Designing for Space: Sculpture Through Subtraction
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Proximity, which states that images near to each other appear similar. For example, take a look at the below picture:
Source: Group Form Elements Effectively Using White Space
Almost everyone sees 2 groups of dots, rather than simply 20 dots. The dots are all identical and the only thing differentiating them is the white space that separates them. This behavioral observation has several important applications to interaction design, especially with regards to input forms: 1. Place labels closest to the relevant fields – As you can see in the below example, information is communicated far more clearly when labels are placed closer to the fields they relate to.
Source: Group Form Elements Effectively Using White Space