Old Guildford

I.

—THE

Or.AMM.ir. SCHOOL.

GUILDFORD mil ERE --

few

views in

arc fairer

En<il:ui(l

Catherine's ruined Ibispilal

fiinl,

(iiiild-

(if

on

tun

its

liillsjwilliilsriver lliroiiyli

wiiiiliiii^

be-

valley

llie

tween. Tlieiiame of

the

ciimisjh

Iciiuls Till-:

BAILINIIS,

HOLY TEINITY.

in

spleniliil situation,

all

of interest-

ing historical qu6stions

the

is

itself

suggest

to

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

])lace

;

ami

the antiiiuity of some of the

Norman

has a

eastle or

cha)ii'l

and tlie'l'nwn

in

the

the churches,

to

accessible from

Tewkesbury

tecture,

London.

make

Peojilt!

the

go

is

too

Street, close to the railway station. it

not strange that with so

maiiy attractions of Guildford does

not

seem

to

the guide-books, that off in

liave

been

Guildford

is

to

the visitor.

noticed, even

remarkably well and ;

good examples of domestic architecture 397

in

surprising

jilaee

so easily

to (iloucester or

close

way old

By

much worthy

visible.

the way,

is

of imitation

by, sueh a structure as that same

new

rail-

station should have been erected to disfigin'c the

town?

Unfortunately, similar buililings by the

Park Street

It

is

near to be

enough tlie

u

famous

place

it

There are some gabled cottages with high-railed stcjis, sueh as artists go to the Continent to sketch, in Park

score are disjdaciug the old Imnses.

to

uiljinutthe

to look at jiatterns of domestic archi-

while Guildford

architectural features,

and the heauty of others, are add association and pieturesqucness to

.Abbot's

i>ulskii-ls.

liall are cnnut;-!!.

among architectural students; ami how little ha-s been done to illustrate to

two very

castle,

and the other in the century, to say nothing of St.

best style of the last

comprise

tlie

it

churches, one medireval

tlian lliose whicli

liiuii

11.

besides old houses, fine

will soon,

their neighbours.

Of

])lain,

its

little

in

of is

simple, well-

red-brick house, such as A\'rcn

have designed, with

fate

a totally dilferent character

a brewery close to the bridge, a ])roportioned

The cottages

no doubl, share the

pediment and

might its dee])

—

;

THE MA(}AZINE OF

•206

toward

cornice.

I' j)

the

are one or

two

siniiiur houses,

liill

also,

and across the bridge, on tbe same there

is,

(juite so <;'ood

style.

chapels for altars, while daylight was with him quite

remnant of

what must once have been a very beautiful

Aune

:

side of the way,

at the corner of Friary Street, a

in the best tiueen

even emblematie. The object of the niedia?val builder was fulfilled if he could provide chantries and side

west, tliere

tlie

but not

The upper

a secondary matter, as the want of

still

but the lower part has been cut away for a shop-frout.

same features which are so out of place in a modern building of almost any kind low vaulted aisles, a " dim religious light " through small pointed windows tilled with coloured glass, and walls covered with mysterious paintings of grim and ghostly saints,

—

Turning aside into Quarry Street, and passing the truncated apse of the nld church, said to have lieen pulled d(jwn to let the Prince Regent's carriage pass

way

on his

Brighton, we come on the right to two

to

(v.), which were originallj- only one, with curious ]daster-work decorations, eross-mullioned

Most

window.s, a carved wooden cornice, and other signs of

deservedly

houses

peoiile like to see

famous,

while close

St. Mary's is hand we may

at

study the

from the time of Charles II. but nearly opposite, at the

effect of similar

wrong

features in the

place,

older

and only to be considered in a genuine state wdiere

bow-window

the copier has failed in his

much

castle gate, is a

house, with a

such things, in their jiroper

place and in genuine condition, and

They probably date

age.

where caudles

—

remains, and shows a deej) cornice and carved capitals,

small

it,

wore coustantly provided by the faithful, need never be felt.

Accordingly we have in St. IMary's the features we most admire in an ancient church the

l)uilding,

part

ART.

and an archway of Gothic form adjoining. This house

copy.

am

sorry to say, the

last

from the and replaces the still older Norman gatehouse, of which

to

acknowledge

and

probably

dates

time of James

the buttresses

sides

and

Mary's

St.

St. Catherine's

there

liut

it

Chapel,

at

Way,

few years

mock-Gothic mania, was made to imitate a respectful distance

the old Church of St. Mary,

with

dark

its

general

a fine

is

a

rebuilt

of the

Church

very dilapi-

castle is

dated,

j

ago, during the prevalence

be-

Guildford has a good store.

The

it

western bank of the

was

remain.

still

I

are,

wdien St. Nicholas, on the

I.,

Of Gothic fragments,

Architects

aisles

and

inconvenience,

in-

" under the " Angel

stead of the light, whole-

Inn, and, I believe, another

some, airy, and convenient

cryjjt

on the the

southern

Holy

of

The Pointed

street.

style

side

window

the

in

flickers

still

Trinity

;

such

are

the aberrations of pojiular

In the Surrey guide-

taste.

which is simjile and dignified, and admir-

by John Timbs, we read that Holy Trinity is " an ugly red-brick building, though of late somewhat redeemed by the removal of three forlorn clipped yews, and laying

ably suited to

out the churchyard in ceme-

chapel

Gram-

Hospital, and in the

mar School

book, written, I believe,

of Abbot's

the late

But the more

(i.).

prettiest buildings are

modern.

I

confess

to

a

great admiration for Trinity

Church,

The wide span

its

jnu'iiose.

of tlu-

tery style."

ilat

some

and the abundant light which pours through coiling,

the arched windows,

in

make

Mary's

is

it

and

hill

The

old

above should

not be

missed.

The

St.

very striking, and

the way,

the said cemetery, and the view from the top of the

which' to see and hear,

contrast between

By

charming

houses are at the back of

the church a very good one

as well as to wnrslii]i.

very

III.

—

AJ;I1UT S

HOSPITAL

:

THE COLUTYAED.

the

jirettiest

Hiiih

Street

houses in are

not

267

CUILDIOKI).

on

(iiiiUU'cinl

the

'

liis

Lyon/ the

lied

He

lately lay in."

and the

hospital

was "

and

forJ,

which

form

^^

x:^'

"

the

and

and

in

lI'iGS

us of showing his wife

tells

"and Deb" Archbishop Abin

and

(vii.),

the

of

rest

but,

rebuilt

wiis

contrary

in

17(3

17-"5], lon<;;

houses

(vi.)

is

of

it

may

by

It is

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;TWKNTT-FIVE,

IIIRII STliEET.

greatly disfigured by a

up against east.

I

As

the hills. " .Medieval ri<ltje

two

is

in

few doors

it a very pretty house (iv.) of limber, painted white, and apjiears to date from

the reij^n of Charles is

A

such a place. is

I.

;

or thereabouts.

The

desii,ru

semi-classical, with Hat pilasters betweeir the beau-

tiful

eross-mullioned windows.

As the whole

front

hiyh road

liii-e

])asscs throu<;-li

has well

Thames A'allcy,

i>ut

a j;'ap

in

his

in

it

chalk

,i;reat

thou,i;h i;ciicrally

uubr.'kcu from Kcin'ate to l''arnhain,

at Dorkinf^,

The

I'oi-il.

ti-rcater

and that of the jjart

the

of

traversed

is

Wcy

the

(luild-

at

town

iiKHliaai

liy

of

apart, that

miles

about twelve

n'orii-es

^SFole

hnudi'U

i'roni

Military .Vnlntecture," the

should have taken care that im harm was done to the view. Perhaps an andiiteel was employed, but even a local builder sliould havi' hesitated to carry in question

Hall

we were

Lj'uilds

which forms the bulwark of London, and the

sdulhcru limit of the

Town

thai

'I'lic

Clark

.Mr.

suppose the local anthoritics had no jiwwcr to pit'vent the perpetration of this ^'alKlalism, Imt the biiikers

above the

assume

will

tlic

that

si]

kuiiwii as far back as his time.

IV.

blocking out the viiw fium the

out such a desii^n

AU'rcil,

of

(iiiild-

is its

Kiiiii,-

i]):\\

hideous banking-house, which was built it last year,

is

I'diil

(pf

interest-

history

name, mentioned in

the town

1 l^iS:J,

the date on the clock.

most the

in

tliiiiL;'

inn'

though much

be older than

tlie

(juildford

of domestic archi-

J'crliaps the

1,

]U'obably did not

exist in his time,

Hut

tecture.

to the practice

iiicnliniicil

ll'it

and

make

wliicli

museum

a

modern monuments were serupidously respected.

The Town Hall I'epys,

a

Anne's

after (â&#x20AC;˘luccn

enunu'ratr half

caiiniit

I

" restorers," the

of

of

death, in North Street.

the

tombs there, of which he remarks that they "are kept mighty clean and neat with This curtains liefore them." church

remains

are

there

niar School, and anotluT, dated

and his monuHoly Trinity Church

Iwt's Hospital,

ment

dates

I>nt

time of the Stuarts,

handsome Jacobean f^atcway and some very ancient houses \ yood in tlie courtyard. " si)ecimen of " Queen Anne is a little beyond the (irani-

on several

other occasions, and

The "White Hart"

fioni the

by the

l'~>>,

>rronp

pleasint^

been rc-fronled,

lias

Red Lion,"

exists,

still

very

a

(viii.).

He mentions (luild-

Mayster."

street

four liouscs, Nos. 125 to

visited the

treated

civilly

No.

best inne,

school,

\hh\\\

work over the vi'iy eorreet Classiial :J'.), and on tlie oiijiosite side of the

IVsIudu of

room the kin

in the

and lay

Miv, l(i()l, l'f|)ys passvd Uiroiiyh way from Povtsmouth, ami slept "at

In

(iMcsi.

till'

is

(.n

the eastern side of the river; but there are indications in the local

and

names

tiiat

anciently

was not

if

the building- of the castle, jirobahly in

so,

the r.i-u

lleury IL, may have attracted the inhabitants from the opposite bank. The <hicf lh..r..u-hl'arc, the High Street, iscoutinui'd acmss the hrid-v, and

of

and as it is of a kind very rare in England, where we are more disjiosed to admire the "halftimbered" cottage style, it seems well worth while to call attention to it." In Canada, New Zealand, and other countries where. stone is dear and bad, and wood

thus exists on both banks of the river, a ran' cx.implc.

After the death of Kthelwald, King All'ivd's nephew, to wh<an he had bccpa'athcd " (Jyldfor.l," it reverted

is cheap and good, such a design as this iniuht be verv suitable, esjiecially when dignity as well as

Cartel-.

is

perfect,

beauty often

is

roquired.

Timber eonstni

lend itself to anything

Although

but

-tion

uiei'e

does not pretline^^s.

nndersland that the fortunate iirojiricfMr worthy care of it, sc appreciated locally that I Cculd not find a

I

to

tlie

Crown, and

so

some seven

continued for

when .lames L gave the castle The town had, in L;rcat part at

centuries,

built

on various private

reckone<l

tlie

co\inly

town

dnwns which surrounded western l)ank

of

the

Imldiiigs,

it,

of

and

and

Surrey. tiie

to Francis

been

Ica-'l,

was

oltrii

The wild

park

(.ii

the

the ^^'ey, were no doubt a great

Norman

kings.

Henry IIL

also

of this lovelv dwellinii" takes

attraction

little

visited Guildford fre.jnenfly, and we read of a great extension and repair of the castle accommodation in

is

it

photograph of

it

in

the b.wii.

Tlierc

is

some pretty

i<>

THE MAGAZINE OF ART.

268 iiis

time,

JOdward

dl' :i]i:irtiiirnts

I.,

and

ol'

luiilt

for

liis

wit, opposite the king's seat, "

and

son, afterwards

painting's executed in the

The Story

liall,

to

of Dives

La/.arns," and also, on the seat itself, " a eer-

Latterly

tain ligure with beasts," probahly heraldie.

the castle heeanie a kind of county gaol for Sussex as

well

Surrey.

as

history until

James

It I.

plays

gave

it

no further part

away

in

IGH,

V.

after

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;aUARKTT

in it

least Crown property.

The grantee, the first private owner since the days of Alfred's nephew Ethelwald, was Francis Carter,

and the family initials may still be seen over the entrance in Quarry Sti-eet. The castle was purchased

by Sir Fletcher Norton, created Lord Grantley in 17SJ. He was Recorder of Guildford at the time, but it seems probable that the Carters were the last

They made many

alterations in the futile endeavour to

fit

a

Norman

keep for the habitation of a modern family.

Their

may

be gathered from a single sentence " The first or state floor in Mr. Clark's description

difficulties

:

was about thirty feet high." Imagine the wall-paper, curtains, and furniture requisite, to say nothing of the fuel, to

make such

gigantic halls comfortable for

a middle-class hou.sehold of moderate means.

dilapidated,

After

was sold on the

it

July (ISST))

Stli ol' last

to the Corporation of (iuildford for ,1:2,01)0,

he laid out, as lloeliester Castle has

and

is

to

been, for the

recreation of the peoi)le of the town.

Tt occupies

natural jilatforni of aliout six acres, but

little

is

a

left

except the walls of the keep, a rare example of a square tower on an

STREET, WITH ST.

had been for seven centuries at

to use the castle as a residence.

passing througli various liands, and })eeoming' sadly

in

was granted by King Edward " in fee farm," and was and grew in wealth and extent

I'-i'-iC),

the Corporation

thenceforth free,

owing

mound.

MARTS.

The town, III. to

artiticial

to its admirable jiosition.

attended

grain

and

new

villas

(|uarter of

heights.

cattle

has

It has

still

market, and

a largely

a whole

grown up on the

Abbot's Hospital

eastern

(lu.) is very conspicuous,

monument in the church oppomemory of the three brothers, elothworker in the town, who rose to be

and, with a very fine site,

keeps alive the

sons of a

respectively

Archbishop of Canterbury,

Salisbury, and Lord

Mayor

Bishop of

of Ijondon, in the early

years of the Seventeenth Century.

It

is

often said

that the archbishop built the hospital as an expiation for having accidentally killed a keejier while hunting

But the dates will not fit.

The hospital was founded in 1617; the. accident deer in Bramshill Park.

269

i;rii,iii(ii;i).

olm-ihi-llI

bi^Iiiip

and

oil

was

ivtiivd

TiR'sihiy, imicli

hero

^Itli

July,

distrcsswl at ti>

the

lli.M.

what

liospilal

lio

I'l'i-

VI.

afterwards to one of his coniilry seats :J2nd

November

in

a

Tlio

:iiili-

Tiu'silay, tli.uiMl, Uc livevl

luul

dnno,

ui)i)er

time, and

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;HlOn ;

STKEET,

and on

tlie

the same year had a formal par-

don from Kino- James.

But ever

after he fasted on

cIkiihIht

loniji'irary

]irisiiii

oI'

ol'

(lie

until

Aus^iist, 10;i:?.

tiilraiice

Mouninulh

gati-way in

Tin-

was the

1C)S5.

WITH THE TOWN HALL. Tlicre are some pretty old-fasliioned rooms iii the hospital, which should be seen, but they seem to be somewhat neglected and out of repair: and,

THE MACiAZINE OF

270 indet'J,

mo

the wliolc plaro lonlcod to

kept ami

The the Town Hall onght

poverty-stricken.

<'haml)er of

hall

r;itlier

poorly

and council

are hoth pleasing,

date earlier than the building

itself.

To show

liow

greatlv the modern people of Guildford have declined

VII.

AKCIIBISIIOr

ABBOT

S

from the good taste of their ancestors, we have a courthouse "in the Gothic style" in North Street, and a militia barracks on the site of the old Friary founded

l)y

declare that

buildings in

Queen Eleanor. would England. it

lie

I

do not hesitate to

diflicult to find

j\Inch has been written

two uglier

and asserted as to some

well he held to o-ive a

which leads

to

an

inartistic

name

(o

Quarry

Street,

them.

Intolerance of cjood art

also to be visited.

and a chimneypieee, brought from an old house in the neighbourhood, is ornamented with curious allegorical iigures and carving fif a

They

may

ART.

is

as niucli the

age as the production of

sit;-n

of

bail art itself,

the two destructive agencies, " restora" tion and rebuilding, are very rife, and the present taste of the inhabitants being what I have de-

At Guildford

scribed, I strongly

recommend every one who

likes

TOME, HOLT TniNITY CHURCH.

It was only in go soon.

186i that Abbot's birthplace was ]iullcd down and

to see pretty old houses to

;

its fate is

very

little

worse than that of a number of

houses which have been "improved."

^Ir.

Norman

hill Shaw has designed a few and near St. Catherine's, so that the builders of the liideons new houses on the opposite heights have the

villas

on the western

All kinds of silly theories have been started about

But if any one thinks that the recent agitation against so-called " restoration " is exagger-

them, as

ated, he has only to

curious Excavations

in

the

chalk

near the

castle.

in these days are started about everything, but they are jirobably nothing Imt (jnarries, and

less excuse.

chanting walk for

walk out eastwai'd landscape and

tine

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

a.

most en-

see IMerrow.

—

^

ALEXANDKi: CAliANEL. First,

wliieh

1

here

is

an old inn,

dates, or

Groom,"

" Horse anil

tlie

102 1,

irom

dated,

but

lias

tionaml

271

Under the name of "restoration" more sins than eliarity itself

untiiiuity.

—a name that covers

been

^^^'^

'-jf,-

]]m4m.. lS;,&f

iftr^^^Ci^it 'Vj'lS^i'

- 1 ^ •

T

.

.

,..

.

/

•

'

?

-Ut_l.

VIII.

terribly

features

imllcd about

nf

late,

Close

to

it

left.

Chureli, a buildino'

famous

and the

is

lias

site

-IN

UIOII STREET.

few ancient of

Mern.w

for its beauty of situa-

it

lias

been wholly n'lmilt

lS7i.

If there

is

,

and now only dates fn.m

any old aivhiteeture

has earefully disg-uised

the restorer

left

LoniK.

\V. J.

it.

ALEXANDEE CABANEL. HIS

master of what we

the penultimate is

the eompanion

M. Gerome,

a

iM-eiich in

may

manner

]iaintiiiij,-

diseijile

eall

in

of tin-

same school and a teacher ol principles. the same technical Ilis work holds a position between the elevated art of In<'-res

and the painter-like savoir-faire between the grave younger generation achievements, on the one hand, of men who conthought, emotion, and sidered subject in painting

and of

Delacroix

the

:

—

own

qualities.

the

two

If

many

of

classes

may who aim

artists

tho.se

be

nature literally for nature's sake, and object

is

to

make

a jiieture

for a

<li\

ided

into

reproducing

at

tJio.se

jiieture's

whose

sake,

j\l.

Cabanel may be said to take the niidille place one who seeks ti> jiroduec a nature iilealisivl, and picture with

its art

at once

consummated ami

of

a

effaced.

Those of our readers who are not familiar with Ids art can best represent it to themselves Ijy imagining French, and it as that of a Leighton translated into relinement relined upon. pushed a little further

—

Lucid faces

of

women with waves

of

imjialpable

upon the white brows, the breeding,

incideid— as altogether worthy of an who aimed at lofty things, and who were learned other i-atiier than dexterous in execution, and, on the

hair dickering

hand, the successes, the triumphs, the manipulative victories of those contemporary artists in whose eyes

evokes;

painting is self-complete, and not oidy independent of tiie interest of subject, but even better without it.

M. Cabauel, and those like him, carry dexterity

picluresiiue groups, or in portraits, one ipiality is His art is commanifest, and this is comi)leteiiess.

artist's research,

to a point which has

never been

surpas.sed in

its

—

the bearing, and the dress of a Parisian mondaiiie these are among the graceful visions which his name for ^I. Cabanel

jKjrtraiture.

But whether

has done in

much work

in

historical incidents, or

in

beauty and in Cabanel was born

plete in its

M.

its

at

science.

Monti)ellier,

in

the