Preventive Medicine Section Topic and Recommended Intervention
Strength of Evidence
Promoting physical activity • Point-of-decision prompts to encourage use of stairs • Community-scale urban design and land use policies and practices • Street-scale urban design and land use policies and practices
• Strong • Sufficient • Sufficient
Promoting health through the social environment • Comprehensive, center-based early childhood development programs for low income families • Tenant-based rental housing assistance programs
• Strong • Sufficient
Reducing tobacco use and secondhand smoke exposure • Incentives and competitions to increase smoking cessation combined with additional interventions • Smoke-free policies to reduce tobacco use • Increasing the unit price of tobacco products to reduce initiation and promote cessation • Mass media campaigns when combined with other interventions to reduce initiation and promote cessation • Provider reminders with provider education /alone • Quitline interventions • Reducing out-of-pocket costs for evidence-based tobacco cessation treatments • Mobile phone-based interventions to promote cessation • Smoking bans and restrictions • Community mobilization with additional interventions to restrict minors’ access to tobacco products
• Strong • Sufficient • Strong • Strong • • • • • •
Strong/Sufficient Strong Strong Sufficient Strong Sufficient
• • • • • • • • • • • • • •
Strong Strong Strong Strong Strong Strong Strong Strong Strong Sufficient Strong Strong Strong Strong
• • • •
Strong Strong Strong Sufficient
Increasing appropriate vaccinations • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
Multiple interventions implemented in combination Provider reminders when used alone or as system Community-based interventions implemented in combination Home visits to increase vaccination rates Reducing client out-of-pocket costs Vaccination programs in schools and organized child care centers Vaccination programs in WIC settings Vaccination requirements for child care, school and college attendance Client reminder and recall systems Client or family incentive rewards Immunization information systems/registries Provider assessment and feedback Standing orders when used alone Healthcare system-based interventions implemented in combination
Violence prevention • • • •
Early childhood home visitation Group/individual cognitive-behavioral therapy School-based programs to prevent violence Therapeutic foster care for the reduction of violence by chronically delinquent adolescents
Worksite health promotion • Assessment of health risk with feedback plus health education with or without other interventions • Interventions with on-site free or reduced cost, actively promoted seasonal influenza vaccinations among healthcare and other workers www . DCMS online . org
• Strong • Strong/Sufficient
Northeast Florida Medicine Vol. 64, No. 2 2013 27