Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2010 Update: Chapter 12
12. Risk Factor: Physical Inactivity See Table 12-1 and Charts 12-1 through 12-4.
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Prevalence Youth
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Inactivity ●
The proportion of adolescents who report engaging in no regular PA is high, and the proportion increases with age: — In the 2007 YRBS of adolescents in grades 9 through 12, 31.8% of females and 18% of males had not engaged in 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), defined as any activity that increased heart rate or breathing rate, even once in the previous 7 days.1 — By the age of 16 or 17 years, 31% of white girls and 56% of black girls reported no habitual leisure-time PA.2 — Rates of inactivity were highest among black (42.1%) and Hispanic (35.2%) females compared with white females (28.2%).1 — Among males, blacks were also the least likely to engage in MVPA 5 or more days per week (21.8%), followed by Hispanic (18.8%) and white (16.7%) males.1
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outside of school time (24.9%) or watching television (35.4%) in the 2007 YRBS.1 The proportion of males who spent ⬎3 hours using computers (29.1%) or watching television (37.5%) was higher than that of females (computers 20.6% and television 33.2%).1 A greater proportion of black and Hispanic students than white students used computers or watched television ⬎3 hours per day.1
Self-Reported and Measured Activity ●
There is a marked discrepancy between the proportion of youth who report meeting PA guidelines (ⱖ60 minutes of MVPA on most days of the week) and those who met guidelines when activity was measured objectively with accelerometers (portable motion censors that record and quantify movements) in the NHANES 2003–2004 survey3: — In the 2007 YRBS, 34.7% of students in grades 9 through 12 reported that they met current recommendations for activity. The proportion was higher in males (43.7%) than in females (25.6%).1 — The proportion of students meeting recommendations declined from 9th (38.1%) to 12th (29.5%) grades, and the proportion was again higher in males than in females.1 — Forty-two percent of 6- to 11-year-olds accumulated ⱖ60 minutes of MVPA (based on counts per minute ⬎2020 with an accelerometer) on 5 of 7 days per week, whereas only 8% of 12- to 15-year-olds and 7.6% of 16- to 19-year-olds met activity guidelines.3 — More boys than girls met recommendations as measured by accelerometry.3
More than one fourth of all adolescents in grades 9 through 12 reported spending ⱖ3 hours per day using computers
Abbreviations Used in Chapter 12 BMI
body mass index
BRFSS
Behavior Risk Factor Surveillance System
CDC
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
CHD
coronary heart disease
Correlates of Activity Behaviors
CI
confidence interval
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CVD
cardiovascular disease
DM
diabetes mellitus
HBP
high blood pressure
HD
heart disease
HDL
high-density lipoprotein
HF
heart failure
HR
hazard ratio
MEPS
Medical Expenditure Panel Survey
MI
myocardial infarction
MVPA
Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity
mm Hg
millimeters of mercury
mmol/L
millimoles per liter
NHANES
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
NHIS
National Health Interview Survey
PA
physical activity
RR
relative risk
WHO
World Health Organization
Organized Activities
YMCLS
Youth Media Campaign Longitudinal Study
YRBS
Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance
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Lower levels of parental education are associated with greater decline in PA for white girls at both younger and older ages. For black girls, this association is seen only at older ages.2 Cigarette smoking is associated with lower levels of PA among white girls.2 Pregnancy is associated with a lower level of PA among black girls but not among white girls.2 A higher BMI is associated with lower levels of PA.1 — Sixty percent of students reported engaging in PA to lose weight or keep from gaining weight in the 30 days before the 2007 YRBS. — Females were more likely to report exercising to avoid weight gain (67.0%) than were males (55%). — White (71.5%) and Hispanic (66.4%) females were more likely to report exercising for weight control than were black females (50.7%).
Physical education class participation declined from the 9th through the 12th grades among males and females.1
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