Health Quarterly July 2021
Special Supplement to the
July 2021 HEALTH QUARTERLY
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4 Common Reasons People Lose Their Hair Shedding a small amount of hair each day is normal. In fact, minor hair loss often is a sign that the body is growing new, healthy hair to replace old hair. But there may be cause for concern when more than 100 hairs per day are caught in the bristles of a brush or at the bottom of the shower drain. If a person is suddenly seeing more scalp or if hair feels less thick than it once did, he or she may be losing more hair than is normal, according to Francesca Fusco, M.D., a dermatologist and assistant clinical professor of dermatology at Mount Sinai. Getting to the root of the problem may take some time, but people can learn about common causes of hair loss to determine what might be the issue.
Stress The National Institutes of Health reports that long-term or chronic stress puts people at risk for a number of health problems, including hair loss. A Harvard University study led by Dr. Ya-Chieh Hsu found increased corticosterone levels secreted by adrenal glands that occurred from mild to moderate stress affected hair regrowth in mice. Stress caused hair to gray or fall out in mice, and further study is needed to determine if there is a similar connection in humans.
Genetics
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Both men and women are susceptible to hair loss due to genetics. The American Academy of Dermatology says hair loss is more likely to affect men along the hairline. In women, hair loss is usually concentrated at the crown of the head, especially noticeable at the hair part. There is no way to prevent this type of hair loss, but there are topical treatments that may slow down hair loss and make hair appear fuller longer.
Hormones Hair loss can result from hormonal changes that occur when going on or off hormonal birth control methods or changing products. In addition, pregnancy causes surges in estrogen that cause hair to grow rapidly without falling out. However, after pregnancy, hair patterns return to normal growth cycles and mild to intense hair shedding for a few months may occur. Vitamin deficiency or overabundance According to the AAD, overconsumption of supplements that contain vitamin A or certain medications may trigger hair loss. People who are not getting enough protein also may experience unwanted hair loss, as might those who have low iron levels. Hair loss can be unsettling. Though it’s often natural, certain instances of hair loss should be brought to the attention of a physician.
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Has My Hearing Changed? Article Submitted By: Central IL Hearing Someone coming into our clinic for a hearing check-up will often say, “I think my hearing has gotten worse”. Our examination may find little or no change in hearing sensitivity or understanding words in quiet. Can your hearing change even when your hearing test results look the same?
Hearing in older adults Our auditory system changes in other ways as
we get older. These changes are separate from any loss of hearing sensitivity. One change is the slowing of the speed our nerves send signals to the brain. Another change is how our brain processes those nerve signals. In other words, it’s not just our ears, it’s also our brain.
with normal hearing often complain of having difficulty if people talk fast, in noisy conditions or in groups of people. This phenomenon called “hidden hearing loss” and difficult to diagnose with a conventional hearing exam without doing deep neural testing.
“Can hearing change even if my test results are the same?”
“Can Hearings aids help?”
As a result, adults over the age of 50 years of age don’t understand speech as easily in difficult listening situations when compared to younger adults. That’s why older adults
Aging can affect our hearing in ways other than a change in hearing sensitivity. Our brains capacity to process speech in complex situations will slow. Hearing aids may reduce or minimize these effects by stimulating the
auditory system and keeping our brains actively involved in hearing. It has been proven to slow the progression of dementia, anxiety and social withdrawal. For those without a loss of hearing sensitivity, communication strategies such as lip reading, reducing background noise and avoiding noisy situations. Communication is also a two-way street. Speakers need to get the listeners attention, avoid speaking from a distance or other rooms or starting a conversation and then turn away from the listener. For a person with a hearing impairment, listening is hard. Don’t make more difficult for them.
Cord Blood Awareness Month: What Is Cord Blood Banking? Article Submitted By SIU Medicine July is National Cord Blood Awareness Month and we’re celebrating by spreading the word about cord blood.
What is Cord Blood Banking? Cord blood banking is the process of collecting blood from the umbilical cord after the baby is delivered. This blood is collected into a kit provided by the cord blood banking company. Your obstetrician performs the collection. It is collected from the umbilical cord after the umbilical cord is cut. There is no harm or pain caused to the baby or the mother. In order for parents to have cord blood banking performed, they would need to order the kit from the cord blood bank and bring it with them to the hospital for delivery. They should discuss it with their obstetrician beforehand so that appropriate preparations can be made and questions answered. There are several companies that provide cord blood banking. There are public and private banks. We recommend the use of a public bank. In a public
bank, the umbilical cord blood could be used by other families that have a child who needs an umbilical cord blood transplant. In a private bank it can only be used by the family who collected it. There is a much higher chance of it being used to help someone in a public bank. A public bank is less expensive and there may be no long-term cost. In a private bank a family would need to be pay a yearly fee for storage of the blood. We routinely perform delayed cord clamping for the benefit of baby. In delayed cord clamping there may be less blood available for banking but it is still possible to collect enough to be used for banking. Umbilical cord blood can be used for hereditary metabolic disorders, blood malignancies or cancers, and genetic disorders of the blood and immune system. It cannot be used on the child from which it was collected because the cord blood would contain the same genetic abnormalities or malignancies that are being treated. Therefore, it could be used on siblings or other family members if stored in a private
bank or for other children from other families if stored in a public bank. If you have more questions about cord blood
banking, call SIU Medicine at 217-545-8000 to set up an appointment with an obstetrician.
Article & Photos Submitted By: SIU Medicine
July 2021 HEALTH QUARTERLY
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How To Eat To Improve Your Energy Levels A little extra energy during the day could benefit just about anyone. Late morning mental fatigue and the post-lunch yawns may seem unavoidable, but there are plenty of ways to improve energy levels throughout the day. One such means to getting an extra hop in your step involves utilizing food. The health care experts at Kaiser Permanente® note that every part of the body, including the brain and heart, require energy to work. The body gets that energy from food. According to the National Health Service, the publicly funded health care system of the United Kingdom, a healthy, balanced diet is the best way to maintain sufficient energy levels throughout the day. A dietary approach rooted in eating to energize can change the way people eat, potentially helping them avoid unhealthy foods that won’t give them the boost they need. The American Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics echoes the sentiments of the NHS, noting that eating better is an effective way to improve energy levels. The AAND also rec-
ommends additional strategies for people looking to foods to provide an energy boost. · Eat every three to four hours. The AAND notes that eating every three to four hours helps to fuel a healthy metabolism. This approach also can prevent the between-meal hunger pangs that compel many people to reach for whatever food is readily available, even if it’s unhealthy. When eating every three to four hours, remember to prepare smaller portions than you would if you were eating three meals per day. The AAND points out that feeling comfortably full but not stuffed is a good indicator that you’ve eaten enough. · Aim for balance. A balanced plate should include foods from multiple food groups. The AAND notes that even a small amount of fat can find its way onto your plate, which should include a combination of whole grains, lean protein, fiber-rich fruits and vegetables, and fat-free or low-fat dairy. If that’s too much for a single sitting, ensure these food groups are represented on your plate at some point during the day. · Avoid added sugars. Added sugars can adversely affect
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energy levels. In addition, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention notes that consuming too many added sugars, which are found in sugar-sweetened beverages like soda and iced tea and sweet snacks like candy, increases a person’s risk for obesity, type 2 diabetes and heart disease. The AAND notes that the energy provided by foods with added sugars is typically misleading, as it wears off quickly and ultimately leads to an energy crash. If you’re looking to eat and drink for energy, then choose water or low-fat milk instead of coffee and soda and replace sweet snacks with fruit. · Choose the right snacks. The AAND recommends snacks have lean protein and fiber-rich carbohydrates. Low-fat Greek yogurt, apples, a handful of unsalted nuts, and carrots are some examples of healthy snacks that will provide an energy boost between meals. How people eat can help them overcome fatigue or exacerbate existing energy issues.
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Live Well Article Submitted by Memorial Three Things to Consider When Choosing a New Doctor Choosing a new doctor doesn’t have to be an overwhelming process, but there are important things to consider. With more and more people in need of consistent healthcare, having a checklist is helpful during the search process. “We are seeing an abundance of new patients, especially since the pandemic,” said Anthony Griffin, MD, with Memorial Physician Services in Jacksonville. “Many people want to select a doctor because everything was so restricted for a time during the height of COVID-19. Also we have a big group of the adult population heading to retirement age, and their
evolving needs require healthcare consistency.” He suggest three general areas with specific questions to consider when researching and choosing a new primary care provider: • Availability. What kind of wait is involved for regular appointments? Does the provider offer same-day sick appointments or do you have to go to an urgent care facility? What are the telehealth options? • Areas of emphasis. Is there an area of interest or a disease process the provider is comfortable handling? How comfortable is the provider in handling a diversified range of health issues? • Good fit. Is there a positive connection? Also, consider longevity. How long will the provider be at that location? Is retirement or a transfer in the near future?
That may be a factor if you prefer a provider who will be available for the next 10 to 20 years or longer. Once you choose a new provider, Dr.Griffin recommends transferring at least a year’s worth of medical records over before the first appointment. Plan to bring a list of all medications (prescription and over-the-counter) with you. Ask how long lab results and callbacks take on average. “From a doctor’s perspective, we want to establish good communication at that first visit,” said Dr. Griffin. “The patient will want to know how long things will take, what services are available, how our nursing staff operates, sick call process. We answer those questions and establish a strong foundation for future visits so that the patient settles in and has confidence in their healthcare.”
3 Strategies To Protect Mental Health Improving one’s overall health and maintaining that health over the long haul can have a profound impact on quality of life. For example, the Harvard Medical School notes that regular exercise can slow the natural decline in physical performance that occurs as people age. That means routine exercise can serve as something like a fountain of youth that allows people to keep their cardiovascular fitness, metabolism and muscle function on par with their younger counterparts. When attempting to improve long-term health, it’s important that people emphasize mental health as much as they do their physical health. The Anxiety & Depression Association of America notes the importance and effectiveness of preventive efforts in relation to depression and anxiety. In regard to mental health, prevention efforts can function in much the same way that exercise serves physical health. Routine exercise helps people to maintain healthy weights, reducing their risk for various conditions and diseases. Preventive efforts designed to improve mental health can significantly reduce a person’s risk for anxiety and depression.
member organization dedicated to advancing an effective and efficient health system, sleep and mental health are intimately related. Sleep loss can contribute to emotional instability. The amygdala is the part of the brain responsible for humans’ emotional responses. When an individual does not get enough sleep, his or her amygdala goes into overdrive, leading to more intense emotional reactions. The prefrontal cortex is another part of the brain that needs sufficient sleep to function properly. Without it, the prefrontal cortex, which is integral to impulse control, cannot function properly. Adults can speak with their physicians about how much sleep they should be getting each night. Those needs change as individuals age. 2. Eat a balanced diet. A balanced, healthy diet doesn’t just benefit the waistline. According to the ADAA, a balanced diet that includes protein, healthy non-saturated fats, fiber, and some simple carbohydrates can reduce the likelihood that mental health issues like fatigue, difficulty concentrating and irritability will arise during the day.
Various techniques and strategies can be utilized to promote 3. Volunteer in your community. mental health, and these three are simple and highly effective. A 2020 study published in the Journal of Happiness Studies 1. Get enough sleep. found that people who volunteered in the past were more According to the Primary Care Collaborative, a not-for-profit satisfied with their lives and rated their overall health as much
better than people who didn’t volunteer. Perhaps the most noteworthy finding in the study was that people who began volunteering with lower levels of well-being tended to get the biggest boost from volunteering. Volunteering provides opportunities to socialize, which can help ward off the loneliness that can sometimes contribute to anxiety and depression. Mental health is important, and protecting it should be part of everyone’s health care regimen.
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Blessing helps active grandfather get surgery and supper onto the same menu Article Submitted by BHS Orthopedics Richard Rees had total knee replacement at Blessing Hospital in the morning and was making dinner that evening. “There was no pain, In fact, I went home and fixed tacos for the grandkids’ supper,” the Jacksonville, IL, resident boasted. “Just before Richard came to us, we started doing most of our total knee replacements as outpatient surgery and now almost all of them are going home the same day,” said Darr Leutz, MD, orthopedic surgeon, Blessing Health System. “When the doctor told me that it was going to be an outpatient, and I can go home the same, day, I thought that doesn’t happen,” Richard recalled. “But, it’s what happened and it worked tremendously.” “Most people want to be at home and not in a hospital bed. You don’t get much sleep in a hospital bed.” Dr. Leutz observed. “Most of our patients are active and want to be out and about and do things.” Just over a month after surgery, Richard was back in the gym, on the elliptical and doing a mile- and-a-half every day. “Five years ago I wouldn’t have fathomed you could do an outpatient on a total knee replacement. I mean it’s just incredible,” Richard proclaimed. “I am back to leading an active life and I am so thankful.” For more information on the care of the Blessing Health System orthopedic surgery and sports medicine team, go to blessinghealth.org/ortho.
Article & Photos Submitted By: BHS Orthopedics
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Understanding Cervical, Ovarian, And Uterine Cancers Article Submitted By SIU Medicine According to the latest estimates from the American Cancer Society, approximately 110,000 new cases of gynecologic cancer were diagnosed in the United States in 2018. Sadly, another 32,120 women lost their lives to this condition this past year. Worldwide, gynecological cancer—including cervical cancer, ovarian cancer and uterine or endometrial cancer—is not the leading type of cancer affecting women. Breast, lung and colorectal cancer are more common. However, gynecological cancer clearly can and does have an impact on women’s health. Understanding the signs, screening options, prevention and treatment strategies are essential for helping more women avoid and manage this challenging condition. It’s why our team at SIU Medicine believes so strongly in raising awareness and remaining on the leading edge of diagnostic and therapeutic opportunities for women from all walks of life.
ovaries (the part of the reproductive system where eggs are made); it usually (but not always) affects women over 50 • Cervical Cancer: Occurs when cancerous cells grow in the cervix (the lower and most narrow end of the uterus) Additional types of gynecological cancer include vulvar and vaginal cancer. While it’s not always clear why some women develop gynecological cancer, certain risk factors exist. These include: • Obesity • Diabetes or metabolic syndrome • Smoking • Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection (for cervical cancer) • Certain medications (e.g., estrogen or estrogen receptor modulators) • Advancing age
Signs and Symptoms of Gynecologic Cancers
Common Types and Causes of Gynecologic Cancers
Often, there are no clear signs and symptoms of gynecologic cancer. Many women diagnosed with ovarian cancer, for instance, are in the Gynecologic cancer simply means that the cancer begins in some later stages of the disease by the time the condition is detected. part of a woman’s reproductive system. The most common types When signs and symptoms of gynecologic cancer do exist, they often include: • Uterine Cancer: Also referred to as endometrial cancer, occurs include: • Pelvic or abdominal pain when cancerous cells grow in the lining of the uterus • Unusual bleeding and/or discharge from the vagina • Ovarian Cancer: This occurs when cancerous cells grow in the • Unexplained weight loss
Article & Photos Submitted By: SIU Medicine
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Persistent indigestion or bloating
Screening, Diagnosis and Treatment of Gynecologic Cancers Regular screening and early detection can improve outcomes. For example, pelvic exams and pap smears may help doctors detect cancerous cells. Most women need cervical screening once every 3-5 years. You may need screening more frequently depending on your personal history. A woman’s specific cancer treatment depends on several factors, including her health status, cancer stage, and personal goals. That said, the most effective and comprehensive approach may include chemotherapy, radiation and/or surgery. If you or a loved one has recently been diagnosed with gynecologic cancer, contact SIU Medicine today with your questions. Our gynecologic oncologist and other medical health professionals can help you access the latest advances in cancer diagnosis and treatment.
July 2021 HEALTH QUARTERLY
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SCAN THIS CODE
TO WATCH RICHARD’S STORY
“When the doctor told me that it was going to be an outpatient surgery and I can go home the same day, I thought he was crazy.” blessinghealth.org/richard
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Know The Warning Signs Of Heat Stroke Article Submitted By SIU Medicine As we gear up for fun in the warmer weather, it’s important to be aware of the causes, symptoms and risk factors of heat exhaustion and heat stroke. Read on and learn how to help you and your loved ones stay safer this summer.
What Is Heat Stroke? Your body can usually cool itself down by sweating. But if the weather is extremely hot
and humid, or if you’re affected by other factors that make it harder for your body to cool down, then your internal temperature can rise to dangerously high levels. This can happen very quickly in many cases. Heat stroke is a type of hyperthermia. It’s the opposite of hypothermia, which happens when your internal body temperature gets too low (below 95 degrees Fahrenheit). Normal body temperature for an adult ranges between 97
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and 99 degrees Fahrenheit (37 degrees Celsius), which sounds pretty warm already! But if you’re exposed to a hot environment and your temperature exceeds 103 degrees Fahrenheit, you are likely experiencing heat stroke. With an internal temperature greater than 103 degrees, you’re at risk of potentially life-threatening issues, including organ damage, seizures, coma and shock. If left untreated, heat stroke can be fatal. Since you don’t walk around with a thermometer, there are other ways to tell if you’re experiencing heat stroke besides taking your temperature. Here are the most important signs and symptoms of heat stroke: • Muscle cramps • Weakness • Headaches • Dizziness or lightheadedness • Nausea and vomiting • No more sweating • Flushed skin • Difficulty breathing • Confusion, slurred speech and/or decreased alertness • Rapid heart beat • Dark-colored urine • Fainting or passing out • Seizures
Heat Stroke vs. Heat Exhaustion Heat stroke is a medical emergency that requires immediate attention in the emergency room. Heat exhaustion is the first step your body goes through when it starts to get too hot. If you respond quickly to signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion—such as nausea, lightheadedness, fatigue, excessive sweating, muscle cramps and dizziness—then you might be able to prevent heat stroke and avoid a hospital visit. (You should still tell your doctor if you experience heat exhaustion, though.)
From 24/7 emergency services to same-day urgent care appointments at our Culbertson Clinics, we pledge to be a consistent and trustworthy advocate to empower your health and healing. Local providers giving back to their hometowns.
Who Gets Heat Stroke? (217) 322-4321 | cmhospital.com
According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, anyone can get heat stroke, but certain people may be at greater risk. This
includes: • Infants and children through age 4 • People aged 65 and older • People who are overweight or obese • People experiencing sunburn or dehydration • People who have chronic health conditions, including heart disease or mental illness • People who take certain medications or drugs, including alcohol
What to Do If Someone Shows Signs of Heat Exhaustion or Heat Stroke The sooner you recognize and respond to signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion, the better chance you have of cooling the body back down and preventing heat stroke. At the first signs of heat-related illness, you should: • Get out of the sun and into a cool, ideally air-conditioned place • Remove tight clothing or any extra layers • Use cold compresses or take a cold bath or shower (do not bathe or shower alone if you’re feeling lightheaded and dizzy) • Drink fluids If you suspect a person has progressed to heat stroke, call 911 immediately. If you can, move the person into a cooler place and use cold compresses to help him/her cool down, but do NOT give fluids to a person showing signs of heat stroke unless otherwise directed by a medical professional.
Ready for a Healthier Summer? At SIU Medicine, our diverse team of doctors, clinicians and researchers are at the forefront of clinical and academic medicine. We’re here to help our community stay healthy and active, especially in the warmer summer months. If you’d like to meet with a doctor who can get you safely back to the outdoor activities you love, contact SIU Medicine today at 800.342.5748.
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Summertime Fun and Water Safety Article Submitted By Central Counties It can happen in an instant. You’re enjoying the sun at your local pool, or relaxing on family vacation by the ocean. You take your eyes off your child to read a couple lines in your book, reply to a text, or to reapply sunscreen. Then tragedy strikes. A child or a weak swimmer can drown in the time it takes to do any of these activities. Drowning incidents (death and/or injury) mostly happen in residential swimming pools; however, all it takes is one inch of water for heartbreak to strike. Buckets, bathtubs, wading pools, hot tubs, and even toilets pose a potential threat to the safety of your young children. In addition to at home threats, open waters such as lakes, rivers, and oceans pose a drowning threat to older children as well. Most children who survive water submersion without brain damage are discovered within two minutes; 10 minutes is all it takes to lose a loved one forever. As parents, caregivers, grandparents, and the like, what can we do to protect our kids, avoid risks, and respond appropriately in an emergency? First, let’s look at the facts: • In the U.S. drowning is the leading cause of injury-related death in children younger than four and teens. • Emergency room care is typically needed for non-fatal drowning injuries with half requiring extended hospital stays. • Surviving a drowning can leave someone with severe brain damage – 5%-10% of childhood drowning cases result in long-term disability. How kids drown varies by age: • < 1: babies most often drown in bathtubs, toilets, and buckets. • 1-4: young kids often drown in swimming pools, spas, and hot tubs. • 5+, teens, and young adults: drowning incidents in these age groups are most likely to happen in natural bodies of water, such as oceans, lakes, and rivers. Despite the risks of drowning, drowning injuries and deaths are 100% preventable. So how do we keep our kids safe? Supervision is KEY. Supervision of your children around any type of water is an absolute must. This is true if your child is by a wading pool, fish pond, swimming pool,
ocean, or lake. Age and swimming skill level are not an exception to this rule. Swimming lessons. Swimming lessons are an important part of water safety. Training can reduce the risk of drowning and teach important lessons in water survival, flotation, and basic swimming. As a parent, if you do not know how to swim, it is highly recommended you take lessons as well. You can search for instructors by visiting the YMCA or Red Cross websites. Personal Flotation Devices (PFDs). PFDs are helpful, but should never be used in place of swimming lessons or as a permanent solution for protection. Diving. Don’t allow your child to dive in water less than nine feet deep. The probability of a traumatic neck injury increases exponentially in shallow waters. Responding appropriately in an emergency situation can sometimes be the deciding factor in a life and death situation. Surviving a drowning incident depends on a quick and efficient rescue and restarting breathing as quickly as possible. So what should you do in a water related emergency? Learning CPR is a must. CPR is a life-saving skill that can be useful in a variety of emergency situations. If a child is missing: always check the pool or other body of water first. Survival is dependent on a quick rescue and restarting breathing as soon as possible. If you find a child in the water: call loudly for help while getting the child out of water. If someone is nearby, give them a direct and clear order to call 911. Check to make sure the child’s air passage is clear. If the child is not breathing, start CPR if you are trained to do so. If you are not, follow the prompts given by the 911 operator. If injury occurs from diving: keep the child on their back. Brace the neck and shoulders with your hands and forearms to keep the neck from moving about. Doing this can help prevent further injury to the neck and spine. It’s important to keep the child as still as possible and to speak in soft calming tones to keep the child comforted. Summertime swimming is supposed to be fun and carefree – and it can be! We just need to make sure we stay alert, are prepared, and have the tools necessary to help us in the event of an emergency. Information from this article was gathered from The American Red Cross and John Hopkins University.
Article & Photos Submitted By: Central Counties Health Centers
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STD Awareness Week: Know The Facts & Take Care Of Your Health Article Submitted By SIU Medicine Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD) Awareness week is April 11-17 and happens to fall during a pandemic. To educate and assist patients who might be experiencing symptoms during this time, SIU Medicine OBGYN Nurse Practitioner Kaylie Caswell, answered a few questions. Note: We’re using STD (sexually transmitted disease) and STI (sexually transmitted infection) interchangeably, but there is a difference. Infections are often the first stage of a disease and can occur if bacteria or viruses enter the body and start multiplying. The disruption these bacteria or viruses cause in the body, especially when signs and symptoms appear, is considered disease.
What are the most commonly diagnosed STDs? Here in the SIU Medicine Department of OB-GYN, the most diagnosed sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are human papillomavirus (HPV), trichomoniasis, and Chlamydia. Similar trends are occurring nationally. According to the CDC chlamydia, trichomoniasis, genital herpes, and HPV accounted for 98% of all prevalent STIs and 93% of all new STIs in 2018. Almost have of those were among youth aged 15-24 (CDC). In the U.S., between 2014 and 2018, the number of people infected with Chlamydia increased by 15% (Guttmacher). According to the CDC
in 2018, 1 in 5 people in the U.S. have an STI that is nearly 68 million infections. HPV is a virus that can lead to certain types of cancer. According to the American Sexual Health Association, it is estimated nearly 80% of people have HPV at some point in their life. The good news: a vaccine that can prevent nearly 90% of HPV causing cancers is available!
How are we testing and treating STDs in the current pandemic? We haven’t changed who we test or treat. We continue to triage our patients and see those who are at risk of a possible STI. We also continue to provide “expedited partner therapy,” meaning we’ll send treatment to your partner(s) pharmacy. Cervical screening for the HPV virus (Pap Test) will be performed, if needed, during your next Well Woman visit with us. There are at home testing kits available. The following companies offer testing for a fee: • STDcheck.com • myLAB • Everlywell • iDNA • LetsGetChecked • SamedaySTDtesting The accuracy of tests depends on following instructions carefully. Results are available within 3-7 days. Health insurance companies do not pay for these tests, which run between $80-200.
At what point should a patient schedule a virtual visit to discuss STD symptoms?
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During this pandemic, we’re trying to limit women’s time in the clinic as much as possible, so if you’re experiencing symptoms such as painful urination, lower abdominal pain, vaginal discharge, pain during sexual intercourse, bleeding between periods, vaginal odor or sores, we recommend first scheduling a virtual visit to access your symptoms. Many times, the events leading up to your symptoms can explain what is wrong. For example, a recent sexually active patient came for an office visit because she thought she had a possible vaginal infection. After further discussion, we’ve discovered her irritation was caused by a change in condom brand. Her STI and vaginitis testing was all negative. This is a great example how a virtual visit can be used to decide if testing is essential.
At what point do symptoms warrant an in-person visit? If you think you may have been exposed to an STI or if you are experiencing abnormal vaginal discharge and odor, pain in your lower back or pelvis, pain with intercourse, abnormal vaginal bleeding, bleeding after intercourse, and/or fever, you need tested. Also, if you had a positive home test and finished a treatment but you’re still having symptoms, you should make an appointment for an in-person visit.
If you avoid a health care visit for STD symptoms because of COVID-19, what could happen? First, untreated STI’s increase your risk of getting other STI’s, especially HIV. If you are pregnant, it could increase your risk of having your baby too early or cause your baby to be too small at full term. Finally, if an STI goes untreated there is a risk of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID). PID is an infection of the female reproductive organs. PID can cause long term pelvic pain and it can make it hard to become pregnant.
How do I prevent an STI? Use a condom during sexual activity. Correct condom use protects you from both pregnancy and STIs. They also prevent you from spreading an STI if you do not know you have one. Get educated on the topic. Knowledge is power, ask your healthcare provider about how to have a healthy sex life that includes consent, autonomy, an safety. Young people are disproportionately vulnerable to STIs, but anyone young or old can gain something from a little sex education! Get tested. Unfortunately, a stigma exists when it comes to getting tested. Many STIs are asymptomatic and little symptoms; routine testing is necessary and smart. We here at SIU OBGYN are working on breaking that stigma by providing exceptional care that is trauma-informed and sex positive. Get vaccines. Hepatitis B and HPV vaccines are designed to protect your from the long term consequences of these diseases. And yes, they are safe!
Schedule a Virtual or In-Clinic Appointment: To schedule a virtual or in-person visit with SIU Medicine’s Obstetrics and Gynecology, please call 217-545-8000 or request an appointment online. For more resources, visit the CDC, The STI Project or Asha Sexual Health.
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July 2021
How to Help Kids Adjust to Contact Lenses Adults find contact lenses more convenient than traditional eyeglasses for a variety of reasons. Some adults don’t like the way eyeglasses look, while others find that eyeglasses move around too much on their faces, requiring near-constant adjustment. Though many people wait until they’re adolescents or even full-grown adults to even consider contact lenses, these popular alternatives to eyeglasses can be worn by children as well. The United States Food and Drug Administration notes that children can safely wear contact lenses. In fact, the FDA even notes that young athletes may find contacts are better for sports than eyeglasses because they don’t break, potentially reducing the risk of eye injuries that can occur if eyeglasses break during competition. But contacts don’t just benefit athletes. According to the FDA, in certain instances,
contact lenses improve the quality of vision in comparison to eyeglasses, especially for children who are very nearsighted. Some adults are hesitant to try contact lenses out of fear of injuring their eyes when putting them in. Others may be wary of potential infection with lenses they place directly on their eyes. Parents can expect children to have similar reservations, and there are some strategies moms and dads can try to help their children adjust to wearing contact lenses. · Point out the popularity of contact lenses. Children may be hesitant to wear contact lenses because they don’t see other people wearing them every day. But they actually do. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, more than 45 million Americans wear contact lenses. Explain to children that many of the people they see every day, including
teachers, coaches, police officers, etc., are likely wearing contact lenses. Kids who recognize just how many people safely wear contacts each day may be more willing to give them a try. If kids remain hesitant and doctors haven’t specifically recommend they wear contacts, give them more time to come around. · Demonstrate safe handling. If adults are concerned about potential eye infections, kids may have those same reservations. To help kids adjust and overcome any fears they may have, parents can point out that safe handling greatly reduces the risk of eye infection from contact lenses. Parents can then demonstrate the various steps contact lens wearers must take to promote safe handling. Washing hands with soap and water prior to handling, keeping contacts away from water and properly cleaning them with a disinfecting solution are a
few techniques to safely handle contact lenses. Parents and their children can discuss other safe handling techniques with their eye doctors at length. · Encourage children to carry their eyeglasses with them at all times. Instruct kids to take their eyeglasses with them everywhere just in case they lose a contact lens during the day or if the lenses grow uncomfortable. Eyeglasses and a contact kit with disinfecting solution inside can fit easily into children’s backpacks, and knowing an alternative is always on hand can ease any comfort concerns kids may have throughout the day. Children can safely wear contact lenses, though parents should be prepared to help them adjust as they gradually grow acclimated to this convenient alternative to eyeglasses.
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July 2021 HEALTH QUARTERLY
14
Know The Warning Signs Of Heat Stroke What to Do If Someone Shows Signs of Heat Exhaustion or Heat Stroke
As we gear up for fun in the warmer weather, it’s important to be aware of the causes, symptoms and risk factors of heat exhaustion and heat stroke. Read on and learn how to help you and your loved ones stay safer this summer.
What Is Heat Stroke? Your body can usually cool itself down by sweating. But if the weather is extremely hot and humid, or if you’re affected by other factors that make it harder for your body to cool down, then your internal temperature can rise to dangerously high levels. This can happen very quickly in many cases. Heat stroke is a type of hyperthermia. It’s the opposite of hypothermia, which happens when your internal body temperature gets too low (below 95 degrees Fahrenheit). Normal body temperature for an adult ranges between 97 and 99 degrees Fahrenheit (37 degrees Celsius), which sounds pretty warm already! But if you’re exposed to a hot environment and your temperature exceeds 103 degrees Fahrenheit, you are likely experiencing heat stroke. With an internal temperature greater than 103 degrees, you’re at risk of potentially life-threatening issues, including organ damage, seizures, coma and shock. If left untreated, heat stroke can be fatal. Since you don’t walk around with a thermometer, there are other ways to tell if you’re experiencing heat stroke besides taking your temperature. Here are the most important signs and symptoms of heat stroke: • Muscle cramps • Weakness
• • • • • • • • • • •
Headaches Dizziness or lightheadedness Nausea and vomiting No more sweating Flushed skin Difficulty breathing Confusion, slurred speech and/or decreased alertness Rapid heart beat Dark-colored urine Fainting or passing out Seizures
Heat Stroke vs. Heat Exhaustion Heat stroke is a medical emergency that requires immediate attention in
the emergency room. Heat exhaustion is the first step your body goes through when it starts to get too hot. If you respond quickly to signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion—such as nausea, lightheadedness, fatigue, excessive sweating, muscle cramps and dizziness—then you might be able to prevent heat stroke and avoid a hospital visit. (You should still tell your doctor if you experience heat exhaustion, though.)
Who Gets Heat Stroke? According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, anyone can get heat stroke, but
certain people may be at greater risk. This includes: • Infants and children through age 4 • People aged 65 and older • People who are overweight or obese • People experiencing sunburn or dehydration • People who have chronic health conditions, including heart disease or mental illness • People who take certain medications or drugs, including alcohol
The sooner you recognize and respond to signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion, the better chance you have of cooling the body back down and preventing heat stroke. At the first signs of heat-related illness, you should: • Get out of the sun and into a cool, ideally air-conditioned place • Remove tight clothing or any extra layers • Use cold compresses or take a cold bath or shower (do not bathe or shower alone if you’re feeling lightheaded and dizzy) • Drink fluids If you suspect a person has progressed to heat stroke, call 911 immediately. If you can, move the person into a cooler place and use cold compresses to help him/her cool down, but do NOT give fluids to a person showing signs of heat stroke unless otherwise directed by a medical professional.
Ready for a Healthier Summer? At SIU Medicine, our diverse team of doctors, clinicians and researchers are at the forefront of clinical and academic medicine. We’re here to help our community stay healthy and active, especially in the warmer summer months. If you’d like to meet with a doctor who can get you safely back to the outdoor activities you love, contact SIU Medicine today at 800.342.5748.
15 HEALTH QUARTERLY
July 2021
Exercising Safely After Recovering From COVID-19 The number of people who have been infected by the novel coronavirus COVID-19 is difficult to determine, as millions of people may have had the virus but been asymptomatic. But as of April 2021, the Center for Systems Science and Engineering at Johns Hopkins University reported that more than 31 million people in the United States have had confirmed coronavirus infections, and Canada reported 1,087,158 confirmed cases with 80,204 considered active at that time. Thousands of new cases are reported daily nationwide, and many others have occurred around the world. Even though COVID-19 is widespread and highly contagious, the silver lining is that a very high percentage of people recover from the disease. WebMD says that recovery rates fluctuate between 97 and 99.75 percent. However, COVID-19 can affect various parts of the body and produce long-lasting side effects. A study from the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency found that 91 percent of people who recovered from COVID-19 reported at least one long-lasting symptom, and fatigue and trouble concentrating were the most common. With this in mind, individuals who have recovered from the illness and want to get back to their daily activities - including exercising - may need to be especially careful. Health experts recommend
a slow, phased approach to resuming exercise after recovering from COVID-19. It’s also worth noting that it may take some time to regain pre-illness fitness levels, so individuals are urged to go easy on themselves if they cannot meet certain milestones. David Salman, Ph.D., a clinical fellow in primary care at the Imperial College London, was lead author of a report published in the British Medical Journal that aimed to answer questions about returning to exercise. One of his recommendations is to wait for seven days after major symptoms have stopped before beginning to slowly build up physical activity. One should start with light-intensity exercises, such as walking or yoga. Gradually, more challenging activities, including brisk walking, swimming or light resistance training, can be introduced. Each phase should be maintained for at least seven days. People should be mindful of getting out of breath or feeling too fatigued by exercise. If this occurs, they should move back a phase until exercise feels comfortable. Pay attention to body cues while doing normal daily activities, as these can help determine if you need to rest. The University of Colorado Boulder Health and Wellness Services says exercise should not continue if people experience chest pain, difficulty breathing, shortness of breath, abnormal
heartbeats, or lightheadedness. Individuals are urged to consult with their doctors if these symptoms appear. Within a few weeks of infection, many people with mild cases of COVID-19 can typically be back to their normal fitness routines, says Anthony S. Lubinsky, MD, clinical associate professor at New York University Grossman School of Medicine. But slow and steady is the key to getting there. COVID-19 has affected millions of people. With time and guidance, most people who contracted COVID-19 can return to their pre-illness levels of physical activity.
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