24 Dr. Michelle Arnold Weak Calf Syndrome-Not Just a Cold Weather Concern
26 Chris Teutsch Hay Quality in the Commonwealth
50 Les Anderson The Real Cost of Limiting Nutrients
FEATURE STORIES
8 KCA Welcomes Fall Intern
16 Firefighters Form Specialized Team, Acquire State-of-the-Art Grain Bin Rescue Equipment
18 Kentucky Beef Council Leadership Participates in Checkoff Orientation
20 Obituary: Bowen Givens McKinney
22 KCA Convention 2026
30 Leadership Class Goes to Washington
34 Kentucky Cattlemen's Foundation Launches Statewide Campaign to Invest in the Future of Kentucky's Cattle Industry 12 County News
Membership
ON THE COVER: Colton & Conley Simpson of Madison County photo provided by Andrew Simpson
What is a bull worth? While the standard canned answer is always, “Well, a bull is half your calves,” I hate that response. A bull’s value lies in the value you place on your cow herd and the management practices you employ. I am not talking about the monetary value to you. The monetary value of a bull I sold in our fall sale was $100 more than the other guy was willing to spend on that given bull on that given day. Bulls I sell privately, we attempt to establish a similar equilibrium when there is no contending bidder. The value of the bull is the value he brings you. That isn’t necessarily the price.
The more best management practices you implement, the more a bull is worth to your operation. If you are calving 365 and not retaining heifers, you need a cow freshener that won’t kill cows with a birthweight or kill you when handling them. The vast amount of inefficiencies in your herd makes a good bull “worth” little more than pound price plus a semen check to you. Now, if that is your level of management, you may want a better bull and actually invest in one, but he won’t make you any more money. Every concept in the following words is null if you are not in a structured calving season. Much like how genetics are expressed in the environment they are given, the profitability of the genetics is expressed based on the level of management of your cow herd. Whether you are calving in a tight calving season, backgrounding your calves, retaining heifers, retaining ownership, or direct marketing all impact the potential profitability of your bull. Do you engage in rotational grazing, have a good mineral program, consult with your vet on herd health protocol, and talk to a nutritionist about your winter feeding strategy? All of those impact how profitable you will be.
I do want to bore you with a couple of quick illustrations. A bull will give you 100 calves in a lifetime (4 years x 25 calves) in a single season herd, and 200 if you run fall and spring both. What is the impact of a bull if you are retaining 10 daughters each year? The bull gives you 40 daughters. It is not a stretch to say one bred heifer is worth $100 more than the next. Heifer sales across the state will surely show that leading into spring calving. Just on the value of the bred
heifer, one bull can easily be worth $4,000 more than the next if you are using him right. Accounting for those that fall out of the herd early, a bred heifer would average 5 calves in her lifetime. That is 200 calves out of daughters by your bull. We offer many bulls in a year that are $50 more profitable per calf than the average Angus bull based on economic selection indexes. That is $10,000. Double those two examples if you run both fall and spring. Keep in mind that those examples illustrate the difference in the value of bull A versus bull B and not the price for the bull. A bull is an investment whose rate of return depends on how you use him. That is my one-sentence answer, which I think is much better than the standard “Well, a bull is half your calves.”
Joe K. Lowe II
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE
OFFICERS:
President
RANDY WARNER Sharpsburg
President Elect
ALLAN BRYANT Eminence
Vice President
DANIEL HAYDEN Whitesville
Treasurer
KEN ADAMS Upton
Past President
JEFF PETTIT Sebree
KCA Program Chairman
ADAM CHUNGLO Harrodsburg
KBC Chairman
RYAN MILLER Campbellsville
KBN Chairman*
ALLAN BRYANT
Beef Solutions Chairman*
DANIEL HAYDEN *ex officio
REGIONAL DIRECTORS:
REGION 1
Wayne Zoglmann, John Mark Brown, Dale Gold, Greg Roberson, Gary Woodall, Coleman Ladd, Susan Zoglmann, Bill Plemmons, Kenton Howard, Steve Dunning, Conner Williams
REGION 2
Phyllis Gentry, Joe Lowe, Allison Nissley, Rayetta Boone, Robbie Hatfield, Chris Imbruglio, Maggie Webb, Andy Joe Moore, Adam Thomas, AJ Mitchell, Isaac Thompson, Kenneth Green, Trent Jones, Josh Morris, Joe Mike Moore, Amy Cecil
REGION 3
Amanda Hall, Nathan Lawson, Allen Phillips, Irvin Kupper, John David Yount, Lincoln Clifford, Abbey Biddle, Ben Tinsley, Crystal Harrod, Kyle Bush, Michelle Simon, Craig Retzlaff
REGION 4
Amy White, Brad Reynolds, Chad Anglin, Phillip Stamm, Danielle Harmon, Brandy Graves, Jodi Purvis, Mike Ravencraft, Ronnie Lowe, Logan Carter, Jason Crowe, Rob Amburgey
REGION 5
Phillip Reese, John Settles, Natalie Wesley, Doris Hamilton, Freddy Harris, Brent Williams, Anne Bays, Tommy Glasscock, Josh Wethington, Arch Sebastian, Terry Mattingly Executive Committee members in
KCA PAST PRESIDENTS:
Rachel
Danny
Jake
Dan
Debby
President's Thoughts
Randy Warner KCA President
Well, it’s December. This year is coming to an end, and I hope everyone is happy, healthy and ready for Christmas. You know when this past January rolled around, we had no idea how things would play out in the year to come. I’ll have to say it wasn’t half bad. We have enjoyed some of the highest calf prices in history, which I’m hopeful will last a few more years. But with that, we have also the lowest cow numbers in 60 years.
In this column, I want to reflect on this past year’s happenings as president of this organization. It has certainly kept me hopping as we started out at the NCBA convention where I had the honor of meeting our fellow cattlemen and learned quite a lot about how other producers run their operations. They run them quite a bit differently than I do. I took everything I heard to heart and am implementing some things I learned and heard there back home on the farm.
Next, Tammy and I had the honor of going on the Kentucky Farm Bureau Beef Tour, which was in Louisiana this year. That was an eye-opening experience to say the least as they handle their herds very differently than we do in Kentucky. I also was able to see how the sugar cane growers and crawfish farmers deal with invasive pests that people would have no idea about in our part of the country. It was a trip that will forever be in my mind, and I thank them for the opportunity to accompany them on the trip.
Next, I attended our Legislative Fly-In to Washington, D.C. to meet with our representatives and senators. I was able to speak with them about issues facing all cattle producers, not only in Kentucky, but also in the entire United States. I found all of them to be very interested in listening to whatever problems we needed addressed. One thing I failed to mention is that while I was traveling everywhere
things on the farm didn’t wait for me, and I could travel with the confidence that things would be taken care of at home with Noah, Audra and Tammy taking over for me. I’ll have to say they didn’t miss a beat because they handled everything perfectly. P.S. except for while I was in Washington, the cows broke through the fence and ended up a half mile from home. Audra walked them back in after two unsuccessful tries in 80-degree heat and nothing to drink. That, I’ve not heard the end of yet.
Next, was my trip to San Diego and the NBCA Summer Business Conference. We as a group had the opportunity to interact with other cattlemen and help set the policy and priorities for the whole organization to vote on in February at the national convention. It was a wonderful trip, and I met some amazing likeminded producers who have nothing but our best interests in mind.
Next, I had the honor of representing our Kentucky cattlemen on the U.S. Meat Export Federation trade trip to South Korea. You read about the trip in last month’s issue of Cow Country News, so I won’t elaborate too much about it now. I will say it was a oncein-a-lifetime opportunity, and I’m very grateful for everyone that made that possible. I’ll take those memories with me for the rest of my life.
During this past year, I’ve also attended numerous county meetings. Each one is different in their respective agendas, but all have same goal at the end of the day and that is to make each of us as profitable as possible. I want to personally thank each and every county that gave me the opportunity to speak as well as listen to everyone’s concerns and opinions.
As for how things are on the farm, we got all the calves weaned and will hopefully sell them this month. It is such a joy to see a year’s worth of blood, sweat and sometimes tears come to fruition, and boy, do I enjoy it!
This year probably means more than in years past as I’m slowly, and I do mean slowly, allowing some of the decisions on the way things are done on the farm to be made by someone other than myself. It has been a hard pill to swallow but one that I must come to the understanding is inevitable. Although it’s coming to everyone, I never dreamt it would be this hard. But things have worked out for the better, and I’m happy about that. Also, on the things that Noah tore up this month, I’m very happy to announce although it took him a whole year not to tear anything up, he did it this month. On a side note, he probably didn’t tear anything up because him and Audra found out they are expecting a little one, which is due in May. Now that means he is going to want more cows, but I don’t know about that. Tammy and I need something to buy for the baby. Congratulations to them both, and I can’t wait for the baby to get here.
With that, I want to end this month’s column by thanking each and every one in our state association for your support this past year. It has meant the world to me. Merry Christmas and God Bless.
Kentucky Cattlemen’s Association President
Commissioner's Corner
Jonathan Shell Agriculture Commissioner
The holidays in Kentucky are all about coming together around the family dinner table, by the Christmas tree and in the spirit of giving. This year, our Kentucky Proud holiday advertising campaign celebrates the many ways Kentuckians make the season special, with a fresh new look that highlights the people, products and traditions that make the Bluegrass shine.
Every family celebrates the season a little differently. Some hold tightly to beloved recipes and heirloom decorations, while others mix in new traditions or add a creative twist. That’s why our campaign was built around three familiar archetypes we all recognize: the keeper, the balancer and the trendsetter.
For the keeper, the holiday table tells their story. It’s filled with the foods and traditions that have been passed down for generations. Kentucky Proud helps them keep those stories alive with high-quality ingredients and handcrafted products made with the same pride and care they put into every dish and every gift they give.
For the balancer, the holidays are about honoring old traditions while embracing the new stages of life that come with growing families and changing routines. Our campaign captures that spirit, showing how Kentucky Proud products bring together both the comfort of the familiar and the excitement of something new, whether that’s a fresh spin on a classic recipe or a thoughtful gift from a local maker. And for the trendsetter, the holidays are an opportunity to contribute something bold, to discover what’s next, and to put their own creative touch on the season. Kentucky Proud helps them do just that from modern farm-to-table ingredients to stylish, locally made gifts that stand out and spark conversation.
Throughout December, Kentuckians will see our refreshed advertisements across the state, featuring real Kentucky Proud products that are perfect for the holiday table and for gifting. A new interactive landing page will help shoppers find everything from Christmas trees and wreaths to winter agritourism experiences, farm-fresh foods, desserts and unique Kentucky-made gifts.
We’ve also partnered with businesses statewide to encourage shopping local this season. When you choose Kentucky Proud, you’re not just choosing quality; you’re supporting our farm families, small businesses and local communities. No matter which kind of holiday host or gift-giver you are – a keeper, a balancer or a trendsetter – there’s a Kentucky Proud way to make your celebrations meaningful. This season, let’s share the pride of Kentucky agriculture around our tables, under our trees and in every thoughtful gift we give.
KCA Welcomes Fall Intern
Allison Easley is currently serving as one of the fall membership interns for the Kentucky Cattlemen's Association. She graduated from Bourbon County High School in Paris. Allison has been actively involved in the agricultural industry through her family's farm operation, raising cow-calf pairs and feeders. She has also gained valuable experience working alongside a veterinarian, further deepening her knowledge of the cattle industry.
During high school, Allison held numerous leadership roles, including FFA chaplain, secretary of the National Honor Society, and Beta Club secretary. She is eager to continue developing her leadership skills and take on new leadership opportunities throughout her college career.
Currently, Allison is a freshman at the University of Kentucky, majoring in law and justice with a concentration in agriculture. She aspires to become an agricultural attorney to advocate for farmers and support the agricultural community through legal expertise. Given her plans to specialize in agricultural law, understanding Kentucky's cattle production industry is essential to her career goals. Allison believes this internship with the Kentucky Cattlemen's Association will allow her to contribute to the future of the cattle industry by representing and supporting farmers across the state.
HappyHolidays
From all of the livestock auction and dealer members of the Kentucky Livestock Marketing Association, we wish you a Merry Christmas. We appreciate the support of our customers in trusting the auction method to market their livestock and look forward to working with you in the new year.
Thoughts From Dave
Dave Maples Executive Vice President
I had just made the comment to someone that it has been a good time to work for a cattlemen’s association. Cattle prices were at an all-time high, and to be honest, we went through the summer with very few calls. Basically, everyone was happy. Then, President Trump announced that the U.S. would be importing more beef from Argentina as a way to lower the cost of beef for consumers. That set off a fire storm of calls, social media posts and press calls because Argentina has not been a good trade partner with us. And then we get a tweet from President Trump calling for the Department of Justice to investigate the meat packing companies for raising beef prices through illicit collusions, price fixing and price manipulation. These tweets caused the futures market to take a big hit. The cash market also took a hit, but not as bad.
We must all remember that each part of the supply chain needs each other for the industry to be successful. Cowcalf producers and stocker/feedlot owners have to have packers. Packers need the retail outlets (Kroger’s, Walmart’s etc.), and food service operators (McDonalds’, Steak and Shake etc.), and these companies have to have a consumer.
Beef demand has been wonderful. Consumers have spent 12.5% more at the retail stores this year than last year. That is $43.7 billion dollars compared to $38.8 billion during the same time period last year. And during the pounds of beef purchased at the retail stores is up 5.6% to 6.2 billion pounds compared to 5.9 billion pounds bought last year.
I have been a part of the beef industry my entire life. I have watched my dad and granddad as happy as anyone could be when their cattle sold really well and they had a little money in their pockets. And I have seen my dad literally pacing the hall of our house during the middle of the night
wondering how he was going to make his bank payment. The worst one was when the government decided to do the dairy buyout and flooded the market. The market dropped like a ton of bricks. Just think about having cattle to sell when that happened. I know.
If you need to call and talk, I am willing to listen because I have been through the market ups and downs. I own cattle today because I love being in the business and I want my children to know the business. I also own cattle because it helps me better understand the concerns of the producers that I serve.
One of my favorite livestock economists is Darrell Peel at Oklahoma State University. He keeps reiterating that the majority of cattle producers, understand that “the cattle and beef industry is extremely complex and all segments of the industry are critical and essential.”
Proposals to bulldoze the packing industry will negatively impact cattle producers and beef consumers and cripple the cattle and beef industry for many years.
But when it comes to political actions and the uncertainty as Dr. Peel says the “expectations for price and production going forward are now completely clouded… therefore… all bets are off.”
JKGF F109 Homo Black Homo Polled PB 93.75% GV Donor Dam of JKGF All American J109
Selling sons, daughters, fall ET calves and frozen embryos out of JKGF J109. 4 full ET sisters to All American J109 sell.
JKGF F824 Homo Black Homo Polled PB 93.75% GV Donor Dam of JKGF Pay UP K824 - syndicated AI sire. She was High selling lot in the 2025 National Gelbvieh and Balancer Sale. Selling fronzen embryos and ET pregnancies.
JKGF Pay Up K824 Homo Black Homo Polled PB Gelbvieh Syndicated AI sire that sold in 2025 National Gelbvieh and Balancer Sale.
Selling sons, daughters, ET pregnancies and frozen embryos.
DBRG Bold Ruler 3194L Homo Black Homo Polled PB Gelbvieh High selling AI sire in the 2024 Rippe Gelbvieh bull sale. Selling sons, daughters, ET pregnancies and frozen embryos. First Bold Ruler progeny to sell.
JKGF All American J109 Homo Black Homo Polled PB Gelbvieh Selling sons, daughters, full ET sisters and frozen embryos out of his dam, JKGF J109.
JKGF 417 Justice F819
Homo Black Homo Polled 75% Balancer Selling daughters due to calve in spring of 2026
submitted by Austin York
Allen County Cattlemen hosted an on-the-farm meeting Oct. 16 at the farm of Jr. Young, the association’s president. Producers were invited to see chute-side demonstration and BQCA certification training by county extension agent Colby Dye. As a result, 37 people became or renewed their BQCA certification.
Dinner was served after the demonstration to 60 people in attendance. We had 10 new members and three new junior memberships sponsored to youth.
Local business Nik-A-Da Farm Supply sponsored the meal and gave several door prizes.
CASEY COUNTY NEWS
submitted by Phillip Reese
Casey County Schools celebrated October being National Farm to School Month by featuring local beef on their school menus. All students in the school district were served locally sourced beef in taco salads and meatloaf on two separate days in October and November.
Lindsay Keen, the school system’s food service director contacted the Casey County Cattlemen’s Association to source the beef for the project. The Casey County Cattlemen’s Association was able to locate and secure highquality beef from Watts Family Farm. Watts Family Farm is a commercial cow-calf operation located in the county’s Grove Ridge community. Sadie (6th grade) and Lane (4th grade) Watts are students in Casey County Schools and represent the sixth generation on the family farm. The beef was processed through Central Kentucky Custom Meats Inc., a USDA-inspected facility.
Keen said the month was a great opportunity for her to combine education and agriculture – two things she deeply values thanks to her late father Jay Price, who was a Casey County producer and agriculture teacher. He is also a member of the Kentucky Cattlemen Association’s Hall of Fame.
“Farming and cattle have always been an important part of my life,” she said. “My father instilled in me both a love for learning and an appreciation for the vital role agriculture plays in our community. By connecting these passions, I hope to provide our students with high-quality, nutritious meals while supporting the local farmers and family who help make them possible.”
BARREN COUNTY NEWS
submitted by Carol Spiegl
The Barren County Cattlemen's Association October meeting was sponsored by B & B Fencing and Burkmann Feeds. We are thankful to these sponsors for the delicious ribeye sandwich meal and for the door prizes. Burkmann Feeds announced their Animal Health Day and special pricing. Dr. Harold Newcomb spoke to the
membership about maximizing profitability and efficiency of cowcalf production. Stan Buchanan of B&B Fencing says anyone with fencing needs to give him a call! Pictured left are Anthony Stevenson, Dr. Harold Newcomb, Russell Hernandez, Stan Buchanan, John Reed and Tim Shirley.
submitted by Samantha Saunders
MOUNT OLIVET, KY — Local cattle producers gathered at the Robertson County School on Monday evening, Nov. 3, for the Robertson County Cattlemen’s Association Annual Meeting, an event that brought together farmers, youth and agricultural professionals to discuss the current and future state of the cattle market.
Hosted by the Robertson County Cattlemen’s Association and the Robertson County Extension office, the meeting featured a presentation titled, “Cattle Market Drivers and Expectations,” offering insights into pricing trends, consumer demand and economic forecasts affecting the beef industry. Attendees also had the opportunity to renew their membership or join the association, reinforcing community ties and shared goals among producers.
Samantha Saunders, Robertson
County extension agent for agriculture and natural resources/4-H youth development, helped facilitate the event and emphasized the importance of staying informed in a rapidly changing agricultural landscape.
“Meetings like this help our producers make better decisions and stay connected to resources that support their operations,” Saunders said.
The evening concluded with the presentation of the 2025 Farmer of the Year. This year’s recipient was Greg Rose. Rose is a longstanding cattle farmer in the county and also works at Paris Stockyards.
For more information on upcoming agricultural events or questions regarding the Robertson County Cattlemen’s Association, contact the Robertson County Extension office or visit robertson.mgcafe.uky.edu.
TWIN LAKES NEWS
submitted by Steve Peddicord
The Twin Lakes Cattleman’s Association held their final quarterly meeting for 2025 at the Clinton County Extension office in Albany.
A good crowd of about 60 members and guests attended the meeting sponsored by White Oil and Warner Fertilizer of Albany. The evening meal of spaghetti and meatballs was provided by The Italian Bistro of Burkesville.
Jeff Lehmkuhler, University of Kentucky beef specialist, opened the meeting by discussing hay quality and feed supplementation for beef cattle. One of the important points he stressed to the group was the need for proper body condition in cows at rebreeding time. Delayed breeding due to unacceptable body conditions can be very costly to the cow-calf producer. Because we are fortunate to have low feed prices currently, supplementation for cows that need it can be done at efficient levels that will increase their value.
During the business session, President Ray Marcum updated the membership on group mineral orders, local charity activities TLCA supported, and an update on the CAIP program, which is sponsored by the cattlemen’s association.
December 3 @ 6:00 PM
December 5 @ 7:00 PM
Hereford Association Autumn Sale
December 6 @ Noon
County Calf Pool
December 8
Feeder Calf Sale
December 9 KY Certified Hereford Influence Sale
December 11 @ 6:00 PM
Horse & Pony Sale
December 12 @ 5:00 PM
December 12 @ 6:00 PM
December 19 @ 6:30 PM
December 5 @ 7:00
Firefighters Form Specialized Team, Acquire State-of-the-Art Grain Bin Rescue Equipment
Chris Cooper News-Democrat & Leader
RUSSELLVILLE, KY - Logan County is now home to the first fire serviceowned, portable grain bin rescue vacuum in Kentucky, a piece of equipment acquired in the wake of a grain bin accident in Logan County last year.
The purchase is thanks to the generous pockets of those who want to make sure if a grain or farm-related accident happens again, those helping will have what they need to save a life.
On Dec. 11, 2024, Olmstead Fire Chief Dan Kemp said his department responded to a call of a person trapped over his head in a grain bin in Olmstead. Kemp said while rescue tubes and augers were used, the departments found they did not have enough of the proper equipment to handle a full-scale rescue. The farmer was saved “by the grace of God,” and afterward talk began that set the wheels in motion to acquire what was needed in case this happens again. Grain bin entrapments are complex and dangerous, according to Kemp, and can be challenging due to movement, the need for specialized equipment, and the risk of further grain flow. The average rescue can last up to six hours, according to Kemp.
Farmers enter grain bins to clean them; they will only empty so far and then farmers have to go inside them, which is when the danger begins. The grain in a bin is drawn out from the bottom through an auger, which can stop working when the grain gets to a certain level; then it requires handson cleaning.
Lonny Epley, assistant fire chief of the Lewisburg Rural Fire Department and Logan County cattleman, said after the entrapment last December, he, his son, Johnathan Epley, who is a member of the fire department, and Kemp got to talking about doing something to get the ball rolling on
what was needed.
Although some farmers in the area have their own tractor-run vacs and personal equipment, the magnitude of the new grain bin rescue equipment is unlike any in the area.
“We started getting prices on a grain vac from different places. I made a call to Carson Thurston with Thurston Grain Systems, and he was
checking prices for us,” Lonny Epley said. “I got a call from Carson, who was at the Farm Machinery Show, saying your grain vac is here.” Epley told Thurston they hadn’t bought a grain vac, but then Thurston said, “You have now.”
Both Olmstead and Lewisburg rural fire departments, along with Carson Thurston Grain Systems and Hopkinsville Elevator Company, all put in $7,500 and bought the grain vac. The trailer to hold the vac was donated by Nutrien Ag Solutions (Clarksville, Russellville and Allensville stores). The equipment to cut the grain bin metal and spread it, and the many additional items, cost thousands more. The project raised $86,050 through donations from agriculture-related businesses and farmers and also received a $18,000 grant from the Kentucky Ag Development Board.
“It was a tremendous outpouring of people,” Kemp said. When the fire chiefs began reaching out to people, it didn’t take long for calls to begin coming in asking to help.
Firefighter and farmer Johnathan Epley explains the important life-saving equipment on Logan County’s only Grain Bin Rescue Agri-Vac.
Thanks to numerous donations, Logan County is the home to a Grain Bin Rescue Agri-Vac, which can save lives.
photos by Chris Cooper
A specialized team is being formed to operate the new agri-vac and equipment. This team is being trained on how to handle the rescue, including understanding grain flow and the technical aspects of the equipment. Right now, there are over a dozen members but there will be more. “You can’t just come into a farm or grain bin rescue and not know what you’re doing,” said Johnathan Epley, who is also a Logan County cattleman. “You’ve got to have people that are knowledgeable on the farm side as well as knowledgeable on the rescue side.” Epley further stated that the team needs to be composed of people with knowledge of grain bins and how grain flows inside them, as well as those with technical skills in rope rescues on the outside. “This takes multiple individuals to operate,” he said. “We are still working on the team and getting things lined up with the right personnel.”
Grain bin rescues are very dangerous, said Johnathan Epley, not just to the trapped people but also to the people going in to do the rescue. “If you don’t know what you are doing and you step in the wrong area and you move that grain, it could cause another avalanche of grain to come down. Instead of one trapped, you may have five trapped.”
While the fire chiefs hope they never have to use the new equipment, they
Farms, Hutson, Inc., Independence Bank Silver Level Donors: Walnut Grove Farms, Don Wright, Lazy E Farms Feed & Supplies, Logan County Farm Bureau, Christian County Grain, Remington Seed, Elite Ag Services, Sexton Bin Builders, First Southern Bank, Logan, Cattlemen’s Association, Haley Auction and Realty, My Team Cattle & Crop Insurance, Trent & LeAnn Martin, Blue Hole Farms, J&D Farms
Local firefighters and farmers
Lonny Epley, Dan Kemp and Johnathan Epley stand in front of Logan County’s only Grain Bin Rescue Agri-Vac.
Kentucky Beef Council Leadership Participates in Checkoff Orientation
DENVER, CO - Directors from the Kentucky Beef Council joined beef producers and staff from state beef councils across the country to learn about the Beef Checkoff and share ideas during an orientation hosted by the Federation of State Beef Councils. Chris McBurney, Adam Chunglo and Robbie and Jerrianne Hatfield on the Kentucky Beef Council board, participated in the SBC Director Beef Checkoff Orientation held Oct. 22-23, in Denver, Colorado.
“This event provides an opportunity for state beef council leadership to learn how the Federation and the national Beef Checkoff work together,” said Nancy Jackson, Federation of State Beef Councils chair. “When we gather and share ideas, we strengthen the state and
national Checkoff partnership.”
New SBC staff members and directors learned about their fiduciary responsibilities as stewards of the Beef Checkoff. Attendees received information about the Beef Act & Order, Checkoff history and Checkoff payment compliance. In addition, vital information was provided about beef supply and demand trends and how foundational research drives Checkoff program development. The event also served as a way for SBCs to network with one another and learn about available Federation resources and services.
“Our board members are very familiar with how their Checkoff dollars are invested here in Kentucky, but we don’t always take the time to explain how the program operates on
a national level,” said Carey Brown, Kentucky Beef Council staff. “We truly value the producers who serve on Checkoff committees, helping guide how these funds are utilized and taking the initiative to deepen their understanding of the overall process.”
For more information about how the Kentucky Beef Council is driving the demand for beef, visit www.kybeef. com.
About the Federation of State Beef Councils Created in 1963, the Federation of State Beef Councils represents the 43 Qualified State Beef Councils and is committed to its vision, which is to build beef demand by inspiring, unifying and supporting an effective and coordinated state and national Checkoff partnership. State beef councils voluntarily invest in the Federation to enhance the national Checkoff and leverage producer dollars through a coordinated partnership. Housed at the National Cattlemen’s Beef Association, a contractor to the Beef Checkoff, the Federation is a grassroots organization run by producers across the country
Bowen Givens McKinney,
95, passed away at his home on October 29, 2025. Born on February 3, 1930, to Walter and Mary Lee Givens McKinney, Bowen grew up on a farm in McKinney, where he learned the value of hard work, perseverance, and love of family. Those early life lessons served him well, as he went on to accomplish much during his life.
Bowen was born into a strong pioneer family. Both his mother’s and father’s families were in what is now known as the great state of Kentucky by 1780. They helped to settle the wilderness and establish Montgomery Station, which was burnt down by the Shawnee Indians. It was later rebuilt as McKinney Fort and then renamed McKinney Station. Several of Bowen’s ancestors played a big role in the Revolutionary War (receiving sizable land grants for their service) and the Civil War, among others. Bowen was a member of the Sons of the American Revolution.
A proud graduate of McKinney High School, Bowen excelled in sports and agriculture. He attended Louisburg College in North Carolina, where he was a starting center on the basketball team, and Eastern Kentucky University. He graduated from the University of Kentucky in 1953 with a bachelor of science in agriculture. While at UK, he was a member of the Meats Judging Team (placing 2nd at the International and 2nd and 5th at the American Royal), Block and Bridle, 4-H, and Alpha Gamma Rho (Fraternity Basketball Champions). He was even recruited by Adolph Rupp to try out for the basketball team.
Bowen served his country as a corporal in the U.S. Army during the Korean War, stationed at Ft. Knox and in Germany. His time in the military allowed him to see much of Europe. He worked as a tank mechanic and sharpshooter. His team won the volleyball championship at Ft. Knox. Bowen was awarded with an International Farm Youth Exchange Trip to Norway while in the service, but was unable to attend while enlisted.
He moved to Louisville to accept a buyer position at Fischer Packing Company. Bowen quickly learned how to analyze the weight, age, degree of finish and potential yield of cattle. He became so good at
his job that he attracted the attention of others. He was recruited by and retired from Dawson-Baker Packing Company. There, he was able to see cattle on foot and on the rail, giving him new carcass data as well. The cattle he bought averaged 90% plus Choice, Prime, and CAB. The business relationships Bowen developed with farmers resulted in countless lifelong friendships.
With an unwavering faith in God, Bowen attended Walnut Street Baptist Church since 1961. Over those years, he was a member of the AGOGA Sunday school class, OASIS, a quartet and the Baptismal Committee. He served as a greeter and youth chaperone; and he was on a bowling league.
Bowen was a leader and an authority in Kentucky agriculture, regarded as an expert in his field. He judged numerous cattle shows, cook offs, and queen contests. He provided marketing statistics to the USDA; spoke at Extension programs and field days; instructed classes at UK on feeding, finishing, and marketing cattle; served on Kentucky Cattlemen’s Association committees; was the voice of Freddy Farm Bureau at the Kentucky State Fair; oversaw the slaughter of cattle from national shows and feed trials; and led school tours at the North American International Livestock Exposition for many years. Bowen was a member of the Kentucky Cattlemen’s Association (since its inception), Kentucky Farm Bureau, the Louisville Ag Club, and the Louisville Agribusiness Network. He served as a director for the American Meat Institute. Bowen lived a life of service to his community and the agriculture industry. He was awarded the Kentucky Service to Agriculture Citation; was an Honorary Commissioner of Agriculture; and received
several service awards for his work with 4-H and FFA. He was a Kentucky Colonel, a member of the Louisville VFW, a member of the Lincoln County Masonic Lodge, and served on the Peoples Bank of Kentucky board of directors for over 20 years. Outside of work, he found joy in genealogy, gardening, travel, UK athletics, the YMCA and Sudoku puzzles. Bowen grew the best tomatoes and won numerous Kentucky State Fair blue ribbons to prove it. His favorite mode of transportation was his tractor.
Bowen had a profound impact on the many lives of those who had the pleasure of knowing him. He was known for his infectious smile, laughter and the best bear hugs anywhere. He never met a stranger. Bowen went out of his way to spread love and kindness to everyone he encountered.
A life well-lived. Faith, family and farming were at the core of who he was. Bowen loved God, loved his family and friends and loved agriculture. Bowen sowed kindness, love and faith, which provided a bountiful harvest of blessings. His remarkable legacy of service, humility, integrity and compassion will forever be an inspiration to all who knew him. His warmth and generosity will be greatly missed. Death leaves a heartache no one can heal, but love leaves a memory no one can steal.
He was preceded in death by his parents, late wife of 58 years Ramona Vanover McKinney, brother James Walter “J.W.” McKinney, and sister Elizabeth “Libby” Coble.
Bowen leaves behind his precious wife Sarah Cline McKinney; loving daughters Debra McKinney and Alice Niehoff (Leo); dear brother George McKinney (Doris); wonderful grandchildren Larissa Braun (Michael), Brent Crowe, Nathan Crowe (Abbye), and Brian Niehoff (Lauren); 8 delightful great-grandchildren; and many wonderful nieces and nephews to cherish his memory.
Visitation was Friday, November 7, 2025 from 12:00 PM - 8:00 PM at Arch L. Heady at Resthaven, 4400 Bardstown Road, Louisville KY 40218. Visitation resumed Saturday morning from 9:00 AM-11:00 AM, with a funeral service in Bowen's honor beginning at 11:00AM. Bowen was laid to rest in Buffalo Springs Cemetery in Stanford.
21st Annual Production Sale
Saturday January 17, 2026 1:00 PM
Oesterling Incentive 84 Reg #21215150
Oesterling Big Country 224 Reg. #21215112
Oesterling Heat Seeker 44 Reg. #21216070
Oesterling Satisfaction 374 Reg. #21215121
-Sires Included-
Kraye Big Country 0179 - Connealy Commerce
Connely Craftsmen - S Armstrrong
Ellingson Prolific - RL Justice
Connely Bud Murphy - SITZ Incentive
Schaack Satisfaction - S Architect 9501
Woodhill Comstock - Baldridge Heat Seeker H925
Oesterling Prolific 274 Reg. #21215116
Oesterling Prolific 334 Reg. #21251715
-12 Month Guarentee on Bulls -Free Wintering Availible -Genomically Enhanced EDPs -Free Delivery Availible -Performance Tested Videos availible leading up to the sale
All listed times are Central Standard Time.
WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 14
12:00-5:00 Trade Show Move-In Exhibition Hall
1:00-3:00 KCA Oversight Committee Meeting Riverwalk- Hampton Inn
3:00-4:30 KCA Foundation Meeting Riverwalk- Hampton Inn
4:30-6:00 KCA Executive Committee Meeting Riverwalk- Hampton Inn
6:00 KCA Leadership Dinner (Invitation Only) Miller House
6:00 KCA Beef Efficiency Conference Guests Dinner (Invitation Only) Miller House
THURSDAY, JANUARY 15
7:00-6:00 Registration Hours Registration Booth
8:00-11:00 Trade Show Move-In Exhibition Hall
9:00-12:00 Beef Efficiency Conference: Connecting Genetics and Management to Influence Beef Efficiency West Ballroom B-D
What is the Ideal Cow? – Dr. Daniel Shike University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
Strategic Decision Making in an Evolving Beef Cattle Industry – Dr. Trey Patterson Padlock Ranch
A New Era: Red Meat Yield – Dr. Dale Woerner Texas Tech University
11:00 Trade Show Opens (exclusive Trade Show hours 12:00-2:00 & 4:30-6:30) Exhibition Hall
12:00 Lunch in Trade Show sponsored by Kentucky Beef Council Exhibition Hall
12:20-2:30 Women's Session (Ticket Required) Exhibition Hall
1:00-2:00 Barn Talk Session 1 Exhibition Hall
2:00-4:00 Opening General Session West Ballroom B-D
Welcome 2025 Kentucky Cattlemen’s Association
Convention – Randy Warner 2025 KCA President Kentucky Beef Council Highlights & Awards – Ryan Miller, KBC Chairman
Holiday Inn
$134
Kentucky Department of Agriculture Update – Jonathan Shell, Kentucky Department of Agriculture
270-683-1111x 0
Special Code: KCA
What Global Markets Mean for U.S. Cattlemen – John Hinners, US Meat Export Federation
County President & Past KCA President’s Breakfast (Invitation Only) West Ballroom E
8:00 Trade Show Opens (exclusive Trade Show hours 10-12)
8:00-10:00
Forages at KCA Nutrient Cycling in Grassland Ecosystems…Getting Off the Fertilizer Train West Ballroom A
Welcome – Chris Teutsch University of Kentucky
Nutrient Cycling in Grassland Ecosystems – Ricardo Riberio University of Kentucky
Bale Grazing: Making it Work in Kentucky – Greg Halich University of Kentucky
Optimizing Production in Grassland Ecosystems –Chris Teutsch University of Kentucky
8:30-9:00 KJCA Board of Directors Meeting (2025 KJCA Board Members Only) Meeting Room 231 KJCA
9:00-10:00 Who is the KJCA? Riverview Room KJCA
10:00-10:45 Trade Show Scavenger Hunt Exhibition Hall KJCA
10:00-11:00 Barn Talks Session 2
10:45-12:00 Alumni Town Hall Riverview Room KJCA
12:00 Trade Show Closes Exhibition Hall
12:00-2:30 Foundation Luncheon (Ticket Required) East Ballroom B-D
Welcome – Dr. David Williams KCA Foundation President Meal
Recognition of Special Guests & Leadership Development Program Class
Recognition of 2026 KCA Convention Sponsors –Adam Chunglo KCA Association Chairman 2026 KCA Hall of Fame Inductions • Heifer Initiative Award • KJCA Program Highlights • KJCA Outgoing President Recognition • Kentucky Cattlemen’s Association Foundation Auction
2:30-3:30 Jeopardy Tournament Riverview Room KJCA
2:45-3:45 Regional Meetings West Ballrooms
3:00-4:00 Board of Directors Elections Meeting Room 231 KJCA
4:00-5:30 Closing Business Session East Ballroom B-D
Welcome – Randy Warner 2025 KCA President 2025 Financial Review – Ken Adams KCA Treasurer
A Year in Review and 2026 Outlook – Dave Maples
KCA Executive Vice President
KJCA Incoming Officer Recognition • Regional Meeting & Nominating Committee Reports • Recognition of 2025 KCA President • Installation of 2026 KCA President
$149
4:30-6:30 KCA Roundup Reception Best Burgers of Owensboro
Tasting Event & Games Exhibition Hall
270-685-2005
6:30 Trade Show Closes Exhibition Hall
Special Code: KentuckyCattlemen
Available Through 12/19/2025
Home 2 Suites
$134
270-645-5001
Available Through 12/16/2025
Holiday Inn
$134
270-683-1111x 0
Special Code: KCA
Available Through 12/23/2025
Hampton Inn
$149
270-685-2005
Special Code: KentuckyCattlemen
Available Through 12/19/2025
JANUARY 15-16 • OWENSBORO
Event Cost Number Attending Totals
Full Registration
(Includes Trade Show and Business Meetings)
Trade Show Only
Junior Registration (21 years or younger)
FRIDAY, JANUARY 16
Foundation Luncheon
$85 x =
$25 x =
$25 x =
$45 x = choose one Roast Beef Chicken
Foundation Lunch Table (preferred seating for up to 10)
Ladies Program
$500 x =
$50 x =
Total Amount Due
Names as they should appear on badges. Please only one family or individual per registration form.
NAME
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Weak Calf Syndrome-Not Just a Cold Weather Concern
Michelle Arnold DVM, UK VDL, Ray Smith UK extension forage specialist
with contributions from
Chris Teutsch, Jeff Lehmkuhler, Les Anderson and Katie VanValin
The difficulties associated with feeding and calving in cold, rainy and muddy conditions in the spring have caused many producers to shift their calving season to the fall when temperatures are generally more comfortable, good forage is available to graze and dry conditions abound. However, the last several falls have proven to be difficult for many fall-calving herds throughout Kentucky with reports of small, weak calves and stillbirths born to dams with little to no milk despite overall dam body condition as good to excellent. The University of Kentucky Veterinary Diagnostic Lab received fall calves that died within the first few weeks after birth due to scours or navel infections resulting from poor quality colostrum and/or inability to nurse leading to failure of passive transfer.
The major reproductive issues observed were not limited to fall-calving herds; conception rates in spring-calving herds have also been dramatically affected with some herds experiencing up to 40-50% of females open at their fall pregnancy check with no signs of estrus noted and no evidence of infectious disease. These findings have resulted in lengthy discussions among UKVDL faculty and extension specialists to expand the list of potential problems causing the effects observed this year and what measures may help prevent recurrence. Although summer heat and fescue toxicosis are expected in Kentucky, the unusually long drought and exceptional heat very likely affected both the forage and the cattle; but the question is, how?
“Weak calf syndrome” is a term applied to any calf born alive but slow to stand and may or may not attempt to nurse. Previous studies have reported that environmental, genetic, infectious and nutritional causes can lead to calves being born weak and contribute to the risk of
perinatal mortality (death within the first three weeks of life). Most cases have several contributing factors that have come together to create the perfect storm. For example, weak calves may result from a combination of poor nutrition during pregnancy, difficulty calving and hypothermia when born in cold, wet weather. Unfortunately, by the time a reproductive problem is recognized as a herd problem, it is usually too late to change the trajectory for those left to calve. Similarly, infectious agents associated with weak calves such as bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDv) may inflict damage early in gestation, making it difficult to diagnose, let alone prevent. Although investigations into the cause of reproductive failure are rarely easy, beginning with an appraisal of differences from “normal” over the last several years is a reasonable starting point.
The November 2025 edition of UK Forage News sheds new light on a potential contributor to the problem. Ray Smith, UK forage extension specialist, wrote: “The last four late summers and falls have had extended dry periods, followed by late-fall rains. This has made fall forage establishment and stockpiling difficult since dependable rains came very late. These long dry periods have also caused considerable stress on cool-season forages. In many parts of the region, Kentucky bluegrass was completely dormant and many orchardgrass stands have thinned. On the other hand, KY-31 tall fescue plants have only shown reduced growth with leaf curling (a drought survival response), but the endophyte has allowed good survival of these plants. When the fall rains finally came, fescue-predominant pastures were the first ones to green up. Unfortunately, the new growth after these periods of drought stress has shown abnormally high levels of ergovaline, the toxic alkaloid in KY-
31 tall fescue. Normally, the highest levels of ergovaline are in May and June when seedheads are present and lower in the fall when the plants are in a vegetative stage, but it seems that these higher ergovaline levels are some type of drought response in the plant. The high fall ergovaline levels have also extended into early winter since hard freezes (<25 degrees) seem to be coming later the last few years. You might ask, “Why should I care?” We normally aren’t concerned about toxicity in tall fescue during the fall, and this is part of the reason that fall calving has been encouraged in the region. The lower ergovaline in the fall allows good milk production for fall calves and fewer rebreeding issues than with spring-calving herds”. To read the entire article titled, “Fescue Toxicity in the Fall: Is this an issue?”, go to https://tinyurl.com/5n83vhum.
In summary, the farms that manage grazing best usually have the most fescue, the best growing fescue and the most vigorous fescue with the energy to produce more ergovaline. Good managers with thick fescue stands may also have less of other types of grasses and legumes that could dilute some of the fescue’s toxicity. Ergovaline is known to negatively impact conception rates, disrupt normal hormone function, and reduce birth weights in cattle from decreased nutrient supply to the fetus. Cattle grazing toxic fescue experience suppression of prolactin hormone that is associated with a decline in milk production, and lower levels of progesterone necessary for establishment and maintenance of pregnancy.
In addition to the risk of increased ergovaline in fescue pastures, the lack of vitamin A due to drought and excessive heat may be a significant contributing factor. In neonatal calves that rely on the maternal transfer of vitamin A during ges-
tation and lactation, a deficiency can cause perinatal deaths, weaken immune response and increase mortality. In breeding animals, it can reduce reproduction and induce abortion. Vitamin A is a fat-soluble molecule that plays an essential role in growth, development, reproduction, nervous system function and vision. The major source of vitamin A for cattle is beta-carotene, a precursor of vitamin A. Generally, fresh, immature green grass is abundant in beta-carotene although different factors such as environmental conditions, season, stage of growth and nitrogen fertilization cause levels to vary in the plant. After its ingestion, beta-carotene is converted to vitamin A in the small intestine, then absorbed and stored in the liver in the form of retinol. Blood vitamin A concentrations are maintained by utilizing the liver stores. Once liver stores are depleted, blood concentration rapidly decreases. In addition, a protein produced and released by the liver known as retinol binding protein (RBP), is required to transport vitamin A away from the liver and for its uptake by various cells. If the diet is deficient in protein, the transport and utilization of vitamin A is impaired. In grazing animals, vitamin A deficiency may be observed during the winter when consuming poor quality hay or in summer after grazing drought-affected pastures in which the levels of beta-carotene and protein in the forage are inadequate to meet the nutritional requirements of cattle. Vitamin A requirements are also increased during pregnancy and lactation. Heat and sunlight promote oxidation of carotenoids, so beta-carotene concentrations are greatly reduced in sun-dried pasture. Although vitamin A is added in most trace mineral mixtures and feeds, the stability of vitamins in these mixtures can be affected by exposure to light, heat, moisture, oxygen and other compounds that ultimately degrade vitamin A through oxidation.
In adult cattle, vitamin A deficiency is associated with low conception rates, abortion, stillbirths and the birth of weak calves. In one published report, confined dairy heifers fed a grain-based diet without vitamin A supplementation gave birth to calves with severe eye, skull and brain abnormalities. Neurological abnormalities have also been reported in newborn calves such as mild to severe ataxia (wobbly gait), difficulty finding a teat and sucking, blindness (partial or complete) and depression. Affected calves occasionally show thickened carpal joints and head tremors.
In several cases submitted to the UKVDL, analysis of serum and liver samples did demonstrate deficient levels of vitamin A in the perinatal calves. Appropriate specimens were not available for assessing any maternal deficiency. Under normal circumstances, calves depend on high levels of vitamin A in colostrum to build their liver stores so any samples (serum or liver) are most reliable when taken from newborn animals after they have suckled. In some cases, the neurologic symptoms present at birth prevent the normal intake of colostrum, causing failure of passive transfer. In other cases where calves received adequate colostrum from the dam, vitamin A levels were still below the normal reference range, most likely due to inadequate vitamin A in colostrum. In the face of drought, prevention of vitamin A deficiency can be addressed with additional supplementation in the diet or injectable vitamins if there is adequate protein provided in the diet.
Infectious causes must always be considered when investigating reproductive loss. Both the BVD virus and the spirochete Leptospira interrogans serovar Hardjo infections have been implicated in weak calves. If the cow is infected with the BVD virus during gestation, there may be multiple congenital defects observed such as a domed head, cleft palate, cataracts and hydrocephalus in the
affected calf. The involvement of Leptospira organisms in weak calves is not well understood but are undergoing further study.
If calves are born weak, institute special care; normal calves should stand within 30 minutes of delivery and nurse within 30 minutes of standing. If the calf is slow to stand and nurse, dry the calf off, dip or spray the navel with disinfectant, and feed colostrum within two hours of birth. Fly control is important to keep blow flies away from the navel and other moist areas of skin. Have a good quality commercial colostrum replacement (NOT supplement) on hand and be ready to mix and feed if you cannot milk the dam. Do not delay because the longer the interval from birth to feeding, the fewer antibodies absorbed by the calf. Predation from buzzards and other wildlife is likely if weak calves are left outside. Discuss the problem with your veterinarian and come up with an action plan.
If fescue is determined to be a problem, there are options available. Move cows from predominantly tall fescue pastures in the fall and wait until a couple of hard freezes before putting them back on these pastures. Legumes, especially red clover, help alleviate fescue toxicity so offering hay containing red clover or, alternatively, feeding soybeans (2 lbs. per day) or soyhulls (5 lbs. per day) will be beneficial. You can test for ergovaline levels by submitting tall fescue samples from your pasture to the UK Veterinary Diagnostic Lab. This will help determine which fields are the safest for grazing during the fall, especially during breeding or lactation. The best longterm solution is to renovate the most toxic fields with novel endophyte tall fescue and have your cows on these fields before, during and just after the breeding season. Check out the UK Forage Extension website for more information, https://forages. mgcafe.uky.edu/.
Hay Quality in the Commonwealth
Chris Teutsch UK Research and Education Center, Princeton
As part of the 2025 Eastern and Central Kentucky hay contests, we analyzed more than 860 samples. A summary of the results can be found in Table 1. Here is what we found:
• Crude protein (5.3 to 26.0%) and total digestible nutrients (42 to 73%) varied widely
• 9% of the hay samples contained less than 50% TDN
• 4% of the hay samples contained less than 8% crude protein
• 96 samples or 11% contained enough energy to meet the requirements of a beef cow at peak lactation
• 787 samples or 69% would meet the protein requirements of a beef cow at peak lactation
• 787 samples or 91% contained enough protein to meet the needs of a dry pregnant cow
• 1,091 samples or 99% contained enough energy to meet the requirements of a dry pregnant cow Hay Quality by Forage Type
Average crude protein and total digestible nutrients can be found in Figures 1 and 2 on page 28. All classes of hay would on average meet the crude protein requirements of a dry and lactating brood cow (Figure 1). In contrast, the average sample would NOT meet the energy needs of a lactating brood cow (Figure 2). A better way to look at this dataset can be found in Figures 3 and 4. These figures show the percentage of samples by and averaged over forage type that would meet the protein and energy requirements of a lactating brood cow. Approximately 65% of the grass and mixed hay samples would meet the protein requirement of a lactating brood (Figure 3). In contrast to crude protein, only 10% of the hay samples would meet the energy needs of a lactating brood cow (Figure 4). To put this data into perspective, 9 out of 10 samples in this dataset will
Table 1. Summary of 2025 Hay Contest forage quality results. Samples (n=864) were collected by extension agents, dried in a forced air oven, ground to pass through a 1 mm screen, and nutritive value was quantified using a near infrared spectroscopy
Table 2. Nutritional requirements of various livestock classes. Adapted from Southern Forages, Fifth Edition.
Table 3. Steps for utilizing UK Beef Cow Forage Supplement Tool found at http://forage-supplement-tool.ca.uky.edu
Using UK Beef Cow Forage Supplementation Tool
1. Obtain a representative forage sample and send to NFTA certified lab.
2. From the test results enter DM, CP, NDF, and TDN (all on a DM basis) into the supplementation tool.
3. Select the stage of production from the drop down menu.
4. Select the supplements that you have available or just click the “Select All” button.
5. Click on the “Calculate” button.
6. View the results and select the appropriate supplement.
Note: This NOT ration balancing software. Consult your local extension office or a trained nutritionist for help with formulating complete rations.
Scan QR code to open UK Beef Cow Forage Supplementation Tool
require supplementation. The last thing to note from these graphs is that the legume hay samples were higher in both protein and energy…a great reason to include legumes in your hay productions systems!
Putting Forage Tests to Work
Hay testing is worth nothing if you don’t use the results to make changes. From a temporal standpoint, there are changes that need to happen
immediately and changes that need to occur in the near future. Immediately, we need to utilize forage test results to develop supplementation strategies that will maintain body condition on our cows. This is critical since body condition score at calving is so closely related to rebreeding. In the near future, we need to make changes that will help to improve hay quality thus reducing the need for supplementation.
For this example, we will use average values for the bottom 25% of the samples entered in the 2025 Kentucky hay contests. The average values for this sample set were 8.7, 65, and 53% for CP, NDF, and TDN, respectively. When we compare these average values to the nutrient requirements of a lactating brood cow (Table 2), it becomes apparent that this hay will require both protein and energy supplementation. The question then becomes what type of supplement and how much? The UK Beef Cow Forage Supplement Tool allows you to enter the results from your forage test (dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, crude protein, and total digestible nutrients ALL on a dry matter basis) and gives you a range of supplement options and how much of each supplement must be fed to meet the cow’s nutritional requirements at a given stage of production (Table 3). It is online at forage-supplementtool.ca.uky.edu/.
When we enter the average values for crude protein, neutral detergent fiber and total digestible nutrients for the bottom 25% of the samples
in the 2025 hay contests, the application indicates that this hay would need to be supplemented with either 10.3 lbs. of soybean hulls, 6.0 lbs. of corn gluten feed, or 5.5 lbs. of distillers dried grain with solubles on a daily basis.
Making Changes to Improve Hay Quality
If you find the quality of your hay to be below “average” and/or you are tired of buying and feeding supplements, then it may be a good time to think about steps that you can take this spring to improve your hay quality and reduce your winter feeding costs. Below is a short list of things that you can implement to improve hay quality on your farm.
Fertilize and lime according to soil test. A balanced fertility program is essential for optimizing hay yield and quality. Phosphorus, potassium and lime should be applied according to soil test results. Avoid using “complete” fertilizers such as 10-10-10. These fertilizers commonly over apply phosphorus and under apply potash.
Apply nitrogen early to promote rapid spring growth. Applying 80 lbs. N/A in mid- to late March will promote early growth in hay meadows, resulting in higher first harvest yields with improved crude protein values. Recent research at
FEATURED VIDEO
This month’s featured video is Hay Contest Summary: Putting Your Results to Work by Chris Teutsch. This presentation was given at the 2025 Eastern Kentucky Hay Contest Awards Banquet held Nov. 6 in Carter County. It is available at https://tinyurl.com/yc53mwr7.
FEATURED UPCOMING EVENTS
Forages at KCA: Owensboro Convention Center Jan. 16 from 8 to 10 a.m. Central Topic: Nutrient cycling in grassland ecosystems…getting off the fertilizer train! More information available www.kycattle.org/kca-convention.
2025 Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference
Logan County Extension Office, Russellville Feb. 24 from 8 a.m. to 3:30 p.m. Central. More information available at forages.ca.uky.edu/ and clicking on “UPCOMING EVENTS”.
FEATURED PUBLICATION
This month’s featured publication is AGR-257, Hay Sampling Strategies for Getting a Good Sample by Chris Teutsch, Jordyn Bush, Tom Keene and Jimmy Henning. UK Cooperative Extension. This publication is available at tinyurl.com/2xeysmx3 or contacting your local extension office.
FENCING TIP
Grounding system. For an electric fencing to work properly, current from the fence must travel though the animal into the ground and back to the energizer. The grounding system works as an “antenna” to collect this current and complete the circuit. Most of the problems associated with low voltage on an electric fence are caused by a poorly constructed grounding system. Grounding systems should have a minimum of three galvanized grounding rods, 10 feet apart, 6 feet in the ground, all connected with a single galvanized wire running from the energizer. For very large energizers or very dry conditions, more grounding rods may be needed.
FORAGE MANAGEMENT TIPS
• Begin grazing stockpiled tall fescue.
• Supplement hay according to hay test results.
• Feed hay on your poorest pastures to improve soil fertility and organic matter.
• Soil test and apply any needed lime and fertilizer.
• Service and calibrate seeders and no-till drills.
• Source improved clover seed for frost seeding in January and February.
• Make plans to attend Forages at KCA in Owensboro.
• Make plans to attend the Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference in Russellville.
Table 4. Results from the UK Beef Cow Forage Supplement Tool for the average values for the bottom 25% of the samples entered in the 2025 hay contests.
the University of Kentucky has shown that fall nitrogen fertilization promotes hay growth in the spring. In fact, 80 lbs. N/A applied in the fall was equivalent to more than 100 lbs. N/A applied in the spring.
Harvest at the boot stage. The single most important factor impacting forage quality is stage of maturity at harvest. Hayfields should be mowed as soon as the grass reaches the late boot-stage. The boot stage occurs when the sheath of the flag leaf swells just prior to the emergence of the seed head. By making the first cutting in a timely manner, we will have time to make a leafy second cutting just prior to the summer months.
Mow early in the day. Some studies have shown that sugars are the highest in late afternoon, making this the optimal time of day to cut. However, in a high rainfall environment like Kentucky, maximizing curing time is the highest priority. Therefore, hay should be mowed in mid to late morning after the dew has dried off. Use mower-conditioner.
Conditioning the stems allows moisture to escape at a faster rate. This shortens curing time and improves your chances of avoiding rain. Conditioning is especially important for first cutting grasses, summer annual grasses and legumes, all of which tend to have larger stems. Set swath on mower-conditioner to the widest possible setting. Maximizing the swath width decreases curing or wilting time by exposing a larger portion of the forage to direct sunlight.
Rake or ted at 40-50% moisture content. Raking and tedding the forage while it is still pliable helps to reduce leaf loss and maintain forage quality. Once the moisture content is below 40%, leaf loss increases, especially in legumes such as alfalfa and clover.
Bale at 18-20% moisture. Baling in this moisture range inhibits mold growth and reduces heating. Avoid baling hay that is excessively dry due to high levels of leaf loss and hay that is above 20% moisture due to heating and potential hay fires.
Figure 1. Average crude protein (CP) concentrations by type and averaged over forage types. Dotted lines indicate the protein requirement for various animal classes.
Figure 2. Average total digestible nutrient concentrations (TDN) by forage type and averaged over forage types. Dotted lines indicate the protein requirement for various animal classes.
450 lb Steer Lactating Beef Cow
Figure 3. Samples meeting the PROTEIN requirements of a LACTATING brood cow by forage type and averaged over forage types.
Figure 4. Samples meeting the ENERGY requirements of a LACTATING brood cow by forage type and averaged over forage types.
Store dry hay under cover and off the ground. Protecting hay from weathering helps to reduce dry matter losses and maintain forage quality. Much of the weathering damage is a result of the hay bale wicking moisture up from the ground. So, storing hay off the ground can greatly reduce deterioration.
Consider using baleage. The biggest advantage of baleage is the shortened period between mowing and baling. In many cases, hay can be mowed one day and baled the next. This facilitates harvesting hay at the correct stage of growth, the No. 1 factor impacting forage quality. To learn more about baleage, see AGR-235 Baleage: Frequently Asked Questions.
Hay Testing Now Available at UK
In the past, forage testing was available through the Kentucky Department of Agriculture. This
This NEW program features stateof-art analytical equipment, robust forage predication equations, expanded number of forages that can be analyzed including baleage and corn silage, an expansive suite of constituents including digestible fiber and a rapid turnaround time. This program is headed by Jenny Combs, who has more than 20 years of experience working in ruminant nutrition, and lab analysis and management. To learn more about this program and to submit samples, please contact your local extension office. Forage testing is also available from several commercial labs. Make sure and use a lab that has been certified for accuracy and precision by the National Forage Testing Association.
If you need help with hay sampling or interpreting your hay testing results, make sure and contact your local
THE YARDS is an education center focusing on the science and practices of the beef industry. Educational opportunities provide a unique learning experience based on its location in the Blue Grass Regional Stockyards Marketplace. This environment fosters complex thinking, experiential learning, and life skill application.
Leadership Class Goes to Washington
Kendra Childress Class X Chair
There was no better week for the members of the Kentucky Cattlemen’s Association Leadership Development Program to advocate for cattlemen and women in Washington, D.C. than the one following President Trump’s remarks about increasing Argentine beef imports. Just as Kentucky producers have begun to feel their hard work paying off, concerns have risen that expanded imports could threaten market stability. Like many with diversified operations, members of Leadership Class X have been grateful for profitability in the cattle sector, which has helped offset losses in other commodities. Rest assured, we voiced our concerns about market interference at every table we sat at. Our timing was significant for another reason. We arrived in D.C. during what became the longest government shutdown in U.S. history. Despite the
political gridlock, the halls of Capitol Hill were alive with senators, staffers and reporters tracking developments on the budget bill. Our visit could not have come at a more critical time to represent Kentucky cattle producers.
Day One
Session six of the program began as soon as we stepped out of Reagan International Airport. The National Cattlemen’s Beef Association gave us updates on the “Big Beautiful Bill,” farm market trends and priorities for the Farm Bill. The discussion emphasized maintaining a strong, united voice to keep the cattle industry’s needs central in policy conversations.
Next, we met with the America First Policy Institute, where Kentucky native Tate Bennett outlined priorities to strengthen trade, improve supply
chains and advance the Make America Healthy Again initiative. She said Secretary of Agriculture Brooke Rollins and her team are closely monitoring the growing influence of agricultural voices on social media, reinforcing the importance of producers sharing their stories to connect with consumers and policymakers.
Our meeting with the National Association of State Departments of Agriculture deepened our understanding of how states collaborate to meet producers’ evolving needs. Their efforts to educate about the benefits of U.S. agriculture and dispel misconceptions highlighted the power of communication and unity within the industry. The day ended with a visit to Arlington National Cemetery, a humbling reminder of the service and sacrifice that make our freedoms possible.
Day Two
We began the day with Kentucky Commissioner of Agriculture Jonathan Shell, who updated us on the Food is Medicine initiative and the Kentucky Department of Agriculture’s focus on linking agriculture with community health. He showcased the success of getting Kentucky Cattlemen’s Ground Beef into Appalachian Regional Healthcare facilities and the goal of expanding that model. His message was clear: advocate for healthy, locally produced foods while ensuring cattle producers have the resources to grow and strengthen their operations.
Commissioner Shell joined us for our visit to JBS. After touring their Greeley, Colorado, facility earlier in the program, this meeting brought the experience full circle. JBS leaders emphasized their goal of connecting producers and corporate partners to create consistent, mutually beneficial markets that serve consumers, farmers and packers.
U.S. Representative Morgan McGarvey joined us and reminded us that “food is a bipartisan issue.” He encouraged producers to connect directly with the public and tell their stories, an essential step in building trust with consumers who may have
little exposure to agriculture.
Later, our visit to Altria, parent company of Philip Morris USA, offered an eye-opening look at how the company has adapted to meet shifting consumer demands. The panel discussed their 10-year plan to transition toward noncombustible products and their concerns about unregulated vape and pouch markets, particularly their effects on youth. At the National Farmers Union, we learned about advocacy efforts on issues such as the Right to Repair, input cost transparency and the American Beef Labeling Act. Kansas Livestock Association CEO Matt Teagarden discussed his work with the American Business Innovation Coalition, addressing labor shortages and how workforce, policy and production connect across the beef industry.
Class members from the 2nd and 6th Congressional Districts also met with U.S. Representative Brett Guthrie and staff from U.S. Representative Andy Barr’s office. Guthrie took time to listen to our concerns about market conditions, barriers to herd expansion and the future of the Farm Bill. His thoughtful engagement and commitment to Kentucky producers is deeply appreciated.
Day Three
The day centered on policy discussions and producer advocacy on Capitol Hill. Meetings with staff from U.S. Representatives James Comer, Thomas Massie and Hal Rogers focused on agricultural priorities across Kentucky. Discussions with U.S. Senator Rand Paul’s staff covered cattle market concerns and two
legislative priorities: effective migrant workforce policy and strong animal health protocols, both vital to a stable food supply.
Meeting with U.S. Senator Mitch McConnell was an honor. He reaffirmed his support for Kentucky agriculture, highlighting farmland transition efforts and tax reforms in the “Big Beautiful Bill,” designed to promote long-term stability for multigenerational farm families.
Senate Agriculture Committee staff explained how legislation moves from committee to the Senate floor and emphasized staying engaged in policy discussions and on social media. Their reminder was clear: producers must tell their own stories.
The evening concluded with our graduation dinner, where we celebrated the friendships, experiences and leadership growth that have defined our time in the Kentucky Cattlemen’s Leadership Program.
Day Four
Day four offered a welcome change of pace with a tour of George Washington’s Mount Vernon Estate. The visit provided a meaningful look at Washington’s legacy as both a leader and steward of the land. The day also gave our class time to reflect on the experiences, friendships and lessons that have shaped our journey. Reflections and Gratitude
Every table we sat at in D.C. was an opportunity to share our passion for the industry. Though we represent diverse operations, we share one goal: to strengthen the future of agriculture and the production of safe, sustainable, Kentucky Proud beef.
We are especially grateful for the leadership of KCA’s Rachel Cain and Dan Miller, whose dedication to the industry and this program is unmatched. Special recognition goes to Jackson Tolle, whose guidance as Class IX chair helped keep our group connected and focused throughout the program. To witness the relationships Dave Maples, KCA executive vice president, has built across the state and nation has been both inspiring and humbling; he defines peoplecentered leadership.
Ultimately, we are thankful for the opportunities to learn, grow and lead made possible through the Kentucky Cattlemen’s Foundation. Class X entered this program full of potential and leaves equipped to move our farms, communities and state forward.
RANDOLPH FARM
Cardinal Hill Farm
Popplewell Farms
Cave Ridge Cattle Co.
Lynn Creek Farm
G&R Farms
Craig Farms
Newman Angus
Boiling Springs Station
Reece Angus Farm
Cline Angus
Woodland Farm
Berry Angus Farm
Rooted in Legacy. Growing the Next Generation.
Carey Brown KCA Chief Operating Officer
KENTUCKY CATTLEMEN’S FOUNDATION LAUNCHES STATEWIDE CAMPAIGN TO INVEST IN THE FUTURE OF KENTUCKY’S CATTLE INDUSTRY
The Kentucky Cattlemen’s Foundation (KCF) was created with a simple but powerful idea: to honor those who built Kentucky’s cattle industry and invest in those who will lead it forward. Over the years, that mission has grown into scholarships for students, youth programs, leadership development for young producers and disaster assistance for farm families in need. This year, the Foundation is taking that vision to the next level through a new campaign — Rooted in Legacy. Growing the Next Generation. This effort celebrates the people and programs that have shaped the industry and calls on cattlemen and women across the state to invest in the future. The campaign will raise funds to strengthen KCF’s core programs — youth and veterinary scholarships, youth programs, leadership development and disaster relief — while ensuring the Foundation can continue to grow and adapt to the changing needs of Kentucky’s beef community.
Honoring the Legacy
The Kentucky Cattlemen’s Foundation was born from the foresight of industry leaders who believed in building something lasting. Founding Chairman Nelson Curry once said, “The Foundation was started with a vision for scholarships and leadership development — but it’s grown into so much more. It’s become a way for us to take care of our own and invest in generations to come.”
From those early days, the Foundation has relied on the generosity of Kentucky cattle producers and friends of the industry. Through gifts both large and small, KCF has provided thousands of dollars in scholarships to students pursuing agricultural degrees and veterinary medicine. It has supported leadership programs that empower young producers to develop
Kentucky CATTLEMEN’S
their skills and confidence. It has supported programs that has grown our Kentucky Junior Cattlemen’s Association membership to over 1,200 youth. And when disaster strikes — from tornadoes to floods — KCF has been there to help fellow producers rebuild and recover.
Growing the Next Generation
Today’s cattle producers face new challenges and opportunities, and the Kentucky Cattlemen’s Foundation is committed to equipping the next generation with the tools they need to succeed. Whether it’s through youth leadership programs, college scholarships or hands-on learning experiences, KCF helps ensure Kentucky’s beef industry remains strong and vibrant.
“Programs like these are critical for developing leaders who understand
the value of community, stewardship, and hard work,” said Curtis Absher, one of KCF’s Hall of Fame inductees who helped create the Leadership Program. “We wanted to make sure the next generation of cattle producers had the same opportunities we did — and even more.”
A Call to Give Back
The Kentucky Cattlemen’s Foundation was built on the simple belief that those who benefit from the strength of our industry also have a responsibility to invest in its future. Every dollar given helps continue the legacy of leadership, education and service that has defined Kentucky cattle producers for generations.
Current Foundation Chairman Dr. David Williams reminds producers that giving back is part of what it means to lead:
“Leadership isn’t just about making decisions today—it’s about ensuring others have the chance to lead tomorrow. Supporting the Foundation honors the legacy of past leaders and advances opportunities for future leaders,” he said.
This campaign is an invitation to every cattleman and woman across the state to take part in something lasting. Together, cattle producers can strengthen the programs that shape future leaders, provide scholarships that open doors and offer relief when disaster strikes. Giving back is not just an act of generosity—it’s a commitment to the next generation of Kentucky cattlemen.
To learn more about the campaign and how to give, visit www.kycattle. org/foundation or contact the KCA office at (859) 278-0899.
BEEF CHECKOFF COLLECTION
WHO IS RESPONSIBLE FOR REMITTING THE CHECKOFF ASSESSMENT?
BUYER
Generally the Buyer is responsible for collecting the Beef Checkoff assessment from the Seller
SELLER
50¢
QUALIFIED STATE BEEF COUNCIL
However, both the Buyer and the Seller are responsible for seeing that the Checkoff is collected and paid. or pays $2 to $1.50
Cattlemen’s Beef Board invests in national Checkoff programs, while Kentucky Beef Council invests in state programs.
If you are a producer from one of these seven states - Alaska, Connecticut, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Rhode Island - you will remit directly to the Cattlemen’s Beef Board. If you have any questions regarding who is responsible for remitting the Checkoff assessment or how to remit payment, please contact your State Beef Council or the Cattlemen’s Beef Board at (303) 867-6304.
3 Exceptions to Beef Checkoff Collection: 1. Non-producer status: If a person (or company) owns cattle for 10 days or less, purchases the cattle to facilitate the transfer of ownership to a third party, and certifies that any Checkoff dollars due from the previous owner have been collected, then that person qualifies as a “Non-Producer” and the Checkoff assessment is not due when qualified cattle are resold. 2. Organic Exemption: In the 2002 Farm Bill, Congress created a process exemptiing organic producers from paying Checkoff program assessments. 3. Pre-Payment: Producers can also choose to “prepay” the Checkoff assessment when shipping cattle out of state for feeding and still retain ownership on the cattle. This allows the producer to direct half of the $1-per-head national Checkoff assessment to the beef council in the state where the cattle were raised, rather than the state where the cattle will be fed. Note: To claim any of these exemptions, the person selling the cattle must provide the proper ‘document’ to show that the Checkoff assessment is not due at the time of sale. Thus, the rule of thumb for all cattle sales is that the person paying the producer should collect either a “Dollar or a Document.”
LIVESTOCK MARKET - When cattle are sold through a livestock market or video market, the Market collects and remits the Beef Checkoff assessment.
CATTLE DEALER/ORDER BUYER - When cattle are sold to a Cattle Dealer or Order Buyer, the Dealer/Order Buyer collects and remits the Beef Checkoff assessment.
ANOTHER PRODUCER - Both the Buyer and the Seller are responsible for making sure that the Beef Checkoff assessment is collected and remitted. For clarity and consistency, we encourage the Seller to take on this compliance responsibility.
VEAL GROWER - When dairy calves are sold to a Veal Grower, both the Buyer and the Seller are responsible for making sure that the Beef Checkoff assessment is collected and remitted. For clarity and consistency, we encourage the Seller to take on this compliance responsibility.
CATTLE SHOWS AND FAIRS - When producers sell their animals at fairs or cattle shows (4H/FFA shows, Purebred cattle shows, etc.), the Organization that runs the sale collects and remits the Beef Checkoff assessment.
FEEDLOT - When cattle are sold directy to a feedlot, the Feedlot collects and remits the Beef Checkoff assessment.
PACKING PLANT - When cattle are sold to a packing plant, the Packing Plant collects and remits the Beef Checkoff assessment.
DIRECT-TO-CONSUMER BEEF SALES - When producers market their cattle as beef, the Producer is responsible for remitting the Beef Checkoff assessment.
The
Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of an individual’s income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410 or call (800) 795-3272 (voice)
2025-26 MEMBERSHIP APPLICATION
* MEMBERSHIP YEAR 10/1/25– 9/30/26
NAME SPOUSE NAME FARM NAME
*Payments of KCA membership dues are tax deductible for most members as an ordinary and necessary business expense. However, charitable contributions of gifts to KCA are not tax deductible for Federal Income Tax purposes. Due to new IRS regulations, $2.24 of your dues would not be deductible. Approximately $12 of your dues will go towards the monthly publication Cow Country.
PLEASE CHECK THE MEMBERSHIP(S) YOU WOULD LIKE TO JOIN:
KCA MEMBERSHIP ($30/YR) NEW RENEWAL
Membership dues are $30 unless otherwise listed below
KCA COUPLE MEMBERSHIP
To add your spouse, please add $15 to your KCA Membership
KENTUCKY JUNIOR CATTLEMEN’S ASSOCIATION ($10/YR) NEW RENEWAL
I WOULD LIKE ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON THE YOUNG PRODUCER’S COUNCIL
TOTAL MEMBERSHIP:
$ KCA
$ KJCA
TOTAL CONTRIBUTIONS:
$ CATTLEMEN’S FOUNDATION DONATION (voluntary)
TOTAL AMOUNT ENCLOSED:
$ ALL DONATIONS TO KCF ARE TAX DEDUCTIBLE
COUNTY DUES
Dues are $30 except for the counties listed below.
Allen...............................$40
Anderson........................$25
Boyle ..............................$35
Bullitt..............................$20
Butler..............................$25
Franklin ..........................$25
Louisville Area ................$20 (Jefferson, & Spencer) Magoffin .........................$20 Menifee ..........................$25
IF YOU WOULD ALSO LIKE TO JOIN THE NATIONAL CATTLEMEN’S BEEF ASSOCIATION The NCBA is now a State Marketing Partner with the KCA. You can pay your dues to both organizations with one check, at the same time.
Kentucky Beef Council Cross Country State Championship
Kelly Baird KBC Director of Communications
The Kentucky Beef Council Cross Country State Championships hosted by the Kentucky High School Athletics Association (KHSAA), took place on Saturday, Nov. 1 at the Kentucky Horse Park. Nearly 1,500 athletes from across the commonwealth competed at the state level. Alongside these athletes were parents, guardians, athletic trainers, coaches and more fans.
This year, Kentucky Beef Council was the title sponsor. Our presence was front and center through the entirety of the event. The KBC logo was featured on all medals, plaques, team awards and on all official apparel sold. This provided broad visibility and extended our reach past the one-day event. When you walk down the halls of a high school, you often see state championship plaques proudly displayed
in glass cases. Now, our logo will be there too, celebrating those achievements and shining a light on the beef industry in schools across Kentucky.
We also hosted an interactive booth, where members of Kentucky Team Beef engaged with runners and spectators about beef facts and more.
With thousands in attendance, the Kentucky Beef Council Cross Country State Championships showcased not only the state’s top running talent but also the shared values of hard work, determination and community that unite Kentucky’s athletes and agricultural producers. This event served as a powerful platform for showcasing the beef industry in Kentucky.
Beef Advance Class 1 – Session 4 Recap
Amelia Carter KBC Director of Industry Relations
PIKEVILLE, KY – The fourth session of Beef Advance brought participants to Region 4.
The session began with a day dedicated to media and spokesperson training led by Sarah Metzler of the Cattlemen’s Beef Board. Metzler reviewed how the Beef Checkoff works to increase beef demand and how producers’ voices play a vital role in that mission. Participants practiced message development and delivery through a variety of real-world scenarios. The group plans to continue working with Metzler in the months ahead to keep refining those skills.
The next day featured education from the Kentucky Department of Agriculture. Dr. Beth Johnson from the Office of the State Veterinarian discussed the importance of animal disease traceability and the potential threat posed by foreign animal diseases, including New World screwworm, and what an outbreak could mean for Kentucky producers. From the
Emergency Management Division, Trent Prewitt and Greg Shanks discussed the importance of advanced biosecurity preparedness and how the development of a certifiable Secure Beef Supply Plan would help protect cattle operations and ensure business continuity in the event of a disease emergency.
Annie Hennen with the U.S. Meat Export Federation followed with an overview of how global trade drives value back home. Returning more than $140 per head of fed cattle, she explained how exports open new markets for U.S. beef, build a demand for variety meats that have limited value domestically, and work with partners around the world to create products that fit international consumers’ tastes.
The final day highlighted how Eastern Kentucky’s landscape continues to evolve, as Tyler Ferguson of Blessed Ridge Farms led tours showing how modern mining practices make way for productive farmland. At Ridgeline
Coal, James Fairchild spoke about the importance of mining to the local economy and their commitment to responsible reclamation practices that preserve land value for generations to come. At his own operation, Ferguson shared how his family has built a successful cattle enterprise on reclaimed ground, demonstrating how thoughtful management and stewardship can create lasting productivity. The final stop at Apple-Atcha Orchard, a commercial apple operation led by Ryan Wilson, offered another example of how reclaimed land continues to serve the community through innovative agricultural use.
Participants left the session inspired by how communication, trade and land stewardship continue to move Kentucky’s beef industry forward. The class will gather in Louisville and Owensboro in January for their fifth and final session and graduation.
Did You Know? Kentucky Beef Network Programs at Work
Becky Thompson Director, Kentucky Beef Network
Kentucky cattlemen and women are putting new ideas to work every day—improving herd health, grazing systems, and marketing opportunities with support from the Kentucky Beef Network, University of Kentucky, and the Kentucky Agricultural Development Fund. From applying BQCA best practices to building laborsaving winter-feeding systems and mentoring youth through hands-on cattle activities, these programs share one goal: helping Kentucky’s beef community succeed for generations to come.
Here are a few “Did You Know?” moments from the past year showcasing how we are making a difference across Kentucky’s beef community.
Advanced Post-Weaning Value Added Program (PVAP)
Did you know producers participating in the Advanced PVAP earned an average of $306 more per head than the Kentucky state average? “It proved that record-keeping and planning ahead for marketing pay off,” said a participant from Christian County. Calves sold $4.58 per cwt above market averages, and producers from 12 counties shared close-out data.
Protecting Your Farm: Beef Quality Care Assurance
Did you know more than 2,000 Kentucky producers and students earned their Beef Quality and Care Assurance (BQCA) certification in 2025; a 10% increase from the previous year? BQCA trainings are offered through classroom and handson, practical learning experiences. “The chute-side training was one of the most useful programs I’ve ever attended,” said a Barren County producer.
Agriculture Infrastructure & Mechanization
Did you know implementing winter hay feeding practices demonstrated through the Agriculture Infrastructure and Mechanization program can save 40–50% in hay use and cut feeding time by half? “I used to spend half the morning feeding and fighting mud,” said a Perry County producer who adopted a new feeding system after seeing it in action at Eden Shale Farm. Producers can explore these designs and management ideas through University of Kentucky Extension publications or on the producer resources tab at edenshalefarm.com.
KBN Facilitators
Did you know KBN Facilitators visited 379 farms and observed more than 31,000 head of cattle in just the first six months of 2025? Through farm visits, field days, and county meetings, these on-theground professionals help producers troubleshoot challenges, adopt new management practices, and connect with KBN programs that fit their goals. “Producers tell us the best part is having someone local they can call who knows their operation,” said Facilitator Jacob Settles. Cody Burke and Samantha Stamm also joined the team in August expanding our reach across Kentucky.
Diversified Cattle Production Systems – Backgrounding Short
Course
Did you know attendees at the Backgrounding Short Course estimated a potential $1,867 per head gain in value from the management practices they learned? This two-day, hands-on program at the University of Kentucky’s C. Oran Little Research
Center walked participants through bunk management, health protocols, feed mixing, and heifer development. “The hands-on sessions made it click for me—especially on feed mixing and heifer development,” shared a Woodford County participant. With 23 producers and five youth in attendance, the course gave Kentucky cattlemen the tools to improve postweaning performance and profitability on their operations.
Master Grazer
Did you know Kentucky’s Master Grazer program continues to help producers improve forage utilization, extend grazing seasons, and cut winter feeding costs? During the spring, more than 125 producers attended grazing and fencing schools where they built fences, set up watering systems, and evaluated pastures in real time. One participant shared, “Excellent instructors, great information—I’m already stockpiling fescue differently because of it.” These hands-on schools are helping cattlemen across the commonwealth strengthen their forage base and make more efficient use of every acre.
Looking Ahead
Every number and story reflects a Kentucky cattleman or woman putting new ideas to work. We continue to strengthen herd health, marketing, forages, youth development, and more. When producers have the right tools and training, Kentucky’s beef industry grows stronger together.
Follow the Kentucky Beef Network on Facebook to learn more about upcoming programs and opportunities.
Ben Lloyd Whitesville, KY (270) 993-1074 benlloyd0223@gmail.com
Charles Embry Cave City, KY (270) 646-5939 dale.embry@yahoo.com
Cody Burke Frankfort, KY (606) 748-4641 cody.burke2019@gmail.com
Jacob Settles Springfield, KY (859) 805-0724 jacob.settles4@yahoo.com
Samantha Stamm Wallingford, KY (606) 748-7772 sastamm14@outlook.com
Ron Shrout Winchester, KY (859) 397-5151 shroutron@aol.com
Eden Shale Update
Dan Miller Industry Coordinator, Kentucky Beef Network
On a beautiful day in mid-October, we hosted our annual Eden Shale Farm Open House. There were 65 attendees from all over the state, with a few traveling from other states to join us.
This year, the agenda was different from previous years. We started off in the barn with a very nice presentation from Sarah Wilhoite. Sarah works for the Kentucky Department for Public Health as an Environmental Health Inspection Program evaluator. Sarah has been conducting tick population surveys across Kentucky, including at Eden Shale Farm. She
did a great job of describing the tick populations and distribution across the commonwealth.
The second stop of the day was with Adam Probst with Barenbrug. Adam talked about renovating pastures using BarOptima Plus E34 Novel Endophyte Fescue. This fall, we renovated about 80 acres of pasture and hay ground using this product. This topic generated great discussion with several questions from producers.
We finished the tour with two stops with Steve Higgins, with the University of Kentucky. He
highlighted the self-feeding large bale feeder and the new Bo Renfro structure as part of the heifer feeding area. Higgins also featured his water filtration system that purifies the water in one of our 8 ft. tire water tanks.
We finished the day back at the barn with lunch for everyone. There was great conversation as everyone discussed the topics of the day over cheeseburgers. I appreciate all the presenters that created a quality agenda for the day, and thank you to everyone who came to learn with us at Eden Shale Farm.
Kentucky Hereford Association
Toby & Debby Dulworth 2492 S. Kirkman Road LaCenter, KY 42056 (270) 224-2993 • dogwood@brtc.net Herefords that thrive on forages. www.dogwoodherefords.com
“Breeding Polled Herefords for over 58 Years” Breeding cattle for sale at all times. 1999 Walnut Hill Rd. Lexington, KY 40515 (859) 271-9086 cell (859)533-3790
WATSON LAND
Matt,
& CATTLE
STOCK
Tucker Stock Farms
“Registered Angus and Polled Herefords”
“Breeding Polled Herefords for over 58 Years” Breeding cattle for sale at all times.
1999 Walnut Hill Rd. Lexington, KY 40515 (859) 271-9086 cell (859)533-3790
John Tucker II 1790 Hidden Valley Lane Hudson, KY 40145 270-617-0301
Shawn, Melissa, Devin & Dylan Gibson (270) 337-3072 or (270) 692-5304 Dennis & Emily 270/337-2128 or 270/402-4338
Jimmy Gilles 5160 Lee Rudy Road Owensboro, KY 42301 (270) 929-5370 jcgilles86@gmail.com
RANDOLPH FARM
JOHNSON FARMS ANGUS
Gil, Mary, Corbin, Caroline, and Catherine Cowles 500 Rockfield Richpond Road Rockfield, KY 42274 (270) 843-9021 • Fax (270) 843-9005
HERITAGE FARM
Gil, Mary, Corbin, Caroline, and Catherine Cowles 500 Rockfield Richpond Road Rockfield, KY 42274 (270) 843-9021 • Fax (270) 843-9005 Located 7 miles west of Bowling Green, 1/2
Tom McGinnis 1024 Hinkle Lane • Shelbyville, KY (502) 633-1634, home • (502) 633-5100, work (502) 655-0164, cell
Located 7 miles west of Bowling Green, 1/2 mile off Hwy 68/80
Mary Jayne and Victoria Cannon 4619 Cherry Grove Rd Flemingsburg, KY 41041 606-748-5420 www.cannonangusfarm.com
Angus Bulls & Females Slaughters, KY
6550 Highway 330 Owenton, KY 40359
Carter Randolph: (513) 543-4343
Keith: (270) 635-0723
Nick Sarky: (513) 262-9846
Reese: (270) 635-1137
patty@randolphfarmoperations.com
Bulls Available
TAMME VALLEY FARM
SMITHLAND ANGUS FARM 5202 East Hwy 80, Russell Springs, KY 42642 Charles “Bud” & Pam Smith: (270) 866-3898 Henry & Melissa Smith: (270) 866-2311
Jacob Tamme, Owner-Operator (859) 583-7134 jacob.tamme@gmail.com www.tammevalley.com & Find us on Facebook!
KENTUCKY ANGUS ASSOCIATION MEMBERSHIP APPLICATION
Return to: Shayna Gibson 1535 Fallen Timber Road New Castle, KY 40050 • Annual Dues $35
FARM
Tamme,
The 2026 NJAS is coming to the Kentucky Fair and Exposition Center in Louisville, KY, July 11-18, 2026.
Join us for an exciting week filled with fun, friends, unforgettable memories, and the opportunity to show alongside the nation's best Angus cattle! We encourage all Angus juniors and their families to participate in the best week of the summer!
Contact Chairman Henry Smith to get involved (606) 271-7520
July 11-18, 2026
SIMMENTAL
KEVIN AND RACHEL BARRON
Crestwood, Ky
(502) 905-5851
rkbarron812@gmail.com
SWAIN SELECT SIMMENTAL 12113 Green Valley Dr. Louisville, KY 40243 swainselect.com swainselect@gmail.com facebook.com/swainselectsimmental
Fred & Phyllis: 502-599-4560 Chi & Angie: 502-287-2116
JUDY AND RONDAL DAWSON 1156 Buzzard Roost Road Shelbyville, KY 40065 502-593-5136 • jrdawson22@outlook.com
JEROD METZGER • 270-779-6260
ROCKING P LIVESTOCK 8308 Orangeburg Road Maysville, KY 41056
BRIAN & HEATHER SWAIN 3906 Pottertown Road Murray, KY 42071 • 270-293-4440
wksbswain@murray-ky.net
SIMMENTAL AND SIMANGUS BULLS FOR SALE
1939 Huntertown Road
Versailles, KY 40383
BULLS FOR SALE
Chris Allen 859-351-4486
callenuky@hotmail.com
Dr. Henry Allen 859-229-0755
Simmental calves are champions of the scale.
They reliably outperform straightbred calves in the feedyard — with better growth, better structure and fewer health problems.
They add pounds without sacrificing marbling, and they come with the IGS Feeder Profit Calculator, which factors genetics, health and management into true value.
Want low-risk, high-potential calves with earning capability?
406-587-4531 • simmental.org
BRET AND LAURA JACKSON 859.533.3718 or 859.707.7200
BRET & LAURA JACKSON Paris, Kentucky (859) 533-3718 (859) 707-7200
Barry, Beth & Ben Racke • Brad Racke 7416 Tippenhauer Rd. • Cold Spring, KY 41076
Eddie Reynolds 277 Old Bee Lick Rd. Crab Orchard, KY 40419
Call Carrie Derossett for more information. (270) 404-0828
Phone (859) 635-3832 • Barry cell (859) 991-1992
606-379-2281(H) 606-305-1972(C) Bulls & Females for sale
BRIAN W. DYER, DVM
Owner/Manager
GELBVIEH/BALANCERS
PLEASANT MEADOWS FARM
Entry and room information available at www.gelbvieh.org (Juniors/Regional Shows/AGJA Eastern Regional)
Gary & Pat Tilghman
2050 Glasgow Road Burkesville, KY 42717
Brad cell (859) 393-3677 • Ben cell (859) 393-3730 Fax (859) 635-3832 • bar4@twc.com FULL CIRCLE FARMS
Registered Gelbvieh Cattle
Lindsey Tilghman Jones Family
HEDGESPETH LIVESTOCK GELBVIEH/BALANCER CATTLE-COMMERCIAL HEIFERS 543 Pleasant Run Church Road • Campbellsville, KY 42718 sam.hedgespeth@gmail.com • Sam-270.299.5449 Seth-270.932.1615 Dan-606.686.1679 Andrew-270.405.1990
BEE LICK GELBVIEHS
PADON FARMS
Eddie Reynolds 277 Old Bee Lick Rd. Crab Orchard, KY 40419
606-379-2281(H) 606-305-1972(C) Bulls & Females for sale
GELBVIEH BULLS & FEMALES FOR SALE 1012 Shelby Road • Salem, KY 42078 Thad Padon (270) 836-5518
BRAY’S GELBVIEH CATTLE
Niles & Betty K Bray 1568 Bray Ridge Road Bedford, KY 40006 (502) 255-3584
Frank McAninch 1341 Iven Godby Road Liberty, KY 42539 606-787-0120 richhillfarm@windstream.net
SALERS THE BALANCED BREED
CLASSIFIEDS
REGISTERED RED ANGUS BULLS FOR SALE
* FREE DELIVERY * FOUR WINDS
PERFORMANCE TESTED PUREBRED ANGUS BULLS FOR SALE Call 270-202-7186 for more info or check out www.oakhollowangus.com for current availability.
POLLED HERFORD BULLS FOR SALE
19–20-month-old Polled Hereford bulls. Good selection. Low birthweight, medium frame. Free Delivery Available. JMS Polled Herefords, Knifley, KY Danny 270-566-2694 Trent 270-566-2000
RED FULLBLOOD LIMOUSIN BLACK PUREBRED LIMOUSIN For sale year-round at farms. Cows, bulls, heifers and semen A C H Holdings, Bowling Green, KY Stephen Haynes 270-799-8685
DIAMOND J SALERS
Donald Johnson • 11660 N. Hwy 1247 • Eubank, KY 42564 606-379-1558
DIAMOND J SALERS
WILLIS FARMS
Donald Johnson • 11660 N. Hwy 1247 • Eubank, KY 42564 606-305-8747
Danny Willis • 964 Johnson Rd • Frankfort, KY 40601 • 502-803-5011 drwc21@aol.com • Purebred + Optimizer Breeding bulls & Heifers for sale.
DEL-SU FARM
WILLIS FARMS
Howard & Sue Edwards • 420 Rose Rd • Somerset, KY 42501 606-679-1675 • Jeriah Privett • 606-416-1154
Danny Willis • 964 Johnson Rd • Frankfort, KY 40601 502-803-5011 • drwc21@aol.com
KNOB LICK FARM - BULLS & HEIFERS FOR SALE Larry Cox • Tina Cox-Lynch • Amanda Cox Gibson • 1315 Knob Lick Road • Irvine, KY 40336 • 606-723-3077 • 606-975-1716
BREEDING AGE HEREFORD BULLS FOR SALE AT ALL TIMES Over 60 years of Line 1 Hereford Genetics. Groups of open and bred heifers available for sale at all times. Chambliss Hereford Farms. 270-668-7126
RED ANGUS, SIMANGUS, CHAROLAIS, ANGUS FOR SALE Red Hill Farms, Lafayette, TN, 615-666-3098 Bart, Sarah and Ty Jones
Gordon and Susan Jones, 270-991-2663
Visit us online - www.RedHillFarms.net
Contact us for cattle and semen availability. Annual Production Sales: More Than a Bull Sale – 3rd Saturday in March • Maternal Monday – 3rd Monday in May • Bulls & Females of Fall Sale – Last Saturday in October
HOT DECEMBER DEALS
John Deere 6715/6615/5403/5520
Vermeer-505 and 555 in stock
Manure spreaders-15 in stock
Esch 5607-5612 drills
Tye7 ft $15,000
John Deere 4230-$25,000
Farmco feeders- tmr feeders
Artex-200-350-600 -in stock
15 ft plant right - no till drill- new Silage wagons- stock up for spring
Call Charlie 859-608-9745
REGISTERED ANGUS BULLS Bulls 2 years old in February. Semen checked, DNA tested, CAIP eligible, birth weights and EPDS. Calving Ease & Growth, BQA. 30 Bred Heifers, due to calve beginning in late January. Metropolis, IL, 618638-7693, www.bremerbrothers.com
HEIFERS AND BULLS FOR SALE Angus and Lim-Flex Bulls. Yearlings to 2-year-old. Heifers are open and CAIP eligible, some AI-sired Delivery available. Call or text 270-589-7999
REGISTERED ANGUS BULLS FOR SALE
Yearlings and 2-Year-Old +. Private Treaty Sale Book @ Angus.Org. Semen Checked & EPDs Available. Randolph Farm, Owenton, KY, 513262-9846
The Real Cost of Limiting Nutrients
Les Anderson Beef Extension Professor, University of Kentucky
Few would argue that the last several months in Kentucky have been challenging. Our summer was marked by severe heat and drought for most producers. October finally brought some relief, but this weather pattern led many to feed hay as early as July. Even with record market prices through September, the heat/drought has taken a real toll on our cow herd and our bank accounts. Even with the recent rains, thin cows abound. Spring-calving cows have time to recover but fall-calving cows may be in trouble. Most of us realize the link between body condition score and reproductive rate. Unfortunately, many producers face the age-old decision of how much money should I put into my cows? Can I afford to feed them? So, what is the cost of letting your cows get thin? Let’s use a real-world example from a producer with a fallcalving herd that participated in UK and the Kentucky Beef Network’s MAG-60 program, which is short for Management and Genetics, 60 days post weaning. This program required the use of AI, and this farm had not used AI for their breeding program in the past. The farm had 100 fall-calving cows, and these cows weighed about 1,350 lbs. at a BCS of 5. Like this year, the farm experienced drought throughout the summer and early fall. The first farm visit required for the program occurred at the end of August just as the calving season was beginning. At this time, these cows were in good condition, averaging a BCS of a 5 with several scoring 6. Because the lack of rain resulted in limited pastures, and the producer began to feed hay on about Aug. 1. The hay was “good grass hay” with a TDN of 48% and CP of 7%. Money was tight for this producer, so they made the decision NOT to supplement these cows. Average lactating cows of this size require 60% TDN and 11% CP and were only provided 48% and 7%, respectively. So, these cows were going to lose weight. I arrived back on the farm on Nov. 21 when the timed AI was performed. The herd’s average BCS was 4. Remember, each BCS point equals about 75 pounds, so these cows were losing weight rapidly. Conception rate, either natural service or AI, can decrease by as much as 20% if cows are losing weight between calving and breeding. A 20% decline in conception rate doubles the length of time required to achieve a 90% pregnancy rate. After the insemination, the bulls were turned out for 60 days then removed. Conception date was confirmed about 40 days after the insemination and their average BCS was a weak 4, so the cows likely lost another 30 pounds or so of body weight. Reproductive performance was terrible. Only 29 conceived to the AI, 31 conceived via natural service and 40 were OPEN!
This example may seem exaggerated, but this scenario occurs more often than we think and, if we are not aware, producers could be facing this decision again this fall. The question becomes which is the more economical management scheme; no supplementation and reduced reproduction or supplementation to meet nutrient needs.
To help determine this let’s first look at our losses. In the above scenario, 40 cows were open. Of these, likely seven would have been open regardless, so 33 calves were lost due to the reduced input management. Let’s say these 33 calves
(17 steers, 16 heifers) would have weaned at 525 pounds (550 for steers, 500 for heifers) so we lost 17,350 pounds of product. If we would have sold these calves last Monday, they would have averaged about $380 cwt for the steers and $350 cwt for the heifers. Our lost income would be about $63,350 (17x550x$3.80=$35,530 and 16x500x$3.50=$28,000).
Now, let’s look at what could have happened. What would it cost to supplement these cows to maintain their weight for this period? To meet their nutrient needs, these cows would need about 12 pounds of a soy hulls/distillers grain supplement mixed at a ratio of 2:1. The cost of this supplement this fall would have averaged $240 per ton for the feeding period which lasted from Sept. 1 to bull removal on Feb. 1 or 123 days. So, the cost of supplementation would be about $17,712 ($0.12 per pound x 12 pounds x 123 days x 100 cows = $17,712).
Wow. Invest about $17K to return $63K! Deciding to invest in the BCS of the herd in this real-life example was nearly a fourfold return on investment. It’s not hard to understand that in today’s market, every calf sold is significant revenue but making the decision to maintain the BCS is simply good business even when the market value is lower. Remember, you are not “spending money” on your cows when you feed them to maintain a BCS of 5 or greater. You are making a wise investment!
Spring-Calving Cow Herd
• Be sure that weaned heifer calves are on a feeding program that will enable them to reach about 65% of their mature weight before the start of the breeding season. Rations should be balanced to achieve gains sufficient to get heifers from their current weight to that “target” weight. Heifers should reach their target weight approximately 30 days before the start of the breeding season.
• Body condition is important; plan an adequate winter program for cows to be at least body condition score 5 (carrying enough flesh to cover the ribs) before the calving and breeding season. This will help them breed early in the spring. Thin cows should be fed to regain body condition prior to winter. Don’t let cows lose weight/ condition. Supplementation will most likely be needed. Find low-cost supplemental feeds to meet the nutrient needs of cattle.
• Divide the herd into groups for winter feeding:
• weaned heifer calves
• first-calf heifers, second-calvers and thin mature cows
• the remainder of the dry cows which are in good body condition
• herd sires
• Begin feeding the lowest quality forage to dry cows which are in good condition during early winter and save the best hay for calving time or for weaned calves.
• Order and number ear tags for next year’s calf crop this winter. It is also a good time to catch up on freeze branding and replacing lost ear tags.
Fall-calving herds
• The fall breeding season has started. Breeding can best be accomplished on stockpiled fescue pasture; otherwise, cows with calves should be fed 25-30 pounds of good quality hay or its equivalent. Supplement with grain, if needed, and minimize hay waste. DON’T ALLOW THESE COWS TO LOSE BODY CONDITION PRIOR TO OR DURING THE BREEDING SEASON. It is easy to wait too long to start winter feeding.
• If you haven’t turned bulls out yet, have a Breeding Soundness Evaluation (BSE) performed on them (even if you used them this spring). A BSE is a risk management tool as BSE’s accurately identify infertile bulls.
• Observe performance of bulls during
breeding season. Watch cows for return to estrus, if you see several in heat, try to determine the cause and consider changing bulls.
General
• Complete soil testing pastures to check for fertility and pH.
• Consider putting down geotextile fabric and covering with gravel in feeding areas before you begin hay feeding to minimize waste of expensive hay. Or, perhaps, construct concrete feeding pads for winter feeding areas.
• Another option to consider for winter feeding is bale grazing. Bale grazing helps spread nutrients across the field and can have regenerative effects on your pastures.
• Monitor body condition and increase feed, if needed, for all classes of cattle. It often gets cold in December, and the nutrients needs of cattle increase as temperatures fall below their comfort level. Be especially mindful of cold, wet conditions and increase energy availability. Consult your nutritionist to ensure that your rations are meeting the nutrient requirements during stressful weather.
GrowsGratitudeHere
At Central Kentucky Ag Credit, we are proud to serve the hardworking livestock producers who form the heart of our rural communities. Your dedication, resilience, and long hours do not go unnoticed—and we appreciate every day the vital role you play in strengthening agriculture.
As Christmas approaches, we wish you and your loved ones moments of well-earned rest, heartfelt joy, and the quiet peace that makes this season so special. Thank you for everything you do. Wishing you a warm and joyful holiday season. — Your Local Ag Lender
