I want patients to have the choice to live or die. 我希望病人可以有權 選擇生死。 – Carmen Yau, end-of-life activist 游家敏，善終倡議者
end their life is illegal and perpetrators are
而醫生亦同意這是最好的做法。如果病人處於不能
subject to up to 14 years of imprisonment.
自主決定的狀態，那麼家屬可以提出中止維持生命
Carmen Yau, an activist for patient
治療。而那些沒有任何直系親屬的病人，則由他們
autonomy says the debate in Hong Kong
的醫生來做最終決定。
revolves around medical professional ethics.
在香港，只有醫生可以中止維持生命治療，其他人
Many doctors and nurses dedicate their
做則會被視為謀殺。協助他人終結生命也是非法的，一
careers to saving lives, not ending them.
旦罪成，最高可被判監禁14年。游家敏是病人自決的倡
“I want patients to have the choice to live or
議者。她說，香港關於安樂死的辯論主要圍繞醫學專業
die,” says Yau. Instead, she says there is an
倫理。許多醫生和護士致力於拯救而非終結生命。「我
“imbalanced relationship between patients,
希望病人可以有權選擇生死。」游家敏說。她認為病
family members and doctors.”
人、家屬和醫生之間存在著一種不平衡的關係。
Around the world, Switzerland has one of
在世界其他地方，瑞士對終結生命的醫療決定
the most relaxed policies when it comes
有著最寬鬆的法規。該國允許外國人在那裡進行輔
to end-of-life medical decisions. The country
助自殺，每年吸引超過200名「自殺遊客」經政府認
allows foreigners to arrange assisted suicides,
可的機構安排到訪，如Dignitas。不過，他們必須證
drawing more than 200 ‘suicide tourists’ per
明自己身患絕症、有無法忍受的殘障或痛苦。
year via government-approved organisations like Dignitas. However, they must demonstrate that they have a terminal illness, unendurable disability or unbearable pain.
2015
2018
2019
哥倫比亞修法，引入新 條約和保護措施予醫生
比利時成為唯一一個 允許未成年人安樂死 的國家
澳洲維多利亞州準備 將絕症病人輔助自殺 合法化
Colombia revisits law, introducing new protocol and safeguards for doctors
2014
Quebec adopts physicianassisted suicide 魁北克接納醫生 輔助自殺
Belgium becomes the only country to authorise euthanasia of minors
Victoria, Australia, is set to legalize assisted suicide for terminally ill patients
2017
Germany legalises assisted suicide in extreme cases, though contradictory laws remain 德國將極端情況下的輔助 自殺合法化，雖然與之矛 盾的法律仍然有效
ARIANA 2019
145
