Social Housing in the European Union
In its decision-making practices concerning state aid, the European Commission has presently adopted a restrictive definition of social housing, which only targets disadvantaged groups. While this definition might be appropriate for residual social housing models, it does not fit the universalistic model, where social housing is intended for all citizens with the aim of developing socially mixed neighbourhoods. To meet the requirements of the Treaty and achieve the social inclusion targets of Europe 2020, it appears necessary to extend the current definition of social housing through a democratic process in which the different Member States can bring their own experience to achieve the recognition of their welfare tradition. Finally, this briefing note highlights the growing debate concerning the necessity of a common definition of social housing and its mission. On the one hand, social housing needs are becoming very diversified and new/innovative housing policies are required for specific target groups, yet on the other hand almost all states recognise the importance of supporting the provision of decent and affordable housing in a broader context. Homogenising the sector could make all public actions easier and more effective, including the implementation of European policies. Global needs require global actions. However, the analysis conducted in this briefing note appears to suggest that providing a single definition of Social Housing at the EU level would be rather problematic, with too many differences present in the models adopted by different countries. Adopting a common and uniform definition could be possible after a democratic debate between States exploiting positive externalities from specific welfare experiences and traditions. The resulting definition could be much broader than currently adopted in the legislation on competition.
PE 492.469
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