Lebanese poet and writer Mustafa Ghalayeeni...
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like Muhammad Abduh (1849-1905) and Sayyid Morsafi (AD 1931), and beside strengthening the spirit of faith and piety, he could make many achievements in learning various Arabic sciences. After finishing his studies at AlAzhar and the death of his teacher, Muhammad Abduh, he returned to Beirut where influenced by the corrective and disciplinary perspectives of Abduh and others, he dedicated his scientific achievements to the education and training of the youth in his hometown. (See: Al-Dasvaqi, 1999: 33 onwards). For 20 years, Ghalayeeni was engaged in education and training in many schools in Beirut and beside teaching Arab sciences such as grammar, Arooz (poetic meters), vocabulary and others, he rubbed shoulders with Lebanese political figures and analyzed the country's political issues. As a religious nationalist and freedom-seeker, he began his struggle against Ottoman political tyranny during the rule of Sultan Abdul Hamid. Following the approval of the 1908 Act to strengthen the ruling base of the Ottoman Empire, Ghalayeeni joined the "Unity and Development" party and participated in street protests against Ottoman tyranny and addressing the Ottoman caliph in an ode called "Al-Fowz Al-Mobin", so he wrote: Translation: 1 - You shed the blood of the innocent with your betrayal to fortify a government whose pillars are destroyed. 2 - Where is the oath that you took in allegiance with the people? Did you materialize the aspirations of the nation which rested on your shoulders? (Journal Al-Nebras, 1909: 232) The release of "Al-Nebras" in 1909 was among