ENDNOTES
51 “Corruption in Afghanistan: Bribery as Reported by the Victims,” United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC,) January 2010, 4. http://www.unodc.org/documents/data-and-analysis/Afghanistan/Afghanistan-corruption-survey2010-Eng.pdf. 52 “Opiate Flows Through Northern Afghanistan and Central Asia”, 10, 21-25; “Afghanistan Opium Survey 2012,” 4.
Section 4 53
“World Drug Report 2011,” 45.
54
Ibid., 71.
55 Press-conference by Viktor Ivanov, Director of Federal Service for Control of Narcotics Circulation (FSKN), State TV and Radio Corporation “Rossiya” Press-Center, April 5, 2012. 56
“International Narcotics Control Strategy Report, Vol. 1,” 267–269.
EWI • AFGHAN narcotrafficking
57 “The Global Afghan Opium Trade: A Threat Assessment,” 28; “International Narcotics Control Strategy Report, Vol. 1,” 376, 413. 58
“The Global Afghan Opium Trade: A Threat Assessment,” 44.
59
“Opiate Flows Through Northern Afghanistan and Central Asia,” 48, 69–70.
60
Ibid., 58–59.
61
“International Narcotics Control Strategy Report, Vol. 1,” 413.
62
“Opiate Flows Through Northern Afghanistan and Central Asia,” 14, 72.
63
Ibid., 53, 57.
64
“The Global Afghan Opium Trade: A Threat Assessment,” 47.
65
“Opiate Flows Through Northern Afghanistan and Central Asia,” 70.
66
Ibid., 46.
67 According to the UNODC, heroin users accounted for an absolute majority of Russia’s 1.7 million opiate users in 2009. See “World Drug Report 2011,” 51, 72–73. 68
52
Viktor Ivanov, quoted by Interfax news agency, March 23, 2012.
69 UNODC, “World Drug Report 2011,” 83. http://www.unodc.org/documents/data-andanalysis/WDR2011/World_Drug_Report_2011_ebook.pdf. 70
Viktor Ivanov, quoted by Interfax news agency, March 23, 2012.