Introduction
Further typologies of business travel and tourism In addition to the typology featured in Figure 1.1, there are other ways of looking at, and subdividing, business travel and tourism, based on various criteria. These would result in alternative typologies reflecting different factors. Some of these typologies are illustrated in Figure 1.2 and are just ten of the many other ways in which we could endeavour to subdivide business travel and tourism.
The structure of business travel and tourism Figure 1.3 represents an attempt to model the structure of the types of business travel and tourism which are the core concern of this book. Of course, the reality is much more complex than this simple diagram suggests. For example, transport operators include: 䊉 䊉 䊉
air, rail, ferry, cruise liner, taxi, bus, coach and rail operators transport operators offering transport to the destination transport operators operating transport networks within the destination.
It is also clear that there is a high degree of interdependency between the various players involved in business travel and tourism. For example, incentive travel agencies rely on the
Consumers/customers DEMAND
· Individuals · Companies · Associations
Specialist intermediaries
INTERMEDIARIES
· · · · · ·
Business travel agents Conference placements and handling agencies Exhibition companies Event management companies Incentive travel agencies Destination marketing and management agencies
Suppliers
SUPPLY
· Transport operators · Conference, exhibition, training courses product launch, incentive travel venues · residential · non-residential · Accommodation operators · Ancillary services such as catering · Specialist services such as audio-visual and entertainment equipment and information technology · Visitor attractions
Figure 1.3 The structure of business travel and tourism Source: after Horner and Swarbrooke (1996).
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