Belarus No 3 (954) 2013 by Ambasciata bielorussa in Italia

No.3 (954), 2013

BELARUS Беларусь. Belarus

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Politics, Economy, Culture

life’s

rich path

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Contents

Беларусь.Belarus Monthly magazine No. 3 (954), 2013

4-5

Published since 1930 State Registration Certificate of mass medium No.8 dated March 2nd, 2009, issued by the Ministry of Information of the Republic of Belarus

Commandant Hugo Chávez

Founders: The Information Ministry of the Republic of Belarus “SB” newspaper editorial office Belvnesheconombank Editor: Viktor Kharkov Executive Secretary: Valentina Zhdanovich

Design and Layout by Vadim Kondrashov

Assets present but liabilities still impressive The Council of Ministers session

devoted to 2012’s economic results, which was chaired by the President, was even more significant than anyone had anticipated. Participants entered the hall at 11am on March 1st, leaving at 6pm, no doubt, with apprehension

18 Calculating ‘personal’ inflation

Quality rather than quantity

Green light for entrepreneurs President of

Transparency increases dividends

Belarus Alexander Lukashenko believes Council for Entrepreneurship Development should drive forward constructive ideas, while helping realise business potential

Practical Centre for Animal Breeding (part of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus) is located near the small town of Zhodino. There, you’ll find a herd of goats who, like all of their kind, will eat from your hand and allow themselves to be petted. However, they are not there for our amusement

Beautiful ideas ready for implementation

Беларусь.Belarus is published in Belarusian, English, Spanish and Polish. Distributed in 50 countries of the world. Final responsibility for factual accuracy or interpretation rests with the authors of the publications. Should any article of Беларусь.Belarus be used, the reference to the magazine is obligatory.

Granny for an hour without problems

Swallows’ nests Lepel style International

teams of volunteers construct ‘energy efficient’ settlement in Lepel District

Publisher: “SB” editorial office

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Nobility and honour still highly appreciated Minsk’s State Palace for Children and

Young People recently hosted the Challenge Cup International Tournament for Historical Medieval Fights. With swords clashing, 21st century knights struggled for victory in a contest organised by Living History (a public youth association)

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Testing across hot sands and snowy fields Belarus joins over 1,000 companies from 60 countries in demonstrating latest achievements at IDEX International Defence Exhibition and Conference, hosted by UAE capital of Abu Dhabi

Goats beyond compare The Scientific and

Who doesn’t believe in miracles?

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2013 беларусь.belarus

editor’s note

he calendar year starts on January 1st but spring is a time for awakening and new beginnings. January and February can feel very much like the continuation of winter, begun in November, but March inspires different feelings. Spring is also a time for looking back on achievements, analysing successes and areas for improvement. Assets Present but Liabilities Still Impressive is dedicated to the recent serious Governmental session chaired by the President, tackling the economic results of the past year. 2013 is a decisive year, marking the middle of the five year plan, and will influence how the economy proceeds. The measure of success is simple: the achievement of goals set by the 4th All-Belarus People’s Assembly. The President thoroughly analysed all aspects of Governmental activity, since it must play a key role in guiding the economy. Any obstacles to moving forward need to be critically apprehended, so the President’s assessments were severe. Much needs to be improved, although Mr. Lukashenko appreciates the merits of those currently working in this sphere; after all, Belarus has avoided the collapse of its economy. However, his tone was sharp, subjecting the Government to substantial criticism. The reports of the deputy prime ministers looked more like an examinations. What was on the Council of Ministers’ agenda? The strategic line for this year is modernisation of enterprises; every head must work to achieve this goal. Efficiency is also vital: at least $60,000 revenue is expected per employee. Meanwhile, the Council of Ministers and the National Bank have been asked to focus on several key aspects. First of all, it’s essential that we preserve our foreign balance, with exports rising to $60bn. This is the major factor behind restoring a high rate of economic growth. Secondly, the banking system needs to bring Rouble interest rates closer to those for foreign currency loans. The President demands, “It’s high time banks turn to face the economy!” Thirdly, enterprises need to find other resources and foreign loans, on beneficial terms for the country. Fourthly, people shouldn’t be referring to a lack of resources for modernisation. Fifthly, we need to create conditions promoting entrepreneurial initiative; the state and private sector both need to embrace economic modernisation. Sixthly, we should focus on the social aspect of modernisation, connecting salary rises to the growth of labour efficiency. The background to solving these tasks has been clearly and concisely outlined in the Year of Thriftiness, with the primary focus on using resources efficiently. Within the next few months, the Government will be focusing on solving priority tasks of modernisation and further liberalisation of business conditions, while promoting the expansion

of exports and implementing innovative projects. Read more in Not So Much Quantity as Quality. According to Belarus’ Economy Minister, Nikolai Snopkov, legislation exists to guide economic modernisation, with new and existing enterprises being supported by the state financially, including through access to affordable loans. Naturally, projects should be highly efficient, with a quick return forecast, to warrant such capital injections. Over the last seven years, over $31bn has been invested into Belarusian industry, as Prime Minister Mikhail Myasnikovich emphasises. He believes that more funds are needed to develop the major branches but asserts, “As the country launches major modernisation, the issue of efficiency is vital; there’s no sense in modernisation for its own sake. Each injected Rouble of investment should return two or three in added value, within a period of 3-5 years at most. Enterprise heads need to show initiative, being aware of the market situation, so that they can calculate future prospects and plan accordingly. The most important innovative projects have already been identified: 711 of 1,350 have been selected, covering pharmaceuticals to nano-technologies. Of course, modernisation includes not only contemporary technologies but efficient economic relations; 800 enterprises are being promoted for investment by the Economic Ministry, with investors sought at home and abroad. Special attention is being paid to the regions, which are likely to undergo serious transformation; most are still reliant on the industries popular in Soviet times, which hampers their development. More diversity is needed, with production reflecting the needs of the future rather than the past. Many factories date from 30-40 years ago and are long since out of date technologically, making them uncompetitive. Of course, the wellbeing of local residents is tied to the success of local industry. Exports are a major priority for the Belarusian economy and, last year, the country achieved its first positive foreign trade balance in a decade, selling more than it bought on the foreign market. Experts believe that the Customs Union and the Single Economic Space are already producing a positive influence on trade. In 2012, our exports to Russia rose by almost $2bn and export supplies to Kazakhstan increased by $4130m, despite prices on the external market being far from stable. We hope to see even better results in 2013, inspired by expanded physical volumes and new types of produce with high value added, thanks to economic modernisation. In 2013, we should see people’s salaries rise in response to this economic growth. Benevolent goals, concrete tasks and well-thought-out mechanisms of achievement are at the heart of this success. We have no choice but to move with the times. The question is whether we view this as a problem or an opportunity.

New beginning

беларусь.belarus 2013

BY Viktor Kharkov

Reuters

last respects

Last honours given to Hugo Chávez in Caracas, attended by President of Belarus Alexander Lukashenko

n March 8th, Mr. Lukashenko attended the public memorial service for the President of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, Hugo Chávez, in Caracas. Before the ceremony began, many wreaths were brought to the hall, including one from the Republic of Belarus and from the Head of the Belarusian State. Hugo Chávez and Alexander Lukashenko were very close friends, their active friendship inspiring relations between Belarus and Venezyela to reach a level of strategic partnership. Turnover increased many times and the peoples and cultures of our two geographically distant countries drew closer. At the funeral ceremony in Caracas, Mr. Lukashenko was among the most distinguished guests. Despite the large number of heads of states, the President of Belarus held a place of honour in the front row, among the closest relatives and friends of Hugo Chávez and the Venezuelan leadership. Mr. Lukashenko was the first president from among the non-Latin-American states to give the last honour in the guard of honour at the hearse.

During his stay in Caracas, the President of Belarus held brief talks with the Executive Vice President of Venezuela, Nicolas Maduro, and the Chairman of the National Assembly, Diosdado Cabello. Both parties confirmed their willingness to continue active cooperation. “All agreements reached by Hugo Chávez will be continued,” stressed Mr. Maduro. Mr. Lukashenko also spoke with Chávez’s family, including his brother, the Governor of Barinas state, Adán Chávez. In addition, Mr. Lukashenko met the President of the Plurinational State of Bolivia, Evo Morales, who had also arrived in the capital of Venezuela to attend the funeral; an agreement to develop BelarusianBolivian relations has been signed, using the Venezuelan partnership as the example. “I never thought that we would meet here under such circumstances. We talked much with Mr. Chávez about your country and even developed a joint action plan; now we must continue this deal with you,” said the Head of the Belarusian State. “I hope and am sure that Venezuela will elect a president able to implement the ideas of Hugo Chávez with us.”

“I want to assure you that Belarus will do everything possible to establish with Bolivia the same relationship as with Venezuela,” said Mr. Lukashenko. In turn, Mr. Morales noted his readiness to develop bilateral relations with Belarus. “Thank you for our meeting and I hope that it will contribute to future liaisons,” he noted. “Unfortunately, we have gathered here for a tragic reason: the death of our mutual friend. Now, more than ever, we should join forces. I thank you on behalf of all Latin American people for your support at this tragic time,” said Mr. Morales. The Bolivian President has asked for assistance in developing agriculture, in constructing agro-towns and housing, natural resources extraction, and personnel training. The heads of state have agreed to do everything possible to strengthen bilateral relations and to analyse obstacles. Mr. Lukashenko has invited Mr. Morales to visit Belarus to see firsthand the potential opportunities. The presidents have also agreed to discuss several tripartite joint projects (worth $3.2bn) with the new leadership of Venezuela. It is planned that, in the first half of 2013, a special working group will be created at the Belarusian Embassy to Venezuela, co-ordinated by the Head of the President’s Property Management Directorate and the Co-chairman of the Joint Belarusian-Venezuelan High Level Commission, Victor Sheiman. Mr. Lukashenko also held a meeting with the President of Ecuador, Rafael Correa Delgado, at which they reaffirmed the importance of agreements reached during the recent official visit of Mr. Lukashenko to Ecuador. Mr. Correa Delgado has promised to make a return visit to Belarus. He notes that, in the near future, Ecuador will host a meeting of the Council of Ministers, at which a report will be read on the implementation of Belarusian-Ecuadorian projects. In addition, Mr. Lukashenko spoke with the Chairman of the State Council and the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Cuba, Raul Castro. The President of Haiti, Michel Joseph Martelly, also expressed a desire to cooperate with Belarus, noting that Venezuelan President Hugo Chávez spoke warmly of Belarus on many occasions.

2013 беларусь.belarus

sorrow

Commandant

Deepest sympathy

ollowing the death of the President of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, Hugo Chávez, Alexander Lukashenko has sent condolences to his family and

brother, the Governor of Barinas Adán Chávez, Venezuelan Vice President Nicolás Maduro, Chairman of the National Assembly Diosdado Cabello and all Venezuelan citizens. The President’s letter of condolence to Mr. Maduro reads: ‘I learnt with deepest sorrow of the death of my friend and brother. Hugo Chávez will go down in history forever as an ardent patriot who devoted his life to his Homeland and the ideals of the Bolivarian Revolution. Due to the consistent and effective work of Mr. Chávez within the international arena on behalf of everyone in the world community, his huge personality will remain in our memory. He was an example of an unbroken, honest man, a real people’s President and national leader. He will remain a bright example to coming generations.’

and lives on through integration processes in Latin America

Vitaliy Gil

Mr. Lukashenko is convinced that Mr. Chávez’s mission — which began with the Bolivarian Revolution in Venezuela

that people in Belarus and beyond knew and respected the

Venezuelan leader as an outstanding politician, selflessly

mourning the tragic, sudden death of Hugo Chávez — one of the greatest statesmen

devoted to his Homeland. As the principle head of state, he

and leaders of our time: a great hero, passionate patriot and fighter for independence,

consistently defended its freedom and sovereignty, while

an outstanding politician, thinker and speaker, an exceptionally strong man who loved

driving forward integration across Latin America.

life and who dedicated his entire life to the service of his country.

— will continue successfully. His condolence continues: ‘Belarus highly appreciates the outstanding efforts and significant contribution of the Venezuelan President, Hugo Chávez, in developing bilateral relations between our countries. His bright name is written in gold in the history of the formation of our Belarusian-Venezuelan strategic partnership’. In his letter of condolence to the Chairman of the National Assembly, Diosdado Cabello, the President noted

lexander Lukashenko addresses all Belarusian citizens and representatives of the international community regarding the death of the President of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, Hugo Chávez: ‘Our hearts are paralysed by this sad news. Our close and trusted friend, our brother — the President of the Bolivarian

Republic of Venezuela, Hugo Chávez — has died. Without trying to conceal our tears, we grieve alongside the Venezuelan people,

His letter states: ‘Thanks to the efforts of Mr. Chávez,

Under the leadership of Hugo Chávez — the heir and successor of the noble

Venezuela achieved resounding and progressive success

cause led by Simon Bolivar — Venezuela rid itself of the heavy and hateful burden

in its social and economic development, improving the

of poverty and underdevelopment. It broke free from political and economic

quality of life of every Venezuelan. I’m proud that, with Mr.

suppression by foreign countries. President Chávez firmly and strongly led his

Chávez, we’ve created a solid foundation for the develop-

country to happiness and freedom. He was, and I am sure he will remain, in the

ment of bilateral co-operation and strategic partnership

hearts of millions of people, a true father of the Venezuelan nation — a protector

between Belarus and Venezuela, aimed at the welfare and

of the poor, suppressed and underprivileged. He will always be a beacon of hope

prosperity of our peoples. Your country can count on the

at the heart of South-American democracy.

help of brotherly Belarus’.

We’ve lost a close relative and our best friend, who passionately loved Belarus

The President of Belarus also sent deepest condolences

and was always there for us when we needed help. Our joint work for the benefit

to Hugo Chávez’s brother, the Governor of Barinas, Adán

of Belarus and Venezuela, as well as our warm and friendly relationship, will remain

Chávez. He wrote: ‘Hugo and I were sworn brothers, as well

among my most treasured memories.

as reliable allies and constant friends. Therefore, I share your

The name of the President of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, Hugo

grief as a personal loss. I promise that all our plans conceived

Chávez Frías, is engraved in the annals of our history in golden letters; he and his

together for the happiness and prosperity of the Belarusian

deeds will be eternally remembered.

and Venezuelan peoples will be fulfilled’.

Today, in this hour of sorrow and pain, we express our deepest condolences to Hugo Chávez’s relatives and those who were close to him, as well as to all citizens of

беларусь.belarus 2013

sorrow

Hugo Chávez Venezuela. In the name of the memory of your great leader, we solemnly promise to execute and fulfil our joint projects, continuing our policy of friendship and mutual assistance. We will do all we can to further strengthen and develop our collaboration — for the benefit of both our countries. Rest in peace, our friend and brother, Hugo Chávez. Your cause will live forever’. Upon the instruction of Mr. Lukashenko, early in the morning on March 6th, state flags were lowered over the Residence of the President of Belarus and over All TV and radio channels have been asked to only broadcast more serious programmes. The Republic of Belarus joins other countries in mourning the passing of the Venezuelan leader. The flag is lowered over the Belarusian President’s Residence, honouring the passing of a kind and reliable friend of our country. We are mourning... as the fate of remote Venezuela’s leader is bound closely with Belarus’ recent history. Hugo Chávez Frias confessed his respect and sympathy for our nation and remained faithful to his words until the end, true to everything of which he spoke.

Belta

other state institutions countrywide for three days.

Open book of memory

uards at the Venezuelan Embassy usually greet visitors with the words: ‘Have you switched off your phone? Place your keys and metal objects here, please’.

However, at present, they simply nod and open the door

Last June, I saw Mr. Chávez for the last time, during Alexander Lukashenko’s official

silently. A continuous stream of people is visiting to sign

visit to Venezuela, a few months before the presidential elections. Mr. Chávez had been

the book of condolence. Inside, everyone speaks in lowered

struggling with illness for over a year, twice being operated upon. He’d endured chem-

voices. Among the flowers and lamps hang portraits of Hugo

otherapy and radiotherapy but remained full of energy. He adhered to the norms of

Chávez and, by 2pm on March 6th, the book is already almost

protocol but his personality continued to show through during a long TV interview

half full. Messages appear in various languages — not just

with Mr. Lukashenko. Taking a leading role, the live broadcast went out to millions of

Russian — expressing grief as well as admiration for the great

citizens — including those in regions where Belarusian specialists have been working

man’s courage and achievements. Many comments are in

on projects. Mr. Chávez’s sincerity was clear to all.

Spanish: the native language in Venezuela. I write my own

At end of the broadcast, Mr. Lukashenko left Miraflores Palace but the Venezuelan president continued chatting with journalists for several hours. Translators were hardly needed, since his facial expressions told their own story, as did the tone of his voice. His words penetrated the soul, making it clear why his nation loved him.

words of sympathy and then emerge into the street, where more people await entrance. People of all ages are eager to show their sympathy for the Venezuelan president’s passing, bearing flowers and portraits.

Hugo was sincere and fair, never wheedling or currying favour. He openly

The First Secretary of the Belarusian Republican Youth Union

mentioned enemies and friends: the former hated him furiously while the latter loved

NGO, Igor Buzovsky, recalls his visit to Venezuela, saying, “Belarus

him passionately. Nobody could be indifferent to him. If he named someone his ‘friend’,

has lost a friend in the highest sense of the word; accordingly,

it was forever and he would move mountains in their support. For Belarus, this took the

Belarusian young people are here, mourning with the young

form of the supply of Venezuelan oil to Belarus during a difficult period. Analysts on

people of Venezuela.”

both sides of the ocean sneered at the project but Mr. Chávez simply loaded tanks and sent them across the Atlantic — saving Belarusian plants from being shut down.

The First Secretary of the Venezuelan Embassy, Gerardo Estrada, tells us that young people should not lose heart,

Mr. Chávez was decisive and obstinate in every respect. He believed in the ideals

but must continue to strive towards their goals, no matter

of his struggle — even after his first loss in the early 1990s, which brought imprison-

what occurs. He thanked them for their show of feeling and

ment. This only strengthened his mission however: to bring happiness and prosperity

attendance and then remained on the porch of the Embassy,

to his country, friends and neighbours in Latin America. He was eager to unite states,

welcoming visitors personally and giving brotherly hugs.

in the name of mutual support, while enabling them to keep their independence. He

A long queue was evident at the book of condolence,

was a true patriot and an authoritative leader. Unsurprisingly, not only Venezuela is

with people travelling especially to pay their respects —

mourning; neighbouring Argentina, Cuba, Bolivia and Ecuador are grieving...

many on public transport. Boris Dvoskin, Chief Engineer at

Many wonder why Mr. Chávez did not retire from politics on learning of his

Belgorkhimprom, tells me simply that he works on a mineral

illness. Why did he run for president that last time, using his precious strength? Only

extraction project in Venezuela and recalls warmly his meeting

Mr. Chávez knows the real answer but we do know that his life was dedicated to the

with Mr. Chávez. He is deeply saddened by his death.

ideals of socialism. I’m convinced that he could leave only as a winner. Such people are respected and remembered.

The Embassy began an hour of silence, with the number of those wishing to express condolences continuing steadily.

2013 беларусь.belarus

task for tomorrow

Belta

n fact, 2013 marks the mid-point of t he c ur rent f ive year plan, which aims to fulfil goals set by the 4th AllB el ar us Pe ople’s Assembly, as the President noted. He emphasised that the Government’s role is to lead the economy towards meeting targets, removing obstacles along the way. The President was direct in letting those present know that much improvement is needed, although he gave credit where it is due, saying, “We should acknowledge certain merits in the Government, which prevented an economic meltdown in Belarus.” However, the President criticised the Government’s work in general and the various reports delivered had clear weaknesses. Those who delivered them were often visibly perturbed and unable to offer reasonable explanations for failure in some cases. The President favoured none, requesting clear analysis and solutions to problems.

Assets and liabilities The President stated that, last year, the country managed to see an upward trend in real incomes of 21 percent, bringing the average salary countrywide to $552 ($420 for state run enterprises and civil servants). Pensions rose four times in 2012, to reach around $220. In addition, inflation slowed and foreign trade saw a positive balance. The domestic foreign currency market is developing

беларусь.belarus 2013

Assets present but liabilities still impressive The Council of Ministers session devoted to 2012’s economic results, which was chaired by the President, was even more significant than anyone had anticipated. Participants entered the hall at 11am on March 1st, leaving at 6pm, no doubt, with apprehension. steadily and the country is meeting its debt obligations, while preserving gold and currency reserves. Positive dynamics are also registered in some other parameters.

The President stressed, “We’ve managed to ensure f i n an c i a l s t abi l it y an d macro-economic balance.” Nevertheless, he added that five of the twelve top

Government goals have not been met and almost all fields failed to meet target growth for gross regional product. Development slowed down in some important branches

task for tomorrow holds the Economy Minister largely responsible but noted, “It seems that a passion for liberal market theories and reliance on foreign expertise is hampering efficient work on investments. We need to see deep analysis regarding business relat ions. For several years, we’ve been cutting injections into basic capital. I want to reproach all ministers and governors for not having produced the foreign investments we hoped for.” Last year, 76 state investment projects were planned but 37 failed to be realised. In addition, the Investment Agency demonstrated no tangible results. and the trend continues this year. Mr. Lukashenko was sincere in asserting, “The situation we observed at the end of 2012 cannot continue this year. Repetition would result in the Government’s resignation.” He then listed in detail every aspect which cannot be repeated. One of his major reproaches to the Government was its inactivity and lack of initiative. Mr. Lukashenko stressed that negat ive situat ions are not being pre-empted and voiced his fear that many are afraid of taking independent decisions. “As usual, people await the President’s orders r at he r t he n i nd e p e nd ently solving problems in a timely fashion. I have to keep pushing our executive officers into action. The Government and the National Bank only act on being given firm commands

and, even then, sometimes fail to do so comprehensively. You’re sunk in endless, long meetings which result in nothing,” he reprimanded. Mr. Lukashenko produced statistics to support his warnings. He noted t h at , a c c ord i ng to t h e G ov e r n m e nt , i n 2 0 1 2 , almost all of his Presidential orders were met. However, controlling bodies register around 40 percent failure: an alarming difference. “The key reason for not meeting deadlines is lack of activity and low levels of discipline. It won’t do. Executive discipline is the model for all. So far, your example is unsatisfactory!” he concluded.

Moving towards new markets The situation in the field of industry causes concern, with monthly production volumes continuing to fall,

as are exports. Some enterprises have cut their manufacturing volumes and export sales by up to 20-30 percent. Of course, objective reasons exist for this stagnation — even on traditional markets. However, new markets must be mastered, as the President stressed, “You’ve reported on sales to 15 new markets but what good is that if they comprise just 0.1 percent of total exports! These are your 15 new markets while 11 countries no longer buy from us!”

In search of resources Evidently, production is irrelevant without markets to which goods and services can be sold. Additionally, attraction of investment resources is vital, to ensure modernisation and keeping abreast of 21st century technology and trends. The President

Property remains untouched As regards the essence of investments, a belief reigns that most arrive through the sale of state property. However, the President asserts, “My approach towards privatisation remains unchanged. We can sell any site. My principle is known to everyone: if you want to buy then pay the full price and fulfil your obligations to inject money into production, to preserve jobs and provide decent salaries, and to add to the budget’s tax revenue. There won’t be any ‘bureaucratic or apparatus’ privatisation, nor secret sales to certain businessmen. Let’s stop such talk about privatisation.” Of course, thousands of sites currently generate no income at all.

Build wisely The President reproached those involved in construction, s aying, “We can’t

2013 беларусь.belarus

task for tomorrow escape deep-rooted problems.” Among these he mentioned lack of efficiency in using budgetar y funds, enhanced costs and falsification of figures. He added, “Ever yone, and I agree, says that the construction branch is the most corrupt — as it is in neighbouring states. Some call it ‘mafiastyle’!” The quality of works and their price is much debated. Mr. Lukashenko lamented, “They promised a great deal but we haven’t s e e n re a l re s u l t s . O u r builders need to work more efficiently and to a higher standard.”

Thrifty approach needed Income from agriculture could also be much improved. Overall figures aren’t bad, although there a r e m a ny l o s s - m a k i n g e n t e r p r i s e s . H o w e v e r, prompt solutions are needed, as the Belarusian leader asserted. He has given a range of instructions regarding potato farming, mechanical equipment and flax growing. Moreover, construction and reconstruction of dairy farms is essential yet remains largely unfulfilled.

Price always to the fore Inf lation is a vital economic parameter, since fluctuations are felt in everyone’s pocket. Accordingly, the President is adamant in demanding, “We must put a halt to ‘free’ price formation, for which there is no need. The Government and the

беларусь.belarus 2013

National Bank need to more efficiently regulate prices.” Since 2011, the Belarusian Rouble had been devalued 2.9-fold, while consumer prices have risen 2.6-fold. Food prices have almost tripled while those of non-food goods and services have risen 2.5-fold. Prime Minister Mikhail My a s n i k ov i c h a n d t h e Head of the National Bank, Nadezhda Yermakova, were asked, not unreasonably, whether they intend to make inflation outstrip the rate of devaluation. The President added, “If we don’t take control of inflation, with a sustainable exchange rate for the national currency, internal costs will rise and B elarusian exports will lose competitiveness. We need efficient measures to restrain inflation.”

Unshakable guarantees The social obligations of the state are close to the President’s heart. He notes that a significant gap has been growing between salaries in the budgetary sphere and the national economy as a whole. Today, this correlation stands at 80 percent while it should be 90 percent. “We shouldn’t be conducting modernisation at the expense of restraining salary rises for teachers and doctors. The burden should be spread more fairly. Meanwhile, the structure should be seriously brought to order in the budgetary sphere, eliminat ing e ver yt hing which is far away from people and their needs.”

Task for tomorrow

The year’s main priority is well-known: modernisation of enterprises. The President promises that, from January 1st, every enterprise head should be working on this task, with a target of at least $60,000 GDP per capita for those employed. The Council of Ministers and the National Bank have been directed towards some key areas of concern: preservation of export sales (hitting $60bn) to ensure high rates of economic growth; comparable loan rates for Belarusian Roubles and foreign currencies; new sources of funding, such as foreign loans on beneficial terms; the direction of funding towards modernisation; encouragement of entrepreneurial activity; and the raising of incomes through linking economic efficiency to salaries. Mr. Lukashenko asserts t h at e ve r y e nte r pr i s e’s modernisation plan should be ‘reinforced by an effective business plan.’ He notes that the state will provide support to such projects. He believes that entrepreneurial initiative should benefit the state and private sectors alike. Meanwhile, he is certain that industrial salaries should only rise where they reflect ‘value’ in terms of labour efficiency. He is keen to see real incomes grow, but not at the expense of inflation and only where they are deserved. 2013 is to be the Year of Thriftiness; the Head of State is confident that every sphere has room for improvement regarding efficient use of resources.

Understanding tasks ahead

Prime Minister Mikhail Myasnikovich gave his own report, followed by the Head of the National Bank, Nadezhda Yermakova, the Chairman of the State Control Committee, Alexander Yakobson, the Deputy Prime Minister, Deputy Prime Ministers and governors. Problems needing elimination were listed, alongside possible solutions, initiating discussion. The PM’s mention of Br134 trillion being needed to be spent on modernisation brought raised eyebrows from the President, who questioned whether the amount had been derived from requests from enterprises or whether it was founded in more consolidated data. Mr. Yakobson mentioned that those running large enterprises may spend time ‘feathering their nest’ in readiness for later years, preparing a place for themselves in the private sector. The President has asked that the current places of employment of former officials be explored, to ensure that no underhand dealing is found. The Government has been given clear advice: to hold fewer meetings and show more action! All principal issues were discussed at the Council of Ministers’ session chaired by the President, allowing all those wishing to speak to do so. He warned again, towards the end of the session, “I’d like everyone to keep in mind that, if you fail this year, you will have to retire.” The head of each enterprise will have much to ponder in the coming weeks and months. By Dmitry Kopylov

prospects

Quality rather than quantity

he aim is for the economy to develop more dynamically than in 2012. Sadly, last year Belarus failed to reach its target of Br21tr in added value but modern production facilities and advanced technologies are driving industry forward.

Money available for worthy projects Economy Minister Nikolai Snopkov believes that Belarus’ legislative base for economic modernisation is ready, with the state supporting

Over coming months, the Government will be focusing on modernisation, further liberalisation of business conditions and the realisation of innovative projects, alongside export enhancement

enterprises financially, such as through affordable loans. The only requirement is that projects must be highly efficient and be able to create rapid returns, so that capital injections reap rewards quickly. Over the past seven years, $31.5bn has been invested into Belarusian industry but PM Mikhail Myasnikovich is convinced that even more is needed to revitalise our major economic branches. “Efficiency is vital as the country launches extensive moderni-

sation. There’s no point in modernisation for its own sake; each injected Rouble should generate two or three in added value, while returns should be obvious within five years,” he stresses. Company heads are expected to demonstrate greater initiative, showing knowledge of the market and being able to predict future trends. Mr. Snopkov considers that a new approach is needed for modernisation, explaining, “At present, projects are proposed at a certain cost but a

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prospects reverse approach is needed. Projects with a rapid pay-off period should take funding priority.” The most important innovative and investment projects have been defined, with 711 (of 1,350) already chosen — from such diverse spheres as pharmaceuticals and nano-technologies. According to the First Deputy Prime Minister, Vladimir Semashko, eight projects are viewed as most important. Among them is the construction of a pharmaceutical facility (meeting European GMP requirements), the establishment of a facility to produce optic-electronic equipment on the basis of heat-vision, the production of laser systems and the creation of a promising space satellite with land infrastructure to further develop Belarusian-Russian Earth remote sensing. Of course, modernisation envisages not only modern production facilities and technologies but modern economic relations: 800 companies have been chosen to seek investment — from domestic and foreign business circles. Mr. Snopkov explains how they were selected, saying, “The list includes small enterprises (up to 100 employees), in addition to firms at least 50 percent state owned. Insolvent companies are also included. The list excludes those enterprises where an entire town centres around one form of production; the right to buy such shares belongs to regional and city executive committees.”

Stake on regions Special attention is being paid to regions, whose economies are to experience drastic change. Their industry was often formed in Soviet times, 30-40 years ago, so technologies are out of date and goods lack competitive features. Naturally, this is hampering the development of small towns, where such enterprises are the main form of employment. Mr. Snopkov asserts that the Government is keen to promote regional

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buoyancy, to avoid the trend of people moving to larger settlements. By 2032, some villages could lose 20 percent of their population. In fact, 40 percent of these losses are expected in the Vitebsk and Grodno regions. In turn, 77 districts (covering over 60 percent of Belarus’ territory) are seeing a trend of residents moving to more populous cities. Unless drastic action is taken, ever more districts will have less than 45 percent able-bodied, age-employable, citizens.

The task is to achieve a quality economic growth in 2013; and consequently it should result in salary rises and higher standards of living As Mr. Snopkov notes that the construction of new facilities in districts is a step in the right direction towards solving the problem. “Our economic policy initially focused on fulfilling the President’s orders, from the 4th All-Belarus People’s Assembly; these state that ‘at least 2530 benchmark state investment and innovative projects must be realised in each region and in the city of Minsk, with governors and branch ministers being personally responsible’. Some believe that technological modernisation of existing facilities is the most cost-efficient way forward, while others would prefer to see new facilities built,” he tells us. In the central Minsk Region alone, 110 new production plants are to be established this year — each employing 50 or more people. The Deputy Chairman of the Minsk

Reg iona l E xe c ut ive C ommitte e, Alexander Turchin, explains, “Labour efficiency regarding added value (approaching the figures of production leaders) is the major focus.” Investments of Br1.5tr are needed, and industrial sites have been chosen for 157 new enterprises: all aimed at export manufacturing.

Commodities generate money Exports are a major priority the Belarusian economy. Last year, the country achieved a positive foreign balance in commodities for the first time in a decade. Deputy Foreign Minister Alexander Gurianov views this as a breakthrough, saying, “In 2012, considerable market changes in foreign trade were registered, which are the starting point for further action. Our $100m positive trade balance was the result of sales exceeding purchases, for the first time in the past decade. We managed to raise physical volumes of exports by 13.5 percent and expanded our presence on foreign markets. Besides selling oil products and solvents, last year, we increased exports of major Belarusian industrial and agricultural goods.” The Customs Union and the Single Economic Space have also positively influenced sales: last year, exports to Russia increased by $1.8bn, while sales to Kazakhstan rose by $130m. Mr. Gurianov notes, “Our partners within the integration block, and their markets, have generated major growth for Belarusian exports with high added value.” However, he adds that, in 2012, prices were unstable on foreign markets, leading to prices only matching those of 2011. Clearly, to achieve growth we must raise volumes and ensure the greatest added value. The task is to achieve a quality economic growth in 2013; and consequently it should result in salary rises and higher standards of living. By Lilia Khlystun

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the state and business community

Green light for entrepreneurs President of Belarus Alexander Lukashenko believes Council for Entrepreneurship Development should drive forward constructive ideas, while helping realise business potential

peaking at a Council session, Mr. Lu kashen ko stressed that its major task is to advise entrepreneurs of state policy, to ensure that the interests of society

are met and that civilised market relations are supported. The President added that economic modernisation is a focus for the private sector as well as the state sector, with investors sought from Belarus and further afield. “The Council was established to help entrepreneurs realise their full potential, supporting efficient market

structures and solving acute problems in a business-like manner — without red-tape,” the Head of State emphasised. Mr. Lukashenko noted that he is eager to listen to businessmen’s ideas on enhancing efficiency. “The decisions we make now must drastically improve the Council’s work; it should absolutely meet modern requirements.”

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the state and business community

Mr. Lukashenko asser ts that the Council for Entrepreneurial Development is virtually the only such council set up under the auspices of the President. He explained, “Confusion abounded, with too many officers within law enforcement bodies and government agencies wishing to line their pockets. This was pretty commonplace but I hope things have changed by now. I was unhappy with the situation of so many people wanting to intimidate, harass and jail businessmen, which is utterly unacceptable. It’s important for me to help new businessmen: our policy is simple — to make life easier for them and all those who work with them. I want everything to be fair and honest. We need to know what is going on in the business community, so I want to be kept informed.” Mr. Lukashenko admits that he often failed to receive such information from entrepreneurs. “Accordingly, I’ve appointed someone close to me, who can voice their position openly and honestly — even if it differs from the opinions of others,” the President noted. Mr. Lukashenko stresses that businessmen do not need overprotection

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or privileges. “You are not disabled or pensioners. You began a business to try and make a profit, so it’s fair to pay taxes, which feed the state budget, helping those who cannot earn as much. Nobody is suggesting that we strip businessmen of all they have. We should be generous but we don’t need to give away money for nothing. Everybody should work but, if you would like to help an orphanage, or essential spheres like sports, healthcare or education, let’s team up,” the President said. “You cannot accuse me of forcing businessmen to help the state. If you can help, then do so; if you cannot, that’s up to you, although the attitude of the state, and my own, towards you may be affected,” he added. Mr. Lukashenko stressed that businesses’ participation in social programmes is really quite essential. “Only then will people respect you, no longer badmouthing businessmen as being self-seeking,” the Head of State emphasised. Mr. Lukashenko has set up the Council to operate without the participation of state officers — except for its Chairman — to avoid corrupt practices. “You are business people, so it’s extremely

important for me to hear your opinions on the most topical issues of our socialeconomic policy. I’m especially interested in alternative views, which differ from the position of the Government and other state officials,” said the President, adding, “Piotr Prokopovich has been appointed Council Chairman and has direct contact with the Head of State. I hope to see you working actively to ensure the country gains real benefits.” Deputy Prime Minister Piotr Prokopovich notes that the goals of the new Council are primarily related to entrepreneurial ventures, as defined by Belarus’ 2011-2015 programme for social-economic development. Small and medium-sized businesses are expected to account for at least 30 percent of GDP by 2015, with the Council aiming to reduce the amount of bureaucracy. Mr. Prokopovich believes it’s vital to seriously alter the structure of small and medium-sized businesses, which primarily focus on retail trade and imports at present. “We should move towards industrial production and services, since these spheres are in demand and, ultimately, are responsible for the country’s fate,” he said.

the state and business community The creation of new jobs in the private sector was another focus of the session, with at least 300,000 jobs sought over the coming three years. Mr. Prokopovich notes that the Government is developing a package of measures to ensure state support of entrepreneurship, with a document soon to be studied by the Council of Ministers’ Presidium. Deputy PM Mr. Prokopovich intends to make use of experienced businessmen’s expertise. Those who have already set up successful enterprises in

suggests that holding companies can improve their competitiveness by being partnered with small businesses, since these can provide component parts and maintenance services. “I’m ready for more. If a private business is a parent company in a holding company, that’s great,” notes Mr. Lukashenko. The Head of State emphasises that he is in favour of joint implementation of major projects by private companies and state-run enterprises, saying, “I’ll keep my finger on the

The Government meeting focused largely on entrepreneurial initiative in Belarus, attended by representatives of business circles. The latter offered some worthy proposals to be studied and considered Belarus, conquering new sales markets, clearly have something to teach us. “If an enterprise is not developing or being modernised, it has no future. Within the Single Economic Space, we’ll be facing colleagues from Russia, Kazakhstan and the rest of the world,” he underlines. “We should create a new segment within our economy. In the current five year plan, private businesses already occupy one third but we want to raise this to at least 50 percent in the next five year plan. It won’t be easy but it’s achievable.” The Deputy Chairman of the Council for Entrepreneurial Development, Sergey Novitsky — also Director General of Henkel Bautechnik JLLC — is keen to stimulate private investments into longterm projects. He wants to establish new manufacturing, while raising highly skilled employment. “It’s high time that we transform the dynamics of the private sector, seeing progress and a rise in GDP,” he believes. He has also put forward several suggestions to improve manufacturing co-operation, the subcontract system, state procurement procedures and mobility of employment in the private sector. In particular, Mr. Novitsky

pulse by taking note of private companies; businessmen never invest in nonstarters.” The Chairman of the Public Participants’ Meeting of Conte Spa JLLC, Valentin Baiko, believes that Belarus has the conditions to develop business and promote competitive market conditions. He notes that significant internal reserves exist for entrepreneurial development, saying, “We keep hearing about the need to attract foreign investors. It’s true that this is vital but we shouldn’t forget that, over the past 10-15 years, various ‘home-grown’ contemporary and efficient enterprises have been built countrywide, gaining popularity domestically and abroad. Those behind these businesses are interested in peace, order and security; they have a vested interest in the success of our country because their children live here.” Mr. Baiko is convinced that additional conditions are needed, to ensure that it is profitable to invest profits into the country’s economy, to further develop production. Mr. Lukashenko stressed that his contacts with private businesses are guided by state interests. “I’m in touch with everybody. I’m not afraid that some might say that businessmen are

gathering around me. They are my citizens and I must support them for the single reason that they can benefit our state,” he asserts. Mr. Lukashenko assured those present that the state is ready to support promising and interesting projects but notes the importance of business responsibility. “Don’t attempt to swindle,” the President warns. “If you make promises, you must keep your word. If you can’t do so, then don’t come. Your word is all in business.” The Head of State has spoken about privatisation many times, recently underlining, “We’ve already stressed that we won’t privatise anything ‘en mass’ and have rejected certain enterprises from the privatisation list. In theory, any enterprise can be privatised: even Belaruskali (which is worth looking at), those involved in oil processing, MAZ, BelAZ and so on. However, these companies have very high prices: Belaruskali is valued at $32bn and I can’t reduce it. If buyers reject this price, it’s fine; we’re in no hurry to sell.” Efficient enterprises do exist but the President is eager to see prices and inflation kept within strict controls. “I’d say that this is an issue for the Government to solve. Last year, when we were coming out of an unclear financial condition, I chose to overlook some issues, even when administrative prices rose. The same won’t be true this year, so businessmen shouldn’t reproach me for state interference. We’ll be working meticulously to control inflation and price growth; otherwise, modernisation lacks impact,” he notes. “We’ll be considering how best to keep inflation and price growth at an acceptable level — for society and production.” The Governmental meeting focused largely on entrepreneurial initiative in Belarus, attended by representatives of business circles. The latter offered some worthy proposals for study and the Head of State stressed that the new council has much to consider. Mr. Lukashenko is ready to continue offering his support and help where necessary, solving problematic issues. By Vasily Kharitonov

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alternative

Transparency increases dividends The National Bank has long noticed the interest of Belarusians towards playing on the Forex market where currency is traded. However, the specialists of the bank also stated an accompanying problem: because of the under-development of the local market citizens began to use the services of foreign brokers and often become victims of swindle. The advice in this case in traditional: it’s necessary to be extremely attentive while trusting one’s own money to non-residents. As an alternative the National Bank has announced the appearance in the nearest years of a transparent and understandable to citizens Forex market where their rights will be reliably protected.

mitry Nabzdorov, the Head of the National Bank’s Department for Non-Banking Operations, notes that a significant number of citizens have been playing the international currency market. “Clearly, there’s no exact data; however, judging by information from Russian broker companies, over 20,000 Belarusians have recently used their services,” he notes. Sadly, this brings an outflow of capital from the country and the paying of taxes into ‘foreign’ budgets; meanwhile, citizens’ rights are vulnerable. “As a rule, a foreign economic treaty is signed between a legal entity (nonresident) and an individual. Information on the public offer treaty is placed by the company on its website and the individual agrees to the terms,” explains Mr. Nabzdorov. “Printout of correspondence, key Internet pages from the non-resident site and copies of payment documents may serve as proof of such an agreement. However, it would also be possible to swindle non-residents.”

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In addition, Russian and Ukrainian Forex brokers sometimes lack registration on the market on which they work, being registered in the Cayman Islands or in New Zealand. Where clients’ rights fail to be met, juridical procedures must take place in the country in which the company is registered. “Even if an agreement is legal and complies with all legal rules, few citizens would be materially ready to take a non-resident legal entity to court, paying for a lawyer’s services and for flights,” Mr. Nabzdorov asserts. Russian Forex brokers confirm the fears of the National Bank. Fortunately, since Belarus gained its own financial market, the number of swindles has significantly reduced. Nevertheless, companies remain which offer to help citizens play the currency markets. The professional community has an ambiguous attitude towards the activity of such companies, believing they may use incorrect data to fleece clients of their money. Some independent experts even think that 90 percent of clients’ money becomes ‘lost’ through such schemes. Vadim Vinogradov, the Chairman of the Board of the Centre for Regulating

Off-Exchange Financial Instruments and Technologies, tells us, “We can define a ‘good broker’ as one who is transparent from a legal point of view. They should have training and experience and access to the latest technology. If these elements are in place, it’s possible to work with them.” Of course, where training and experience are absent, so are profits. Brokers are often blamed for consciously deceiving their clients but such accusations are largely unfair, since clients must take responsibility for where (and with whom) they place their money. The market is hardly as transparent as glass; it has negative elements, as in any business. According to Mr. Tikhomirov, the Director General of Admiral Markets, most citizens within the post-Soviet space are wary of Forex trading. He notes that ‘lack of understanding leads people to view it much like a lottery scam or a financial pyramid’. Unfortunately, since those who do take part choose to do so regardless of their lack of true understanding, it would probably be difficult to persuade them otherwise.

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Pioneers of financial market Market participants are concerned that lack of clear regulation could lead to the uncontrolled operation of many companies offering citizens access to Forex trading. Legislation in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan has no reference to this sphere and Ukrainian law remains vague. In Russia, a draft federal law was recently submitted for consideration to the Government, obliging Russian brokers to register locally. This should enhance transparency while demonstrating that a company has statutory capital of at least 35m Russian Roubles. Needless to say, this is only the first step in tackling the problem, with many revisions likely to be needed in future. Our Russian colleagues believe that Belarus is in a more advantageous position and may become the first post-Soviet country to launch efficient regulation of such nonbanking over-the-counter trading. In late 2012, a draft decree by the Belarusian President was prepared, regulating some aspects of the financial

market. It gives power to the Government and the National Bank to regulate various segments of the non-banking sector of the financial market, including Forex dealing. Igor Volkov, Managing Director of Forex Club LLC (Moscow), approves greatly of the move. He notes, “In particular, Belarusian legislation is inserting Forex dealing into the existing legal environment, creating an open and transparent market.” He believes this will pave the way to other opportunities, since capital is more likely to remain within the national economy, promoting the growth of the financial market. It should also enhance the financial literacy of the population. The National Bank is confident that Belarus can create conditions for a local Forex market, with more attractive terms than those offered by rivals in neighbouring states. For instance, citizens will be made exempt from paying income tax on their profits for three years. Mr. Nabzdorov stresses that, as Forex brokers have operated without paying any tax to date, any tax paid can only be to the ultimate benefit of the state.

 The word ‘FOREX’ is an abbreviation for foreign exchange on the international currency market. Forex trading involves buying and selling currencies, which move constantly in value through the day. Profit (or loss) is made through speculative operations: buying at a certain price with the hope of selling at a higher price.  I n choosing a Forex broker it’s wisest to select a long-standing, well-known agency. Be wary of smaller, less known companies promising larger returns, since these can be a lure to attract clients short-term. Some Russian companies offer a guaranteed return of 3 percent monthly but there are no legally binding assurances for receiving your funds. Some brokers receive significant bonuses for attracting new clients (up to 10-20 percent of sums invested). This is a widely used method; it’s like a pyramid, in which new investors are ever needed. Par ticularly beware companies registered in ‘exotic’ locations, since these may be outside of accessible jurisdiction. As a rule, a client doesn’t have objective guarantees for the return of their funds and payment of interest rates, except for assurances of the company itself. This may not be written in the treaty at all or the treaty is signed in the name of another person, or has ‘exotic’ jurisdiction. Their official website will often fail to set out contractual obligations, registration data or licenses.

By Alexander Belkovsky

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status

alt bricks and stones with a hole in the middle were once used as currency, followed by coins minted from precious metals. These were finally replaced by those made from base metals and by simple paper notes, which hold value only where trust exists. It’s one thing when we hold a piece of gold or silver in our hands but another when we must trust in paper bearing figures. With some minor exceptions, banknotes from early times were backed up by

Virtual penny in electronic ‘purse’

promises of redemption in gold or silver coins. Now, we are experiencing the same leap of faith as electronic money gradually replaces paper banknotes. Now, the advent of ‘electronic’ money has been legally confirmed in Belarus, as emphasised by the National Bank. Eight banks are now issuing cards, which can be preloaded with funds, as part of the international MasterCard system. In addition, Priorbank offers the Belqi system. “Electronic payments are becoming more popular in Belarus every year. Over the last few years, the e-money market has expanded greatly,” notes the Deputy Chairman of the National Bank, Sergey Dubkov. “Unfortunately, we are yet to receive statistics for 2012 but, in 2011, Br1.23bn passed hands electronically in Belarus: up almost 2.5 times on the year before.” At first sight, electronic money may resemble non-cash. During the first stage, a legal entity or an individual

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opens an account for electronic money using a special software product. Since this software product is integrated with Internet, it may seem that electronic money is money for Internet. Actually, ever ything is considerably more complex. This special software product should be integrated with Internet payments, as well as ATMs and various payment terminals, enabling to perform any transactions with electronic money on the Belarusian territory within the frames of the current legislation. Since only banks can issue electronic money in Belarus, these special software products should be only bank. The second stage of electronic money circulation is its issue. A legal entity or an individual applies to a bank and brings cash money or transfers non-cash money into bank account. ATMs can be also used alongside payment terminals. After receiving money, the bank issues electronic money only for the received amount. For this, a special record is kept

where the bank acts as an issuer of electronic money but can’t be an initiator of its issue. Only funds held can be withdrawn. Then an owner of an electronic purse can use a special software product to buy goods, transfer m on e y t o ot h e r persons, exchange it for other electronic money and even make donations. Electronic money can be used to pay telephone bills,

services of Internet providers, television, Skype, as well as, at train stations and in shops or restaurants. Cardholders can use their funds at home and abroad, even making charitable donations or transferring money to another person. Despite the amazing potential for using the cards, most Belarusians tend to only use their e-money to pay mobile operators; such payments account for over 40 percent of all ‘electronic’ payments. If you need to transform your emoney into cash or a cheque, the banks currently charge a fee of 2-3 percent; however, this may fall as the system gains popularity. According to the Director of Belarusbank’s Plastic Card Processing Centre, Anatoly Bogovik, young people are most likely to hold cards, being familiar with the Internet as a form of communication and information. However, with time, older people are likely to gain trust in the new system. By Vladimir Kharlamov

panorama

Rivers generating energy Italian PVB Group SPA to implement innovative projects in hydropower engineering in Belarus

he Technical Director of PVB Group SPA, Plamen Dilkov, has announced his company’s plans to implement several renewable energy projects in Belarus. In particular, it would like to build several hydro power plants on the country’s major rivers, including the Dnieper, Zapadnaya Dvina and Nieman. Using innovative technologies, the Italian company will be able to help Belarus generate up to 1,000 MW of electricity.

“ We’ v e taken a serious step towards innovative production of power, developing a mobile bulb turbine without shields, operating underwater. It’s more efficient, using upper and lower water currents, and is totally environmentally friendly, being certified in compliance with European standards,” explains Mr. Dilkov. Five years ago, such technologies in the sphere of hydraulic power were non-existent. PVB Group SPA has been working on the design for twenty years. Belarus’ Deputy Energy Minister, Mikhail Mikhadyuk, notes Belarus’ eagerness to benefit from the company’s expertise and knowledge in hydropower engineering. The latest hydropower installations are perfect for Belarus. Moreover, Belarus may set up a joint venture with Italy — even entering third markets together. A delegation of specialists and experts is to visit existing PVB Group SPA facilities and those under construction, to learn from the Italian company’s best practice. An investment agreement to construct a hydropower plant in Belarus should later be concluded.

Mozyrsalt moving forward Mozyrsalt JSC is first CIS enterprise to manufacture granulated salt

pecialists from Belaruskali JSC, who boast great experience in working with equipment for granule production, have assisted Mozyrsalt in producing its new salts. These are to be used in the preparation of soft drinks, as well as at dairies, breweries, tobacco factories and pharmaceutical enterprises. The salts will also find a niche at boiler houses and for use in household water heating devices. The new technological line is able to produce up to 10,000 tonnes annually, fulfilling the Republic’s needs many

times over, and alleviating the need for EU imports. Moreover, it opens up great opportunities for expanding export supplies. The first batch of granulated salt — 25 tonnes — is being prepared for dispatch to customers. This year, Mozyrsalt plans to supply the domestic market and abroad, in packets as small as 1kg, up to one tonne bags.

Exact forecast for launch and landing Belarusian aeronautical meteorologists’ work meets high international standards

viation safety much depends on weather conditions, so exact forecasts are vital. In Belarus, the Republican Aviation-Meteorological Centre is responsible for this task and, not long ago, was awarded a certificate confirming its compliance with the ISO 9001 international management system. Belarusian aeronautical meteorologists meet the strictest international requirements in their work, as foreign experts have acknowledged. The Centre was established in 1999 to provide thorough meteorological services to civil aviation. Since then, eight aviation meteorological stations have been launched (previously part of the Republican Hydro-Meteorological Centre). The Centre’s Head, Mikhail Yefremov, tells us, “Our stations provide aircraft pilots and air traffic control services with the latest information on weather, including at aerodromes. Pilots cannot take off or land without knowing visibility conditions, the height of clouds and air pressure. They look carefully at all the forecasts made by aeronautical meteorologists, relying on them greatly when complicated weather conditions are expected.” In coming years, the Centre is expected to receive new equipment — including doppler locators.

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programme

Calculating ‘personal’ inflation

ew can deny their interest in the dynamics of prices for basic goods and services. The topic of rising utility prices, alongside those for food, fuel and public transport, is one seemingly on everyone’s lips. Of course, since everyone’s weekly ‘basket’ differs, estimates offered by the National Statistical Committee apply only to an imaginary average. However, everyone now has the chance to calculate their own index, entering prices for items we buy regularly. The ‘Personal Inflation Calculator’ is available online (via the NSC site) to allow us to compare our ‘basket’ with that used nationally. No doubt, some will find that their situation is

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somewhat better and others perhaps worse. Those who don’t smoke will be unaffected by price rises on cigarettes, while regular users of public transport manage to avoid hikes on fuel prices. “It uses the same formula as that of the consumer price index, which collates data on retail prices and service tariffs,” explains the Chief of the General Office of the National Statistical Committee of Belarus, Alexey Yarkovets. “However, this simplified version looks at price changes for personal sets of goods and services.” Calculating inflation, specialists at the National Statistical Committee use two sets of information: data on the structure of expenditure (from a sample survey of farms); and consumer prices in shopping centres. In all, 450 items are monitored

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National Statistical Committee offers every Belarusian the chance to calculate own consumer price index

news across 7,000 trade and service outlets, comprising goods and services with a share of at least a 0.01 percent of consumer expenditure. After studying the experience of a number of European countries, the National Statistical Committee chose the same model as that used in the UK and Netherlands, rather than the Russian version. Mr. Yarkovets explains, “Our eastern neighbours use prices from the same store every month but this only works if items are available on the shelves. It’s easier to look at how much has been spent on food, or how much on transport or new clothes, as a whole.” The Belarusian calculator will use the amount of expenditure on various product groups rather than individual prices. So, users simply need to enter the amount spent on meat in one month in total, how much on fruit and vegetables, how much on fuel, and so on. Several periods of comparison are accessible: monthly — for regular expenses; yearly; and every three years — for durable goods and long term services. Expenditure on hairdressing or holidays is likely to fit best in a yearly calculation. In addition, the programme requires users to name their region of residence. Without doubt, prices differ across the nation. Users can save the programme on their home computer to look at how their income is being spent (even viewing within graphs and tables). It will allow us to see our ‘personal’ inflation over various time periods and may even inspire people to alter their spending habits. “If you look at your individual data it may be more accurate than using averages,” notes Mr. Yarkovets. Data entered into the ‘Personal Inflation Calculator’ won’t be available to outside users, or to the National Statistical Committee, but the latter will monitor use of the programme online. It also welcomes feedback on the usefulness of the innovation and hopes to refine the database to become even more effective.

Venues for new expansion Industry Ministry enterprises plan new service and dealership centres in Kazakhstan

elarus’ Industry Minister, Dmitry Katerinich, recently met the Governor of the Kostanay Region of Kazakhstan, Nuraly Saduakasov, to discuss further expansion of cooperation in the area of agricultural and automobile machine building. The possibility of promoting Belarusian vehicles on Kazakhstan’s market via leasing schemes was also high on the agenda. The Kazakhs are delighted with the high quality of Belarus-made vehicles being used in the region and are eager to collaborate more closely with Belarusian companies, implementing new projects in industrial production and establishing joint ventures. Heads of leading enterprises took part in the negotiations, including those from Gomselmash, Minsk Tr a c t o r Wo r k s ( M T Z ) , B e l A Z , Minsk Automobile Plant (MAZ), Lidselmash, Lidagroprommash, and Minsk Motor Plant. According to the Industry Ministry, in 2012, its enterprises exported over $250m of vehicles, products and spare parts to Kazakhstan — up 143 percent on 2011.

By Timofey Vinyaminov

2013 беларусь.belarus

exhibition

elarus presented its launching platform and remote control device for the ‘Shershen’ anti-tank missile system publically for the first time in Abu Dhabi. The H.U.S.K.Y unmanned aerial vehicle system (with vertical take-off and landing) also aroused great interest (designed by Indela Design Bureau). A demolition control vehicle and an autonomous ‘Skif ’ anti-tank missile simulator were also on show, with the public invited to try their hand. A ‘Tsitrus’ relay broadcast station was also demonstrated (able to replace ten radiolocation devices).

Of course, the development of the Belarusian militaryindustrial complex, like all aspects of military modernisation, is being conducted in close co-operation with Russian partners. Our defence strength enhances that of the Union State, with which we share common goals. Joint strategic exercises on the Russian Ashuluk and Telemba shooting ranges allow us to assess the effectiveness of our military forces and their equipment. Last year, exercises at Ashuluk involved a Belarusian detachment equipped with the latest

Belarus joins over 1,000 companies from 60 countries in demonstrating latest achievements at IDEX International Defence Exhibition and Conference, hosted by UAE capital of Abu Dhabi Minsk Wheeled Tractor Plant (MZKT) manufactures unique heavy-duty trailers able to cope with any terrain and the most difficult climatic conditions. The Russian ‘Topol-M’ strategic purpose mobile missile system operates on a MZKT chassis, as does the ‘Uragan’ multiple artillery rocket system and the S-300 and S-400 air defence missile systems. The Belarusian ‘Bor’, ‘Polyana RB’, ‘Neman’, ‘Sprut’, ‘Prostor’, ‘Rif-R’ and ‘Protok’ automated control systems remain unrivalled worldwide, uniting combat control systems with communication and intelligence data processing and identification on the battlefield, as well as active exploration. Belarusian enterprises have mastered the repair of S-300 air defence missile systems and improved them. Exercises on the Russian Ashuluk shooting range confirm their high quality, being able to hit even high-speed cruise missiles. Improvements to the S-300 system allow it to operate beyond the usual 30km radius of the senior command post.

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Testing across hot sands and snowy fields ‘Tor-2M’ air defence missile system, with exemplary results. The system uses a MZKT chassis and can simultaneously identify over 40 targets. Moreover, its guidance efficiency and target recognition system is unrivalled worldwide. Two units are now operational in Belarus, with one more launching this year. Annually, many joint Belarusian-Russian military-technical events are organised, with 2013 being no exception. President Alexander Lukashenko has approved the Zapad-2013 (West2013) strategic exercise programme, which is scheduled to take place on Belarusian territory this autumn. Such exercises are organised every other year on a rotational basis between our two states. The forthcoming manoeuvres will include a joint Belarusian-Russian detachment for the first time, as part of the CSTO rapid response collective forces. Territorial defence troops are also taking part. By Kirill Yevmenov

investment

Staff are ultimate asset Belta

China to participate in venture fund project in Belarus

he Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Republic of Korea to Belarus, H.E. Mr. Kang Weon Sik, has told a press conference that Belarus boasts a high level of development in its petrochemical industry. Meanwhile, the Republic of Korea occupies a leading position in the sphere of informationcommunication technologies. “These two areas are interesting to Korean investors on the Belarusian market,” he noted. According to the Ambassador, Korea is fully aware of Belarus’ high level of oil processing and production of petrochemical goods. “Taking into account that these products are in great demand in Korea, Belarus’ expertise and knowledge may be useful,” the diplomat emphasised. Korean companies are also interested in other spheres of Belarusian industry, including automobile production and machine building. “We’re already discussing and elaborating several projects,” the Ambassador explained. He declined giving the names of specific companies attracted to Belarus but noted that several are ‘among the most famous’ in his country. “Negotiations are intensive so I think we’ll see results in a year or two,” the diplomat added. Kang Weon Sik notes that, after the collapse of the Soviet Union, the Republic of Korea experienced an economic boom, leading it to seek new sales markets and production locations. “Looking at Eastern Europe, Russia, Belarus and Ukraine, Belarus has among the lowest production costs in the region. Belarus is famous for its excellent education system and qualified personnel, while boasting well-developed logistics and transport infrastructure. These and other factors naturally attract Korean companies,” the diplomat asserts.

he possibility of establishing a Chinese-Belarusian venture fund was recently discussed by the Chairman of the State Committee on Science and Technologies, Igor Voitov, and the Vice President of China CAMC Engineering Co., Ltd. (CAMCE), Wang Yuhang. According to Mr. Voitov, interaction between Belarus and China in science and technology has already proven fruitful, with major scientific and technical co-operative agreements signed. These constitute the legal foundation for contacts between the R&D organisations of our two states. Moreover, our bilateral commissions on sci-tech co-operation have also proven efficient, as has the Commission for High Technologies, set up in 2012. However, Mr. Voitov stresses that innovations require adequate financial support, so a variety of funding mechanisms need to be explored, including venture financing. Mr. Yuhang emphasised his faith in Belarus’ great scientific potential and highly skilled staff, particularly in the fields of IT, medicine and biotechnology. “They are your main assets: an advantage you should further develop,” he added. “We’re ready to provide certain benefits and financial support to B elarus, via the Chinese-Belarusian Industrial Park, while also helping you attract highly skilled professionals from around the world.” According to the Director of the Belarusian Innovation Fund, Alexander Shumilin, his organisation plans to finance the production of new high-tech goods. “We finance innovative projects, and those related to the manufacture of hightech products. We also want to launch a venture financing mechanism through the Belarusian Fund,” he explains. About 100 projects have already been implemented in medicine and healthcare, environmental protection, the efficient use of energy, microelectronics, and instrument and machine building. Horizont JSC is producing household appliances via the joint project while ZTE Corporation is considering opening a centre to monitor public safety. A tripartite agreement on co-operation is soon to be signed, while proposals regarding several bilateral projects are being considered.

By Vladimir Matveev

By Andrey Anufriev

Attractive sector serves as starting point Republic of Korea keen to invest into Belarusian petrochemistry

2013 беларусь.belarus

construction

Beautiful ideas

ready for implementation A state programme to construct residential districts for Minsk citizens in satellite towns, and to shift major industrial facilities outside the capital, is bringing development to Smolevichi, unveiling new possibilities. The scale of work planned is tremendous, utterly changing the face of Smolevichi. Work has begun to bring the town facilities rivalling those of the capital.

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he skyline of the town will feature a mix of low and high-rise buildings, enabling the population to rise to 38,000 by 2020 and 64,000 by 2030 (up from today’s 16,000). No d oubt , i ndust r i a l pl ant s , business centres, entertainment and trading facilities and administrative buildings will soon be attracted, as Smolevichi is just 38km from the capital, with two major roads passing nearby. In addition, it has a railway, a national airport and wonderful countryside, making it a beautiful and convenient place to live. As Smolevichi District Executive Committee notes, incredible impetus for development is expected, and there’re intentions to fulfil state programmes in tighter terms. The integral town-building idea includes a new residential district designed to blend with the existing environment. A public centre is to launch close to the new town square (near the Smolevichi water reservoir) while recreational and sporting zones are also to appear. Work began last year, with the construction of a football stadium and a site for cultural events. In 2013, a ski-roller track is to be laid, while a stadium and neighbouring areas are be fully developed. The public centre’s facilities will include a business centre (with hotel and car park), a museum, a restaurant, cafes and bars, a cinema and a leisure complex featuring a swimming pool, sauna and bowling alley. T he l ow r is e Nor t h - We ste r n residential district (near the village of Lipki, on the road leading to Zhodino) will feature all necessary infrastructure: schools, kindergartens, shops, cultural and communal facilities and local services. A ninestorey building will be housing 142 Minsk families and, in Q3, a large building is to be built for Smolevichi residents. In addition, the central

construction part of town will undergo gradual reconstruction. N a t u r a l l y, t r a n s p o r t i n f r a structure will be vital. The MinskSmolevichi road is to gain four lanes while a new flyover crossroads is to be built over Magistralnaya Street. A wide main road will connect the satellite district with the new public centre and Smolevichi’s old centre while a semi ring road will allow traffic to flow freely. The road will also pass over the railway line. The package of measures should improve town infrastructure and the residential environment, allowing people to enjoy the same standards as are found in Minsk — for water q u a l i t y, h e at i n g a n d d r a i n a g e , modern communication, electricity and gas supply and waste collection and processing. To improve air quality, industrial and agricultural facilities are to shift outside of the town. Meanwhile, a natural recreational zone is to be developed along the Plisa River. Industrial plants will be located in the South-West, joining some existing enter pr is es, and a ne w industrial zone is planned for the Smolevichi-Plisa road. The ChineseB elarusian Industrial Park aims to attract high-tech firms and will be unique in Belarus, offering the ultimate in business convenience; logistics centres, hotel accommodation and office space, in addition to financial premises and scientific labs are planned. Enterprises specialising in electronics, bio-medicine and machine building are sought for the site, which is expected to have around $5.6bn injected into its infrastructure over the coming 10-15 years. Few can argue that the plans are impressive. Soon, the town will be enjoying a modern, convenient and harmonious environment, which will only grow more beautiful with time. Innovative ideas are ready for implementation. By Boris Mikhalev

Convenience and comfort above all All Belarusian roads in order by 2017

ince February 1st, Belavtodor department at the Transport Ministry of Belarus has received a flurry of calls on its new ‘125’ phone number, reporting problems with roads. Although, no daily statistics are kept, the traffic control service received about 150 calls in a single day early on, mostly from the capital region. There should soon be fewer calls and complaints, as major works are carried out nationwide on the main highways. Among the first being tackled is the road between Minsk and Gomel. “Work on this highway is being done in three stages,” notes Yevgeny Rokalo, who heads the administration of Belavtodor Road Network Maintenance Department. This year, the road from Pukhovichi to Bobruisk is to be revamped, followed by the Bobruisk-Zhlobin route. The segment from Gomel to Zhlobin is to be ready by 2014. This year, road builders also promise to complete work on parts of the Minsk-Mogilev route and will reconstruct the M5 highway (Minsk-Gomel). Meanwhile, the 1st category routes of Minsk-Grodno and Minsk-Vitebsk are to be upgraded, alongside the MinskMikashevichi highway, which will join the 1st category.

2013 беларусь.belarus

panorama  In network of mobile traffic Mobile operator MTS discovers which Minsk streets are busiest for roaming Internet service

 Even faster connections National telecommunications operator ready to offer Internet speeds of up to 50 Mbit/s

he average data transfer speed in Belarus is currently about 1.5 Mbit/s. As the Director General of Beltelecom, Sergey Popkov, notes, this ‘lags behind advanced countries in the field of information and communication technologies’. “To eliminate the digital divide, new data transfer technologies are being developed in the country, including xPON and Ethernet; the former is more expensive but does offer lower operating costs,” he emphasises. Recently, Beltelecom has been using the xPON network across the country’s major cities. Ultimately, up to 800 million subscribers could be connected, enjoying data transfer speeds of up to 50 Mbit/s.

ezavisimosti and Pobediteley avenues, alongside Yakub Kolas, Surganov and Moskovskaya streets are all hot spots for mobile Internet access but Kropotkin Street is the surprising winner. Almost 2km long, the narrow thoroughfare crosses the key city arteries of Masherov Avenue and Vera Khoruzhaya Street and is a hub of business activity. Restaurants and banks are found beside a large jewellery store and lingerie shop, the Polish Consulate, a hospital for contagious diseases and several office buildings. MTS press secretary Tatiana Kurbat notes, “Where large crowds gather usage always rises. While queuing at the bank or consulate, or waiting their turn at the hospital, people tend to log on. Cafes are also prime sites for online browsing, with mobile Internet proving more popular than the use of traditional laptops.” A number of dormitories are also located in Kropotkin Street, with residents using their cell phones and 3Gmodems creating the largest amount of traffic at the weekends.

 Park lives and thrives Hi-Tech Park sets itself ever more ambitious goals, including two venture funds

ccording to the Director of the High-Tech Park Administration, Valery Tsepkalo, the first venture fund will support start-up companies while the second fund will invest in companies already up and running, generating revenue. Foreign investors are now sought and the 10,000 square metre open plan business incubator should have premises by the second half of this year. Its opening will aid IT-education and local start-ups. The Park is also soon to gain a training centre, with a land site applied for. Many Park residents are involved in creating mobile applications: one of the fastest growing trends of our time. Over the past year, 13 firms have joined the Park, employing 2,500 people. In total, there are 118 residents producing revenue from sale of software products and services. They are generating around Br3.1 trillion, with 90 percent coming from exports to America, Europe, the CIS and Asia.

 Belarusian analogue of Skype Beltelecom to launch eSpace service

he Belarusian equivalent of the Skype service should come online in 2013, allowing customers to use voice communication via their broadband connection, rather than phone line. However, unlike Skype, Beltelecom’s new service will be available only to subscribers of the national telecom operator, assigned to a fixed phone number for use via personal computer or mobile phone. “We’ll be broadening the functionality of fixed phone numbers by allowing customers to use them on other devices, with more flexibility,” notes Beltelecom’s Deputy Director General for Technology, Sergey Sivodedov.

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panorama  Technology for Egyptian satellite Belarusian special equipment to be installed in EgyptSat, scheduled for launch in 2014

 Almost everything seen from above

he Russian Rocket and Space Corporation, Energia, has asked Belarusian Peleng to make the electrooptical equipment for the satellite. Already, the enterprise has orders to the value of about $135m: eight times more than the cost of the Belarusian spacecraft ($16m). Peleng is also providing devices for sending and processing space data from the satellite.

Geospatial data from Belarusian satellite to be shared

Regional TV channels to broadcast in digital format using synchronous frequencies

contract has been signed by the Geoinformation Systems scientific and engineering enterprise of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, with the Innoter Geoinnovation Agency (GIA Innoter), to provide geospatial data. According to the terms, the national operator of the Belarusian satellite is providing GIA Innoter with microframes of panchromatic and polyzonal imagery (files of RPC-coefficients for the total area of 2,740sq.km). The Director of Geoinformation Systems, Sergey Zolotoy, tells us that data provided by the Belarusian operator will be used by GIA Innoter for research, in conjunction with American company Geo22. Satellite images will be used to determine the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of woodlands and wood species and to assess damage caused by forest fires, air pollution and illegal logging, for the Ministry of Forests and Soil Conservation of Nepal. As in many other regions of the planet, forests in Nepal are being cut down and contaminated, leading to the extinction of birds, animals and plants. Nepal has been classified by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) as a high-risk ecological zone in Asia.

 Local news available

Egypt has launched its own satellites previously (initially using Ukrainian technology), but lacked powerful telescopes. The new device will be able to shoot with resolution almost to the metre (improving on the Belarusian satellite’s 2.1m accuracy). The future Belarusian satellite, which will replace the BKA, may even achieve 0.5 metre resolution. Of course, this raises the cost considerably, notes the Chief Engineer of Geoinformation Systems, at the NAS of Belarus, Oleg Semenov. He explains, “Transition even to one metre resolution increases the cost of the equipment more than four-fold.” The Belarusian satellite was launched on July 22nd, 2012, from the Baikonur cosmodrome in Kazakhstan, providing full coverage of the territory of Belarus from space. This provides not only for domestic needs but allows Belarus to sell data abroad, generating revenue. Azerbaijan and Venezuela are among those most keen.

he Ministry of Information and the Ministry of Communications and Informatisation of Belarus are exploring the possibility of regional channels broadcasting on synchronous frequencies. Low power transmitters would ensure that signals covered only a small area, notes the Deputy Information Minister, Dmitry Shedko. He hopes that the transition from analogue to digital broadcasting won’t be accompanied by the loss of regional broadcasting, since local channels have good quality programmes which take part in the Televershina TV Contest. “People enjoy their local news programmes, which rarely feature in the national news, so we aim to preserve these during the transition to ‘digital’ broadcasting,” the Deputy Minister asserts. A new TV channel, Belarus 3, is to launch, ‘making full use of the potential of the first digital multiplex’, according to Mr. Shedko. Currently, the first multiplex includes seven television programmes (Belarus 1, ONT, Belarus 2, STV, RTRBelarus, NTV-Belarus and Mir) and one radio programme (First National Channel of Belarusian Radio). State programming is introducing digital television and radio by 2015, since other countries are completing the transition to digital broadcasting by July 17th, 2015.

2013 беларусь.belarus

panorama  Animation and multiplication attract attention

 International forum to mark Constitutional Court’s anniversary

The Constitutional Court of Belarus intends to hold an international forum involving colleagues from Europe and the former Soviet Union to mark its 20th anniversary that will be celebrated in 2014

t’s planned to present the Belarusian Constitutional Court activities dealing with providing supremacy of the Constitution, protection of constitutional rights and freedoms of citizens, as well as experience sharing.

 Logo on uniforms Around a thousand volunteers needed in Minsk for 2014 IIHF World Championship

During a working meeting with the President of Belarus Alexander Lu k a s h e n k o, t h e C h a i r m a n o f the C onstitutional C ourt, Piotr Miklashevich, informed that activities of the Constitutional Court of Belarus dealing with provision of constitutional legitimacy would be more effective. It was noted at the meeting that constitutional control over rulemaking should be enhanced in order to improve the efficiency of law impact in various fields. It is expected that in the near future the Parliament will adopt a draft law on constitutional proceedings submitted by the President. Due to the new jurisdictional basis the Constitutional Court activities of approving the constitutional legality of rulemaking and law enforcement will become more efficient.

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tudents from Minsk’s State Linguistic University, the BSU and the Belarusian State University of Physical Culture are to be encouraged to apply to help with the event from March onwards, explains Yevgeny Vorsin, the Chairman of the Belarusian Ice Hockey Federation and the Head of the Directorate for the World Championship. No doubt, it will be a wonderful experience for all those involved. Special uniforms bearing logos will identify volunteers taking part. In all, 56 hotel complexes will be accommodating guests, in addition to eleven student dormitories and seven Student Village hostels. Serious attention is being paid to security and a memorandum is being prepared to fix hotel tariffs during the World Championship. Jointly with a ticket operator, a ticket programme has been developed, and the event is now to be widely promoted abroad via the official tourist operator, TsentrKurort. The 2014 IIHF World Championship has already been promoted via the largest tourist exhibition in London, and a similar presentation is planned in Germany, followed by another eight major venues.

he Director of Animation at National Film Studio Belarusfilm, Igor Galinovsky, tells us that six films are being released this year, with five being short cartoons: A Fish Called ‘Forbidden’-4 by Alexander Lenkin, About a Girl Called Zhenya-3 by Tatiana Zhitkovskaya, Little Mouse by Vladimir Petkevich, Tales of the Old Piano. Chopin by Irina Kodyukova, and Roaster from the Well by Irina Tarasova. In February, work will begin on Belarus’ first full-length animated film: Nesterka’s Adventures. Igor Volchek’s work will premiere at Minsk’s House of Cinema on March 25th. Another six projects are in the pipeline: Lark’s Song by Tatiana Kublitskaya, Rodnocarpiccioso of Igor Volchek, A Fish Called ‘Forbidden’-5 by Alexander Lenkin, About the Ox by Yevgeny Nadtochy, Piggie by Vladimir Petkevich, and A Bygone Tale6 (Mikhail Tumelya, Yevgeny Nadtochy, Natalia Kostyuchenko, Tatiana Kublitskaya Alexander Lenkin, Ksenia Maryanova and Olga Ptichkina).

 Cruiser from Pinsk First Belarusian cruise liner being built at Pinsk Shipbuilding and Repairing Plant

he oil powered cruise ship for tourists’ sightseeing should be afloat by late 2014, making trips from Brest to Kiev, with stops en-route. “This project is part of the Pripyat Polesie natural resources programme, promoting enjoyment of our environment,” explains Chief Engineer Stanislav Stefanovich. “The 44m ship being made for Dneprobugvodput enterprise will have two levels, meeting all modern requirements, and will be 7m in width.” Pinsk’s shipbuilders already have experience of building similar oil powered ships, of smaller size, which travel through the Vitebsk and Mogilev regions. The new cruise ship will be the first of its class created there.

panorama  Virtual experiment takes into account preferences of applicants Most state universities to accept virtual applications for 2013 admission

T  Bears to return to Belovezhskaya Pushcha Around 80 brown bears live in Belarusian forests but the figure was 3.5-fold greater just a decade ago

rown bears are registered in the Red Book, being vulnerable to deforestation and disturbance from hunting. In the 19th century, the Belovezhskaya Pushcha was known for its bears but now has none at all in permanent residence. The National Academy of Sciences is working with the reserve to repopulate the forest, with the Frankfurt Zoological Society — the initiator of the idea — offering financial assistance. Similar programmes have proven successful in relocating bears from Romania and Slovenia to Italy and France, Spain and Norway.

 Warm words for good actions

Japanese grateful to Belarus for help in tackling consequences of disaster at Fukushima-1 nuclear power station

elarusian-Japanese co-operation and developing relations have been discussed at a meeting between the Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Belarus to Japan, H.E. Mr. Sergey Rakhmanov, and

According to Vadim Sidorovich, a senior research officer at the National Academy of Sciences’ Scientific and Practical Centre for Bioresources, the major goal is environmental. He tells us, “Brown bears do spend winter in the Belovezhskaya Pushcha, as the Ruzhanskaya Pushcha and the Vygonoshchansky reserve are located nearby. Accordingly, they could also settle there. However, we can’t just release 20 bears and hope for the best. We need to take it slowly, perhaps bringing in eight animals a year, introduced as couples in four locations. They’d have radio collars, allowing us to monitor their movements. We could then introduce phase two of our repopulation programme.” The National Park, nearby forestries and rural residents are keen on the idea, so splayfooted bears are likely to be brought from Russia.

he Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics is developing an automated electronic system to receive applications for various specialties, and with various faculties. “This year’s school graduates will be offered the chance to select five specialties,” notes the Pro-rector for Academic Affairs and Informatisation at the BSUIR, Boris Nikulshin. “There will be two stages: first, for central television production speciality; and, then, technico-technological and economic specialities.” Last year, seven higher education institutions participated and, this year, most state universities will take part. “We want to compare the preferences of applicants, to see which courses are most popular, before they receive their examination grades. We may allow submission of applications at the same time as Centralised Testing to see how far students are applying for particular institutions or courses as ‘safe bets’ rather than applying for their true heart’s desire,” explains the Pro-rector of the BSUIR.

deputies from the lower chamber of the Japanese Government, who are members of the Association of Friendship and Parliamentary Ties with the Republic of Belarus. “During the meeting, the Japanese expressed gratitude for the assistance provided in tackling the consequences of the catastrophe at the Fukushima-1 nuclear power station and confirmed their interest in promoting bilateral collaboration,” stresses the Belarusian Foreign Ministry.

2013 беларусь.belarus

scientific breakthrough

Goats beyond compare The Scientific and Practical Centre for Animal Breeding (part of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus) is located near the small town of Zhodino. There, you’ll find a herd of goats who, like all of their kind, will eat from your hand and allow themselves to be petted. However, they are not there for our amusement.

ather, they are part of a cutting edge scientific project to produce the rare and precious lactoferrin protein. A single gram sells for a phenomenal price,

беларусь.belarus 2013

being a vital ingredient in the medicines of tomorrow. After joint work by Belarusian and Russian scientists, over many years, a human gene has been successfully implanted within the goats, allowing their milk to contain lactoferrin. The Director General, Nikolay Popkov, tells

us, “Looking at the wider picture, we’ve made a serious scientific breakthrough. Do you remember Dolly the sheep being cloned abroad a few years ago? It inspired speculation worldwide. Our work has far greater significance, and involves far more complex technologies, including surgical.”

rehabilitation The next step is using the protein effectively in medicines, which has been the subject of joint BelarusianRussian research since 2003. Belarusian experts have been learning the secrets of transplanting human gene in animals from Russian colleagues. The transgenic goats being used in Russia today are descendants of the first transgenic goats, Lak-1 and Lak-2, which remain at the Belarusian Scientific and Practical Centre for Animal Breeding (SPC). The Head of the Biochemistry Department at the Belarusian State Un ive rs it y, Igor S e m a k , n ote s , “Lactoferrin is a unique multifunctional protein with anti-inflammatory and immune-boosting properties, making it suitable for use in medicine, cosmetology and the artificial feeding of infants. A number of children are born with allergies to cow’s milk and to particular foods.” Before moving f rom theor y to medical practice,

many complicated problems need to be solved. A litre of transgenic goat’s milk contains only about 5 grams of miraculous human lactoferrin. At the Science and Practical Centre, we’re shown a small glass jar containing a w h it e c r y s t a l l i n e powder: the miraculous substance. To create even a little, a herd of impressive size is required. The Zhodino SPC has about 150 modified goats and is building a farm to house another 250. However, about 1,0001,500

goats are needed, according to the Head of its Reproduction and Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Alexander Budevich. This would deliver 120-150 litres of milk per day, from which the protein would be extracted. Even more difficult is the task of developing medicines using lactoferrin and their thorough testing, in line with legislation. It’s a new path for scientists but some mysteries are already being solved. Valentina Rubakhova, a researcher at the Institute of Physiology (NAS of Belarus) shows us slides of rat cells exposed to lactoferrin. “It’s a serious issue for us to protect mankind from the ill-affects of drugs since many, such as antibiotics, can have a strongly adverse effect on the body. After the injection of tetracycline into a rat’s stomach, the mucosae become inflamed and multiple haemorrhages appear, leading to ulcers. When we add lactoferrin, t h e n e g at ive effects a l m o s t disappear.” In other experiments, rats receiving lactoferrin in nutrition gain significant weight, compared to the control group. Of course, this is only the beginning. To drive forward research and avoid wasting time, the BelRosFarm action plan lays forth goals for 20142018, aiming to develop highly effective and safe biological medicines and food products using human lac tofer r in produced artificially, alongside adequate pilot production. By Egor Krymov

Artificial salt caves to appear at Minsk-Arena Minsk-Arena is to be equipped with artificial speleo-rooms imitating the conditions of natural rock-salt mines, using unique technology developed by Candidate of Medical Sciences Anatoly Bogdanovich. The idea has already been in use at the Republican Hospital of Speleotreatment in Soligorsk, and at several Belagrozdravnitsa sanatoriums.

ven a short stay in such a room helps restore vitality: just 2.5 hours of sleep in a speleo-room is equal to eight hours ordinary rest. In addition, passive recreation in such an environment increases muscle strength and endurance, as well as improving hand-eye co-ordination. The benefits, especially for athletes, are obvious. Moreover, the treatment strengthens the immune system and alleviates the symptoms of respiratory diseases such as asthma and pneumonia. It also subdues hyper- and hypotension. The project is in the early stages of development but is scheduled for launch this year.

2013 беларусь.belarus

services

Granny for an hour without problems

he wartime generation truly appreciates friendship and mutual support. Its desire to help is a need. Sofya Tsurko notes, “We are children of the war, having seen mud huts and ruins. My mother supported us financially and was responsible for the household. Of course, we were glad to help but our strength had its limits; we dreamt of growing up quickly, to start our own life and earn money. My

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choice of profession was no surprise to anyone: a typesetter at Polespechat printing office. I took a room at a hostel and began studying with Moscow’s Polygraphic Institute, by correspondence. I also worked as a brigade member. Sadly, my eyesight suffered and, even after an operation, I never regained my full vision. I then joined a society for the support of sight-impaired people, where we encourage each other to fulfil our potential.” Some of our heart’s desires remain a whole lifetime and those of Ms. Tsurko

are no exception. She always dreamt of being on stage and eventually found her niche reciting poetry and singing in a choir. Continuing through her retirement, she was awarded at the Veterans’ Soul Never Grows Old contest. A year ago, Ms. Tsurko heard of the Elderly are a Golden Resource of Society project (run by Gomel’s Social Projects Regional Public Association). She was initially interested in classes on landscape design and on becoming an excursion guide. Meanwhile, the ‘Granny for an Hour’ volunteer initia-

news tive is being implemented as part of the national programme ‘Dialogue is the Venue’, supported by the Memory, Responsibility and Future German Fund. However, co-ordinator Irina Kekukh recognised that women such as Ms. Tsurko are much needed by lone mothers and by families without their own grannies. By taking on child-care responsibilities, elderly women gain a new sense of purpose and create valuable bonds with the younger generations. Of course, training is useful, reminding the ‘grannies’ of ways to amuse children: the telling of fairy-tales and the playing of games. “There were about thirty of us and I was rather worried as to what kind of children I might be asked to look after,” Ms. Tsurko admits. At last, she met little Zhenya... “I was greeted by her family as an old friend. Oksana, her mother, was very chatty and Zhenechka was open and welcoming, saying, “Granny, would you love to see my toys?” We established an immediate friendship, playing with dolls for a while and then went for a walk...” Ms. Tsurko tends to look after Zhenya on Saturdays, so that her mother can go to the market, shops or sauna. “We visit the park — riding on the merry-go-round, feeding ducks and squirrels, and admiring the majestic Rumyantsev-Paskevich Palace. We used  ‘G ra n ny fo r a n H o u r ’ i s a voluntary, unpaid programme involving non-employed pensioners. Of course, our busy modern lives and lack of close family living nearby can bring challenges for working mothers. Being able to use the ‘Granny for an Hour’ service is a true ‘lifesaver’. Already popular abroad, in the USA and in many European states, the scheme usually involves women aged over 50, who have life experience and their own children and grandchildren. In fact, the service can cost $100-150 per hour.

Sofya Tsurko convinced that only those with kind hearts are suitable as volunteers to visit St. Peter and Paul’s Cathedral, lighting candles for those in poor health. Afterwards, we’d have an ice cream (with money given by Oksana), sitting on a bench.” Outings include riverside walks and picnics in warmer weather, with blanket, mineral water and sandwiches, as well as books. After 4pm, Sofya takes the girl home. Initially, Oksana would phone her ‘granny child-carer’ every hour to check on things but now feels completely at ease with the situation and makes far fewer calls. She trusts Sofya utterly. The ‘Granny for an Hour’ service has brought happiness to many Gomel families, with kindly ladies looking after children as their own — all free of charge. By Tatiana Lysenkova

In Western Europe, according to statistical data, almost 25 percent of children are being raised by single mothers, so ‘Fathers for an Hour’ is another service gaining in popularity. The men simply spend time with the children, accompanying them on days out, to parties or school trips. They provide a ‘masculine’ influence, especially important for boys. They can be a listening ear or a shoulder to cry upon, or someone to take shopping. In Russia, the service tends to cost 500-600 Russian Roubles per hour.

Learning chess — at the age of four English language lessons and lunch dishes of your choice... What other reasons inspire parents to choose private kindergartens?

very parent dreams of their child attending a good kindergarten. In recent years, the Ministry of Education has been supporting the creation of new private pre-school institutions, as well as state run. We visit Minsk’s pre-school Daddy Fox to find out how private kindergartens differ from their state run counterparts, as well as learning of potential challenges. Interestingly, the name comes from Antoine de Saint-Exupery’s Little Prince, where the Fox tells the hero that we are responsible for those whom we tame and that only the heart can see to the core of things. It’s also rare in mixing children of different ages. The founder and direc tor of Daddy Fox, Anna Moiseeva, has four children of her own. She’s happy to chat about her Frunzensky District nursery, which sports a large room filled with various game zones; there’s an abundance of toys. Indoor plants are found in the cosy corner, with its colourful furniture and soft music. There’s a feeling of a true home environment. Next door to the games room is a sleeping area and an educational room whose walls are covered in posters of numbers. There are even English words stuck to the furniture. Every detail seems to inspire learning from the youngest age. Ms. Moiseeva asserts that this isn’t the main aim of her kindergarten though. She explains, “Ideally, children should stay with their mother until they’re about seven, since an ‘umbilical cord’ connects them until that time. However, if parents need to send their child to kindergarten, I think it’s best to preserve the wonder of childhood.

2013 беларусь.belarus

village business

Enthusiasts live in Zhuravichi Whatever age we live in, young people are attracted by large cities. New horizons call. However, modern reality is sometimes different: it’s possible to achieve the greatest heights even in the quietest provincial village.

he v i l l age of Zhuravichi, in the Rogachev District, is well known to lovers of Belarusian classical literature as the birthplace of famous writer Andrey Makayonok. Meanwhile, entrepreneur Natalia Gaponova is also making a name for herself in Zhuravichi, being a driving force of private initiative. We agree our meeting by phone and, on arriving at the train station in the agro-town of Dovsk (a dozen kilometres from Zhuravichi) I await collection. I’m expecting a mature lady but Natalia is no more than 30, arriving in her modern silver jeep. My surprise clearly shows on my face but she explains that her father and husband have helped her with their support and faith in her abilities. On our way to the village, Natasha tells me her story. Her father was born in Zhuravichi but moved to Russia for work long ago, meeting Natasha’s mother there. The family returned to Belarus and she grew up in Zhuravichi (then a busy district centre) until the Chernobyl disaster. Natasha’s family

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DEMOGRAPHY every day. It’s low-season now, so Natalia only collects about a tonne of milk daily. In summer, this rises to 2.5 tonnes. “We need to work hard — to collect milk and help people earn money,” she asserts.

Post office host Ms. Gaponova also has another business in the off-season. She’s the first countrywide to buy a former post office at auction (for Br100,000 — around $11). Several years ago, it closed, being no longer needed. The single storey building has a tree growing through the roof and the floorboards are cracking but Natalia is determined to convert it into a private home. I feel quite sorry for her, asking where she lives at present. In fact, with her husband and two year old daughter, she lives in her parents’ old home, which she plans to rent later on. There are people in our village who need a place to live. In addition, some come to our village on business and we don’t have a hotel.” All Natalia’s plans seem reasonable and she clearly has everything well thought-out, despite being a real ground-breaker. Natalia’s ideas for her new home are just as exacting. She tells us, “I’ll definitely keep the stove as it’ll be lovely for guests to sit by in the evening; you rarely come across them in the city. They’ll be able to warm their hands and won’t want to leave.” Natalia clearly loves her native Zhuravichi, mentioning the village endlessly and praising its tranquillity. She feels confident of running her own business and raising her children here. She also keeps an online presence, via social networks, regularly adding new photos and updating news on Zhuravichi. She is eager to let everyone know about the beauty of the village. Not long ago, Natalia’s father returned to Zhuravichi and bought a building at auction, intending to open a shop. No doubt, the story will have a happy ending. By Violetta Dralyuk

Vitaliy Gil

then moved to Moscow, like many others who relocated. “However, I wanted to return to my family home. It had been boarded up but I felt a compulsion about a decade ago to change my life. Initially, I spent time revamping the house and, later, decided to raise cows, goats, pigs and bulls. I even had my own beehives. All my ventures have proven successful but I began to dread sending the animals to slaughter… and other ideas came to me,” she explains. Her huge eyes sparkle with enthusiasm, which must be what inspires her to new ventures. She continues, “The district authorities invited me to collect milk from villagers: a job previously done by a local agricultural company. I visit homes to purchase milk from villagers and then send it to a processing facility. It aims to encourage private enterprise.” Ms. Gaponova met her husband in the village and they run the business together using a mini-bus (bought on credit), alongside collecting vats and equipment to measure milk quality. “I was shocked to learn that people get up at 4am to milk their cows, so I have to collect from around 5am; it took some time for me to get used to the routine and there were bumps in the road at first. You need an individual approach, as everyone is different; some elderly people are more keen to chat than sell their milk; one wonderful family of pensioners lives in the village of Prilepovka, keeping seven cows. There are few strong enough to undertake such work of course,” admits Natalia. Ms. Gaponova is a ‘pioneer’ in the district regarding private milk collection but similar entrepreneurs now operate across most of the area, visiting villages, sending milk for processing and then transferring payments to villagers. The Gaponovs have two mini-buses now and have even bought refrigerators to store collected milk. The couple visit over 250 houses across several villages

Full-face and side-view National Statistical Committee paints portrait of modern woman of Belarus: aged 42, married, whose native language is Belarusian yet who tends to converse in Russian, prefers urban living and has higher or specialised secondary education, while becoming a mother at 25

n January 1st, 2013, the number of women in the country stood at 5.1 million (54 percent of the total). In fact, 76 percent live in urban areas and they outnumber men: 1,152 to1000. This ratio rises in cities and towns (1,166 women), and is less in rural areas (1,109). Among the urban population, men outnumber women up to the age of 29 and, in rural areas, outnumber women until the age of 57. Clearly, young women from rural areas tend to leave to continue their education and to find employment. Additionally, men experience higher mortality, rarely reaching retirement age. The greatest gender disparity is observed among the elderly: 1,475 women aged 60-69 years per thousand men in cities and towns, falling to 1,359 in rural areas. Over the age of 70, women outnumber men 2.3 fold in cities and towns, and 2.5 times in villages. According to the UNDP, the ‘natural’ difference in expected life span between men and women is about five years. This figure is 10-12 years in Belarus and has been so for about two decades.

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modern technologies

Swallows’ nests Lepel style International teams of volunteers construct ‘energy efficient’ settlement in Lepel District

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he Vitebsk Region’s Lepel District is known far and wide for its Berezina Biosphere Reserve — one of Europe’s largest protected natural territories. Included in the UNESCO programme, there is even a village within the site: Stary Lepel.Over the last decade, Belarusian and German partners have been implementing a curious project in the village, building 26 homes from natural clay, wood chips and reeds. Residents have been found from amongst those resettled from Belarusian towns affected by the Chernobyl nuclear disaster. Swallows use almost the same materials to build their nests, which are surprisingly strong, warm and durable. Even the main cultural and medical institutions are being built there using the same technology, funded by the Global Environmental Facility.

modern technologies Growing plans

The Executive Director of the international charitable public association EcoDom, Yuri Suprinovich, tells us that construction began on the energy efficient houses in the Lepel District back in 2001. The German Heimstatt Tschernobyl e.V. (house instead of Chernobyl) charity gave them the idea of resettling young families from districts contaminated by Chernobyl radiation and, of course, Lepel — with its Berezinsky Biosphere Reserve — is one of the cleanest locations not only in Belarus but in Europe. Belarusian volunteers selected candidates for relocation, initially intending to build ten eco-homes in Stary Lepel. This grew to twenty and, now, thirty are planned. The relocation programme is proving extremely popular.

Hand-made cottage Yelena and Ivan Baran, from the Bragin District, moved in to an ecohome in Stary Lepel in 2004, with their three children. Ivan recollects that they agreed to the move in a desire to give the children a new start. “Settlers had to help in building their homes, alongside volunteers. We didn’t know which homes would belong to who, only drawing lots on completion,” Mr. Baran explains. His wife admits that their home is very warm, adding, “Over winter, one load of firewood and another of peat briquettes can heat six rooms, located over two storeys. Previously, we were surrounded by wasteland and dirt; now, the settlement looks rather contemporary. You can’t distinguish a clay house from brick. Even the village cultural and educational centre has been built using energy efficient technologies. Our youngest daughter, Masha, aged 9, goes there for music and art lessons, which she enjoys. We love our home, as does my sister’s family; she’s moved into a neighbouring house.”

Technology designed for centuries

The secret of the eco-homes is the use of concrete foundations and a strong timber frame, with professional builders joined by future occupants and volunteers. As we might expect, the work teams of Belarusian, German and Italian enthusiasts become very friendly. A mixture of clay, woodchips and water fills the interior of a timber frame and, when the clay has set, the wooden façade is removed. It takes around six months for the clay to harden completely, giving superb insulation. Walls are covered with a cane grid inside and two layers of cane fibreboard externally, with the greatest layer of reed cane insulation placed inside the roof: 15cm thick. Finally, walls are plastered. Mr. Suprinovich emphasis es t hat t h e c ons t r u c t i on materials have proven themselves with time. He explains,

shares employment with neighbouring Yurkovichi at the contemporary Lepel Dairy Canned Factory. The two villages will also share use of a medical and obstetrics clinic opening in Stary Lepel this autumn. Also constructed using energy saving technology, locals joke that the very walls will aid recovery. The nearest hospital is currently located in the district centre. A contemporary boiler house, fuelled by wood pellets, is also being set up, including solar panels, funded by the Global Environmental Facility (established in the early 1990s by the UN), in conjunction with the Lepel District Executive Committee and Ecodom public association. Alexander Levchenko, the national co-ordinator of the Small Grant Programme at the Global Environmental Facility, and the UN representative in Belarus, tells us that 13 further projects a re b e i n g i mp l e -

Clay houses may stand for 300-400 years and all the materials used are ultimately biodegradable and environmentally friendly “Woodchips come from production waste and are available in every district. Clay comes from a local agricultural enterprise and reed canes can be collected from the nearest lake. Their structure has natural insulating properties.” Interestingly, clay houses may stand for 300-400 years and all the materials used are ultimately bio-degradable and environmentally friendly.

Healthy endeavour The Lepel District Executive Committee supports the project, paying for the laying of roads, alongside gas and water pipes. Houses are provided free of charge for settlers who join the current thousand residents and the village

mented in the Vitebsk Region, with financial assistance from the Global Environmental Facility. A wind turbine is already operating at Vidzy Lyceum of Farm Production, located in the Braslav District, producing enough electricity to light its own rabbit breeding farm and a repair shop. The GEF is also supporting funding of Rosinka Sanatorium in the Miory District, which has acquired a solar panel to heat water for washing dishes in the canteen. In total, the organisation has allocated $3m for 86 projects in Belarus — all designed to save energy and be environmentally friendly, improving village life in the best way possible. By Sergey Golesnik

2013 беларусь.belarus

books

Books in modern format Everyone loves to receive a book as a gift but what role do book shops play in our age of electronic reading? n the eve of the New Year, Minsk received a pleasant ‘present’: a new book shop on Nezavisimosti Avenue. It offers a wide choice of editions in Belarusian and foreign languages (imported directly from Europe). As the First Deputy Head of the Presidential Administration, Alexander Radkov, noted at the opening of Knigi & Knizhechki (Large and Small Books), the shop is truly ‘European’. With modern fittings and shelves laid out attractively, labelled in Belarusian and English, it’s very inviting. Air conditioning and the playing of traditional folk music add to visitors’ comfort.

Works by Belarusian authors occupy a central place, including novels by modern writers, each with eye-catching covers. There are even reproductions of the Slutsk Gospel and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania’s Statute. Prices are cheaper than those of the Russian publishing house and there’s a large department of foreign literature — supplied directly from abroad. “This is a true present for book lovers and those working in publishing,” stresses the Information Minister, Oleg Proleskovsky, adding, “As e-books are gaining increasing popularity, not all countries can afford to open new book shops.” Belarusian publishing houses have begun producing e-books but, according to the official, Belarusians still prefer reading printed editions; 3.5-4 books are published per capita annually — a high figure among European states.

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Leading capital for book publishing Minsk applies to be World Book Capital in 2017

ollowing the 20th Minsk International Book Fair, Belarus’ Deputy Information Minister, Lilia Ananich, asserts that Belarus’ spiritual life has been brought to the level of information policy. “It was not the number of events which was the most important at the fair (an impressive 270 during the jubilee forum) but the fact that Belarus demonstrated its high level of national book culture, spirituality and statehood. Our spiritual culture and legacy match our state information policy and ideology,” underlines the First Deputy Minister.

2012 was the Year of Books, showing Belarus’ commitment to book publishing and the promotion of reading; over 11,000 books were released in the Republic, with a total circulation of about 34 million copies. Naturally, the best editions went on show at the recent fair, including such landmark editions as a copy of the 12th century Polotsk Gospel — the first Belarusian book and one of the most ancient and precious to date. The recent Minsk Book Fair gathered a record number of guests and participants, from 25 countries: Azerbaijan, Armenia, Venezuela, Germany, India, Iran, Italy, Kazakhstan, China, Cuba, Lithuania, Moldova, Poland, Russia, Slovakia, the USA, Finland, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Turkey, Ukraine and France — plus Palestine and Serbia for the first time. The National BelExpo Exhibition Centre housed over 600 stands, including about 400 from Belarus. Following the 20th International Book Fair, Minsk is applying for the title of World Book Capital in 2017 — when it will be celebrating the 500th anniversary of the first Belarusian language book being published by our fellow countryman, Frantsisk Skorina — a famous eastern Slavonic printer and enlightener.

presentation

Launch of Vladimir Likhodedov’s In Search of the Lost at 20th Minsk International Book Fair

ell-known in B elarus and abroad, he has published 13 albums of postcards over the past six years, via three Belarusian publishing houses. All are united under a single title: In Search of the Lost. Editions include Minsk: Time Travel, Stars of the Motherland, In Search of the Lost, Synagogues, St. Alexander Nevsky: Orthodox Churches on Old Postcards from late 19th-early 20th Century, and Great Patriotic War Monuments on Old Postcards. Speaking at the launch of his latest edition, Mr. Likhodedov noted, “In presenting and commenting upon old postcards from my private collection, I’ve tried to create a postcard map of Belarus and its neighbouring regions. I’m convinced that photos reveal much

Vitaliy Gil

Postcards allow us to glimpse the past about personalities and events from the past. They may be the best path to finding the truth. In my many years of collecting, I’ve realised that postcards have unique energy, inspiring a new perspective within us. My readers have encouraged me to keep collecting and publishing new albums.” Minsk bookshop managers Olga Glukhovskaya (Akademkniga) and Alla Zmieva (Book Salon) confirm that the In Search of the Lost series sold out quickly; all the books released from 2007 to 2012 were popular. “Taking into consideration how often we receive inquiries from buyers, it’s probably time to re-publish many of the old albums, since they’ll certainly sell!” The Director and Editor-in-Chief of Zvezda (Star) Publishing House, Ales Karlyukevich, notes that they intend to launch two new books by Mr. Likhodedov — both featuring old postcards never before included in the series.

Clearly, old postcards have a unique educational role in teaching us about the past, as speeches by the collector, museum staff, publishers and other guests confirmed. They are a vital national resource, allowing us to imagine how it would have been to travel through Belarus in days gone by. It’s hoped that Mr. Likhodedov will collate many more albums for the In Search of the Lost series. Vileika museum employee Olga Kolosova tells us, “We’ve long been anticipating the title Vileika in Old Postcards, as Mr. Likhodedov has twice arranged postcard shows in our town. We’ve regarded these as a ‘preface’ for a future book.” Mr. Likhodedov was born in Polotsk so his collection features many postcards from his home town; it seems likely that an edition dedicated to that ancient settlement will one day also be added to the series. By Konstantin Ladutko

2013 беларусь.belarus

eloquent speech

first stamp in the 1 The history of independent

Souvenir

stamps

Top 10 most interesting stamps issued in Belarus

e m ay ra re l y notice the stamps we attach to letters but they are often works of art! Just think how many people work on their creation. Naturally, stamps travel to even the most remote corners of the world, presenting Belarus to people far and wide. The first Belarusian stamp was issued in 1992 and over 900 have now entered circulation, depicting every aspect of life — from famous monuments and prominent personalities to flora and fauna. Here are our top 10 Belarusian stamps already issued and soon to come. By Lyudmila Minakova

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Belarus depicted the ‘Cross of Yevfrosiniya Polotskaya. It appeared in March 1992 and coincided with the new millennium of the Belarusian Orthodox Church.

20th anniversary of diplomatic relations 2 The between Belarus and the People’s Republic of China was celebrated last year, inspiring a stamp showing a Belarusian bison in the company of a Chinese panda.

year, the Ministry 3 Last of Communications

and Informatisation issued stamps of the ‘Eared Hedgehog’ and ‘Whitebreasted Hedgehog’: a joint project by Belarus and Kazakhstan. 1994, Belarus has 4 Since issued a series entitled

‘Birds’, depicting golden eagles, mute swans, storks, martin, curlews and many others. The stamps have flown from Belarus around the world. Last year, the Public Organisation APBBirdLife Belarus declared the black swift bird of the year, inspiring a corre sponding stamp.

eloquent speech

elarusian stamps 5 Bteach us not only about

the flora and fauna of our country, but of Belarusian sculptors and artists. A well-known painting by Ferdynand Ruszczyc — The Church (held by the National Art Museum of Belarus) — was depicted on a stamp eleven years ago. he ‘Belarusian 6 TNational Clothes’ series

is dedicated to costumes from particular Belarusian regions. Their originality is determined by their unique details, compositional structure and combination of decorative elements. One stamp is devoted to 19th century costume from the Bykhov Historical and Ethnographic District and was released in 1997. have of ten 7 Stamps portrayed well-known

8 Afo rp sotpaumlpa sr iismtahgate of famous monuments: churches, castles and other buildings. These of ten become popular worldwide, being representative of a nation’s identity. Just last year, 24 such stamps were issued,

including depictions of Kamenets Tower, Lida Castle, the Red Church in Minsk and Kossovo Palace.

icons — such as ‘Our Lady Hodegetria of Smolensk’. Other icons shown on stamps include ‘Saint Paraskeva’ from the mid-16th century and‘Saint Ilya’of the late 17th century. This year, a stamp is being issued with the image of the icon of the Mother of God of Budslav, marking the 400th anniversary of the arrival of the icon in Budslav.

no state 10 Ofh o lcourse, idays escape

attention. That celebrating the New Year in 1996 is among our favourites.

year, stamps 9 Every dedicated to sports

are issued. In 2011, a series dedicated to equestrianism proved popular.

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context

Museum archivists join forces Vitebsk Regional History Museum joins Marc Chagall Museum and Vitebsk Regional State Archives in publishing guide to city of old

he book — entitled Walking with an Old Map — was inspired by Vitebsk’s city plan of 1904 — which is held in the Vitebsk archive. The city guide dates from the early 20th century, and includes information on the history of streets and architectural monuments, as well as excerpts from archival documents and memoirs of famous citizens. Such memoirs reveal intriguing details otherwise unmentioned in official archives: during a visit by Tsar Nicholas II to Vitebsk, there was a traffic jam of in the central square, in which the Emperor became stuck. The Tsar even drove past the Goloshchekin photographic studio, owned by the brother of infamous Filipp Goloshchekin — who later helped organise the execution of the imperial family. The Opera Theatre chapter is dedicated to the cultural life of Vitebsk of that time. Impressively, the city hosted 28 sell-out opera performances each month, featuring many famous artistes. Soon after its premiere in St. Petersburg, Vsevolod Meyerhold brought his play based on Alexander Blok’s Puppet Show (Balaganchik) to Vitebsk; however, it proved too avant-garde and soon closed.

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Souvenir from heart Returning from long trips we tend to bring back souvenirs, chosen to remind us of a country’s culture or way of life

ften these are small, handmade pieces by local masters: clay statuettes of fairytale characters, tableware or textiles with folk patterns, costume jewellery or a shell or stone. What do tourists choose to bring home from Belarus? “Our most frequent visitors are from China, who visit in large groups. Howe ve r, we recently welcomed family from Italy and tourists from America,” notes the Departmental Head of Minsk’s Gallery of National Decorativeand-Applied Art, Valentina Shavel. “As a rule, foreign guests tend to buy linen items as souvenirs: rushniks, table cloths and napkins. Undyed pieces with embroidered Richelieu or Belarusian folk patterns are popular, all being handmade. You can see the heart and soul of each craftsman in their work.”

Russians like Belarusian matryoshka nesting dolls, despite these being a typically Russian souvenir; they like our traditional wooden versions, complaining that cheap Chinese matryoshkas have appeared on their home market. These days, you can buy lovely souvenirs at any roadside café or hotel — even far from ancient castles and churches. The Trade Ministry ruled that all owners of roadside services must have set up the sale of souvenir goods by the end of 2012. One of Minsk’s cosmetics shops tells us that those from Russia and Ukraine are e a g e r t o bu y creams, lotions and shampoos made by Belarusian manufacturers, bringing long lists for themselves, friends and relatives. Of course, the range of souvenirs available is ever growing, being unrecognisable from a decade ago. The word ‘souvenir’ can be translated as ‘recollection’ or ‘memory’ from French; there is certainly an argument for people making return trips based on their final feeling on leaving a country and the purchase of lovely souvenirs may be a deciding factor. By Olga Zakharievskaya

context

Budget priced accommodation

A chain of budget hostels — aimed at students and organised tourist groups — is growing in Minsk

n late February, a new hostel is opening in the historical centre of the Belarusian capital — in the Troitsky Suburbs: the third in a chain. Ksenia Kurus, 20, won the StartupWeekend Forum contest last January — an annual meeting at which investors meet new entrepreneurs. The investor backing the project has allocated $50,000, helping Ksenia open the first two hostels since last May: in Chizhovka and not far from Kupalovskaya metro station. Ksenia tells us that the hostels are occupied even in winter. The latest addition to the chain is to occupy part of a building in the Troitsky Suburbs, sleeping 55 people across 11 rooms: from double luxury suites to standard rooms for three, four, five or six guests. Prices range from $15 to $45 per person per day, with breakfast included. “The opening of hostels for tourists and backpacking students is a positive trend,” believes Andrey Novikov, who heads Minsk City Executive Committee’s

Department for Consumer and Hotel Services. He notes that demand for affordable accommodation remains high in Minsk, opening the way for further investment in this sphere. The first Minsk hostel launched in June 2011, in Postoyalets, offering

rooms for two and eight people. At present, seven hostels operate countrywide, offering accommodation from as little as $9 per day — up to $67 per day, making them affordable to those on a tight budget.

Rural holidays become even more popular Revenue from rural tourism doubled in Belarus last year

ithin the European Union, ecotourism accounts for around 20-25 percent of the total income

By Maria Dmitrieva

of the tourist industry, giving Belarus a goal to aim for. With 20,000 rivers, 10,000 lakes and one third of our territory covered by forest, it’s surely an attainable target. Favourable conditions have been created, with rural hosts gaining tax breaks and access to loans for improvements. The visa procedures for tourists have been eased and further plans are afoot to encourage visitors, including changes to existing legislation.

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art personality

Life’s rich path

f course, Nina was married t o t h e l at e People’s Artist of Belarus Alexander Kishchenko — the muchloved painter, muralist and unique master of tapestry. His legacy hangs in the UN headquarters in New York. Each day spent in her studio brings back memories of her marriage and of the wonderful works created by her dear husband. She is proud of all his achievements and is eager to ensure that future generations worldwide are able to admire his works.

беларусь.belarus 2013

Nina Kukharenko is an artist and pottery designer, already boasting a beautiful treasury of works. Her latest commission takes her back in time though, restoring a huge ceramic panel she made for the Belarus Hotel in Minsk. With the hotel itself being restored to meet the demands of our modern times and to prepare for the 2014 Hockey World Championship, Nina Kukharenko’s gorgeous art work is being given pride of place in the central lounge (moved from the hotel sauna). In fact, the ceramic panel featured recently in an illustrated anthology of works by the best Belarusian artists. Throughout his life, Alexander Kishchenko’s grand plans impressed the world. His talents spanned various genres: from easel painting to monumental mosaic compositions and unique tapestries. However, he was also a wonderful, though little-known, poet. Among his lines, he wrote: ‘The Creator writes time, Drawing with a brush skies blue and the pollen of flowers, Looking into the blue eyes of lakes’. Ms. Kukharenko says that her husband’s writing of quatrains helped him envision new art works in his ‘signature style’. Words, dictated by inspiration, then found embodiment in colour...

Belarusian and Polish filmmakers have devoted works to Mr. Kishchenko’s life and legacy. The twice winner of the State Prize of Belarus (1980 and 1996) was awarded the Frantsisk Skorina Order in 1993. One film captures the process of hand weaving the great Tapestry of the Century, which he wove at the Borisov Arts and Crafts Centre (named after Mr. Kishchenko). He actually made a huge loom for the rug, which weighs 300kg and is as long as a six-storey house is tall. This huge work of decorative art is unrivalled worldwide for craftsmanship. Moreover, it took almost six years to complete. He admitted in 1995, “Maybe, Tapestry of the Century is my

swan song.” It seemed that it summed up all his talent and love of life. Sadly, it has only twice been on display to the public: both times in Minsk. Although, being included in the international Guinness Book of World Records, it deserves to be seen by all. Ms. Kukharenko remembers, tremblingly, the opening of the exhibition which marked the anniversary of her husband’s death, hosted by a pavilion at BelEXPO, in 1998. She recalls, “The demonstration of Tapestry of the Century was a grand, breath-taking affair: choirs sang and candles were lit as the tapestry was slowly unfurled and raised, being revealed gradually. You saw the majestic image of Jesus Christ, the Virgin and Child, and the fallen angel — the Antichrist, symbolising all non-believers (according to Mr. Kishchenko). Over 70 prominent politicians, creative and religious figures were depicted, spanning the 20th century, alongside allegorical characters: the woman of the universe and the man of the universe...” Ms. Kukharenko, as a professional artist herself, helped her husband to create Tapestry of the Century at the ‘technical’ stage, preparing sketches on cardboard, which were used by the Borisov masters. Today, she worries for the fate of this world masterpiece, which lies folded in the studio. However, Borisov Arts and Crafts Centre is soon to examine the rug and conduct any necessary restoration, which she is delighted about. Ms. Kukharenko was her husband’s muse, drawn many times in his works; Nina was his pupil, apprentice and assistant, his friend and wife. His creativity was amplified when resonating through Nina. Now, she is the keeper of his huge legacy and mother to his second son, Maxim. Here, Nina tells of her early life and her own career as an artist. How did you become an artist? Was it a conscious choice or did everything happen spontaneously?

art

Alexander Ruzhechka

personality

2013 беларусь.belarus

Alexander Ruzhechka

art personality

It was my conscious choice. How did it happen? On my mother’s side, everyone painted very well. My dad was a military man so we travelled the world. When vacations arrived, we used to go to the village of Liski, in the Gomel Region, where my mother’s parents lived. There were many pictures in the house, hanging on the walls. I copied those pictures and, when I grew up, found out that my mother’s brother had painted them. He died during the war, but his legacy remained. I made copies every year and so prepared myself to become an artist. My father was a lawyer, having gained a law degree from the BSU, while my mother was from a very large family. All the children had received higher education though, and the family was very cultured. ‘Ogonyok’ Magazine was popular at the time, showing reproductions of Russian and foreign artists, and we’d place these reproductions into frames. Village homes tend to have reproductions of Shishkin and Levitan.

беларусь.belarus 2013

When my father was serving in the Kirov Region, I had a choice of entering a college or university but military camps don’t offer a wide range of courses. I didn’t have the opportunity

to go to an art school or to a studio but our neighbour had attended art school in Abramtsevo — between Moscow and Zagorsk. He recognised my talent and asked me to aim for college. I began to prepare myself by drawing cubes, diamonds, pyramids and balls — all in proportion. Lacking mouldable materials, I made them from cardboard. I didn’t enter college in the first year but gained experience and found out what was required for admission. After the ninth grade, I entered the college’s porcelain faculty and found that I loved painting on porcelain. I graduated from the college with honours after four years of studying. My graduation work was inspired by the theme of circuses, which I love. I then thought about entering university. I had to decide where to apply and I knew that it was very difficult to enter Stroganovka (the famous Art Institute in Moscow). It took students from across the fifteen republics of the USSR. Even after graduating from the college with honours, some my friends had

personality applied five times without success. My father had retired and had an apartment near Moscow — in Vladimir — so, for a year, I taught at the central school of arts in that city. I came to realise that, as a Belarusian, I should return to the Fatherland. I came to Minsk and gained entry to the Theatre and Art Institute, taking my exam in sculpture instead of painting. I was very good at sculpture. So, this is how I acquired my favourite profession! When did this happen? In 1974, I graduated from Abramtsevo Industrial Art College, then worked for a year and, in 1975, entered the Theatre and Art Institute, studying ceramics and porcelain. I could choose to take my exam either in sculpture or painting. In Abramtsevo, there was only gouache or decorative painting. In Minsk, I had to pass an exam in classical oil or watercolour painting. I was very good at sculpture, and could change my application from painting to sculpture, so I did so, and I passed the exam with the highest mark. Mr. Belyayev and Mr. Gavrilov were my professors. In the second year, I was introduced to Alexander Kishchenko, who arranged for me to work with monumental ceramics: a difficult sphere of sculpture. You have to understand the techniques of drying, hand moulding and baking. I’m surprised by the amount of work involved. Weren’t you deterred? It’s really hard work, but nothing deterred me, as I enjoyed it. One of the most difficult aspects was loading the furnace single-handedly. You have to keep a close eye on it, as excessive head damages the glaze, which is unsightly. Of course, others wait their turn with the furnace too. You have to wear protective gloves to retrieve your pieces from the oven... Tell us about your Spate, being restored for the Belarus Hotel.. I made a sketch first, then used cardboard to decide where each element should be. The panel is large so I made it in cardboard first, with wet paste,

art

deciding on the position of the coil, the tree, the stork and the fish. I then began hand-moulding. It was made for the Belarus Hotel, which had just been built at that time. In those days, the tradition was for artists and architects to work together on hotel interiors and every major building was adorned in this way — from the Palace of Culture to a kindergarten. State budgetary funds were allocated to allow culture to be everywhere. My work was commissioned for the hotel sauna and was inspired by water reflections.

Belarusian decorative artists — as an example of my creative work. Pottery design takes so much effort. Is this why you tend to paint now? Before I married, I was free to pursue my own path but, on marrying and having my son, I had less time for sculpture. I also wanted to help my husband make tapestries. Of course, it was a change from ceramics but orders for my own work also fell off in the 1980s, after ‘perestroika’. Huge works became less common and, as factories closed, the furnaces and technologies were lost.

Minsk City Executive Committee recently decided to move my work to the main lounge of the hotel, to be more widely appreciated. In moving the panel, it suffered chips, so we’re restoring it with cold technology, since it can’t be re-fired. I’ve invented a method of restoration and it’s wonderfully nostalgic for me: a return to the past. I remember making it the first time round and the joy it brought me. It features in a book about the best

Many pottery designers continued but I switched to canvas. Today, I tend to limit myself to organising my husband’s archives and exhibitions. When were Belarusian ceramics most popular? They’ve existed for centuries but the 1970-80s were their modern heyday — not only for ceramics but for painting, monumental art and tapestries. It was easier for artists then; you could realise your potential more easily. Now, it’s so

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art personality expensive to have a studio. You have to pay for it yourself, usually by having a teaching job, which disrupts the creative process. Mr. Kishchenko left his job at the university so that he could devote himself to art. I think artists need freedom from the necessity of earning money; it’s annoying to have to think about a salary. The artist’s soul should always be focused on creation. What fascinates you most of all regarding ceramics? The material itself is interesting, being so malleable in your hands. I’m inspired by life and love art, so I always wanted to express myself. Why are ceramics less popular today? Ceramists have moved out of the limelight; we don’t tend to see monumental ceramic exhibitions, as technology has changed. There’s no scope for this anymore. Ceramic works used to be widely commissioned.

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New buildings were always decorated, with ceramics, mosaics and tapestries. It’s rare today, with original artwork decorations kept to the minimum. What qualities do ceramists need? The main thing — for ceramics and painting — is to be committed to your creativity. Always do your utmost. Ceramic is an amazing material. If you had a chance, would you like to create something in ceramic today? I have a dream, but I lack time. If God gives me health and strength, I may achieve my dream. I still love sculpture and working with porcelain. I retain the desire to create compositions. Does time impact on creativity? Yes, it certainly leaves its mark. New technologies are being developed, so new images appear. Do you like to include folk motifs in your works? I was raised on folk images. In Soviet times we studied all crafts: Dymkovo

toys, Gzhel, wood, stone and bone carving. I always wanted to work with more realistic themes. Are you concerned about preserving the traditions of Belarusian ceramics? I think that Belarusian ceramics should be developed and that they can appeal to young artists. Do you imagine the audience’s reaction to your works as you create them? I don’t think about this, just focusing on making something beautiful. When this panel was first finished, it was admired; however, my own name was not placed upon it. People assumed it to be the work of a Russian master; nobody knew a Belarusian master was responsible. As the keeper of the heritage of People’s Artist Alexander Kishchenko, how do you find this job? Is it troublesome? It’s very difficult but also very important. I hold a large burden of responsibility. It’s a lot for one person to cope with. I write to the Ministry of Culture and to museums, trying to organise exhibitions. Mr. Kishchenko was a prolific artist, leaving about 400 paintings in his studio, in addition to tapestries. The ‘Tapestry of the Century’ is an historical and cultural treasure. People ask to visit to view it, also coming to drink tea, and they always leave happy. All my husband’s works have a positive energy, as he loved life and admired so many things. On May 13th, it will be 85 years since his birth. I’d like the Artists’ Union to help me, alongside the Ministry of Culture, in promoting his legacy. I’m often asked for materials on my husband: a film was shot recently about him and his creative work is in a textbook on the history of Belarus — in the section about culture. His ‘Tapestry of the Century’ and ‘Chernobyl Tapestry’ hang in the UN headquarters. After his death, I held exhibitions regularly but the last was in 2009, at the National Art Museum, on two floors. I can’t organise any more without the

help of the state. His creativity was multifaceted. Many think you simply graduate from university and are an artist! However, my husband believed that it took years to understand his artistry fully. Your image appears in many of his paintings. I was always with him. He needed a Slavic image and I was introduced to him. The first portrait was small but it was bought by Moscow. He painted me a great deal, as he loved me. When his son was born, he painted me with our son. He said that one should paint what one loved and understood. He liked to paint nature and still life paintings. Sometimes, I asked him if he tired of my image, as he had painted me so many times. He answered, “I know you well so when I need to find a new image, I use yours to help me generate ideas quickly.” Is your son Maxim creative also? Like Alexander, his father, he is optimistic. I become upset over things but Maxim doesn’t. I didn’t want him to become an artist simply because of his parents doing so. You often see artists sending their son or daughter to university to study art and they lack true talent, so never find their true path in the profession. However, Maxim is naturally artistic. From the age of 8 or 9, he would write poetry — about sadness or the sun. His head is full of powerful poetic images. He hasn’t been trained professionally but is creative and thinks in different ways about others, which is a talent in itself. Is there anything that distinguishes female creativity? We are subtle and can rival men when we have the opportunity. However, the demands of family restrict our freedom to spend time creating. We become distracted by other elements of life. Where women are talented, they can surpass men. I’d like to make an album dedicated to Mr. Kishchenko, showing his monumental works and paintings. Students need such an album, so that they can see that Belarus had a unique artist.

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Alexander Ruzhechka

personality

My goal is to promote his legacy. If we destroy works from the 1970s, what will be left for the future? What is life without culture? If we lose it, it will affect what grows in the future. Culture needs to be nurtured. I’d like his mosaic in the

Intourist Hotel in Minsk to be restored, as it’s such a unique piece from the 1970-80s. It’s priceless, as unique artists like Mr. Kishchenko are born once in a hundred years. By Victor Mikhailov

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tournament

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Belta

he tournament was taking place in Belarus for the third time, gathering around a hundred participants from B e l a r u s , Ru s s i a , Uk r ai ne, L at v i a , Israel and elsewhere. Medieval combat featured a range of armour, shields and weaponry, while knights were also allowed to use hands and feet for punching and kicking. There were no ‘theatrical’ fights, with the strongest winning the day. Each bout lasted 2-3 minutes, with points scored for strikes to specific zones. Maxim, from Minsk, chatted to us while helping a friend put on his armour. “It weighs up to 50kg on average,” he explained, fastening the special belts. Clearly, it would be difficult to don single-handedly. Vizards are worn to protect the face, which is also a prohibited zone for striking, although the head is a viable target, being protected by a strong helmet. “It’s not painful, believe me,” smiles Leon, from the Savage Hunt club, who works as an electrician at Minsk’s Sports Palace. “I’ve been taking part in historical reconstructions for three years.” Team fights (of five knights facing another five) simply require members to remain on foot. “There are no scripts or theatrical staging: just true wins and losses,” cries the host, as the knights assemble. Some attempt to knock their rivals down while others begin with strong kicks. It looks ruthless, but the warriors have no real desire to hurt their opponent. “Technical skills are vital,” explains German (known as Artem in ordinary life), from Minsk’s Lyutsern club. “I’ve been fond of chivalry since childhood and now train several times a week at the club.” The most spectacular show features 21 knights on each side, battling within the tilting yard. Anyone not involved cheers from the sidelines, encourage friends with cries of ‘Bugurt!’ (translated as ‘to beat’ from Old German).

Nobility and honour still highly appreciated Minsk’s State Palace for Children and Young People recently hosted the Challenge Cup International Tournament for Historical Medieval Fights. With swords clashing, 21st century knights struggled for victory in a contest organised by Living History (a public youth association).

fact The clank of metal and crack of wood is quite deafening. Meanwhile, guards use shields behind the fence to contain anyone pushed through by their opponent. Sudden falls result in the audience stepping back in fear and a brief break is announced. “Our fights aren’t really violent — unlike football!” jokes Igor, from Odessa. “I take part in 15-20 tournaments annually, having been to Lida, Molodechno and Grodno.” Fans cry out the names of their favourites and adrenaline and emotions reign. Some knights fall in exhaustion, overcome by the heat. It’s not easy wielding your weapon while wearing armour. “We’ve come to Minsk f rom Kaliningrad, by a special bus able to cope with our heavy items,” explains Beda (aka Yevgeny Bedenko), from the Western Tower military-historical club. “After the tournament, we’ll mend and clean our armour. I’m a lawyer but make weapons by hand.” Despite being almost fit to drop, the knights line up once more and ambulance d o c t o r R u s l a n Novikov tells m e , “ We’v e n o t h a d a ny s erious injuries during the tournament — just a few minor grazes. I also take part in milit ar y-historical reconstructions, fo c us i ng on s e c u l ar costumes. My k nig ht name is Gugo and I’ve sewn six costumes so far — for friends and for myself.” The f ig ht ing ends and photos are taken during the

awards ceremony. Diplomas and medals have been especially made for the event, cast in bronze and brass. These are presented to the accompaniment of music by British rock band Queen. “I’m taking home three awards,” says Morgul (aka Mikhail Morgulis) proudly. He has travelled from Israel’s Petah Tikva. “This is my first time in Belarus but my third tournament. It’s an expensive hobby, since you need to pay to travel to events, but it’s worth it. I’ve loved Minsk and would come again if possible.” The Challenge Cup is over, so the knights remove their armour, evaluating losses and sharing impressions. They’ll next meet at the Legacy of Centuries International Festival in summer, giving them time to rest and train for new victories. By Sergey Pimenov

Natural environment admired by artists National History Museum joins forces with Belarusian Union of Artists for Colourful Historical Polesie exhibition

rtists Igor Orlov, Victor Barabantsev, Anatoly B elyavsky, Vladimir Kozhukh, Vladimir Kapshai, Yelena Matrosova,VyacheslavMurashko, Eduard Rimarovich and Ales Susha liaised with Lyaskovichi’s Nature Museum last year to organise a wonderful exhibition in praise of Polesie. Their love for the Pripyat Region has resulted in dozens of canvases celebrating its unique tradit i on s , c u s t om s an d landscapes. Eastern Polesie is an inexhaustible treasury of Belarusian folklore and crafts, with its rivers and lakes creating a seemingly endless series of island villages. It’s a magnet for wildlife and lovers of nautre, having inspired scientists, poets and artists for centuries. The exhibition runs until March 17th.

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good rest

Pogranichny Island opens to tourists in Brest Brest Fortress’ Pogranichny Island launches as tourist attraction, with local authorities, diplomats and journalists among first visitors

Honouring prominent fellow countryman Adam Mickiewicz and the Theatre project launches in Novogrudok to mark 215th anniversary of poet’s birth

he Adam Mickiewicz Museum is welcoming various theatrical groups to give performances based on the life and works of the famous Novogrudok-born poet. Svityaz — A History of a Drowned City, a puppet show based on Adam Mickiewicz’s Svityaz, was recently p r e s e n t e d b y G r o d n o’s M a r i a Iskusnitsa Theatre. Lonely Ptakh, a monologue dedicated to the poet’s life in Novogrudok, is soon to be presented by the Znich Belarusian One-Actor Poetic Theatre, at the Belarusian State Philharmonic. Other performances are planned as part of the Live Word Folk Literary Theatre — hosted by the Maxim

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Tank Belarusian State Pedagogical University and Minsk’s Theatre Ch. Novogrudok is also to host an international conference involving museums from Warsaw, Opinogóra (Poland), Vilnius and Kaunas (Lithuania), marking the 75th anniversary of the Adam Mickiewicz Museum (in September) and the 215th anniversary of the poet’s birth (in December). The first attempt to set up the Adam Mickiewicz Museum in Novogrudok was made in 1920. It finally launched in 1938, only to be destroyed by a German bomb in 1941. It was rebuilt in 1955 and received its contemporary appearance in 1990, following more reconstruction, which included an annex connected to the main building by an underground tunnel. Five rooms detail the life and works of the poet while others recreate the family’s home: a children’s room, the father’s study and a sitting room. Among the exhibits are personal items once belonging to the poet, with some from his homeland of Zaosie: books, manuscripts, portraits of friends and acquaintances and a bronze model of the A. Mickiewicz monument in Paris (the only exhibit from the prewar museum). There are nine anthologies of his poetry, translations of editions in various languages, 120 rare editions and many photographs among the 7,000+ items stored. By Yelena Stasyukova

rest Fortress’s Terespol Fort has always been a ‘forbidden zone’ for casual visitors, being located on the Belarus-Poland border. It still boasts mid-19th-early 20th century powder rooms, barracks and earthen ramparts. However, in June 2011, President Alexander Lukashenko ordered that the site by opened to tourists. It has taken around 18 months to develop the attraction and conduct an inventory. A cable bridge has been built and pathways laid.

According to the Chairman of the Brest Regional Executive Committee, Konstantin Sumar, this is the first step towards the establishment of a historical-cultural estate around the Brest Hero-Fortress Memorial Complex. Around three hundred hectares are being developed, to include the Kobrin and Volyn fortifications, where military units served until recently. Pogranichny Island will play a key role, with local authorities planning to establish a simplified passenger border checkpoint at Brest-Terespol. The project envisages the restoration of the old Terespol Bridge, giving access on foot or by bicycle, while a new bridge will allow passage from Belarus to Poland. The partially preserved cobbles seen on the Island and on the Polish side show how Brest and Terespol were connected in the past.

Theatre

Who

doesn’t believe in miracles? Belarusian State Academic Musical Theatre premieres Gennady Gladkov’s musical An Ordinary Miracle

he libretto is based on the fairy tale by Yevgeny Shwarts, with lyrics written by poet and bard Yuly Kim. Mr. Gladkov and Mr. Kim have added new music from Mark Zakharov’s film, creating a new theatrical voyage. In 2012, young director Ivan Popovsky put An Ordinary Miracle on stage at the Dubrovka Theatre Centre, in Moscow, produced by Alexey Ivashchenko (known for Nord-Ost).

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Alexander Dmitriyev

Theatre

The 2013 play was recently brought to life by Russia’s leading musical theatre: the Sverdlovsk State Academic Musical Comedy Theatre. It performed the piece in Minsk for a month last year, and then took the play to the Odessa Theatre (named after M. Vodyanoy). Such a time-tested, sparkling and hilarious play deserves to be on stage. Anastasia Grinenko is directing the Minsk version, having great experience of working in musical theatre. With the non-repertory theatre AlphaConcert, Ms. Grinenko staged the blockbuster comedy Boeing, Boeing, Boeing, working with leading young actors from Minsk theatres: Vitaly Kozlov, Sergey Chekeres, Anastasia Shpakovskaya and others. It was a fascinating spectacle. In the future, Ms. Grinenko will surely try more serious drama, having an unusual ironic postmodern style of direction. She’s unlikely to follow in the footsteps of Anatoly Efros, with his Rehearsal is My Love, being more pragmatic and commercial minded. She created modern versions of Alexey Rybnikov’s Little Red Riding Hood and Buratino (Pinocchio), made

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familiar through the brilliant adaptations of Leonid Nechaev. In her world, Red Riding Hood masters the Internet, while Basilio the Cat and Alice the Fox utter the plaintive refrain ‘We’re not local ourselves..’. Ms. Grinenko is lucky in having found a team of like-minded people who she can rely upon. First of all, she has her husband, Dmitry Yakubovich — a skilful actor able to create bright and romantic heroes such as Captain Masham in The Glass of Water, by Vladimir Kondrusevich, and Tony from The West Side Story, by Leonard Bernstein. In these roles, Mr. Yakubovich demonstrates strong vocals and moves well. He has a deep understanding of his characters, giving us insight into their inner world. He also has a brilliant knowledge of the latest developments and trends in choreography. His eccentric ballet The Twelve Chairs, staged as a selfcontained fantasy, has been a favourite since childhood (based on the novel by Ilf and Petrov). It could easily represent Belarusian choreography at any international theatre festival. Ms. Grinenko and Mr. Yakubovich are

ready to take risks to further their art and are ably supported by conductor Nikolay Makarevich. An Ordinary Miracle is the third work using Gladkov’s score (following The Town Musicians of Bremen and The Twelve Chairs). Set designer Andrey Merenkov breathes life into even the smallest space while costume designer Yulia Babaeva brings her own touch of magic. This talented crew ensure all round success. Unfortunately, the premiere coincided with an epidemic of flu, claiming Gennady Gladkov. No doubt, he will see the show at the first opportunity. Previously, the Belarusian Musical Theatre troupe performed at the Moscow Tchaikovsky Conservatory, giving a jubilee concert devoted to the release of the cartoon The Town Musicians of Bremen. Mr. Gladkov conducted and paid a wealth of compliments to our artists and orchestra, directed by Nikolay Makarevich. Anastasia Grinenko’s main achievement with her new play is achieving a magnificent line up of actors, including those in reserve. Anton Zayanchkovsky is more sedate than Dmitry Yakubovich

Theatre

as the wizard, but Mr. Yakubovich adds some cunning to the role. Lesya Lyut as the wife of the Wizard is more romantic than Margarita Alexandrovich but, looking at Mr. Alexandrovich, we are left in no doubt that the Wizard performs his follies for her alone. Oleg Prokhorov’s bear is more convincing than that of Eduard Voinilovich, but Mr. Voinilovich is so defenceless and naive that he is perfect for the role. Ilona Kazakevich has played princesses before and lends the role her own unique colour. Yekaterina Moshchenko also interprets the Princess in her own way. Meanwhile, Alexander Krukovsky and Alexander Osipets both play the King vividly; it’s hard to choose between them. Of course, it’s not a competition; every actor is individual. The play keeps its pace throughout its two acts and the script still sounds so modern. Mr. Shwarts has created an amazing world of illusion, where all the senses are exaggerated and phrases sound like pop reprises. It’s an enchanting world, believable in every detail, as created by Andrey Merenkov. We spin away on waves of energetic and magical music.

Mr. Shwarts has created an amazing world of illusion, where all the senses are exaggerated and phrases sound like pop reprises. It’s an enchanting world Before the premiere, Anastasia Grinenko stressed that comparisons with the film can be avoided but the Artistic Director of the theatre, Adam Murzich, had his doubts, noting, “It’s always dangerous to adapt material wellknown in a film.” Without doubt, the theatre has managed to create a worthy rival, with the actors performing their roles as if they existed only for them. An Ordinary Miracle at the Musical Theatre is a performance of modern times, with a marked post-modern touch. The actors and their characters seem to say, “Yes, everything has been

said, everything has been sung — but let’s try one more time.” The musical is a tribute to the beautiful literary tradition and atmospheric childhood music of Gennady Gladkov, and the grotesque world of eccentrics and dodgers, as created by Mark Zakharov. However, the musical does not freeze in the sacred bow; it breathes and lives. Musical theatre faces some challenges today, seeking novelty in its repertoire while upholding the traditions of operetta. Of course, it needs to draw full houses, so it’s important to choose shows with care. An Ordinary Miracle proves that a musical can be the logical continuation of theatrical traditions, enriching dramatic staging with wonderful melodies. To be successful in Minsk, Yekaterinburg or Odessa, you don’t need to copy Broadway classics. Soviet classics are just as popular and, without exaggeration, the creative work of Gennady Gladkov is capable of charming anyone. The show’s energy, humour and joy enables it to rival any Broadway production. Minsk audiences are sure to show their appreciation. “Вялікі Theatre для мяне як любоў і лёс”

By Valentin Pepelyaev

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prestige

Beauty is strong force Belarus hosts prestigious beauty pageant

on’t be surprised if you notice a bevy of beauties i n Mi ns k t h i s September. The Belarusian capital is hosting Miss Supranational, gathering entrants from around the world. The contest is among the top five international beauty contests and is known for being open and fair, while placing high demands on its participants. Girls from seventy countries (and five continents) are taking part. Miss Supranational was hosted by Latin America for a long time, where female beauty is highly appreciated. However, the contest moved to Europe in 2009, with Poland hosting it for four years in a row. Polish cities ‘fought’ severely to win the honour, as it’s a true pleasure to host the contest. The event is broadcast to 70 states.

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This year, Belarus is hosting the prestigious international forum: a fitting honour, as our Belarusian beauties have successfully won prizes in previous years. In 2009, Marina Lepesha became Miss Supranational First Runner-Up and, in 2011, Lyudmila Yakimovich did the same. Last year, Yekaterina Buraya, from Bobruisk, won the crown. In previous years winners have been Poland’s Monika Lewczuk (2011), Panama’s Karina Pinilla (2010) and Ukraine’s Oksana Moria (2009). The ladies recently visited Belarus, to see Minsk’s preparations for the international pageant. The contestants will officially arrive in August, explains the First Deputy Chairman of ONT TV Channel (organising the event), Sergey Khomich. He tells us to expect a spectacular show. “It’s being organised six months before the World Hockey Championship so we aim to link the two, giving the forum a hockey or ice theme. Three weeks before the contest, we’ll try to teach the entrants to skate and play hockey.” Those aged 17 to 26 wishing to represent Belarus can apply to ONT TV Channel. Entrants may not be married or divorced, must not have children and must speak English. In addition, model looks are required. The terms are to appear on the TV channel’s website in February. The finals will take place on September 6th, with a venue yet to be chosen. No doubt, it will be a unique event for Belarus, with the TV broadcast presenting our culture to a global audience. All beauty pageant hosts use such events to promote their country.

style

Katya Zharkova shows different example Model Katya Zharkova, from Minsk, now lives in New York, taking part in shoots for glossy magazines

housands of Belarusian girls no doubt look up to her, so she’s keen to let them know that you don’t need to be super slim to be a successful model. Her measurements are a curvy 84 cm waist, bust 105cm and 115cm hips. She’s proudly graced several covers and has appeared nude also. Katya is certainly traditionally tall, at 178cm, but her voluptuous figure is a breath of fresh air in the fashion industry, where anorexia is almost the norm. International attention was drawn to the death of Isabelle Caro, from France, in 2010. At just 34kg, prior to her death, she took part in a campaign to deter others from following in her footsteps. Sadly, she lost her own battle. Ms. Zharkova is eager for designers to put aside the trend for extreme thinness on the catwalk and in their advertising campaigns. Of course, they need clothes to hang well but it makes sense for women to aspire to a body shape achievable through healthy living.

Katya Zharkova is a healthy role model for today’s women, of whatever age, proving that beauty does not require extreme sacrifice

Famous fashion designer Karl Lagerfeld caused a stir with his comment that ‘jealous fat mothers’ were the ones criticising the trend for models being thin. Other top designers seem to agree, noting that clothes won’t sell unless they look attractive on slim models. In some European countries, models are forbidden to work unless they’ve been certified as achieving a healthy weight and, in Israel, glossy magazines are required to reveal which pictures are digitally altered. In the USA, where 10 million women suffer from being underweight, those models deemed dangerously slim are being released from their contracts. Anorexia is the plague of the fashion industry and, of course, ordinary girls are affected by the images with which they grow up. The first diagnosis of anorexia was given 100 years ago, with extreme slimness being popular in the 1960s, 1990s and in the mid-late-2000s. Ms. Zharkova is a healthy role model for today’s women, of whatever age, proving that beauty does not require extreme sacrifice.

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tour hallmarks

Visiting the Festival in Monte Carlo Masters of the African savannah surprise audiences with new programme at Belarusian State Circus

he Belarusian State Circus has been liaising with the Monte Carlo Festival for several years. Of course, European circus lovers are already familiar with our Belarusian circus artists, who have been much awarded. The production director of the Belarusian State Circus, Serge Bondarchuk, has received a special prize from Princess Stephanie of Monaco, as have our ballet artistes — for their staging and costumes. “Being friendly with our colleagues in Europe, we’ve began touring each other’s countries more often,” explains the new programme compere, Vitaly Makarevich. “This time, the Director of the Belarusian State Circus, Tatiana Bondarchuk, managed to invite the top artists to Minsk. The performance is already being hailed as a sensation.” The Masters of the African Savannah are majestic lions, who perform with Vlad Goncharov — the youngest animal tamer in Ukraine and the only one in Europe to work only with male lions. His dangerous and thrilling One among the Lions sees the beasts perform spectacular tricks as Vlad moves among them. Russian Sergey Rokashkov’s acrobats are also sure to delight circus fans. At a world competition in Paris, his troupe won a gold medal and took the ‘Bronze Clown’ at another international event in Monte Carlo. Each year, circuses battle to sign up Rokashkov for the coming season. World famous Chris Cream, from Switzerland, also presents a thrilling performance, juggling with an incredible variety of items. Chris performs unbelievable tricks, and even features in the Guinness Book of Records. In 1977, he performed a quadruple somersault while juggling three cigar boxes.

Vanessa Mae: talent and beauty The phenomenal Vanessa Mae recently performed in Minsk, giving her own spin on masterpieces by such composers as German Bach, Brahms, Beethoven and Bruch

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Belta

ilent, courageous and devoted to her magical violin, Vanessa brings new life to classical works, infusing them with her own unusual explosive style and heartfelt emotions. The new arrangements feature on her latest album — Choreography, fusing rock, techno, reggae, jazz, disco and flamenco rhythms with traditional melodies loved by all. The princess of four strings is known as one of the world’s foremost beauties, as well as holding 40 platinum awards, so brought delight to Belarusian designers with her request that they make a glamorous dress for her. Nine designers submitted entries, of which two were chosen: a red dress by Irina Boitik and one in emerald green by Yulia Gilevich. Sadly, she failed to appear in either at the Palace of the Republic concert but wore Ms. Gilevich’s dress two days beforehand, in Kiev.