GERES Annual Report 2013 by GERES_NGO

GERES

ANNUAL REPORT 2013 Group for the Environment, Renewable Energy and Solidarity

Access to affordable and reliable energy services is crucial to the success of the post-2015 development framework. Shifting to more sustainable and efficient energy systems globally is also crucial for tackling climate change. We have seen that solutions exist and that people are implementing them. Ban Ki Moon, UN Secretary General

Climate change

Clean energy production

Local policy and territory

Economic Development

Energy saving and efficiency

SUMMARY 6 PReAMBLE 8 Highlights 10 Fields of activity 14 The women and men of GERES

15 THE PROJECTS 16 CROSS-CUTTING PROGRAMME StovePlus: Global dissemination of improved stoves Co2Solidaire: Voluntary carbon offset programme

16 18

20 CENTRAL ASIA Afghanistan Energy efficiency and bioclimatic techniques in urban housing

21 22 Mongolia Dissemination of passive solar greenhouses to support vegetable production 23 Tajikistan Sustainable rural development 24 Indian Capitalization and dissemination of "energy and housing" knowledge 26 Rural development in the central highlands of Afghanistan

Himalayas

27 South-East ASIA Cambodia

Sustainable forest management in the Cardamones mountains Dissemination of improved cookstoves Production of "green" charcoal Agro-forestry serving farming communities Viability of solutions through transfer to the private sector Consolidation of biomass expertise

28 29 30 31 32 33

34 West Africa West Africa Benin Senegal

Climate and energy in West Africa Short jatropha supply chain and access to energy Rural energy services Climate and rural territories

35 36 38 39

40 EUROPE-MEDITERRANEAN Europe

France

Local partnerships for greener cities and regions Energy Efficiency in Low-Income European Households Building capacity to insulate homes in Eastern Europe and the Caucasus

Energy and poverty Energy and housing Clean energy production Eco-friendly waste management Environmental performance, energy and climate

Morocco

Promotion of renewable energy and energy efficiency through micro-finance Sustainable energy management in rural areas Sustainable hammams

41 42 44 45 46 48 50 52 53 54 56

57 CLIMATE CHANGE UNIT

Assisting low-carbon projects Adaptation to climate change Advocacy for Climate Solidarity

58 59 60

61 PUBLICATIONS IN 2013 63 KEEPING IN TOUCH 64 FINANCIAL REPORT 71 Prospects for 2014 72 Index of partners

Preamble

We hear more and more about the place of energy in development. Is that a comfort for GERES?

The fragility of French development NGOs is a hot topic at the moment. Where does GERES stand?

Yes, it is comforting, but reality paints a contrasting picture. Emerging countries have based their growth in the last 10 years on a huge rise in the share of coal in the energy mix and, at same time, some of them have made profound changes by committing to energy management policies. If we look at the position of the least developed countries, where the bulk of GERES work is undertaken, we see progress in the implementation of solar power stations in place of oil, because solar power has become cost-effective in this scenario. Similarly, in order to make energy savings in industry, development banks are prepared to encourage initiatives and support investment by governments in the South at preferential rates. Conversely, rural areas remain largely beyond the reach of these changes; 95% of the population of sub-Saharan Africa still has no access to electricity. As for the 5% who do have access, they only use it to cover domestic needs which do not create economic activities. Women still use cooking appliances that waste up to 80% of energy. This situation has well-known implications for desertification and deforestation. Unfortunately, governments are generally not prepared to get into debt to deal with these issues. And the spring of Official Development Aid is running dry…

In 2013, Coordination SUD, the French development NGO platform, commissioned an independent consultancy to prepare an overview of the sector’s economic situation. This revealed a sharp deterioration: while relief organizations may have been spared, the financial position of development associations which choose to work on a long-term basis is poor. Many small associations have had to halt their activities. Medium-sized organizations such as GERES have also been weakened: lack of working capital, recurrent cash flow difficulties, increasingly cumbersome and complex donor administrative procedures… and accounts that may dip into deficit, as has happened to us this year. Associations which used to receive public funds are in fact experiencing a “double whammy”: increasingly strict requirements concerning the impact of activities (in this regard, NGOs are generally acknowledged to be the most efficient) and the obligation to justify all expenditure down to the last euro whilst at the same time keeping running costs extremely low. These constraints unfortunately restrict the ability to innovate and reproduce solutions on a wider scale. These remarks do not apply solely to our family of development NGOs. Some of the provisions of the French law on the social and solidarity economy should provide some solutions, such as the guarantee fund or the creation of financial instruments to strengthen associations’ balance sheets, but these mechanisms are still difficult to activate. In 2013, GERES worked hard to adapt to this context whilst maintaining its results in the field.

GERES • Annual Report 2013

2013 was an intense year as regards strategy debate. What were the main conclusions? Following five years of strong growth, we launched a review of our strategy for the 2013-2017 period. The association’s mandate and values were reaffirmed, together with our five major operational themes*. “Energy Saving and Efficiency”, one of GERES key pillars, should continue to dominate in terms of volume of activities and, to promote scaling up of our technically oriented approach, we also plan to strengthen activities that combine the “Economic Development” and “Public Policy” pillars. As for the “Climate” pillar, its profile will be raised with our participation in public debates and stepping up of advocacy work in France and at international level with NGOs fighting against climate change. In geographical terms, our core work will continue to focus on four main regions. Beyond this, we are also strengthening our cross-cutting capability in areas located far from each other but experiencing similar problems. The mass dissemination of low-energy cooking appliances is an illustration of this. In the same spirit, we want to put together a new programme dedicated to economic development, highlighting the role of the private sector in our operational areas. Moreover, we are keen to extend our activities in the field of service provision, always in relation to our areas of expertise. This will complement the implementation

of our projects in the field. Finally, we are consolidating areas of excellence in each region by organizing our knowledge and know-how at regional level, in order to maintain a high level of impact in our projects and continue to act as a point of reference concerning our key themes. These ambitious goals arouse our enthusiasm. We would like warmly to thank our 250 colleagues who, day after day and overcoming day-to-day difficulties, in the field and at HQ, apply their energies and skills to come up with tomorrow’s solutions. And thereby help to build a better world.

Thierry Cabirol, President Alain Guinebault, Executive Director

* Our five pillars or operational themes are: clean energy production; energy saving and efficiency; support for local policy and territory, economic development; and combating climate change.

GERES • Annual Report 2013

Highlights IN 2013

March 12 March National debate on the energy transition To combine energy transition and solidarity, in both North and South, GERES submits its action pack to the national debate on the energy transition.

January

In 2013, there were 12 stand-out events for GERES.

1st January GERES is appointed as lead agency on the Climate and Development Committee of Coordination SUD until 2016.

21 January

26 March

400 MPs committed to climate solidarity

Inauguration of Enercoop PACA

Climate and Development Committee

400 French MPs offset their CO2 emissions on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the Élysée Treaty, by supporting the CEnAO project in Mali.

2 million improved stoves disseminated in Cambodia In Cambodia, GERES celebrates the production and sale of the two-millionth New Lao Stove (NLS), introduced in 2003.

GERES • Annual Report 2013

Honorary award, United Nations Foundation (GACC) The Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves, set up by the United Nations Foundation, rewards GERES ”for its specific contribution in the sector” and its involvement in the organization of the Global Clean Cooking Forum in March 2013 in Phnom Penh.

25 January

18 March

As a founder member of Enercoop PACA, GERES supports and assists the green energy supplier’s initiative in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur region.

Highlights IN 2013

June 17 June

April 4 April Against energy poverty, 100 families benefit from the ACHIEVE scheme in Marseille GERES advisers have made home visits to 100 low-income households to help them control their energy consumption more effectively.

30 April 10 years’ energy for the Marseille EIE After 10 years’ operation, the Marseille Provence Energy Information Centre, run by GERES until that date, transfers its activities to the ALE. On the occasion of a closing ceremony, GERES thanks all the partners and staff who took part in the venture.

Official launch of the StovePlus programme On the occasion of the International Clean Cooking Forum in Bonn, GERES officially presents the StovePlus programme.

July 16 July The international NGO forum in Mali calls for emergency aid Following the crisis situation in Mali, GERES as a member of FONGIM helps to draw up six recommendations to ensure efficient targeting of development aid in the country.

September 18 September Scaling up the dissemination of bioclimatic houses in Afghanistan In Kabul, the enthusiasm for passive solar technology in general and conservatories in particular is catching, because the product addresses energy and socio-economic issues in urban areas. At the same time, a large-scale project is launched in the centre of the country in partnership with the French Development Agency (AFD).

November 11-22 November COP 19 in Warsaw Social carbon and the role of civil society in 2015 are the two topics tackled by GERES at the Conference of the Parties on climate change at the Warsaw Summit.

GERES • Annual Report 2013

Fields of activity

Access to energy, a vital development need 5 of the 8 Millennium Development Goals hinge directly on the question of energy and access to energy. In this respect, the SE4All (Sustainable Energy for All) initiative, launched by the United Nations Secretary-General in September 2012, calls for access to energy for all by 2030, with the aim of doubling energy efficiency and the share of renewable energies in the global energy mix. Because it sees energy as a major vector of economic and social development, GERES places it at the heart of its mission to activate the following levers:

2 1 Energy as a driver of economic development and social entrepreneurship Seen from the economic perspective, energy is a key lever. The leading international institutions1 now acknowledge that people’s economic development capacity primarily depends on their energy situation. Moreover, reliable, available and affordable energy is needed to create productive, income-generating activities. As its basic premise, GERES sees energy and the energy efficiency/renewable energy combination in particular as a powerful vector of economic development in the long term. By fostering access to energy through the provision of appropriate technology, GERES can for example enable thousands of entrepreneurs and artisans in Africa to create jobs, get more out of their agricultural products and generate added value for local redistribution. The United Nations, European Commission, World Bank and African Development Bank have recently joined in the SE4All initiative.

GERES • Annual Report 2013

Better management of biomass resources: a global issue and an energy source of the future Biomass is the third-largest global energy source after fossil fuels and nuclear power. It has a share of around 10% of primary energy and more than 50% of renewable energy in the world2. Biomass includes wood, charcoal, agricultural or food industry waste and animal dung. According to the International Energy Agency, 40% of the population still depend on rudimentary, unhealthy stoves for cooking. At global level, 2.5 billion people use biomass as their principal fuel. Usually more accessible than gas or diesel, biomass is also more suited to people’s normal habits. Combined with population pressure, the absence of alternatives leads in the majority of cases to serious depletion of resources. Sustainable biomass management is therefore a key issue that requires the establishment of strategies to support and assist local people. Solutions based on low-energy technologies do exist and must be combined with practices and techniques that encourage sustainable management of the resource. Through several programmes in Asia and Africa, GERES is promoting their dissemination with a view to large-scale impacts. For instance, GERES has been working in Cambodia for almost 15 years at all levels of the wood energy supply chain. Its efforts have resulted directly in the dissemination of 3 million improved stoves in that country by 2014. Source: Global REN Report 2012

Fields of activity

Mechanization of the grating and pressing stages means that this peeled cassava tuber can be processed to make gari, a popular food in West Africa, or a drink.

3 Combining sustainable energy, agriculture and food security The role played by energy in food security is often misunderstood, yet it has a direct influence on the four primary indicators of food security3: to encourage availability and access to agricultural or food products, but also to ensure their stability and healthiness. Passive use of solar energy in vegetable production, for example, helps to sustain family farming on the high plateaux of Central Asia which, despite a harsh continental climate, have good levels of sunshine. The introduction of passive solar greenhouses has enabled thousands of families to grow vegetables even in winter, but also to diversify their diet. By making use of available energy, this approach helps to improve local people’s nutrition. Constructing bioclimatic cellars or manufacturing drying units means that small producers can conserve their produce and reduce post-harvest losses. In isolated rural areas, food security can genuinely be boosted by access to energy for processing agricultural products. Over the last 10 years or so, GERES has been adapting various semi-industrial machines (mills, shellers, presses, hullers, etc.) or grouping them together for connection to a main engine that can run on Jatropha oil in place of overly expensive diesel. These platforms and enterprise zones play a direct part in upgrading the main agricultural value chains such as cassava, palm fruit or groundnuts and improve the quality of food products on the market. In addition, they reduce women’s workload. The concept of food security that achieved international consensus at the World Food Summit in Rome in 1996 has four dimensions or pillars: access, availability, quality and stability of supply of agricultural products.

Agro-forestry and biomass renewal in Cambodia help to combat climate change.

GERES • Annual Report 2013

Fields of activity

Insulating an Afghan house and installing secondary glazing.

4 Household energy poverty, a reflection of social division In 2012, the average annual energy bill of a French household was €3200 (€1400 per person)4. This was 6% higher than in 2011 and the progressive rise in energy prices is continuing to drive the poorest into an unbearably precarious position. In France, the 3.8 million families living in poverty devote more than 10% of their income to their energy bills. 11% of French people, i.e. more than 3 million additional households, acknowledge that they have recently had difficulty in paying their electricity bills. In Afghanistan, 48% of families say they have difficulty in getting hold of what they need for heating or cooking. 20% of their annual expenditure goes on energy supply. Energy efficiency is the least well-known aspect of the energy transition despite being the one that works best because it means saving energy at source. There are two key objectives: home insulation and energy-efficient appliances. In France, Morocco, Cambodia, Mali and Afghanistan, GERES is raising the awareness of households who are in a very precarious financial position. It demonstrates the benefits they could achieve with efficient appliances or good insulation. It advises them and helps them to acquire and use more efficient heating and cooking appliances. For example, in Kabul, more than 2000 households have improved their living conditions by insulating their homes or equipping them with conservatories. In Marseille, 500 families living in energy poverty have received personalized support and small appliances to help them save energy. Source: Sustainable Development Commission, Energy assessment for France 2012

GERES • Annual Report 2013

Fields of activity

6 5 From low carbon to climate solidarity

For collective adoption of renewable energies According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), more than 20% of the world population, 1.4 billion people, have no access to electricity. Faced with atmospheric pollution, the scheduled end to fossil

Global warming undoubtedly constitutes the greatest challenge of our century. Our Earth has already warmed by 0.8°C since 1850 and the increase will be at least 1.7°C by 21005. If we do not take speedy action, temperatures could rise by 4-5°C. This scenario unfortunately reflects current trends in greenhouse gas emissions. To avoid the predicted climate chaos, it is essential for each state, each business and each individual, at their own level, significantly to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions.

In this race against warming, climate solidarity between peoples in both North and South becomes vital. It can limit the deepening of inequalities and vulnerabilities of countries which, already affected by chronic poverty, are also first to suffer the consequences of climate change. GERES is working and fighting on several fronts: taking part in putting together common, equitable positions to reduce global greenhouse gas emissions; raising the local public authorities’ awareness of risk management; supporting the climate plans of local authorities in the South; developing methodologies to boost resilience and adaptation programmes; implementing and replicating low-carbon programmes on a large scale; raising awareness of voluntary, ethical carbon offsetting as a gesture of solidarity and so on. December 2015 will be a historic opportunity for France when it hosts the 21st Conference of the Parties on Climate Change. Within the Climate and Development Committee of Coordination SUD and its own networks, GERES is striving to push the negotiations towards greater climate justice and equity. Source: ”Impacts” component of the 5th report of the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)

Solar panel and mobile telephone charging station in Benin.

fuels and the increasing scarcity of available resources, the energy needs of the entire population can only be met by increasing the share of renewable energies. This must nevertheless be envisaged in close connection with vigorous energy-saving and efficiency policies. Bearing in mind technological progress, renewable energies offer promising prospects: they create jobs and demonstrate unequalled potential to invent simple, smart, alternative models accessible to everyone everywhere. In addition, they can facilitate changes in behaviour towards a lower carbon lifestyle. At the end of 2013, the UN General Assembly unanimously adopted a resolution designating the decade 2014-2024 as the ”Decade of renewable energy for all”. GERES is fully committed to this, together with the public authorities, voluntary sector and businesses which are working to improve and roll out tomorrow’s energy solutions on a mass scale.

GERES • Annual Report 2013

The women and men of GERES

The Board (CA) and committee GERES Board of Directors is made up of voluntary members, elected at the Annual General Meeting. Composition of the Board of Directors as at 31 December 2013:

GERES staffing At 31 December 2013, GERES had 238 direct employees (74 women and 164 men).

The committee President: Thierry Cabirol Vice-president: Frédéric Boeuf Treasurer: Jean-Paul Pruvost Assistant Treasurer: Sophie Ibos Secretary: Éric Buchet

40 people work in France. Staffing is as follows: • 18 employees and 1 apprentice for GERES HQ • 14 employees and 1 intern for GERES France • 6 employees for GERES Expertise 198 people work abroad. Staffing is as follows:

Other Members elected In 2013 Kader Bekkar Jean-Claude Chassagnoux Michel Degrand Guillaud Swan Fauveaud Dominique Fichben Michel Hameli Vincent Priori Régine Teulade-Ness Bernadette Verron Noémie Zambeaux

• 154 under local contracts • 27 under expatriate contracts • 10 under international solidarity volunteer contracts (VSI) • 4 under internship agreements • 3 under consultancy contracts

Staff representation: “Employees in France” group: → Full members: Oriane Assali and Marie-Maud Gérard → Alternates: Sophie Gasquet and Auria Poirier “Expatriates” group: → Full member: Anne Calvel, GERES in Mali → Alternate: Julien Jacquot, GERES in Cambodia

Organization chart Board of Directors Thierry CABIROL President Executive Direction Alain GUINEBAULT Executive Director HQ Administration and Finance Unit (SAF) Anne-Claude BOUVART SAF Director

Human Resources Unit (RH) Nathalie CROIZIER HR Director

Development Unit (DEV) Antoine MARTIN-CHAVE DEV Director

REGIONS West Africa (GAO)

Central Asia (GCA)

South East Asia(GSEA)

Europe Mediterranean (GEM)

GERES Expertise (GEX)

Géraldine PALLIERE West Africa Director

GERES Afghanistan (GAF) Maude PIEGAY GERES Afghanistan Director

Mathieu RUILLET South East Asia Director

Cyril JARNY Europe-Med Director

Olivier NOYELLE GEX Director

GERES Cambodia (GKH) Mathieu RUILLET GERES Cambodia Director

GERES France (GFR) Cyril JARNY GERES France Director

Climate Change Unit (CCU) Marina GAVALDAO Vanessa LAUBIN CCU Representatives

GERES Benin (GBN) Raymond AZOKPOTA GERES Benin Director GERES Mali (GML) Grégoire GAILLY GERES Mali Representative

GERES Mongolia (GMO) Camille NEGRE GERES Mongolia Representative GERES Tajikistan (GTJ) Anne RANDALL GERES Tajikistan Director

GERES Morocco (GMA) Mathieu GOUDET GERES Morocco Representative

StovePlus Julien JACQUOT StovePlus Manager Project support Olivier MUNOS Project Support Representative

CODIR: Executive Board (CODIR in French) constituted by the Executive Director and at least two directors (headquarters or region). CODIR-E: HQ and region directors as a whole make up the Extented Executive Board (CODIR-E in French).

GERES • Annual Report 2013

THE PROJECTS

3,304

589,647 Families or project developers benefiting directly*

entrepreneurs or enterprises supported or assisted*

projects in 14 countries

9 permanent offices

133 technical partners

238 employees

2,774,120 indirect beneficiaries*

56 financial partners

Intervention

Direct

Indirect

Europe Mediterranean South-East Asia Central Asia West Africa

Entrepreneurs: one-person businesses, organizations engaged in economic activity or enterprises directly receiving technical, financial or organizational support in developing their activities

Direct beneficiaries: people or entities (heads of family, institutions, local authorities, project developers, etc.) directly and individually benefiting from a project implemented by GERES.

Indirect beneficiaries: Family members of the direct beneficiaries where a project implemented by GERES actually affects the entire household.

GERES â&#x20AC;˘ Annual Report 2013

Cross-cutting programme

StovePlus: Global dissemination of improved stoves

Financial partners • FFEM – French Global Environmental Facility • World Bank

2.5 billion people in the world rely on biomass (firewood, charcoal and organic waste) for cooking and heating, using inefficient appliances. Household air pollution is responsible for around 4 million premature deaths each year and pressure on wood resources accentuates forest degradation. Because biomass fuels will continue to be the primary source of energy for these people over the coming decades, programmes to disseminate improved stoves are acknowledged as an essential solution for developing countries. They optimize the consumption of user families without disrupting their habits and reduce household air pollution.

It is predicted that the market for appliances using biomass fuels will reach 40 million units per year for poor rural and urban households in Africa and Asia by 2030. With a view to tackling problems in this market, GERES has launched StovePlus, a programme designed to boost the local improved stove production and dissemination sector, by providing support and technical assistance to project developers. After an initial structuring phase, StovePlus was officially launched in June 2013 at the International Cooking Energy Forum in Bonn.

Technical partners • European Union • World Bank • Asian Development Bank • GACC – Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves • WACCA – West African Clean Cooking Alliance • GIZ – German International Co-operation • LIRE – Lao Institute for Renewable Energy • Ever Green social enterprise (Myanmar) • DNE – National Energy Department (Mali) • CNESOLER - National Solar and Renewable Energy Agency (Mali) • AMADER - Domestic Energy and Rural Electrification Agency (Mali) • SNV – Stichting Nederlandse Vrijwilligers Projects can call on programme developers specializing in improved stoves.

Roll-out in eight Asian and African countries In South-East Asia, StovePlus is helping the Laotian government with implementation of the Lao Clean Stove Initiative, in partnership with the local NGO LIRE (Lao Institute for Renewable Energy). The programme’s technical team has also carried out a mission in Burma and Indonesia to prepare projects that will be implemented as of early 2014. In West Africa, Stove Plus is working in Mali to support entrepreneurs in the biomass energy sector. The team co-organized a national workshop on the theme, in partnership with the DNE, AMADER and SNV. Finally, in liaison with ECREEE, the team carried out exploratory missions in Sierra Leone, Burkina Faso and Benin. StovePlus is also engaged in dialogue with the international community in order to promote clean cooking solutions at international events.

GERES • Annual Report 2013

Ludovic BRANLANT, Bio-Energy project leader (Lao Institute For Renewable Energy - LIRE)

“In Laos, the StovePlus team has demonstrated tremendous capacity to adapt, drawing together all the project stakeholders: producers, suppliers and distributors. So far this has been a successful experience which is much appreciated by local operators.”

Cross-cutting XXX programme XXX

Mahama KAPPIAH, Executive Director, ECOWAS Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Centre

“GERES is an important technical partner. Our co-operation in 2013 has been very fruitful and brought about major advances in the field in West Africa.”

Indicators and impacts ►► 6 project developers assisted by StovePlus over one year’s activity ►► Target to disseminate 100 million efficient stoves by 2020

Areas of activity of StovePLUS IN 2013 Direct intervention Target countries

LAOS

PHILIPPINES Wood, accounting for 80%, is the most common cooking fuel in Africa.

Cambodia

Expertise at the service of project developers StovePlus represents the French contribution to the global goal of distributing 100 million efficient stoves by 2020, at the initiative of the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves (GACC). Activities aim to advise leaders, train partners and design high-quality tools. Scaling up in this way can also help to build institutional capacities by facilitating an open dialogue between stakeholders and the international community. StovePlus services take an overall approach tailored to the needs of each project developer: → Baseline assessment → Tests and R&D → Standards and quality seals → Quality control and assurance → Monitoring & evaluation → Research & advocacy → Access to finance → Business development

Indonesia

MALI

BENIN

Sierra Leone

IVORY COAST

GERES • Annual Report 2013

Cross-cutting programme

Co2Solidaire: Voluntary carbon offset programme

To offset your residual CO2 emissions by supporting an ethical, solidarity-based development project, go to www.CO2solidaire.org

2013 has been a year of change for GERES carbon offsetting programme. For the first time since its creation, CO2Solidaire opened its doors to other associations. This new model strengthens synergies with other project developers to promote ethical, transparent carbon. 2013 has also been a creative year in terms of awareness-raising. Continuing the extension work begun in 2012 to explain the principle of climate solidarity and carbon offsetting, CO2Solidaire has helped to produce four videos presenting projects that can be supported. Due to the financial crisis and their economic difficulties, some businesses felt unable to continue their

patnership this year. At the same time, some substantial agreements came to an end. Nevertheless, despite this fragile environment, CO2Solidaire is still welcoming new partners. 13 new organizations committed to working with us in 2013. They include the Prince Albert II de Monaco Foundation, the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region and certain high-profile events such as the Ecocity Summit and Elysée Summit for Peace and Security in Africa. In 2014, the CO2Solidaire programme will be 10 years old, an anniversary that we shall celebrate with all our partners by imagining and designing projects for the next decade.

Indicator and impacts ► 132 partners committed to Climate Solidarity since the start of the programme ► 11 new organizations committing in 2013 ► 16,702 TeqCO2 offset in 2013, representing the annual emissions of 907 4-person French households

Innovation workshop on Climate Solidarity at the “Partners Meetings” in April 2013.

GERES • Annual Report 2013

Cross-cutting XXX programme XXX Opening up to two associations Having chosen until then only to offer carbon credits arising from GERES projects, CO 2Solidaire opened up its programme to two other French associations: Initiative Développement and Bleu-Blanc-Cœur. Rather than positioning itself as a buyer/retailer of carbon credits, it offered to act as a facilitator. The purpose was to acknowledge and promote authentic initiatives by developers of alternative projects without increasing numbers of middlemen. Since 1994, the NGO Initiative Développement (ID) has been assisting disadvantaged communities in the South. ID’s Renewable Energy Unit is developing energy and environmental projects (biogas, low-energy cookers, improved distillation and reafforestation) in China, the Comoros, Congo Brazzaville, Haiti and Chad with the aim of improving the environment and living conditions of beneficiaries. An association governed by the French law of 1901, Bleu-Blanc-Cœur (BBC) was set up to promote healthy, responsible farming. It seeks to take account of environmental and nutritional objectives in agricultural production. BBC products (eggs, meat, dairy produce, flour and bread) have less saturated fat and Omega-6 fatty acids and more Omega-3. As a result, they provide more balanced nutrition.

CUS

The first French local offsetting Through the Eco-Méthane project developed by the Bleu-Blanc-Cœur Association, it is now possible to offset greenhouse gas emissions on French territory. Via CO2Solidaire, companies, local authorities or individuals can support this project, which helps to reduce the gut fermentation (methane – CH4) of cows and encourage the production of natural Omega 3 by introducing linseed into their diet.

GERES • Annual Report 2013

CENTRAL ASIA

CENTRAL ASIA GERES work in Central Asia mainly focuses on housing and agriculture: energy-saving for homes; low-energy cooking and heating appliances; and support for family farming through improvement of farming techniques. The proposed solutions stress the existing market, affordability, local skills and social acceptance. To achieve its objectives, the team is consolidating its regional organization.

Mongolia Tajikistan Since 2011, GERES has been working in Sughd province to develop sustainable farming techniques meeting people’s needs, whilst preserving natural resources. At the same time, bioclimatic solutions such as double glazing, home insulation and improved stoves are being disseminated in order to improve the indoor comfort/fuel consumption ratio.

A country of mountains and high plateaux, Mongolia experiences long, very harsh winters that restrict the farming season to three or four months per year. Although Ulan-Bator holds the record as the coldest capital in the world, the country does enjoy significant sunshine, earning it the nickname “the blue sky country”. Since 2010, GERES has been harnessing this important source of solar power to improve growing under glass. The “passive solar greenhouse” innovation is now being rolled out on a wider scale to support family farming.

MONGOLIA

TAJIKISTAN

AFGHANISTAN

Afghanistan The semi-arid, mountainous continental climate brings harsh winters and very hot summers. Scarce rainfall does not allow for rapid renewal of natural resources. Fuel prices for heating and cooking are considered exorbitant by most Afghan households. In Kabul, GERES is building the capacities of local businesses and craftsmen and spreading the word about techniques to help families save energy. In Bamyan province, in partnership with two NGOs, GERES has undertaken a holistic project to ensure sustainable use of natural resources.

GERES • Annual Report 2013

Indian Himalayas

Indian Himalayas Following more than 25 years working in the Indian Himalayas and the completion at the end of 2012 of the project to construct 1000 passive solar buildings, and before withdrawing from Ladakh, GERES transferred responsibility to the local organizations for capitalizing knowledge of bioclimatic solutions and disseminating them amongst the local population.

AFGHANISTAN

Energy efficiency and bioclimatic techniques in urban housing

Mohammad WALI, Carpenter in Kabul

“Before, we had no work during the summer. With this project, we are all very busy. I can’t do the work on my own so I have recruited four people to help me. It’s a way of creating jobs.”

Financial partners • AFD – French Development Agency • Abbé Pierre Foundation • Legallais Foundation 75% of households in Kabul think passive solar building is a relevant solution that meets their needs.

Kabul is experiencing unprecedented urban growth with a population of 4.5 million, 48% of whom say they have difficulty meeting their energy needs. However, with 300 days’ sunshine per year, solar architecture has become a relevant solution for 75% of homes. Since 2012, in co-operation with the city council, GERES has been working in three districts (5, 7 and 8) of Kabul to make long-term improvements to homes through implementation of bioclimatic solutions based on solar architecture (wood or metal conservatories) and insulation (windows, walls and roof ). An improved stove is also in the research and development phase.

In this project, economic development as the kingpin of the production line. 37 local craftsmen have been trained in bioclimatic techniques and have received support in organizing their businesses. Focusing on the small business sector is key to long-term viability and skill transfer. In 2013, 111 demonstration sites and 1000 homes were fitted out by the craftsmen. In 2014, GERES will begin setting up associations of independent craftsmen, which will enable them help each other, co-ordinate their efforts, improve quality control and organize marketing more efficiently. Finally, a catalogue listing available products will facilitate communication with customers and institutional stakeholders.

Indicators and impacts ►► 1000 conservatories built in Kabul by end 2013, 75% of which have been combined with an insulation technique

Technical partners • SAB – Solidarity Afghanistan Belgium • ACBAR – Agency Co-ordinating Body for Afghan Relief and Development • Kabul city council

CUS

The conservatory, an additional living space Placed adjacent to the southern side of the house, the conservatory significantly extends the house’s living area. In winter, it makes a very comfortable living room where the average temperature stabilizes at around 20°C during the day. In summer, with the plastic cover taken off, the wooden structure becomes a shady terrace. Residents use it to support climbing plants.

►► 6 techniques and types of equipment developed and available locally ►► 3100 beneficiary families, i.e. 31,000 people ►► 85 micro-entrepreneurs supported and organized via a craftsmen’s association ►► 331,000 people made aware of solar architecture and wishing to adopt the technique in their homes ►► 343 institutional stakeholders involved in implementation, relaying information and developing local policies based on energy efficiency ►► 866,600 inhabitants reached by communications campaigns

GERES • Annual Report 2013

AFGHANISTAN

Rural development in the central highlands of Afghanistan

Financial partner • AFD – French Development Agency Technical partners • MADERA • Solidarité International

On the high plateaux of the central regions of Afghanistan, cropping – the primary source of income for 86% of households – and herding are the mainstay of the local economy. In this isolated mountain environment where natural resources (water, soil and grazing) are scarce and threatened with over-exploitation, GERES and its partners MADERA and Solidarité Internationale are taking an integrated, synergetic and sustainable approach to rural development. The study conducted during the second half of 2013 helped to complete the technical, socio-economic and institutional assessments needed to ensure the smooth future operation of the programme. As of 2014, with the supporting foundations laid, the

project will help to enhance the sustainability of cropping and herding whilst improving access to water and grazing, as well as collective management of these resources. It is vital for these communities, who are amongst the most vulnerable in the country (with a poverty rate above the national average: 55.7% as against 35.8% nationally), to improve energy resilience in winter whilst limiting natural resource depletion. To ensure the transfer of knowledge, know-how and techniques in this three-pronged operational approach – cropping and herding; natural resource management and preservation; and access to energy and energy efficiency – the skills acquired throughout the project will be shared with the local authorities and main stakeholders.

An integrated rural development approach The “agriculture-energy-natural resources” triptych, which lies at the heart of the integrated approach, requires careful co-ordination of the activities undertaken. Because they are interdependent and complementary, these three components must necessarily be seen in relation to each other. On the one hand, reducing consumption of resources and biomass fuels requires low-energy solutions (improved stoves, insulation and solar architecture) while, on the other, resource sustainability also depends on better community management and use of water, soil and grazing. In the heart of Hazarajâ, a vast highland territory, work focuses on Bamyan province and the two adjacent districts of Wardak province.

Indicators and expected impacts ►► 10 low-energy solutions (conservatories, improved stoves and insulation techniques) validated through R&D, available for implementation ►► 303 demonstration sites presenting the benefits of low-energy solutions ►► 391,000 inhabitants of Bamyan and Wardak provinces benefiting from the project’s cross-cutting approach ►► 2700 low-energy solutions disseminated ►► 85 local craftsmen and retailers trained and supported by the programme ►► Awareness-raising in 27 schools on energy-saving issues and instruction in eco-friendly practices ►► In total, 326,000 inhabitants will be more aware of energy-saving issues

GERES • Annual Report 2013

MONGOLIA

Dissemination of passive solar greenhouses to support vegetable production Financial partners • EU – European Union • DCI Monaco – Official Development Aid and International Co-Operation • Humus endowment fund • Synergie solaire endowment fund • Technical partners • Arkhangai Herders’ Federation • AVSF – Agronomes et Vétérinaires Sans Frontières • Government of Arkhangai

Improving nutrition, supporting food security

►► 45 new families producing and processing their vegetables in 2013

In Mongolia, meals are exclusively comprised of meat and dairy produce. Whilst one third of the population suffers from food insecurity and 27% of children under five have growth retardation due to malnutrition, 70% of children over 15 are overweight or obese. The main causes of mortality are cardiovascular diseases, the consequence of too much salt, fat and sugar in the diet*. The greenhouse helps to raise families’ awareness of the benefits of vegetables in a balanced diet. The mass dissemination of this innovation and the associated farming techniques should help to diversify the diet and significantly improve communities’ nutrition.

►► In total, 404 families in three provinces have benefited since the start of the project

*Source: Mongolian national statistics 2012

Comprising 3 double brick walls, a wooden structure facing due South and a plastic cover, the greenhouse absorbs solar energy during the day and releases the stored heat at night.

Mongolia is a country with extreme climatic conditions, featuring long, harsh winters and a growing season restricted to three or four months per year in summer. Since 2012, GERES has been encouraging the economic development of 45 farming households. These rural families, who are amongst the most vulnerable in Arkhangai region, can engage in small-scale agricultural entrepreneurship. In 2013, in 10 sums (villages), solid

foundations were laid for vegetable production: 14 passive solar greenhouses were built, doubling the duration of the vegetable production season; 14 groups of vegetable gardeners were trained in sowing and harvesting techniques and vegetable processing. This enabled them to produce 50 tonnes of potatoes and 12.5 tonnes of other vegetables. Nevertheless, marketing remains a challenge for these farmers, as some vegetables are unfamiliar to local people and the more

common ones have to compete with cheaper products from China. To help them promote their activity, GERES has encouraged the farmers to take part in agricultural fairs and offer their products to local buyers such as schools, hospitals or restaurants. Simultaneously, training in nutrition and cooking courses are opening up possibilities for marketing jars of cooked vegetables and improving the beneficiary families’ winter food security.

Indicators and impacts ►► The growing season has doubled, rising from 4 to 8 months ►► 14 new greenhouses built in Arkhangai in 2013, making a total of 164 greenhouses since the start of the project

►► 200 schoolchildren made aware of nutritional issues ►► 50 school and hospital cooks took part in cooking courses in 2013 ►► 2 builders trained in passive solar energy technology and able to build passive solar greenhouses and bioclimatic cellars

GERES • Annual Report 2013

TAJIKISTAN

Sustainable rural development In Tajikistan, 73% of the population live in rural areas and depend on subsistence farming. Due to the geographical conditions that constrain both agricultural production (mountainous area, low rainfall and soil degradation) and access to markets, the inhabitants of Aini and Asht districts are in a vulnerable position. GERES also works in the north of the country to disseminate low-energy solutions.

Muhtaram ATOBULLOEVA, beneficiary of a bioclimatic cellar, Jamoat Fondaryo (Aini district)

Strengthening the economy and disseminating good practice in agriculture

“Before and with a lot of difficulty, I kept apples in a small area under the house. Now, with the bioclimatic cellar, I can keep 2 tonnes of apples in excellent condition between November and March. While the price of apples during the season is only TJS 2 per kilo, I can now sell 100-150 kg every week at TJS 3 per kilo.”

Since 2011, GERES has been working to develop agro-ecological solutions appropriate to local circumstances: greenhouses, bioclimatic cellars and solar henhouses. 82 training courses have shown producers how to use the new techniques. 2013 saw production of some 8 tonnes of tomatoes, cucumbers and aromatic herbs and the preparation of 6000 seeds.

64 tonnes of apples were stored in bioclimatic cellars, enabling producers to increase their income by at least 30%. This latter results exceeded the project’s expectations. At the same time, equipment supply is accompanied by training in sustainable resource management techniques, focusing initially on soil and water. The courses include information on

best practice such as composting, crop rotation and drip irrigation. In 2014, GERES will step up its efforts, conducting an evaluation of community vulnerability to climate change (causes, manifestations and consequences) which will enable the local authorities to gain a better grasp of these phenomena and improve advocacy and their coping strategies.

CUS

Family agriculture: user guide To assist user families in Tajikistan, three brochures have been published on growing techniques - under glass or soilless (proper use of the greenhouse, appropriate food crops, monitoring harvests, composting, etc.) - and conservation in the cellars (storage, temperature, size, etc.).

Four techniques (composting, mulching for winter, drip irrigation and rainwater harvesting) help to improve the agricultural practices and income of small farmers.

GERES • Annual Report 2013

TAJIKISTAN

In addition to the conservatory, 40% energy savings can be made through insulating walls and installing double glazing.

Energy efficiency and bioclimatic solutions for housing Tajik families devote 20% of their budgets to purchasing fuel. This is primarily due to poor insulation of homes and inefficient heating and cooking techniques. In 2013, GERES provided 31 women with training to manufacture improved stoves known as “Nepali Stoves”, which consume less fuel than the stoves habitually used in Tajikistan. GERES also trained 20 carpenters to construct double-glazed windows. In 2000 houses, indoor comfort has increased as a result of insulation of windows, walls and roof. In

Financial partners

2014, local craftsmen will receive training in marketing and business management techniques in order to increase sales of improved stoves and doubleglazed windows in the medium term. Furthermore, GERES will train 70 more craftsmen in energy-saving solutions. By March 2015, GERES will have distributed 600 improved stoves and equipped 200 homes with double glazing, without any subsidy. The “zero subsidy” strategy has been adopted to ensure the continuation of the project after its donor funding comes to an end.

Mahmudjon TOSHMATOV, beneficiary of an insulated house, Jamoat Oshoba (Asht district)

”Now that my house has been insulated, it remains warm throughout the night. We can save TJS 600 per year on our energy consumption whilst keeping a pleasant temperature!”

Project indicators and impacts

• EU – European Union • GIZ – German international co-operation • Abbé Pierre Foundation • WECF – Women in Europe for a Common Future

►► 40% energy savings through double glazing and insulation of the walls of 200 homes

Technical partners

►► 31 women trained in stove manufacturing techniques

• ASDP Nau – Agency Supporting the Development Process • WECF – Women in Europe for a Common Future

►► In total, 87 greenhouses, 46 cellars and 7 henhouses have been built since the start of the project

►► The cellars increase beneficiaries’ income by at least 30%. ►► 384 producers adopting best practice in soil and water management ►► 400 farmers have begun composting

GERES • Annual Report 2013

Indian Himalayas

Capitalization and dissemination of “energy and housing” knowledge Between 2008 and 2012, GERES has adapted energy-efficient techniques to the Himalayan context and rolled them out on a wide scale. GERES has adapted energy-efficient techniques to the Himalayan context and rolled them out on a wide scale. In total, 1004 families have significantly improved their living conditions. 237 masons and carpenters have been trained. An environmental impact

study has shown reductions of around 60% in fuel consumption. The challenge for 2013 was to capitalize and disseminate the knowledge gained from this fouryear project. As a result, a resource centre was set up in Leh. Managed by one of the project’s local NGO partners, it makes all the documentation promoting solar architecture, building insulation and energy-efficient techniques available to

all inhabitants of the region. In order to raise awareness, a broad communications campaign was conducted in 2013 with 10 radio programmes and two TV programmes. 30 local events were organized, attracting more than 2000 visitors. Moreover, the centre ran several training courses to enhance local artisans’ skills. After 30 years in Ladakh, GERES is withdrawing from the country.

Dominique Cécile Varnat, International solidarity manager, Abbé Pierre Foundation

“On a mission to Ladakh to look at the passive solar house programme, I was able to see the way GERES works and assess the relevance of the organizational set-up. My satisfaction is total. I finally understood the technical process of passive solar. I saw several houses, met many beneficiaries and visited the resource centre and two other information points … The professional and human qualities of the teams aroused my enthusiasm. Seeing work in the field is of course quite different from talking about it seated around a table in France!”

The resource centre built in Leh is managed by our 3 local NGOs partners, LEDeG, LEHO et LNP.

Financial partners • Abbé Pierre Foundation • Foundation Ensemble Technical partners • LAHDC – Leh Autonomous Hill Development Council • LEDeG – Leh Ecological Development Group • LEHO – Ladakh and Health Organization • LNP – Leh Nutrition Project

GERES • Annual Report 2013

IndicatORS AND impacts ►► 1004 families have improved their own living conditions and are helping to raise others’ awareness ►► 237 masons and carpenters trained in the techniques are able to build bioclimatic houses ►► 11 local information centres continue to promote energy efficiency and bioclimatic solutions in Kargil and Leh districts ►► 30 local events organized in 2013, attracting 2000 visitors ►► 10 radio programmes and two TV programmes broadcast in 2013

In this region where wood energy still accounts for a significant proportion of the energy mix, sound management of biomass resources is a key challenge. Although economic development may foster the emergence of other energy sources, the population is growing and so is demand for wood and charcoal. South-East Asia still has areas of primary forest, the realities of the economy and the market are not conducive to conservation of this ressource wealth. Forests are disappearing in favour of intensive farming or the market for rare hardwood. GERES is striving to ensure that communities can continue to use their natural resources to meet their day-to-day energy needs.

South-East ASIA

CAMBODIA

Cambodia In Cambodia, GERES is working all along the wood energy supply chain. On the forestry side, projects are helping communities with more efficient management of the resource to ensure its sustainability. On the user side, GERES is developing solutions to reduce fuel consumption: producing efficient charcoal, low-energy domestic cookers and other technologies appropriate to local circumstances. A particular feature of this operation is that GERES relies on the local private sector alone to disseminate its solutions. By focusing its efforts on the development and transfer of appropriate solutions through training for micro-entrepreneurs and strengthening existing sectors, GERES is generating not only environmental but also social and economic impacts.

GERES â&#x20AC;˘ Annual Report 2013

CAMBODIA

Sustainable forest management in the Cardamones mountains Financial partners • UNDP – United Nations Development Programme • GEF – Global Environment Facility Technical partner • Cambodian forestry administration • MIME – Cambodian Ministry of Energy • MOE – Cambodian Ministry of Environment • Forestry administration of Pursat, Battambang, Kampong speu and Kampong Chhnang provinces • Provincial energy offices of Pursat, Battambang, Kampong speu and Kampong Chhnang provinces • REFOCTC – Regional Forest Community Training Centre • Mlup baitong

Started in 2012, the Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) project is a perfect illustration of GERES work in Cambodia. Steered by the forestry administration, it aims to roll out all the solutions developed by GERES over the past 10 years. 20 isolated villages in four provinces located close to one of the main forested areas in the Kingdom, the Cardamones mountain range, are benefiting from the operation. A lot is at stake for GERES here: through this project, the local and provincial public authorities are taking ownership of the solutions and disseminating them via local micro-entrepreneurs. In this way, if they prove fruitful and sustainable, the solutions introduced by this project could be replicated by the public authorities themselves, at least in the four project provinces.

This is therefore a large-scale project involving the majority of GERES field teams: • offering forest communities management plans to ensure sustainable use of the plots for which they are responsible; • setting up “green” charcoal production centres, supporting their appropriation by village communities and ensuring their economic viability; • training and supporting rural micro-entrepreneurs to become producers of improved stoves and thereby increase the penetration rate of these low-energy cooking appliances in the isolated rural areas targeted by the project. GERES wishes to demonstrate that woodfuels can be managed sustainably at the level of one region from collection through to processing and end use. In 2013, the village and forest communities involved were trained to take part in the project. GERES coordinated the construction arm of the charcoal production centres, validated the forestry plans and identified and trained the new producers of improved stoves, while involving (local and provincial) government partners to enable them to take ownership of the solutions and be capable of reproducing them themselves.

Chay SARAN, forestry administration head ranger, Pursat province

“I’ve noticed a real change in the forest communities. They now know how to take an inventory of resources and how to harvest the wood so that the forest can regenerate. Furthermore, charcoal production has helped them to earn more income.” Training of a village community to manage the plots for which it will be responsible.

IndicatOrs AND impacts ►► 64,570 km2 of forest benefiting from a management plan to ensure regeneration ►► 250 villagers trained to adopt the solutions ►► 60 staff of Cambodian administrations receiving training ►► 20 beneficiary villages

GERES • Annual Report 2013

CAMBODGE

Dissemination of improved cookstoves

indicators and impacts ►► 2,956,448 improved stoves disseminated between the start of the project and end December 2013 ►► 1,274,000 user families ►► 296 producers and distributors belonging to the ICoProDAC association ►► 2,008,739 TeqCO2 avoided in 10 years ►► 1,613,311 tonnes of wood saved

Financial partners • blue moon fund • UNDP – United Nations Development Programme • GEF – Global Environment Facility • CO2solidaire & NBO Technical partners Craftsmen, distributors and producers come together in the ICoProDAC association which will soon be celebrating its 10th year of existence.

GERES flagship activity, the dissemination of improved stoves in Cambodia, had an eventful year in 2013. After 10 years’ work, the “New Lao Stove” project came to the end of its crediting period for carbon finance. But that does not mean an end to dissemination of these stoves. Quite the opposite! With almost 3 million stoves sold to date, the success of this 100% local model, based on an existing production and distribution network, needs no further proof. As demonstrated by the SFM project, the issues of low-energy cooking and sustainable management of wood energy are now on the agenda of the Cambodian government and GERES is continuing its support to the value chain to develop the sector, enable it to evolve with the market and ensure its long-term viability.

Enhancing the skills of the micro-entrepreneurs Improved stoves in Cambodia are much more than a simple development project. A real economic activity sector has been organized, which now provides several hundred families with a regular income. GERES is keen gradually to transfer management of the sector to its stakeholders. Quality control, monitoring of sales and management of the distribution network should eventually be entirely managed by

• Cambodian Forestry Administration • ICS – Cambodian Standards Institute • MIME – Cambodian Ministry of Industry, Mines and Energy

the ICoProDAC association, the inter-professional co-operative set up by GERES 10 years ago.

Introduction of a Rocket Stove in 2014 Having introduced two models of improved stoves on the Cambodian market, GERES is innovating with a second charcoal-fired model. Soon to be launched on the market, this new stove is based on the technology of the rocket stove. It has been adapted to the local context by GERES R&D team and given the temporary name “Khmer Rocket Stove”. It is now the most economical charcoal-fired domestic cooking appliance in Cambodia. It uses 25% less charcoal than the NLS and targets the urban and semi-urban families who are the main consumers of this ever more expensive traditional fuel. 2013 was devoted to technical testing and market positioning work. In 2014, the team will concentrate on mobilizing stakeholders and the necessary funding to set up a production unit and launch the economic activity.

10 years of carbon finance Between 2003 and 2013, the NLS was placed on the carbon market. The credits generated the necessary funding to scale up the project.

The United Nations Foundation organizes the 2013 clean cooking forum with GERES The Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves chose Phnom Penh as host city for its two-yearly forum. 500 sector professionals got together to exchange good practice and discover GERES successful projects. A splendid acknowledgement of the work done and a lot of shared pride for the local team.

GERES • Annual Report 2013

CAMBODIA

Production of “green” charcoal Financial partners • EEP – Energy and Environment Partnership Mekong • Finnish Ministry of Foreign Affairs • Nordic development funds Technical partners • Vitri – Forest Sciences Department – Helsinki University • Arbonaut • MIME – Cambodian Ministry of Industry, Mines and Energy • Cambodian forestry administration • Forestry administration of Pursat and Kampong Chhnang

The dissemination of carbonization kilns to produce green charcoal was stepped up in 2013. The first pilot phase was completed in March 2013 and the teams have since worked to replicate the lessons learned in connection with the SFM project. Until then, charcoal production had been entirely controlled by the informal sector, but the forestry administration and Ministry of Mines and Energy decided to join forces to take over the solution developed by GERES. Aiming at sustainable management of the wood resource, the processing method has been optimized

indicators and impacts ►► 68 villagers engaged in producing green charcoal ►► 11,258 kg of green charcoal produced and sold in 2013

Restoring the dignity of illegal charcoal producers

In the long run, this project’s ambitions go beyond mere environmental impacts. The operation is also designed to improve the working conditions, enhance the livelihoods and restore the dignity of these rural communities who presently work completely illegally to provide the kingdom’s major urban centres with charcoal for domestic cooking. In 2013, 37% of Cambodian households were using charcoal for cooking and demand is constantly increasing. The main users are located in urban or peri-urban areas where gathering wood is impossible.

A more efficient carbonization process can result in 40% wood savings.

GERES • Annual Report 2013

to make combustion more efficient and produce better quality charcoal (40% wood saving compared to the traditional process). This sign of recognition from our government partners has encouraged the teams to pursue their efforts to make this model sustainable from both an environmental and an economic and social perspective. Significant challenges remain, particularly the need to make rural communities’ efforts profitable, as they have to compete with traditional charcoal sold at a price that does not take the value of the wood into account and pays producers very little.

CAMBODIA

Agro-forestry at the service of farming communities

Vorn SOKNA, woman farmer, Kampong Chhnang province

“With GERES, we have been well trained, we now know exactly the right season for planting, how to obtain high yields and how to produce compost. I now want to share what I’ve learned with other members of my community.”

The small farmers of Kampong Chhnang can receive training in agro-ecological and agro-forestry techniques.

In Kampong Chhnang province, a farming area threatened by advanced soil degradation, GERES teams are providing small farmers with technical assistance to boost their resilience to the consequences of climate change. Soil impoverishment, drought and floods jeopardize their harvests and endanger their livelihoods. This project assist the farmers with 3 components: Farmer training: The project provides these small farmers with full training in agro-ecological and agro-forestry techniques. The latter enable them to improve the resistance of their soils to increasingly extreme climatic conditions, whilst improving yields. During 2013, GERES co-ordinated the organization of 47 training sessions for 51 farmers who will in their turn share good practice with their peers. Nursery management: To encourage the adoption of the sound agro-ecological practices advocated by GERES and allow trees to be planted in the area, three commercial tree nurseries have been set up. They are managed by small-scale village entrepreneurs with technical and material support from GERES. 42,000 seedlings have been sold to local farmers, generating a turnover of USD900 for the nurserymen.

The resource and information centre: While the training sessions help to develop farmers’ agro-ecological knowledge, the resource and information centre offers complementary support services to all villagers at their request: improvement of farming techniques, adoption of sensible, sustainable and more energy-efficient practices, etc. This centre, which opened in 2013, also demonstrates all the solutions that GERES is implementing in Cambodia: agro-ecological techniques, water retention pond, live hedging, composting area, nursery, low-energy kilns for palm sugar production (an income-generating activity for many farmers during the dry season) and efficient domestic cooking appliances. The villagers are invited to attend the centre regularly. Its doors are always open and they can come to see the impacts of the recommended practices over time. Visual media and a duty officer can provide them with information and advice to optimize their activities.

Financial partners • CARF – Cambodian Fund for Research in Farming • ACIAR –Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research • APFED – Asia-Pacific Forum on Environment and Development • TEI – Thai Environmental Institute Technical partners • Cambodian forestry administration • Forestry administration of Kampong chhnang

indicators and impacts ►► 3 independent nursery owners managing their micro-enterprise ►► 51 small farmers attending the agro-agricultural training programme

GERES • Annual Report 2013

CAMBODIA

Viability of solutions through transfer to the private sector

Narein SOURN, Sovannak enterprise

“I realized that it wasn’t simple to manage a business. But during the six months’ incubation, I received the technical and moral support I needed to succeed. Now I employ people and am proud to help small-scale sugar producers improve their living standards thanks to my business.”

This driver is employed by the social enterprise SGFE. Supported by GERES before becoming completely independent, SGFE won the Ashden Award for Avoided Deforestation in May 2014.

In Cambodia, the private sector has always been at the heart of GERES field operations. This allows solutions to be adopted and maintained beyond the end of the project run by the NGO. GERES constant experience is that innovations also provide genuine economic opportunities for craftsmen, micro-entrepreneurs, investors and social entrepreneurs.

Strengthening rural micro-entrepreneurs

indicators and impacts ►► 2 social entrepreneurs trained by GERES have taken over sustainable businesses

GERES • Annual Report 2013

For over five years, GERES has been working handin-hand with networks of micro-entrepreneurs: producers and distributors of low-energy stoves, small farmers and rural micro-entrepreneurs, forest communities and traditional charcoal producers... These entrepreneurs develop their businesses on the basis of the technical innovations that GERES encourages them to adapt to the local situation and market. Training in entrepreneurship and business management assistance undoubtedly improve their

living standards. From being the most vulnerable in the country, these people now have enough skills and strengths to imagine a long-term future.

The business incubator success story Following the successful transfer of the SGFE plant (producing charcoal briquettes from recycled material) to an independent entrepreneur, GERES incubated a new social enterprise in 2013. This emerged from the Sovannak palm sugar project aimed at improving small-scale palm sugar production through the introduction of an efficient kiln. Based in Phnom Penh, Sovannak Enterprise is now a small private business that sells superior quality, eco-friendly palm sugar on the local market and for export. Narein Sourn, a former GERES employee involved in developing the brand and distribution network, took over and developed the business in his own name following a six-month entrepreneurship training course run by GERES.

CAMBODIA

Consolidation of biomass expertise Project developers need to be able to rely on solid data if they are to ensure the effectiveness of activities in the field. Multidisciplinary technical teams and a long-term strategy have enabled GERES to develop exclusive expertise and knowledge in the field of biomass energy in Cambodia.

Flowood: a study to understand biomass users

G-bel: the specialist biomass laboratory opens up to the outside Set up to test and validate GERES technology in the fields of domestic cooking appliances and improved biomass fuels, G-bel (Geres Biomass Energy Laboratory) is now seeking to become a reference point for biomass testing throughout the region. In addition to supporting GERES projects, the laboratory offers services to all stakeholders in the region (NGOs, businesses, universities, etc.). However, to put together a national biomass energy strategy reaching beyond domestic use, GERES needs to understand the mechanisms that govern the wood energy sector in terms of both the resource and demand and use.

G-BEL partners • Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves • SNV Laos & Vietnam – Netherlands volunteer foundation, Laos and Vietnam • lire Laos – Laotian Institute for Renewable Energy • Cambodian Standards Institute • Cambodian Ministry of Environment • Local authorities of Battambang, Kampong speu, Pursat and Kampong Chhnang provinces • Mlup Batong regional community forestry training centre • Cambodian forestry administration

The “Flowood” study is contributing to this effort by looking in detail at the 11 main sectors using biomass in Cambodia, excluding large industries. Forestry is still informal in Cambodia and there are very few studies or documentation on the subject. In 2013, GERES therefore decided to launch a large study of the major users of fuelwood (brick production, tobacco drying, fish smoking, salt refining, etc.) in order to get a better understanding of their practices and biomass consumption. The aim is twofold: identify the sectors where GERES expertise would be relevant and then design tomorrow’s projects. Flowood should also help to show government and financial partners the usefulness of a “biomass energy observatory” in Cambodia.

9 RTKC (Regional Testing and Knowledge Centre) approved laboratories in the world

The “Flowood” study takes a detailed look at eleven main sectors of activity that use biomass, such as fish smoking seen here.

The vocation of the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves is to facilitate the dissemination of improved stoves in developing countries. In order to help project developers take decisions, nine testing and research laboratories have received support and training in different regions of the world to develop service provision that meets international standards in respect of testing of cooking appliances or biomass fuel. G-BEL is one of them and GERES is helping to set other laboratories up in other countries in the sub-region.

GERES • Annual Report 2013

West Africa

West Africa Having started work in West Africa 10 years ago, GERES is continuing to apply its specialist expertise in three fields of activity: access to rural energy in the interests of economic development; improving the efficiency of cooking methods; and supporting local authorities to take account of vulnerabilities related to climate change. On top of this comes support to entrepreneurship, a cross-cutting aspect of all our programmes. In 2013, GERES West Africa had 50 staff members in five branch offices, in Benin, Mali and Senegal.

Mali The team in Mali, 21 people in 2013 in two branch offices, continued to steer a steady course despite the security and political crisis at the beginning of the year, which fortunately ended in renewed political stability. In Bamako, the team is working to improve cooking efficiency in urban areas with a view to economic, health and environmental impacts. The team based in Koutiala is working in the rural areas of Koutiala and Yorosso cercles on the problems of access to energy in the interests of local economic development.

SENEGAL

MALI

BENIN

GERES • Annual Report 2013

Senegal

Benin

Ferlo is the Sahelian face of Senegal. The extreme variability of the climate affects communities’, especially pastoralists’, livelihoods. This led five Senegalese regions to set up the Ferlo Interregional Alliance to ensure integrated management of their territory. In 2013, GERES continued its support begun in 2012 to the Ferlo Alliance to assist it in preparing a Territorial Climate Plan. Activities are carried out by a limited team based in Saint Louis with support from inhouse expertise.

The rural areas of southern Benin are diversifying their activities on the basis of considerable entrepreneurial dynamism. However, this process is seriously hindered by the lack of access to energy. Solutions to provide access to a sustainable, reliable energy source need to be identified and adapted. This is the purpose of the work carried out by the GERES Benin team, combining technical solutions and support to entrepreneurship. With a team of 22 people, two large-scale projects were implemented in Zou département, while a study was undertaken in Ouémé département.

West Africa

Climate and energy in West Africa (CEnAO) Biomass is the most important source of energy consumed in West Africa, particularly for cooking. An improved stove helps to reduce wood consumption; emissions of CO2 and harmful particles; and household expenditure. Launched in Mali in 2011, the CEnAO programme aims to increase the production and dissemination of existing improved stoves. At the end of 2013, investment was made in partner enterprises to develop their production tools. An assessment of the different links in the chain (production, assembly and distribution) was conducted and a scaling up strategy for the sector was worked out with those partners. To ensure funding of this stra-

tegy, CEnAO put in place all the necessary elements for obtaining carbon finance. 2014 will see implementation of the strategy and validation of the carbon programme with two international standards. In addition, the work done in Bamako has attracted attention at national and sub-regional levels: GERES is playing an active role in the ECOWAS WACCA (West African Clean Cooking Alliance) initiative and co-organized a national workshop in October 2013. Technical support to the national laboratory responsible for testing improved stoves is planned for 2014.

Financial partners • AFD – French Development Agency • ADEME – Environment and Energy Management Agency • Crédit Coopératif • Prince Albert II de Monaco Foundation • Lord Michelham of Hellingly Foundation • KfW – Kreditanstalt für Wiederaufbau Technical partners • AMADER – Malian Domestic Energy and Rural Electrification Agency • CNESOLER – Centre National Solar and Renewable Energy Agency • AFOVERT company • GIE PFA – Economic Interest Group, improved stove project • Kognoumani Unit

indicators and impacts ►► 15,000 Wassa improved stoves disseminated in 2013 ►► 15,000 households or 105,000 people enjoying the stove’s benefits ►► One SME (9 employees), one producer group (17 producers) and 47 retailers (grouped together in an association since early 2014) have received economic support

The Kognoumani ceramic liner production unit in Bamako employs six people and makes between 3000 and 4000 pieces per month.

A web documentary to get a better idea of the issues “Wassa: Spotlight on a sustainable stove” offers immersion at the heart of the improved stoves value chain in Bamako. From manufacture through to end use, you will find out about the benefits of and main constraints on running a sustainable value chain. You will discover the different stages, entrepreneurial difficulties and local economic complexity affecting producers, distributors and housewives. WEB: http://webdocs.co2solidaire.org/wassa/#Navigation

Abdoulaye DEME, Director of the Kognoumani unit and President of the producers’ Economic Interest Group

“We are not able to meet demand for improved stoves at present. GERES is supporting me and helping to find out how we can double my production capacity to satisfy the market.”

GERES • Annual Report 2013

West Africa

Short jatropha supply chain and access to energy West African countries need to find solutions so that scattered rural communities can have access to energy and thereby improve their living conditions. There are presently few viable, reliable and affordable solutions. Jatropha could be one under certain conditions. GERES is running two pilot

projects, in Mali and Benin, designed to assess the relevance and position of short Jatropha supply chains as a rural energy access solution. It is working alongside IRAM in JatroREF, the West African network for sharing experience and establishing benchmarks for Jatropha supply chains.

Local biofuels, rural territories and Energy (ALTERRE) In Mali 2013 was a particularly successful year for the ALTERRE local farmer biofuel project in Koutiala: a considerably increased Jatropha seed harvest (47 tonnes, more than double the 2012 harvest); a functional oil extraction unit (5500 litres of PVO usable as fuel); a new unit set up in Koury with a private entrepreneur keen to take over its management; and conclusive long-term tests with five millers (successful replacement of diesel for more than 2300 hours). The millers are now the project’s leading ambassadors amongst the women who gather the seeds and produce soap from the sediment (a by-product of oil extraction). In the pipeline, work to organize and consult with local stakeholders at municipal level to get each group (producers, millers, women soap makers, unit managers and local councillors) involved in managing a short supply chain and ensuring the economic sustainability of the units.

In Benin The major drought in 2013 in Benin had a heavy impact on Jatropha seed production and consequently the 2013 harvest remained at the same level as the previous year. However, the private entrepreneur is continuing to put a lot of effort into managing the oil extraction unit in Assiangbomey. As in Mali, the results of the function tests carried out with millers were conclusive and the latter are now the project’s leading ambassadors. In 2014, it is planned to adjust the functional and commercial relationship between stakeholders, as well as to assist each of them in making both the extraction unit and the value chain viable.

GERES • Annual Report 2013

A mill running on Jatropha oil grinds the cereals produced by 20 surrounding compounds. (A compound comprises between 25 and 30 people on average)

Bougouna SOGOBA, Director of AMEDD, Koutiala Mali

“ In the area of Konséguéla, more than 90% of the grinding mills used in preparing family meals are presently closed and women are going back to pounding, because diesel is too expensive. This is where the short Jatropha supply chain can be so relevant: producing and managing energy access costs at local level.”

Financial partners

• European Union (Energy Facility II) • FFEM – French Global Environment Facility • ADEME – Environment and Energy Management Agency • World Bank • Prince Albert II de Monaco Foundation • Veolia Environnement Foundation • Poweo Foundation • Benin Directorate-General for Energy • Hub rural • TATE

West Africa

Benchmarks for sustainable biofuel supply chains (Jatroref network) 2013 saw full-on production of reference material for the five key themes defined in 2012: agronomic potential of Jatropha; production systems and supply chains; carbon finance; production of pure vegetable oil; and

PVO use in engines. These documents are based on the experience of the projects belonging to the network and constitute a wealth of precious information. They can be downloaded from the “resources” tab of the web-

site www.jatroref.org. In 2014, it is planned to carry out regional-level studies to analyse and establish the features of the supply chain models and bio-energy policies implemented in West African countries.

Éric GNONHOUE, Miller and Jatropha producer, ZAGNANADO, Benin

“The PVO is a very good oil for my engine. I have the impression that it goes down more slowly than diesel in my engine’s tank and does not generate much smoke. It would be great to have it all the time at a price lower than diesel”.

Meeting of the network of JatroREF partners.

Technical partners

• IRAM – Institute for Applied Research in Development Methodology • AMEDD – Malian Association for Promoting Awareness of Sustainable Development • ANADEB – National Agency for Biofuel Development in Mali • DGE – Benin Directorate-General for Energy • CeRPA Zou Collines – Regional Centre for Agricultural Promotion • CIRAD – Centre for International Co-operation in Agronomic Research for Development • IFP Malick Sidibé - Vocational Training Institute • ULB – Free University of Brussels • IITA Benin – International Institute of Tropical Agriculture

indicators and impacts ►► 100% of diesel replaced by Jatropha PVO ►► Engine modification costs less than €10 (developed with CIRAD) ►► Engines adapted to use pure Jatropha vegetable oil, totally replacing diesel, operated for 2300 hours in 2013

GERES • Annual Report 2013

BENIN

Rural energy services (SETUP) Financial partners • European Union • AFD – French Development Agency • MAE – French Ministry of Foreign Affairs • ADEME – Environment and Energy Management Agency • EDF • Poweo Foundation • Synergie Solaire Endowment Fund • Lord Michelham of Hellingly Foundation • Raja-Daniele Marcovici Foundation • Government of Benin Technical partners • ABERME – Rural Electrification and Energy Management Agency • CEBEDES – Environment and Socioeconomic Development Centre • PlaNet Finance • Councils of the nine municipalities in Zou

Limiting rural exodus means improving living conditions in country areas, particularly by lightening the burden of work, increasing income and developing service provision. The SETUP programme in Benin has been helping rural businesses since 2008 to develop their food-processing activities through motorization. The artisan sector is receiving assistance with individual solar electrification. 2013 was the last full year of programme implementation, which saw the businesses becoming increasingly autonomous. Training, along with many exchange visits, helped them to acquire the necessary skills and ensure the sustainability of their activities. The most advanced processing units were able to develop and gain the loyalty of, or diversify, their suppliers and customers. Entrepreneurs equipped

with solar kits, whether hairdressers, tailors or telephone chargers, had already achieved autonomy by 2012 and were able to develop their businesses by themselves. Three enterprises in particular are focusing on a specific local product, Agonlin oil, which is much appreciated in Benin because it tastes of grilled peanuts. At the end of 2013, production was in progress and product quality control had been put in place. These businesses are now in a phase of regaining their position in niche markets, targeting consumers who had lost interest in the product due to uneven quality. Beyond the SETUP project, GERES will continue providing support to these three Agonlinmi businesses to help stabilize their activities. Technical guides to the new equipment were published and distributed in early 2014.

Silvain TOVI, hairdresser, beneficiary of a solar panel and alternating current kit, Zakpota

“With this solar equipment, I have made significant profits from the mobile telephone recharging service. I’ve also been able to extend my small hairdressing business. The number of customers is increasing so much that I had to buy a 100 W panel to complete my system. I have repeated the operation by renting a second shop in another isolated village where I use a 150 W solar kit that I purchased myself.”

GERES • Annual Report 2013

Amongst the 29 women’s groups receiving support, three co-operatives producing groundnut oil in the Agonlin region have been provided with equipment and a building to house the Agonlin oil clarification unit.

Indicators and impacts ►► 22 multi-service processing platforms managed by 51 developers (businesses or groups) ►► 13 simple equipment projects imed at processing a single agricultural product ►► 13 solar-powered service projects (e.g. solar panel and mobile telephone charging station) ►► After 2 years’ operation, the beneficiaries of the solar programme have invested to double their capacity with 12 new solar-powered facilities ►► 3 edible oil purification and bottling projects ►► 4000 direct and indirect user beneficiaries ►► 2000 raw material suppliers

SENEGAL

Climate and rural territories (ClimTeRR) Financial partner • RRA – Rhône-Alpes region Technical partners • AVSF – Agronomes et Vétérinaires Sans Frontières • CSE – Centre de Suivi écologique (Ecological monitoring centre) • ENDA – Environmental Development Action in the Third Word • Le Partenariat, Saint-Louis • PPZS – Arid pastoral zone unit • UNDP – United Nations Development Programme (TACC) • UCAD – Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar • UGB – Gaston Berger University, Saint-Louis • University of Ziguinchor The scientific partners got together for a workshop to construct the synthetic index of vulnerabilities in November 2013.

Seeking to make their territory less vulnerable to climate change and promote low-carbon development, the regions of Kaffrine, Louga, Matam, SaintLouis and Tambacounda got together to ensure concerted management of the sylvo-pastoral area of Ferlo, which covers 40% of the national territory and has 2 million inhabitants. They set up the Ferlo Interregional Alliance, one of the key objectives of which was to prepare a Territorial Climate Plan. It was therefore

essential for the regional stakeholders to acquire the methodological and operational prerequisites. In 2013, the Alliance asked for continued support from GERES with the innovative ClimTerr approach launched in 2012. Consolidation of the results of the work took the shape of an education pack designed for the climate focal points in the region, the organization of theoretical and practical training sessions and the finalization of the cartographic atlas of Ferlo. This pack was presented

at a major event involving all the project stakeholders, held at the Senegalese Ministry of the Environment on 10 December 2013. The event, which took place in the presence of Mr. Oumar Youm (Senegalese Minister for Local Authorities), Mr. Jean-Jack Queyranne (President of the Rhône-Alpes region) and Mr. Adama Gueye (President of the Ferlo Interregional Alliance), was a great opportunity to restart the dynamic process of concerted management of the five regions belonging to the Alliance.

An atlas of vulnerabilities in the face of climate change The cartographic atlas of the Ferlo has been identified as an effective communications tool to foster ownership of the territory. It will help to provide analysis and alerts and encourage dialogue and consultation based on common, shared knowledge. The atlas also serves as a basis for drawing up a preliminary assessment and targeting priority areas.

Indicators and impacts ►► 30 key stakeholders in the Ferlo Interregional Alliance trained with regard to climate change issues

Adame GUEYE, President of Louga region, President of the Ferlo Interregional Alliance

“This atlas, arising from the coalition between the Ferlo Alliance and the Rhône-Alpes Region, now stands as a model of co-operation geared towards improving people’s well-being.”

WEB: http://www.geres.eu/fr/ressources/publications/item/309-mallette-climterr-adaptationaux-changements-climatiques

GERES • Annual Report 2013

EUROPE-MEDITERRANEAN

EUROPE-MEDITERRANEAN Europe’s neighbouring countries are experiencing significant societal transitions - and crises too. The very high energy dependency of the majority of these countries plays a large part in the economic weakness of this area and the living conditions of its population. For its part, Europe is still very reluctant to turn its back on an obsolete, moribund economic and energy model and undertake a genuine energy transition. This is why GERES is striving to assist all stakeholders (institutions, economic sectors and population) to enter into a new and more sustainable era for everyone.

UKRAINE and GEORGIA

France In France, we have just witnessed the end of the debate on the energy transition, to which GERES contributed actively within its National Council. We are now awaiting enactment of the resulting law. Although this transition is reflected in discourse, public funding has only been on the fringes and constantly falling. Despite this, we continue to work with the most vulnerable people experiencing energy poverty, as well as on recreating social links around local composting.

These former Soviet Union countries still bear the stigmata of a non-viable energy system. Their buildings are very energy-hungry because they were designed when energy was free and unlimited. Nowadays, the situation has changed considerably whereas the buildings remain. To improve matters, GERES is working to adapt and strengthen the skills of the various professional sectors in these territories.

UKRAINE FRANCE

Georgia

Morocco

EGYPT

Morocco Aware of the need to turn a corner as regards energy, Morocco is the theatre for many initiatives: twinning with ADEME, helping pilot cities to draw up territorial energy strategies, thermal regulation of buildings, rational use of energy in public buildings, etc. GERES is supporting these changes with both institutions and professionals and with consumers, to reduce the country’s energy dependency and make best use of local resources.

GERES • Annual Report 2013

Egypt The economic situation of many North African countries means that removal of the subsidy on energy prices is now unavoidable. The energy bill will be all the higher for an unprepared population. GERES continues to undertake new activities throughout the Mediterranean basin and the Caucasus, to help people make more rational use of energy with the aid of efficient appliances and using renewable sources.

EUROPE

Local partnerships for greener cities and regions (Green partnerships)

The project will help to improve renewable energy policies in the participating cities and regions.

Mediterranean cities and regions have adopted territorial energy/climate strategies with a view to meeting the targets set by the European Union (reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 20% in relation to their 1990 level, raising the share of renewable energies to 20% of consumption and making 20% energy savings). A new approach is needed, because the means currently available to implement these strategies are not adequate. To help local authorities meet the EU targets, the European Green Partnerships project, in which GERES is taking part, suggests an approach leading to long-term changes in the behaviour of authorities and citizens with a view to greener cities:

Assisting a citizen micro-power project GERES is helping an association of irrigated farmers to take citizen ownership of a micro-power project in Méailles (04) via a public-private partnership and citizen funding.

• a ssistance and training for local authorities in implementing their energy/climate strategies: raising awareness of common practice in Europe, step-by-step methodology, skill enhancement for regional stakeholders and sharing of feedback on existing technical solutions tested in connection with pilot cases; • strengthening co-operation between stakeholders in implementing energy efficiency measures by creating local partnerships. The project will help to improve public policy relating to energy efficiency and renewable energy production in the participating cities and region, encouraging low-energy solutions.

Financial partner • European Commission – MED programme Technical partners • Maribor Chamber of Agriculture and Forestry (Slovenia) • Tirana Agricultural University (Albania) • Sarajevo Hydro-Engineering Institute (Bosnia-Herzegovina) • Koprivnica Križevci County Physical Planning Institute (Croatia) • Municipality of Lakatamia (Cyprus) • Crete Technical University (Greece) • Kyoto Club (Italy)

Indicators and expected impacts ►► 11 European partners located in the Mediterranean basin ►► 22 pilot cases tested as close as possible to stakeholders (institutional, field, citizens) ►► 22 training days to build local authority capacity concerning these themes ►► An on-line library covering eight energy/climate themes available at: http://www.greenpartnerships.eu/

GERES • Annual Report 2013

EUROPE

Energy Efficiency in Low-Income European Households In France as in the rest of Europe, increasing numbers of low-income households are facing energy-related difficulties in their homes: lack of heating, unpaid energy bills, very limited comfort, etc. Europe has committed to reduce its energy consumption by 20% (in relation to the underlying increase) by 2020, with particu-

Financial partner

lar effort to be made in the residential sector. These efforts should not be at the expense of the least well-off. In this regard, GERES is taking part in two European projects aimed at improving the energy efficiency of the homes and household appliances of lowincome households.

Energy efficiency in low-income housing in the Mediterranean (Elih Med)

• European Union – FEDER – MED Programme Technical partners • ENEA – National New Technology, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development Agency (Italy) • Mediterranean Institute - France • Languedoc Roussillon Region (France) • 13 Habitat (France) • CRPM – Conference of Peripheral Maritime Regions (France) • CSTB – Construction Industry Science and Technology Centre (France) • IVE – Valencia Construction Institute (Spain) • Municipality of Malaga (Spain) • CEA – Cypriot Energy Agency (Cyprus) • CRES – Centre for Renewable Energies and Energy Saving (Greece) • OEK – Workers Housing Organization (Greece) • Eastern Macedonia and Thrace region (Greece) • ISNOVA - Institute for the Promotion of Technological Innovation (Italy) • Laore Sardegna Regional Agency (Italy) • Municipality of Genoa (Italy) • Municipality of Frattamaggiore (Italy) • MIEMA - Maltese Energy Agency (Malta) • Jozef Stefan Institute (Slovenia)

Façade of the student residence at the Democrite University in Thrace (Greece), in the process of thermal insulation.

The aim of the EliH Med project is to roll out energy retrofitting for low-income houseIndicators and impacts holds more widely, making ►► 1029 homes retrofitted, sure to involve them in the of which approach. In 2013, operations got under way: energy - 630 student residences retrofitting work for more than 1000 households in - 238 social housing units - 56 apartments five Mediterranean countries. - 105 individual houses The pilot cases are very diverse but all based on the same methodology: choosing the work with key local stakeholders, involving occupants upstream and during the work to stimulate sustainable efforts in

GERES • Annual Report 2013

accordance with their needs, installing smart meters and assessing the impact of the work. Capitalization and communications activities continued, including citizen awareness-raising campaigns. The Ljubljana declaration, drafted in partnership with two strategic Mediterranean projects, was published at the end of 2013 to promote energy retrofitting for low-income households on a European scale. 2014 will see the completion of work, consolidation of the project-level evaluation and continuation of capitalization.

EUROPE

ACtions in low-income households to Improve energy efficiency through Visits and Energy diagnosis (ACHIEVE) GERES has been implevisits each. This symbolic figure provided an oppormenting the ACHIEVE tunity to organize a festive event to continue the project in the Marseille dynamic process in the Hauts de Mazargues neigharea since 2011. In 2013, bourhoods where the project began. As a result of all GERES trained another this participatory work, the number of beneficiaries person on a return-to-work scheme as an energy was tripled to 281 households. adviser to carry out home visits to low-income The project evaluation by the BVA Institute has delihouseholds. Looking at the household’s accomvered its initial findings: a high level of satisfaction modation and analysing consumption habits makes it easier for the three energy advisers to come back to the household and install small appliances (based on an assessment of energy and water consumption hand- delivered to the household) and to suggest appropriate eco-friendly action. GERES went further in 2013, undertaking seven simplified thermal assessments (DIALOGIE ®), which are helpful in discussions with low-income The project evaluation by the BVA Institute revealed a high level of satisfaction with the established system. owner-occupiers concerning energy retrofitting work. As regards tenants, the assessments are handed concerning the system. 33% of respondents have and explained to the social worker who is usually in renegotiated contracts to suit their needs, 22% have close contact with the landlord. benefited from a social tariff or financial assistance To ensure the success of these operations, GERES and 18% have improved their comfort levels through naturally strengthened and extended its stakeholder interior refitting. involvement work (with owner-occupiers, tenants, Beneficiaries agree on the need for more intensive landlords, social workers, local authorities and follow-up and long-term assistance: encouraging councillors, etc.). Workshops and meetings were held households to turn towards sustainable solutions and to ensure the operational involvement in the project retrofitting buildings wherever possible. of stakeholders in the social and housing sectors. Between now and the 2014, visits will continue in the By early 2013, 100 beneficiaries had received two Marseille area with a target to assist 500 households.

Financial partners • European Union – Smart Energy for Europe • Abbé Pierre Foundation • Macif Foundation • EDF • Solinergy Technical partners • CLER – Renewable Energy Liaison Committee (France) • IDEMU – Urban Ecology Institute (France) • SWEA – Severn Wye Energy Agency (United Kingdom) • FOCUS – Društvo za sonaraven razvoj (Slovenia) • CARITAS – Energies Spar Service Caritas Verband Frankfurt e.V (Germany) • EAP – Energy Agency of Plovdiv (Bulgaria)

Indicators and impacts ►► 400 households have received two visits, advice and energy-saving appliances ►► 30 social workers are able to offer further support to the households they are monitoring ►► 5 people on return-to-work schemes ►► 53% of beneficiaries of the home visit system have recommended the energy service to their friends and relatives (BVA-2013) ►► 78% ay they are satisfied (scores of 8-10), including 50% very satisfied (scores of 9 or 10), with the system

Ophélie MARGA, RSA - CCAS social worker, City of Marseille (10th arrondissement)

“The partnership between CCAS in Marseille and GERES has provided me with a new tool to make a full home assessment which can also be supplemented with an assessment of needs for energy improvement work. For example, one assessment led a tenant and his landlord together to seek funding to carry out this work. Of course, there are still constraints to be lifted but the partnership has moved things forward and helped to improve housing conditions.” GERES • Annual Report 2013

EUROPE

Building capacity to insulate homes in Eastern Europe and the Caucasus GERES is providing its building energy efficiency expertise to this project run by WECF. This region’s particularly cold climate makes living conditions difficult for its inhabitants, because traditional houses have practically disappeared in favour of more modern but inefficient buildings from the Soviet era. Substantial rises in energy prices mean that people are no longer in a position to afford a reasonable level

of comfort. Training to transfer skills to residents and professionals is therefore provided in respect of insulation techniques appropriate to the context and accessible locally. After training 38 participants in insulation techniques (roof, walls and glazing) and the use of local bio-sourced materials in 2012, GERES is providing technical support in monitoring and checking the work carried out by and

Financial partners • European Union Technical partners • WECF – Women in Europe for a Common Future (Germany) • RCDA – Rural Communities Development Agency - (Georgia) • Greens Movement (Georgia) • SDCA – Akhaltsikhe Social Development Centre (Georgia) • Ecoclub (Ukraine) • NECU – National Ecological Centre of Ukraine (Ukraine) • Vozrozhdenie – Vozrozhdenie Tatarbunary (Ukraine) • EMAS – Mobile School for Water and Sanitation

Indicators and impacts ►► 38 participants trained in insulation techniques

Straw insulation and earth coating on the demonstration building in Akhaltsikhe, Georgia.

GERES • Annual Report 2013

in the homes of participants. To ensure proper implementation and monitoring of procedures, this phase requires considerable involvement of local partners in Georgia and Ukraine. The monitoring results will assess the energy gains made and allow these techniques and knowledge to be disseminated in 2015 to other owners or tradespeople in their homes and the different neighbouring countries in the Caucasus.

france

Energy and poverty In France, almost 3.5 million households are facing energy poverty: they have difficulty paying their energy bills, cut down on other expenditure or live in uncomfortable housing in order to avoid unpaid energy bills. Low-income households are the most affected and live in the most energy-hungry housing. For some 10 years now, GERES has been developing projects to alleviate these problems.

Energy poverty assessment in pays d’Aubagne and l’Étoile

Regional energy and poverty network (RREP)

Financial partners

• ADEME PACA – Environment and Energy Management Agency • Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur Region • MEDDE – Ministry of Ecology, Sustainable Development and Energy Technical partners The project will help to draw up a plan of action to prevent energy poverty situations.

GERES is the co-facilitator with Écopolénergie of the Regional Energy and Poverty Network (RREP). The aim of the network is to bring together stakeholders working to combat energy poverty: social welfare, housing and energy professionals and local authorities. 2013 saw a continuation of the network’s activities designed to encourage sharing of experience and promote the development of new activities to combat energy poverty at regional level. The annual meeting highlighted work undertaken in the Var département: a plan to combat energy poverty, help with retrofitting, assistance with reducing consumption after retrofitting, etc. Moreover, three local authorities were assisted by the RREP in 2013: the Hautes-Alpes departmental council and its partners, the Var Esterel Méditerranée Urban District Authority and Miramas municipality. These territories were supported by the RREP in taking stock of energy poverty, stakeholders and relevant activities in their local area. This will help to prepare a plan of action to prevent energy poverty situations. Finally, the preparation of a new proposal for ADEME and the Region to boost the regional dynamic should result in new activities emerging in 2014.

• Écopolénergie • Le Loubatas • DREAL PACA – Direction régionale de l’environnement, de l’aménagement et du logement (Regional Environment, Planning and Housing Department

Financial partner

• Pays d’Aubagne et de l’Étoile Urban District Authority

The Pays d’Aubagne et de l’Étoile Urban District Authority was keen, in connection with its work in favour of sustainable development and its territorial climate/energy plan, to assess energy poverty on its territory. GERES was commissioned and finalized the assessment in 2013. With a view to co-building the plan of action with local stakeholders, this assessment led to the establishment of three working groups. • The first group is endeavouring to develop good co-ordination of all systems related to combating energy poverty in the area. • The second focuses on activities that could help to move on from curative (assistance with paying bills) to preventive (small-scale work, replacing appliances, etc.) measures with the households already identified in the area. • The third is targeting vulnerable groups, for instance by encouraging middle-class households to retrofit their homes to cope with rising energy costs..

Technical partner

• Pays d’Aubagne et de l’Étoile Urban District Authoritye

The working groups met in autumn 2013 and will continue in 2014 to draft a plan of action.

Indicators and impacts ►► 25 entities took part in the steering committees for the energy poverty assessment ►► 3 consultation workshops planned by the urban district authority to come up with a comprehensive plan of action against energy poverty

Indicators and impacts ►► 700 professionals from 224 social welfare, housing and energy organizations, local authorities and institutions are benefiting from the RREP’s activities

GERES • Annual Report 2013

FRANCE

Energy and housing The energy retrofitting plan for homes (Plan de Rénovation Énergétique de l’Habitat - PREH), launched by the government in July 2013, establishes the new framework: the public authorities are to organize the system at local level to help individuals with energy retrofitting and professionals must get involved. Energy retrofitting information points (PRIS) are to be set up and a communications campaign launched in September. GERES is continuing its commitment to help the public authorities, users and economic sectors to improve management and control of energy expenditure.

The Energy Information Centre programme For 9 years now, the Pays d’Aubagne et de l’Étoile Energy Information Centre • ADEME – Environment and Energy Management Agency has been providing free, • Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur Region neutral advice and assis• Pays d’Aubagne et de l’Etoile Urban tance to individuals District Authority concerning energy saving • Bouches-du-Rhône Departmental and renewable energy. Council This activity is part of the Technical partners national network of local • National EIC network (261 entities) information and advice • PACA regional EIC network (21 branches) developed since 2001 by • Envirobat Méditerranée ADEME, in close partner• BDM – Mediterranean Sustainable ship at local level with Buildings the Provence-Alpes-Côte • ARC – Association of Co-ownership Managers d’Azur Region and local • ADIL – Departmental Housing Informaauthorities. The workshop shows participants how to place wood fibre insulating material correctly on the scale model. tion Agency Throughout the year, the • ADEME – Provence-Alpes Côte d’Azur EIC has made contact with citizens in the field through information workshops, fairs and local events, Regional Office great opportunities for sharing and discussion which facilitate advice and encourage decision-making on eco-renovation plans. These events also help to strengthen contacts with professionals and tradespeople. An educational scale model Indicators and impacts At the same time, the national communications on bio-sourced insulating materials campaign “I’m eco-renovating, I’m making sa►► 53% interest from individuals A scale model demonstrating techniques for instalvings”, launched in connection with the PREH to concerning thermal insulation ling bio-sourced insulating materials was inaugurawhen they obtain information encourage the French to undertake energy retrofitfrom the EIC ted as part of the Energy Festival. As a participatory ting work in their homes, has increased the number ►► 30 individuals approach the way of raising individual awareness of the benefits of applications to the EIC acting as a PRIS. EIC on average every month In 2014, the Pays d’Aubagne et de l’Étoile EIC is of home insulation, it’s an amusing teaching tool to receive assistance with planning to strengthen its positioning as a key used to discuss choices of insulating material with their plans player in any renovation plan, helping individuals the public. That can lead to practical action! ►► 361 recipients of advice to take an ambitious, overall view. Financial partners

►► 56 in-depth assessments/ recommendations issued

►► 20 recommendations issued on the basis of the Dialogie® study

Energy retrofitting platforms The government target to reduce energy consumption in buildings by 38% by 2020 is reflected in the planned retrofitting of 500,000 housing units per year between now and 2017. Energy retrofitting platforms are being established locally with a view to facilitating decision-making by individuals and helping them to achieve efficient, overall renovation. Strong commitment by institutions and professionals will nevertheless be necessary to trigger the expected scaling up.

GERES • Annual Report 2013

france

Assisting co-owners in small blocks of flats (eCoPro)

83% of main residences in Marseille are in co-owned properties so there is enormous retrofitting potential.

The eCoPro project, developed by GERES and the TEC consultancy, serves to test a model for supporting co-owners in small blocks of flats in Marseille to spur them on towards making greater energy savings and carrying out energy efficiency work. This model, designed for blocks of less than twenty flats, adopts a comprehensive approach: an energy assessment for the block of flats; findings and recommendations; and offers to put co-owners in touch with companies and tradespeople to carry out

work. These professionals cover the whole range of trades involved in home energy management. At the end of 2013, after canvassing around thirty blocks of flats (via the managing agents, associations of managing agents or co-owners, or individuals directly), assistance began to be provided to 15 blocks of flats. Nine of these were the subject of an advisory energy assessment and one began retrofitting work. Observations from this experience helped to analyse the prerequisites for a sustainable service and roll out this assistance at a time when energy retrofitting of blocks of flats has become a major ecological issue.

Financial partners • Anah/PUCA – National Housing Agency • Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur Region • ADEME – Environment and Energy Management Agency Technical partners • TEC – Tourisme Transport Territoires Environnement Conseil • ARC – Association of co-ownership managers • UNIS – Union of property management agencies • CAPEB 13 – Bouches-du-Rhône Confederation of Building Sector Artisans and Small Enterprises • FBTP 13 – Bouches-du-Rhône Building and Public Works Federation

Indicators and impacts ►► 15 blocks of flats assisted ►► 124 co-owners have received recommendations on retrofitting their property ►► 9 advisory energy assessments for blocks of flats and five energy performance assessments carried out ►► 1 block of flats is planning to carry out work, with energy gains exceeding 25% over the next three years ►► 13 - 65% energy savings achievable ►► Up to €150,000 reduction in energy expenditure over 20 years for certain buildings

Relaunching the domestic solar thermal sector in PACA region Installations of solar water heaters have slowed to a trickle in PACA region, despite significant potential. In order to relaunch the individual solar thermal sector, the Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur region has called on the skills of GERES acting as assistant project manager to come up with an innovative, unifying system that can restore confidence and arouse individuals’ interest in the individual solar water heater technique. To this end, an Internet portal has been designed

together with regional stakeholders and professionals in the sector. This tool will serve to put individuals into direct contact with equipment suppliers and volunteer installers offering high-quality, competitive turnkey solutions. During consultations in autumn 2013, professionals mentioned their high expectations of the Vivonsolairenpaca.fr platform. At the end of 2013, technical development of the digital tool was launched and mobilization of the professionals was still ongoing.

Financial partners

Vivonsolairenpaca.fr: an Internet portal to re-dynamize the sector In addition to free, clean, inexhaustible energy, solar water heaters offer up to 20% savings on energy bills. Already more than 250,000 households in France have installed this equipment. On 13 May 2014, UFC Que Choisir, Enerplan, the Regional Building Federation, Qualit’ENR and Qualibat officially launched the website Vivonsolairenpaca.fr with support from Provence-AlpesCôte d’Azur Region.

Raphaël Petit, installer - E2S company

«“It’s because we need to find a way to restore the honour of solar water heaters that we decided to take part in this project. We really must get people to want them again, convince people that solar thermal is a reliable, tried and tested technique. We are sure that Vivonsolairenpaca.fr can make this happen.”

• Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur Region Technical partners • UFC Que Choisir • Enerplan • Qualit’EnR • Qualibat • FRB – French Building Federation • Regional EIC network

GERES • Annual Report 2013

FRANCE

Clean energy production The energy transition calls for the development of local, renewable production accompanied by better demand management. In this regard, GERES is working in the hydropower and biogas sectors on strengthening expertise, assisting stakeholders, facilitation and producing tools.

Small-scale Hydro-electricity and Environment in the Paca region (PHéE)

Financial partners • ADEME – Environment and Energy Management Agency • Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur Region Technical partners • AERMC – Rhône Mediterranean Corsica Water Authority • Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur Regional Council • DREAL PACA – Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur Regional Environment, Development and Housing Department • Regional Water Authority • ONEMA – National Water and Aquatic Environment Office

In 2013, GERES began phase 4 of PHéE. The challenge is to pass the tools developed in 2011 – 2012 on for use by other operators: the PHéE methodology guide, case study information sheets, model specifications and a simplified model opportunity assessment to be carried out on an independent basis. An important task in 2013 was precisely to pinpoint

who these other operators could be. At present, they include consultancies and neutral third parties (PCET [climate energy plan] officials, EICs, flow engineers, shared energy advisers, hydro-electricity sector unions and award-winning local authorities). The hydro-electricity sector observatory has been maintained, along with support to project developers,. The next stages will involve training for these operators to play the role of advisers.

Indicators and impacts ►► 26 volunteer operators to assist project developers, using the PHéE tools ►► The main networks in PACA region ((AGIR award-winning local authorities, Climate Network, flow engineers and shared energy advisers, EIC advisers) are disseminating the PHéE tools

Screen of the Longo Maï hydro-electric power station in Saint-Chaffrey (05).

A strategic study to feed into the Arve SAGE As part of the assessment preceding the collective drafting of a planning document in respect of the SAGE (Schéma d’Aménagement et de Gestion des Eaux - water development and management scheme) for the River Arve in Haute-Savoie, GERES carried out a strategic study in 2013 on hydro-electricity in the watershed and tributaries of the Arve. The study consisted of summarizing the state of current knowledge and the regulatory context, getting a detailed picture of current environmental and socio-economic issues associated with local hydro-electricity production and putting future challenges into perspective. The last phase of the study resulted in the preparation of proposals on tools, procedures or methodologies to meet those challenges. 27 hydro-electric power stations are producing 1500 GWh per year on the territory of the Arve SAGE.

GERES • Annual Report 2013

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Hydro-electricity sector in PACA region: history, status update and future prospects At present, stakeholders in the hydro-electricity sector lack elements of vision in PACA region whilst more and more questions are being raised about new source availability and “exploitable potential”. Since mid-2013, GERES has therefore been conducting a study to establish both a history of the sector, an update on its current status as regards residual potential and a forecast taking

account of the multiple factors that influence or could influence its development. New types of hydro-electricity installations are considered, especially drawing on pre-existing water sources such as drinking water installations or irrigation canals, as well as already existing facilities that could be fitted out, optimized or rehabilitated.

Financial partners • Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur Regional Council • Rhône Mediterranean Corsica Water Authority Technical partners • ADEME • Regional Water Authority

Indicators and impacts ►► 368 hydro-electric power stations identified: in operation, at planning stage or in opportunity phase ►► The main hydro-electricity sites were fitted out in the 1950s - 1970s ►► Residual (small-scale) hydro-electric potential can be harnessed using new technologies

Strengthening the biogas sector in the PACA region In view of the digestate produced and growing interest in injection and vehicle biofuel, this technology is therefore both an alternative organic waste treatment value chain and a renewable energy production value chain. Biogas production is a key technology for implementing the energy transition. In 2013, GERES continued its efforts to support the biogas sector and help project developers, who now receive regular follow-up and support. Technical and regulatory monitoring activity continued. Changes are planned to redirect efforts towards awareness-raising and assisting stakeholders or local authorities to implement concrete projects. Gas meter at the Hyères purification plant.

Recently introduced regulations concerning recycling of organic waste from professional activities is gradually forcing non-household producers to sort and process their bio-waste through methanation or composting. However, there are not yet enough regional facilities (existing or planned) to absorb waste flows from these new large producers who are looking for local solutions. In addition, recent reminders that burning waste is prohibited by regulation mean that there will be larger quantities of organic matter to handle. The current context is favourable in both political and economic terms: biogas has an important role to play in connection with both the energy transition and the forthcoming national biogas plan and EMAA (energy, methanation, autonomy, nitrogen) plan.

Financial partners • ADEME PACA – Environment and Energy Management Agency • Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur Regional Council Technical partner • Solagro

Indicators and impacts ►► 32 project developers assisted or informed ►► 22 landfill sites with or without biogas production facilities ►► 4 sewage plants engaged in methanation have been identified

The advantages of methanation • decentralized production of renewable energy fostering local energy autonomy; • reduction in greenhouse gas emissions due to replacement of a fossil fuel; • r eduction in methane emissions deriving from waste and effluent storage; • reduction in volume and better management of organic waste; • production of local organic fertilizer; • more sustainable agricultural activities and rural development.

GERES • Annual Report 2013

FRANCE

Eco-friendly waste management 2013 saw the direct involvement of GERES in local composting operations following on from support work in connection with the garden composting network. GERES is working in the field as operator or project manager, a new departure for projects in Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur. The other projects in the GED programme have a more classic focus on supporting new waste management practices or value chains.

Promotion of local composting in Bouches-du-Rhône

Financial partners • ADEME PACA – Environment and Energy Management Agency • Bouches-du-Rhône Departmental Council • Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur Region • MPM – Marseille Provence Métropole • Communauté du Pays d’Aix • Provence-Luberon-Durance district authority • Itancia endowment fund • ESIA

In addition to the traditional activities of the garden composting network (facilitation/events concerning local composting), there is a need to move this project forward with all partners. In this regard, GERES has approached APEAS with a view to finding external support solutions. The option chosen is a local support scheme (DLA - Dispositif Local d’Accompagnement) funded by ESIA, with input from a consultant to set up a new grouping with its own features: values, operation, service provision and economic model. At the same time, several pilot operations run in the name of the garden composting network were launched by GERES: composting at Simiane middle

school; composting at the “Vertes Collines” centre for disabled adults at Marignane with Accueil et Rencontres; village composting in the old town of Meyrargues with Peppermint; composting at Yes We Camp with Épluchures at the Marseille Provence 2013 Festival; and composting outside blocks of flats for the Provence-Luberon-Durance district authority, with Épluchures. Finally, a new agreement was signed with MPM to run 100 events on domestic composting and ecofriendly management of garden waste. The organization of two “Compost Tours” was also supported by the Bouches-du-Rhône departmental council and ADEME PACA.

Technical partners

• Accueil et Rencontres (Marseille 15th arrondissement) • CAVM – Centre d’Animation du Vieux Moulin (Salon-de-Provence) • CPIE Rhône Pays d’Arles – Environmental Initiative Centre (Arles) • Croq’Jardin – Foyers ruraux (La Roque-d’Anthéron) • Épluchures (Marseille 3rd arrondissement) • GESPER – Gestion de l’environnement en Région (Digne-les-Bains) [Environmental Association] • Jardilien (Aubagne) • Les Jardins de l’Espérance (La Ciotat) • Naturoscope (Marseille 8rd) • Peppermint (Meyrargues) • APEAS – Agence Provençale pour une Économie Alternative et Solidaire • Meyrargues town council • Simiane town council • Castorama of de Saint-Loup shop

Shared composting operation, at the Arcoules residence in Cavaillon.

GERES • Annual Report 2013

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Facilitation of the composting sector in the PACA region The aim of the PACA composting facilitation team is to bring together regional stakeholders to consider matters that could constrain the development of the sector: input quality, uses and outlets, quality control, how to market the compost, agronomic prerequisites, etc. The project’s website has sections for each category of stakeholder – compost users, compost facility operators and producers of residual organic matter – because the quality of the compost produced, on which the smooth operation of the sector depends, is relevant at all stages of composting. The site contains all the documents produced throughout the work of the composting team, regulatory references and many links to other sources of useful information for stakeholders. A press campaign surrounded the posting of the site in March 2013.

Financial partners • ADEME PACA – Environment and Energy Management Agency • PACA Regional Council Technical partners • Orgaterre

Recycling used cooking oils Since 2013, GERES has been encouraging the emergence of a used cooking oil recycling activity developed by the Oléo-Déclic association. That association, which is trialling the processing by passive filtration/ decantation of used cooking oils collected from restaurant owners in Marseille city centre, wants to develop and consolidate its business. The aim is to recycle the filtered oil as boiler fuel to be sold at local outlets. In 2012, with funding from PACA Region and CPA, Oléo-Déclic approached GERES for support in carrying out a feasibility study in the Aix-AubagneMarseille area covering the following points: exploitable potential, current practice of operators in the sector (suppliers and waste recoverers), regulation governing all stages in the business (collection, processing and recycling), the status of existing similar experiences, analysis of atmospheric measurements and seeking uses for the filtration residues. This first study phase should lead to financial assistance with the equipment needed to develop the business.

Alain Vigier, Oléo-Déclic co-ordinator

“Thanks to support from GERES, we have been able to carry out our study and validate our hypotheses. This confirms the viability of developing this sector in the territory, aimed at producing a biofuel that can provide 100% of the energy for a boiler equipped with an appropriate burner.”

Technical partners • Oléo-Déclic

Indicators and impacts ►► 8% of the stock of used cooking oils (1,600,000 litres) would be enough to make the business of Oléo-Déclic viable

GERES • Annual Report 2013

FRANCE

Environmental performance, energy and climate Environmental and climate issues should now have a place in all economic activity sectors. Consequently, GERES is helping local authorities with the design and implementation of public policies to ensure they are locally anchored and consistent across all sectors that are already involved. Local assessments and identification of monitoring indicators are the starting point of these efforts. Subsequently, pilot operations help us to test or validate solutions determined in consultation with stakeholders and enable us to launch new regional dynamics.

Financial partner

The regional agriculture – energy – environment inter-network (AGIR Agriculture)

• Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur Region The aim of the AGIR “Towards 100 exemplary farms and co-operatives” initiative launched by the Region in 2007 was to commit 100 farms and co-operatives to reducing their environmental impact. To do this, Indicators and impacts the regional network of agricultural advisers co-or►► 1st step towards a regional dinated by GERES has carried out full assessments of observatory on good volunteer farms in respect of themes relating to enerenvironmental practice gy and environment and then helped them implein agriculture ment a plan of action to reduce their environmental ►► Assistance to 9 leaders of impact (energy, greenhouse gases, water and waste). farming networks since the In order to make farmers in the region more aware start of the project of the feasibility of exemplary practices, visits to ►► 3800 farmers (13 - 22% of the volunteer farms were suggested. This year, farmers from PACA Region) aware of the approach GERES has concentrated on disseminating good

practice as widely as possible. Its work has focused on two main areas: • evaluating the visits to exemplary farms: interviews with advisers, farmers, the media and the Region and analysis of the results of the efforts to get farmers involved; • preparing operational proposals for the dissemination of good practice amongst, and its adoption by, farmers. This could be a first step towards the establishment of a regional observatory of good environmental practice in agriculture and its impacts.

Forecasting study on flow engineers and shared energy advisers Financial partner

With a view to reconciling employment and control of energy consumption, the Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur Region, together with ADEME, is sponsoring Technical partners around sixty shared energy adviser and flow engineer • Viviane Hamon Conseil posts within local and regional authorities. These • In Vivo – Denis Savanne people are tasked with detecting the energy savings • In co-operation with ADEME that could be made within those organizations. The Region wanted to commission an evaluation of Indicators and impactS the operation of that system and ways to improve it, with a view to making the posts permanent and ►► 48 advisers in post in PACA region ensuring the authorities’ sound management of their ►► 12 monographs produced on energy consumption. local authority or associationTo this end, on the basis of a call for tenders, it chose type organizations the team made up of GERES, Viviane Hamon Conseil ►► 30 interviews carried and In Vivo. out with flow engineers, Begun in 2013, the study includes an initial assesstheir line managers and ment phase with stakeholder interviews, followed the management of the by a phase of co-building recommendations within sponsoring organizations a working group made up of flow engineers, shared • Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur Region

GERES • Annual Report 2013

energy advisers, local authority managers, councillors and so on. The results of the study should be available at the end of 2014.

Technical facility visited by the flow engineers in connection with their assignment.

Morocco

Promotion of renewable energy and energy efficiency through micro-finance (FreemE)

Financial partners • European Union • PACA Regional Council • MPM – Marseille Provence Métropole Technical partners

Energy efficiency training for electricians and vendors in Tangiers, Morocco.

Financial institutions have a vital part to play in the energy transition, firstly to finance the acquisition of efficient appliances which, on average, are more costly to buy and, secondly, to provide information and persuade people of the economic attraction of these longterm investments. Promotion of energy management by banks and especially micro-finance institutions (MFIs) makes perfect sense. MFIs have vast networks of agen-

cies in both urban and rural areas, often in places where other operators will not go, and they serve a relatively poor population which experiences energy poverty but does not know how to escape it. This project in Morocco and Egypt came to an end in June 2013. In Egypt, the final six months were marked by a major awareness-raising campaign aimed at the general public and micro-entrepreneurs; training for micro-entrepreneurs concerning the consumption of household appliances and electric motors; and training for distributors and installers of solar water heaters. The results were published of a study of the electri-

city consumption of old refrigerators and freezers measured in situ and in the laboratory carried out by GERES, at the request of the Ministry of Energy. Finally, the project impacts and ways to ensure the continuity of activities were discussed at a workshop and many partners expressed their interest in continuing beyond the end of the project. In Morocco, training for eco-sellers of low-energy refrigerators, freezers and other household appliances continued to be provided and the project ended with a conference in Rabat, which highlighted the links between energy and micro-finance.

• PlaNet Finance (project developer) • ADEME – Environment and Energy Management Agency • ADEREE – National Agency for the Development of Renewable Energies and Energy Efficiency • ARDI Foundation • EACD – Egyptian Association for Comprehensive Development • DBACD – Dakahlya Businessmen’s Association for Community Development • GERERE – Study and Research Group on Renewable Energies and the Environment

Launch of a loan dedicated to energy efficiency The Moroccan bank BMCE took the lead by launching ENERGICO, a loan dedicated to energy efficiency in industry and SMEs. Under a service provision agreement, GERES helped the bank to roll out this system in the country through training for senior bank staff and preparation of a development plan for ENERGICO.

GERES • Annual Report 2013

Morocco

Sustainable energy management in rural areas Dissemination of energy-efficient cooking appliances Moroccans living in rural areas mostly use wood for heating and cooking. With an average of 12 kg used every day per family, the task of gathering wood, exclusively performed by women, is beIndicators and impacts coming all the more difficult as ►► 40 villages equipped with wood becomes scarce. Because it improved bread ovens is heavily subsidized, gas is gai►► The project has laid ning ground in the countryside the foundations for the but gas-fired appliances perform development of an industrial very poorly, so the use of more gas-fired oven supply chain

efficient equipment is essential. The dissemination programme ended during 2013 with considerable work on evaluation and sharing results. A study was conducted in the project areas with around thirty development stakeholders. The oven became known by word-of-mouth in the countryside and serves as a vehicle for awareness-raising. In this regard, a large-scale project

with a Moroccan industrialist to disseminate the oven in the Rif and Middle Atlas is in course of assessment. The project has proved capable of laying the foundations for the development of an industrial supply chain for energy-efficient gas-fired ovens. It will now be necessary to identify reliable entrepreneurs able to undertake industrial-scale manufacturing.

The project wins the Energy Globe award

On 20 May 2014, GERES received the Energy Globe Award at a ceremony held at the Austrian Embassy in Paris, in recognition of its efforts in Morocco over the last six years. The aim for 2015 is to develop largescale production to broaden the organization of the sector. It is likely that six other rural municipalities in Bouchachem regional park (Rif Mountains) and two municipalities in the Asrou-Midelt Sefrou ecological corridor (Middle Atlas) will be installing improved bread ovens.

A large-scale project is in course of evaluation with a Moroccan industrialist.

Financial partners • MPF-GEF – Global Environment Facility Micro-Finance Programme • AFD – French Development Agency • Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur Region • Prince Albert II de Monaco Foundation • POWEO Foundation • Macif Foundation • Veolia Environnement Foundation • Itancia Endowment Fund

GERES • Annual Report 2013

Morocco

Pruning fruit trees in an agro-forestry system can meet the energy needs of the inhabitants of Chefchaouen.

Agro-forestry and sustainable local biomass energy management In the Moroccan countryside, forests are regressing as people clear new land for agricultural purposes and cut down trees to meet their energy needs. The Eastern Rif has seen its plant cover shrink by around 23% between 1975 and 2006, causing environmental degradation and increased risks of landslide. However, it is possible to use the land sustainably by combining tree plantations with crops or grazing. This practice, known as a agro-forestry, helps not only to conserve soil fertility by limiting erosion but also to obtain wood through pruning of fruit trees. This wood can be used directly to meet people’s energy needs or sold to generate additional income. Farmers around Chefchaouen who have received training in erosion-control practices have diver-

sified their crops and have been selling their processed products for the second consecutive year via the network of committed restaurants in Chefchaouen. The sustainability of the work to promote pruning is guaranteed by the existence of a functional training centre for pruners and the continuation of support activities by the local associations AFTHA and EnSEn. Initial feedback from the 2013 pruning season demonstrates genuine interest from farmers in the new operational areas but, without the subsidy they received in connection with the project, difficulties may arise as regards outlets. Marketing of the wood was placed on a formal basis in 2013 when legal authorization was granted to the cooperative of vendors.

Indicators and impacts ►► Farmers around Chefchaouen trained in erosion-control practices are marketing their processed fruit products ►► 100 families self-sufficient in firewood ►► Marketing of the wood formalized in 2013 with legal authorization to prune the trees

Technical partners • EnSEn – Energy, Solidarity and Environment Association • AFHTA – Association/Foundation for people, land use and alternatives • Rif Association for local, sustainable development, Bellota

GERES • Annual Report 2013

Morocco

Visit to Badr hammam (Casablanca) where heating and combustion properties are improved by burning dry wood.

Sustainable hammams

Financial partners • SCAC – French Embassy Co-operation and Cultural Action Section • GEF-MFP – Global Environment Facility Micro-Finance Programme • GEODIS Technical partners • Planète Bois • Hierro • ADL-Chefchaouen – Chefchaouen Local Development Association • ARCBDT – Casablanca Regional Traditional Bath and Shower Association • Moroccan National Federation of Owners/Operators of Traditional Baths

Indicators and impacts ►► Moroccan hammams consume 4000 tonnes of wood per day ►► 40 supported hammams will serve as demonstration sites

GERES • Annual Report 2013

Moroccan hammams are heavy consumers of wood energy and water. As these resources become scarce in Morocco and their price rises, energy modernization of hammams is both an environmental and an economic necessity on which their future depends. Nevertheless, the hammam sector, which lacks professionalism and structure, is not in a position to move rapidly towards the use of efficient fuels and technologies. In July 2013, an efficient boiler equipped with a hydro-accumulation system was installed at a hammam in Casablanca, which meant training the Moroccan installer in this new technology. The boiler has proved its operational capacity with a reduction in wood consumption. Support to the hammam sector is to continue in 2014 with the start-up of a four-year programme aimed at increasing the energy and environmental performance of hammams via reductions in their consumption of water and energy, energy costs and the associated greenhouse gas emissions.

The programme will comprise: • c arrying out 40 demonstration projects that will receive specific assistance and technical follow-up; •p roviding support and advice to enable people to become familiar with the operation of the boiler and how to maintain it; • s upporting the emergence of private sector providers (consultancies and equipment suppliers) of services and technologies meeting the need for hammam modernization; • t esting a mechanism to advance money to hammams for investment purposes, via a dedicated revolving fund; •p reparing tools to help owners and operators make investment decisions. The programme will primarily stimulate existing initiatives and mature solutions, whilst fostering the emergence of a market for more innovative, complex solutions which are currently absent or almost absent from the hammam sector but have proved their worth in other situations.

Tonne, stere, toe… What’s the right measurement? Many different units of measurement are used when marketing wood: tonne, stere, m3, LHV, TOE, etc. Their use varies according to the packaging of the wood and the degree of organization or professionalization of the sector. In Morocco, wood is sold by weight, a unit of measurement that encourages vendors to market heavy wood with a high humidity content rather than dry wood. However, the best heating and combus tion properties are

obtained from burning dry wood. Use of the stere, which corresponds to one bulk m3, or m3, which corresponds to a genuine full volume of wood without air, would be more rational. The unit most conducive to energy efficiency is LHV, which measures the quantity of usable heat (or energy) given off when wood is burned in the open air. This is the unit used for wood pellet type fuels used in high-performance boilers.

The Climate Change Unit provides expertise to support projects. In 2013, the unit continued to offer innovative approaches to project developers in order to contribute to the emergence of clean, resilient development models in the South. The team’s activities rest on two main pillars: mitigation and adaptation. The first aims to limit the scale of climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emissions, while the second seeks to help territories adapt to the local impacts of such change. In 2013, the team operated in seven countries.

Afghanistan

FRANCE Support to GERES France in using the Geographical Information System (GIS) for a study of the hydro-electric potential of the valley of the Arve in Haute-Savoie.

Assisting the “winter measurement” campaign on 34 houses with the aim of measuring the efficiency of the proposed technologies and the thermal comfort of the Afghan beneficiaries.

Tajikistan Conducting a feedback and training workshop on the home energy efficiency project for members of GIZ and its partners. Launching a study of vulnerabilities and capacities to adapt to climate change.

FRANCE

CLIMATE CHANGE UNIT

Tajikistan

AFGHANISTAN

SENEGAL

CAMBODIA

SEnEgal Carrying out an assessment and producing an atlas of vulnerabilities for the Ferlo Interregional Alliance and preparing a teaching pack for local authority staff.

BENIN

CambodIA MALI

Mali In liaison with the CEnAO (Climate and Energy in West Africa) project, setting up a greenhouse gas emission reduction programme, carrying out studies and structuring the programme’s governance, business plan, validation for carbon certification and generation of carbon credits.

Setting up training for representatives of the Cambodian forestry agency and Ministry of Industry, Mines and Energy on accounting for greenhouse gas emissions from forestry operations.

West Africa Facilitating a centre of expertise on carbon finance in connection with the JatroRef (farmer biofuel supply chains) project and training on carbon finance in Mali (June 2013) and Senegal (November 2013). Taking part in a regional workshop on this theme with project developers.

GERES • Annual Report 2013

CLIMATE CHANGE UNIT

Assisting low-carbon projects

Financial partners • World Bank • European Union • FFEM – French Global Environment Facility • AFD – French Development Agency • ADEME – Environment and Energy Management Agency • Prince Albert II de Monaco Foundation • KfW Technical partners • IRAM – Institute for Applied Research in Development Methodology • South Pole Carbon • AI Environnement

Indicators and impacts ►► 170,345 TeqCO2 were avoided in Cambodia between January and May 2013 thanks to the NLS project

Grégoire Gailly, ALTERRE project leader in Mali

“The training in Dakar provided a great opportunity for exchanges between project developers in the sub-region. It helped me to get a better grasp of the shared difficulties of operators involved in Jatropha growing at small farmer level. Despite the complexity of the subject, the training helped to get an idea of the different possibilities, move away from received ideas and help participants to analyse the realities of the carbon market.”

GERES • Annual Report 2013

Last verification of emissions and carbon credits with the NLS project team in Cambodia, in August 2013. (End of the 10-year accreditation period)

Developing “carbon projects” is the core activity of the Climate Change Unit. These projects aim to extract value from reductions in greenhouse gas emissions and carbon sequestration. The Unit’s experts work on the development of carbon projects and innovative calculation methods adapted to the real situation on the ground. The CCU team also aims to share the knowledge acquired with project developers through the dissemination of teaching materials. In West Africa, the CCU team helped the CEnAO project with its carbon certification. It also studied the potential for agricultural and sustainable landuse management projects to access carbon finance. During the winter, the team worked alongside GERES Afghanistan to test the energy efficiency and insulation of the passive solar houses. In Tajikistan and Cambodia, the climate experts worked on potential heating and cooking stove projects. A manual on accounting for greenhouse gases was produced for projects concerning improved stoves, more efficient charcoal kilns and new forestry practices. Finally, the Unit continued its educational work on carbon finance and climate change by organizing training in Mali, Senegal, Cambodia and Tajikistan. In 2014, GERES climate experts will continue their support work with the various branch offices. Projects in the JatroREF network will be equipped with a calculation tool to assess the results of their activities. New impact analyses and efficiency studies

will be carried out in Central Asia. Finally, in Cambodia, the Unit will assist with the implementation of activities relating to sustainable management of community forests.

A new aid to decision-making for developers of carbon projects In 2013, the Climate Change Unit took part in developing a carbon finance platform for the GACC (Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves), which included a new aid to decision-making for project developers. This tool enables them to carry out a full feasibility study, from eligibility through to financial analysis. http://carbonfinanceforcookstoves.org/

CLIMATE CHANGE UNIT

Adaptation to climate change According to several scientific reports, the world now seems to be on course for global warming of more than 2°C by the end of the century, causing

tions are at particular risk from the effects and speed of these changes. Consequently, whilst continuing to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, it is vital to assist

Discussion group focusing on ability to adapt to climate change with inhabitants of Markhamat village in Tajikistan.

disruption to the global climate system. Given their underlying vulnerabilities, the development of countries in the South and the living conditions of their popula-

Vulnerability analysis tools The entire “ClimTerr” approach was set out in a kit of seven information sheets detailing the six steps for carrying out or commissioning vulnerability analyses, with precise specifications. All the tools were gathered together in an education pack and presented to the Senegalese Ministry of the Environment at an event on 10 December 2013 in the presence of Mr. Oumar Youm (Minister for local authorities) Mr. Jean-Jack Queyranne (President of Rhône-Alpes Region) and Mr. Adama Gueye (President of Ferlo Interregional Alliance).

territories and communities in adapting to the impacts of climate disturbance. Via its Climate Change Unit, GERES is making an active contribution to this assis-

tance on the ground. In 2013, the Climate Change Unit directed the ClimTerr programme in Senegal with a view to consolidating the achievements of 2012. The objective was to build the capacities of the regional stakeholders in the Ferlo Interregional Alliance. Local authority staff were therefore trained in the course of several sessions in using the assessment approach developed in connection with the programme. The Climate Change Unit also helped in Afghanistan to implement a territorial assessment including the climate dimension, during the start-up phase of the Central Highlands programme. In Tajikistan, the team supported the running of the first discussion workshops with the partner organizations on carrying out a vulnerability and resilience assessment. Support will continue to be provided in Central Asia in 2014, working with government agencies to define a local strategy for better natural resource governance.

Financial partnerS • Rhône-Alpes Region • AFD – French Development Agency • EU – European Union Technical partners • LEDeG – Ladakh Ecological Development Group • LEHO – Ladakh Environment and Health Organization • Solidarités international • Madera • AVSF –Agronomes et Vétérinaires Sans Frontières

Indicators and impacts ►► 60 ClimTerr packs distributed to local authority staff in the Ferlo area of Senegal

GERES • Annual Report 2013

CLIMATE CHANGE UNIT

Advocacy for Climate Solidarity

Financial partners • AFD – French Development Agency • F3E – Fund for the promotion of preliminary studies, cross-cutting studies and evaluations • ADEME – Environment and Energy Management Agenc Technical partners • Members of the CDC (AERE, ID, Action contre la Faim, Care France, WWF, Oxfam France, Gevalor, Médecins du Monde, GRDR, Iram, CARI, 4D, AVSF, GTD, CCFD-Terre Solidaire, RAC-F, GRET, Coordination SUD)

The 5th report of the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in 2013 confirmed the very likely link between climate disturbance and human activity. Despite calls from many institutions and governments for global mobilization, the UN process of climate negotiations is struggling to achieve tangible results. By choosing to host the Conference of the Parties (COP21) in Paris in 2015, the French government has undertaken the heavy task of moving the 189 countries towards a universal, binding agreement. In 2013, GERES has continued to ensure a presence at the major national and international climate meetings. The team went to Warsaw for the 19th World Climate Change Conference. The Unit’s experts organized round tables with highlevel panellists on the carbon markets and adaptation strategies. As part of the preparations for the future COP21, the dialogue between GERES and the French public authorities began and will continue until the end of 2015. The Climate Change Unit also contributed through the F3E study to the dissemination of good practice in combating climate change with development stakeholders. GERES participation in the Conference of the Parties on climate change (COP 19) in Warsaw, November 2013.

Indicators and results GERES, lead agency on the Climate and Development Committee of Coordination Sud Since January 2013, GERES has been lead agency on the Climate and Development Committee (CDC) of Coordination SUD, to which around fifteen French development and emergency aid NGOs belong. The CDC provides a forum for exchanging information on practices and innovations implemented in the field, as well as analysing climate and development policies and their impacts on countries in the South. The vocation of the CDC is also to ensure that the voice of civil society partners in the South is heard and to encourage the French public authorities and development stakeholders to take more account of such issues when adopting positions. In 2013, the Committee prepared its 2013-2016 plan of action and took part in exchanges with the public authorities on preparing for the 2015 world climate conference.

GERES • Annual Report 2013

►► Participation in four round tables in connection with COP19.

PUBLICATIONS IN 2013

Guide to eco-friendly waste management for middle schools in Bouches-du-Rhône The guide is aimed at anyone instigating activities in respect of waste in a middle school: head teachers, managers, teachers, technical staff, etc. The principle is to provide a good grasp of the issues and potential activities in individual schools with a view to the adoption of good practice: starting eco-friendly waste management, stepby-step, in compliance with the regulatory obligations to which middle schools are subject. Designed as a toolbox, the guide helps to get actual waste management activities under way at schools at their own pace and in the fields they choose.

Composting in Provence-AlpesCôte d’Azur website In order to promote quality at all stages, this site gathers together the necessary information and specific tools for the various stakeholders in the sector: compost users, operators of composting plants and producers of organic waste. It offers a way of disseminating the studies and documents arising from training sessions, working groups and technical seminars organized by the Facilitation Team. www.compostage-paca.fr

Tajik Catalogue of effective techniques : 9 ways to save energy Available in English, Tajik and Uzbek, this catalogue is aimed at professionals, artisans and local communities benefiting from low-carbon buildings and techniques. It presents all the technologies promoted by GERES in Tajikistan. For each of the nine technologies, the detailed user guide sets out step-by-step construction rules for easy implementation or reproduction of the technology. http://www.geres.eu/images/publications/catalogue-tajikistan-en.pdf

GERES • Annual Report 2013

PUBLICATIONS IN 2013

On-line tool for calculating a project’s carbon finance potential Accessible from the “Carbon finance” platform of the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves (GACC), the tool for calculating the carbon finance potential of projects will help you to carry out a full feasibility study from the eligibility of your project through to its financial analysis, according to the CDM (Clean Development Mechanism) and Gold Standard methodologies. This on-line calculator has been designed to meet the needs of project developers, but is also relevant to: • carbon finance specialists who have advanced knowledge of the project’s technical details and want to get a precise evaluation of its carbon finance potential. • neophytes who have basic information on the project and wish to obtain an initial estimate of its carbon finance potential. http://carbonfinanceforcookstoves.org/tools/screening-tool/

ClimTerr pack Adaptation to climate change The pack is a teaching tool funded by the Rhône-Alpes Region and intended for Senegalese local authority staff wishing to receive support in setting up a climate plan. It includes a kit of information sheets, an atlas and a poster. The teaching kit “Integrating climate disturbance in territorial management” is designed to help identify priority action in a territory to reduce its vulnerability in the face of climate change. It is made up of seven thematic information sheets ranging from descriptions of the environment and livelihoods through to the implementation of a territorial climate plan. Readers will find theoretical content, detailing the methodology used, together with practical advice on carrying out the activities. http://www.geres.eu/fr/ressources/

user guides to food-processing equipment These user guides to equipment for processing cassava or palm fruit or producing superior quality Agonlin groundnut oil have been published for the benefit of artisans and entrepreneurs involved in the SETUP project in Benin. They represent attractive capitalization documents, raising the profile of the activities and techniques established in aid of a food-processing service in rural Africa. http://www.geres.eu/fr/publications/

GERES • Annual Report 2013

KEEPING IN TOUCH

GERES website

The newsletter

75,949 visits in 2013

1239 subscribers at 31/12/2013

www.geres.eu

To subscribe to the newsletter: http://www.geres.eu/en/newsletter

French-speaking audience: 72% English-speaking audience: 22%

(i.e. an increase of +34% in relation to 2012)

The event

The first “Partner meetings” GERES organized 23 events in 2013. On 9 April 2013, GERES brought its partners together for the first time at a conference and workshops to exchange information and experience on funding methods, activities and prospects for NGOs working for universal access to clean energy.

On Social networks

Facebook

Twitter

Flickr

YouTube

2767 likes

1246 followers

25,252 viewings

14,155 video viewings

https://www.facebook.com/geres.asso.en

https://twitter.com/GERES_en

https://www.flickr.com/photos/geres_ environnement/

http://www.youtube.com/user/GeresAssociation

at 31/12/2013

GERES • Annual Report 2013

FINANCIAL REPORT

FINANCIAL REPORT 8% of cross-cutting activity is allocated to the Climate Change Unit and StovePlus. HQ activity (including the CO2Solidaire programme) amounts to 15%. These percentages are representative of the actual volume of activities in 2013 and do not take account of provisions, entries relating to valuation of stocks or outstanding commitments. The consolidated figures appear in the use of funds statement.

15%

Europe â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Mediterranean

21% Central Asia

21% West Africa

GERES â&#x20AC;˘ Annual Report 2013

20%

South-East Asia

FINANCIAL REPORT

Financial Analysis The 2013 budget totalled €9.4 million. The figure for the actual operating budget, which is lower, must be understood in terms of expenditure actually incurred, meaning that it does not include provisions, entries relating to stock valuation or dedicated funds..

Uses of funds Analysis of distribution shows that the South-East Asia region predominates, accounting for 32% of the total budget. In relation to the actual operating budget, uses of funds are distributed in a balanced way across the three major GERES regions, with Central Asia, South-East Asia and West Africa accounting for 21%, 20% and 21% respectively. The Europe-Mediterranean region and thematic cross-cutting Expertise unit account for 15% and 8% respectively of the actual operating budget. HQ costs account for 12% of the total budget.

Funds The share of public funds increased in 2013 to 46% of total funding. Private grants and donations received from the general public remained constant between 2012 and 2013. As additional resources were allocated to seeking private grants and raising individual donations in 2013, better results are expected for 2014. Income deriving from carbon finance fell substantially, accounting for no more than 7% of total funds in 2013. This is due to tensions in the carbon market and the volatility of credit prices as a result of the overall economic situation and the end of the Kyoto period. This trend is partially offset by the development of sales of services

The financial year GERES is in deficit as regards the 2013 financial year. This has weakened its financial structure: the level of the association’s reserves is inadequate, representing no more than 3% of GERES annual budget. However worrying it may be, this situation is common to many other associations. The financial and organizational strategy adopted for the period 2014-2017 should help to improve the economic position in the long run: • a pplications for exceptional support to cover certain project deficits; • i dentification of new public funders; • c anvassing of private foundations in the United States; • i ncreased external sales of expertise; • s eeking finance facilities to increase working capital and net available cash (e.g. long-term loans and “titres associatifs” [bonds issued by not-for-profit associations]) ; •p utting new management tools in place. The deficit of €127,000 in 2013 can be explained firstly by the underfunding of several projects implemented in West Africa and, secondly, by the fact that several projects run in France and Mediterranean countries came to an end. This was combined with a time lag and reduction in funding obtained to implement new projects in the Europe-Mediterranean region. A number of corrective measures were taken at the end of 2013 to control the financial risk in these two regions in 2014. As a result, the costs of co-ordinating and implementing projects were limited as far as possible, which had a knock-on effect on the organization of human resources.

Projections Our projections for 2014 anticipate a 21% budget increase in relation to 2013. This rise corresponds on the one hand to implementation of a major project in Central Asia and, on the other, to the structuring and development of the new Expertise unit begun in 2013. Particular attention will be paid to controlling HQ costs in 2014, because there are no plans to increase the percentage of total budget volume, despite the decision taken at the end of 2013 to strengthen general management by splitting the executive director position. Optimum use of resources will make this cost restriction possible, while growth in the overall operating budget in 2014 will mean an increase in relative value.

GERES • Annual Report 2013

FINANCIAL REPORT

ANNUAL USE OF FUNDS STATEMENT ► Use of funds use of funds Association's purpose France & Europe Developing countries Mediterranean

2013

2012

Variation 2013-2012

Allocation of funds collected from individual donors in 2013

8,009,359

85%

9,466,537

90%

-15%

151,155

954,789

10%

1,184,159

11%

-19%

15,527

7,054,570

75%

8,282,378

78%

-15%

135,628

184,173

355,615

-48%

Central Asia

1,618,703

17%

1,237,140

12%

31%

65,392

South-East Asia

2,953,137

32%

4,774,961

45%

-38%

55,110

West Africa

1,701,605

18%

1,681,923

16%

15,126

596,952

232,739

156%

Head office costs

1,148,600

12%

992,886

16%

32,947

Fundraising costs

107,322

60,418

0,6%

78%

32,947

1,016,387

11%

907,332

12%

24,733

0,3%

24,350

0,2%

158

0,1%

786

0,1%

-80%

Outstanding commitment

263,495

110,610

138%

Surplus for financial year

TOTAL USE OF FUNDS IN €

9,421,454

100%

10,570,033

100%

-11%

Total actual Use of funds (excluding surplus, provisions, stock and oustanding commitment)

7,686,309

82%

7,592,803

72%

Expertise (Climate Change Unit & StovePlus)

Operating costs Provisions Extraordinary expenditure

The 2013 budget totalled €9.4 million, a drop of 11% in relation to 2012. It should be remembered that 2012 saw a change in accounting method as regards recognition of the stock of carbon credits generated by the improved stove project in Cambodia, which had artificially inflated the 2012 budget. The operating budget remained stable at some €7.7 million, a slight increase of 1% in relation to 2012. HQ costs accounted for 12% of the total budget, a 16% rise in relation to 2012. This change is mainly due to the attachment in 2013 of the CO2Solidaire programme to the HQ Communications and Fundraising unit, which was previously attached to the Climate Change Unit. As a result, running costs (including communications) and the costs of raising private funding increased by 12% and 78% respectively between 2012 and 2013.

184,102

DISTRIBUTION OF USES OF FUNDS IN 2013 Expertise (Climate Change Unit & StovePlus) West Africa

HQ costs

18%

12% 3%

Outstanding commitment

10% France & Europe 2%

32% 17%

South-East Asia

Mediterranean

Central Asia

The social mission accounts for 85% of the total budget, a drop of 15% in relation to 2012. However, this variation encompasses major disparities between regions: Biomass-energy activities slowed down in South-East Asia with the end of the flagship New Lao Stove project in the course of 2013. This slowdown, combined with the impact of stock entries in the 2012 budget (around €1.5 million) meant a budget decrease of 38% between 2012 and 2013. Several projects in France and Mediterranean countries (Morocco and Egypt) came to an end during 2013, resulting in decreases of 19% and 48% respectively in the volume of activities. New bioclimatic housing activities started in Central Asia in 2013, with the launch of the Central Highlands programme in Afghanistan. The 156% increase in the budget of the Expertise unit is mainly due to the expansion of the StovePlus programme begun in mid-2012.

CHANGES IN USES OF FUNDS FROM 2007 TO 2013 1%

12%

10%

12%

11%

12%

87%

88%

87%

88%

90%

91%

88%

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Surplus

GERES • Annual Report 2013

HQ costs

Association’s purpose and oustanding commitment

FINANCIAL REPORT

► Funds FUNDS Funds collected from individual donors

2013

2012

Variation 2013-2012

Follow up of funds collected from individual donors and used in 2013 184,102

184,102

217,378

-15%

Grants allocated

5,650,342

60%

5,305,905

50%

Public

3,805,064

40%

3,475,373

33%

Private

1,845,278

20%

1,830,532

17%

Production sold

1,243,764

13%

1,604,056

15%

-22%

663,165

1,571,828

15%

-58%

Carbon credits Services

580,599

32,228

0,3%

1702%

1,662,538

18%

3,279,322

31%

-49%

Inventory

940,617

10%

1,887,239

18%

-50%

Other operating income

140,290

309,276

-55%

Recovery of provisions

343,609

1,079,881

10%

-68%

5810

0,1%

2188

0,1%

166%

Extraordinary income

232,212

738

31,345%

Carry forward of unused funds from previous years

553,627

144,947

282%

Loss for the financial year

127,081

18,425

0,2%

590%

TOTAL FUNDS IN €

9,421,454

100%

10,570,033

100%

-11%

Total actual Funds (excluding deficit, recovery of provisons, stock entries and unused funds carried forward from earlier years)

7,456,520

79%

7,439,541

70%

0,2%

Other income

Financial income

The 2013 budget is in deficit by €127,000. Actual operating funds remained stable at €7.5 million between 2012 and 2013, which was not sufficient to cover the slight increase in uses of funds. Donations from the general public amounted to €184,000, i.e. a fall in value between 2012 and 2013 although their volume remained stable at 2% of total funds. Public and private grants totalled €4.7 million, accounting for 40% and 20% respectively of total funds in 2013. Sales of carbon credits amounted to €613,000, a drop of 58%. This substantial decrease reflects the shrinkage of the carbon finance market. Service provision generated income of €581,000, 6% of total funds. Apart from a change in accounting method, the net increase is due to the development of sales of expertise in France and around the world. The 50% decrease in stock entries between 2012 and 2013 is due to the fact that some €1 million of credits generated during previous financial years were recognized in 2012. Other operating income amounted to

€140,000, primarily representing reimbursement of expenses and other ancillary operating income. The 55% decrease in relation to 2012 is due to a change in accounting method and the recognition as of 1 January 2013 of taxable service provision in a distinct operating (forprofit) sector. The 68% decrease in recoveries of provisions should be seen in connection with the fall in carbon finance income, insofar as a provision for unsold stock is set aside for each carbon credit stock entry (precisely to take account of the uncertainties of that volatile market), before being cancelled at the time of actual sale. Extraordinary income amounted to €232,000 in 2013, €110,000 of which was income from previous years deriving from local community contributions to the projects in Cambodia. The remaining €122,000 corresponds to a settlement agreed following breach of a carbon credit sales contract and allocated to the project that had generated the credits. The recovery of dedicated funds in the amount of €553,000 primarily refers to allocation of reserve funds deriving from the sale of carbon credits that were not used during previous years. These funds relate to the projects in Cambodia.

184,102

ORIGIN OF FUNDS IN 2013

Funds collected Other operating income

Production sold

Carry forward of unused funds from previous years

2% 6% 18%

13%

Loss for the financial year

0,2%

40%

20% Private grants

Public grants

GERES • Annual Report 2013

FINANCIAL REPORT

Balance sheet NET ASSETS IN €

2013

Intangible assets Tangible assts

2012 2373

44,021

64,687

-32%

Financial assets

21,371

7490

185%

TOTAL FIXED ASSETS IN €

67,765

72,177

-6%

Stock of services

54,602

1,439,130

917,889

57%

Stock of goods Receivables

15,287,012

6,977,581

119%

Accrued income

348,537

590,963

-41%

Prepaid expenses

31,642

24,241

31%

Cash

890,054

1,543,926

-42%

TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS IN €

18,050,977

10,054,600

80%

TOTAL ASSETS IN €

18,118,742

10,126,777

79%

NET LIABILITIES IN €

2013

2012

Variation 2013-2012

Social Fund

404,734

423,159

-4%

Operating result

-127,081

-18,425

590%

TOTAL ASSOCIATION FUNDS IN €

277,653

404,734

-31%

70,501

66,573

Provision for end-of-service allowance Other provisions

1,655,910

917,889

80%

Dedicated Funds

1,640,003

1,930,135

-15%

TOTAL PROVISIONS IN €

3,366,414

2,914,597

16%

143,978

182,921

-21%

Due to suppliers Tax and social security

503,749

611,606

-18%

Deferred income

13,826,948

6,012,919

130%

TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES IN €

14,474,675

6,807,446

113%

TOTAL LIABILITIES IN €

18,118,742

10,126,777

79%

The 79% increase in the 2013 balance sheet total in relation to 2012 is the result of the €10 million grant obtained from the French Development Agency for the Central Highlands programme in Afghanistan, only €600,000 of which concerns the 2013 financial year. In line with the principles of accrual accounting, the entire €10 million was recognized as grants obtained and therefore appears in the balance sheet under assets as receivables from donors, whereas the €9.4 million not relating to the 2013 financial year was entered as deferred income under liabilities. The increases in stock and provisions between 2012 and 2013 are correlated because each new carbon credit stock entry, valued at its cost price, is matched by a provision for unsold stock in the same amount. In 2013, two other risk provisions were also set aside: a €56,000 provision for deficit on a West African project and a €126,000 provision for non-recovery of a receivable from a partner. Dedicated funds amounted to €1.6 million, primarily corresponding to the reserve funds deriving from the sale of carbon credits in Cambodia.

Variation 2013-2012

GERES • Annual Report 2013

CHANGES IN BUDGET AND RESERVES IN € Total budget

Reserves

Actual operating budget

12,000,000 10,000,000

9,421,454

8,000,000

7,686,309

6,000,000 4,000,000 2,000,000 0

277,653 2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

NB: The total budget and actual operating budget correspond to expenditure. They should be read in the light of the use of funds statement rather than the balance sheet.

FINANCIAL REPORT

Origin of and changes in funds by branch office in € 2013 Head office

2012

2011

50,287

163,616

35,800

Central Asia

2,158,832

1,410,406

1,621,616

South East Asia

3,272,794

5,133,894

3,372,474

West Africa

2,017,945

1,975,012

1,762,302

Europe Mediterranean

1,259,449

1,620,361

1,525,736

535,066

248,319

294,382

9,294,373

10,551,608

8,612,310

Expertise (Climate Change Unit & StovePlus TOTAL IN €

HQ funds in 2013 primarily correspond to a private grant to the CO2Solidaire programme and a grant from the Institutional and Organizational Strengthening Fund of Coordination SUD obtained for the commissioning of an external assessment in connection with the 2013-2017 strategy debate. The decrease in funds in South-East Asia is related to the shrinkage of the carbon market: a drop of €1.5 million in carbon income was recorded between 2012 and 2013. This figure takes account firstly of a fall in carbon credit sales turnover and, secondly, recovery of provisions associated with outgoing stock valued at cost price. The amount and proportion of funds generated by the South-East Asia region remained balanced in relation to uses of funds in that same region. As a result, uses and funds followed the same trend, which also reflects the end of a major biomass-energy project.

CHANGES IN FUNDS PER BRANCH OFFICE FROM 2007 TO 2013 Millions 12 10

Expertise (Climate Change Unit & StovePlus)

Europe Mediterranean

West Africa

South-East Asia

Central Asia

HQ 2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

FUNDS GENERATED BY BRANCH OFFICES IN 2013

Europe Méditerranée

West Africa

22%

15 % 6 %

Expertise (Climate Change Unit & StovePlus) HQ

0,1% 23% 35%

Central Asia

South-East Asia

GERES • Annual Report 2013

FINANCIAL REPORT

Origin of funds by funding source Origin of funds 2011 - 2013 2013 PUBLIC FUNDS IN €

2012

2011

4,272,208

46%

3,475,373

33%

3,760,608

44%

795,032

1,403,302

13%

1,632,713

19%

1,654,717

18%

785,686

669,601

40,000

0,4%

270,538

238,913

European Union AFD / FFEM / MAEE

ADEME International ADEME PACA

441,399

279,864

348,515

Other international cooperation

254,836

116,745

288,052

French local authorities

501,674

619,238

582,814

Other public donors

584,550

PRIVATE FUNDS IN €

5,022,165

54%

7,076,235

67%

4,851,702

56%

Foundations / Private partners Individual donors

2,029,381

22%

2,047,911

19%

1,262,700

15%

1,341,272

14%

1,468,523

14%

617,161

Of which NGOs and collectives

475,178

256 ,784

584,447

Of which individual donors and other private funds

212,931

322,604

61,092

Carbon Finance

663,165

1,571,828

15%

3,145,320

36%

Services

113,454

32,228

Recovery of dedicated funds

553,627

144,947

72,245

1,284,226

14%

2,967,119

28%

378,312

312,202

371,437

9,294,373

100%

10,551,608

100%

8,612,309

100%

Of which companies and foundations

Recovery of provisions and stock variation Miscellaneous TOTAL IN €

The figures above correspond to total funds and include stock variations and recoveries of provisions and dedicated funds. The “Other international co-operation” item includes bilateral or multilateral government aid organizations. The “Other public funders” item covers local governments in GERES countries of operation, together with a few specialist international public funders. The “Individual donations and other private funds” item covers donations received from the general public, awards and grants obtained from endowment funds. The “Sundry” Item under Private funds includes ancillary operating income, financial income and extraordinary income. Public funds account for 57% of actual operating funds (excluding deficit, stock variation, recovery of provisions and recovery of dedicated funds), while private funds amount to 43%. A breakdown of these percentages shows: • f or public funds => 51% public grants and 6% public income deriving from service provision • f or private funds => 32% not-for-profit private funds (grants, donations and sundry), 9% carbon finance income and 2% private income deriving from service provision. Taxable income therefore represented 17% of total actual operating funds in 2013 (6% and 2% from service provision and 9% from carbon finance). Changes in actual oper

CHANGES IN ACTUAL OPERATING FUNDS PER FUNDING SOURCE BETWEEN 2007 AND 2013 (Excluding recovery from provisions, dedicated funds and stock variations)

(including carbon finance)

6,000,000

ORIGIN OF ACTUAL OPERATING FUNDS IN 2013

Carbone Finance

Private funds

Public funds 5,000,000

(Excluding recovery from provisions, dedictaed funds and stock variations)

4,272,208

4,000,000 3,000,000

3,184,312

2,000,000

Various non-profit private funds 32%

1,000,000 0

663,165 2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

PRIVATE FUNDS

43%

CHANGES IN PUBLIC FUNDS FROM 2007 TO 2013 Carbon Finance 9%

Stranger funds

Public funds 3,000,000

2,637,790

2,500,000

1,634,418

1,500,000 1,000,000

57% Public grants 51%

Private service provision 2% Public service provision 6%

2,000,000

500,00

PUBLIC FUNDS

2007

2008

GERES • Annual Report 2013

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

FINANCIAL REPORT

Prospects for 2014 Prospects by region In West Africa In 2014, energy efficiency and rural energy access programmes continued, focusing on assisting economic operators in the territory to ensure the viability of the technological solutions tested. In this way, the WASSA stove produced and disseminated by local craftsmen has become the benchmark low-energy stove. In rural areas of Mali and Benin, economic operators are organizing around electrified business parks to facilitate their access to energy and develop their activities for the benefit of surrounding communities (crafts, food processing, services and so on). In Europe-Mediterranean After a difficult year in 2013, activities in Europe-Mediterranean will be reduced in 2014. However, GERES will take part in various strategic operations in respect of the region's energy transition: the "Let’s go for solar living in PACA" operation to facilitate the solar water heater market; energy retrofitting platform for the metropolis of Marseille; action to recycle organic matter; assisting citizen renewable energy projects; and regional ClimAgri activities. 2014 will also see the firming up of co-operation with our Moroccan partner EnSEn through the hammam modernization programme in Morocco. Other co-operative arrangements are expected in relation to efficient gas-fired ovens and management of energy demand in the residential and tertiary sectors. In Central Asia In Afghanistan, programme activities in the central regions have already begun. Nevertheless, the official launch is to take place before the summer depending on the security situation. At the same time, the team in Kabul is preparing a new project aimed at extending the dissemination of energy-saving solutions in urban housing. In Mongolia, a partnership with SDC (Swiss Development and Co-operation Agency) is under discussion with a view to geographical extension of GERES activities. Finally, in Tajikistan, GERES would like to continue its activities in sustainable rural development in both Ayni and Pamir. Similarly, other energy efficiency activities are under consideration.

South-East Asia In 2014, the field teams will all be primarily involved in the SFM (Sustainable Forest Management) project, which draws on the expertise of all GERES projects: supporting the production and dissemination of improved stoves, installing improved charcoal kilns, training forest communities in sustainable forest management, etc. Alongside this project, which will come to an end during 2015, the research teams will be looking to identify needs with a view to future projects. New levers to ensure the continuity of the ongoing programme will be found through further analysis of the use of biomass energy beyond domestic usage.

cross-cutting approaches at international level. Active in all GERES countries of operation, the unit plans to focus more particularly in 2014 on supporting the improved stove sector (StovePlus programme); carrying out Energy/Climate/ Territory assessments, trialling energy access platforms; mobilizing new climate instruments (Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Action – NAMA); and coming to the aid of social entrepreneurship within projects. Finally, the climate section is facilitating the preparatory work for the Conference of the Parties on climate change (COP21 - Paris 2015) within Coordination-SUD.

expertise unit In 2013, GERES brought its cross-cutting experts together in a single "Expertise" unit designed to support the field teams in their activities and promote GERES

PROVISIONAL 2014 BUDGET BY BRANCH OFFICE (IN €) BRANCH OFFICE

2014 Forecasts

2013 Actuals

Variation 2014-2013

Central Asia

3,875,435

1,780,199

118%

South East Asia

1,995,822

2,953,137

-32%

West Africa

1,514,888

1,701,605

-11%

Europe Mediterranean

1,217,682

1,167,457

Expertise (Climate Change Unit & StovePlus)

1,380,207

670,456

106%

Headquarters

1,388,992

1,148,600

21%

TOTAL BUDGET

11,373,026

9,421,454

21%

PROVISIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF USES OF FUNDS IN 2014

PROVISIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF USES OF FUNDS PER BRANCH OFFICE IN 2014 HQ

HQ costs 12% Expertise (Climate Change Unit & StovePlus)

Association's purpose 88%

Europe - Mediterranean

12%

34%

Central Asia

12% 11% 13%

West Africa

18% South-East Asia

GERES • Annual Report 2013

Index of partners

Financial Partners

Technical Partners

1 + 1 = 3: 38. Abbé Pierre Foundation: 21, 25, 26, 43. ACIAR – Australian Centre For International Research in Agriculture: 31. ADEME – Environment and Energy Management Agency: 35, 36, 38, 40, 46, 47, 58. ADEME – Provence-Alpes Côte d’Azur Regional Office: 45, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52. AERMC – Rhône Mediterranean Corsica Water Authority: 49. AFD – French Development Agency: 9, 21, 22, 35, 38, 54, 58, 59, 60. Air france - KLM (Flying Blue) Anah – National Housing Agency: 47. APFED – Asia-Pacific Forum on Environment and Development: 31. Benin Directorate-General for Energy: 36. blue moon fund: 29. Bouches-du-Rhône Departmental Council: 46, 50. CARF – Cambodian Fund for Research in Farming: 31. Communauté du Pays d’Aix: 50. Crédit Coopératif: 35. EDF: 38, 43. EEP – Energy and Environment Partnership Mekong: 30. Ensemble Foundation: 26 ESIA: 50. European Union: 16, 23, 25, 36, 38, 41, 42, 43, 44, 53, 58, 59. F3E – Fund for the promotion of preliminary studies, cross-cutting studies and evaluations: 60. FFEM – French Global Environmental Facility: 16, 28, 29, 36, 54, 58. Finnish Ministry of Foreign Affairs: 30. GEF – Global Environment Facility: 28,29. GEODIS: 56. GIZ – German International Co-operation: 16, 25, 57. Government of Benin: 38. Hub rural: 36. Humus Endowment fund: 23. Itancia Endowment fund: 50, 54. KfW – Reconstruction Loan Facility (Germany): 35, 58. Legallais Foundation: 21. Lord Michelham of Hellingly Foundation: 35, 38. Macif Foundation: 43, 54. MAE – French Ministry of Foreign Affairs: 38. MEDDE – Ministry of Ecology, Sustainable Development and Energy: 45. MPM – Marseille Provence Métropole: 50, 53. Nordic development funds: 30. Pays d’Aubagne et de l’Etoile Urban District Authority: 45, 46. Poweo Foundation: 36, 38, 54. Prince Albert II de Monaco Foundation: 18, 35, 36, 54, 58. Principality of Monaco: 23. Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur Region: 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52. Provence-Luberon-Durance district authority: 50. Raja-Danièle Marcovici Foundation: 38. RRA – Rhône-Alpes Region: 39, 59. SCAC – French Embassy Co-operation and Cultural Action Section: 56. Solinergy Endowment fund: 43. Synergie Solaire Endowment fund: 23, 38. TATE: 36. TEI – Thai Environmental Institute: 31. UNDP – United Nations Development Programme: 28, 29, 39. Veolia Environnement Foundation: 36, 54. WECF – Women in Europe for a Common Future: 25, 44. World Bank: 10, 16, 36, 58.

13 Habitat (France): 42. ABERME – Rural Electrification and Energy Management Agency: 38. ACBAR – Agency Co-ordinating Body for Afghan Relief and Development: 21. Accueil et Rencontres: 50. ADEME – Environmentw and Energy Management Agency: 49, 53. ADEME – Provence-Alpes Côte d’Azur Regional Office: 46, 52. ADEREE – National Agency for the Development of Renewable Energies and Energy Efficiency: 53. ADIL – Departmental Housing Information Agency: 46. ADL Chefchaouen – Chefchaouen Local Development Association: 56. AERMC – Rhône Mediterranean Corsica Water Authority: 48. AFHTA – Association/Foundation for people, land use and alternatives: 55. AFOVERT company: 35. AI Environnement: 58. AMADER – Domestic Energy and Rural Electrification Agency (Mali): 16, 35. AMEDD – Malian Association for Promoting Awareness of Sustainable Development: 36, 37. ANADEB – National Agency for Biofuel Development in Mali: 37. APEAS – Agence provençale pour une économie alternative et solidaire: 50. Arbonaut: 30. ARC – Association of Co-ownership Managers: 46, 47. ARCBDT – Casablanca Regional Traditional Bath and Shower Association: 56. Ardi Foundation: 53. Arkhangai Herders' Federation: 23. ASDP Nau – Agency Supporting the Development Process: 25. Asian Development Bank: 16. AVSF – Agronomes et Vétérinaires sans Frontières: 23, 39, 59, 60. BDM – Mediterranean Sustainable Buildings: 46. Cambodian forestry administration: 28, 29, 30, 31, 33. CAPEB 13 – Bouches-du-Rhône Confederation of Building Sector Artisans and Small Enterprises: 47. Caritas Frankfurt (Germany): 43. CAVM – Centre d’animation du Vieux Moulin: 50. CEBEDES – Environment and Socio-economic Development Centre: 38. CeRPA Zou Collines – Regional Centre for Agricultural Promotion: 37. CIRAD – Centre for International Co-operation in Agronomic Research for Development: 37. CLER – Renewable Energy Liaison Committee (France): 43. CNESOLER – National Solar and Renewable Energy Agency (Mali): 16, 35. Councils of the nine municipalities in Zou: 38. CPIE Rhône Pays d’Arles – Environmental Initiative Centre: 50. Crete Technical University (Greece ): 41. Croq’Jardin – Foyers ruraux: 50. CSE – Ecological monitoring centre: 39. DBACD – Dakahlya Businessmen's Association for Community Development (Egypt): 53. DGE – Benin Directorate-General for Energy: 37. DNE Mali – National Energy Department: 16. DREAL PACA – Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur Regional Environment, Planning and Housing Department: 45, 48. EACD – Egyptian Association for Comprehensive Development: 53. EAP – Energy Agency of Plovdiv (Bulgaria): 43. Ecoclub (Ukraine): 44. Écopolénergie: 45. EMAS – Mobile School for Water and Sanitation: 44. ENDA – Environmental Development Action in the Third Word: 39. Enerplan: 47. EnSEn – Energy, Solidarity and Environment Association: 55, 71. Envirobat Méditerranée: 46. Épluchures: 50. European Union: 16, 23, 25, 36, 38, 41, 42, 43, 44, 53, 58, 59. Ever Green social enterprise (Myanmar): 16. FOCUS – Sustainable Development Association (Slovenia): 43. Forestry administration of Pursat, Battambang, Kampong speu and Kampong Chhnang provinces: 28, 30, 31. FRB PACA – French Building Federation: 47. GACC – Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves: 8, 16, 17, 33, 58, 62. GERERE – Study and Research Group on Renewable Energies and the Environment: 53. GESPER – Regional Environmental Association: 50. GIE PFA – Economic Interest Group, improved stove project: 35. GIZ German International Co-operation: 16, 25, 57.

GERES • Annual Report 2013

Index of partners

Government of Arkhangai: 23. Greens Movement (Georgia): 44. Hierro: 56. ICS – Cambodian Standards Institute: 29. IDEMU – Urban Ecology Institute (France): 43. IFP Malick Sidibé – Vocational Training Institute: 37. IITA Benin – International Institute of Tropical Agriculture: 37. IRAM – Institute for Applied Research in Development Methodology: 36, 37, 58, 60. Jardilien: 50. Kabul city council: 21. Kognoumani Unit: 35. Koprivnica Križevci County Physical Planning Institute (Croatia): 41. Kyoto Club (Italy ): 41. LAHDC – Leh Autonomous Hill Development Council: 26. Le Loubatas: 45. Le Partenariat de Saint-Louis: 39. LEDeG – Leh Ecological Development Group: 26, 59. LEHO – Ladakh and Health Organization: 26, 59. Castorama de Saint-Loup shop: 50. Les Jardins de l’Espérance: 50. LIRE – Lao Institute for Renewable Energy: 16, 33. Madera: 22, 59. Meyrargues town council: 50. MIME – Cambodian Ministry of Industry, Mines and Energy: 28, 29, 30. Mlup baitong: 28, 33. MOE – Cambodian Ministry of Environment: 28. Municipality of Lakatamia (Cyprus): 41. Naturoscope: 50. NECU - National Ecological Centre of Ukraine (Ukraine): 44. Oléo-Déclic: 51. ONEMA – National Water and Aquatic Environment Office: 48. Orgaterre: 51. Pays d’Aubagne et de l’Etoile Urban District Authority: 45. Peppermint: 50. PlaNet Finance: 56. Planète Bois: 38, 53. PPZS – Arid pastoral zone unit: 39. Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur Region: 48. Provincial energy offices of Pursat, Battambang, Kampong speu and Kampong Chhnang provinces: 28. Qualibat: 47. Qualit’EnR: 47. Regional EIC network in PACA: 46. Regional EIC network: 46. Regional Water Authority: 48, 49. REFOCTC – Regional Forest Community Training Centre: 28. Rif Association for local, sustainable development, Bellota: 55. SAB – Solidarity Afghanistan Belgium: 21. Sarajevo Hydro-Engineering Institute (Bosnia-Herzegovina): 41. SDCA - Akhaltsikhe Social Development Centre (Georgia): 44. Simiane town council: 50. SNV – Netherlands volunteer foundation: 16, 33. Solagro: 49. Solidarités International: 22, 59. South Pole Carbon: 58. SWEA – Severn Wye Energy Agency (United Kingdom): 43. TACC – Territorial Approach to Climate Change: 39. TEC – Tourisme Transport Territoires Environnement Conseil: 47. Tirana Agricultural University (Albania): 41. UCAD – Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar: 39. UFC Que Choisir: 47. UGB – Gaston Berger University, Saint-Louis: 39. ULB – Free University of Brussels: 37. UNIS – Union of property management agencies: 47. University of Ziguinchor: 39. Vitri – University of Helsinki: 30. Viviane Hamon Conseil: 52.

Vozrozhdenie - Vozrozhdenie Tatarbunary (Ukraine): 44 WACCA – West African Clean Cooking Alliance: 16, 35. World Bank: 10, 16, 36, 58.

GERES • Annual Report 2013

Credits: Collective compilation GERES Co-ordination: Caroline Pierret Proofreading: Alain Liban Translation: Jean Lubbock Graphic design and production: [LBLB] Loïc Beillet le Béhérec — www.loicbeillet.com Copyright: © GERES/Nicolas FRÜH (cover: beneficiary of a solar passive house in kabul, Afghanistan); © GERES/Alexander CROOK; © GERES/Benjamin ROGEZ; © GERES/Pierre THIRIET; © GERES/Oriane ZERA; © GERES/Africa express; © GERES/Sophie NEGRIER; © Alexandros Parotidis (p.43) This report eco-designed in accordance with GERES environmental charter in order to minimize its impact on the environment.

Printing: Orsi

Published in July 2014

GERES • Annual Report 2013

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