Bangla sanglap (Issue:15/23) by banglasanglap8

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Kviv `vwe Ki‡Z cv‡i?

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Desk report:

Starmer blamed for ‘emboldening’ anti-Semitic attackers

Sir Keir Starmer has been accused of “emboldening the forces of terror” that led to the killing of two Israeli embassy staff members in Washington DC.Yaron Lischinsky and Sarah Milgrim, who were expected to get engaged, left a reception for diplomats near the city’s Jewish museum on Wednesday night when a stranger armed with a handgun approached them and opened fire. The suspect, identified as 30-year-old Elias Rodriguez, entered the museum and was detained by security staff as witnesses rushed to help the victims, police said. Footage of his arrest shows him wearing a navy blazer, chinos, trainers, a white shirt and chanting “free, free Palestine” as he is taken away by an officer.

Amichai Chikli, Israeli diaspora affairs minister, said the world must hold to account the “irresponsible

leaders in the West who give backing” to hatred against Jews and Israelis, “whether through appeasement, double standards, or silence”. Mr Chikli said: “French president

Emmanuel Macron, British Prime Minister Keir Starmer, and Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney have all, in different ways, emboldened the forces of terror through their failure to draw moral

red lines. This cowardice has a price – and that price is paid in Jewish blood.”

Gideon Sa’ar, Israeli foreign minister, also lashed out at world leaders, and said “this is what happens when

world leaders surrender to the Palestinian terrorist propaganda. Stop your incitement against Israel. Stop your false accusations”. “I was worried… that something like this would happen – and it did. This is the direct result (of) toxic anti-Semitic incitement against Israel and Jews around the world,” Mr Sa’ar said. Mr Chikli and Mr Sa’ar’s comments came after a diplomatic crisis erupted this week when Canada, France and UK threatened to sanction Israel over its failure to end the war in Gaza and allow humanitarian aid in.The UK froze trade talks with Israel and imposed sanctions on West Bank settlers this week, drawing harsh criticism from Israel. Sir Keir has threatened Israel with “concrete actions” if it keeps restricting aid to Gaza and demanded an end to its renewed offensive.

Labour to ban over-60s from taking out student loans

Desk report:

Labour is set to ban over60s from taking out student loans after taxpayers were saddled with £50m in unpaid debt.

A shake-up of higher education funding in England will end a clause which allows older learners to take out loans which they are unlikely to ever repay. Last year, more than 1,000 students over the state pension age of 66 took money from the Student Loans Company (SLC) to cover their fees, data provided to The Telegraph under Freedom of Information rules revealed.

More than 3,800 students over the age of 60 took loans, with 1,824 also taking out maintenance loans. Since 2020, 18,127 loans have been taken by students over the age of 60.

This means that some pensioners could have received as much as £15,829 in government support, with a full maintenance loan on top of a full new state pension.

The outstanding balance

for those over 60 was £49,011,160. It comes as Labour doubles down on a Sunak-era commitment to ban those over the age of 60 from taking money from the Government to pursue degrees.

The “Lifeline Learning Entitlement” will replace the existing higher-education funding system and will provide all new learners with

a tuition fee loan entitlement to the equivalent of four years of post-18 education. A spokesman for the Department for Education said: “From January 2027, tuition fee loans will no longer be available to those aged 60 and over.”

Tom Allingham, of Save the Student, which provides financial advice to undergraduates, said:

“While the current system creates a generational divide – students aged 60-plus are far less likely to repay their loans, so for many, their degrees are effectively free – we believe the decision to limit student loans to the under-60s only is a step backwards, as it makes it much more difficult for older students to pursue higher education. “Instead, we believe tuition fees should be

abolished, allowing students of any age to gain a degree free of charge.”

Unpaid debt

Student loans can be taken out to cover tuition fees – which are set to rise to £9,535 in September – and living costs.

The amount that can be borrowed depends on the financial situation of the student in question, and the loans are not repaid until graduates earn over a certain threshold.

This means that those aged more than 60 when they take out loans are unlikely to repay their debt at all –unlike those who complete their studies when they’re younger.

The average graduate in England last year was £48,470 in debt when they started repaying their loan. The ten most indebted students owe a collective £2.7m, with one on the hook for nearly £300,000 for their studies.

Big public sector pay rises loom in 2025 making strikes more likely

Desk report: Millions of doctors, nurses, teachers and other public sector workers will be promised pay rises of up to 5 per cent, putting pressure on NHS and school budgets and creating the threat of more strikes.

The government is expected to accept recommendations from pay review bodies covering the health staff, teachers, civil servants, prison staff, the armed forces and other public sector workers that are significantly higher than the 2.8 per cent budgeted for.

Doctors are set to get the highest award at 5 per cent or more, and 1.4 million other NHS staff are likely to get a little over 3 per cent. Half a million teachers are expected to get about 4 per cent, and prison officers and soldiers are set to get similar awards. Ministers are optimistic that the offers will be enough to head off another wave of industrial action after unions warned 2.8 per cent was not enough. But figures on Wednesday showing that inflation rose to 3.5 per cent in March are likely to complicate arguments that staff are getting a real-terms pay rise. The Treasury has told departments that there will be no more money to fund pay rises, telling them to find

cuts elsewhere to cover those beyond 2.8 per cent. Rachel Reeves, the chancellor, faces the prospect of announcing tax rises or spending cuts in the autumn and resisting pressure to find £1 billion to top up departments’ budgets.

One government source said schools would have to fund at least some of the increase for teachers, which is likely to provoke anger from unions which have threatened to strike if pay rises are too low, or if schools and hospitals are

fund them.

The National Education Union has said it is ready to strike if pay rises are not above inflation, and the NASUWT union said it would take industrial action if pay rises had to be funded through cuts in school budgets. Nurses, whose award is likely to barely keep pace with inflation, are expected to react angrily to a pay rise lower than other workers. They are set to step up preparation for industrial action even as ministers promise other improvements

in working conditions which they believe will dampen threats of strikes. The Royal College of Nursing has expressed fury at the prospect of again getting a lower pay rise than doctors, after nurses settled for 5.5 per cent last year while doctors held out for 22 per cent. NHS bosses have said they will have to cut staff and services if they are asked to find £250 million-£900 million to fund higher-thanplanned rises. Last week the Royal College of Nursing said “cutting nurses to pay doctors

more is the reddest of red lines”.

Ministers hope junior doctors, now formally known as resident doctors, will be “happy” with an increase of above 5 per cent, which is likely to be accompanied by promises on working conditions such as training rotations. However, the British Medical Association is to demand a return to 2008 pay levels by 2027, something that suggests increases closer to 10 per cent.

Ben Zaranko of the Institute for Fiscal Studies said rises of about 4 per cent across the board could cost approximately £2 billion-£3 billion. He said: “The trade-off is between pushing closer to the limit of what [ministers] say is fiscally sustainable, thinking about some of the tax rises Angela Rayner is suggesting, or asking services to make savings.”

He said a lower rise for NHS staff, by far the largest group, “will help a lot” for Reeves in bringing down the cost, but added: “The NHS is an area where service improvements haven’t been dramatic and anything that limits their ability to recruit staff risks improving services in the way they hope — or could force them to find efficiencies.”

Two migrants die as record number cross Channel

Desk report:

Two migrants died as more than 800 crossed the Channel in small boats on Wednesday in a record daily high for this year.

Official figures published on Thursday are set to show that overall immigration levels in the UK have fallen but net migration is still expected to stand at more than half a million in the year to December 2024.

Border Force sources said that about 820 migrants had crossed the Channel in small boats by 7am on Wednesday, although the final figure will not be confirmed until later. It is higher than the previous daily record of 705 on April 15. It takes the total number of migrants to have arrived in the UK on small boats so far this year to at least 13,500, the highest on record and 30 per cent more than had arrived at this point last year.

The French coastguard said that a rescue operation was launched after two migrants became unconscious on a boat carrying nearly 80 people, which left the shore from Gravelines on the north coast of the country. A French navy vessel set out to make contact with the boat to

recover the two dead people and ten others who needed help. All those rescued were taken to Calais, while the remaining migrants on the boat continued their journey towards British waters under surveillance. It took the total death toll for this year to 12. Last year at least 78 people died while trying to cross the Channel, six times more than any previous year.

Enver Solomon, chief executive of the Refugee Council, said the latest deaths in the Channel was “a stark

reminder that so far the Government’s approach to tackling the crossings is not working”. He added: “Enforcement measures alone are not enough to address this complex issue, while smuggling gangs profit from the desperation of those fleeing violence and repression in countries such as Sudan and Eritrea.” The rescue attempt is understood to have temporarily disrupted a fleet of 66 little ships sailing from Ramsgate to Dunkirk to commemorate the 85th anniversary of Operation

Dynamo in 1940 when 1,000 vessels crossed the Channel to pick up more than 338,000 British and Allied troops from the beaches of Dunkirk. The official immigration figures published by the Office for National Statistics (ONS) on Thursday morning are expected to show that net migration stood at above 500,000 in the year to December 2024, down from 866,000 the previous year. Net migration has gradually fallen since hitting a record high of 906,000 in the year to June 2023. It fell to 728,000 in

the year to June 2024.

Analysis by the British Future think tank has estimated that net migration has fallen by at least 250,000 due to a series of restrictions introduced last year that included a sharp fall in foreign students and care workers coming to the UK. This would mean net migration was about 616,000 by the end of last year. Polling carried out by British Future found that the public believe the current rate of net migration is much higher than it is. One in five people think net migration is over a million, with 5 per cent thinking it is over five million. Some 37 per cent believe net migration is over 750,000, with just 16 per cent correctly estimating that net migration is between 500,000 and 750,000.

Sunder Katwala, director of British Future, said: “Falling net migration is one of Britain’s best-kept secrets. Today’s ONS figures will show a dramatic fall, probably by over a quarter of a million, but that will come as a complete surprise to 90 per cent of the public. That’s because our political debate on immigration has failed to keep up with reality.

told to make cuts to

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Mahmood considers mandatory chemical castration for sex offenders

Paedophiles will face mandatory chemical castration and killers, rapists and other dangerous criminals will be released after serving only half of their sentences under the biggest shakeup in sentencing laws in 30 years.Shabana Mahmood, the justice secretary, has announced that she will consider overhauling longstanding medical laws requiring a person’s consent to administer treatment, to explore forcing sex offenders to take drugs to suppress their libidos.Judges will get the power to punish lower-level criminals with bans on travel, driving, attending football matches or using social media even for unrelated offences, to “hit offenders where it hurts”. Prison sentences of less than 12 months will be used only in “exceptional circumstances” and criminals will instead be punished through an expansion of community sentences. Foreign criminals will be deported after serving only 30 per cent of their prison

sentences, leaving them free to re-enter communities in their home countries.

These are among dozens of radical changes Mahmood has announced after recommendations set out in a root and branch review of sentencing by David Gauke, the former Conservative

Higher-than-expected government borrowing figures have increased the prospect of Chancellor Rachel Reeves raising taxes in the autumn, experts say. Borrowing - the difference between spending and tax income - was £20.2bn in April, up £1bn from the same month last year, official figures showed.

It is the fourth highest April figure since monthly records began in 1993 and analysts said it could mean Reeves will struggle to meet her selfimposed rules on spending and borrowing.

Ruth Gregory, Capital Economics deputy chief UK economist, said the "poor start" to the financial year meant tax rises were "starting to feel inevitable". She said weaker economic growth forecast over the next few months was likely to hit tax receipts, adding to pressure on government finances.

"With the PM announcing a partial U-turn on the cut to winter fuel payments, the dilemma faced by the chancellor over how to deal with increased spending pressures in environment of low economic growth and high interest rates hasn't gone away," Ms Gregory said.

justice secretary. His 192-page review provides a blueprint for ending the prisons crisis and cutting reoffending and overall crime rates. The measures recommended by Gauke’s review will reduce the prison population by an estimated 9,800 by 2028. They are designed to ensure that the

government never runs out of prison places again after 18 months of increasingly drastic emergency measures when jails in England and Wales came within 80 places of being full.Gauke recommended that the government widen a pilot that has been using chemical castration on 34 individuals

Tax rise warning after higher than-expected UK borrowing

Matt Swannell, chief economic adviser to the EY Item Club, said: "Talk of the reinstatement of some winter fuel payments and the likely need to spend more on defence will further increase the pressure for tax rises."On Wednesday, Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer announced plans to ease cuts to winter fuel payments, in a U-turn following mounting political pressure in recent weeks.

In her October 2024 Budget, Reeves had introduced £40bn in tax increases,

the largest since 1993. However, at the time she pledged there would be no additional tax rises beyond those already announced. The chancellor is following two main rules, which she has argued will bring stability to the UK economy: day-to-day government costs will be paid for by tax income, rather than borrowing to get debt falling as a share of national income by the end of this parliament in 2029-30

Reacting to the latest

in the southwest of England, with their consent, but added that drugs to suppress sexual desire should be used only with consent. Gauke wrote in his review that “gaining valid, informed consent to a course of treatment is a key tenet of medical law and ethics in England and Wales”. The drugs are mandatory in Poland and some US states, and the Ministry of Justice pointed to research showing that they can cut reoffending rates by up to 60 per cent. The key reform that will free up the most space in jails will be a new “earned progression” model that will allow most prisoners to be released after serving only a third of their sentences — if they behave well. If not, they will remain in prison until the halfway stage of their sentences. Once released, they will enter an “intensive supervision” stage under strict licence conditions monitored by electronic tags until they are two thirds through their sentences.

borrowing figures, Chief Secretary to the Treasury Darren Jones said: "After years of economic instability crippling the public purse, we have taken the decisions to stabilise our public finances, which has helped deliver four interest rate cuts since August, cutting the cost of borrowing for businesses and working people." Conservative shadow chancellor Mel Stride said: "Instead of reining in spending, the Labour chancellor has piled

billions onto the national debt by fiddling the fiscal rules and maxing out the national credit card."

Liberal Democrat Treasury spokesperson Daisy Cooper accused the chancellor of making "a series of blunders".

"The warning lights must be flashing in the Treasury this morning," she said. April's borrowing figure was higher than expected, with analysts having predicted £17.9bn. Tax receipts were more than £5bn higher, in part due to increases in National Insurance contributions paid by employers.

But government expenditure also rose, largely due to pay rises, higher costs due to inflation, and increases in pensions and other benefits.

The Office for National Statistics also said that borrowing for the financial year that ended in March is now estimated to be £148.3bn, which is £3.7bn less than initially thought.

However, the figure is still £11bn more than had been predicited by the UK government's independent forecaster, the Office for Budget Responsibility.

Desk Report:

Temperatures in the seas around the UK and Ireland have soared in the past week with some areas now 4C warmer than normal, with potential implications for marine life and people going swimming.

The heatwave is most intense off the west coast of Ireland as well as pockets off the coasts of Cornwall and Devon, according to scientists at the National Oceanography Centre and the Met Office.

Sea temperatures in April and the first half of May were the highest recorded during those months since monitoring began 45 years ago. Climate change is causing oceans to warm around the globe and is making marine heatwaves like this one more likely.

Scientists expect 2025 to be one of the hottest years on record for air temperatures., external "It's super intense at the moment. The marine heatwave has really soared this week," says Dr Ségolène Berthou at the Met Office.

The entire west coast of the

UK sea temperatures soar after exceptionally warm spring

UK is now about 2.5C above average. A large portion of Scottish waters are 2-3C warmer than usual for the time of year.

In one location, just off Tyne and Tees, temperatures are 5C higher than average, according to the Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science.

Dr Zoe Jacobs, who is based at the National Oceanography Centre, first

noticed the unusual marine temperatures a few weeks ago. She found that pockets of the UK had been coming in and out of a mild heatwave since late 2024. That heat intensified and spread in March and has now surged. A marine heatwave is defined as sea temperatures that exceed the seasonal threshold for more than five consecutive days. In the UK the marine heatwave

threshold for May is 11.3C.

On 19 May the average sea surface temperature reached 12.69C. "It started in the North Sea and the Celtic Sea. Now the North Sea has cooled down a bit but the west of Ireland is extremely hot," says Dr Berthou.

One of the warmest springs on record is driving the surge, as high temperatures and weak winds warm the

top layer of the ocean. Marine heatwaves in the UK are thought to be a relatively new phenomenon but they are expected to increase in frequency and intensity. It is still a bit of a mystery how exactly they will affect marine life, but the signs so far are not good. "The interesting thing is that this started in winter and spring, when most people assume marine heatwaves are only in summer," says Dr Jacobs. People swimming off the west coast of the UK and Ireland may notice the warmer temperatures, although the waters are still cooler than at their peak in late summer.

The worst impacts on species are likely to have been avoided for now because the temperatures have not gone above the upper limit that marine life can tolerate, explains Dr Jacobs.

But it may be disrupting species' breeding patterns and could bring an influx of jellyfish that like warmer waters, including the huge barrel jellyfish, to seas and beaches.

Princess of Wales formally names HMS Glasgow with a whisky smash

The Princess of Wales has officially named HMS Glasgow by smashing a bottle of local Scottish whisky against its hull. Kate, known as the Duchess of Rothesay in Scotland, was supported by her husband Prince William at the BAE Systems shipyard in Scotstoun, on the bank of the River Clyde.

Stepping on to a podium before a crowd of several hundred BAE employees, their families and the 45-strong ship’s company, she said: “I have the pleasure to name this ship HMS Glasgow. May God bless her and all who sail on her”.

The princess flicked a small red “launch” button to release a bottle of singlemalt whisky made by the nearby Clydeside Distillery. The ceremony is said to bring good luck and fortune to the vessel and its crew.

HMS Glasgow is something of a step up from a lifeboat, which was named in February 2011 on Kate’s first royal engagement. Fourteen

years ago, two months before she married William, Kate took part in the ceremony for Hereford Endeavour, an Atlantic 85 lifeboat, at Trearddur Bay on Anglesey.

William was serving there as an RAF search and rescue helicopter pilot. In June 2021 Kate was named sponsor of HMS Glasgow, a Type 26 anti-submarine frigate that

is designed to bolster the UK’s nuclear deterrent and aircraft carriers. She is said to hold “a real interest” in the warship and its crew. It features advanced

systems such as the Sea Ceptor anti-missile system and a five-inch naval gun. It can carry both Wildcat and Merlin helicopters. The construction of the eight frigates has sustained 4,000 jobs in Scotland and the wider British supply chain. To mark the naming ritual, a bottle of whisky was chosen from the Clydeside Distillery, which opened in 2017, the same year that work began on HMS Glasgow.

The price of each bottle sold will include a donation to HMS Glasgow’s chosen charity, Place2Be, a children’s mental health charity of which the princess is patron.

Sir Simon Lister, a retired vice-admiral who is managing director of BAE’s naval ship business, said at the ceremony: “In a world that continues to be volatile, we cannot underestimate the importance of this ship and the work we are doing here.”

Keir Starmer hands Chagos Islands over to Mauritius

Desk report::

Sir Keir Starmer has surrendered control of the Chagos Islands to Mauritius in a deal that will cost taxpayers billions of pounds to lease back the military base on Diego Garcia.

The prime minister announced the agreement on Thursday after a lastminute legal injunction was thrown out by the High Court. He said the deal was “absolutely vital for our defence and intelligence”.

Under the agreement the UK will pay Mauritius £101 million annually over the next 99 years to secure the future of Diego Garcia, a joint UK-US base in the middle of the Indian Ocean which is viewed as a vital strategic asset. Ministers insisted that, over the lifetime of the deal, the cost to the taxpayer would only amount to £3.2 billion after adjusting for inflation and economic growth.

The Tories condemned the decision and claimed the real price in cash terms could be more than £30 billion if inflation remained at the government’s 2 per cent target. In a delayed announcement, alongside military chiefs, Starmer said the deal was “absolutely vital” to Britain’s strategic national interest and provided long-term legal certainty for Diego Garcia, which has played a key role in military operations in the Red Sea, Middle East and across the Indo-Pacific.

“This base is of the utmost significance to Britain [and] at the foundation of our security and safety at home,” he said. “Today’s agreement is the only way to maintain the base in the long term. There is no alternative.”

Britain entered into negotiations with Mauritius under the last government after the International Court of Justice issued an advisory opinion saying the UK was under an obligation to bring an end to its administration of the Chagos islands.

Ministers argued they had no choice but to negotiate a deal before a formal court ruling put the legal basis of the Diego Garcia base in jeopardy. Starmer insisted the final agreement was “value for money”, saying that the average £100 million cost was “the same,

or slightly less than, the running cost of an aircraft carrier, minus the aircraft”.

The government will also make an annual payment of £45 million for 25 years to “support projects that promote ongoing economic development” in Mauritius and £40 million to establish a trust fund for former Chagos residents.

Under the agreement the UK will retain full operational control of Diego Garcia, including the electromagnetic spectrum satellite used for communications which counters hostile interference. A 24-nauticalmile buffer zone will be put in place around the island where nothing can be built or placed without UK consent. There is also a ban on Mauritius allowing foreign security forces to be present on any of the outer Chagos islands.

The agreement was welcomed by Washington, which operates and pays for the running of the base, after it was delayed to allow the Trump administration to scrutinise the deal.

“This agreement secures the long-term, stable and effective operation of the joint US-UK military facility at Diego Garcia, which is critical to regional and global security,” Marco Rubio, the US secretary of state, said.

Kemi Badenoch described it as “another wrong-headed, wasteful, and dangerous deal”. The Conservative Party leader added: “Other countries may nod along, but behind closed doors, they must think we’ve lost our minds. Labour is turning Britain into a global laughing stock.”

Starmer claimed that Badenoch and other critics were speaking against the UK’s national interest. “It is worth reminding ourselves who is in favour of this treaty, this deal, and who’s against it,” he said.

“In favour are all of our allies, the US, Nato, Five Eyes, India. Against it, Russia, China, Iran and, surprisingly, the leader of the opposition and Nigel Farage are in that column alongside Russia, China and Iran, rather than the column that has the UK and its allies in it.” The signing of the deal was delayed after a High Court judge granted a lastminute injunction against the Foreign Office in the early hours of Thursday after a case brought by a former Chagos resident.

After the last page

The legal challenge came from Bertrice Pompe, who was born on Chagos and objected to the plan to hand the islands back to Mauritius without consulting with the islands’ original inhabitants who were moved off the islands by the British between 1967 and 1973. However, the government succeeded in getting the injunction overturned at a second High Court hearing later on Thursday after arguing that delay was damaging the UK’s reputation with the United States and other international partners.

After the deal was signed Navin Ramgoolam, the prime minister of Mauritius, welcomed “a great victory”. “We have gained recognition of our sovereignty over the entire archipelago of Chagos, including Diego Garcia, which completes the process of decolonisation which began in 1968,” he said.

Net migration to UK halves in a year — but more staying for longer

Net migration halved last year to 431,000, but there is growing evidence that migrants are staying in the UK for longer and record numbers are gaining permanent settlement and British citizenship.

As small boat arrivals continue to soar, 109,343 people claimed asylum in the year to March, Home Office figures revealed, including 825 people in 13 boats on Wednesday. This was a new record daily high for this year and took the annual tally to 13,573.

The number of asylum seekers housed in hotels fell slightly to 32,345 at the end of March but still remained above the 29,585 at the time Labour promised to end the use of hotels for migrants at last year’s general election.

Last year’s overall drop in net migration — the difference between the number coming to live in the UK against those leaving — was the biggest on record and down from 866,000 the previous year.

It was driven by a sharp decline in non-EU immigration for work and study visas as a result of restrictions introduced by the Conservative government at the start of last year, including a ban on foreign students and care workers bringing dependants with them to the UK. Sir Keir Starmer announced reforms

last week that will reduce immigration by a further 100,000 but they will not come into effect until later this year at the earliest.

The Office for National Statistics said the fall in net migration was also caused by a large number of international students leaving who had originally come after the Covid-19 travel restrictions to the UK were eased. Madeleine Sumption, the director of the Migration Observatory at the University of Oxford, said the 50 per cent fall in net migration “was made possible by unusually high migration post-Brexit”, when net numbers hit an all-time high of 906,000 in 2023. She said the economic impact of the decline in immigration was likely to be “relatively small”.

Despite the sharp drop, net migration remains higher than at any point before 2021 and separate figures published by the Home Office suggest that migrants are increasingly likely to stay for longer and settle permanently.

There were 172,798 grants of settlement in the year to March, a third higher than the previous year and the highest annual total since 2011. Settlement grants have increased across all the main categories, including asylum, work visas and family reunion. One of the main measures announced in Starmer’s immigration white paper last week was a plan to double the amount of time that migrants must wait before qualifying for permanent settlement from five to ten years. This could apply to the 1.5 million foreign workers who have moved to the UK since 2020, The Times revealed last week. A total of 269,621 people were granted British citizenship in the year to March, 30 per cent higher than 2023 and the highest ever recorded.

Migrants are increasingly tending to stay in the UK for longer, according to the Home Office figures that showed 900,376 people extended their visa, more than triple the number recorded a decade ago.

This was driven by the graduate visa route, introduced in 2021 and allows foreign students to remain in the UK for up to two years, although the reforms announced by the government last week will reduce this to 18 months.

Melissa Randall, head of migration at the ONS, said international students were increasingly coming to the UK with the intention of transitioning onto a work visa after their studies. There were also signs that migrant workers were staying for longer driven by the fact that the vast majority who had arrived on work visas since Brexit were from non-EU countries and were likely to bring family members with them and stay for longer.

Randall added it was possible that the ONS was underestimating the true scale of immigration to the UK. This is partly because there is a gap in its data gathering ability that is wrongly counting some migrants whose visas have expired as having left the country when they have actually applied for a new one. The Centre for Policy Studies said that despite the fall in net migration, numbers remained “extraordinarily high by historical standards”, and pointed out that net migration between 2021-24 contributed an extra 2.65 million people to the UK, accounting for 3.9 per cent of population growth.

This created demand for an additional 925,000 homes, it said, but England’s housing stock has only grown by 908,000 in the last four years.

Home Office figures showed that 109,343 people claimed asylum in the year to March following record numbers of small boat arrivals, although they account for a third of the numbers claiming asylum with the majority of claims coming from migrants overstaying their visa. In the year to March there were only 2,240 returns of migrants who had arrived by small boat, a 3 per cent decrease compared with the previous year. This was despite the overall number of returns of failed asylum seekers and foreign criminals reaching the highest level since 2017.

The two main political parties both tried to claim credit for the record fall in net migration, while Nigel Farage, the leader of Reform, wrote on X: “Not as high as the great Tory betrayal, but still disastrous.”

Yvette Cooper, the home secretary, said: “The 300,000 drop in net migration since the election is important and welcome after the figures quadrupled to nearly a million in the last parliament.”