Climate variability and extreme events are some of the most pressing environmental challenges occurring in the contemporary world. Farming communities in Sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in arid and semi-arid areas are more vulnerable to climate vulnerability and extremesdue to high dependence on rain-fed agriculture. There is little understanding of factors influencing farmers’ vulnerability to climate variability and extremes at household level in arid and semi-arid parts of Kenya. This study analyzed farmers’ vulnerability to climate variability and extremes in arid and semi-arid parts of Kitui County, Kenya. The study utilized data collected from 341 households from Yuku, Kaveta, Kauwi and Kasaini sub-locations located in four different agro-ecological zones. Descriptive survey was used and purposive sampling method applied in identifying the sub-locations of study. Proportionate sampling was used to select the number of households to be interviewed in each sub-location and systematic sampling used to se