20120122 Symposium on Sustainable Cities in Asia
On the Path to a Low Carbon City, Tokyo
Yuko Nishida Bureau of Environment Tokyo Metropolitan Government
Agenda 1. Tokyo: Sustainable? 2. What we do to be a sustainable city? 3. How it works? 4. What we learned?
1. Tokyo: Sustainable?
2. What we do to be a sustainable city? Tokyo cap& trade TMG green building program Carbon reduction reporting program
The Framework of Tokyo Program Existing buildings
New buildings Larger
District Plan for Energy Efficiency Building Size
Cap & Trade Program
Green Building Program Developments w. incentive bonus
Smaller
CO2 Emission Reporting Program
Planning/Operation Stage Planning
Design
Construction
Operation
Tuning
Retrofit
Tokyo Cap and Trade: Outline 1 Cap-and-trade system for cities World’s first urban cap-and-trade program targeting urban buildings 1300 urban facilities consuming large amount of energy inTokyo including ooffices, commercial facilities, factories, hospitals etc. + Targeting existing buildings + Targeting emissions from a building as a whole
Tokyo Cap and Trade: Outline 2 Targeting Gas Energy related CO2 emissions + Focusing on demand side energy consumption Including scope 2 emissions of electricity consumption, gas consumption, fuel consumptions + Capturing real energy consumptions (emissions) = building design
Coverage 40% of total CO2 emissions from commercial & industrial sector in Tokyo
Tokyo Cap and Trade: Outline 3 Requirement: Covered facilities are obliged to reduce CO2 emissions by an average of 6 or 8% over a 5 year period Disclose the emissions and reduction plans on the TMG website
Emission Trading: Excess reductions over obligated amount is tradable Enable cost benefit solutions for every participant Offset system to encourage renewables and reduction in small facilities
TMG Green Building Program 1 Rating and disclosure system for new buildings to promote sustainable design
Coverage: Newly planned large buildings (over 5,000 sq. Meters) Covering 40% of new buildings
Requirement: Submit sustainable design plan with its ratings Satisfy energy standard of Tokyo
TMG Green Building Program 2
Rating and disclosure system for new buildings Category
Rating:
Energy
Rated results are disclosed on the TMG website
Heat load resistance of the building envelope
Renewable energy
12 items in 4categories are rated based on the TMG guideline
Disclosure:
Items
Energy efficient building system (equipments) Efficient control systems
Resources Material
Eco-materials Protection of ozone layers
Longer building life expectancy Hydrological cycle
Natural environment Heat-Island effect
Greening (vegetation, landscape, etc.), bio-diversity Atmospheric heat waste
Surface of ground and buildings Wind environment
TMG Green Building Program 3 Labeling programs based on the GBP Green Labeling Program for Condominiums (2005～)
Energy Efficient Certificate System for non-residential buildings (2010～)
Incentive planning and zoning Utilizing the GBP ratings as a prerequisite
Carbon Reduction Reporting for small and medium facilities 1 Target: Small & medium emitters not covered by the Tokyo C&T
Requirement: Reporting annual CO2 emissions and their reduction plan Disclose on the TMG website Over 34,000 facilities are reporting including 10,000 volunteers
Carbon Reduction Reporting 2 Benchmarking 22 building-use categories in 7 ratings
3. How it works? Results of the programs
The results of the first year report: Tokyo Cap and Trade 1 In total
13%
Reduction
from the base-year emissions Cf. Their obligated reduction; 6 % or 8%
64%
of the covered facilities
reduced more than the obligations
The results of the first year report: Tokyo Cap and Trade 2 Measures Taken Category
# of meas ures
Examples
AIr Conditioning & Ventilation
1,602 System Upgrade, tempreture-humidduty control, Control of air intake...
Lighting, other power use equipments
1,436 Introduce Hf, LED, low-eenrgy guidelight, sensors for controlling, high efficient transformer...
Heat source
897 System Upgrade, Introduce inverters,
Hot water, water supply, refregerator
302 Introduce water-saving toilet, upgrade refregerators, vending machines...
General management
275 Tenant inclusion(joint EE team, data sharing...), tunings,control system upgrade
The results of the first year report: Tokyo Cap and Trade 2 Reductions by Facility Type (Major ones) #s
Reduction %
134
22%
Water & Swege
39
Waste management
16
Type Factory
#s
Reduction %
Office
509
12%
5%
SC, Commercial F.
172
10%
22%
Hospitals
64
7%
Schools
57
5%
Hotels
41
8%
Data center
32
1%
Cultural Fcility
24
13%
Type
Green Buildings Era in Tokyo low Emission Buildings TOP 30 in Tokyo Selected in line with the policy measures of TMG.
Existing buildings: Top level facilities in the C&T Program New buildings: High raiting in the Green Building Program
Existing Building Section
Sony City Sony Corporation
Tokyo Midtown Mitsui Fudosan Co., Ltd. East Japan Railway Company Mitsubishi Estate Co., Ltd.
Roppongi Hills Mori Building Co., Ltd.
New Building Section
Techno-Station Obayashi Corporation
JP Tower Japan Post Network Co., Ltd. East Japan Railway Company Mitsubishi Estate Co., Ltd.
Marunouchi Park Building Mitsubishi Estate Co., Ltd. New Headquarters Construction Project, Shimizu Corporation
Overcome the power crisis after the Fukushima accident 60mW
Peak load in 2010 59.99 mW 50mW Demand in 2010
Peak load in 2010 50.78 mW
40mW
30mW
20mW 1 July
Peak Load Cut in 2012 15%, 9.25mW (at peak) 7%, 8.78mW (in 2 months ave.)
Demand in 2012
8 July
15 July
22 July
29 July
5 Aug. 12 Aug.
9 Aug.
25 Aug.
31Aug.
Peak Power Consumption (from 1 July to 31 Aug.)
Preparedness for the Power Crisis Cumulative results and efforts in buildings responding to Tokyo cap & trade and other initiatives helped to cut power consumption
Green Buildings Prodctivity & Confortability
Business Continuity
Already introduced measures
Already have action plans Already have communications
4. What we learned?  Five misunderstandings for energy efficiency  Key factors for success from policy perspective
Need to break misunderstandings on building energy efficiency Typical complaints from building owners 1. We have already done a lot! 2. We know our buildings well, there’s nothing else we can do!
3. It’s costly to retrofit. We can not afford it!
Important factors for success from a policy side Data, Data, Data
To support understanding data Disclosure, Benchmarking, Feeding back
To support for action Find and disseminate good practices, Require tennants to participate
To create fair & competitive environment To make the issue the top business managerial decision
Mutual Learning is the Key Sharing knowledge and experiences in depth
On the way to a sustainable city :Tokyo
World Green Building Council Government Leadership Award
“Most Groundbreaking Policy” To Tokyo
Reference TMG Website www.kankyo.metro.tokyo.jp/enf
Tokyo Cap& trade www.kankyo.metro.tokyo.jp/en/climate/cap_and_trade.html www.kankyo.metro.tokyo.jp/en/int/TOP30_English.pdf
Low Emission Building TOP 30 in Tokyo www.kankyo.metro.tokyo.jp/en/int/top30.html
Green Building Program www.kankyo.metro.tokyo.jp/en/climate/build.html
Contact tokyoets@kankyo.metro.tokyo.jp Yuuko_Nishida@member.metro.tokyo.jp