SARDAR PATEL : MAHATMA GANDHI EANV JAVAHARLAL NEHARU KE SATH SAMBANDHO KA VISHLESHANATMAK ADHYAYAN

Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies, Online ISSN 2278-8808, SJIF 2019 = 6.380, www.srjis.com PEER REVIEWED & REFEREED JOURNAL, SEPT-OCT, 2020, VOL- 8/61

ljnkj iVsy % egkRek xk¡/kh ,oa tokgjyky usg: ds lkFk laca/kksa dk fo’ys"k.kkRed v/;;u tud flag ehuk] Ph. D.

lgk;d izksQl s j] jktuhfr foKku foHkkx] t;ukjk;.k O;kl fo'ofo|ky;] tks/kiqj ¼jktLFkku½ Abstract

Lkjnkj oYyHkHkkbZ iVsy ds O;fDrRo ,oa fopkjksa ds vk/kkj ij fuf'pr :Ik ls dgk tk ldrk gS fd os ,d ljy LoHkko ds lqy>s gq, balku Fks tks lnSo nwljksa dh lsok ,oa enn djus dks vkrqj jgrs FksA meds vanj vgadkj ,oa ?ke.M ukeek= dks Hkh ugha FkkA os lnSo vkxs vkdj fuLokFkZHkko ls dke djus esa fo'okl djrs FksA gkykfd mu ij dqN fujk/kkj vkjksi yxk, tkrs jgs gSa ijUrq muesa ;FkkFkZrk de vkSj jktuhfr dk iqV vf/kd gSA vr% iVsy ds fopkj vkSj laca/k nksuksa gh e/kqj] etcwr ,oa vVy jgs gSaA pwafd iVsy esa jk’Vªh;rk dh Hkkouk dwV&dwV dj Hkjh gqbZ Fkh vr% os jk’Vª fgr ds eqÌksa dks cMh xEHkhjrk ls ysrs Fks vkSj R;kx ,oa lefiZrHkkouk ls vkxs c<rs FksA xk¡/khth ,oa usg: th ds lkFk muds laca/k O;fDrxr :Ik ls lkSgknzZiw.kZ jgs ijUrq iVsy us dHkh vU/kkuqdj.k ugha fd;kA os lnSo rdZ ,oa ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds vuqlkj gh fu.kZ; djrs FksA ljnkj iVsy us xk¡/khokn ls izHkkfor gksdj gh lkoZtfud thou esa izos'k fd;k FkkA os usg:th ,oa xk¡/khth dk cMk vknj ,oa lRdkj djrs Fks ijUrq fopkjksa esa eSrD;rk ds lkFk erHksn Hkh O;Dr djus esa ladksp ugha djrs Fks] blds mijkUr Hkh os euHksn dHkh ugha j[krs FksA Ekq[; 'kCn % LoHkko] jk’Vªh;rk] xk¡/khokn] vU/kkuqdj.k] ledkyhu ] euHksn] A Scholarly Research Journal's is licensed Based on a work at www.srjis.com

izLrkouk lkekftd foKku ds varxZr ,sfrgkfld v/;;u i)fr iwoZ esa ?kfVr ?kVukvks]a rF;ksa ,oa lwpukvksa dks Øec)rk ,oa rdZlaxrrk ds lkFk fl)kar fuekZ.k esa lgk;d gksrh gS] ftlls Hkfo";ok.kh djus esa enn feyrh gSA nwljh vksj v/;;u dh rqyukRed v/;;u i)fr ls oSKkfudrk vk/kkfjr rF;] lwpukvksa ds ek/;e ls uohu Kku dk lapkj gksrk gS vkSj fl)kar fuekZ.k dh fn'kk esa enn feyrh gSA mDr nksuksa v/;;u i)fr;k¡ ljnkj iVsy ds lanHkZ esa Hkh lVhd cSBrh gSaA izFker% ge ljnkj iVsy ds izkjfEHkd dky ;kuh cpiu] izkS<+] ;qokoLFkk rFkk o`)koLFkk rd ds thou] O;fDrRo] O;ogkj] dk;Z'kSyh] ledkyhu O;fDrRo] fe=] lgdehZ] dky ,oa ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds ek/;e ls ,sfrgkfld v/;;u Copyright © 2020, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

MkW- tud flag ehuk (Pg. 14193-14200)

14194

i)fr dk lgkjk ysdj muds laca/kksa dk fo'ys"k.k fd;k tk ldrk gSA f}rh; izdkj esa ge ljnkj iVsy ds fopkjks]a fo'ks"krkvks]a O;ogkj] fl)kar vkfn dk nwljs O;fDr;ksa ds lkFk rqyuk djds fo'ys"k.k dj ldrs gSa] vr% ;g rqyukRed v/;;u i)fr gSA loZizFke ge ;gk¡ ;g tkuus dk iz;kl djrs gSa fd ljnkj iVsy ds ledkyhu O;fDr dkSu jgs gSa \ ljnkj ds ledkyhuksa dh oSls rks ,d yEch lwph gS ;k ;ksa dgas fd muds ledkyhuksa dh lwph rS;kj djuk vklku ugha gS ijUrq ;gk¡ izeq[k ledkyhu O;fDr;ksa dk mYys[k fd;k tk jgk gS ftuesa gSa& ,e-,l- v.ks&dkaxsl z ds usrk] vuqxgz ukjk;.k flag&fcgkj ds HkwriwoZ foÙkea=h] 'ks[k eksgEen vCnqYyk&d”ehj ?kkVh ds usrk] jktdqekjh ve`rdkSj&usg: eaf=eaMy esa LokLF; ea=h] ,u-xksikyLokeh v¸;axj&usg: eaf=eaMy ds ea=h] ;koj tax vyh&futke ds 'kklu esa gSnjkckn ds ,d ea=h] lj DykWM vkfpu ysd&1941 esa Hkkjr ds iz/kku lsukifr] ekSykuk vcqy dyke vktkn&1939&46 dkaxsl z v/;{k] MkW - ch-vkjvEcsMdj&usg: eaf=eaMy esa fof/k ea=h] ,-oh- ,ysDtsUMj&dSfcusV fe”ku 1946 ds lnL;] ds-,e- dfjvIik&1949&53 Hkkjrh; lsuk ds iz/kku lsukifr] lj LVsQksMZ fØIl&dSfcusV fe”ku 1946 ds lnL;] vCnqy x¶Qkj [kku&lhekizkar ds xka/kh] fy;kdr vyh [kku&foHkktu ds ckn ikfdLrku ds iz/kkuea=h] bafnjk xka/kh&Hkkjr dh HkwriwoZ iz/kkuea=h] oh-oh- fxfj&Hkkjr ds iwoZ jk"Vªifr] t;izdk'k ukjk;.k&lektoknh ikVhZ ds laLFkkid] tkfdj gqlSu&f'k{kk”kkL=h ,oa Hkkjr ds iwoZ jk"Vªifr] ekSgEen vyh fték&foHkktu ds ckn ikfdLrku ds izFke xouZj tujy] iq:"kksÙkenkl VaMu&1950 esa dkaxsl z v/;{k] eksjkjth nslkbZ&dkaxsl z h usrk] xqytkjhyky uank&cEcbZ izkar ds ea=h¼1946&50½] ljkstuh uk;Mw&mÙkjizns'k dh HkwriwoZ jkT;iky] ds-lh- fu;ksxh&usg: ea=heaMy ds ea=h] tokgj yky usg:&Hkkjr ds izFke iz/kkuea=h] ef.kcgu iVsy&ljnkj iVsy dh iq=h] xksfoanoYyHk iar&mÙkj izns'k dkaxsl z usrk] lqHkk"kpanz cksl¼usrkth½&vktkn fgan ljdkj rFkk QkSt ds eqf[k;k] xksdqyHkkbZ Hkê&jktLFkku dkaxsl z h usrk] fouksck Hkkos&xka/khoknh usrk] ykWMZ ekmaVcsVu&Hkkjr ds ok;ljkW; rFkk xouZj tujy] th-oh- ekaoydj&dkaxsl z h usrk] ds-,eeqa'kh&usg: eaf=eaMy esa ea=h] ';kekizlkn eq[kthZ&fgUnq egklHkk ds usrk] oh-ds- d`".k esuu&usg: ds ?kfu"V fe=] oh-ih- esuu&ljnkj iVsy ds lfpo] MkW- jktsUnz izlkn&xka/kh] Copyright © 2020, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

MkW- tud flag ehuk (Pg. 14193-14200)

14195

usg: rFkk ljnkj ds ?kfu"V lg;ksxh] Hkkjrh; x.kra= ds izFke jk"Vªifr] ykycgknqj 'kkL=h&Hkkjr ds HkwriwoZ iz/kkuea=h] ghjkyky 'kkL=h&1949 esa jktLFkku ds eq[;ea=h vkfnA mijksä of.kZr lwph esa mYysf[kr O;fDr;ksa ds O;fDrRo] fparu] n'kZu] dk;ksaZ ,oa fopkj/kkjk ds vk/kkj ij v/;;u dh ,sfrgkfld ,oa rqyukRed v/;;u i)fr;ksa dk mi;ksx dj ljnkj iVsy ds laca/kksa dk fo”ys"k.k dj ldrs gSaA vc izeq[k rF;ks]a lwpukvksa ,oa fopkjksa ls muds chp ds laca/kksa dks js[kkafdr djus dk iz;kl fd;k gS] ftlesa ljnkj iVsy ds laca/kksa dks xka/kh ,oa usg: ds lkFk fo'ysf"kr dj jgs gSaA ljnkj iVsy vkSj egkRek xk¡/kh ds laca/k Hkkjr ds bfrgkl esa rhu O;fDr;ks& a egkRek xk¡/kh] oYyHkHkkbZ iVsy ,oa tokgjyky usg: dk ,slk lekos'k Fkk ftUgksua s jk"Vª fuekZ.k ds fy, lc dqN U;kSNkoj fd;kA ns'k ds rhuksa gh d.kZ/kkjksa us Hkkjr dh Lora=rk vkSj fQj mldk iqufuZekZ.k djus esa viuh egÙkh Hkwfedk fuoZgu dhA egkRek xk¡/kh dk n'kZu ekuork ds fy, ,slk ekxZ Fkk ftldk vuqlj.k dj dfBu ls dfBu dk;Z ljy :i esa ifj.kr gks tkrk gSA egkRek xk¡/kh ds O;fDrRo esa lQy jktuhfrd dyk ,oa usrR` o {kerk Fkh ftlus iwjs ns'k eas vfeV Nki NksM+hA oYyHkHkkbZ iVsy ds xk¡/kh ds lEidZ esa vkus vkSj muds n'kZu ls izHkkfor gksdj muds fl)krksa dks vius thou esa mrkjrs x,A xk¡/kh us lR;] vfgalk ds ekxZ ls ftl lR;kxzg dk iFk iz'kLr fd;k mldks O;ogkj esa ykus vkSj iwjs ns'k esa mlds vk/kkj ij turk dks ,drk dh Mksj esa cka/kus dk vlyh dk;Z ljnkj iVsy us gh fd;kA blesa dksbZ nksjk; ugha fd ljnkj iVsy vkSj egkRek xk¡/kh ds chp laca/k fudVLFk jgs ,slk muds ys[ku] fopkjks]a Hkk"k.kksa ,oa i= O;ogkjksa esa feyrk gSA iVsy Lo;a Hkh ekurs Fks] Þxk¡/khth ls feyus ls cgqr iwoZ esjh jktuhfr ds izfr :fp Fkh ij ml le; Hkkjr dk dksbZ jktuhfrd ny eq>s vkdf"kZr ugha dj ldkA gk¡] vkjkedqlhZ ij jktuhfr c?kkjus okys dbZ usrk ekStwn Fks vkSj caxky rFkk egkjk"Vª esa vjktdrk QSykus okys Hkh dkQh fØ;k”khy FksA rc xk¡/kh dk eap ij vkxeu gqvk vkSj muesa eq>s og usrk fn[kkbZ iM+k ftldk vuq;k;h cuk tk ldrk FkkAß1 iVsy vkSj xk¡/kh ds ckjs esa iV~VkfHk lhrkjeS;k us fy[kk gS&Þftl fnu ls oYyHkHkkbZ us xk¡/khoknh mikluk i)fr] ftanxh ds xk¡/khoknh Copyright © 2020, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

MkW- tud flag ehuk (Pg. 14193-14200)

14196

jhfr&fjokt vkSj xk¡/khth ds fl)kar viuk;s] rc ls ,d ,sls HkDr izekf.kr gq,] ftUgksua s dHkh xk¡/khth ds QSlys vkSj jk; esa lUnsg ugha fd;kAß2 ljnkj iVsy us egkRek xk¡/kh th dks Lohdkjk rks ;g lksp le>dj fd Lora=rk ikus ds fy, xk¡/khth ds ekxZn'kZu esa dke djuk mudk dÙkZO; gS D;ksafd 'kkafr vkSj vfgalk ds ekxZ ls LojkT; fl) djus dk jkeck.k mik; xk¡/khth gh tkurs gSaA Þ1918 ds ckn ls xk¡/khth ds izfr iw.kZ vkLFkk n”kkZrs gq, dgk fd eSaus vius Åij rkyk yxkdj pkch egkRek xk¡/kh dks lkSai nh gSA ;|fi vko”;d ugha fd gj ckr esa fopkj muls iwjh rjg feyrs gks]a ysfdu var esa mudk QSlyk eku ysrs FksA xk¡/khth dks Lohdkjk rks iwjk Lohdkjk] oksfVax ds le; ns[krs jgrs Fks fd xk¡/khth dk gkFk fd/kj mB jgk gSA xk¡/khth us ft/kj gkFk mBk;k] m/kj gh viuk gkFk mBkrsAß3 ,l-ds- ikfVy us xk¡/khth vkSj oYyHkHkkbZ ds ikjLifjd laca/kksa ds ckjs esa fy[kk gS] Þtc ls ljnkj us xk¡/khth dk usrR` o Lohdkj fd;k] rc ls os ges”kk xk¡/khth dh bPNk ds izeq[k izorZd jgsA ;g nksuksa leku O;fDr ,d fofp= ;qXe gSa& xk¡/khth vkSj ljnkj ftrus ,d&nwljs ls vfHké gSa] mrus gh ijLij ,d nwljs ds HkDrA lk/kkj.kr;k igyk O;fDr lksprk gS vkSj nwljk viuh viwoZ iz;kstukRed ,drk ds lkFk mls dk;kZfUor djrk gSAß4 egkRek xk¡/kh us iVsy ds tsy esa fcrk;s x;s fnuksa dks ;kn djrs gq, 8 ebZ] 1933 dks fy[kk Þesjs thou esa egkure lq[kksa esa ls ,d Fkk fd eq>s ljnkj ds lkFk tsy esa jgus dk volj izkIr gqvkA eSa muds vts; lkgl rFkk ns'k ds fy, vf}rh; izes ds ckjs esa tkurk Fkk] ysfdu muds lkFk 16 eghus dk yack le; fcrkus dk lkSHkkX; igys dHkh eq>s izkIr ugha gqvk FkkA muds vuqjkx vkSj izes ls eSa bruk vfHkHkwr gks x;k fd eq>s viuh fiz; ek¡ dk Lej.k gks vk;kA eSaus dHkh dYiuk Hkh ugha dh Fkh fd muesa ekr`or~ Lusg tSls xq.k ekStwn gSaAß5 blesa iVsy vkSj xk¡/kh ds vkReh; laca/k] fo”okl] lEeku Li"V >ydrk gSA ljnkj iVsy ekuorkoknh Fks ysfdu ,d lhek rd] ;fn ns'k dh v[k.Mrk dks dksbZ O;fDr gkfu ig¡qpk;s ;k fdlh O;fDr ls fdlh leqnk; dks gkfu gksrh gks rks ljnkj ,d lhek ds ckn ml O;fDr ls n`<+rk ls is'k vkrs FksA ,slk Hkh ugha gS fd ljnkj iVsy vk¡[ks ewna dj fcuk lksp fopkj fd, gq, xk¡/khth dh lHkh ckrksa ij lgefr O;Dr djrs Copyright © 2020, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

MkW- tud flag ehuk (Pg. 14193-14200)

14197

FksA 1940 ds vklikl iVsy vkSj xk¡/kh ds chp dqN erHksn Hkh ns[kus dks feys& f}rh; fo'o;q) esa fczfV'k 'kklu Hkkjrh; tulg;ksx pkgrk Fkk vkSj xk¡/khth blds i{k esa Fks ijUrq ljnkj iVsy blds fojks/k esa Fks vkSj mUgksua s xk¡/khth dks fy[kk&ÞeSa vkidh vkKk ;k lwpuk ds vuqlkj pyus dks rS;kj gw¡ ijUrq vki ;g dgsa fd bl fo"k; esa eq>s viuh ekU;rk ds vuqlkj vkpj.k djuk pkfg, rks eSa ;g ekurk gw¡ fd ;q) iwjk gksus ds ckn Hkkjr dks iw.kZ Lora=rk nsus dh 'krZ ij vaxst z ljdkj dh lgk;rk djus esa esjs fdlh ozr dk Hkax ugha gksrkAß6 nwljk mnkgj.k d”ehj ij ikfdLrku ds vkØe.k ds ckn Hkkjr ljdkj }kjk ikfdLrku dks 55 djksM+ :i;s dh jde ij xk¡/khth vkSj iVsy ds chp erHksn Fks ftls 15 Qjojh 1948 dks ljnkj us dgk fd& ÞeSaus bl ckr ij cy fn;k fd ikfdLrku ds lkFk lkjs le>kSrs ,d lkFk r; djds lHkh ekeys lqy>k;s tk;sAa eSa bl ckr ij dHkh lger ugha gks ldrk Fkk] fd ykHk lc mudks feysa fdUrq ?kkVk gekjs flj yknk tk;sA iVsy dk vf/kd fojks/k bl dkj.k Hkh Fkk fd ikfdLrku bl :i;s dk iz;ksx Hkkjr ds fo:) d”ehj esa djsxk ysfdu xk¡/khth us mlds fo:) lR;kxzg dj fn;k ftlds ifj.kkeLo:i ns”k esa xEHkhjrk iSnk gks x;h] vr% ljdkj us og :i;k nsus dk fu.kZ; fd;kA ljnkj us fny ls dHkh bl dk;Z dh lgefr ugha nhAß7 23 uoacj 1921 dks x`g foHkkx ¼fo”ks"k½ ,Q la[;k 554@1921&22 cacbZ iqjkru ls izkar tkudkjh ds vk/kkj ij ljnkj iVsy us xk¡/khth ds lR;kxzg LFkfxr djus ds dne dk fojks/k tks bl izdkj gS& xk¡/khth us izLrko fd;k fd lfou; voKk LFkfxr fd;k tkuk pkfg,A oYyHkHkkbZ iVsy] ,u-lh- dsydj] dksM a k osadVkiS;k vkSj oh- ts-iVsy LFkxu ds fo:) Fks vkSj mudk dguk Fkk fd xk¡/khth dks dk;Z lfefr dh lykg fy;s fcuk lfou; voKk dks LFkfxr djus dh ?kks"k.kk lekpkj i=ksa }kjk djus dk vf/kdkj ugha FkkA-----8 19 tqykbZ 1940 dks xqtjkr izkarh; lfefr ds le{k vfgalk ds iz”u ij iVsy us viuh eu fLFkfr dk o.kZu djrs gq, dgk Fkk]&Þ ekStwnk ifjfLFkfr esa vfgalk dk lEiw.kZ iz;ksx djuk dkaxsl z ds fy, laHko ughaA gekjh 'kfDr ds vankt ds ckjs esa xka/khth vkSj gekjs chp erHksn gSaA lekt ij vR;kpkj djus okyksa ds lkFk vko”;d fgalk dk Copyright © 2020, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

MkW- tud flag ehuk (Pg. 14193-14200)

14198

bLrseky fd, fcuk dke py ldrk esjh cqf) ds ckgj gSA oYyHkHkkbZ iVsy dh xk¡/khth ds izfr okLrfod J)k Fkh ysfdu ;g mlh izdkj Fkh ftl izdkj ,d O;kogkfjd vkSj ;FkkFkZoknh euq"; dh ,d vkn'kZoknh ds izfr gksrh gSA ge dg ldrs gSa fd xk¡/kh vkSj iVsy ds laca/k xq:&f'k"; dh rjg vo”; Fks ijUrq vU/kkuqdj.k izo`fÙk ugha FkhA iVsy us xka/khth ds lR;] vfgalk lR;kxzg esa iw.kZ fo”okl fd;k ysfdu xka/kh egkRek Fks vkSj iVsy Hkkjr ds ljnkj vr% tgk¡ rd laHko gksrk iVsy egkRekth ds fl)karksa dk ikyu djrs vU;Fkk Lo;a fu.kZ; ysrs vkSj dgrs fd xk¡/khth iw.kZr;k fl)karoku gSa vkSj mlh ds vuqlkj os O;ogkj djrs FksA vr% lkj :i esa dgk tk ldrk gS fd xk¡/khth vkSj iVs y ds chp erHksn gks ldrs gSa ijUrq dHkh euHksn ugha jgsA oYyHkHkkbZ iVsy vkSj tokgjyky usg: ds chp laca/k ljnkj iVsy vkSj usg: dh izd`fr esa vlekurk Fkh] ,d vksj iVsy ,d lk/kkj.k fdlku ifjokj ls xzkeh.k ifjos'k esa iys cMs gq,] ogha usg: dks ikfjokfjd fojklr dk /kuh dgk tk ldrk gSA O;fDr viuh izd`fr dk vuqlj.k djds gh dk;Z dj ldrk gSA ,slk izrhr gksrk gS iVsy vkSj usg: nksuksa ds fy, ekxZn'khZ egkRek xk¡/kh gh Fks vkSj tks dqN lkeatL; ;k oSpkfjdrk dk vknku&iznku jgrk mlesa mudh egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk jgrh Fkh] D;ksfa d egkRek xk¡/kh le; dh utkdr dks igys gh Hkkai ysrs FksA ljnkj iVsy Hkh ,slk dksbZ dk;Z ugha djrs Fks ftlls xk¡/khth dks Bsl igq¡ps ijUrq tc ekeyk jk"Vªfgr dk gksrk ;k Hkfo"; dh laHkkoukvksa dks ns[krs gq, er fHké gksrk rks os xk¡/khth dks blls lpsr djrs Fks vkSj vko”;drk gksus ij fojks/k Hkh trkrs FksA iVsy vkSj usg: nksuksa dks gh vk/kqfud Hkkjr dk fuekZrk ekuk tkrk gS vkSj nksukas esa vusd lekurkvksa ds gksrs gq, Hkh oSpkfjd fHkérk FkhA nksuksa esa gh jk"Vª HkfDr] usr`Ro {kerk] vkn'kksaZ ds izfr vkLFkk FkhA MkWch-ds- dsldj us dgk Fkk&Þusg: vkSj iVsy nks fojks/kh rRoksa dk ,d ,slk feJ.k Fks] tks ,d&nwljs ds iwjd FksAß9 usg: dh fopkj/kkjk lkE;okn ls izHkkfor Fkh tcfd iVsy us fdlh Hkh fopkj/kkjk dks vius ij gkoh ugha gksus fn;kA bu foijhr LoHkkoksa ls tqM+h nksuksa /kqfj;ksa dks egkRek xk¡/kh us ,d lkFk cka/ks j[kus dk dk;Z fd;k FkkA gkykfd ljnkj iVsy vkSj usg: nksuksa dk liuk ,d etcwr Hkkjr dk fuekZ.k djuk Fkk ijUrq iVsy okLrfod Copyright © 2020, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

MkW- tud flag ehuk (Pg. 14193-14200)

14199

,oa O;ogkfjd n`f"Vdks.k ls leL;k ij fopkj djrs Fks vkSj izR;sd leL;k ds Hkfo"; ds ifj.kkeksa dk vanktk yxk ysrs FksA mnkgj.k ds rkSj ij twukx<+ vkSj gSnjkckn ds ekeys esa iVsy us usg: dh bPNk ds fo:) tkdj dk;Zokgh dh vkSj Hkkjr esa feyk fy;kA d”ehj ds ekeys esa usg: us viuh vUrjkZ"Vªh; uhfr ds dkj.k fcuk iVsy ls fopkj foe'kZ fd, leL;k dks la;qä jk"Vª la?k esa ys x, ftlds iVsy l[r fojks/kh jgs vkSj leL;k vkt rd cuh gqbZ gSA blh izdkj phu dh fe=rk ij Hkh iVsy us dHkh fo'okl ugha fd;k cfYd laHkkfor [krjksa dh vksj igys gh bZ'kkjk dj fn;k FkkA usg: us 1 vxLr 1947 dks ljnkj iVsy dks ,d i= fy[kk ftlesa mUgksua s fy[kk fd eSa vkidks eaf=eaMy esa lfEefyr gksus dk fuea=.k nsus ds fy, fy[k jgk gw¡A bl i= dk dksbZ egÙo ugha gS] D;ksfa d vki rks eaf=eaMy ds lqn`<+ LrEHk gSaA blh ds mÙkj esa iVsy us usg: dks fy[kk fd ,d vxLr ds i= ds fy, /kU;oknA ,d&nwljs ds izfr gekjk tks vuqjkx o izes jgk gS rFkk 30 o"kZ dh gekjh tks v[kaM fe=rk gS] mls ns[krs gq, vkSipkfjdrk ds fy, dksbZ LFkku ugha jg tkrkA vk”kk gS fd esjh lsok,a ckdh ds thou ds fy, vkids v/khu jgsx a hA vkidks bl /;s; dh flf) ds fy, esjh laiw.kZ oQknkjh vkSj fu"Bk izkIr gksxh] ftlds fy, vkids tSlk R;kx vkSj cfynku Hkkjr ds vU; fdlh us ugha fd;k gSA vkius vius i= esa esjs fy, tks Hkkouk,a O;Dr dh gSa] mlds fy, esa vkidk d`rK gw¡A ljnkj iVsy opu ds iDds rFkk lg;ksx ls dke djus okys O;fDr Fks tcfd tokgjyky usg: egRokdka{kh vf/kd Fks ysfdu egRokdka{kh gksrs gq, Hkh iVsy dh ;ksX;rk ij iw.kZ fo”oklh FksA xk¡/khth dh e`R;q mijkar 3 Qjojh 1948 dks ia- usg: us iVsy dks fy[kk&Þckiw dh vfUre vfHkyk"kk ;g Fkh ge nksuksa us vc rd ftl rjg dU/ks ls dU/kk feykdj dke fd;k gS] mlh rjg vkxs Hkh djrs jgsAa gekjs erHksnksa esa ls Hkh gekjs chp egRo ds fo"k;ksa esa tks erSD; gS] og Li"V :i ls lkeus vk pqdk gS vkSj mlh esa ls ,d nwljs ds izfr gekjk vknj Hkko Hkh izdV gqvk gSAß10 fu"d"kZ lkj :i ls dgk tk ldrk gS fd iVsy vkSj usg: ds chp laca/k fefJr jgs ijUrq muds fopkjksa esa ,drk] lkSgknZ ds lkFk erHksn Hkh FksA iVsy us dHkh erHksnksa dks Nqik;k Copyright © 2020, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

MkW- tud flag ehuk (Pg. 14193-14200)

14200

ugha vfirq [kqydj usg:th ds lkeus j[kk vkSj u gh dHkh eueqVko j[kk D;ksfa d muds eu esa fdlh izdkj dk nqjko ;k oSeuL; ugha jgkA blls Li"V gS fd nksuksa ds laca/k eS=hiw.kZ jgs vkSj erHksn rks jgs ijUrq dHkh euHksn ugha gksus fn,A lanHkZ lwph

'kjn flag] ljnkj oYyHkHkkbZ iVsy] lkef;d izdk“ku] ubZ fnYyh] 2016] i`-189&190 iV~Vkfe lhrkjeS¸;k] lpeqp ,d ljnkj] iVsy vfHkuanu xzUFk] i` 9 lk{kkRdkj ekuuh; eksjkjth nslkbZ HkwriwoZ iz/kkuea=h] cEcbZ] 12 vxLr 1985 iwoksDZ r] 'kjn flag] i`-190 ih-,u-pkSiM+k] o izHkk pkSiM+k¼la½] ljnkj iVsy] xk¡/kh] usg: ,oa lqHkk"k] izHkkr izdk“ku] fnYyh 206 i`-131 johUnz dqekj] ljnkj oYyHkHkkbZ iVsy ds lkekftd o jktuhfrd fopkj] feÙky ifCyds'kal] ubZ fnYyh] 1991] i`-169 mijksDr] i` 169 iwoksDZ r] ih-,u- pkSiM+k o izHkk pkSiM+k] i`-155 iwoksDZ r] 'kjn flag] i`-202 iwoksDZ r] johUnz dqekj] i`- 173

Copyright © 2020, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies