8th Biology - Cellular Respiration and Metabolism

St. George's College

Subject:8th BIOLOGY

Class: Cellular Respiration - Metabolism

Date: August 10th

2009

Teacher's notes

Objectives

Vocabulary

Link and Learn

Prepared by

In‐Class Survey

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8th Milton A ‐ Cellular Respiration and Metabolism Name

Oral Intervention

Sergio María Fernanda Alejandra Almendra Anna Paula Sandra E‐C Maia María Belén Alfredo Kinley Arianne Sandra M. Fiorella Rodrigo Giulia Jaime Stefano Bruno

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8th Milton Alpha ‐ Cellular Respiration and Metabolism Name

Oral Intervention

Marcelo Antonella Paulo Alejandro Brenda Diego Gabriel Valeria Cristina Giuliana Joshua María Gracia Gonzalo N. Paolo Gonzalo R. Giorgio Nicolás María Claudia

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Let's remember previous learned concepts...

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GLYCOLYSIS • The primary fuel for cellular respiration is glucose, which is formed when carbohydrates are broken down, such as: starch and sucrose.

• If carbohydrates are scarce to meet an organism's energy needs, other molecules, such as fats, can be broken down to make ATP. • In fact, fat releases more energy than carbohydrates do.

• Glycolysis has 3 steps: Breaking down Glucose, NADH Production and Pyruvate Production.

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New knowledge beginning...

• The total of all chemical reactions carried out by an organism, is called metabolism.

• The chemical reactions that use energy to build METABOLISM molecules are called anabolic reactions, or Anabolism.

• Reactions that harvest energy when chemical bonds are broken down are called catabolic reactions, or Catabolism.

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CELLULAR RESPIRATION

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REVIEW

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FERMENTATION • Many prokaryotes live entirely on the energy released in glycolysis.

• Glycolysis produces 2 ATP molecules and one molecule of the electron carrier NADH, which must be able to transfer its electrons to an acceptor so that NAD+ is continuously available.

• Under anaerobic conditions, the electron transport chain does not work.

• Organisms must have another way to recycle NAD+.

• The process in which carbohydrates are broken down in the absence of oxygen, called fermentation, recycles the NAD+ that is needed to continue making ATP through glycolysis.

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Lactic Acid Fermentation (LAF) • The end products of glycolysis are 3 carbon pyruvate molecules, which is converted to lactic acid.

• LAF occurs in the muscles of animals, including humans.

• During vigorous exercise, muscle cells must operate without enough oxygen.

• So, glycolysis becomes the only source of ATP as long as the glucose supply lasts.

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Alcoholic Fermentation (AF) • In other organisms, an enzyme removes carbon dioxide from the 3‐carbon pyruvate to form a 2‐carbon molecule.

• Then, a second enzyme adds electrons and hydrogen from NADPH to the molecule to form ethanol.

• In this process, NAD+ is recycled and glycolysis can continue to produce ATP.

http://bit.ly/ZSfq9 16

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DECOMPOSITION

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ASSIGNMENT

NOTEBOOK 1. Complement the Class by finding out and writing in your notebook, the definitions, properties and examples of the following substances: • • • •

Cofactors Enzymes Ribozymes Vitamins

2. Deadline: • Group A: Tuesday, August 18th.

• Group Alpha: Wednesday, August 19th.

3. Criteria of Evaluation: • (5 p) Compliance with the Deadline • (5 p) Quality of Information • (5 p) Organization‐Presentation • (5 p) Optional: Make a Web Diagram having METABOLISM as the central idea.

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Resources Used Slide (Group)

Description

Resource

Origin

G1 ‐ 2

Image

Milton

http://bit.ly/XQqEw

G1 ‐ 3

Image

Milton

http://bit.ly/XQqEw

G1 ‐ 4 Animation Idea G1 ‐ 5

Images

Mitochondrion Chloroplast Metabolism

G1 ‐ 6 Animation Glycolysis G1 ‐ 7

Animation Cellular Respiration

Notebook Gallery Unknown

Unknown Unknown

G1 ‐ 9 Animation Glycolysis

www.johnkyrk.com

G1 ‐ 10 Animation Pointing hand

Notebook Gallery

G1 ‐ 11 Images

Cellular Respiration

Unknown

G1 ‐ 12 Image

Review Tables

http://bit.ly/3LFUY0

G1 ‐ 13 Animation Fermentation products

http://bit.ly/qTZR6

G1 ‐ 15 Image

Lactic Acid Fermentation

http://bit.ly/g7iIc

G1 ‐ 16 Image

Alcoholic Fermentation

http://bit.ly/ZSfq9

G1 ‐ 17 Animation Metabolic Pathways

http://bit.ly/15KOX2

G1 ‐ 18 Video

Fermentation

http://bit.ly/OKWvV

G1 ‐ 19 Video

Rabbit decomposition (time lapse) http://bit.ly/121a9b

G1 ‐ 20 Image

Metabolic Pathways

http://bit.ly/t2ZzS

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Teacher's Notes This class has been designed to cover the topics of Cellular Respiration and Metabolism from Monday August 17th till Friday August 21st.

For further knowledge about this topic: 1. Conduct a thorough search under the topic: Cellular Respiration and Metabolism on the Web, books and magazines.

2. If findings are not specific, ask your teacher for suggestions.

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Objectives • Understand and describe the steps in the cellular respiration process.

• Understand and describe the process of Fermentation.

• Understand a general overview of metabolism of biomolecules.

Note: All, or most, of the objectives will be covered during class time, however the student must be responsible for those objectives not covered or concluded.

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• • • • • • • • •

Vocabulary Glucose: Glycolysis: Fermentation: Decomposition: Metabolism: Anabolism: Catabolism: Cofactor: Vitamins:

Note: Most of the vocabulary words will be covered during class time, however the student must be responsible for those words not covered or concluded.

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Link and Learn You can visit the following websites to improve your understanding on the present topic: • • • • •

http://bit.ly/E1Jun http://bit.ly/3bRoBg http://science‐learning2009.wikispaces.com http://learningandscience.blogspot.com http://libraryatstgeorge.blogspot.com

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Prepared by

Gerardo LAZARO Science Lead Teacher Email: glazaro@sanjorge.edu.pe Wiki: http://science‐learning2009.wikispaces.com Blog: http://learningandscience.blogspot.com Twitter: http://twitter.com/glazaro

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SURVEY If you want to contribute in improving your Chemistry class, click in the survey link:

Term III ‐ 8th A ‐ Class 1 Term III ‐ 8th Alpha ‐ Class 1

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Cellular Respiration and Metabolism

Grade: Subject: Date:

8th Grade A Biology 10­August­2009

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What was your UNDERSTANDING from the class "Cellular Respiration and Metabolism"?

1

A

My effort level was 25%

B

My effort level was 50%

C

My effort level was 75%

D

My effort level was 100%

E

I didn't understand the class.

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2

What was your level of EFFORT to understand the topic?

A

My effort level was 25%

B

My effort level was 50%

C

My effort level was 75%

D

My effort level was 100%

E

I didn't put any effort

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3

What RESOURCES helped you understand the topic?

A

Text

B

Images

C

Animations

D

Videos

E

Teacher's Speech

F

None

G

Other

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4

How does the SMART Board help you understand the topic?

A

It helps me visualize concepts

B

It helps understand difficult concepts

C

Touching things helps me learn

D

Interacting with the information makes it easier to understand

E

I prefer less effects or audiovisual resources

F

It doesn't really help much

G

I don't like it

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Cellular Respiration and Metabolism

Grade: Subject: Date:

8th Grade Alpha Biology 10­August­2009

36

What was your UNDERSTANDING of the class "Cellular Respiration and Metabolism"?

1

A

My effort level was 25%

B

My effort level was 50%

C

My effort level was 75%

D

My effort level was 100%

E

I didn't understand the class.

37

2

What was your level of EFFORT to understand the topic?

A

My effort level was 25%

B

My effort level was 50%

C

My effort level was 75%

D

My effort level was 100%

E

I didn't put any effort

38

3

What RESOURCES helped you understand the topic?

A

Text

B

Images

C

Animations

D

Videos

E

Teacher's Speech

F

None

G

Other

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4

How does the SMART Board help you understand the topic?

A

It helps me visualize concepts

B

It helps understand difficult concepts

C

Touching things helps me learn

D

Interacting with the information makes it easier to understand

E

I prefer less effects or audiovisual resources

F

It doesn't really help much

G

I don't like it

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