Urology
(once the haematuria has settled and the irrigation has stopped). The patient will require a urinary tract ultrasound to image the upper tracts and a flexible cystoscopy when the urine is clear. If these two last tests are negative, an intravenous urogram should be organized to exclude ureteric pathology. KEY POINTS
• Patients with frank haematuria and persistent microscopic haematuria need investigating with cytoscopy and upper tract imaging.
• Patients on oral anticoagulation who develop haematuria still require investigation.
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