
O - Orientation
P - Populations
Q - Quotas and protection status
R - Ramming attacks on boats
S - Social structure
T - Camouflage
U - Subspecies?
V - Behaviour towards people
W - Worldwide distribution
X - Xenobiotics
Y - Youngsters
Z - Future
Description of the
Orcas can be found in almost all of the world's oceans and adapt their hunting behaviour to the region.
Orcas have long been considered harmless to humans; new interactions with boats are a special case.
Orcas live in matriarchal family groups (pods) with their own dialects.
Orcas are the largest members of the dolphin family.
Orcas use a sonar system for orientation, similar to bats.
Some eat fish, others seals or even sharks - depending on the population.
Keeping them in aquaria is controversial and in decline.
Orcas show culture, self-confidence and social intelligence.
They hunt sharks specifically and remove organs such as the liver.
From wave chasing to group coordination - highly developed strategies.
Orcas use complex sound patterns and have individual dialects.
Females up to over 80 years, males up to 50 to 60 years.
Some populations are sedentary, others migrate long distances.
Orcas are apex predators with no natural enemies.
In addition to echolocation, presumably also magnetic field navigation.
ecologically different ecotypes, partly genetically clearly separated.
Protected in most countries, yet environmental problems.
New observations off the Iberian Peninsula .
Family associations over generations with close ties.
The black and white pattern serves as camouflage in different perspectives.
Genetic differences indicate potential new species.
Historically no attacks on swimmers documented.
Orcas are found almost everywhere except in tropical warm waters.
High exposure to pollutants, especially PCBs.
Calves are carried for 17 months, suckling period about 2 years.
Climate change and pollutants are jeopardising their populations.
"KILLER WHALES ATTACK BOATS OFF THE IBERIAN COAST ... "
Janek Andre in an interview with TAUCHEN editor-in-chief Alexander Kaßler
"Such crude headlines are pushing the last remaining Iberian orcas to the brink of extinction ," warns Janek Andre, co-founder of the Iberian Orca Guardians Foundation.
Janek, is it possible to say for sure what is really behind the postulated, headlinegrabbing"attacks"?
No, nobody can say for sure, because unfortunately we are not orcas and cannot talk to them yet. What we do know: These are not "attacks", but interactions between a small group of orcas with boat oars and anything else that hangs in the water. The animals display very specific behaviour that is not related to aggression, but to play and social learning. Orcas in New Zealand do the same with RIB boats. If orcas wanted to attack boats, they would sink them in ten minutes.
What dangers do such headlines pose for the animals?
Headlines such as "Killer whales attack boats" create a false image and fuel fears. This can lead to dangerous counter-reactions - from panic at sea to demands for "control" or even "removal" of the animals. This is exactly where we come in: We want to inform and correct public perception.
What scientific findings have you already been able to gather about this local orca population?
The Iberian orca population consists of only around 35 animals. It is therefore acutely threatened with extinction. We know that they are closely associated with the bluefin tuna, their main prey, and that their social structure is characterised by strong family ties. We were also able to collect valuable data on individuals and their behaviour through photo-ID, underwater recordings and acoustic recordings.
What needs to be done to protect this population?
We need a combination of strict habitat protection, regulation of shipping traffic, sustainable tuna fishing and a ban on invasive research methods such as LIMPET satellite telemetry, which only further stresses the animals and can even lead to their death through infection.
Just as important, however, is a change in the public narrative: orcas must no longer be portrayed as "aggressive predators", but as what they are - a highly intelligent, endangered population that
deserves our compassion and protection.
What are the chances of success?
It's a race against time. But we have examples that give us hope - such as the recovery of humpback whale populations after the whaling ban. If the right measures are taken now, it's not too late.
Your work is not just about collecting scientific data. Feel free to outline the entire spectrum of the Foundation.
In addition to research and monitoring, we are also heavily involved in education: lectures, school programmes, media work and social media. We are building an international community of "Orca Guardians" and carry out direct educational work in Spain and Germany. We are also involved in cultural activities, such as art projects and documentaries that raise awareness of orcas as part of Andalusia's and Europe's natural and cultural heritage.
Have there been any successes to report since you founded?
Yes, we have strongly influenced the public debate in Spain and beyond. We were able to draw the attention of the media and politicians to the risks of the animals becoming extinct and gain our first supporters in politics. In addition, our community is growing rapidly - a clear signal that many people are behind the orcas. It was particularly significant that the orca has now been recognised as cultural heritage in the local community in Barbate. And the reach of my co-founder Sarah Connor in Germany has changed the narrative considerably - away from the headline "aggressive attacker" to a broad public perception that these animals deserve protection and empathy.
How useful is it, and how did it come about, that Sarah Connor became part of the project?
Sarah Connor felt a very personal connection with the fate of the orcas. She is my co-founder of the Iberian Orca Guardians Foundation and is therefore fully involved in the project. Her reach is extremely helpful in raising awareness. This is hugely valuable because it brings our messages to people we would otherwise never reach.
How can support you as an individual?
You can share our campaigns, donate to support our work or speak positively about the orcas and help change the narrative. If you want to be more
active, you can become an ambassador and be part of our educational work or volunteer - both with prior application. Every contribution, big or small, makes a difference for these last Iberian orcas we have in the European Union.
FURTHER INFORMATION: https://iberian-orca-guardians.org
Janek Andre and Sarah Connor founded the "Iberian Orca Guardians Foundation" in November 2024.
HABITS & NEW YEAR'S RESOLUTIONS
As a multiple record holder and relaxation trainer, our author Nik Linder is a sought-after expert when it comes to achieving goals in a relaxed manner. Find out here how to do this and what is really important in the end.
T Nik Linder
Photo: Holger Hambrecht
A world record also arose from an idea and followed smaller intermediate goals.
I've been writing a diarysince 2020. Until then, I envied people who regularly took a few minutes to write down their thoughts. My cousin Petra was one such person, and when I spent time with her, I would go home with the resolution "I'm going to do that too". But after a few days, the enthusiasm fadednot least because I didn't know what to write down. Many years later, during the coronavirus pandemic, I did start keeping a diary and doing a push-up challenge with my children. At first I barely managed five, but after a few months I managed 50, by which time my children had long since given up.
Habits
I continue to do both to this day. My arms haven't got any thicker. But my posture has improved and the back pain has disappeared. I write a few lines in my diary every day. Both only cost me ten to 15 minutes - valuable time for me, even in stressful phases. At the end of the year, I started writing down goals for the next year. But on New Year's Eve, I realised that I had hardly achieved anything. In hindsight, the resolutions weren't that important because I had achieved other things. Studies show: Some people need six weeks, others hundreds of repetitions before a habit becomes a matter of course. The right formulation of the goal is often crucial.
SMARTE goals
I was also one of those people who signed up to the gym, bought the outfit and made big plans - only to soon realise that it was boring. The "SMART" method is more promising: goals should be specific, measurable, accepted, realistic and time-bound.
Hold your breath for five minutes
Today I hold my breath for over six and a half minutes. However, I am particularly proud of my first five-minute attempt. I was the best in my training group for a long time - until Christophe turned up and mana-
ged four minutes. That awakened my ambition. I continued to train secretly until I reached five minutes. We spurred each other on and steadily improved. It was this competition that really kept me going.
The void after a record
I trained for months for my first world record under ice. Everything revolved around it. When I achieved it, it was a load off my mind. But I hardly felt any joy, more emptiness. After that, life caught up with me. Nevertheless, I broke more apnoea records: they gave my actions meaning and I wanted to fulfil my potential.
The 72-hour rule
I have always followed the 72-hour rule: if I am enthusiastic about an idea, I take the first step within this time. Studies show that otherwise the chances of realisation drop rapidly.
Photos: Phil Simha
My motivation to hold my breath underwater for five minutes was huge. I was able to achieve this goal after just a few weeks.
Dietary changes are also easier if they are limited in time.
"Try to become a better version of yourself every day"
As a breathing and relaxation trainer, I give many talks on the subject of "Relaxed success". Conscious breathing in particular is Relax and immerse yourself in another world.
an easy way to reduce stress - it can be used anywhere and is very effective. But do we really have to use every break to become even more productive? Perhaps it's not more optimisation that makes us happier, but allowing ourselves to take breaks.
Maybe you just go diving
I believe that you can change your life. A trigger or the realisation that you have potential is often enough. It is important to take the initial momentum with you, but also to remain realistic. After a few weeks, effort becomes routine.
But perhaps you should also ask yourself whether you're not already okay the way you are. Instead of overloading yourself with tasks, you could simply do what makes you happy - for example, diving. Underwater, we enter a world far removed from everyday life, move freely and enjoy the moment. This oasis can be an indoor swimming pool, a quarry pond or a holiday in Egypt. Sign up - preferably within 72 hours.
Little effort, great effect: breathing exercises.
HEY DOC, DOES THIS MAKE ME FIT TO DIVE?
In this column, we answer readers' questions about diving fitness. This instalment is about diving with COPD .
T Dr Dr Philipp Stahl, Deputy Medical
Director
MHW/aqua med Medical Board
Hey doc, I've been complaining about an increasing cough for the past six months. The lung doctor has now diagnosed me with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Up until the diagnosis, I smoked a lot. I would now like to try to give it up. Can I continue diving? Where can I get a diving licence?
Alongside cardiovascular diseases such as
coronary heart disease (see TAUCHEN issue 11/2025) and metabolic diseases such as type II diabetes mellitus (see TAUCHEN issue 6/25), chronic respiratory diseases are among the most common chronic health problems in western industrialised nations. Of relevance to diving medicine is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a progressive disease with global significan-
ce: according to the WHO, it affects more than 210 million people and is the third most common cause of death with more than 3.2 million deaths per year. The main cause is smoking, which is responsible for the development of the disease in over 90 per cent of cases.
Like bronchial asthma, COPD is characterised by chronic inflammation of the
Photo: shutterstock
bronchial tubes, but with irreversible airway obstruction.Itleadstoanarrowingoftheairways,whichiscaused by an inflammatory thickening of the bronchial walls and increased mucus production. It also leads to over-inflation of the alveoli in the form of pulmonary emphysema, which is accompanied by a loss of functionalgasexchangesurfaces.The elastic restoring force of the lungs also decreases, which further impairs respiratory mechanics. As a result, an increasing lack of oxygen (hypoxia) develops, which in advanced stages can be accompanied by an excess of carbon dioxide (hypercapnia).
The main symptoms are a chronic cough with sputum production, shortness of breath on exertion and an increasing reduction in physical performance as the disease progresses. Women are now affected just as often as men - an effect of the convergence of smoking behaviour.
Fitness for diving with COPD
The question of fitness to dive often arises after initial diagnosis, especially in older divers. As a general rule, COPD is a contraindication to diving at all clinical stages, especially if emphysema or measurable airway obstruction is proven. Various complications can occur when diving. Air trapping can prevent air trapped in the alveoli from escaping during ascent, which can lead to a ruptured lung (pneumothorax). Such pulmonary barotrauma also harbours the risk of arterial gas embolism(AGE),inwhichairbubblesenterthearterial circulation. If these gas embolisms reach the brain, spinal cord or heart muscle, this can have life-threatening consequences. There is also a risk of hypoxia under stress: due to the limited oxygen uptake, increased physical exertion under water can lead to acute breathlessnessandpanic.
International professional organisations (UHMS, SPUMS, EUBS, GTÜM) largely agree on the suitability of COPD for diving. COPD with emphysema or proven obstruction is an absolute contraindication to diving. If, on the other hand, chronic bronchitis without
obstruction is present, relative fitness to dive may exist in individual cases, provided the lung function tests are unremarkable. The GTÜM recommends close followup in such cases. Lung function diagnostics are fundamental: spirometry and, if necessary, body plethysmography are essential for any assessment. A one-second capacity (FEV1) of less than 80 per cent or significant hyperinflation clearly rule out fitness to dive. A history of pneumothorax is also an absolute contraindication, as a history of spontaneous pneumothorax represents a high risk according to all guidelines. Comorbidities such as coronary heart disease or diabetes mellitus must also be taken into account, as they further increase the risk when diving.
Epidemiological relevance for the diving population
As the number of older recreational divers increases, so does the incidence of chronic diseases such as COPD. In screening programmes, up to five percent of diving medicine candidates were found to have a relevant airway obstruction. In view of the high number of undiagnosed cases of COPD, consistent lung function testing as part of the diving fitness examination is essential.
Conclusion
COPD is one of the most common and deadliest chronic diseases worldwide, with smoking as the main risk factor. Pathophysiological changes such as emphysema and obstruction significantly increase the risk of serious, potentially fatal diving accidents. International guidelines regard COPD with obstruction or emphysema as an absolute contraindication. For divers with COPD, the risk of barotrauma and arterial gas embolism is so high that diving is not responsible.
In the case of the reader's question above, it is therefore no longer medically justifiable to continue diving. Only chronic bronchitis with normal lung function can be compatible with diving in individual cases, and a relative fitness to dive can be discussed - always under the close supervision of a doctor experienced in diving medicine.
is a specialist in internal medicine, emergency medicine, diving medicine, travel medicine
aqua med is the medical emergency call centre for divers and can look back on over 20 years of experience in medical assistance. Behind the well-known brand is the dedicated team at Medical Helpline Worldwide (MHW) in Bremen. Whether it's organising an ambulance, providing a hyperbaric chamber in an emergency or personal medical advice - the team of assistants and doctors is there for divers around the clock.
In our new column "Hey doc, am I fit to dive with this?" aqua med is now answering medical questions about diving fitness. Dr Dr Philipp Stahl, deputy medical director at aqua med, will be leading this column and is looking forward to answering readers' questions and providing well-founded insights Send us your questions to : redaktion@tauchen.de, keyword "Hey Doc".
DR DR PHILIPP STAHL, MHW/ AQUA MED MEDICAL BOARD
THE WORLD OF
T Benjamin Schulze
NUDIBRANCHS
Spectacularly coloured, sometimes only a few millimetres in size and usually brightly coloured: Nudibranchs are the superstars of macro photography - and the nightmares of every quick identification. If you understand their structural plans and don't just look at the colour, you can still reliably classify many species.
The term "nudibranchs" is used to summarise various groups of houseless marine snails. Internationally, they are known as nudibranchs (from the Latin nudus = naked and branchia = gills). The name aptly describes what characteri-
ses them: open, freely visible gills instead of a protective shell. Most important for divers are dorids and aeolids. Dorids carry a tuft of gills on the back and have lateral mantle edges, often with small bumps. Aeolids have no visible dorsal gills, but rather finger-shaped, often brightly coloured cerata on their backs, in which they store ingested cnidarian capsules of their prey.
Cerata are the "dorsal processes" of many nudibranchs - conspicuous, beautiful and biologically highly specialised. There are also other conspicuous groups such as phyllidiids with warty upper sides or egg-eating species with reduced mouthparts. Despite the explosion of colour, the same applies here as so often in identification: shape beats colour.
The destination under water?
The most important step is to "read" the body structure. Where are the rhinophores located? These are the front, usually paired antennae of a nudibranch - their "noses" under water, so to speak. How are they shaped, can a gill ring be recognised, are cerata present, is the surface smooth, granular or warty? Also make a note of the microhabitat: does the animal live on sponges, bryozoans, small cnidarians (hydrozoans), soft corals or algae?
Many nudibranchs are food specialists. The substrate is therefore often the best indication of the species. Photo tips: Keep calm, work with soft lighting and low focus light to avoid stress. Macro shots with oblique light show the surface structure, rhinophores and gills best. A second shot from above documents the cerata distribution or the gill ring.
Enjoy colour with caution
Colour patterns are attractive but deceptive. Strongly varying colour morphs occur within a species, and several species can resemble each other. Therefore, use colour as a support, not a guide. Anatomical features are more reliable: Rhinophore shape (smooth, longitudinally grooved, lamellate), gill structure, cerata shape, mantle margin and surface relief Note size, depth, time of day and behaviour; many species are crepuscular or nocturnal.
Ecological information
Most nudibranchs are specialised predators. Dorids often eat sponges or bryozoans, aeolids often eat hydrozoans or anemones, some species live on soft corals or gorgonians. Recognising the prey is half the battle. Many species absorb toxins or cnidarian capsules from their food and use them for defence. Bright warning colours are a common signal Egg clutches are characteristically rolled or ribbon-shaped; the discovery of eggs near an animal supports a classification.
Risk of confusion: Nudibranch or flatworm?
At firt glance, nudibranchs and flatworms look similar - both are flat, colourful and glide over the ground. But biologically they are completely different:
Nudibranchs belong to the molluscs and have a clearly recognisable head region with two pairs of antennae (rhinophores and mouth palps), a muscular foot and usually visible gills or cerata on the back. Flatworms (turbellarians), on the other hand, are simple, wormlike animals without a shell, gills or antennae. Their body is extremely thin, they move in waves and can lay themselves tightly over surfaces. Small black eye dots are often recognisable on the front. MNEMONIC: If antennae or gills are visible - nudibranch. If the body is wafer-thin, wavy and without recognisable appendages - flatworm.
Tools online and offline
A writing tablet and macro photos are the best help when travelling Identific tion books, image databases and community platforms with a search function, regional identification maps and apps with AI support are suitable for identification.
A flatworm - flat, without gills, typical undulating movement. But it is not a species of nudibranch and is not closely related.
1) Hypselodoris with lamellar rhinophores and finemantle margin pattern - typical dorid with visible gill crest.
2) Flabellina with densely standing cerata - typical aeolid silhouette; the cerata contain ingested cnidarian capsules.
3) Phyllidia varicosa with strong warty upper side and contrasting colour patches - no gill ring structure visible, sponge eater.
4) Bornella: branched appendages and conspicuous rhinophores characterise the dendronotid form.
5) Costasiella kuroshimae: tiny sucking snail with green cerata, a classic of super macro photography.
Preview part 6: Crabs, prawns & co.
Next, we turn our attention to the crustacean camouflage artists. We show how pincer shape, eye position, carapace and lifestyle help with identifiction - from cleaner shrimps to Mantis shrimps. And afterwards: Part 7: Sponges & sedentary animals - Who lives there?
FOCUS
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INVISIBLE LIGHT FOR CLEAR UNDERWATER SHOTS
The new AL1200NP-IR from the BigBlue brand is an infrared lamp with a 940 nm beam and four brightness levels. Thanks to the narrow beam angle of 85 degrees and an S.O.S. function. The infrared light is invisible to the human eye and thus enables observations and recordings with underwater camera systems without disturbing marine life. The light is waterproof to 100 metres, is powered by a rechargeable 18650 lithium-ion battery and displays the battery status via a push-button switch. A dry bag is included in the scope of delivery. Price: 189 Euro
POWER FOR PHOTO AND VIDEO UNDER WATER
The new Retra Maxi combines a powerful flash unit and video light in a robust hybrid system. With a guide number of 46, a colour temperature of 5800 K and an optional 6000 lumen ultra-wide-angle video lamp, it delivers impressive light output and flexibility for every underwater shot. Thanks to the combination of flash and 110-degree video light, both photos and videos can be taken in brilliant quality. The Retra Maxi offers short charging times of less than two seconds, over 550 flashes on a single charge and LED-illuminated controls for night dives. Firmware updates and settings can be conveniently controlled via Bluetooth and the Retra UWT app. Price: 1,179 Euro
FOCUS ° LENSES
CLOSER?
LONG LIVE THE NORMAL LENS!
"If your pictures aren't good enough, you weren't close enough" - this is the famous quote from photography legend Robert Capa. There's a catch: If only it were that easy underwater! But with the right lens it at least looks that way.
Animportant factor in wildlife photography is the escape distance. Although completely unknown to slugs and snails, most other animals know exactly at what point it becomes uncomfortable for them. The result: they take flight early. So it's best not to get too close to some critters in the first place. The only problem is that they then become much smaller in the picture. And that's not the only problem. With the exception of the short distances between the nudibranchs, floating particles have an effect on every photo. Those that drift in the current and, even more annoyingly, those that we stir up ourselves. Carefully approaching the subject is the key to a photo without snow flurries, because a good underwater picture is almost always taken with a flash. Which brings us to the second important point about distance from the subject.
Closer only thanks to the focal length: distance to the manta two metres, to the shark even three metres. Important: sufficient flash light.
T & F Frank Schneider
At a distance of around 80 centimetres, the perspective is compressed: Everything appears closer to the viewer. This also brings the diver and lionfish even closer together.
I regularly hear the question "Which camera do you use underwater and which lenses do you use?". Rarely, however, does the curiosity revolve around the light engines of the photo system. This always surprises me, because it is well known that they are (almost) the most important factor in underwater photography, as they are the only ones that provide colour. And only within certain distances. Because physics is above all else. Red disappears as soon as the light path between the source (whether sun or power flash) to the subject and then to the camera is more than three metres. Red corals two metres away from the camera and flash are still orangebrownish at best. This is the reason for using wideangle lenses, which allow short distances, thus capturing many colours and also a lot of surroundings. Nevertheless, the possibilities of other lenses such as standard lenses on compact cameras are hardly less versatile compared to extreme wide-angle lenses. After all, red is not always involved.
The narrow angle of view of standard lenses often allows distances beyond the flight distance when photographing animals, but still conveys a great proximity. A plus point if the flash light is sufficient for the distance. Animals such as small and large groupers, rays and even schooling fish are ideally suited for this. If not too many floating particles are stirred up when approaching, excellent pictures can be taken with these lenses. And this applies to animals of almost any size.
Let's be honest: how often does a shark pass in front of your camera at such a short distance that it is sufficiently large in the picture with the wideangle lens? And how close do you even want to get? Focal lengths between 35 and 50 millimetresespecially zoom lenses in this range - are also perfect for such shots. Another reason: the proportions of the animal are less distorted. This makes the subject appear incredibly close to the viewer. In general, I consider these lenses to be ideal, especially at cleaning stations. A head portrait of a giant ray with a normal focal length? An eye-catcher par excellence.
Conclusion: Depending on the subject, "get closer" does not necessarily refer to the physical distance. Give your standard lens a chance more often. Light is important - and the attitude "Never give up!"
T & F Martin Strmiska
MAGICAL ENCOUNTER
Our photo pro reveals how to get this manati split shot.
Manatees live in the coastal waters of the Gulf of Mexico, but often venture into freshwater springs that are connected to the sea. Unlike their closest relative, the dugong, they can live in both fresh and salt water. In winter, when the water temperatures in the Gulf fall below 20 degrees, the animals seek out the warm springs whose water bubbling up from the ground remains constant. This is when encounters with manatees are reliably possible - a photographer's dream that opens up fantastic opportunities for exceptional shots. Probably the best place for these unique encounters is Crystal River in Florida, especially the legendary Three Sisters Springs. But as easy as a manatee portrait may seem, it is difficult to create an image that stands out from the crowd. As the animals live very close to the surface of the water, the landscape visible above water plays just as important a role as the underwater scene.
OUR EXPERT
MARTIN STRMISKA has been photographing the wonders of the underwater world for years and passes on his experience. He has already won several prizes and awards for his photographs (aquasphere.sk).
RECORDING DATA
Location: Three Sisters Springs, Crystal River, Florida/USA
Date: February 2019
Camera: Nikon D800, Sigma 15 mm
Housing: Seacam housing, Seacam 9'' Superdome
Flash: natural light only
Preparation and choice of provider
To have the best chance of undisturbed encounters, careful planning is crucial. The best place to stay is in the immediate vicinity of the dock from which the boats depart for the manatee tours. Small companies that only take a few snorkellers at a time offer the best conditions - an exclusive boat for your own group is ideal. Setting off early in the morning allows you to be at the springs before sunrise and to be the first into the water. A full five-millimetre wetsuit with bonnet and weight belt ensures warmth and comfort. Professional photographers should not identify themselves as such, as rangers pay particular attention to them, which can severely restrict their freedom of movement.
Respectful behaviour in the protected area
The Three Sisters Springs are strictly protected and rangers monitor all activities. Two rules are particularly challenging for photographers: classic freediving, where the fins break the surface of the water, is prohibited, as are flashes fired closer than two metres from the animal. If you overle-
ad yourself slightly, you can still descend gently without visibly breaking the rules. If you position yourself in front of a manatee, the animal will often approach by itself when it comes up for air. The best shots are taken in natural light, which falls softly through the surface of the water and makes flash units superfluous.
Understanding animal behaviour
A good understanding of the animals' behaviour is crucial. On very cold days, they gather in large numbers in the springs. However, these are then often closed to snorkellers. During high tide, the manatees stay in the spring. At low tide, they have to go out to avoid getting stuck in the shallows. Those who recognise these patterns can position themselves optimally: Just before the animals leave the spring, it is worth waiting at the entrance to the channel. The manatees come very close there. It is particularly exciting when they are in the outer channel. Here, animals and people mingle freely, the rules are relaxed and photographers can get active. Patience pays offespecially if you find a mother and calf and
wait for the moment when they appear together or curiously seek contact.
Technology and camera settings
A DSLR or high-quality mirrorless camera with a fisheye lens behind a large dome port is best suited for perfect split shots. Alternatively, ultra-wide-angle zooms between 10 and 20 millimetres are ideal. The dome port stabilises the waterline and compensates for differences in depth of field between the above and underwater areas.
A fast shutter speed between 1/125 and 1/200 second is recommended in order to obtain sharp images even when moving. An aperture between f10 and f13 ensures sufficient depth of field. The ISO value is adjusted depending on the light: sunny ISO200-320, cloudy up to ISO800. Before shooting, you should take test shots and continuously adjust the settings to the changing light conditions.
Clean technology in shallow water
As manatees often live in shallow water, it is better to seek a firm footing instead of swimming. This keeps the camera steady and prevents sediment from being stirred up. The exposure should be constantly checked and corrected immediately if the lighting conditions change. A common problem is water droplets on the dome port ruining the upper part of the image. To prevent this, the dome port should always remain completely wet. Before each shot, the housing is submerged and then immediately brought into the shooting position. An even layer of water remains for two to three seconds before it dissolves into drops - then the process is repeated.
EBV: "Highlights" down, "Shadows" up. Not much more was done to the picture afterwards. Shooting sketch: Closer is hardly possible.
YOUR FAVOURITE PHOTOS
IN NOVEMBER
Every month, TAUCHEN.DE organises a new photo competition in which every underwater photographer can take part. You decide who wins.
PLACE 1
PLACE 2
PLACE 3
PHOTO VOTING WHAT YOU CAN WIN
The new Camaro poncho can be personalised with an embroidered name on request.
THE PRIZES! For the WINNER OF THE JURY'S EVALUATION: a poncho from Camaro with an incredible wearing comfort. Thanks to the 100% zero-twist cotton, it is super soft and dries quickly. Ideal for quickly throwing on after diving, or when the day at the beach ends with a campfie. Suitable for the beach, boat, surf and warm summer nights on the beach. Available in three colours (blue/grey/baia) and in the sizes Regular (poncho - for adults) and Longer (long poncho - for adults).
JURY
1ST PLACE
MAKR HAMBERGER
"SUNNY BLUE "
TAKEN WITH A SONY ALPHA7 R5 IN FRONT OF THE AZORES ISLAND OF PICO/PORTUGAL.
1/160 sec, f9, ISO250
The WINNER OF THE READER VOTE can look forward to the practical "Smarty Multi Tool" from Mares (mares.com). This useful little helper combines a bottle opener, Allen key, various hexagon spanners and a screwdriver in one tool (10 cm). Value: 29 euros.
TAKE PART! Our reader photo voting is open to all UW photographers - regardless of camera model and image subject! You can upload your photo to www.tauchen.de for a whole month (www.tauchen.de/foto-voting/teilnehmen). In the following month, the vote will take place, to which all users are invited. In addition, a jury, of which editor-in-chief Alexander Kaßler is a member, will select a monthly winner. The jury winner will receive a diving suit from Camaro as a prize (see above). Why don't you just have a look!
TAUCHEN says: A photo that couldn't be a better ambassador for blue sharks. An invitation to visit and observe these marvellous animals in exactly this environment. Impeccably crafted. Great use of fill flash and inclusion of the ambient light. Well-deserved readers' choice.
2ND PLACE
MIKE EYET
"TICKET TO RIDE "
TAKEN WITH A NIKON Z8 OFF TULAMBEN/BALI IN INDONESIA.
1/180 sec, f38, ISO400
TAUCHEN says: Two people probably deserve a lot of praise here. The guide who found the motif and the photographer who knew how to realise it in a first-class way. A macro portrait that has been made even better by EBV. Focussed on the main subject and "fading" into the dark background - great scene, good exposure, good detail.
3RD PLACE
CHRISTOPH DÖRNEMANN
"THE SMASHER "
TAKEN WITH A SONY RX100MK5A IN THE LEMBEH STRAIT/INDONESIA.
1/1000 sec., f11, ISO80
TAUCHEN says: This unbelievable sharpness, in which even the smallest hairs of the mantis shrimp can be recognised, is unique. The moment captured, the good exposure and excellent processing in EBV -great!
JURY
CHRIS WORTMANN
"FACE TO FACE WITH A PIPFISH "
TAKEN WITH AN OLYMPUS O-M1 MKII OFF LEMBEH/INDONESIA.
1/200 sec., f22, ISO200
TAUCHEN says: A textbook shot. Focus on the eyes and you're halfway there. The haunting gaze tells stories. The play of colours between coloured and black creates a contrast that literally forces you to look. The good exposure, which decreases towards the unimportant picture elements, once again centres the gaze on the eye area. Simply superb, a great picture to print out and hang up.
Ihre Tauchbasis oder Ihr Hotel bestens präsentiert im
DIVE MARKET
Breite x Höhe 56 x 105 mm nur € 300,- pro Anzeige
Ihre Ansprechpartnerin für Anzeigen: Tanja Karg dispo@tauchen.de +49 (0) 89 55 241-222
familiäre Atmosphäre traumhafte Riffe wie Panorama, Abu Kafen & Tobia Arba deutschsprachiges Team täglich Bootstauchen á 2 TG Hausriff mit Schildkröten
Flug, Hotel, Transfer & Tauchen TAUCHREISEN WELTWEIT
ÄGYPTEN MEXIKO SRI LANKA KENIA Safaga, Marsa Alam, El Quseir, Sinai, Tauchsafari Süd-Tour 26 Socorro, Cabo San Lucas, San José del Cabo Bentota, Passikudah Watamu
Safaga Tauchreise inkl. Flug, 4*Hotel HP, Transfer & Tauchen ab 680 €
ZU DEN TAUCHREISEN www.volkert-touristik.de 09357/97490
35 Jahre Nero Sport
In gemütlicher Atmosphäre familienfreundliches Tauchen im Ionischen Meer erleben.
Maldives times three - dived from land and by boat: We were guests at on the liveaboard "Spirit of Maldives" and visited the two resort islands of Olhuveli and Dhigurah .
Egypt: The Mövenpick Resort El Quseir celebrates its 30th anniversary. Our authors were once again on site.
Mauritius: island dreams and the sea. Our author and photographer Timo Dersch reports on what you can experience on site.
REPORTAGE
On a treasure hunt off the Croatian coast: how German divers sacrifice their holidays for science.
IMPRINT
Address Editorial office & publisher
JAHR Artopé Media GmbH & Co. KG
TAUCHEN
Management: Alexandra Jahr, Philip-A. Artopé
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Phone: 089/5 52 41-0, Fax: 089/5 52 41-2 44
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Art Director: Achim Matschiner
Editors: Lars Brinkmann, Benjamin Schulze
Freelancers: Tobias Friedrich, Heike Gehrmann, Rose & Udo Kefrig, Dr Florian Huber, Barbara & Wolfgang Pölzer, Martin Strmiska
Valid advertising price list: Price list 2025 from 1 November 2024
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