The Economic Case
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to depots and would result in a revenue benefit to operators. This is also represented as a cost to the GMCA in the scheme costs (part of the “Present Value of Costs”). There are other public transport revenue impacts to rail and Metrolink, and these represent the reduction in revenues due to abstraction to bus. The “other” benefits category represents additional benefits to non-users including accident reduction due to the reduction in vehicle kilometres travelled (vkt), and also emissions, pollution and noise reductions associated with reduced highway kilometres (vkt). The “Indirect Tax” impacts represent the reduction in tax revenue due to the increase in bus trips, some of which were formerly made by car and taxi. This reduction in car mileage, and hence fuel tax paid, is captured in this impact as per standard WebTAG guidance. All of the categories of benefits and method of calculation are standard in transport appraisal and are taken from the DfT’s Transport Analysis Guidance (TAG).
Economic Value of Further Investment in the Bus System
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Bus Franchising in Greater Manchester - Assessment
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